{"pageNumber":"1863","pageRowStart":"46550","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184563,"records":[{"id":70003567,"text":"70003567 - 2010 - Limits on the adaptability of coastal marshes to rising sea level","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-15T15:22:24.36691","indexId":"70003567","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Limits on the adaptability of coastal marshes to rising sea level","docAbstract":"Assumptions of a static landscape inspire predictions that about half of the world's coastal wetlands will submerge during this century in response to sea-level acceleration. In contrast, we use simulations from five numerical models to quantify the conditions under which ecogeomorphic feedbacks allow coastal wetlands to adapt to projected changes in sea level. In contrast to previous sea-level assessments, we find that non-linear feedbacks among inundation, plant growth, organic matter accretion, and sediment deposition, allow marshes to survive conservative projections of sea-level rise where suspended sediment concentrations are greater than ~20 mg/L. Under scenarios of more rapid sea-level rise (e.g., those that include ice sheet melting), marshes will likely submerge near the end of the 21st century. Our results emphasize that in areas of rapid geomorphic change, predicting the response of ecosystems to climate change requires consideration of the ability of biological processes to modify their physical environment.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2010GL045489","usgsCitation":"Kirwan, M., Guntenspergen, G.R., D’Alpaos, A., Morris, J.T., Mudd, S.M., and Temmerman, S., 2010, Limits on the adaptability of coastal marshes to rising sea level: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 37, no. 23, p. 1-5, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL045489.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475572,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010gl045489","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382220,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"37","issue":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a533d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirwan, Matthew L. 0000-0002-0658-3038","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0658-3038","contributorId":84060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirwan","given":"Matthew L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guntenspergen, Glenn R. 0000-0002-8593-0244 glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0244","contributorId":2885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"D’Alpaos, Andrea","contributorId":34247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Alpaos","given":"Andrea","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morris, James T.","contributorId":29118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mudd, Simon M.","contributorId":107840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mudd","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Temmerman, Stijn","contributorId":71682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Temmerman","given":"Stijn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70003646,"text":"70003646 - 2010 - Match or mismatch: The influence of phenology on size-dependent life history and divergence in population structure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-25T13:05:49.873804","indexId":"70003646","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Match or mismatch: The influence of phenology on size-dependent life history and divergence in population structure","docAbstract":"<p><span>1. In gape-limited predators, body size asymmetries determine the outcome of predator-prey interactions. Due to ontogenetic changes in body size, the intensity of intra- and interspecific interactions may change rapidly between the&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">match</span><span>&nbsp;situation of a predator-prey system and the&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">mismatch</span><span>&nbsp;situation in which competition, including competition with the prey, dominates. 2. Based on a physiologically structured population model using the European perch (Perca fluviatilis), analysis was performed on how prey density (bream, Abramis brama), initial size differences in the young-of-the-year (YOY) age cohort of the predator, and&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">phenology</span><span>&nbsp;(time-gap in hatching of predator and prey)&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">influence</span><span>&nbsp;the size structure of the predator cohort. 3. In relation to the seasonality of reproduction, the&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">match</span><span>&nbsp;situation of the predator-prey system occurred when perch hatched earlier than bream and when no gape-size limitations existed, leading to decreased size divergence in the predator age cohort. Decreased size divergence was also found when bream hatched much earlier than perch, preventing perch predation on bream occurring, which, in turn, increased the competitive interaction of the perch with bream for the common prey, zooplankton; i.e. the&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">mismatch</span><span>&nbsp;situation in which also the mean size of the age cohort of the predator decreased. 4. In between the total&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">match</span><span>&nbsp;and the&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">mismatch</span><span>, however, only the largest individuals of the perch age cohort were able to prey on the bream, while smaller conspecifics got trapped in competition with each other and with bream for zooplankton, leading to enlarged differences in growth that increased size divergence. 5. The modelling results were combined with 7 years of field data in a lake, where large differences in the length-frequency distribution of YOY perch were observed after their first summer. These field data corroborate that&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">phenology</span><span>&nbsp;and prey density per predator are important mechanisms in determining size differences within theYOYage cohort of the predator. 6. The results demonstrate that the switch between competitive interactions and a predator-prey relationship depended on&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ScopusTermHighlight\">phenology</span><span>. This resulted in pronounced size differences in the YOY age cohort, which had far-reaching consequences for the entire predator population.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2656.2010.01704.x","usgsCitation":"Borcherding, J., Beeck, P., DeAngelis, D., and Scharf, W.R., 2010, Match or mismatch: The influence of phenology on size-dependent life history and divergence in population structure: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 79, no. 5, p. 1101-1112, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2010.01704.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1101","endPage":"1112","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475573,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2010.01704.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382520,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e81a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Borcherding, Jost","contributorId":69286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borcherding","given":"Jost","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beeck, Peter","contributorId":82448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeck","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeAngelis, Donald L. 0000-0002-1570-4057","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":88015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Donald L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scharf, Werner R.","contributorId":96402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scharf","given":"Werner","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70003845,"text":"70003845 - 2010 - Marine tephrochronology of the Mt. Edgecumbe volcanic field, southeast Alaska, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-25T13:45:52","indexId":"70003845","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Marine tephrochronology of the Mt. Edgecumbe volcanic field, southeast Alaska, USA","docAbstract":"The Mt. Edgecumbe Volcanic Field (MEVF), located on Kruzof Island near Sitka Sound in southeast Alaska, experienced a large multiple-stage eruption during the last glacial maximum (LGM)-Holocene transition that generated a regionally extensive series of compositionally similar rhyolite tephra horizons and a single well-dated dacite (MEd) tephra. Marine sediment cores collected from adjacent basins to the MEVF contain both tephra-fall and pyroclastic flow deposits that consist primarily of rhyolitic tephra and a minor dacitic tephra unit. The recovered dacite tephra correlates with the MEd tephra, whereas many of the rhyolitic tephras correlate with published MEVF rhyolites. Correlations were based on age constraints and major oxide compositions of glass shards. In addition to LGM-Holocene macroscopic tephra units, four marine cryptotephras were also identified. Three of these units appear to be derived from mid-Holocene MEVF activity, while the youngest cryptotephra corresponds well with the White River Ash eruption at not, vert, similar 1147 cal yr BP. Furthermore, the sedimentology of the Sitka Sound marine core EW0408-40JC and high-resolution SWATH bathymetry both suggest that extensive pyroclastic flow deposits associated with the activity that generated the MEd tephra underlie Sitka Sound, and that any future MEVF activity may pose significant risk to local population centers.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.yqres.2009.10.007","usgsCitation":"Addison, J.A., Beget, J.E., Ager, T.A., and Finney, B., 2010, Marine tephrochronology of the Mt. Edgecumbe volcanic field, southeast Alaska, USA: Quaternary Research, v. 73, no. 2, p. 277-292, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2009.10.007.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"277","endPage":"292","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204042,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266474,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2009.10.007"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Mt. Edgecumbe Volcanic Field","volume":"73","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db6049ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Addison, Jason A. 0000-0003-2416-9743 jaddison@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2416-9743","contributorId":4192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Addison","given":"Jason","email":"jaddison@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beget, James E.","contributorId":22757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beget","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ager, Thomas A. 0000-0002-5029-7581 tager@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5029-7581","contributorId":736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ager","given":"Thomas","email":"tager@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Finney, Bruce P.","contributorId":88074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finney","given":"Bruce P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70003463,"text":"70003463 - 2010 - Landscape and vegetation effects on avian reproduction on bottomland forest restorations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-02T15:29:38.330526","indexId":"70003463","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape and vegetation effects on avian reproduction on bottomland forest restorations","docAbstract":"<p><span>Forest restoration has been undertaken on &gt;200,000&nbsp;ha of agricultural land in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley, USA, during the past few decades. Decisions on where and how to restore bottomland forests are complex and dependent upon landowner objectives, but for conservation of silvicolous (forest-dwelling) birds, ecologists have espoused restoration through planting a diverse mix of densely spaced seedlings that includes fast-growing species. Application of this planting strategy on agricultural tracts that are adjacent to extant forest or within landscapes that are predominately forested has been advocated to increase forest area and enhance forested landscapes, thereby benefiting area-sensitive, silvicolous birds. We measured support for these hypothesized benefits through assessments of densities of breeding birds and reproductive success of 9 species on 36 bottomland forest restoration sites. Densities of thamnic (shrub–scrub dwelling) and silvicolous birds, such as yellow-breasted chat (</span><span class=\"genus-species\">Icteria virens</span><span>), indigo bunting (</span><span class=\"genus-species\">Passerina cyanea</span><span>), and white-eyed vireo (</span><span class=\"genus-species\">Vireo griseus</span><span>) were positively associated with 1) taller trees, 2) greater stem densities, and 3) a greater proportion of forest within the landscape, whereas densities of birds associated with grasslands, such as dickcissel (</span><span class=\"genus-species\">Spiza americana</span><span>) and red-winged blackbird (</span><span class=\"genus-species\">Agelaius phoeniceus</span><span>), were negatively associated with these variables. Vegetation structure, habitat edge, and temporal effects had greater influence on nest success than did landscape effects. Taller trees, increased density of woody stems, greater vegetation density, and more forest within the landscape were often associated with greater nest success. Nest success of grassland birds was positively related to distance from forest edge but, for thamnic birds, success was greater near edges. Moreover, nest success and estimated fecundity of thamnic species suggested their populations are self-sustaining on forest restoration sites, whereas these sites are likely population sinks for grassland and open-woodland species. We recommend restoration strategies that promote rapid development of dense forest stands within largely forested landscapes to recruit breeding populations of thamnic and silvicolous birds that have reproductive success sufficient to sustain their populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2193/2008-563","usgsCitation":"Twedt, D.J., Somershoe, S.G., Hazler, K.R., and Cooper, R.J., 2010, Landscape and vegetation effects on avian reproduction on bottomland forest restorations: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 74, no. 3, p. 423-436, https://doi.org/10.2193/2008-563.