Plants, aquatic insects, and mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) were collected from Kesterson Reservoir, Merced County, California, and a nearby reference site (Volta Wildlife Area) to compare concentrations of three contaminants found in 1985 with those reported in 1983 and 1984. Mean selenium concentrations in food-chain organisms from sites at Kesterson in 1985 ranged from 26.0 μg/g (dry wt) in water boatman (Corixidae) to 119 μg/g in mosquitofish. All mean selenium concentrations at Kesterson were significantly higher than those from Volta and were sufficient to have caused the impaired avian reproduction observed at Kesterson. Boron concentrations were also significantly higher at Kesterson, and, at one pond, the mean concentration in widgeongrass (Ruppia mari-tima) (1,630 μg/g) was high enough to impair avian reproduction. There were no differences in arsenic concentrations between locations, and concentrations in all food-chain organisms (<1.9 μg/g) were lower than those reported to cause adverse effects in wildlife. Within-location differences were observed for all three contaminants at Kesterson and for selenium at Volta, but there was no consistent pattern to these differences. Between-year comparisons showed that selenium concentrations in mosquitofish generally decreased at Kesterson, but remained about the same at Volta over the 3 years. Selenium concentrations in insects from 1985 were lower at Kesterson than 1983, but were similar to 1984. Concentrations in plants were generally higher in 1983 and lower in 1984 compared with 1985. Boron concentrations in plants were generally higher in 1985, but in mosquitofish and insects, boron concentrations remained about the same all 3 years. Most arsenic concentrations did not change significantly between years.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01160291","usgsCitation":"Hothem, R.L., and Ohlendorf, H.M., 1989, Contaminants in foods of aquatic birds at Kesterson Reservoir, California, 1985: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 18, p. 773-786, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01160291.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"773","endPage":"786","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130205,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.8613045068121,\n 37.32762574572922\n ],\n [\n -121.02112001477681,\n 37.32762574572922\n ],\n [\n -121.02112001477681,\n 37.102990953108474\n ],\n [\n -120.8613045068121,\n 37.102990953108474\n ],\n [\n -120.8613045068121,\n 37.32762574572922\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db6997ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hothem, R. L.","contributorId":82633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hothem","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ohlendorf, H. M.","contributorId":28194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohlendorf","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1001536,"text":"1001536 - 1989 - Breeding canvasbacks: a test of a habitat model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-27T13:54:49","indexId":"1001536","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3111,"text":"Prairie Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Breeding canvasbacks: a test of a habitat model","docAbstract":"Schroeder (1984) proposed a habitat suitability model for breeding canvasbacks (Aythya valisineria) based on the size, water regime, and emergent vegetation of wetlands. We evaluated the model with data from surveys of canvasbacks on 2265 wetlands in North Dakota, South Dakota, and Minnesota. The model proved inadequate as a predictor of canvasback pair density; the correlation between values produced by the model and canvasback pair densities was r = 0.0023 (P = 0.911). There were, however, suggestions of (1) higher canvasback density and frequency of occurrence on wetlands with more open interiors, and (2) a relation between canvasback density and wetland size that varied according to wetland permanence. We recommend that the model be improved by testing these relations, and possibly by incorporating determinants of water quality or pondweed (Potamogeton spp.) occurrence.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Prairie Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Johnson, D.H., Hammond, M., McDonald, T.L., and Nustad, C., 1989, Breeding canvasbacks: a test of a habitat model: Prairie Naturalist, v. 21, no. 4, p. 193-202.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"202","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb47b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":70327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hammond, M.C.","contributorId":60596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammond","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDonald, T. L.","contributorId":101211,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonald","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nustad, C.L.","contributorId":34481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nustad","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1001544,"text":"1001544 - 1989 - Importance of individual species of predators on nesting success of ducks in the Canadian prairie pothole region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-27T13:59:28","indexId":"1001544","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Importance of individual species of predators on nesting success of ducks in the Canadian prairie pothole region","docAbstract":"We followed 3094 upland nests of several species of ducks. Clutches in most nests were lost to predation. We related daily nest predation rates to indices of activity of eight egg-eating predators, precipitation during the nesting season, and measures of wetland conditions. Activity indices of red fox (Vulpes vulpes), striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis), and raccoon (Procyon lotor) activity were positively correlated, as were activity indices of coyote (Canis latrans), Franklin's ground squirrel (Spermophilus franklinii), and black-billed magpie (Pica pica). Indices of fox and coyote activity were strongly negatively correlated (r = -0.51), as were those of badger (Taxidea taxus) and skunk (r = -0.46). Nest predation rates in the early part of the breeding season were positively related to indices of fox, American crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos), and badger activity. Predation rates in the latter part of the season were positively related to indices of fox and skunk activity. Predation rates on early-season nests were lower in areas and years in which larger fractions of seasonal wetlands contained water. For late-season nests, a similar relationship held involving semipermanent wetlands. We suspect that the wetland measures, which reflect precipitation during some previous period, also indicate vegetation growth and the abundance of buffer prey, factors that may influence nest predation rates.","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/z89-043","usgsCitation":"Johnson, D.H., Sargeant, A.B., and Greenwood, R.J., 1989, Importance of individual species of predators on nesting success of ducks in the Canadian prairie pothole region: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 67, p. 291-297, https://doi.org/10.1139/z89-043.