Groundwater level contour maps for three basalt units of the Columbia Plateau regional aquifer system were constructed by using water levels measured in 1,105 wells during 1985. These measurements then were compared with similar measurements from spring 1983 to assess the changes in groundwater levels over the 2-year period for each of the basalt units. Configuration of the groundwater contours and water level changes reflect (1) recharge and discharge; (2) hydraulic conductivity; (3) use of imported surface water for irrigation; and (4) pumpage of groundwater. The movement of groundwater within each basalt unit is controlled mainly by the major rivers, streams, and coulees, whereas variations in flow directions between units are related to the occurrence, extent, and hydraulic conductivity of the basalt units and sedimentary interbeds and to differences in the amounts of recharge to each unit.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri884018","usgsCitation":"Lane, R.C., and Whiteman, K.J., 1989, Ground-water levels, spring 1985, and ground-water level changes, spring 1983 to spring 1985, in three basalt units underlying the Columbia Plateau, Washington and Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4018, 4 Plates: 38.00 × 35.88 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884018.","productDescription":"4 Plates: 38.00 × 35.88 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394790,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46945.htm"},{"id":82212,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4018/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":82211,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4018/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":82210,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4018/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":82209,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4018/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":161612,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia Plateau","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.5833,\n 45\n ],\n [\n -116.3167,\n 45\n ],\n [\n -116.3167,\n 48.125\n ],\n [\n -121.5833,\n 48.125\n ],\n [\n -121.5833,\n 45\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667515","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lane, R. C.","contributorId":6421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whiteman, K. J.","contributorId":48147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whiteman","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":14906,"text":"ofr8915 - 1989 - Analytical results and sample locality map for 21 water samples from domestic wells and springs near the Rimrock, Sand Canyon, Little Rimrock, and Pinyon Wilderness Study Areas, Cibola and Catron Counties, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-07T20:33:11.576841","indexId":"ofr8915","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-15","title":"Analytical results and sample locality map for 21 water samples from domestic wells and springs near the Rimrock, Sand Canyon, Little Rimrock, and Pinyon Wilderness Study Areas, Cibola and Catron Counties, New Mexico","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr8915","usgsCitation":"McHugh, J.B., and Nowlan, G., 1989, Analytical results and sample locality map for 21 water samples from domestic wells and springs near the Rimrock, Sand Canyon, Little Rimrock, and Pinyon Wilderness Study Areas, Cibola and Catron Counties, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-15, Report: 7 p.; 1 Plate: 13.03 × 21.81 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8915.","productDescription":"Report: 7 p.; 1 Plate: 13.03 × 21.81 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":406344,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17555.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":43713,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0015/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":43712,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0015/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":146332,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0015/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Catron County, Cibola County","otherGeospatial":"Rimrock, Sand Canyon, Little Rimrock, and Pinyon Wilderness Study Areas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108,\n 34.562\n ],\n [\n -107.75,\n 34.562\n ],\n [\n -107.75,\n 34.929\n ],\n [\n -108,\n 34.929\n ],\n [\n -108,\n 34.562\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acee4b07f02db67f61a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McHugh, J. B.","contributorId":79462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McHugh","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nowlan, G.A.","contributorId":99131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowlan","given":"G.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":12080,"text":"ofr88715 - 1989 - Geology and water resources of Owens Valley, California","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":12080,"text":"ofr88715 - 1989 - Geology and water resources of Owens Valley, California","indexId":"ofr88715","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and water resources of Owens Valley, California"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":31066,"text":"wsp2370B - 1991 - Geology and water resources of Owens Valley, California","indexId":"wsp2370B","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Geology and water resources of Owens Valley, California"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":31066,"text":"wsp2370B - 1991 - Geology and water resources of Owens Valley, California","indexId":"wsp2370B","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and water resources of Owens Valley, California"},"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-05T01:59:16.611946","indexId":"ofr88715","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-715","title":"Geology and water resources of Owens Valley, California","docAbstract":"Owens Valley, a long, narrow valley located along the east flank of the Sierra Nevada in east-central California, is the main source of water for the city of Los Angeles. The city diverts most of the surface water in the valley into the Owens River-Los Angeles Aqueduct system, which transports the water more than 200 miles south to areas of distribution and use. Additionally, ground water is pumped or flows from wells to supplement the surface-water diversions to the river-aqueduct system. Pumpage from wells needed to supplement water export has increased since 1970, when a second aqueduct was put into service, and local concerns have been expressed that the increased pumpage may have had a detrimental effect on the environment and the indigenous alkaline scrub and meadow plant communities in the valley. The scrub and meadow communities depend on soil moisture derived from precipitation and the unconfined part of a multilayered aquifer system. This report, which describes the hydrogeology of the aquifer system and the water resources of the valley, is one in a series designed to (1) evaluate the effects that ground-water pumping has on scrub and meadow communities and (2) appraise alternative strategies to mitigate any adverse effects caused by pumping.
