Laboratory and field data on electrochemical stabilization of clays, by three Russian authors, are here presented in translation. Abstracts of the Russian papers were published in May 1947 issue of the Engineering News Record (pp. 100-101). There exists also a small body of literature, in German and English, dealing with the electrochemical stabilization and related subjects. Elements of the electrochemical process were patented by Casagrande in Germany, shortly before the last war.
\nResults of the Russians and of others, including the German patent, appear to be sound and interesting accordingly. Mechanism of the electrochemical stabilization, however, appears to be surmised rather than established. Unless the mechanism of such stabilization is understood in detail, little progress may be expected in field applications of the electrochemical method.
\nElectroosmosis, a poorly reversible coagulation of the soil colloids, and introduction of exchangeable aluminum into the clay complex have been given credit for the ground-stabilizing effects of direct electrical current. Much remains to be done, as the reader may see, in developing further the theory of the method. A critical study is indicated, in this connection, by agencies or individuals qualified and equipped for basic research in soil physics. Optimum schedules for field treatments need be ascertained with particular care, to suit any given kind of material and environment. A wide range of variation in such schedules, is most certainly to be encountered in dealing with materials as diverse in their composition and properties as are clays. Any generalization on relationships between soil, electrolytes, moisture, and current could be premature if based on the Russian work alone.
\nStabilization of ground is a major engineering geologic problem of national interest. Needless to say, perhaps, that failures are to be expected, in laboratory and in the field, in this as well as in any other kind of research. To minimize probabilities of such failures, it may be recommended that investigators develop the electrochemical stabilization problem not merely against the relatively narrow background of soil mechanics, but with a certain feeling for geology, mineralogy, pedology, soil physics, and soil chemistry.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr4727B","usgsCitation":"Solntzev, D., Sorkov, V., and Sokoloff, V., 1947, Electrochemical stabilization as a means of preventing ground failure in railroads: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 47-27, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr4727B.","productDescription":"10 p.","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289626,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289625,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1947/0027-B/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db606de9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Solntzev, D.I.","contributorId":64565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solntzev","given":"D.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sorkov, V.S.","contributorId":31678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorkov","given":"V.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sokoloff, V.P. (translator)","contributorId":18773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sokoloff","given":"V.P.","suffix":"(translator)","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":72212,"text":"tem49 - 1947 - Available data on the content of radioactive elements in recent marine sediments and sea water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:01","indexId":"tem49","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1947","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":338,"text":"Trace Elements Memorandum","code":"TEM","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"49","title":"Available data on the content of radioactive elements in recent marine sediments and sea water","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/tem49","usgsCitation":"Stead, F., 1947, Available data on the content of radioactive elements in recent marine sediments and sea water: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Memorandum 49, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tem49.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192643,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d599","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stead, Frank W.","contributorId":32627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stead","given":"Frank W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":125,"text":"wsp915 - 1947 - Major winter and nonwinter floods in selected basins in New York and Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-24T19:21:15.107617","indexId":"wsp915","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1947","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"915","title":"Major winter and nonwinter floods in selected basins in New York and Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"The scientific design of flood-control works is based on an evaluation of the hydrologic factors basic to flood events, particularly how rainfall and snow runoff, soil conditions, and channel influences can combine to produce greater or lesser floods. For this purpose an analysis of the pertinent hydrologic data is needed. The methods of analysis adopted should conform as closely as possible to those already in use and must be adapted to the quality of the available information. Maximum floods in 8 basins in New York and Pennsylvania during the winter and nonwinter months were studied, a total of 21 floods. The most outstanding winter flood of record in the North Atlantic region was that of March 1936. Rainfall plus snow melt in the basins studied ranged between 3.04 and 6.87 inches, and associated volumes of direct runoff from 1.88 to 5.63 inches. Winter floods have a common characteristic in their relation to freezing temperature. The antecedent periods, representing a period of snow accumulation and frost penetration, are below freezing, and the flood itself is contemporaneous with a period of above-freezing temperatures, usually associated with rain, during which the previously accumulated snow is melted. A second common characteristic of major winter floods is their tendency to be associated with widespread causal meteorologic conditions. There was a more complete conversion of rainfall and snow melt into runoff during the winter storms studied than during the wettest nonwinter flood. Snow melt during winter floods ranged from 0.04 to 0.07 inch per degree-day above 32° F. The depth of mean areal rainfall produced by the nonwinter storms studied ranged from 3.05 to 4.96 inches. The maximum 24-hour quantity at single stations was 14 inches, which was measured during the storm of July 1935 in New York. The volume of direct runoff ranged between 1.39 and 3.41 inches. The portion of rainfall that was converted into runoff varied in accordance with the rate of antecedent base flow, expressed in second-feet per square mile, and emphasized the influence of antecedent conditions. The average volume of direct runoff during winter floods was 4.24 inches, and the average during nonwinter floods was 2.44 inches. The latter, however, were more concentrated as to time, tending to compensate for large volume of runoff in winter, so that the crest rates of direct runoff averaged 0.056 inches per hour during the winter and 0.051 inches during the nonwinter period.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp915","usgsCitation":"Langbein, W.B., 1947, Major winter and nonwinter floods in selected basins in New York and Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 915, ix, 139 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp915.","productDescription":"ix, 139 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":424716,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24687.htm","text":"Susquehanna and Delaware River basins","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"24687"},{"id":424715,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24686.htm","text":"Sacandaga River basin","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"24686"},{"id":24733,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/0915/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":136415,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/0915/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York, Pennsylvania","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -78.75,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -78.75,\n 39.75\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 39.75\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 43\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.583,\n 43.681\n ],\n [\n -74.583,\n 43.229\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 43.229\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 43.681\n ],\n [\n -74.583,\n 43.681\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db64980b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langbein, Walter Basil","contributorId":40581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langbein","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"Basil","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":141974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":72208,"text":"tem47 - 1947 - Best site for black shale mining on the basis of current data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:00","indexId":"tem47","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1947","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":338,"text":"Trace Elements Memorandum","code":"TEM","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"47","title":"Best site for black shale mining on the basis of current data","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/tem47","usgsCitation":"Hendricks, T., 1947, Best site for black shale mining on the basis of current data: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Memorandum 47, 3 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tem47.","productDescription":"3 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192971,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a52e4b07f02db62ae40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hendricks, Thomas A.","contributorId":48041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendricks","given":"Thomas A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70222220,"text":"70222220 - 1947 - Preliminary report on stratigraphy and structure of the Wolf Creek anticline, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-31T20:27:40.432093","indexId":"70222220","displayToPublicDate":"1947-12-31T17:44:11","publicationYear":"1947","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5963,"text":"Geological Investigations, Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, Alaska","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"14","subseriesTitle":"Preliminary Report","title":"Preliminary report on stratigraphy and structure of the Wolf Creek anticline, Alaska","docAbstract":"In 1946 U. S. Geological Survey Party 2 was assigned the task of carrying out detailed structural and stratigraphic investigations in the area of Maybe Creek*. Field studies indicated the presence of a large anticlinal structure whose axis lies just south of Wolf Creek. Later structural data compiled from aerial photographic studies indicated that the anticline is a closed structure 8-9 miles long, and as much as 6 miles wide. The evidence for a closure on the east end of the structure appears very strong, but not enough evidence was obtained to prove closure on the west end. In 1947 U. S. Geological Survey Party 1 spent two weeks at Wolf Creek, mapping bedding traces on the west end of the structure with plane table and alidade, in an attempt to prove or disprove west closure on the anticline. Party 1, consisting of 3 geologists, cook, and a \"weasel\" mechanic, left Umiat on July 21, and returned on August 5. Two \"weasels\" were used for the transportation of the party and equipment, and were also used extensively in mapping the area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70222220","usgsCitation":"Stefansson, K., Thurrell, R.F., and Zumberge, J.H., 1947, Preliminary report on stratigraphy and structure of the Wolf Creek anticline, Alaska: Geological Investigations, Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, Alaska 14, Report: 2 p.; 1 Figure: 32.79 x 20.40 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/70222220.","productDescription":"Report: 2 p.; 1 Figure: 32.79 x 20.40 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":387330,"rank":1,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_74568.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":396838,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222220/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":401399,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222220/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401400,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222220/figure-1.pdf","text":"Figure 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Wolf Creek anticline","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -153.8333,\n 69.3333\n ],\n [\n -153,\n 69.3333\n ],\n [\n -153,\n 69.5\n ],\n [\n -153.8333,\n 69.5\n ],\n [\n -153.8333,\n 69.3333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stefansson, Karl","contributorId":61296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stefansson","given":"Karl","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurrell, R. F. Jr.","contributorId":43024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurrell","given":"R.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zumberge, J. H.","contributorId":22021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zumberge","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70222084,"text":"70222084 - 1947 - Preliminary report on stratigraphy and structure of the area of Kigalik and Awuna Rivers, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-31T20:25:08.009678","indexId":"70222084","displayToPublicDate":"1947-12-31T17:15:22","publicationYear":"1947","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5963,"text":"Geological Investigations, Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, Alaska","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"11","subseriesTitle":"Preliminary Report","title":"Preliminary report on stratigraphy and structure of the area of Kigalik and Awuna Rivers, Alaska","docAbstract":"During the summer of. 1947, U. S. Geological Survey Party No. 2 made a reconnaissance survey of the area between Awuna River and the divide north of the Kigalik River. The westernmost observations were made along the Awuna anticline to longitude about 157°30' W. and along the Kigalik anticline to longitude about 156°55'W. The easternmost work was done along the Knife Blade Ridge anticline at a longitude of about 154°30'W. Not all of this area was traversed, but a general idea of the area studied may be had by noting the distribution of dip and strike symbols on Figure 1.