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"291","endPage":"297","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134096,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8fe4b07f02db655358","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641 douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":1387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":311228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sargeant, Alan B.","contributorId":89185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sargeant","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Greenwood, Raymond J.","contributorId":174570,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greenwood","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1001549,"text":"1001549 - 1989 - Carbonate deposition on tail feathers of ruddy ducks using evaporation ponds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-24T14:10:05.937119","indexId":"1001549","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbonate deposition on tail feathers of ruddy ducks using evaporation ponds","docAbstract":"Substantial carbonate deposits were observed on rectrices of Ruddy Ducks (Oxyura jamaicensis) collected during 1982-1984 on evaporation ponds in the San Joaquin Valley, California. Carbonate deposits were composed of about 75% aragonite and 25% calcite, both polymorphous forms of CaCO3. Significantly more carbonate deposits were observed on Ruddy Ducks as length of exposure to agricultural drain water increased, during the 1983-1984 field season when salt concentrations in the ponds were higher, and in certain evaporation-pond systems.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.2307/1368063","usgsCitation":"Euliss, N., Jarvis, R.L., and Gilmer, D., 1989, Carbonate deposition on tail feathers of ruddy ducks using evaporation ponds: Condor, v. 91, p. 803-806, https://doi.org/10.2307/1368063.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"803","endPage":"806","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503091,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/condor/vol91/iss4/6","text":"External Repository"},{"id":130477,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.69604492187499,\n 35.460669951495305\n ],\n [\n -119.1302490234375,\n 35.460669951495305\n ],\n [\n -119.1302490234375,\n 35.871246850027966\n ],\n [\n -119.69604492187499,\n 35.871246850027966\n ],\n [\n -119.69604492187499,\n 35.460669951495305\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"91","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5f00dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Euliss, N.H. Jr.","contributorId":54917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Euliss","given":"N.H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jarvis, R. L.","contributorId":31697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jarvis","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gilmer, D.S.","contributorId":22270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmer","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":2000009,"text":"2000009 - 1989 - Atlantic salmon brood stock management and breeding handbook","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:00","indexId":"2000009","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":8,"text":"Biological Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"89(12)","title":"Atlantic salmon brood stock management and breeding handbook","docAbstract":"Anadromus runs of Atlantic salmon have been restored to the Connecticut, Merrimack, Pawcatuck, Penobscot, and St. Croix rivers in New England by the stocking of more than 8 million smolts since 1948. Fish-breeding methods have been developed that minimize inbreeding and domestication and enhance natural selection. Methods are available to advance the maturation of brood stock, control the sex of production lots and store gametes. Current hatchery practices emphasize the use of sea-run brood stock trapped upon return to the rivers and a limited number of captive brood stock and rejuvenated kelts. Fish are allowed to mature naturally, after which they are spawned and incubated artificially. Generally, 1-year smolts are produced, and excess fish are stocked as fry in headwater streams. Smolts are stocked during periods of rising water in spring. Self-release pools are planned that enable smolts to choose the emigration time. Culturists keep good records that permit evaluation of the performance of strains and the effects of breeding practices. As Atlantic salmon populations expand, culturists must use sound breeding methods that enhance biotic potential while maintaining genetic diversity and protecting unique gene pools.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Kincaid, H.L., and Stanley, J.G., 1989, Atlantic salmon brood stock management and breeding handbook: Biological Report 89(12), 42 p.","productDescription":"42 p.","startPage":"0","endPage":"42","numberOfPages":"42","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198813,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":112039,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA323374"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db6694bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kincaid, Harold L.","contributorId":15978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kincaid","given":"Harold","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanley, Jon G.","contributorId":62958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1001560,"text":"1001560 - 1989 - Duck harvest on public hunting areas in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:45","indexId":"1001560","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Duck harvest on public hunting areas in California","docAbstract":"We summarized hunter visits and success, and the magnitude and species composition of the duck harvest recorded on California public hunting areas (PHAs) during 1950-87. Hunter visits and harvest increased during 1950-74 as new PHAs were added, then declined concurrently with duck populations. Of six geographic regions, the Sacramento Valley, with numerous PHAs and the largest duck concentrations, accounted for the largest portion of PHA hunter visits (28%) and harvest (35%). Duck population levels, regulations, and hunter numbers affected