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"423","endPage":"436","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382883,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi Alluvial Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.857421875,\n              37.020098201368114\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.84619140625,\n              37.35269280367274\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.72509765625,\n              36.40359962073253\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.021484375,\n              33.797408767572485\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.43896484375,\n              30.80791068136646\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.791015625,\n              29.6880527498568\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.03271484375,\n              31.12819929911196\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.63720703125,\n              33.44977658311846\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.6044921875,\n              35.47856499535729\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.857421875,\n              37.020098201368114\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"74","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6abb8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twedt, Daniel J. 0000-0003-1223-5045 dtwedt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1223-5045","contributorId":398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twedt","given":"Daniel","email":"dtwedt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Somershoe, Scott G.","contributorId":58756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Somershoe","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hazler, Kirsten R.","contributorId":94425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hazler","given":"Kirsten","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cooper, Robert J.","contributorId":99245,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooper","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":347370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70003981,"text":"70003981 - 2010 - Making molehills out of mountains: Landscape genetics of the Mojave desert tortoise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T13:30:58.127849","indexId":"70003981","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Making molehills out of mountains: Landscape genetics of the Mojave desert tortoise","docAbstract":"<p><span>Heterogeneity in habitat often influences how organisms traverse the landscape matrix that connects populations. Understanding landscape connectivity is important to determine the ecological processes that influence those movements, which lead to evolutionary change due to gene flow. Here, we used landscape genetics and statistical models to evaluate hypotheses that could explain isolation among locations of the threatened Mojave desert tortoise (</span><i>Gopherus agassizii</i><span>). Within a causal modeling framework, we investigated three factors that can influence landscape connectivity: geographic distance, barriers to dispersal, and landscape friction. A statistical model of habitat suitability for the Mojave desert tortoise, based on topography, vegetation, and climate variables, was used as a proxy for landscape friction and barriers to dispersal. We quantified landscape friction with least-cost distances and with resistance distances among sampling locations. A set of diagnostic partial Mantel tests statistically separated the hypotheses of potential causes of genetic isolation. The best-supported model varied depending upon how landscape friction was quantified. Patterns of genetic structure were related to a combination of geographic distance and barriers as defined by least-cost distances, suggesting that mountain ranges and extremely low-elevation valleys influence connectivity at the regional scale beyond the tortoises’ ability to disperse. However, geographic distance was the only influence detected using resistance distances, which we attributed to fundamental differences between the two ways of quantifying friction. Landscape friction, as we measured it, did not influence the observed patterns of genetic distances using either quantification. Barriers and distance may be more valuable predictors of observed population structure for species like the desert tortoise, which has high dispersal capability and a long generation time.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10980-010-9550-6","usgsCitation":"Hagerty, B.E., Nussear, K.E., Esque, T., and Tracy, C.R., 2010, Making molehills out of mountains: Landscape genetics of the Mojave desert tortoise: Landscape Ecology, v. 26, no. 2, p. 267-280, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-010-9550-6.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"267","endPage":"280","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382886,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.94921874999999,\n              40.81380923056958\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.11328124999999,\n              39.16414104768742\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.89453125,\n              35.06597313798418\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.4892578125,\n              34.84987503195418\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.830078125,\n              38.75408327579141\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.203125,\n              40.84706035607122\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.94921874999999,\n              40.81380923056958\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649f56","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hagerty, Bridgette E.","contributorId":98868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagerty","given":"Bridgette","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nussear, Kenneth E. knussear@usgs.gov","contributorId":2695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nussear","given":"Kenneth","email":"knussear@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Esque, Todd C. tesque@usgs.gov","contributorId":3221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd C.","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":350017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tracy, C. Richard","contributorId":31515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tracy","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70003692,"text":"70003692 - 2010 - Effects of urbanization on carnivore species distribution and richness","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:56","indexId":"70003692","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of urbanization on carnivore species distribution and richness","docAbstract":"Urban development can have multiple effects on mammalian carnivore communities. We conducted a meta-analysis of 7,929 photographs from 217 localities in 11 camera-trap studies across coastal southern California to describe habitat use and determine the effects of urban proximity (distance to urban edge) and intensity (percentage of area urbanized) on carnivore occurrence and species richness in natural habitats close to the urban boundary. Coyotes (Canis latrans) and bobcats (Lynx rufus) were distributed widely across the region. Domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis), raccoons (Procyon lotor), gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus), mountain lions (Puma concolor), and Virginia opossums (Didelphis virginiana) were detected less frequently, and long-tailed weasels (Mustela frenata), American badgers (Taxidea taxus), western spotted skunks (Spilogale gracilis), and domestic cats (Felis catus) were detected rarely. Habitat use generally reflected availability for most species. Coyote and raccoon occurrence increased with both proximity to and intensity of urbanization, whereas bobcat, gray fox, and mountain lion occurrence decreased with urban proximity and intensity. Domestic dogs and Virginia opossums exhibited positive and weak negative relationships, respectively, with urban intensity but were unaffected by urban proximity. Striped skunk occurrence increased with urban proximity but decreased with urban intensity. Native species richness was negatively associated with urban intensity but not urban proximity, probably because of the stronger negative response of individual species to urban intensity.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Mammalogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Mammalogists","usgsCitation":"Ordenana, M.A., Crooks, K.R., Boydston, E.E., Fisher, R.N., Lyren, L.M., Siudyla, S., Haas, C.D., Harris, S., Hathaway, S.A., Turschak, G.M., Miles, A.K., and Van Vuren, D., 2010, Effects of urbanization on carnivore species distribution and richness: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 91, no. 6, p. 1322-1331.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1322","endPage":"1331","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203972,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":91774,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1644/09-MAMM-A-312.1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","volume":"91","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60fe68","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ordenana, Miguel A.","contributorId":67366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ordenana","given":"Miguel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crooks, Kevin R.","contributorId":51137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crooks","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":348363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boydston, Erin E. 0000-0002-8452-835X eboydston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8452-835X","contributorId":1705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boydston","given":"Erin","email":"eboydston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lyren, Lisa M. llyren@usgs.gov","contributorId":2398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyren","given":"Lisa","email":"llyren@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Siudyla, Shalene","contributorId":28867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siudyla","given":"Shalene","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Haas, Christopher D.","contributorId":54076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haas","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Harris, Sierra","contributorId":93773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Sierra","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hathaway, Stacie A. 0000-0002-4167-8059 sahathaway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4167-8059","contributorId":3420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hathaway","given":"Stacie","email":"sahathaway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Turschak, Greta M.","contributorId":24641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turschak","given":"Greta","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Miles, A. Keith 0000-0002-3108-808X keith_miles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3108-808X","contributorId":196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miles","given":"A.","email":"keith_miles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Keith","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Van Vuren, Dirk H.","contributorId":89408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Vuren","given":"Dirk H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70003576,"text":"70003576 - 2010 - Effects of Hurricane Katrina on an incipient population of giant salvinia Salvinia molesta in the lower Pascagoula River, Mississippi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-16T15:43:12.693375","indexId":"70003576","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1872,"text":"Gulf and Caribbean Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of Hurricane Katrina on an incipient population of giant salvinia Salvinia molesta in the lower Pascagoula River, Mississippi","docAbstract":"<p><span>The objectives of this study were to: 1) survey the lower Pascagoula River Basin and determine the post–storm distribution and abundance of giant salvinia; 2) control any remaining giant salvinia through physical and/or chemical means; 3) determine the fate of the bio–control agents; and 4) determine if re–introduction of salvinia weevils is needed and if so, to decide where best to release them.