Parts of this area had been previously visited by Smith 1/ in 1927 as a part of his traverse from Allakaket to the Arctic Coast. In the period from about July 10 to August 5 his party ascended the Awuna River and Birthday Creek, portaged over the Kigalik-Awuna divide at Birthday Pass, and descended the Kigalik River to its mouth.
Various parties in the field season of 1946 worked in areas not far distant. Webber 2/ began his field work near the headwaters of the Meade River and measured a section across the Kigalik anticline about 25 miles beyond the westernmost observations made on that structure by Party No. 2. Work by Chapman and Thurrell 3/ along the Colville River parallels at a distance of three or four miles work by Party No. 2 in the vicinity of Knife Blade Ridge. The easternmost observations by Party No. 2 in the vicinity of Knife Blade Ridge are about 11 miles west of the area south of Maybe Creek mapped by Ray and Fischer.4/
Of the 1947 work of other field parties that of Thurrell 5/ along the Colville River is most closely related to this report. His thickness from the base of Zone A to his Trace No. 5 is included in Column 1 of Figure 3. Webber's work 6/ along the Ikpikpuk and Titaluk Rivers is also in a closely related area.
Party No. 2 moved through this area by weasel, the weasels being used extensively on the daily traverses. The party assembled at Umiat late in May and was flown out to a lake about one mile west of the Ikpikpuk River at latitude 69°40' N. where the weasels and initial supplies had been previously cached. Early in June the party moved south into the area in which it was to begin work. For the next several weeks the party worked in the area north of the Kigalik River, moving westward along the divide north of that river. At this time considerable work was done south of the Kigalik River, west of longitude 154°40'W. No closure was detected along the Kigalik anticline. Shortly after the middle of July the party moved southwestward to the vicinity of the Awuna anticline where a westerly plunge had been suggested from the study of aerial photographs. The general route of the party from then on was eastward along the divide between the Awuna and Kigalik Rivers. Due to the need to reach a food cache further east very little data was gathered in the area between Birthday and Section Creeks. It was intended to work this area by one or two spike trips from the camp at the head of Section Creek. However, after constructing a cross-section from data gathered by the party along Section Creek and by Thurreli in the area between the Colville and Awuna Rivers it became apparent that the strata exposed along the axis of the Awuna anticline were stratigraphically below the base of Zone A. It thus appeared that there would be little point in attempting to gather additional data in the area between Birthday and Section Creeks. The party continued eastward, working along the south flank of the Kigalik anticline. On September 1, the party camped about one mile west of the summit of Knife Blade Ridge. Because of unfavorable weather at this time only a small amount of field work was accomplished in the next week. Enough data was gathered to give a general picture of the structure here, but the data on stratigraphy and structure is far from exhaustive. On September 9 the party moved eastward, camping that night about 3 miles northeast of :Wolf Creek, and arriving at Umiat on the afternoon of September 10.
Aerial photographs were carried in the field and used to record the points at which observations were made. A considerable amount of data was recorded on the photographs. Approximate elevations were obtained, at first by aneroid barometers, and later by more sensitive airplane altimeters. Plane table and alidade were used in local traverses in the area north of the Kigalik River to obtain dips and strikes by the 'three-point method. Nearly all other dips and strikes recorded were measured by Brunton compass. Dips of 5° or less in the area south of the Kigalik River should, in general, be considered as dip components with only the approximate strike shown. These low dips were taken on bedding traces* where it was usually impossible to observe an accurate strike with the Brunton.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70222084","usgsCitation":"Whittington, C.L., and Troyer, M.L., 1947, Preliminary report on stratigraphy and structure of the area of Kigalik and Awuna Rivers, Alaska: Geological Investigations, Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, Alaska 11, Report: 9 p.; 3 Plates: 54.47 x 24.76 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/70222084.","productDescription":"Report: 9 p.; 3 Plates: 54.47 x 24.76 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":401385,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222084/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401386,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222084/figure-1.pdf","text":"Figure 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401387,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222084/figure-2.pdf","text":"Figure 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401388,"rank":6,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222084/figure-3.pdf","text":"Figure 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":387247,"rank":1,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_74566.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":396835,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222084/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"area of the Kigalik and Awuna Rivers","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -157.5,\n 69\n ],\n [\n -154.3333,\n 69\n ],\n [\n -154.3333,\n 69.4167\n ],\n [\n -157.5,\n 69.4167\n ],\n [\n -157.5,\n 69\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whittington, C. L.","contributorId":33310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whittington","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Troyer, M. L.","contributorId":13672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Troyer","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70210448,"text":"70210448 - 1947 - Stratigraphy and structure of the area of Maybe Creek","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-31T20:13:22.94605","indexId":"70210448","displayToPublicDate":"1947-12-31T15:46:03","publicationYear":"1947","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5963,"text":"Geological Investigations, Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, Alaska","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"4","title":"Stratigraphy and structure of the area of Maybe Creek","docAbstract":"During the summer of 1946 the United States Geological Survey continued its program of stratigraphic and structural investigations in Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, northern Alaska. This report summarizes the results of work in the area of Maybe Creek (see inset, fig. 1). The area studied is southwest of Umiat and includes about 500 square miles lying generally between the headwaters and mouth of Maybe Creek. Structural data covering approximately 250 square miles of this area has been compiled from aerial photographic studies. The area is bordered generally on the north by the lake country and on the west by the Ikpikpuk River. Most of the area is north of Maybe Creek except for that part extending for 6 miles south of Maybe Creek between longitudes 153° 30' W. and 154° 20' W. The latitude of Maybe Creek is about 69° 15' N. The stream flows generally westward and at longitude 154° 40' W. unites with the eastward-flowing Kigalik River to form the Ikpikpuk River, which has a northerly course across the Arctic Slope to the ocean.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70210448","usgsCitation":"Ray, R.G., and Fischer, W., 1947, Stratigraphy and structure of the area of Maybe Creek: Geological Investigations, Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, Alaska 4, Report: 10 p.; 4 Figures: 36.61 x 24.22 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/70210448.","productDescription":"Report: 10 p.; 4 Figures: 36.61 x 24.22 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":401190,"rank":7,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210448/figure-4.pdf","text":"Figure 4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401189,"rank":6,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210448/figure-3.pdf","text":"Figure 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401188,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210448/figure-2.pdf","text":"Figure 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401187,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210448/figure-1.pdf","text":"Figure 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401186,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210448/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":375318,"rank":1,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_74595.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":396579,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210448/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Maybe Creek area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154.8333,\n 69.150\n ],\n [\n -153,\n 69.150\n ],\n [\n -153,\n 69.5\n ],\n [\n -154.8333,\n 69.5\n ],\n [\n -154.8333,\n 69.150\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ray, Richard G.","contributorId":29802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ray","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":836509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fischer, William A.","contributorId":47787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"William A.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":836510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70222264,"text":"70222264 - 1947 - Preliminary report on the general geology and engineering geology of Noonan quadrangle, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-01T21:21:30.213546","indexId":"70222264","displayToPublicDate":"1947-12-31T15:15:29","publicationYear":"1947","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Preliminary report on the general geology and engineering geology of Noonan quadrangle, North Dakota","docAbstract":"The Noonan quadrangle is in northwestern North Dakota adjacent to the Dominion of Canada and approximately 35 miles east of Montana. The small coal-mining, farm, and railroad town of Noonan is located near the eastern edge of this sparsely populated area. The east-west State Highway 5 bisects the quadrangle.