PHA hunter success. Success was highest during 1955-59 but declined with no consistent trend after 1960. Species vulnerability, abundance, distribution, and hunter preference affected harvest composition. Northern pintails, Anas acuta, averaged 27% of the PHA harvest but declined in importance after 1974. Green-winged teal, A. crecca, the most important species in southern regions, averaged 21% of the PHA harvest. Mallards, A. platyrhynchos, averaged 16% of the PHA harvest but increased in importance after 1974 to become the most common duck bagged after 1983. PHA harvest comprised a small (4-16%) portion of the total state harvest. However, this portion increased from 1950-70 because of increased hunter visits to new PHAs and after 1970 because hunter success on PHAs did not decline as on other areas. PHA hunters tended to harvest fewer preferred species and more vulnerable species, as proportions of total bag, than did other hunters. The continued decline in numbers of waterfowl hunters presents important challenges for management of waterfowl areas in California.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"California Fish and Game","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Gilmer, D., Hicks, J., Fleskes, J., and Connelly, D., 1989, Duck harvest on public hunting areas in California: California Fish and Game, v. 75, no. 3, p. 155-168.","productDescription":"p. 155-168","startPage":"155","endPage":"168","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":133609,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db62726f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gilmer, D.S.","contributorId":22270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmer","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hicks, J.M.","contributorId":62544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hicks","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fleskes, J. P.","contributorId":98661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleskes","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Connelly, D.P.","contributorId":30166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connelly","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1007432,"text":"1007432 - 1989 - Rice available to waterfowl in harvested fields in the Sacramento Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T11:57:11","indexId":"1007432","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rice available to waterfowl in harvested fields in the Sacramento Valley, California","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"California Fish and Game","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.R., Sharp, D., Gilmer, D., and Mulvaney, W., 1989, Rice available to waterfowl in harvested fields in the Sacramento Valley, California: California Fish and Game, v. 75, no. 2, p. 113-123.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"113","endPage":"123","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129987,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db602383","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, M. R.","contributorId":19104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sharp, D.E.","contributorId":34460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharp","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gilmer, D.S.","contributorId":22270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmer","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mulvaney, W.R.","contributorId":91811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulvaney","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1001566,"text":"1001566 - 1989 - The last watering holes on the prairie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-02T11:08:37","indexId":"1001566","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2825,"text":"Natural History","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The last watering holes on the prairie","docAbstract":"Abstract has not been submitted","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Natural History","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Krapu, G., 1989, The last watering holes on the prairie: Natural History, v. 1, p. 67-68.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"68","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130285,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db64476d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krapu, Gary L.","contributorId":56994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krapu","given":"Gary L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1001585,"text":"1001585 - 1989 - Wetland bird seasonal abundance and habitat use at Lake Earl and Lake Talawa, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-20T12:07:53","indexId":"1001585","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wetland bird seasonal abundance and habitat use at Lake Earl and Lake Talawa, California","docAbstract":"A study of wetland bird composition, seasonal abundance, and habitat use was conducted on Lake Earl and Lake Talawa in Del Norte County, California from July 1974 through February 1976. Ninety-five species were recorded. Most birds occurred from October to December and during March and April. Diving ducks occurred primarily during fall and winter and were more abundant than surface-feeding waterfowl. Surface-feeding ducks occurred mostly during early and mid fall. Shorebird numbers were highest during spring and fall. The American Coot was the most abundant species recorded. Of all birds recorded, 69% used open water and 11% used flooded or bare mud and sand flats. Sand shores supported the highest densities of birds. Eleven species used six of the seven available habitat types. Freshwater marsh, mud/sandflat, and sand shore habitat types were preferred over other available habitat types. The lakes are an important wetland to migrating birds.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"California Fish and Game","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Funderburk, S., and Springer, P.F., 1989, Wetland bird seasonal abundance and habitat use at Lake Earl and Lake Talawa, California: California Fish and Game, v. 75, no. 2, p. 85-101.