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Gulf Coast Research Laboratory","doi":"10.18785/gcr.2201.07","usgsCitation":"Fuller, P., Pursley, M.G., Diaz, D., and Devers, W., 2010, Effects of Hurricane Katrina on an incipient population of giant salvinia Salvinia molesta in the lower Pascagoula River, Mississippi: Gulf and Caribbean Research, v. 22, p. 63-66, https://doi.org/10.18785/gcr.2201.07.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"66","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475574,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.18785/gcr.2201.07","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":383284,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","city":"Pascagoula","otherGeospatial":"Pascagoula River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.76953125,\n              30.260253384089417\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.35617065429688,\n              30.260253384089417\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.35617065429688,\n              30.54097344535385\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.76953125,\n              30.54097344535385\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.76953125,\n              30.260253384089417\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db6250f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuller, Pam L. 0000-0002-9389-9144","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9389-9144","contributorId":91226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Pam L.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pursley, Mike G.","contributorId":31890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pursley","given":"Mike","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Diaz, Dale","contributorId":35056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diaz","given":"Dale","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Devers, Wesley","contributorId":95604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Devers","given":"Wesley","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70005224,"text":"sir20105043 - 2010 - Alluvial diamond resource potential and production capacity assessment of the Central African Republic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-18T15:24:46","indexId":"sir20105043","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5043","title":"Alluvial diamond resource potential and production capacity assessment of the Central African Republic","docAbstract":"In May of 2000, a meeting was convened in Kimberley, South Africa, and attended by representatives of the diamond industry and leaders of African governments to develop a certification process intended to assure that rough, exported diamonds were free of conflict concerns. This meeting was supported later in 2000 by the United Nations in a resolution adopted by the General Assembly. By 2002, the Kimberly Process Certification Scheme (KPCS) was ratified and signed by diamond-producing and diamond-importing countries. Over 70 countries were included as members of the KPCS at the end of 2007. To prevent trade in \"conflict diamonds\" while protecting legitimate trade, the KPCS requires that each country set up an internal system of controls to prevent conflict diamonds from entering any imported or exported shipments of rough diamonds. Every diamond or diamond shipment must be accompanied by a Kimberley Process (KP) certificate and be contained in tamper-proof packaging. The objective of this study was (1) to assess the naturally occurring endowment of diamonds in the Central African Republic (potential resources) based on geological evidence, previous studies, and recent field data and (2) to assess the diamond-production capacity and measure the intensity of mining activity. Several possible methods can be used to estimate the potential diamond resource. However, because there is generally a lack of sufficient and consistent data recording all diamond mining in the Central African Republic and because time to conduct fieldwork and accessibility to the diamond mining areas are limited, two different methodologies were used: the volume and grade approach and the content per kilometer approach. Estimates are that approximately 39,000,000 carats of alluvial diamonds remain in the eastern and western zones of the CAR combined. This amount is roughly twice the total amount of diamonds reportedly exported from the Central African Republic since 1931. Production capacity is calculated to be 840,000 carats per year, a number that is nearly twice the 450,000 carats per year reported annually by the Central African Republic. The difference in the two numbers reflects the lack of sufficient data on diamond resource grades, worker productivity, and the number and locations of sites being worked.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20105043","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau de Recherches Geologiques et Minieres and the Direction Generale des Mines under the auspices of the U.S. Department of State","usgsCitation":"Chirico, P., Barthelemy, F., and Ngbokoto, F.A., 2010, Alluvial diamond resource potential and production capacity assessment of the Central African Republic (Originally posted on April 7, 2013; French Translation July 17, 2013): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5043, iv, 22 p.; Rapport PDF en francais, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105043.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p.; Rapport PDF en francais","startPage":"i","endPage":"22","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":410,"text":"National Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116978,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5043.jpg"},{"id":91753,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5043/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":275154,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5043/pdf/sir2010-5043.pdf"},{"id":275155,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5043/french/"},{"id":275153,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5043/french/pdf/SIR2010-5043_FrenchVersion.pdf"}],"country":"Central African Republic","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 13.5,1 ], [ 13.5,12 ], [ 29,12 ], [ 29,1 ], [ 13.5,1 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Originally posted on April 7, 2013; French Translation July 17, 2013","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adee4b07f02db6876db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chirico, Peter G.","contributorId":27086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chirico","given":"Peter G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barthelemy, Francis","contributorId":88473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barthelemy","given":"Francis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ngbokoto, Francois A.","contributorId":45818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ngbokoto","given":"Francois","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70003867,"text":"70003867 - 2010 - Facilitation drives 65 years of vegetation change in the Sonoran Desert","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-15T12:52:15.643093","indexId":"70003867","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Facilitation drives 65 years of vegetation change in the Sonoran Desert","docAbstract":"<p><span>Ecological processes of low‐productivity ecosystems have long been considered to be driven by abiotic controls with biotic interactions playing an insignificant role. However, existing studies present conflicting evidence concerning the roles of these factors, in part due to the short temporal extent of most data sets and inability to test indirect effects of environmental variables modulated by biotic interactions. Using structural equation modeling to analyze 65 years of perennial vegetation change in the Sonoran Desert, we found that precipitation had a stronger positive effect on recruitment beneath existing canopies than in open microsites due to reduced evaporation rates. Variation in perennial canopy cover had additional facilitative effects on juvenile recruitment, which was indirectly driven by effects of density and precipitation on cover. Mortality was strongly influenced by competition as indicated by negative density‐dependence, whereas precipitation had no effect. The combined direct, indirect, and interactive facilitative effects of precipitation and cover on recruitment were substantial, as was the effect of competition on mortality, providing strong evidence for dual control of community dynamics by climate and biotic interactions. Through an empirically derived simulation model, we also found that the positive feedback of density on cover produces unique temporal abundance patterns, buffering changes in abundance from high frequency variation in precipitation, amplifying effects of low frequency variation, and decoupling community abundance from precipitation patterns at high abundance. Such dynamics should be generally applicable to low‐productivity systems in which facilitation is important and can only be understood within the context of long‐term variation in climatic patterns. This predictive model can be applied to better manage low‐productivity ecosystems, in which variation in biogeochemical processes and trophic dynamics may be driven by positive density‐dependent feedbacks that influence temporal abundance and productivity patterns.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/09-0145.1","usgsCitation":"Butterfield, B., Betancourt, J.L., Turner, R., and Briggs, J.M., 2010, Facilitation drives 65 years of vegetation change in the Sonoran Desert: Ecology, v. 91, no. 4, p. 1132-1139, https://doi.org/10.1890/09-0145.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1132","endPage":"1139","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382189,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f8906","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butterfield, Bradley J.","contributorId":18096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butterfield","given":"Bradley J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Betancourt, Julio L. 0000-0002-7165-0743 jlbetanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":3376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"Julio","email":"jlbetanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Turner, Raymond M.","contributorId":7383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Raymond M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Briggs, John M.","contributorId":6986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70003650,"text":"70003650 - 2010 - Impact craters on Titan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:55","indexId":"70003650","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impact craters on Titan","docAbstract":"Five certain impact craters and 44 additional nearly certain and probable ones have been identified on the 22% of Titan's surface imaged by Cassini's high-resolution radar through December 2007. The certain craters have morphologies similar to impact craters on rocky planets, as well as two with radar bright, jagged rims. The less certain craters often appear to be eroded versions of the certain ones. Titan's craters are modified by a variety of processes including fluvial erosion, mass wasting, burial by dunes and submergence in seas, but there is no compelling evidence of isostatic adjustments as on other icy moons, nor draping by thick atmospheric deposits. The paucity of craters implies that Titan's surface is quite young, but the modeled age depends on which published crater production rate is assumed. Using the model of Artemieva and Lunine (2005) suggests that craters with diameters smaller than about 35 km are younger than 200 million years old, and larger craters are older. Craters are not distributed uniformly; Xanadu has a crater density 2-9 times greater than the rest of Titan, and the density on equatorial dune areas is much lower than average. There is a small excess of craters on the leading hemisphere, and craters are deficient in the north polar region compared to the rest of the world. The youthful age of Titan overall, and the various erosional states of its likely impact craters, demonstrate that dynamic processes have destroyed most of the early history of the moon, and that multiple processes continue to strongly modify its surface. The existence of 24 possible impact craters with diameters less than 20 km appears consistent with the Ivanov, Basilevsky and Neukum (1997) model of the effectiveness of Titan's atmosphere in destroying most but not all small projectiles.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","usgsCitation":"Wood, C.A., Lorenz, R., Kirk, R., Lopes, R., Mitchell, K., Stofan, E., and Cassini RADAR Team, 2010, Impact craters on Titan: Icarus, p. 334-344.