Cultural development in this area depends largely on agricultural exploitation of the glacial deposits that mantle the bedrock. For this reason, emphasis in this report is on the description, classification, and analysis of the surficial deposits.
The geologic map is the base of the report. The map explanation includes a description of the material found in the various deposits along with the distinctive topographic and lithologic characteristics. Most of the text and the analyses of samples are written in tabular form so that specific information may be easily found. Depth relations may be determined from the cross section attached and the data on the map page.
Most of the subsurface data in this report are inferred from drill-hole logs and water-well information provided by the North Dakota State Geological Survey, the U. S. Bureau of Reclamation, and the Ground Water Division of the U. S. Geological Survey.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70222264","usgsCitation":"Townsend, R., 1947, Preliminary report on the general geology and engineering geology of Noonan quadrangle, North Dakota: Open-File Report, Report: 7 p.; 5 Plates: 32.52 x 55.00 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/70222264.","productDescription":"Report: 7 p.; 5 Plates: 32.52 x 55.00 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":401626,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222264/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401625,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222264/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401624,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222264/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401627,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222264/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401623,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222264/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401622,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222264/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":387365,"rank":1,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_8841.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":396965,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222264/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Noonan quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -103.25,\n 48.75\n ],\n [\n -103,\n 48.75\n ],\n [\n -103,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -103.25,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -103.25,\n 48.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Townsend, R. C.","contributorId":6524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Townsend","given":"R. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70206791,"text":"70206791 - 1947 - Delineation of parallel folds and measurement of stratigraphic dimensions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-21T15:02:15","indexId":"70206791","displayToPublicDate":"1947-12-31T14:56:15","publicationYear":"1947","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Delineation of parallel folds and measurement of stratigraphic dimensions","docAbstract":"The delineation of parallel folds in structural sections, and the extraction therefrom of stratigraphic information, has generally been done with considerable personal interpretation. If profiles must be drawn, or sections measured, from structural observations used in pairs, this is unavoidable; but superior results may be obtained if more than two observations are simultaneously utilized. The first section of this paper is an exposition of the method of evolute and involutes, which is applicable if three or more observations are available, lying in or close to a profile plane that is normal to the strike of a series of folded rocks. Parallel curves, which in certain sections represent the traces of parallel stratigraphic surfaces, are necessarily involutes that may be generated from one or more evolutes. It is more practical to derive an evolute, and to construct from it a set of parallel curves, than it is to draw such curves directly. Simple graphical methods are given for the construction of evolutes from different sets of structural data, and for the subsequent derivation of parallel curves. An examination of the resulting evolutes and involutes shows that most of them may be represented by the equation y = axn, if suitable values are assigned to the parameters a and n. The second section of the paper is an exposition of methods that apply to the measurement of stratigraphic thickness, or other stratigraphic dimensions, if structural observations must be used in pairs. Four methods are discussed, which are known as the method of mean strikes and dips, the method of integrated trigonometric functions, the method of skew-line normals, and the method of integrated strikes and dips. The last named of these is a new method, which yields a mean value for the strike or dip, utilizing indirectly the concept of concentric arcs. A formula for mean dip (or mean strike) is derived, which has been computed for all values from 0° to 90°, at intervals of 5°. The results of this computation are given in a chart, which is used for the graphical computation of these values and for interpolation to less than 5°. The mean values of strike and dip that are thus obtained are substituted in any formula for stratigraphic dimensions that applies to a homoclinal sequence of rocks. Under the topic of Errors and Differences, it is shown that the error resulting from the application of the method of evolute and involutes is small and is dependent mainly upon original errors in the determination of strike and dip. When observations are used in pairs, however, the resulting error may be much larger. If certain enumerated conditions are favorable, this error may be 10 per cent or less; but under unfavorable conditions, it may be 100 per cent or more. © 1947, The Geological Society of America, Inc.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1947)58[779:DOPFAM]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Mertie, J., 1947, Delineation of parallel folds and measurement of stratigraphic dimensions: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 58, no. 8, p. 779-802, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1947)58[779:DOPFAM]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"24 p. ","startPage":"779","endPage":"802","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":369413,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"58","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mertie, J.B. Jr.","contributorId":29383,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mertie","given":"J.B.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":775758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70210457,"text":"70210457 - 1947 - Stratigraphy and structure of the area of the Kurupa, Oolamnagavik, Killik, and Colville Rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-31T20:16:40.088704","indexId":"70210457","displayToPublicDate":"1947-12-31T14:41:21","publicationYear":"1947","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5963,"text":"Geological Investigations, Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, Alaska","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"5","title":"Stratigraphy and structure of the area of the Kurupa, Oolamnagavik, Killik, and Colville Rivers","docAbstract":"The area between 68° 3C' and 69° 08 N. latitude and between 154° and 155° 20 W. longitude was covered by U. S. Geological Survey party 4 during the period May 18 to September 2. Traverses were confined mainly to the valleys of the Kurupa, Oolamnagavik, and Colville Rivers inasmuch as very little rock is exposed in the interstream areas. This report is a compilation of the field data and of the results of office and laboratory work on rock specimens, fossils, and aerial photographs of the area. An interpretation of the structure and stratigraphy of this area is presented, and possible correlations with the Killik River area to the east are suggested. Some revisions of the conclusions in this report may become necessary in the light of further field work in adjacent areas and heavy mineral studies, but it is believed that any changes will not materially alter the geologic picture of the area.
Complete chemical analyses, including the spectrographic determination of 44 trace elements, have been made of six representative specimens from each of the six map units constituting the Oliverian magma series in the Mt. Washington quadrangle of New Hampshire. Potash is systematically higher than soda. An increase in silica, which ranges from 56 to 75 per cent, is accompanied by the usual variation of the other principal oxides; lime, magnesia, and total iron decrease in the more siliceous rocks, whereas potash and soda increase at first and then decline. Potash is 1.5 to 3 per cent higher than soda throughout the series.
With increasing silica content Cr2O3, NiO, SrO, V2O5, and BaO decrease, but ZnO increases. Comparisons with other parts of the world, especially northwestern Europe, suggest some systematic differences from New Hampshire, but the data are insufficient to justify any definite conclusions.