Two principal topographic features are the surface expression of the geologic framework--the high, prominent mountains on the east and west sides of the valley and the long, narrow intermountain valley floor. The mountains are composed of sedimentary, granitic, and metamorphic rocks, mantled in part by volcanic rocks as well as by glacial, talus, and fluvial deposits. The valley floor is underlain by valley fill that consists of unconsolidated to moderately consolidated alluvial fan, glacial and talus, and fluvial and lacustrine deposits. The valley fill also includes interlayered recent volcanic flows and pyroclastic rocks. The bedrock surface beneath the valley fill is a narrow, steep-sided graben that is structurally separated into the Bishop Basin to the north and the Owens Lake Basin to the south. These two structural basins are separated by (1) a bedrock high that is the upper bedrock block of an east-west normal fault, (2) a horst block of bedrock (the Poverty Hills), and (3) Quaternary basalt flows and cinder cones that intercalate and intrude the sedimentary deposits of the valley fill. The resulting structural separation of the basins allowed separate development of fluvial and lacustrine depositional systems in each basin.
Nearly all the ground water in Owens Valley flows through and is stored in the saturated valley fill. The bedrock, which surrounds and underlies the valley fill, is virtually impermeable. Three hydrogeologic units compose the valley-fill aquifer system, a defined subdivision of the ground-water system, and a fourth represents the valley fill below the aquifer system and above the bedrock. The aquifer system is divided into horizontal hydrogeologic units on the basis of either (1) uniform hydrologic characteristics of a specific lithologic layer or (2) distribution of the vertical hydraulic head. Hydrogeologic unit 1 is the upper unit and represents the unconfined part of the system, hydrogeologic unit 2 represents the confining unit (or units), and hydrogeologic unit 3 represents the confined part of the aquifer system. Hydrogeologic unit 4 represents the deep part of the ground-water system and lies below the aquifer system. Hydrogeologic unit 4 transmits or stores much less water than hydrogeologic unit 3 and represents either a moderately consolidated valley fill or a geologic unit in the valley fill defined on the basis of geophysical data.
Nearly all the recharge to the aquifer system is from infiltration of runoff from snowmelt and rainfall on the Sierra Nevada. In contrast, little recharge occurs to the system by runoff from the White and Inyo Mountains or from direct precipitation on the valley floor. Ground water flows from the margins of the valley towards the center of the valley; the ground water then flows south to the terminus of the system at Owens (dry) Lake. Ground water flows south from Bishop Basin to Owens Lake Basin through the narrows that constrict the flow opposite Poverty Hills. The aquifer system in the northern half of Owens Lake Basin is divided into east and west halves by the barrier effect caused by the Owens Valley fault. Discharge from the aquifer system is primarily by pumpage and evapotranspiration, and to a lesser extent by flowing wells, springs, underflow, and leakage to the Owens River-Los Angeles aqueduct system. Withdrawals from pumped or flowing wells is the largest component of discharge and accounts for about 50 percent of the outflow from the system. Transpiration by scrub and meadow plant communities, and to a lesser extent by irrigated alfalfa pasture, accounts for about 40 percent of the system's discharge.