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"101","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130415,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db69956f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Funderburk, S.L.","contributorId":95012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funderburk","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Springer, P. F.","contributorId":56590,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Springer","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1001624,"text":"1001624 - 1989 - Rice available to waterfowl in harvested fields in the Sacramento Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:49","indexId":"1001624","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rice available to waterfowl in harvested fields in the Sacramento Valley, California","docAbstract":"Rice fields in the Sacramento Valley, California were sampled in 1985 and 1986 to determine the weight of rice seed remaining in the fields immediately after harvest and again after the fields were burned. No significant differences were found between years (P>0.05). The pooled mean was 388 kg/ha in harvested fields and 276 kg/ha in burned fields. These values are less than estimates previously available. The values for harvested fields both years were no different (P>0.05) than values obtained by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). Surveys of rice fields in December both years showed that most fields were left either harvested (26-32%) or burned (37-40%) through the winter. Fields flooded for duck hunting made up 15% of the total. The proportion of fields plowed by December increased from 14% in 1985 to 22% in 1986. Sixty-three percent of all fields that had been flooded for hunting were drained within two weeks after the end of the hunting season. Harvest yield field size levee type (contour, lasered), straw status (spread, windrowed), harvest date, and rice variety did not affect the quantity of seeds remaining after harvest (P>0.05). One harvester model, the Hardy Harvester, left more rice in fields than did others we tested (P<0.001). Specific management programs are recommended to mitigate annual variation in rice seed availability to waterfowl caused by differences in total hectares grown (15% less in 1986) and in the proportion of fields burned and plowed.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"California Fish and Game","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.R., Sharp, D., Gilmer, D., and Mulvaney, W., 1989, Rice available to waterfowl in harvested fields in the Sacramento Valley, California: California Fish and Game, v. 75, no. 2, p. 113-123.","productDescription":"p. 113-123","startPage":"113","endPage":"123","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134358,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699f0f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, M. R.","contributorId":19104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sharp, D.E.","contributorId":34460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharp","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gilmer, D.S.","contributorId":22270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmer","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mulvaney, W.R.","contributorId":91811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulvaney","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1017328,"text":"1017328 - 1989 - Shed those feathers!","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-06T01:01:41","indexId":"1017328","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1158,"text":"California Waterfowl Association Magazine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shed those feathers!","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"California Waterfowl Association Magazine","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.R., 1989, Shed those feathers!: California Waterfowl Association Magazine, v. 15, no. 1.","productDescription":"p. 23","startPage":"23","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132585,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fae4b07f02db5f3fee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, M. R.","contributorId":19104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1002313,"text":"1002313 - 1989 - Accretion and canal impacts in a rapidly subsiding wetland II: Feldspar marker horizon technique","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-13T15:32:24.835904","indexId":"1002313","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1583,"text":"Estuaries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accretion and canal impacts in a rapidly subsiding wetland II: Feldspar marker horizon technique","docAbstract":"Recent (6–12 month) marsh sediment accretion and accumulation rates were measured with feldspar marker horizons in the vicinity of natural waterways and man-made canals with spoil banks in the rapidly subsiding environment of coastal Louisiana. Annual accretion rates in aSpartina alterniflora salt marsh in the Mississippi deltaic plain averaged 6 mm in marsh adjacent to canals compared to 10 mm in marsh adjacent to natural waterways. The rates, however, were not statistically significantly different. The average rate of sediment accretion in the same salt marsh region for a transect perpendicular to a canal (13 mm yr−1) was significantly greater than the rate measured for a transect perpendicular to a natural waterway (7 mm yr−1). Measurements of soil bulk density and organic matter content from the two transects were also different. This spatial variability in accretion rates is probably related to (1) spoil bank influences on local hydrology; and (2) a locally high rate of sediment input from lateral erosion associated with pond enlargement. In a brackishSpartina patens marsh on Louisiana’s Chenier plain, vertical accretion rates were the same along natural and canal waterways (3–4 mm yr−1) in a hydrologically restricted marsh region. However, the accretion rates for both waterways were significantly lower than the rates along a nonhydrologically restricted natural waterway nearby (11 mm yr−1). The vertical accretion of matter displayed semi-annual differences in the brackish marsh environment.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.2307/1351905","usgsCitation":"Cahoon, D.R., and Turner, R., 1989, Accretion and canal impacts in a rapidly subsiding wetland II: Feldspar marker horizon technique: Estuaries, v. 12, no. 4, p. 260-268, https://doi.org/10.2307/1351905.