The calculation of modes from the chemical analyses necessitates a discussion of the methods involved and the possible errors. It is believed that in these rocks the modes can be calculated with relatively small errors. An unexplained excess of alumina in the modes, ranging from 0.0 to 1.0 per cent, may be due to more sericite and clay minerals in the rocks than the content of water suggests.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1947)58[573:CAACMO]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Billings, M., and Rabbitt, J., 1947, Chemical analyses and calculated modes of the Oliverian magma series, Mt. Washington Quadrangle, New Hampshire : GSA Bulletin, v. 58, no. 7, p. 573-596, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1947)58[573:CAACMO]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"573","endPage":"596","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":378820,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Hampsire","otherGeospatial":"Mt. Washington Quadrangle","volume":"58","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Billings, M.P.","contributorId":42948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Billings","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rabbitt, J.C.","contributorId":83998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rabbitt","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70214495,"text":"70214495 - 1947 - Value of the electrical log for estimating ground‐water supplies and the quality of the ground water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-28T16:48:35.971111","indexId":"70214495","displayToPublicDate":"1947-09-28T11:35:43","publicationYear":"1947","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Value of the electrical log for estimating ground‐water supplies and the quality of the ground water","docAbstract":"This paper gives a brief summary of studies of the value of the electrical log for estimating ground‐water supplies and the quality of the water in them made in Texas by the United States Geological Survey and cooperating parties.
The electrical log has been found to be especially valuable in the Coastal Plain Region of Texas where the rocks consist mostly of a succession of clays or shales or sandy clays or shales lnterbedded with sands or sandstones. In that region the electrical log has been found to be more useful than the driller's log for correlating the principal water‐bearing horizons over wide areas. The log by itself is not an indicator of the permeability of the water‐bearing beds, nor a safe guide as to the quality of the water in them, but if it is studied in connection with other data, it is sure to tell an interesting and instructive story. Thus far in Texas no extensive studies have been made of the value of the electrical log in limestone aquifers or in sand or sandstone aquifers associated with limestone.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR028i006p00903","usgsCitation":"Barnes, B., and Livingston, P., 1947, Value of the electrical log for estimating ground‐water supplies and the quality of the ground water: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 28, no. 6, p. 903-911, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR028i006p00903.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"903","endPage":"911","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":378813,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Galveston","otherGeospatial":"Galveston County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.3668212890625,\n 28.86391842622456\n ],\n [\n -94.658203125,\n 29.348663646523626\n ],\n [\n -94.98779296875,\n 29.649868677972304\n ],\n [\n -95.60302734375,\n 29.286398892934763\n ],\n [\n -95.3668212890625,\n 28.86391842622456\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnes, B.A.","contributorId":241619,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnes","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Livingston, Penn","contributorId":104977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livingston","given":"Penn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70095691,"text":"tei36 - 1947 - Present investigations of radioactive raw materials by the Geological Survey and a recommended program for future work","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-27T14:56:30","indexId":"tei36","displayToPublicDate":"1947-01-01T15:25:00","publicationYear":"1947","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"36","title":"Present investigations of radioactive raw materials by the Geological Survey and a recommended program for future work","docAbstract":"The Geological Survey's program of investigation of radioactive raw materials is presented herewith under present investigations, plans for future investigations, plan of operation, and cost of operation. This report was prepared at the request of the Atomic Energy Commission.
\nPresent investigations are summarized to show the scope of the present Trace Elements program, grouping individual projects into related types of investigations.
\nPlans for future investigations on an expanded scale are outlined. These should provide sufficient data and knowledge of the occurrence and availability of uranium, thorium, and related elements, to permit a more complete evaluation of domestic resources. Reconnaissance projects are designed to discover possible new sources of uranium and thorium and to select areas and materials warranting further investigation. Typical projects leading to the estimation of reserves are the investigation of the carnotite ores of the Colorado Plateau by geologic mapping, exploratory drilling, and related research, and investigation of asphaltic sandstone in Emery County, Utah. Extensive research will be undertaken to establish the principles governing the geological and geochemical relations of uranium, thorium, and associated elements as an essential guide in appraising domestic resources. Particular emphasis will be placed on phosphatic rocks and black shales which offer ultimate resources of uranium far greater than carnotite ores. All the foregoing investigations will be accompanied by chemical, gephysical, and mineralogical research and analytical work.
\nUnder plan of operation is discussed the organization of the Trace Elements Unit, space requirements for laboratory and office, the scheduling of investigations, and other related problems. The proposed scheduling of work calls for approximately 109, 173, and 203 man years in fiscal years 1948, 1949, and 1950 respectively. Definite plans have been formulated only for the next three fiscal years, by which time it is assumed the program will reach stable proportions or can be altered as experience dictates.
\nUnder cost of operation is set forth the funds available in fiscal year 1947, the status of funds transferred from Atomic Services (14-217/80920), and funds necessary in succeeding fiscal years. The estimate for fiscal year 1948 inclues a non-recurring item of $1,025,000 for establishing adequate laboratories for chemical, physical, spectrographic and mineralogic research and analytical work. The total funds required in fiscal years 1948, 1949, and 1950 to support the proposed program will be $2,440,000, $2,161,000 and $2,198,000 respectively. The Geological survey anticipates contributing from its appropriation in fiscal years 1948, 1949 and 1950 approximately $243,000, $350,000, and $400,000 respectively; the balance of the necessary funds to be contributed by the Atomic Energy Commission in fiscal years 1948, 1949, and 1950 will be approximately $2,196,900, $1,811,000, and $1,798,000 respectively.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei36","usgsCitation":"Butler, A., and Stead, F., 1947, Present investigations of radioactive raw materials by the Geological Survey and a recommended program for future work: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 36, iv, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tei36.","productDescription":"iv, 36 p.","numberOfPages":"43","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":283499,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tei36.jpg"},{"id":284496,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0036/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5355952be4b0120853e8c15e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butler, A.P. Jr.","contributorId":22414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"A.P.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stead, F.W.","contributorId":42653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stead","given":"F.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70178708,"text":"70178708 - 1946 - Ground water in Pavant Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-09T11:30:25","indexId":"70178708","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1946","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":294,"text":"Technical Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"3","title":"Ground water in Pavant Valley","docAbstract":"The users of wells for irrigation in Pavant Valley, particularly in the Flowell district, have long been cognizant of their utter dependency upon ground water for livelihood, and were among the first in the State to make an organized effort to conserve supplies by prevention of waste. Since passage of the State ground-water law in 1935, the State Engineer has not approved applications for new wells in the areas of most concentrated development, and has deferred adjudication of existing water rights until adequate data concerning the ground-water resources become available. The investigation of ground-water resources in Pavant Valley was suggested by the State Engineer and constitutes one of a series that are being made in the important groundwater basins of Utah by the Federal Geological Survey in cooperation with the State Engineer. The investigation was under the general supervision of Oscar E. Meinzer, geologist in charge of the ground-water division of the Federal Geological Survey. H. E. Thomas, in charge of groundwater investigations in Utah, returned from military service overseas in time to assist in the completion of the manuscript, and edited the report.
","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","usgsCitation":"Dennis, P., Maxey, G.B., and Thomas, H.E., 1946, Ground water in Pavant Valley: Technical Publication 3, 96 p. .","productDescription":"96 p. ","numberOfPages":"102","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331482,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":331480,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/libview.exe?Modinfo=Viewpub&LIBNUM=20-4-080"},{"id":331481,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://waterrights.utah.gov/docSys/v920/w920/w9200082.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Millard County","otherGeospatial":"Pavant Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.664794921875,\n 38.68443777679761\n ],\n [\n -112.664794921875,\n 39.257778150283364\n ],\n [\n -111.983642578125,\n 39.257778150283364\n ],\n [\n -111.983642578125,\n 38.68443777679761\n ],\n [\n -112.664794921875,\n 38.68443777679761\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58468aefe4b04fc80e5236e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dennis, P. E.","contributorId":118921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dennis","given":"P. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maxey, G. B.","contributorId":76458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maxey","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomas, H. E.","contributorId":12829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70210409,"text":"70210409 - 1946 - Stratigraphy and structure of the area of the Killik, Chandler, Anaktuvuk, and Colville Rivers, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-31T20:05:30.42295","indexId":"70210409","displayToPublicDate":"1946-12-31T14:53:04","publicationYear":"1946","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5963,"text":"Geological Investigations, Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, Alaska","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"1","title":"Stratigraphy and structure of the area of the Killik, Chandler, Anaktuvuk, and Colville Rivers, Alaska","docAbstract":"This report deals with results of field and laboratory studies carried out to May 1946 by the Geological Survey, largely as part of the Navy Department's program of petroleum investigations in northern Alaska. The immediate purpose of the work has been to collect and interpret stratigraphic and structural data pertinent to drilling in the Umiat area.