Natural hydraulic conductivity ranges from less than 400 to about 12,000 feet per day in the basalt flows, the more permeable material in the aquifer system. Where the basalts are fractured by explosives and drilling techniques, actual transmissivities can be greater than 1,000,000 feet squared per day. Hydraulic conductivities in sedimentary deposits of the aquifer system range from less than a few feet per day in lacustrine clays to more than 300 feet per day in gravel stringers and beach deposits in the transition zone between alluvial fan deposits and fluvial and lacustrine deposits.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr88200","usgsCitation":"Maurer, D.K., 1989, Water-level data for Las Vegas Valley, Clark County, Nevada, 1986-87: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-200, Report: v, 45 p.; 2 Plates: 24.50 × 32.03 inches and 25.64 × 26.35 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88200.","productDescription":"Report: v, 45 p.; 2 Plates: 24.50 × 32.03 inches and 25.64 × 26.35 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146826,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0200/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":43652,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0200/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":43651,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0200/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":43650,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0200/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":409598,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17357.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Clark County","otherGeospatial":"Las Vegas Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.876,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -115.5,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -115.5,\n 35.873\n ],\n [\n -114.876,\n 35.873\n ],\n [\n -114.876,\n 36.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e766c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maurer, Douglas K. dkmaurer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maurer","given":"Douglas","email":"dkmaurer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":170125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":47730,"text":"wri894013 - 1989 - Potentiometric surface of the Magothy Aquifer in southern Maryland during the fall of 1987","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:03","indexId":"wri894013","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4013","title":"Potentiometric surface of the Magothy Aquifer in southern Maryland during the fall of 1987","docAbstract":"A map showing the potentiometric surface of the Magothy aquifer in the Cretaceous Magothy Formation in southern Maryland during the fall of 1987 was prepared by using water level measurements in 85 observation wells. The potentiometric surface was highest near the northwestern boundary and outcrop area of the aquifer in topographically high locations of Anne Arundel and Prince Georges Counties. The hydraulic gradient in the study area was generally southeastward or toward the centers of three cones of depression which have developed in response to pumping stresses. These cones formed around well fields in the Annapolis, Waldorf, and Chalk Point areas. The potentiometric surface of the Magothy aquifer was more than 40 ft below sea level in parts of the Waldorf and Chalk Point areas. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri894013","usgsCitation":"Mack, F., Andreasen, D., Curtin, S.E., and Wheeler, J.C., 1989, Potentiometric surface of the Magothy Aquifer in southern Maryland during the fall of 1987: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4013, 1 map ; 21 x 14 cm., on sheet 28 x 22 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894013.","productDescription":"1 map ; 21 x 14 cm., on sheet 28 x 22 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122081,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4013/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":84645,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4013/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b09e4b07f02db69bd9e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mack, Frederick K.","contributorId":95858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mack","given":"Frederick K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andreasen, David C.","contributorId":59003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andreasen","given":"David C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Curtin, Stephen E. securtin@usgs.gov","contributorId":3703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtin","given":"Stephen","email":"securtin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":236100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wheeler, Judith C.","contributorId":13620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Judith","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":17542,"text":"ofr89638 - 1989 - Preliminary hypocentral locations from the Loma Prieta, California, earthquake of October 17, 1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:12","indexId":"ofr89638","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-638","title":"Preliminary hypocentral locations from the Loma Prieta, California, earthquake of October 17, 1989","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr89638","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1989, Preliminary hypocentral locations from the Loma Prieta, California, earthquake of October 17, 1989: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-638, 9 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89638.","productDescription":"9 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149482,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0638/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":46711,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0638/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a28c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":42499,"text":"ofr87232 - 1989 - Radium concentrations in ground water of the Chickies Formation, southeastern Pennsylvania, 1986-87","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-25T19:37:36.660001","indexId":"ofr87232","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-232","title":"Radium concentrations in ground water of the Chickies Formation, southeastern Pennsylvania, 1986-87","docAbstract":"No abstract available