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"260","endPage":"268","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134009,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.25785034424351,\n 32.50422834736203\n ],\n [\n -92.28541005578998,\n 31.991442873797325\n ],\n [\n -91.99603308455487,\n 31.780834647296302\n ],\n [\n 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32.50422834736203\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e66fe4b0c8380cd47417","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cahoon, Donald R. 0000-0002-2591-5667","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2591-5667","contributorId":65424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cahoon","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":312062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turner, R.E.","contributorId":39749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turner","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16756,"text":"Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":312061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1002382,"text":"1002382 - 1989 - Rising water levels and the future of southeastern Louisiana swamp forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-11T11:28:55","indexId":"1002382","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1583,"text":"Estuaries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rising water levels and the future of southeastern Louisiana swamp forests","docAbstract":"An important factor contributing to the deterioration of wetland forests in Louisiana is increasing water levels resulting from eustatic sea-level rise and subsidence. Analyses of long-term water level records from the Barataria and Verret watersheds in southeastern Louisiana indicate an apparent sea level rise of about 1-m per century, mainly the result of subsidence. Permanent study plots were established in cypress-tupelo stands in these two watersheds. The tree, water level, and subsidence data collected in these plots were entered into the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s FORFLO bottomland hardwood succession model to determine the long-term effects of rising water levels on forest structure. Analyses were made of 50–100 years for a cypress-tupelo swamp site in each basin and a bottomland hardwood ridge in the Verret watershed. As flooding increased, less flood tolerant species were replaced by cypress-tupelo within 50 years. As flooding continued, the sites start to become nonforested. From the test analyses, the FORFLO model seems to be an excellent tool for predicting long-term changes in the swamp habitat of south Louisiana.
","language":"English","doi":"10.2307/1351909","usgsCitation":"Conner, W., and Brody, M., 1989, Rising water levels and the future of southeastern Louisiana swamp forests: Estuaries, v. 12, no. 4, p. 318-323, https://doi.org/10.2307/1351909.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"318","endPage":"323","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134453,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","volume":"12","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a11e4b07f02db600525","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conner, W.H.","contributorId":54165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conner","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brody, M.","contributorId":49325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brody","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1003828,"text":"1003828 - 1989 - Presumed drowning of Aleutian Canada geese on the Pacific coast of California and Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-19T11:37:35","indexId":"1003828","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Presumed drowning of Aleutian Canada geese on the Pacific coast of California and Oregon","docAbstract":"Carcasses of 42 and 17 Aleutian Canada geese (Branta canadensis leucopareia), a federally listed endangered species, were found on ocean beaches near Crescent City, California, and near Pacific City, Oregon, respectively, following severe storms. Necropsies and other information suggest that the birds were flushed during the storms and somehow entered the water where they were washed into the surf and drowned.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-25.2.276","usgsCitation":"Springer, P.F., Lowe, R.W., Stroud, R.K., and Gullett, P.A., 1989, Presumed drowning of Aleutian Canada geese on the Pacific coast of California and Oregon: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 25, no. 2, p. 276-279, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-25.2.276.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"276","endPage":"279","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486829,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-25.2.276","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":131134,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": 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]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a14b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Springer, Paul F.","contributorId":70445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Springer","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lowe, Roy W.","contributorId":50847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lowe","given":"Roy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stroud, Richard K.","contributorId":102837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stroud","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gullett, Patricia A.","contributorId":65428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gullett","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":2000127,"text":"2000127 - 1989 - Prairie basin wetlands of the Dakotas: a community profile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-29T12:50:38","indexId":"2000127","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":8,"text":"Biological Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"85(7.28)","title":"Prairie basin wetlands of the Dakotas: a community profile","docAbstract":"This description of prairie basin wetlands of the Dakotas is part of a series of community profiles on ecologically important wetlands of national significance. The shallow wetlands of the Dakotas form the bulk of the portion of the Prairie Pothole Region lying within the United States. This region is famous as the producer of at least half of North America's waterfowl and an unknown, but large, proportion of other prairie-dwelling marsh and aquatic birds.The wetlands described here lie in relatively small, shallow basins that vary greatly in their ability to maintain surface water, and in their water chemistry, which varies from fresh to hypersaline. These wetlands occur in a wide variety of hydrological settings, in an area where annual and seasonal precipitation varies greatly in form and amount. Thus the presence of surface water in these wetlands is largely unpredictable. Superimposed on these phenomena are the effects of a variety of land uses, including pasture, cultivation, mechanical forage removal, idle conditions and burning. All those factors greatly affect the plant and animal communities found in these basins.This profile covers lacustrine and palustrine basins with temporarily flooded, seasonally flooded, and semipermanently flooded water regimes. Basins with these water regimes compose about 90% of the basins in the Prairie Pothole Region of the Dakotas. This profile outlines the wetland subsystems, classes and subclasses that occur in these basins, and provides a useful reference to their geologic, climatic, hydrologic, and pedologic setting.Detailed