Field studies were made during the summers of 1944 and 1945 in the drainage areas of the Colville, Killik, Chandler, and. Anaktuvuk Rivers (fig. 1). Paleontologic and microlithologic studies, together with stratigrahica1 and structural analysis of the areas, were carried out in the petroleum laboratory in Fairbanks. This work led. to preparation of a preliminary report submitted. in December, 1945.
Additional detailed studies, in the Survey laboratories and offices in Washington, D. C., have resulted in some modification of earlier conclusions and changes in illustrations. The changes are minor and have no significant bearing on drilling in the Umiat area.
The present report is accompanied. by revised conies of figures 1, 2, 3 (sheet 1) and. 5. These illustrations should be substituted for the comparable figures of the preliminary report. Figures 3 (sheet 2), 4, and. 6 of the earlier report stand unchanged and should, be added to the illustrations accompanying the present report.
It is believed that work to date has revealed the general geologic picture of the area and. that the sequence of Upper Cretaceous rocks is established. The section of rocks in Umiat Test No. 1 has been approximately located within the sequence.
This report, and the work on which it is based was done under the supervision of George O. Gates, who has contributed. much to the study.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70210409","usgsCitation":"Payne, T., Warner, L., Kirschner, C.E., Gryc, G., Stefansson, K., Webber, E.J., Fellows, R.E., Chapman, R.M., and Bressler, C.T., 1946, Stratigraphy and structure of the area of the Killik, Chandler, Anaktuvuk, and Colville Rivers, Alaska: Geological Investigations, Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, Alaska 1, Report: 32 p.; 12 Figures: 40.32 x 70.08 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/70210409.","productDescription":"Report: 32 p.; 12 Figures: 40.32 x 70.08 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":401069,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210409/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":375254,"rank":1,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_74593.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":396523,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210409/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":401081,"rank":15,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210409/figure-8.pdf","text":"Figure 8","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401080,"rank":14,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210409/figure-7.pdf","text":"Figure 7","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401079,"rank":13,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210409/figure-6.pdf","text":"Figure 6","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401078,"rank":12,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210409/figure-5-2.pdf","text":"Figure 5 Sheet 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401077,"rank":11,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210409/figure-5-1.pdf","text":"Figure 5 Sheet 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401076,"rank":10,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210409/figure-4-south.pdf","text":"Figure 4 South","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401075,"rank":9,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210409/figure-4-north.pdf","text":"Figure 4 North","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401074,"rank":8,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210409/figure-3-2.pdf","text":"Figure 3 Sheet 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401073,"rank":7,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210409/figure-3-1.pdf","text":"Figure 3 Sheet 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401072,"rank":6,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210409/figure-2-2.pdf","text":"Figure 2 Sheet 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401071,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210409/figure-2-1.pdf","text":"Figure 2 Sheet 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401070,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210409/figure-1.pdf","text":"Figure 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Anaktuvuk River, Chandler River, Colville River, River, Killik River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154,\n 68\n ],\n [\n -151,\n 68\n ],\n [\n -151,\n 69.5\n ],\n [\n -154,\n 69.5\n ],\n [\n -154,\n 68\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Payne, T. G.","contributorId":284853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Payne","given":"T. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":836273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warner, L.A.","contributorId":99611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":836274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirschner, C. E.","contributorId":116415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirschner","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":836275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gryc, George","contributorId":23942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gryc","given":"George","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":836276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stefansson, Karl","contributorId":61296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stefansson","given":"Karl","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":836277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Webber, Edward J.","contributorId":25583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webber","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":836278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fellows, R. E.","contributorId":91919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fellows","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":836279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Chapman, R. M.","contributorId":47380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":836280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bressler, C. T.","contributorId":70053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bressler","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":836281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70222251,"text":"70222251 - 1946 - Preliminary report on stratigraphy and structure of the Umiat anticline","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-01T21:15:01.610256","indexId":"70222251","displayToPublicDate":"1946-12-31T14:42:03","publicationYear":"1946","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5963,"text":"Geological Investigations, Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, Alaska","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"6","subseriesTitle":"Preliminary Report","title":"Preliminary report on stratigraphy and structure of the Umiat anticline","docAbstract":"During the summer of 1946 the United States Geological Survey, as part of its program of stratigraphic and structural investigations in the Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, had one field party investigating the Umiat area.
The stratigraphy of the area was already fairly well known from earlier investigations. The main object of this investigation was to delineate, in as much detail as possible, the Umiat anticline in the are of Umiat Test No. 1.
Outcrops in the Umiat area are few. Direct compass readings for strikes and dips of bedding cannot be trusted since cross-bedding. slumping, and frost-heaving are the rule rather than the exception. `structural data was obtained by use of a plane table and alidade by the three-point method. On the accompanying geologic map many of the strikes and dips shown were obtained by solving three-point problems. Additional structural data was obtained by mapping structural traces.*
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70222251","usgsCitation":"Stefansson, K., and Whittington, C.L., 1946, Preliminary report on stratigraphy and structure of the Umiat anticline: Geological Investigations, Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, Alaska 6, Report: 6 p.; 3 Plates: 48.05 x 34.20 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/70222251.","productDescription":"Report: 6 p.; 3 Plates: 48.05 x 34.20 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":401619,"rank":6,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222251/figure-3.pdf","text":"Figure 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401618,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222251/figure-2.pdf","text":"Figure 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401617,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222251/figure-1.pdf","text":"Figure 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401616,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222251/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":387359,"rank":1,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_74564.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":396963,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222251/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Umiat anticline","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.5,\n 69.3333\n ],\n [\n -151.816,\n 69.3333\n ],\n [\n -151.816,\n 69.4667\n ],\n [\n -152.5,\n 69.4667\n ],\n [\n -152.5,\n 69.3333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stefansson, Karl","contributorId":61296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stefansson","given":"Karl","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whittington, C. L.","contributorId":33310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whittington","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70222083,"text":"70222083 - 1946 - Preliminary report on the stratigraphy and structure of the Kurupa, Colville, and Oolamnagavik Rivers, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-31T20:24:01.910966","indexId":"70222083","displayToPublicDate":"1946-11-01T16:27:50","publicationYear":"1946","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5963,"text":"Geological Investigations, Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, Alaska","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"1","subseriesTitle":"Preliminary Report","title":"Preliminary report on the stratigraphy and structure of the Kurupa, Colville, and Oolamnagavik Rivers, Alaska","docAbstract":"U. S. Geological Survey Party No. 4 covered the area between 68° 30' and 69° 08' N. latitude and between 154° and 155°20' W. longitude during the period May 18 to September 2. Traverses were confined mainly to the valleys of the Kurupa, Colville, and Oolamnagavik Rivers inasmuch as very little rock is exposed in the interstream areas. This report is limited to the Colville River valley area between the Kura and Killik Rivers, and to a stratigraphic section exposed. on the Kurupa 7-12 miles south of the Colville.