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr87232","usgsCitation":"Cecil, L.D., 1989, Radium concentrations in ground water of the Chickies Formation, southeastern Pennsylvania, 1986-87: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-232, 1 Plate: 33.47 × 14.58 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr87232.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 33.47 × 14.58 inches","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":175779,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":80258,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0232/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":405620,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17165.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Chickies Formation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.125,\n 39.721\n ],\n [\n -74.726,\n 39.721\n ],\n [\n -74.726,\n 40.375\n ],\n [\n -77.125,\n 40.375\n ],\n [\n -77.125,\n 39.721\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db685516","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cecil, L. 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B1-B18, ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1702B.","productDescription":"v, p. B1-B18, ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":247395,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1702b/report.pdf","size":"3469","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":251833,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1702b/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696fd5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherrod, David R. 0000-0001-9460-0434 dsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-0434","contributorId":527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"David","email":"dsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":210977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, D. B. davidsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":12840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D.","email":"davidsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koch, R. D.","contributorId":106487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hanna, W. F.","contributorId":6835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanna","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pitkin, J. A.","contributorId":85194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitkin","given":"J.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lane, M. E.","contributorId":9262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":47477,"text":"b1875B - 1989 - North American Datum of 1983, map data conversion tables; United States west of 96 degrees West longitude (including Hawaii)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:47","indexId":"b1875B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1875","chapter":"B","title":"North American Datum of 1983, map data conversion tables; United States west of 96 degrees West longitude (including Hawaii)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/b1875B","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1989, North American Datum of 1983, map data conversion tables; United States west of 96 degrees West longitude (including Hawaii): U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1875, p. B1-B431, https://doi.org/10.3133/b1875B.","productDescription":"p. B1-B431","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":172278,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1875b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":84416,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1875b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696daf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":531745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":47476,"text":"b1875A - 1989 - North American Datum of 1983, map data conversion tables; United States east of 96 degrees West longitude, Puerto Rico and the U. S. Virgin Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:24","indexId":"b1875A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1875","chapter":"A","title":"North American Datum of 1983, map data conversion tables; United States east of 96 degrees West longitude, Puerto Rico and the U. S. Virgin Islands","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/b1875A","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1989, North American Datum of 1983, map data conversion tables; United States east of 96 degrees West longitude, Puerto Rico and the U. S. Virgin Islands: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1875, p. A1-A351, https://doi.org/10.3133/b1875A.","productDescription":"p. A1-A351","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169882,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1875a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":84415,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1875a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696db4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":531744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70157145,"text":"70157145 - 1989 - The influence of north Pacific atmospheric circulation on streamflow in the west","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-27T10:34:41","indexId":"70157145","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The influence of north Pacific atmospheric circulation on streamflow in the west","docAbstract":"The annual cycle and nonseasonal variability of streamflow over western North America and Hawaii is studied in terms of atmospheric forcing elements. This study uses several decades of monthly average streamflow beginning as early as the late 1800's over a network of 38 stations. In addition to a strong annual cycle in mean streamflow and its variance at most of the stations, there is also a distinct annual cycle in the autocorrelation of anomalies that is related to the interplay between the annual cycles of temperature and precipitation. Of particular importance to these lag effects is the well-known role of water stored as snow pack, which controls the delay between peak precipitation and peak flow and also introduces persistence into the nonseasonal streamflow anomalies, with time scales from 1 month to over 1 year.
\nThe degree to which streamflow is related to winter atmospheric circulation over the North Pacific and western North America is tested using correlations with time averaged, gridded sea level pressure (SLP), which begins in 1899. Streamflow fluctuations show significant large-scale correlations for the winter (December through February) mean SLP anomaly patterns over the North Pacific with maximum correlations ranging from 0.3 to about 0.6. For streams along the west coast corridor the circulation pattern associated with positive streamflow anomalies is low pressure centered off the coast to the west or northwest, indicative of increased winter storms and an anomalous westerly-to-southwesterly wind component. For streams in the interior positive streamflow anomalies are associated with a positive SLP anomaly stationed remotely over the central North Pacific, and with negative but generally weaker SLP anomalies locally.
\nOne important influence on streamflow variability is the strength of the Aleutian Low in winter. This is represented by the familiar Pacific-North America (PNA) index and also by an index defined herein the “CNP” (Central North Pacific). This index, beginning in 1899, is taken to be the average of the SLP anomaly south of the Aleutians and the western Gulf of Alaska. Correlations between PNA or CNP and regional anomalies reflect streamflow the alternations in strength and position of the mean North Pacific storm track entering North America as well as shifts in the trade winds over the subtropical North Pacific. Regions whose streamflow is best tuned to the PNA or CNP include coastal Alaska, the northwestern United States, and Hawaii; the latter two regions have the opposite sign anomaly as the former. The pattern of streamflow variations associated with El Niño is similar, but the El Niño signal also includes a tendency for greater than normal streamflow in the southwestern United States. These indices are significantly correlated with streamflow at one to two seasons in advance of the December–August period, which may allow modestly skillful forecasts. It is important to note that streamflow variability in some areas, such as British Columbia and California, does not respond consistently to these broad scale Pacific atmospheric circulation indices, but is related to regional atmospheric anomaly features over the eastern North Pacific.