information on the biotic environment of the wetlands dealt with in this profile will be useful to scientists and resource managers. Special recognition is paid to the macrophyte and invertebrate communities, which have dynamic qualities found in few other of the world's wetland ecosystems.The most noteworthy animal inhabitants of these basins are waterfowl, which are a resource of international concern. Because of the importance of this resource, much research on the habitat use and feeding ecology of breeding waterfowl has been conducted in the region. These topics receive special attention in this profile.The Prairie Pothole Region is a major world supplier of cereal grains. Consequently, wetlands in the region are often drained for crop production or otherwise cropped when water conditions permit. These practices degrade the value of wetlands for most species of wildlife and conflict with the aims of conservationists. The subject of human uses and impacts to prairie wetlands is thus an important part of this profile.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","usgsCitation":"Kantrud, H., Krapu, G., and Swanson, G., 1989, Prairie basin wetlands of the Dakotas: a community profile: Biological Report 85(7.28), 111 p.","productDescription":"111 p.","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198739,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad2e4b07f02db681c4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kantrud, H.A.","contributorId":28553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kantrud","given":"H.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krapu, Gary L.","contributorId":56994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krapu","given":"Gary L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swanson, G.A.","contributorId":49299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1000570,"text":"1000570 - 1989 - Sublethal effects of phenanthrene, nicotine, and pinane on Daphnia pulex","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-21T12:49:45","indexId":"1000570","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sublethal effects of phenanthrene, nicotine, and pinane on Daphnia pulex","docAbstract":"Chronic studies of Daphnia Pulex exposed to different concentrations of phenanthrene, nicotine, and pinane produced consistent sublethal effects among replicates and concentrations. The LOEC's for growth and fecundity with each chemical tested were 3 to 30% of the 48-hr EC50's. Growth decreased as concentration increased for each chemical tested, and fecundity approached zero at 2 to 5 times the LOEC for each chemical. In this study chemicals representing PAHs, heterocyclic nitrogen compounds, and cyclic alkanes, produced detectable sublethal effects in daphnids at less than 0.1 ppm in water. These chronic studies, in conjuction with the more extensive acute toxicity testing (Passino and Smith 1987; Perry and Smith 1988; Smith et al. 1988), provided a relatively quick but thorough toxicological assessment of a large array of chemicals and demonstrated the relative importance of different classes of compounds in changing growth and survival trends in given populations of native organisms. Classic toxicity tests continue to provide a reliable backdrop of results with which the effects of new chemicals or mixtures can be compared.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01700403","usgsCitation":"Savino, J.F., and Tanabe, L.L., 1989, Sublethal effects of phenanthrene, nicotine, and pinane on Daphnia pulex: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 42, no. 5, p. 778-784, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01700403.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"778","endPage":"784","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133456,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699b9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savino, Jacqueline F. jsavino@usgs.gov","contributorId":2213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savino","given":"Jacqueline","email":"jsavino@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":308799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tanabe, Lila L.","contributorId":105270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanabe","given":"Lila","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1003063,"text":"1003063 - 1989 - Seasonal reproductive development of Lampsilis cardium, Amblema plicata plicata, and Potamilus alatus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-12T11:21:01.498993","indexId":"1003063","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2299,"text":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal reproductive development of Lampsilis cardium, Amblema plicata plicata, and Potamilus alatus","docAbstract":"Adult specimens of three species of freshwater mussels common to the upper Mississippi River were examined histologically to determine seasonal patterns of development in gametogenesis and release of glochidia. Full maturation of gonadal materials in Lampsilis cardium (formerly L. ovata ventricosa), a long-term breeder, occurred when ambient river temperatures reached 24° to 26°C, between late July and early August. By mid-August, glochidia were present in the marsupia. Glochidia were released from late May through mid-June of the following year once water temperatures reached 20°C. The long-term breeder Potamilus alatus demonstrated full gonadal maturation earlier than seen in L. cardium with reproduction completed by late July (26°C). Glochidia of P. alatus were released over a period similar to that observed for L. cardium, late May through early July of the following year. Fully mature Amblema plicata plicata, a short-term breeder, were collected from late May through early July (18° to 21°C). Glochidia were were released from early June to early August of the same year.
White-faced Ibis (Plegadis chihi) eggs collected from two colonies in southern Texas in 1985 had low mean concentrations of DDE (0.14-0.27 ppm wet weight). DDD, the only other organochlorine contaminant detected, was found in only 1 of 20 eggs. DDE concentrations in eggs were not significantly correlated with eggshell thickness. Mean DDE concentrations were significantly higher in eggs collected from nests where not all of the remaining eggs hatched (1.0 ppm) than in eggs collected from nests where all the remaining eggs hatched (0.15 ppm).