A final report will be prepared by April 1, 1947, on the total area and will include discussions of the stratigraphy and structure of Upper Cretaceous formations A through D on the Oolamnagavik and Kurupa, the stratigraphy of Formation D on the Colville, and the Lower Cretaceous and Triassic rocks. Separation and identification of heavy minerals from the sandstones and conglomerates, binocular and petrographic microscope examinations of specimens, identification of megafossils, and separation and identification of microfossils, if any, will be undertaken. Detailed examination of all aerial photos will be made to trace out structures and formations in the adjacent areas to the east, north, and west. It seems probable that close correlation between this area, the Killik River area, and Maybe Creek area will be possible by extrapolating field and aerial photo data. It is possible also to trace structures and some formation westward from the Kurupa River.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70222083","usgsCitation":"Chapman, R., and Thurrell, R.F., 1946, Preliminary report on the stratigraphy and structure of the Kurupa, Colville, and Oolamnagavik Rivers, Alaska: Geological Investigations, Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, Alaska 1, Report: 11 p.; 2 Plates: 51.68 x 36.09 inches and 9.71 x 31.29 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/70222083.","productDescription":"Report: 11 p.; 2 Plates: 51.68 x 36.09 inches and 9.71 x 31.29 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":401382,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222083/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401383,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222083/figure-1.pdf","text":"Figure 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401384,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222083/figure-2.pdf","text":"Figure 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":396834,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70222083/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":387245,"rank":1,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_74562.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kurupa, Colville, and Oolamnagavik Rivers","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.25,\n 68.8333\n ],\n [\n -153.8333,\n 68.8333\n ],\n [\n -153.8333,\n 69.1667\n ],\n [\n -155.25,\n 69.1667\n ],\n [\n -155.25,\n 68.8333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapman, Robert M.","contributorId":81888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Robert M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurrell, R. F. Jr.","contributorId":43024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurrell","given":"R.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70178707,"text":"70178707 - 1945 - The Ogden Valley artesian reservoir","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-09T11:30:45","indexId":"70178707","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1945","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":294,"text":"Technical Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"2","title":"The Ogden Valley artesian reservoir","docAbstract":"Ogden Valley, in Weber County, Utah, contains an artesian reservoir from which the city of Ogden obtains all except a small part of its municipal water supply. A detailed investigation of the ground-water resources of Ogden Valley, and particularly of this artesian reservoir, was made by the Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior, in cooperation with the city of Ogden between 1932 and 1934, and the results of this investigation have been reported by Leggette and Taylor.1 The present paper, which might be termed a sequel to that report, is based on data collected during those years, augmented by records that have been obtained (1935-1940) by the Geological Survey as part of a State-wide project in cooperation with the Utah State Engineer. The conclusions drawn from the study of these records and presented in detail in the following pages are as follows: (1) The artesian reservoir is filled to capacity nearly every year during the spring run-off from melting snow; (2) after the annual freshet, the recharge to the reservoir is insufficient to balance the discharge from artesian wells, which ordinarily is at a maximum during the summer; the reservoir is depleted and is not filled again until the following spring; (3) during the periods when the artesian reservoir is not full the rate of recharge is more or less proportional to the inflow to the valley by streams, except that rain on the recharge area may be of sufficient intensity to contribute some water by infiltration and deep penetration; and (4) the artesian reservoir thus serves to store water that would otherwise be lost to Great Salt Lake in the excess spring overflow, and available records indicate that water used by increased draft from wells would be replenished in normal years by increased recharge during the spring freshet.
","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","usgsCitation":"Thomas, H.E., 1945, The Ogden Valley artesian reservoir: Technical Publication 2, 37 p.","productDescription":"37 p.","numberOfPages":"39","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331476,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":331475,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://waterrights.utah.gov/docSys/v920/w920/w9200081.pdf"},{"id":331474,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/libview.exe?Modinfo=Viewpub&LIBNUM=20-4-070"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Weber County","otherGeospatial":"Ogden Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.84562683105469,\n 41.25148375190403\n ],\n [\n -111.74606323242188,\n 41.23134745732574\n ],\n [\n -111.74400329589844,\n 41.29276955352782\n ],\n [\n -111.80992126464844,\n 41.313918406594375\n ],\n [\n -111.84906005859375,\n 41.29586493605656\n ],\n [\n -111.84562683105469,\n 41.25148375190403\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58468af0e4b04fc80e5236e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, H. E.","contributorId":12829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":57119,"text":"ofr45111 - 1945 - Chemical analyses of surface waters in Oklahoma, September - December, 1944","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-21T07:06:30","indexId":"ofr45111","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1945","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"45-111","title":"Chemical analyses of surface waters in Oklahoma, September - December, 1944","docAbstract":"A preliminary survey of the industrial quality of surface waters in Oklahoma was started in August, 1944, by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Oklahoma Resources and Planning Board, with the Oklahoma A. & M. College, Engineering Experiment Station and Department of Chemistry.\nFrom September to December, 1944, three hundred and fifteen samples were obtained at eighty-four points where gages are maintained for measurement of discharge. Daily samples were collected at six stations, namely:
\nIllinois River near Gore, Oklahoma
\nCimarron River near Oilton, Oklahoma
\nCanadian River near Whitefield, Oklahoma
\nWashita River near Durwood, Oklahoma
\nRed River near Gainesville, Texas
\nRed River at Denison Dam, Texas
Sport samples were collected at the remainder of the stations. The analyses of the spot samples were made largely in a laboratory provided by the Oklahoma A. & M. College, under the supervision of Dr. O.M. Smith, Head, Department of Chemistry; Dr. S.R. Wood, Associate Professor of Chemistry; and W.W. Hastings, U.S. Geological Survey. The daily samples were analyzed in the water resources laboratory of the Geological Survey at Austin, Texas. These data have been summarized in a report to the Oklahoma Planning and Resources Board prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey, March 1, 1945.
\nThe streams of Oklahoma are classified into two major drainage basins: the Arkansas River and the Red River and their tributaries. The attached analyses are arranged in geographical order for their respective drainage basins, with records listed in downstream order for stations on the main stem first, followed by the analyses for the tributaries. When available, the mean daily discharge is given for the analyses.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/ofr45111","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Oklahoma Planning and Resources Board and with the Oklahoma A. & M. College Engineering Experiment Station and Department of Chemistry","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1945, Chemical analyses of surface waters in Oklahoma, September - December, 1944: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 45-111, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr45111.","productDescription":"51 p.","numberOfPages":"53","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287338,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287337,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1945/0111/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma;Texas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -103.0025,33.0191 ], [ -103.0025,37.0023 ], [ -94.4307,37.0023 ], [ -94.4307,33.0191 ], [ -103.0025,33.0191 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e49ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":533039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":55569,"text":"ofr4541 - 1945 - Engineering report on the Grayburg Cooperative and unit area, Eddy County, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-11T07:13:30","indexId":"ofr4541","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1945","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"45-41","title":"Engineering report on the Grayburg Cooperative and unit area, Eddy County, New Mexico","docAbstract":"This report covers the area committed to the Grayburg Cooperative and Unit Agreement (I-Sec. 370) approved by the Assistant Secretary of the Interior on October 5, 1943, hereafter referred to as the \"unit area\", embracing 4,769.44 acres of public land in T. 17 S., Rs. 29 and 30 E., Eddy County, New Mexico. The area includes portions of the Anderson, Grayburg-Jackson, and Leonard oil fields as defined for proration purposes by the New Mexico Oil Conservation Commission. The unit area is covered by Federal oil and gas leases owned by the Grayburg Oil Company of New Mexico and the Western Production Company, Inc. The Grayburg Unit Association has been formed and designated to conduct and manage all operations in the unit area. As of December 31, 1943, there were forty-six producing oil wells within the unit area.