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"334","endPage":"344","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204121,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":91757,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019103509003753","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49ffe4b07f02db5f78ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Charles A.","contributorId":27599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lorenz, Ralph","contributorId":53933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenz","given":"Ralph","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirk, Randy","contributorId":107841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lopes, Rosaly","contributorId":50280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopes","given":"Rosaly","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mitchell, Karl","contributorId":53515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Karl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stofan, Ellen","contributorId":101373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stofan","given":"Ellen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cassini RADAR Team","contributorId":127942,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Cassini RADAR Team","id":535120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70003351,"text":"70003351 - 2010 - Formation of the Wiesloch Mississippi Valley-type Zn-Pb-Ag deposit in the extensional setting of the Upper Rhinegraben, SW Germany","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-03T22:34:25.545132","indexId":"70003351","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2746,"text":"Mineralium Deposita","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Formation of the Wiesloch Mississippi Valley-type Zn-Pb-Ag deposit in the extensional setting of the Upper Rhinegraben, SW Germany","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) Zn–Pb–Ag deposit in the Wiesloch area, Southwest Germany, is controlled by graben-related faults of the Upper Rhinegraben. Mineralization occurs as vein fillings and irregular replacement ore bodies consisting of sphalerite, banded sphalerite, galena, pyrite, sulfosalts (jordanite and geocronite), barite, and calcite in the Middle Triassic carbonate host rock. Combining paragenetic information, fluid inclusion investigations, stable isotope and mineral chemistry with thermodynamic modeling, we have derived a model for the formation of the Wiesloch deposit. This model involves fluid mixing between ascending hot brines (originating in the crystalline basement) with sedimentary formation waters. The ascending brines originally had a near-neutral pH (around 6) and intermediate oxidation state, reflecting equilibrium with granites and gneisses in the basement. During fluid ascent and cooling, the pH of the brine shifted towards more acidic (around 4) and the oxidation state increased to conditions above the hematite-magnetite buffer. These chemical characteristics contrast strongly with those of the pore and fracture fluid residing in the limestone aquifer, which had a pH between 8 and 9 in equilibrium with calcite and was rather reduced due to the presence of organic matter in the limestone. Mixing between these two fluids resulted in a strong decrease in the solubility of silver-bearing sphalerite and galena, and calcite. Besides Wiesloch, several Pb–Zn deposits are known along the Upper Rhinegraben, including hydrothermal vein-type deposits like Badenweiler and the Michael mine near Lahr. They all share the same fluid origin and formation process and only differ in details of their host rock and fluid cooling paths. The mechanism of fluid mixing also seems to be responsible for the formation of other MVT deposits in Europe (e.g., Réocin, Northern Spain; Trèves, Southern France; and Cracow-Silesia, Poland), which show notable similarities in terms of their age, mineralogy. and mineral chemistry to the MVT deposit near Wiesloch.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00126-010-0296-5","usgsCitation":"Pfaff, K., Hildebrandt, L.H., Leach, D.L., Jacob, D.E., and Markl, G., 2010, Formation of the Wiesloch Mississippi Valley-type Zn-Pb-Ag deposit in the extensional setting of the Upper Rhinegraben, SW Germany: Mineralium Deposita, v. 45, no. 7, p. 647-666, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-010-0296-5.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"647","endPage":"666","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382889,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Germany","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              9.063720703124998,\n              50.38050249104245\n            ],\n            [\n              8.0419921875,\n              50.15578588538455\n            ],\n            [\n              7.646484374999999,\n              48.63290858589535\n            ],\n            [\n              7.130126953125,\n              47.73932336136857\n            ],\n            [\n              8.10791015625,\n              47.70976154266637\n            ],\n            [\n              9.173583984375,\n              50.366488762738264\n            ],\n            [\n              9.063720703124998,\n              50.38050249104245\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-06-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae419","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pfaff, Katharina","contributorId":49916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pfaff","given":"Katharina","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hildebrandt, Ludwig H.","contributorId":101375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildebrandt","given":"Ludwig","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leach, David L.","contributorId":83902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leach","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jacob, Dorrit E.","contributorId":51008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacob","given":"Dorrit","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Markl, Gregor","contributorId":73732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markl","given":"Gregor","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70005225,"text":"sir20105044 - 2010 - Alluvial diamond resource potential and production capacity assessment of Mali","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-20T10:39:56","indexId":"sir20105044","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5044","title":"Alluvial diamond resource potential and production capacity assessment of Mali","docAbstract":"In May of 2000, a meeting was convened in Kimberley, South Africa, and attended by representatives of the diamond industry and leaders of African governments to develop a certification process intended to assure that rough, exported diamonds were free of conflictual concerns. This meeting was supported later in 2000 by the United Nations in a resolution adopted by the General Assembly. By 2002, the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme (KPCS) was ratified and signed by diamond-producing and diamond-importing countries. Over 70 countries were included as members of the KPCS at the end of 2007. To prevent trade in \"conflict diamonds\" while protecting legitimate trade, the KPCS requires that each country set up an internal system of controls to prevent conflict diamonds from entering any imported or exported shipments of rough diamonds. Every diamond or diamond shipment must be accompanied by a Kimberley Process (KP) certificate and be contained in tamper-proof packaging. The objective of this study was (1) to assess the naturally occurring endowment of diamonds in Mali (potential resources) based on geological evidence, previous studies, and recent field data and (2) to assess the diamond-production capacity and measure the intensity of mining activity. Several possible methods can be used to estimate the potential diamond resource. However, because there is generally a lack of sufficient and consistent data recording all diamond mining in Mali and because time to conduct fieldwork and accessibility to the diamond mining areas are limited, four different methodologies were used: the cylindrical calculation of the primary kimberlitic deposits, the surface area methodology, the volume and grade approach, and the content per kilometer approach. Approximately 700,000 carats are estimated to be in the alluvial deposits of the Kenieba region, with 540,000 carats calculated to lie within the concentration grade deposits. Additionally, 580,000 carats are estimated to have been released from the primary kimberlites in the region. Therefore, the total estimated diamond resources in the Kenieba region are thought to be nearly 1,300,000 carats. The Bougouni zones are estimated to have 1,000,000 carats with more than half, 630,000 carats, contained in concentrated deposits. When combined, the Kenieba and Bougouni regions of Mali are estimated to be host to 2,300,000 carats of diamonds.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20105044","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau de Recherches Geologiques et Minieres and the Direction Nationale de la Geologie et des Mines under the auspices of the U.S. Department of State","usgsCitation":"Chirico, P., Barthelemy, F., and Kone, F., 2010, Alluvial diamond resource potential and production capacity assessment of Mali (Originally posted on April 7, 2010; French translation November 18, 2013): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5044, iv, 23 p.; Rapport PDF en français, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105044.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p.; Rapport PDF en français","startPage":"i","endPage":"23","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":410,"text":"National Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116959,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5044.jpg"},{"id":91754,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5044/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":279228,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5044/french/pdf/sir2010-5044_french.pdf"},{"id":279229,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5044/pdf/sir2010-5044.pdf"},{"id":279227,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5044/french/"}],"country":"Mali","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -15,8 ], [ -15,27 ], [ 8,27 ], [ 8,8 ], [ -15,8 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Originally posted on April 7, 2010; French translation November 18, 2013","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae6e4b07f02db68b47e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chirico, Peter G.","contributorId":27086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chirico","given":"Peter G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barthelemy, Francis","contributorId":88473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barthelemy","given":"Francis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kone, Fatiaga","contributorId":87030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kone","given":"Fatiaga","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70003588,"text":"70003588 - 2010 - Food-web structure of seep sediment macrobenthos from the Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-13T20:17:31","indexId":"70003588","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1371,"text":"Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Food-web structure of seep sediment macrobenthos from the Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"The slope environment of the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) supports dense communities of seep megafaunal invertebrates that rely on endosymbiotic bacteria for nutrition. Seep sediments also contain smaller macrofaunal invertebrates whose nutritional pathways are not well understood. Using stable-isotope analysis, we investigate the utilization of chemosynthetically fixed and methane-derived organic matter by macrofauna. Biological sampling was conducted in three lower-slope GOM seep environs: Green Canyon (GC852, 1428 m), Atwater Valley (AT340, 2230 m), and Alaminos Canyon (AC601, 2384 m). Infaunal delta<sup>13</sup>C and delta<sup>15</sup>N exhibited a broad range of values; most infauna appeared to be heterotrophic, although several taxa had very light delta<sup>15</sup>N and delta<sup>13</sup>C values, indicating possible reliance on chemoautotrophic symbioses. The lightest delta<sup>13</sup>C and delta<sup>15</sup>N values were observed in nematodes (delta<sup>13</sup>C=-54.6 + or - 0.1 per mil, delta<sup>15</sup>N=-6.1 + or - 0.2 per mil) and one gastropod (delta<sup>13</sup>C=-54.1 per mil, delta<sup>15</sup>N=-1.1 per mil) from Green Canyon. Mixing-model results indicated that sulfur-oxidizing Beggiatoa may be an important food source for seep infauna; the rate of utilization ranged from 60% to 100% at Green Canyon and Atwater Valley. The overall range in isotope values was similar across the three sites, suggesting that biogeochemical processes may be very similar in these geographically distinct areas.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.05.011","usgsCitation":"Demopoulos, A., Gualtieri, D., and Kovacs, K., 2010, Food-web structure of seep sediment macrobenthos from the Gulf of Mexico: Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, v. 57, no. 21-23, p. 1972-1981, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.05.011.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1972","endPage":"1981","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269283,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.05.011"},{"id":203994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.5,22 ], [ -98.5,32.5 ], [ -85.5,32.5 ], [ -85.5,22 ], [ -98.5,22 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"57","issue":"21-23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae6a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Demopoulos, Amanda W.J. 0000-0003-2096-4694","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2096-4694","contributorId":28938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demopoulos","given":"Amanda W.