\nSpatially, streamflow anomalies are fairly well correlated over scales of several hundred kilometers. Inspection of the spatial anomalies of stream-flow in this study suggest an asymmetry in the spatial pattern of positive versus negative streamflow anomalies in the western United States: dry patterns have tended to be larger and more spatially coherent than wet patterns.
\nNo abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Universtiy of Wisconsin-Stevens Point","usgsCitation":"Roderick, C., 1989, Botulism in waterfowl: Scientific Wisconsin, v. 1, no. 1, p. 54-57.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"54","endPage":"57","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386153,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roderick, Constance 0000-0001-8330-8024","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8330-8024","contributorId":215346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roderick","given":"Constance","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70206247,"text":"70206247 - 1989 - Post-flood measurement of a refilled scour hole at the Bulkeley Bridge in Hartford, Connecticut","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-25T14:15:50","indexId":"70206247","displayToPublicDate":"1989-12-31T14:08:56","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Post-flood measurement of a refilled scour hole at the Bulkeley Bridge in Hartford, Connecticut","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Bridge Scour Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Bridge Scour Symposium","conferenceDate":"October 17-19, 1989","conferenceLocation":"McLean VA","language":"English","publisher":"Federal Highway Administration","usgsCitation":"Haeni, F., and Gorin, S., 1989, Post-flood measurement of a refilled scour hole at the Bulkeley Bridge in Hartford, Connecticut, in Proceedings of the Bridge Scour Symposium, McLean VA, October 17-19, 1989, p. 147-174.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"174","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368621,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","city":"Hartford","otherGeospatial":"Bulkeley Bridge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.66788721084595,\n 41.76822296102123\n ],\n [\n -72.6625657081604,\n 41.76822296102123\n ],\n [\n -72.6625657081604,\n 41.770671543018906\n ],\n [\n -72.66788721084595,\n 41.770671543018906\n ],\n [\n -72.66788721084595,\n 41.76822296102123\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haeni, F.P.","contributorId":87105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeni","given":"F.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":773923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gorin, S.R.","contributorId":85996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorin","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":773924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70204675,"text":"70204675 - 1989 - Streamside habitats in southern forested wetlands: Their role and implications for management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-08T12:34:58","indexId":"70204675","displayToPublicDate":"1989-12-31T12:31:51","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":32,"text":"General Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"SE-50","title":"Streamside habitats in southern forested wetlands: Their role and implications for management","docAbstract":"The value of streamside forests to fish and wildlife and the influence of forest management on their value have been recognized in a general sense for decades. However, in today’s climate of increasing environmental regulation and intensive forest management, there is need for more detailed understanding of the value of streamside forests to fish and wildlife. Dickson and Huntley (1987:38) described the problem well when they wrote that “quantitative data on the effects of riparian zones on wildlife populations are insufficient to enable wildlife managers to justify the retention of riparian zones in land-use plans on a biological and economical basis.” Due in large part to the passage of water pollution control legislation, as well as legislation mandating multiple-use management in our national forests, progress is being made. During the last l&15 years, a great deal of research has been directed at understanding the value and appropriate management of the riparian zone (Brouha and Parsons 1985). The vast majority of research on riparian habitats has been conducted in western forests and/or narrow zones in otherwise upland areas. Also, much of the work done in southern forested wetlands has applied to entire floodplain forests. In this paper, we review the literature on streamside habitats within southern forested wetlands and, for reasons described in the next section, we make a distinction between streamside forests and floodplain (or riparian) forests. We also discuss in less detail the value of streamside habitats within other southern forest types, such as pine or mixed pine-hardwood.