\nThe report has been prepared for the purpose of assisting the Grayburg Unit Association in determining the proper locations of gas-injection wells and the best methods for future operation of the pressure-maintenance system that is being installed for the purpose of retarding the reservoir pressure decline and increasing the ultimate recovery of oil from the Grayburg Zone defined in the above-mentioned agreement as formations not more than 3300 feet below the surface. Data used in the report were obtained from records on file in the Geological Survey office at Roswell, New Mexico, and from the records of the Western Production Company and the Grayburg Oil Company. All data were carefully checked as to accuracy with engineers and field representatives of both companies.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr4541","usgsCitation":"Barnett, J., and Soyster, M.H., 1945, Engineering report on the Grayburg Cooperative and unit area, Eddy County, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 45-41, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr4541.","productDescription":"12 p.","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288229,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288228,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1945/0041/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Eddy County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.8522,31.9999 ], [ -104.8522,32.9656 ], [ -103.7223,32.9656 ], [ -103.7223,31.9999 ], [ -104.8522,31.9999 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602797","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnett, John A.","contributorId":65391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnett","given":"John A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soyster, Merwin H.","contributorId":106020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soyster","given":"Merwin","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":253729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70215108,"text":"70215108 - 1945 - Petrography, structures, and petrofabrics of the Pinckneyville quartz diorite, Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-07T16:45:01.736183","indexId":"70215108","displayToPublicDate":"1945-10-07T11:39:18","publicationYear":"1945","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Petrography, structures, and petrofabrics of the Pinckneyville quartz diorite, Alabama","docAbstract":"The Pinckneyville quartz diorite complex underlies an area in eastern Alabama extending from the Coosa River in northwest Elmore County northeast through Coosa and Tallapoosa counties into Clay County.
Dark-gray, coarse-grained quartz diorite gneiss constitutes the major part of the complex, but there are smaller amounts of granodiorite and granite gneiss. Hornblende-biotite gneisses also occur and are considered to represent metamorphosed basic sills and dikes intruded before the quartz diorite complex. Schist septa lie within the complex and are usually parallel to the regional strike. The sequence of intrusion as interpreted from inclusions and petrographic data is (1) quartz diorite, (2) granodiorite, (3) granite. Small but persistent amounts of allanite and epidote are characteristic of the rocks of the complex. The texture is subporphyritic and shows evidence of protoclastic deformation.
A northeast-southwest trend of inclusions, foliation, lineation, and contacts dominates. Primary flow structures are shown in the orientation of inclusions and micas. Secondary structures were superposed on the original flow structures shortly after intrusion and prior to complete consolidation. A prominent secondary structure is a lineation in b. Stretching in b is indicated by boudinage structures, the lineation, and small displacements of dikes. The intensity of the planar structures in the gneiss grades from strong to indistinct or lacking from east to west. Structures in schist inclusions indicate that some folding had taken place prior to intrusion.
Thin pegmatite, granodiorite, and granite dikes are common. Most of them are essentially parallel to the regional strike.
The petrographic boundary between gneiss and schist is always sharp. On a large scale, the gneiss structures are essentially parallel to the contacts, but slight to marked discordant relations occur at many localities. The schist structures usually parallel the contacts.
Petrofabric analysis confirms the structural field observations. The mica fabrics are ac-girdles and are most complete where the foliation is weakest. Microscopic s-planes do not always coincide with the observed foliation. The quartz fabrics are also ac-girdles but are not so well developed as the mica girdles. Quartz orientations cannot always be related to known s-planes.
It is concluded that the Pinckneyville quartz diorite complex represents a syntectonic intrusion—that is, that intrusion took place while external or regional forces were still active. The shape of the intrusion was controlled largely by the wall-rock structures which had developed earlier. The rocks show both igneous and metamorphic characteristics because the intrusion took place under regional metamorphic conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1945)56[181:PSAPOT]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Gault, H., 1945, Petrography, structures, and petrofabrics of the Pinckneyville quartz diorite, Alabama: GSA Bulletin, v. 56, no. 2, p. 181-246, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1945)56[181:PSAPOT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"84 p.","startPage":"181","endPage":"246","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379180,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","otherGeospatial":"Pinckeyville Quartz Diorite Complex","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.352783203125,\n 33.669496972795535\n ],\n [\n -86.24267578125,\n 33.54139466898275\n ],\n [\n -86.275634765625,\n 33.293803558346596\n ],\n [\n -86.671142578125,\n 32.90726224488304\n ],\n [\n -86.451416015625,\n 32.519026027827515\n ],\n [\n -86.187744140625,\n 32.37068286611427\n ],\n [\n -85.572509765625,\n 32.55607364492026\n ],\n [\n -85.60546875,\n 32.96258644191747\n ],\n [\n -85.220947265625,\n 33.054716488042736\n ],\n [\n -85.352783203125,\n 33.669496972795535\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gault, H.R.","contributorId":39042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gault","given":"H.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":800908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1059,"text":"wsp914 - 1944 - Texas floods of 1938 and 1939","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-22T10:24:12","indexId":"wsp914","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1944","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"914","title":"Texas floods of 1938 and 1939","docAbstract":"In January, June, and July 1938, and June 1939 parts of Texas experienced floods that exceeded previously recorded stages at many places and that were unusually high over reaches of several hundred miles on the streams of the State.
\nThis report presents records of precipitation at several hundred places; 10 isohyetal maps; records of peak stages and discharges and of daily mean discharges during the flood period at more than 30 river-measurement stations; hydrographs of discharge at 19 stations; records of suspended matter transported in stream channels by the flood; results of studies of rainfall and runoff; records of past floods in the Red, Sabine, and Colorado River Basins; and other data pertinent to the floods in Texas.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp914","usgsCitation":"Breeding, S., and Dalrymple, T., 1944, Texas floods of 1938 and 1939: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 914, vi, 116 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp914.","productDescription":"vi, 116 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":138084,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/0914/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":25734,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/0914/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c56f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breeding, Seth D.","contributorId":89505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breeding","given":"Seth D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dalrymple, Tate","contributorId":59420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalrymple","given":"Tate","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":2621,"text":"wsp889D - 1944 - Exploratory water-well drilling in the Houston District, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-19T14:52:17","indexId":"wsp889D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1944","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"889","chapter":"D","title":"Exploratory water-well drilling in the Houston District, Texas","docAbstract":"In the spring and summer of 1939 a program of exploratory drilling wad undertaken in the Houston district, Tx., in conjunction with a general initiation of the water resources of the district. The main purposes of the program were to determine the thickness and character of water-bearing sands down to a maximum depth of 2,000 feet, the chemical character of the water at different depths, and the artesian pressure and to provide additional observation wells for studying fluctuations in artesian pressure and possibilities of intrusion of salt water from the direction of the Gulf. Thirteen deep test wells, 5? inches in diameter and ranging in depth from 360 to 2,000 feet, were put down with a hydraulic rotary drill by the city of Houston. The combined drilling footage of all of the wells amounted to 17,460 feet, and their averse depth was 1,246 feet. All were electrically logged. Samples of cuttings were collected from the drilling mud after every 20 feet of drilling. In 6 of the wells sand samples were obtained by core drilling in beds at selected horizons, about 230 feet being recovered. A total of 15 samples of sand and water were obtained in 8 wells by the drill-stem method. Side-wall sampling was attempted. Six of the test holes were cased with 3? casing (inside diameter) and equipped with screens so that water-level measurements could be made and samples of water collected for chemical analyses , Selected sand samples were analyzed and tested in a field laboratory for mechanical composition, permeability, and porosity. The field and laboratory data were studied with special reference to the significance of the electrical logs. A comparison of the electrical logs of the test wells with the driller's logs shows that, on the whole, they agree remarkably well in fixing the upper and lower limits of the thicker beds of sand and clay, but that the agreement is not so close where the beds are thin. Variable results were obtained from attempts to correlate the second curve of the electrical log with the permeability and mechanical composition of the sand samples obtained by core drilling and drill-stem sampling. In the case of the core samples there was no apparent relationship between any of the three characteristics in well 3, but in well 5 a slight but distinct increase in the resistivity was accompanied by a large increase in permeability. In well 6 the resistivity in nearly every case varied with the permeability and coarseness of the samples. In well 6 the drilling mud was local clay enriched with Aquagel, whereas in wells 3 and 5 only local clay was used; the data obtained, however, are too meager to be used on a basis for even a tentative conclusion as to the effect of artificial mud on the correlations. In the 15 drill-stem sand samples the data show that, in general, the resistivity of sands having fluid content varies with but is not proportional to the permeability, but there seems to be little or no relationship between the coarseness of the sands and either the resistivity or the permeability. Studies of the relationship of the electrical logs to the salinity of the water indicate that increasing chloride is accompanied by decreasing resistivity. They suggest .that changes in the chloride content are accompanied by large changes in resistivity when the water contains less than 100 parts per million of chloride and by relatively small changes when the chloride content is over 100 parts per million. On the whole, the results of the test drilling from Houston tend to show that, although electrical logs give much information that is useful in the development of water wells, for the present at least these logs should be used in conjunction with driller's logs and drill-stem sampling of both sand and water in all the more promising sand horizons. The tests indicate that an average of 600 feet of .water-bearing sands occurs between the surface and a depth of 1,500 feet along the line of test wells we