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gualtieri, Daniel","contributorId":28351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gualtieri","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kovacs, Kaitlin 0000-0002-4089-434X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4089-434X","contributorId":24078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kovacs","given":"Kaitlin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70003821,"text":"70003821 - 2010 - Flood hydrology and methylmercury availability in Coastal Plain rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-11T10:15:50","indexId":"70003821","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flood hydrology and methylmercury availability in Coastal Plain rivers","docAbstract":"Mercury (Hg) burdens in top-predator fish differ substantially between adjacent South Carolina Coastal Plain river basins with similar wetlands coverage. In the Congaree River, floodwaters frequently originate in the Blue Ridge and Piedmont regions, where wetlands coverage and surface water dissolved methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations are low. Piedmont-driven flood events can lead to downward hydraulic gradients in the Coastal Plain riparian wetland margins, inhibiting MeHg transport from wetland sediments, and decreasing MeHg availability in the Congaree River habitat. In the adjacent Edisto River basin, floodwaters originate only within Coastal Plain sediments, maintaining upward hydraulic gradients even during flood events, promoting MeHg transport to the water column, and enhancing MeHg availability in the Edisto River habitat. These results indicate that flood hydrodynamics contribute to the variability in Hg vulnerability between Coastal Plain rivers and that comprehensive regional assessment of the relationship between flood hydrodynamics and Hg risk in Coastal Plain streams is warranted.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1021/es102917j","usgsCitation":"Bradley, P.M., Journey, C.A., Chapelle, F.H., Lowery, M.A., and Conrads, P., 2010, Flood hydrology and methylmercury availability in Coastal Plain rivers: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 44, no. 24, p. 9285-9290, https://doi.org/10.1021/es102917j.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"9285","endPage":"9290","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475575,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index 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Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"44","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f2e4b07f02db5ef17d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606 pbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul","email":"pbradley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Journey, Celeste A. 0000-0002-2284-5851 cjourney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2284-5851","contributorId":2617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Journey","given":"Celeste","email":"cjourney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":349025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chapelle, Francis H. chapelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"Francis","email":"chapelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lowery, Mark A.","contributorId":77872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowery","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Conrads, Paul 0000-0003-0408-4208 pconrads@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0408-4208","contributorId":764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrads","given":"Paul","email":"pconrads@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":349023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70003609,"text":"70003609 - 2010 - Forecasting hurricane impact on coastal topography: Hurricane Ike","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T13:59:21","indexId":"70003609","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forecasting hurricane impact on coastal topography: Hurricane Ike","docAbstract":"Extreme storms can have a profound impact on coastal topography and thus on ecosystems and human-built structures within coastal regions. For instance, landfalls of several recent major hurricanes have caused significant changes to the U.S. coastline, particularly along the Gulf of Mexico. Some of these hurricanes (e.g., Ivan in 2004, Katrina and Rita in 2005, and Gustav and Ike in 2008) led to shoreline position changes of about 100 meters. Sand dunes, which protect the coast from waves and surge, eroded, losing several meters of elevation in the course of a single storm. Observations during these events raise the question of how storm-related changes affect the future vulnerability of a coast.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2010EO070001","usgsCitation":"Plant, N.G., Stockdon, H.F., Sallenger, Turco, M.J., East, J., Taylor, A.A., and Shaffer, W.A., 2010, Forecasting hurricane impact on coastal topography: Hurricane Ike: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 91, no. 7, p. 65-72, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010EO070001.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"65","endPage":"72","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204014,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"91","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de3b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plant, Nathaniel G. 0000-0002-5703-5672 nplant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-5672","contributorId":3503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nplant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stockdon, Hilary F. 0000-0003-0791-4676 hstockdon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0791-4676","contributorId":2153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stockdon","given":"Hilary","email":"hstockdon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sallenger, Jr.","contributorId":105768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sallenger","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Turco, Michael J. mjturco@usgs.gov","contributorId":1011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turco","given":"Michael","email":"mjturco@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":347936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"East, Jeffery W. jweast@usgs.gov","contributorId":1683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"East","given":"Jeffery W.","email":"jweast@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Taylor, Arthur A.","contributorId":54716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Shaffer, Wilson A.","contributorId":7826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Wilson","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70003739,"text":"70003739 - 2010 - Fish population dynamics in a seasonally varying wetland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-13T16:36:06.988419","indexId":"70003739","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fish population dynamics in a seasonally varying wetland","docAbstract":"Small fishes in seasonally flooded environments such as the Everglades are capable of spreading into newly flooded areas and building up substantial biomass. Passive drift cannot account for the rapidity of observed population expansions. To test the reaction-diffusion mechanism for spread of the fish, we estimated their diffusion coefficient and applied a reaction-diffusion model. This mechanism was also too weak to account for the spatial dynamics. Two other hypotheses were tested through modeling. The first--the 'refuge mechanism--hypothesizes that small remnant populations of small fishes survive the dry season in small permanent bodies of water (refugia), sites where the water level is otherwise below the surface. The second mechanism, which we call the 'dynamic ideal free distribution mechanism' is that consumption by the fish creates a prey density gradient and that fish taxis along this gradient can lead to rapid population expansion in space. We examined the two alternatives and concluded that although refugia may play an important role in recolonization by the fish population during reflooding, only the second, taxis in the direction of the flooding front, seems capable of matching empirical observations. This study has important implications for management of wetlands, as fish biomass is an essential support of higher trophic levels.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.12.021","usgsCitation":"DeAngelis, D., Trexler, J.C., Cosner, C., Obaza, A., and Jopp, F., 2010, Fish population dynamics in a seasonally varying wetland: Ecological Modelling, v. 221, no. 8, p. 1131-1137, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.12.021.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1131","endPage":"1137","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203866,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.815185546875,\n              25.095548539604252\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.474853515625,\n              25.095548539604252\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.474853515625,\n              26.175158990178133\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.815185546875,\n              26.175158990178133\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.815185546875,\n              25.095548539604252\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"221","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f3e4b07f02db5ef538","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeAngelis, Donald L. 0000-0002-1570-4057","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":88015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Donald L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trexler, Joel C.","contributorId":36267,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trexler","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7017,"text":"Florida International University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":348602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cosner, Chris","contributorId":38698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cosner","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Obaza, Adam","contributorId":14099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obaza","given":"Adam","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jopp, Fred","contributorId":62336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jopp","given":"Fred","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70003527,"text":"70003527 - 2010 - Identifying sources of dissolved organic carbon in agriculturally dominated rivers using radiocarbon age dating: Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T16:40:08","indexId":"70003527","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying sources of dissolved organic carbon in agriculturally dominated rivers using radiocarbon age dating: Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin, California","docAbstract":"<p><span>We used radiocarbon measurements of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to resolve sources of riverine carbon within agriculturally dominated landscapes in California. During 2003 and 2004, average Δ</span><sup>14</sup><span>C for DOC was −254‰ in agricultural drains in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta, −218‰ in the San Joaquin River, −175‰ in the California State Water Project and −152‰ in the Sacramento River. The age of bulk DOC transiting the rivers of California’s Central Valley is the oldest reported for large rivers and suggests wide-spread loss of soil organic matter caused by agriculture and urbanization. Using DAX 8 adsorbent, we isolated and measured </span><sup>14</sup><span>C concentrations in hydrophobic acid fractions (HPOA); river samples showed evidence of bomb-pulse carbon with average Δ</span><sup>14</sup><span>C of 91 and 76‰ for the San Joaquin and Sacramento Rivers, respectively, with older HPOA, −204‰, observed in agricultural drains. An operationally defined non-HPOA fraction of DOC was observed in the San Joaquin River with seasonally computed Δ</span><sup>14</sup><span>C values of between −275 and −687‰; the source of this aged material was hypothesized to be physically protected organic-matter in high clay-content soils and agrochemicals (i.e., radiocarbon-dead material) applied to farmlands. Mixing models suggest that the Sacramento River contributes about 50% of the DOC load in the California State Water Project, and agricultural drains contribute approximately one-third of the load. In contrast to studies showing stabilization of soil carbon pools within one or two decades following land conversion, sustained loss of soil organic matter, occurring many decades after the initial agricultural-land conversion, was observed in California’s Central Valley.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10533-009-9391-z","usgsCitation":"Sickman, J.O., DiGiorgio, C.L., Davisson, M.L., Lucero, D.M., and Bergamaschi, B., 2010, Identifying sources of dissolved organic carbon in agriculturally dominated rivers using radiocarbon age dating: Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin, California: Biogeochemistry, v. 99, no. 1, p. 79-96, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-009-9391-z.