","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"Waterbird Society","doi":"10.2307/1521325","usgsCitation":"Custer, T., and Mitchell, C.A., 1989, Organochlorine contaminants in white-faced ibis eggs in southern Texas: Colonial Waterbirds, v. 12, no. 1, p. 126-129, https://doi.org/10.2307/1521325.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"126","endPage":"129","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133872,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Arroyo City, Port Mansfield","otherGeospatial":"Lower Laguna Madre","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.42984771728516,\n 26.5321761726167\n ],\n [\n -97.39688873291016,\n 26.5321761726167\n ],\n [\n -97.39688873291016,\n 26.575478297254726\n ],\n [\n -97.42984771728516,\n 26.575478297254726\n ],\n [\n -97.42984771728516,\n 26.5321761726167\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.4325942993164,\n 26.277716056691347\n ],\n [\n -97.30316162109375,\n 26.277716056691347\n ],\n [\n -97.30316162109375,\n 26.430613192903458\n ],\n [\n -97.4325942993164,\n 26.430613192903458\n ],\n [\n -97.4325942993164,\n 26.277716056691347\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a043","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, T. W. 0000-0003-3170-6519","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-6519","contributorId":91802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"T. W.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":312966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitchell, C. A.","contributorId":54543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1003554,"text":"1003554 - 1989 - A macrophyte submodel for aquatic ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-28T17:51:47.537351","indexId":"1003554","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":861,"text":"Aquatic Botany","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A macrophyte submodel for aquatic ecosystems","docAbstract":"A macrophyte submodel has been incorporated and tested in CE-QUAL-R1, a one-dimensional, vertically averaged model of reservoir water quality. A quasi two-dimensional scheme was necessary to represent the spatial relationship of macrophytes in reservoirs adequately. The macrophyte processes modeled were photosynthesis, dark respiration, excretion and nonpredatory mortality. Process equations for photosynthesis as a function of light and temperature, and dark respiration as a function of temperature were tested using data from laboratory studies. The submodel was field tested, along with other components of CE-QUAL-R1, using data collected at Eau Galle Reservoir, WI, U.S.A.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0304-3770(89)90037-5","usgsCitation":"Collins, C.D., and Wlosinski, J.H., 1989, A macrophyte submodel for aquatic ecosystems: Aquatic Botany, v. 33, no. 3-4, p. 191-206, https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3770(89)90037-5.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"191","endPage":"206","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131379,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Eau Galle Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.25092258188174,\n 44.86636499940943\n ],\n [\n -92.25092258188174,\n 44.85564026067513\n ],\n [\n -92.23459609225418,\n 44.85564026067513\n ],\n [\n -92.23459609225418,\n 44.86636499940943\n ],\n [\n -92.25092258188174,\n 44.86636499940943\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae222","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, Carol Desormeau","contributorId":95020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"Desormeau","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wlosinski, Joseph H.","contributorId":75488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wlosinski","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1003538,"text":"1003538 - 1989 - Metabolism of pentachlorophenol by fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-24T14:59:36","indexId":"1003538","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3800,"text":"Xenobiotica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metabolism of pentachlorophenol by fish","docAbstract":"Interspecies variability in the metabolism of pentachlorophenol (PCP) was investigated by exposing rainbow trout, fathead minnows, sheepshead minnow, firemouth, and goldfish to water-borne super(14)C-PCP for 64 h. The amounts of metabolites in bile and exposure water were species-dependent; all of the metabolites excreted into the water were sulphate conjugates while bile was enriched in glucuronide conjugates. Biliary excretion accounted for less than 30% of the total PCP metabolites. Biliary metabolites alone were a poor indication of the metabolites produced and of the major routes of elimination.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Xenobiotica","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Great Lakes Environ. Res. Lab., NOAA","doi":"10.3109/00498258909034678","usgsCitation":"Stehly, G., and Hayton, W.L., 1989, Metabolism of pentachlorophenol by fish: Xenobiotica, v. 19, no. 1, p. 75-81, https://doi.org/10.3109/00498258909034678.","productDescription":"pp. 75-81","startPage":"75","endPage":"81","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134412,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269922,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00498258909034678"}],"volume":"19","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625429","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stehly, G. R.","contributorId":34081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stehly","given":"G. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayton, W. L.","contributorId":100325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayton","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1003537,"text":"1003537 - 1989 - Disposition of pentachlorophenol in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri): Effect of inhibition of metabolism","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-03T19:17:35.555869","indexId":"1003537","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":874,"text":"Aquatic Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Disposition of pentachlorophenol in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri): Effect of inhibition of metabolism","title":"Disposition of pentachlorophenol in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri): Effect of inhibition of metabolism","docAbstract":"The accumulation kinetics of pentachlorophenol (PCP) were investigated in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) in the absence and presence of 25 mg/1 salicylamide, an inhibitor of PCP metabolism. After exposure to 5 μg/1 PCP over 1–96 h, the amount of PCP in the whole fish, its concentration in water and the total amount of metabolites (water, whole fish and bile) were measured. Equations for these variables, based on a two compartment pharmacokinetic model, were fitted simultaneously to the data using the computer program NONLIN, which uses an iterative nonlinear least squares technique. Salicylamide decreased the metabolic clearance of PCP, which resulted in an increase in the bioconcentration factor (BCF); this increase was partially