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp889D","usgsCitation":"Rose, N.A., White, W.N., and Livingston, P.P., 1944, Exploratory water-well drilling in the Houston District, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 889, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp889D.","productDescription":"32 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":28935,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/0889d/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":138146,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/0889d/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f8b2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rose, Nicholas A.","contributorId":23924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, W. N.","contributorId":69954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Livingston, Penn Poore","contributorId":79452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livingston","given":"Penn","email":"","middleInitial":"Poore","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":55246,"text":"ofr4485 - 1944 - The geology and nickel-copper deposits of Yakobi Island, southeastern Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":55246,"text":"ofr4485 - 1944 - The geology and nickel-copper deposits of Yakobi Island, southeastern Alaska","indexId":"ofr4485","publicationYear":"1944","noYear":false,"title":"The geology and nickel-copper deposits of Yakobi Island, southeastern Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":34824,"text":"b947C - 1946 - Nickel investigations in southeastern Alaska","indexId":"b947C","publicationYear":"1946","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"Nickel investigations in southeastern Alaska"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":34824,"text":"b947C - 1946 - Nickel investigations in southeastern Alaska","indexId":"b947C","publicationYear":"1946","noYear":false,"title":"Nickel investigations in southeastern Alaska"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-11T21:47:19.367219","indexId":"ofr4485","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1944","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"44-85","title":"The geology and nickel-copper deposits of Yakobi Island, southeastern Alaska","docAbstract":"This report briefly describes the nickel-copper deposits of Yakobi Island, southeastern Alaska, as well as the general geology of the island. It also interprets and summarizes the geological data obtained during drilling tests in 1941 and 1942 by the Bureau of Mines and magnetometer exploration in 1943 by the Geological Survey of the nickel-copper deposits. These deposits have been described by Reed and Dorr and much detail has been omitted from this report, as it is available in this bulletin.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr4485","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, G.C., and Walton, M.S., 1944, The geology and nickel-copper deposits of Yakobi Island, southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 44-85, Report: 16 p.; 6 Plates: 14.82 x 20.08 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr4485.","productDescription":"Report: 16 p.; 6 Plates: 14.82 x 20.08 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":423402,"rank":8,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1944/0085/figure-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":423401,"rank":7,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1944/0085/figure-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":423400,"rank":6,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1944/0085/figure-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":423399,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1944/0085/figure-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":423398,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1944/0085/figure-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":423397,"rank":3,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1944/0085/figure-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":423390,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1944/0085/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":174003,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1944/0085/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yakobi Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -136.62364510795032,\n 58.125779992912356\n ],\n [\n -136.62364510795032,\n 57.84329926037063\n ],\n [\n -136.33800055980996,\n 57.84329926037063\n ],\n [\n -136.33800055980996,\n 58.125779992912356\n ],\n [\n -136.62364510795032,\n 58.125779992912356\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d996","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kennedy, George C.","contributorId":19201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":252999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walton, Matt S. Jr.","contributorId":33335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walton","given":"Matt","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":252998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":2978,"text":"wsp889C - 1944 - Ground-water resources of the Houston district, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-19T14:50:24","indexId":"wsp889C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1944","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"889","chapter":"C","title":"Ground-water resources of the Houston district, Texas","docAbstract":"This report covers the current phase of an investigation of the supply of ground water available for the Houston district and adjacent region, Texas,- that has been in progress during the past 10 years. The field operations included routine inventories of pumpage, measurements of water levels in observation wells and collection of other hydrologic data, pumping tests on 21 city-owned wells to determine coefficients of permeability and storage, and the drilling of 13 deep test wells in unexplored parts of the district. Considerable attention has been given to studies of the location of areas or beds of sand that contain salt water. The ground water occurs in beds of sand, sandstone, and gravel of Miocene, Pliocene, and Pleistocene age. These formations crop out in belts that dip southeastward from their outcrop areas and are encountered by wells at progressively greater depths toward the southeast. The beds throughout the section are lithologically similar, and there is little agreement among geologists as to their correlation. -In this investigation, however, the sediments, penetrated by the wells are separated into six zones, chiefly on the basis of electrical logs. Most of the water occurs in zone 3, which ranges in thickness from 800 to 1,200 feet. Large quantities of ground water are pumped in three areas in the Houston district, as follows: The Houston tromping area, which includes Houston and the areas immediately adjacent; the Pasadena pumping area, which includes the industrial section extending along the ship channel from the Houston city limits eastward to Deer Park; and the Katy pumping area, an irregular-shaped area of several hundred square miles, which is roughly centered around the town of Katy, 30 miles west of Houston. In 1930 the total combined withdrawal of ground water in the Houston and Pasadena pumping areas averaged about 50 million gallons a day. It declined somewhat during 1932 and 1933 and then gradually increased, until in 1935 the total pumpage was about the same as it was in 1930. About March 1, 1937, the pumpage was increased by about 40 percent, when new wells near Pasadena were put into operation. During 1940 it is estimated that the total pumpage in the Houston and Pasadena areas averaged about 79 million gallons a day, an increase of about 65 percent over the pumpage in 1935. About 25 million gallons of this increase has occurred in the Pasadena area. In the Katy rice-growing area the pumpage in 1935 was about 14 million gallons a day; in 1937 it was about 30 million gallons a day; in 1939 about 40 million gallons a day; and in 1940 about 45 million gallons a day. In 1940 the estimated total pumpage from the Houston, Pasadena, and Katy pumping areas was about 124 million gallons a day, or twice as much as it was in 1935. The increase in pumping at Pasadena in the spring-of 1937 caused the water leveling wells in the Houston and Pasadena areas, which had not varied materially for about 7 years, to decline at a rapid rate. Further increases in the pumping both at Houston and Pasadena in 1939 and 1940 has caused further substantial decline. The water levels in wells in the Katy rice-growing area also declined materially. The evidence points to the probability that in all parts of the Houston district, except the Katy rice-growing area, the rainfall is recharging the aquifers at a rate greater than that at which the water is transmitted down the dip. In the Katy area the recharge is insufficient to balance the joint discharge by transmission down the dip and withdrawal from rice-irrigating wells. The average coefficient of transmissibility was. calculated as 160,000 gallons a day. On the basis of these estimates the inflow in February 1940 across the artesian contour 10 feet below sea level (see pl. 10) was computed as 72 million gallons a day. The amount of water taken out of artesian storage in the 300-square mile area within the -10 contour during the period February 1939 to February
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp889C","usgsCitation":"White, W.N., Rose, N., and Guyton, W.F., 1944, Ground-water resources of the Houston district, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 889, 154 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp889C.","productDescription":"154 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":138910,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/0889c/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":29734,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/0889c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65a819","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Walter N.","contributorId":99124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rose, N.A.","contributorId":97081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"N.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guyton, William F.","contributorId":25926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guyton","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}