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"79","endPage":"96","ipdsId":"IP-012067","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475577,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-009-9391-z","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":203957,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Joaquin;Sacramento;Contra Costa;Solano","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Delta;San Joaquin River;Sacramento River;Twitchell Island;Bouldin Island;Bacon Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.11666666666666,37.5 ], [ -122.11666666666666,38.5 ], [ -121.25,38.5 ], [ -121.25,37.5 ], [ -122.11666666666666,37.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"99","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-11-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5f9d91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sickman, James O.","contributorId":30741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sickman","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DiGiorgio, Carol L.","contributorId":88071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DiGiorgio","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davisson, M. Lee","contributorId":106248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davisson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lucero, Delores M.","contributorId":88865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucero","given":"Delores","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bergamaschi, Brian A. 0000-0002-9610-5581 bbergama@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":1448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"Brian A.","email":"bbergama@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":347634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70003583,"text":"70003583 - 2010 - Feeding preferences of West Indian manatees in Florida, Belize, and Puerto Rico as indicated by stable isotope analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-02T17:35:48.961882","indexId":"70003583","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Feeding preferences of West Indian manatees in Florida, Belize, and Puerto Rico as indicated by stable isotope analysis","docAbstract":"<p><span>The endangered West Indian manatee&nbsp;</span><i>Trichechus manatus</i><span>&nbsp;has 2 recognized subspecies: the Florida&nbsp;</span><i>T. m. latirostris</i><span>&nbsp;and Antillean&nbsp;</span><i>T. m. manatus</i><span>&nbsp;manatee, both of which are found in freshwater, estuarine, and marine habitats. A better understanding of manatee feeding preferences and habitat use is essential to establish criteria on which conservation plans can be based. Skin from manatees in Florida, Belize, and Puerto Rico, as well as aquatic vegetation from their presumed diet, were analyzed for stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios. This is the first application of stable isotope analysis to Antillean manatees. Stable isotope ratios for aquatic vegetation differed by plant type (freshwater, estuarine, and marine), collection location, and in one instance, season. Carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios for manatee skin differed between collection location and in one instance, season, but did not differ between sex or age class. Signatures in the skin of manatees sampled in Belize and Puerto Rico indicated a diet composed primarily of seagrasses, whereas those of Florida manatees exhibited greater regional variation. Mixing model results indicated that manatees sampled from Crystal River and Homosassa Springs (Florida, USA) ate primarily freshwater vegetation, whereas manatees sampled from Big Bend Power Plant, Ten Thousand Islands, and Warm Mineral Springs (Florida) fed primarily on seagrasses. Possible diet–tissue discrimination values for&nbsp;</span><sup>15</sup><span>N were estimated to range from 1.0 to 1.5‰. Stable isotope analysis can be used to interpret manatee feeding behavior over a long period of time, specifically the use of freshwater vegetation versus seagrasses, and can aid in identifying critical habitats and improving conservation efforts.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research Science Center","doi":"10.3354/meps08450","usgsCitation":"Alves-Stanley, C.D., Worthy, G.A., and Bonde, R.K., 2010, Feeding preferences of West Indian manatees in Florida, Belize, and Puerto Rico as indicated by stable isotope analysis: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 402, p. 255-267, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08450.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"267","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475576,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08450","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382888,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States;Belize;Puerto Rico","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.5185546875,\n              30.826780904779774\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.72656249999999,\n              30.789036751261136\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.078125,\n              31.12819929911196\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.71484375,\n              30.977609093348686\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.4072265625,\n              30.372875188118016\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.8583984375,\n              29.726222319395504\n            ],\n         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},\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.39599609375,\n              18.521283325496277\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.83544921874999,\n              18.020527657852337\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.12109375,\n              17.936928637549443\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.23095703125,\n              15.919073517982426\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.9453125,\n              15.919073517982426\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.39599609375,\n              16.425547506916725\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.08837890625,\n              17.035777250427195\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.13232421875,\n              18.271086109608877\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.39599609375,\n              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rbonde@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9179-4376","contributorId":2675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonde","given":"Robert","email":"rbonde@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70003992,"text":"70003992 - 2010 - Factors controlling the regional distribution of vanadium in ground water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-16T13:37:46.061871","indexId":"70003992","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors controlling the regional distribution of vanadium in ground water","docAbstract":"<p><span>Although the ingestion of vanadium (V) in drinking water may have possible adverse health effects, there have been relatively few studies of V in groundwater. Given the importance of groundwater as a source of drinking water in many areas of the world, this study examines the potential sources and geochemical processes that control the distribution of V in groundwater on a regional scale. Potential sources of V to groundwater include dissolution of V rich rocks, and waste streams from industrial processes. Geochemical processes such as adsorption/desorption, precipitation/dissolution, and chemical transformations control V concentrations in groundwater. Based on thermodynamic data and laboratory studies, V concentrations are expected to be highest in samples collected from oxic and alkaline groundwater. However, the extent to which thermodynamic data and laboratory results apply to the actual distribution of V in groundwater is not well understood. More than 8400 groundwater samples collected in California were used in this study. Of these samples, high (≥50 µg/L) and moderate (25 to 49 µg/L) V concentrations were most frequently detected in regions where both source rock and favorable geochemical conditions occurred. The distribution of V concentrations in groundwater samples suggests that significant sources of V are mafic and andesitic rock. Anthropogenic activities do not appear to be a significant contributor of V to groundwater in this study. High V concentrations in groundwater samples analyzed in this study were almost always associated with oxic and alkaline groundwater conditions, which is consistent with predictions based on thermodynamic data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2009.00666.x","usgsCitation":"Wright, M.T., and Belitz, K., 2010, Factors controlling the regional distribution of vanadium in ground water: Ground Water, v. 48, no. 4, p. 515-525, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2009.00666.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"515","endPage":"525","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":383282,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Southeast California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.400390625,\n              34.994003757575776\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.69628906249999,\n              37.92686760148135\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.58593749999999,\n              38.20365531807149\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.62988281249999,\n              36.56260003738545\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.47656249999999,\n              34.34343606848294\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.27929687499999,\n              33.8339199536547\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.400390625,\n              34.994003757575776\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-06-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d0e4b07f02db5465e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, Michael T. 0000-0003-0653-6466 mtwright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0653-6466","contributorId":1508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Michael","email":"mtwright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70004006,"text":"70004006 - 2010 - Field detection of avian influenza virus in wild birds: evaluation of a portable rRT-PCR system and freeze-dried reagents","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-02T13:47:03.252811","indexId":"70004006","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2496,"text":"Journal of Virological Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Field detection of avian influenza virus in wild birds: evaluation of a portable rRT-PCR system and freeze-dried reagents","docAbstract":"Wild birds have been implicated in the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAIV) of the H5N1 subtype, prompting surveillance along migratory flyways. Sampling of wild birds is often conducted in remote regions, but results are often delayed because of limited local analytical capabilities, difficulties with sample transportation and permitting, or problems keeping samples cold in the field. In response to these challenges, the performance of a portable real-time, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) unit (RAPID(Registered), Idaho Technologies, Salt Lake City, UT) that employed lyophilized reagents (Influenza A Target 1 Taqman; ASAY-ASY-0109, Idaho Technologies) was compared to virus isolation combined with real-time RT-PCR conducted in a laboratory. This study included both field and experimental-based sampling. Field samples were collected from migratory shorebirds captured in northern California, while experimental samples were prepared by spiking fecal material with an H6N2 AIV isolate. Results indicated that the portable rRT-PCR unit had equivalent specificity to virus isolation with no false positives, but sensitivity was compromised at low viral titers. Use of portable rRT-PCR with lyophilized reagents may expedite surveillance results, paving the way to a better understanding of wild bird involvement in HPAIV H5N1 transmission.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.02.029","usgsCitation":"Takekawa, J.Y., Iverson, S.A., Schultz, A.K., Hill, N., Cardona, C.J., Boyce, W.M., and Dudley, J.P., 2010, Field detection of avian influenza virus in wild birds: evaluation of a portable rRT-PCR system and freeze-dried reagents: Journal of Virological Methods, v. 166, no. 1-2, p. 92-97, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.02.029.