offset by a salicylamide-induced decrease in the apparent volume of distribution of PCP. A clearance-volume compartment model permitted partitioning of the BCF in terms of the underlying physiologic and biochemical processes (uptake clearance, metabolic clearance and apparent volume of distribution). With this approach the BCF can be categorized as either dependent (e.g., PCP) or independent of uptake and metabolism (elimination) based on the relative sizes of the clearances for uptake and metabolism. Inhibition of PCP metabolism resulted in a loss of its dependence on uptake and metabolism. The BCF estimated as the apparent volume of distribution may be useful for assessment of the risk associated with exposure and bioaccumulation potential, as elimination is generally quite variable among aquatic species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0166-445X(89)90024-6","usgsCitation":"Stehly, G., and Hayton, W.L., 1989, Disposition of pentachlorophenol in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri): Effect of inhibition of metabolism: Aquatic Toxicology, v. 14, no. 2, p. 131-148, https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-445X(89)90024-6.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"148","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198336,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a2c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stehly, G. R.","contributorId":34081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stehly","given":"G. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayton, W. L.","contributorId":100325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayton","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1000580,"text":"1000580 - 1989 - Effect of rearing density on poststocking survival of lake trout in Lake Ontario","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-21T09:22:15","indexId":"1000580","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of rearing density on poststocking survival of lake trout in Lake Ontario","docAbstract":"Six paired lots of yearling lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) reared at densities of 41,000 and 51,000 fish per raceway during their last 9 months in the hatchery were stocked in Lake Ontario. Poststocking survival of the high-density (HD) and low-density (LD) fish was not different for the 1982 year-class. However, for the 1983 year-class, mean survival was significantly different between HD and LD fish (P < 0.01). Mean survival of HD fish was only 76% that of LD fish (P < 0.01), and most of the mortality attributable to rearing conditions had apparently occurred within 2 months after stocking. Mean size at stocking was not different for HD and LD fish of the 1982 year-class, but for the 1983 year-class, the LD fish were 6% longer and 22% heavier than the HD fish. Mean lengths and weights of LD and HD fish were not different in samples collected in Lake Ontario at age 2 and older. Size at stocking was not likely the factor that caused the difference in survival. Rather, the rearing conditions (probably water exchange rate in relation to number of fish in the raceway) that resulted in slower growth of the HD fish of the 1983 year-class also caused them to be poorer physiologically than the LD fish. The number of yearling lake trout per rearing unit that will result in maximum contribution to populations in the Great Lakes after stocking may be lower than the rearing densities customarily used at some hatcheries.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1989)051<0189:EORDOP>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Elrod, J.H., Ostergaard, D.E., and Schneider, C.P., 1989, Effect of rearing density on poststocking survival of lake trout in Lake Ontario: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 51, no. 4, p. 189-193, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1989)051<0189:EORDOP>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"189","endPage":"193","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133359,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae777","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elrod, Joseph H.","contributorId":72737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elrod","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ostergaard, David E.","contributorId":48906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostergaard","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schneider, Clifford P.","contributorId":45251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"Clifford","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1000579,"text":"1000579 - 1989 - Distribution of alewives in southeastern Lake Ontario in autumn and winter: a clue to winter mortalities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-21T09:13:31","indexId":"1000579","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution of alewives in southeastern Lake Ontario in autumn and winter: a clue to winter mortalities","docAbstract":"Alewives Alosa pseudoharengus in the Great Lakes are thought to avoid extreme cold in winter by moving to deep water where the temperature is usually highest because of inverse thermal stratification. Information collected in Lake Ontario during autumn and winter 1981–1984 with an echo sounder and bottom and midwater trawls indicated that many alewives remained at depths above 110 m, regardless of water temperature. Alewives in the Great Lakes that did not descend to greater depths would be exposed to potentially lethal temperatures during cold winters.inters.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1989)118<0687:DOAISL>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Bergstedt, R.A., and O’Gorman, R., 1989, Distribution of alewives in southeastern Lake Ontario in autumn and winter: a clue to winter mortalities: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 118, no. 6, p. 687-692, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1989)118<0687:DOAISL>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"687","endPage":"692","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128837,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"118","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648767","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bergstedt, Roger A. rbergstedt@usgs.gov","contributorId":4174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergstedt","given":"Roger","email":"rbergstedt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":308822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Gorman, Robert rogorman@usgs.gov","contributorId":3451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Gorman","given":"Robert","email":"rogorman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":308821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}