","language":"English","publisher":"U. S, Department of Agriculture","doi":"10.2737/SE-GTR-50","usgsCitation":"Howard, R.J., and Allen, J., 1989, Streamside habitats in southern forested wetlands: Their role and implications for management: General Technical Report SE-50, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.2737/SE-GTR-50.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"106","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":366388,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howard, Rebecca J. 0000-0001-7264-4364 howardr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7264-4364","contributorId":2429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Rebecca","email":"howardr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":768032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, James A. 0000-0001-6459-5734","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6459-5734","contributorId":108095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"James A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":768033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70209310,"text":"70209310 - 1989 - Tectonostratigraphic terranes and their Paleozoic boundaries in the central and southern Appalachians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-31T10:07:58","indexId":"70209310","displayToPublicDate":"1989-12-31T10:00:13","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5198,"text":"Geological Society of America Special Papers ","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tectonostratigraphic terranes and their Paleozoic boundaries in the central and southern Appalachians","docAbstract":"Parts of the central and southern Appalachian orogen appear to have evolved away from Proterozoic North America (Laurentia) and to have been accreted to it during the Paleozoic orogenies that collectively formed the orogen. Identifying each tectonostratigraphic terrane is a necessary step in understanding the evolution of the orogen. The terranes in the central and southern Appalachians are delineated, interpreted, and classified with varying degrees of confidence as: (1) Laurentian native terranes, (2) internal continental terranes of the Appalachian orogen, (3) disrupted terranes, (4) possible oceanic crustal remnants, (5) volcanic-arc terranes, (6) a continental terrane of Gondwanaland affinity, and (7) metamorphic complexes of undetermined affinity. The Laurentian native terranes consist of external massifs of Laurentian basement (Grenvillian and older), their rift- and shelf-facies cover rocks, and slope-rise prism deposits. External massifs are present in the Blue Ridge tectonic province, Reading Prong, and Honey Brook Upland. Rocks of the Talladega block are stratigraphically tied to Laurentia and, with the possible exception of the Hillabee greenstone, are also considered native. Offshore, deep-water, post-rift deposits of the Hamburg and Westminster terranes have no direct stratigraphic ties to Laurentia and are considered discrete native (not suspect) terranes. The internal continental terranes of the Appalachian orogen are isolated massifs of Middle Proterozoic (Grenvillian) continental basement and their cover sequences that occur within the metamorphic core of the orogen. These terranes, the Baltimore, Sauratown, and Pine Mountain terranes, could be either structurally isolated outliers of Laurentia or microcontinental fragments of Laurentian crust displaced by rifting or transcurrent faulting and later reassembled. Disrupted terranes in the central and southern Appalachians contain mélange complexes as well as more coherent terrane fragments (volcanic, ophiolitic, or continental) intermingled with the mélange complexes. Those identified include the Jefferson, Potomac, Smith River, Inner Piedmont, Falls Lake, Juliette, and Sussex terranes. The Bel Air-Rising Sun terrane (Baltimore Complex) in Maryland and Pennsylvania is the only terrane named separately as a possible oceanic crustal remnant. Similar mafic and ultramafic complexes are present in all of the disrupted terranes, but are too small to consider as separate terranes. Volcanic-arc terranes include the Chopawamsic, Carolina, Spring Hope, Roanoke Rapids, and Charleston terranes. The only terrane recognized as a continental terrane of Gondwanaland affinity is the Suwannee terrane, which contains rocks believed to correlate with those now exposed in west Africa. Metamorphic complexes of undetermined affinity are terranes that could not be clearly classified on the basis of available data. These include the Milton, Gaffney, Uchee, Crabtree, Goochland, Wilmington, and Hatteras terranes. The Penobscottian, Taconian, Acadian, and Alleghanian Paleozoic compressional events collectively assembled the various terranes into what is now the Appalachian orogen. Only the central and southern parts of the U.S. Appalachians are considered here. The Penobscottian orogeny, about 550 to 490 Ma, amalgamated the Potomac, the Chopawamsic, probably the Bel Air-Rising Sun, and possibly other exotic terranes at some unknown distance from Laurentia. This was followed by the Taconian orogeny, about 470 to 440 Ma, which accreted the previously amalgamated terranes and probably other terranes such as