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"92","endPage":"97","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382875,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"166","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f4d0c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":350113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iverson, Samuel A.","contributorId":52308,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iverson","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":350118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schultz, Annie K. akschultz@usgs.gov","contributorId":3769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"Annie","email":"akschultz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":350114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hill, Nichola J.","contributorId":30342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Nichola J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cardona, Carol J.","contributorId":10536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cardona","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Boyce, Walter M.","contributorId":75671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyce","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dudley, Joseph P.","contributorId":18495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dudley","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70004062,"text":"70004062 - 2010 - Hydrogeologic framework of fractured sedimentary rock, Newark Basin, New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-11T10:16:23","indexId":"70004062","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1864,"text":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogeologic framework of fractured sedimentary rock, Newark Basin, New Jersey","docAbstract":"The hydrogeologic framework of fractured sedimentary bedrock at the former Naval Air Warfare Center (NAWC), Trenton, New Jersey, a trichloroethylene (TCE)-contaminated site in the Newark Basin, is developed using an understanding of the geologic history of the strata, gamma-ray logs, and rock cores. NAWC is the newest field research site established as part of the U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program, Department of Defense (DoD) Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program, and DoD Environmental Security Technology Certification Program to investigate contaminant remediation in fractured rock.\n\nSedimentary bedrock at the NAWC research site comprises the Skunk Hollow, Byram, and Ewing Creek Members of the Lockatong Formation and Raven Rock Member of the Stockton Formation. Muds of the Lockatong Formation that were deposited in Van Houten cycles during the Triassic have lithified to form the bedrock that is typical of much of the Newark Basin. Four lithotypes formed from the sediments include black, carbon-rich laminated mudstone, dark-gray laminated mudstone, light-gray massive mudstone, and red massive mudstone. Diagenesis, tectonic compression, off-loading, and weathering have altered the rocks to give some strata greater hydraulic conductivity than other strata. Each stratum in the Lockatong Formation is 0.3 to 8 m thick, strikes N65 degrees E, and dips 25 degrees to 70 degrees NW. The black, carbon-rich laminated mudstone tends to fracture easily, has a relatively high hydraulic conductivity and is associated with high natural gamma-ray count rates. The dark-gray laminated mudstone is less fractured and has a lower hydraulic conductivity than the black carbon-rich laminated mudstone. The light-gray and the red massive mudstones are highly indurated and tend to have the least fractures and a low hydraulic conductivity.\n\nThe differences in gamma-ray count rates for different mudstones allow gamma-ray logs to be used to correlate and delineate the lithostratigraphy from multiple wells. Gamma-ray logs and rock cores were correlated to develop a 13-layer gamma-ray stratigraphy and 41-layer lithostratigraphy throughout the fractured sedimentary rock research site.\n\nDetailed hydrogeologic framework shows that black carbon-rich laminated mudstones are the most hydraulically conductive. Water-quality and aquifer-test data indicate that groundwater flow is greatest and TCE contamination is highest in the black, carbon- and clay-rich laminated mudstones. Large-scale groundwater flow at the NAWC research site can be modeled as highly anisotropic with the highest component of permeability occurring along bedding planes.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6592.2010.01275.x","usgsCitation":"Lacombe, P., and Burton, W.C., 2010, Hydrogeologic framework of fractured sedimentary rock, Newark Basin, New Jersey: Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation, v. 30, no. 2, p. 35-45, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2010.01275.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"45","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203868,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Newark Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.81640625,\n              40.38839687388361\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.81640625,\n              41.541477666790286\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.85009765625,\n              41.541477666790286\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.85009765625,\n              40.38839687388361\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.81640625,\n              40.38839687388361\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-05-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627a4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lacombe, Pierre J. placombe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacombe","given":"Pierre J.","email":"placombe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":350389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burton, William C. 0000-0001-7519-5787 bburton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7519-5787","contributorId":1293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"William","email":"bburton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70003487,"text":"70003487 - 2010 - Hydrogeology of the potsdam sandstone in northern New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-08T20:27:05.52498","indexId":"70003487","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1180,"text":"Canadian Water Resources Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogeology of the potsdam sandstone in northern New York","docAbstract":"The Potsdam Sandstone of Cambrian age forms a transboundary aquifer that extends across northern New York and into southern Quebec. The Potsdam Sandstone is a gently dipping sequence of arkose, subarkose, and orthoquartzite that unconformably overlies Precambrian metamorphic bedrock. The Potsdam irregularly grades upward over a thickness of 450 m from a heterogeneous feldspathic and argillaceous rock to a homogeneous, quartz-rich and matrix-poor rock. The hydrogeological framework of the Potsdam Sandstone was investigated through an analysis of records from 1,500 wells and geophysical logs from 40 wells, and through compilation of GIS coverages of bedrock and surficial geology, examination of bedrock cores, and construction of hydrogeological sections. The upper several metres of the sandstone typically is weathered and fractured and, where saturated, readily transmits groundwater. Bedding-related fractures in the sandstone commonly form sub-horizontal flow zones of relatively high transmissivity. The vertical distribution of sub-horizontal flow zones is variable; spacings of less than 10 m are common. Transmissivity of individual flow zones may be more than 100 m<sup>2</sup>/d but typically is less than 10 m<sup>2</sup>/d. High angle fractures, including joints and faults, locally provide vertical hydraulic connection between flow zones. Hydraulic head gradients in the aquifer commonly are downward; a laterally extensive series of sub-horizontal flow zones serve as drains for the groundwater flow system. Vertical hydraulic head differences between shallow and deep flow zones range from 1 m to more than 20 m. The maximum head differences are in recharge areas upgradient from the area where the Chateauguay and Chazy Rivers, and their tributaries, have cut into till and bedrock. Till overlies the sandstone in much of the study area; its thickness is generally greatest in the western part, where it may exceed 50 m. A discontinuous belt of bedrock pavements stripped of glacial drift extends across the eastern part of the study area; the largest of these is Altona Flat Rock. Most recharge to the sandstone aquifer occurs in areas of thin, discontinuous till and exposed bedrock; little recharge occurs in areas where this unit is overlain by thick till and clay. Discharge from the sandstone aquifer provides stream and river baseflow and is the source of many springs. A series of springs that are used for municipal bottled water and fish-hatchery supply discharge from 1,000 to 5,000 L/min adjacent to several tributaries east of the Chateauguay River. The major recharge areas for the Chateauguay springs are probably upgradient to the southeast, where the till cover is thin or absent.","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Water Resources Association","doi":"10.4296/cwrj3504399","usgsCitation":"Williams, J., Reynolds, R.J., Franzi, D.A., Romanowicz, E.A., and Paillet, F.L., 2010, Hydrogeology of the potsdam sandstone in northern New York: Canadian Water Resources Journal, v. 35, no. 4, p. 399-416, https://doi.org/10.4296/cwrj3504399.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"399","endPage":"416","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382043,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -74.5,44.61666666666667 ], [ -74.5,45.05 ], [ -73.5,45.05 ], [ -73.5,44.61666666666667 ], [ -74.5,44.61666666666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ee4b07f02db614ee1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, John 0000-0002-6054-6908 jhwillia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6054-6908","contributorId":1553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"John","email":"jhwillia@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, Richard J. 0000-0001-5032-6613 rjreynol@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5032-6613","contributorId":1082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Richard","email":"rjreynol@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Franzi, David A.","contributorId":51894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franzi","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Romanowicz, Edwin A.","contributorId":68870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanowicz","given":"Edwin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Paillet, Frederick L.","contributorId":38191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paillet","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70003383,"text":"70003383 - 2010 - Hydrothermal zebra dolomite in the Great Basin, Nevada--attributes and relation to Paleozoic stratigraphy, tectonics, and ore deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-15T15:28:02.68359","indexId":"70003383","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrothermal zebra dolomite in the Great Basin, Nevada--attributes and relation to Paleozoic stratigraphy, tectonics, and ore deposits","docAbstract":"<p>In other parts of the world, previous workers have shown that sparry dolomite in carbonate rocks may be produced by the generation and movement of hot basinal brines in response to arid paleoclimates and tectonism, and that some of these brines served as the transport medium for metals fixed in Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) and sedimentary exhalative (Sedex) deposits of Zn, Pb, Ag, Au, or barite.</p><p>Numerous occurrences of hydrothermal zebra dolomite (HZD), comprised of alternating layers of dark replacement and light void-filling sparry or saddle dolomite, are present in Paleozoic platform and slope carbonate rocks on the eastern side of the Great Basin physiographic province. Locally, it is associated with mineral deposits of barite, Ag-Pb-Zn, and Au. In this paper the spatial distribution of HZD occurrences, their stratigraphic position, morphological characteristics, textures and zoning, and chemical and stable isotopic compositions were determined to improve understanding of their age, origin, and relation to dolostone, ore deposits, and the tectonic evolution of the Great Basin.</p><p>In northern and central Nevada, HZD is coeval and cogenetic with Late Devonian and Early Mississippian Sedex Au, Zn, and barite deposits and may be related to Late Ordovician Sedex barite deposits. In southern Nevada and southwest California, it is cogenetic with small MVT Ag-Pb-Zn deposits in rocks as young as Early Mississippian. Over Paleozoic time, the Great Basin was at equatorial paleolatitudes with episodes of arid paleoclimates. Several occurrences of HZD are crosscut by Mesozoic or Cenozoic intrusions, and some host younger pluton-related polymetallic replacement and Carlin-type gold deposits.</p><p>The distribution of HZD in space (carbonate platform, margin, and slope) and stratigraphy (Late Neoproterozoic Ediacaran–Mississippian) roughly parallels that of dolostone and both are prevalent in Devonian strata. Stratabound HZD is best developed in Ediacaran and Cambrian units, whereas discordant HZD is proximal to high-angle structures at the carbonate platform margin, such as strike-slip and growth faults and dilational jogs. Fabric-selective replacement and dissolution features (e.g., collapse breccias, voids with geopetal textures) are common, with remaining void space lined with light-colored dolomite crystals that exhibit zoning under cathodoluminescence. Zoned crystals usually contain tiny (&lt;1–3 μm) fluid inclusions with vapor bubbles, requiring Th &gt; ∼70 °C. The oxygen isotopic compositions of HZD are consistent with formation temperatures of 50–150 °C requiring brine circulation to depths of 2–5 km, or more. The few HZD occurrences with the highest concentrations of metals (especially Fe, Mn, and Zn) and the largest isotopic shifts are closely associated with Sedex or MVT deposits known to have formed from hotter brines (e.g., Th &gt; 150–250 °C).</p><p>These relationships permit that HZD formed at about the same time as dolostone, from brines produced by the evaporation of seawater during arid paleoclimates at equatorial paleolatitudes. Both dolostone and HZD may have formed as basinal brines, which migrated seaward from evaporative pans on the platform, with dolostone forming at low temperatures along shallow migration pathways through permeable limestones, and HZD forming at high temperatures along deeper migration pathways through basal aquifers and dilatant high-angle faults. The small MVT deposits were chemical traps where hot brines encountered rocks or fluids containing reduced sulfur. The abundant Sedex deposits mark sites where hot brine discharged at the seafloor in adjacent basins. Thus the distribution of HZD may map deep migration pathways and upflow zones between eastern shallow marine facies, where evaporative brine could have been generated, and western Sedex deposits, where heated brines discharged along faults into platform margin, slope, and basin facies. The small size and scarcity of Pb-Zn deposits and the abundance of barite deposits in the Great Basin suggests the brines were generally reduced, possibly due to reactions with carbonaceous rocks along deep migration pathways. While this scenario may have occurred at several times, the age and abundance of Sedex deposits suggest that such a hydrology was best developed in the Late Ordovician, Late Devonian, and Early Mississippian, possibly in response to episodes of extension and forebulge faults associated with the Antler orogeny. The improved understanding of HZD may aid future exploration for ore deposits in the Great Basin.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES00530.1","usgsCitation":"Diehl, S.F., Hofstra, A., Koenig, A., Emsbo, P., Christiansen, W., and Johnson, C., 2010, Hydrothermal zebra dolomite in the Great Basin, Nevada--attributes and relation to Paleozoic stratigraphy, tectonics, and ore deposits: Geosphere, v. 6, no. 5, p. 663-690, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00530.1.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"663","endPage":"690","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475578,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00530.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382221,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.88281249999999,\n              38.85682013474361\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.0380859375,\n              38.46219172306828\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.0380859375,\n              41.95131994679697\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.01464843749997,\n              41.95131994679697\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.88281249999999,\n              38.85682013474361\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e8b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Diehl, S. F.","contributorId":84780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diehl","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hofstra, A. H. 0000-0002-2450-1593","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-1593","contributorId":41426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofstra","given":"A. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koenig, A.E. 0000-0002-5230-0924","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5230-0924","contributorId":23679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koenig","given":"A.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Emsbo, P.","contributorId":59901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emsbo","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Christiansen, W.","contributorId":22892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christiansen","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, Chad","contributorId":88678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Chad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70003736,"text":"70003736 - 2010 - Hydrological connectivity for riverine fish: measurement challenges and research opportunities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-29T15:15:28","indexId":"70003736","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrological connectivity for riverine fish: measurement challenges and research opportunities","docAbstract":"<ol><li>In this review, we first summarize how hydrologic connectivity has been studied for riverine fish capable of moving long distances, and then identify research opportunities that have clear conservation significance. Migratory species, such as anadromous salmonids, are good model organisms for understanding ecological connectivity in rivers because the spatial scale over which movements occur among freshwater habitats is large enough to be easily observed with available techniques; they are often economically or culturally valuable with habitats that can be easily fragmented by human activities; and they integrate landscape conditions from multiple surrounding catchment(s) with in‐river conditions. Studies have focussed on three themes: (i) relatively stable connections (connections controlled by processes that act over broad spatio‐temporal scales &gt;1000 km<sup>2</sup>&nbsp;and &gt;100 years); (ii) dynamic connections (connections controlled by processes acting over fine to moderate spatio‐temporal scales ∼1–1000 km<sup>2</sup>&nbsp;and &lt;1–100 years); and (iii) anthropogenic influences on hydrologic connectivity, including actions that disrupt or enhance natural connections experienced by fish.<br></li><li>We outline eight challenges to understanding the role of connectivity in riverine fish ecology, organized under three foci: (i) addressing the constraints of river structure; (ii) embracing temporal complexity in hydrologic connectivity; and (iii) managing connectivity for riverine fishes. Challenges include the spatial structure of stream networks, the force and direction of flow, scale‐dependence of connectivity, shifting boundaries, complexity of behaviour and life histories and quantifying anthropogenic influence on connectivity and aligning management goals. As we discuss each challenge, we summarize relevant approaches in the literature and provide additional suggestions for improving research and management of connectivity for riverine fishes.<br></li><li>Specifically, we suggest that rapid advances are possible in the following arenas: (i) incorporating network structure and river discharge into analyses; (ii) increasing explicit consideration of temporal complexity and fish behaviour in the scope of analyses; and (iii) parsing degrees of human and natural influences on connectivity and defining acceptable alterations. Multiscale analyses are most likely to identify dominant patterns of connections and disconnections, and the appropriate scale at which to focus conservation activities.<br></li></ol>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2427.2010.02448.x","usgsCitation":"Fullerton, A., Burnett, K., Steel, E., Flitcroft, R., Pess, G., Feist, B., Torgersen, C.E., Miller, D.J., and Sanderson, B., 2010, Hydrological connectivity for riverine fish: measurement challenges and research opportunities: Freshwater Biology, v. 55, no. 11, p. 2215-2237, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2010.02448.x.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"2215","endPage":"2237","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204117,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-06-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e96f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fullerton, A.H.","contributorId":96817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fullerton","given":"A.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burnett, K.M.","contributorId":101374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnett","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steel, E.A.","contributorId":86886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steel","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flitcroft, R.L.","contributorId":43485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flitcroft","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pess, G.R.","contributorId":33037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pess","given":"G.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Feist, B.E.","contributorId":41571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feist","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Torgersen, Christian E. 0000-0001-8325-2737 ctorgersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-2737","contributorId":146935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torgersen","given":"Christian","email":"ctorgersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Miller, D. J.","contributorId":83185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sanderson, B.L.","contributorId":101796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanderson","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70003467,"text":"70003467 - 2010 - High tsunami frequency as a result of combined strike-slip faulting and coastal landslides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:52","indexId":"70003467","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High tsunami frequency as a result of combined strike-slip faulting and coastal landslides","docAbstract":"Earthquakes on strike-slip faults can produce devastating natural hazards. However, because they consist predominantly of lateral motion, these faults are rarely associated with significant uplift or tsunami generation. And although submarine slides can generate tsunami, only a few per cent of all tsunami are believed to be triggered in this way. The 12 January M<sub>w</sub> 7.0 Haiti earthquake exhibited primarily strike-slip motion but nevertheless generated a tsunami. Here we present data from a comprehensive field survey that covered the onshore and offshore area around the epicentre to document that modest uplift together with slope failure caused tsunamigenesis. Submarine landslides caused the most severe tsunami locally. Our analysis suggests that slide-generated tsunami occur an order-of-magnitude more frequently along the Gonave microplate than global estimates predict. Uplift was generated because of the earthquake's location, where the Caribbean and Gonave microplates collide obliquely. The earthquake also caused liquefaction at several river deltas that prograde rapidly and are prone to failure. We conclude that coastal strike-slip fault systems such as the Enriquillo-Plantain Garden fault produce relief conducive to rapid sedimentation, erosion and slope failure, so that even modest predominantly strike-slip earthquakes can cause potentially catastrophic slide-generated tsunami - a risk that is underestimated at present.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature Geoscience","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","usgsCitation":"Hornbach, M.J., Braudy, N., Briggs, R., Cormier, M., Davis, M.B., Diebold, J.B., Dieudonne, N., Douilly, R., Frohlich, C., Gulick, S.P., Johnson, H.E., Mann, P., McHugh, C., Ryan-Mishkin, K., Prentice, C.S., Seeber, L., Sorlien, C., Steckler, M.S., Symithe, S.J., Taylor, F.W., and Templeton, J., 2010, High tsunami frequency as a result of combined strike-slip faulting and coastal landslides: Nature Geoscience, v. 3, p. 783-788.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"783","endPage":"788","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204075,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":24514,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/v3/n11/full/ngeo975.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db6353a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hornbach, Matthew J.","contributorId":14258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornbach","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Braudy, Nicole","contributorId":32782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braudy","given":"Nicole","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Briggs, Richard W.","contributorId":94027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Richard W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cormier, Marie-Helene","contributorId":79765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cormier","given":"Marie-Helene","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Davis, Marcy B.","contributorId":57728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Marcy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Diebold, John B.","contributorId":66551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diebold","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dieudonne, Nicole","contributorId":23817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dieudonne","given":"Nicole","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Douilly, Roby","contributorId":68173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douilly","given":"Roby","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Frohlich, Cliff","contributorId":96541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frohlich","given":"Cliff","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Gulick, Sean P.S.","contributorId":101151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gulick","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"P.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Johnson, Harold E. 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