the Carolina terrane to Laurentia. The younger age limit for the Taconian event is partly constrained by Middle and Late Ordovician faunal assemblages in successor basin deposits of the Arvonia Slate and Quantico Formation. The significance of the Acadian orogeny, dated about 400 to 380 Ma in New England, is unclear in the central and southern Appalachians. In the Talladega block of Alabama and Georgia, an Early to Middle Devonian dynamothermal event is firmly bracketed between Early Devonian fossils and K-Ar ages that indicate a thermal peak no later than Middle Devonian time. A regional tectonothermal event and faulting of approximately this age are also suggested by isotopic studies in terranes to the east. The late Paleozoic (Alleghanian) continental collision between Laurentia and Gondwanaland, which formed the supercontinent Pangea, marks the final stage of accretionary history in the Appalachian-Caledonide orogen. Effects evident in the central and southern Appalachian region include: (1) the accretion of the Suwannee terrane and perhaps the Charleston terrane to what is now North America, (2) slicing and shifting of terranes along dextral strike-slip faults, particularly in the eastern Piedmont, (3) westward transport of native and previously accreted terranes in the western Piedmont and Blue Ridge as part of a composite crystalline thrust sheet, (4) deposition of clastic wedges in the Appalachian foreland, and (5) imbricate thrusting and folding of the resultant strata in the Valley and Ridge Province.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/SPE230-p213","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Horton,, J., Drake, A., and Rankin, D., 1989, Tectonostratigraphic terranes and their Paleozoic boundaries in the central and southern Appalachians: Geological Society of America Special Papers , v. 230, p. 213-245, https://doi.org/10.1130/SPE230-p213.","productDescription":"33 p. ","startPage":"213","endPage":"245","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":373632,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States ","otherGeospatial":"Appalachians","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.9814453125,\n 44.02442151965934\n ],\n [\n -77.431640625,\n 43.26120612479979\n ],\n [\n -78.837890625,\n 43.229195113965005\n ],\n [\n -82.96875,\n 41.47566020027821\n ],\n [\n -83.75976562499999,\n 38.92522904714054\n ],\n [\n -86.8359375,\n 36.84446074079564\n ],\n [\n -87.8466796875,\n 35.782170703266075\n ],\n [\n -78.7060546875,\n 37.89219554724437\n ],\n [\n -75.6298828125,\n 40.64730356252251\n ],\n [\n -74.4873046875,\n 42.22851735620852\n ],\n [\n -75.9814453125,\n 44.02442151965934\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"230","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horton,, J. Wright Jr. 0000-0001-6756-6365","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6756-6365","contributorId":219824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton,","given":"J. Wright","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":785997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drake, A.A.","contributorId":33786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rankin, D.W.","contributorId":32579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rankin","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70193873,"text":"70193873 - 1989 - Sensitivity of endemic Snake River cutthroat trout to acidity and elevated aluminum","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-07T10:11:25","indexId":"70193873","displayToPublicDate":"1989-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sensitivity of endemic Snake River cutthroat trout to acidity and elevated aluminum","docAbstract":"Acidic episodes in waters of the western USA, do not last as long and are not as intense as those in the eastern USA, but we found that the native western cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarki is sensitive to even brief reductions in pH. In laboratory studies, fish were exposed to acidity (pH 4.5–6.5) alone or in the presence of aluminum during the first 7 d of the freshly fertilized egg, eyed embryo, alevin, or swim-up larva stages of development. Following exposure to acidity and aluminum, eggs and fish were held under control water quality conditions to 40 d posthatch to assess effects of the exposure on subsequent development. Reductions in pH from 6.5 to 6.0 in low-calcium water (1.4 mg/L) did not affect survival, but reduced growth offish in the early life stages. The presence of as little as 50 μg A1/L at low pH further decreased growth and reduced survival. The most sensitive indicators of stress were loss of ions (determined from whole-body sampling) and reduced swimming in alevins, reduction in the ratio of RNA:DNA, feeding inhibition, and pathology of gill tissue in swim-up larvae. A pH of 6.0 and 50 μg Al/L reduced whole-body sodium by 72% and potassium by 50% in alevins. Reductions in the RNA: DNA ratio, correlated with lower growth rates, were observed in swim-up larvae exposed to pH 5.5 and 50 μg Al/L. Exposure to 50 μg Al/L at pH 6.0 reduced swimming activity of alevins by 68% and feeding rates of swim-up larvae by 67%. In the presence of 50 μg A1/L, pathological changes in gill tissue were observed in swim-up larvae exposed to pH 6.0 or less. Although acidification is not widespread in the western USA, cutthroat trout have a narrow margin of safety between conditions that currently exist and those at which pH and aluminum reduce survival and growth.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1989)118<0630:SOESRC>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Woodward, D.F., Farag, A.M., Mueller, M., Little, E.E., and Vertucci, F., 1989, Sensitivity of endemic Snake River cutthroat trout to acidity and elevated aluminum: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 118, no. 6, p. 630-643, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1989)118<0630:SOESRC>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"630","endPage":"643","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348340,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"118","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a082349e4b09af898c8d0ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodward, D. F.","contributorId":85645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farag, Aida M. 0000-0003-4247-6763 aida_farag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-6763","contributorId":1139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farag","given":"Aida","email":"aida_farag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":720840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mueller, M.E.","contributorId":84715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Little, E. E.","contributorId":13187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Little","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":720842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vertucci, F. A.","contributorId":27381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vertucci","given":"F. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70201396,"text":"70201396 - 1989 - Voyager 2 at Neptune: Imaging science results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-12T12:33:26","indexId":"70201396","displayToPublicDate":"1989-12-15T12:33:03","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Voyager 2 at Neptune: Imaging science results","docAbstract":"Voyager 2 images of Neptune reveal a windy planet characterized by bright clouds of methane ice suspended in an exceptionally clear atmosphere above a lower deck of hydrogen sulfide or ammonia ices. Neptune's atmosphere is dominated by a large anticyclonic storm system that has been named the Great Dark Spot (GDS). About the same size as Earth in extent, the GDS bears both many similarities and some differences to the Great Red Spot of Jupiter. Neptune's zonal wind profile is remarkably similar to that of Uranus. Neptune has three major rings at radii of 42,000, 53,000, and 63,000 kilometers. The outer ring contains three higher density arc-like segments that were apparently responsible for most of the ground-based occultation events observed during the current decade. Like the rings of Uranus, the Neptune rings are composed of very dark material; unlike that of Uranus, the Neptune system is very dusty. Six new regular satellites were found, with dark surfaces and radii ranging from 200 to 25 kilometers. All lie inside the orbit of Triton and the inner four are located within the ring system. Triton is seen to be a differentiated body, with a radius of 1350 kilometers and a density of 2.1 grams per cubic centimeter; it exhibits clear evidence of early episodes of surface melting. A now rigid crust of what is probably water ice is overlain with a brilliant coating of nitrogen frost, slightly darkened and reddened with organic polymer material. Streaks of organic polymer suggest seasonal winds strong enough to move particles of micrometer size or larger, once they become airborne. At least two active plumes were seen, carrying dark material 8 kilometers above the surface before being transported downstream by high level winds. The plumes may be driven by solar heating and the subsequent violent vaporization of subsurface nitrogen.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","doi":"10.1126/science.246.4936.1422","usgsCitation":"Smith, B., Soderblom, L.A., Banfield, D., Barnet, C., Basilevsky, A., Beebe, R., Bollinger, K., Boyce, J.M., Brahic, A., Briggs, G., Brown, R.H., Chyba, C., Collins, S., Colvin, T., Cook, A., Crisp, D., Croft, S., Cruikshank, D., Cuzzi, J., Danielson, G., Davies, M.E., DeJong, E., Dones, L., Godfrey, D., Goguen, J., Grenier, I., Haemmerle, V., Hammel, H., Hansen, C., Helfenstein, C., Howell, C., Hunt, G., Ingersoll, A., Johnson, T.V., Kargel, J., Kirk, R.L., Kuehn, D., Limaye, S., Masursky, H., McEwen, A., Morrison, D., Owen, T., Owen, W., Pollack, J.B., Porco, C., Rages, K., Rogers, P., Rudy, D., Sagan, C., Schwartz, J., Shoemaker, E., Showalter, M., Sicardy, B., Simonelli, D., Spencer, J., Sromovsky, L., Stoker, C., Strom, R., Suomi, V., Synott, S., Terrile, R., Thomas, P., Thompson, W., Verbiscer, A., and Veverka, J., 1989, Voyager 2 at Neptune: Imaging science results: Science, v. 246, no. 4936, p. 1422-1449, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.246.4936.1422.","productDescription":"8 p. 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