THE contamination of sub-surface water supplies with aromatic compounds is a significant environmental concern1,2. As these contaminated sub-surface environments are generally anaerobic, the microbial oxidation of aromatic compounds coupled to nitrate reduction, sulphate reduction and methane production has been studied intensively1-7. In addition, geochemical evidence suggests that Fe(III) can be an important electron acceptor for the oxidation of aromatic compounds in anaerobic groundwater. Until now, only abiological mechanisms for the oxidation of aromatic compounds with Fe(III) have been reported8-12. Here we show that in aquatic sediments, microbial activity is necessary for the oxidation of model aromatic compounds coupled to Fe(III) reduction. Furthermore, a pure culture of the Fe(III)-reducing bacterium GS-15 can obtain energy for growth by oxidizing benzoate, toluene, phenol or p-cresol with Fe(III) as the sole electron acceptor. These results extend the known physiological capabilities of Fe(III)-reducing organisms and provide the first example of an organism of any type which can oxidize an aromatic hydrocarbon anaerobically.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/339297a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Lovley, D.R., Baedecker, M., Lonergan, D., Cozzarelli, I., Phillips, E.J., and Siegel, D.I., 1989, Oxidation of aromatic contaminants coupled to microbial iron reduction: Nature, v. 339, no. 6222, p. 297-300, https://doi.org/10.1038/339297a0.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"297","endPage":"300","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223502,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"339","issue":"6222","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7263e4b0c8380cd76a83","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lovley, Derek R.","contributorId":107852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovley","given":"Derek","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baedecker, M.J.","contributorId":42702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baedecker","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lonergan, D.J.","contributorId":86110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lonergan","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cozzarelli, I.M. 0000-0002-5123-1007","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":22343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"I.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Phillips, Elizabeth J.P.","contributorId":37475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Elizabeth","middleInitial":"J.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Siegel, D. I.","contributorId":77562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siegel","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70015505,"text":"70015505 - 1989 - Implementation of a hydrodynamic model for the upper Potomac Estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:55","indexId":"70015505","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Implementation of a hydrodynamic model for the upper Potomac Estuary","docAbstract":"A vertically integrated, two-dimensional hydrodynamic/transport model has been implemented for the upper extent of the Potomac Estuary between Indian Head and Morgantown, Md. The model computes water-surface elevations, flow velocities, and time-varying constituent concentrations by numerically integrating finite-difference forms of the equations of mass and momentum conservation in conjunction with transport equations for heat, salt, and dissolved constituents. Previous, preliminary calibration efforts have been extended and validity of the model implementation improved. Field-measured and model-computed water levels compare within ?? 2 cm and maximum computed flood and ebb flow discharges are within 3% of measured values. Indications are that further improvements can be effected.","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1989 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering","conferenceDate":"14 August 1989 through 18 August 1989","conferenceLocation":"New Orleans, LA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","isbn":"0872627195","usgsCitation":"Schaffranek, R.W., and Baltzer, R.A., 1989, Implementation of a hydrodynamic model for the upper Potomac Estuary, Proceedings of the 1989 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering, New Orleans, LA, USA, 14 August 1989 through 18 August 1989, p. 484-492.","startPage":"484","endPage":"492","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224260,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a390ce4b0c8380cd617a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schaffranek, Raymond W.","contributorId":86314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaffranek","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baltzer, Robert A.","contributorId":34269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baltzer","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015535,"text":"70015535 - 1989 - High-resolution seismic-reflection interpretations of some sediment deposits, Antarctic continental margin: Focus on the western Ross Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-04T11:13:38.93447","indexId":"70015535","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-resolution seismic-reflection interpretations of some sediment deposits, Antarctic continental margin: Focus on the western Ross Sea","docAbstract":"Preliminary results from New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, Florida, Nebraska, and Colorado indicate that regional ground-water quality has been affected by human activities. The frequencies of detection of volatile organic compounds and some trace elements were larger in ground water underlying urban or industrial areas in comparison to undeveloped areas. Ground water in agricultural areas generally had larger concentrations of nitrate and an increased frequency of detection of pesticides. Effects of human activities on water quality increased as the intensity of urbanization or irrigation increased. Ground-water pumpage, waste-water discharges into a stream that is hydraulically connected to an alluvial aquifer, and consumptive use of ground water affected the ground-water quality in one study area to a greater extent than land-use practices.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1989.tb00444.x","usgsCitation":"Cain, D., Helsel, D., and Ragone, S., 1989, Preliminary evaluations of regional ground-water quality in relation to land use: Ground Water, v. 27, no. 2, p. 230-244, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1989.tb00444.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"230","endPage":"244","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224378,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a841be4b0c8380cd7c2de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cain, D.","contributorId":31912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Helsel, D.R.","contributorId":57448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helsel","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7242,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, WI, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":371228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ragone, S.E.","contributorId":10425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ragone","given":"S.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015573,"text":"70015573 - 1989 - Uranium in Holocene valley-fill sediments, and uranium, radon, and helium in waters, Lake Tahoe-Carson Range area, Nevada and California, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:00","indexId":"70015573","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1540,"text":"Environmental Geology and Water Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uranium in Holocene valley-fill sediments, and uranium, radon, and helium in waters, Lake Tahoe-Carson Range area, Nevada and California, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"Uraniferous Holocene sediments occur in the Carson Range of Nevada and California, U.S.A., between Lake Tahoe and Carson Valley. The hosts for the uranium include peat and interbedded organic-rich sand, silt, and mud that underly valley floors, fens, and marshes along stream valleys between the crest of the range and the edge of Lake Tahoe. The known uranium accumulations extend along the Carson Range from the area just southeast of South Lake Tahoe northward to the area just east of Carson City; however, they almost certainly continue beyond the study area to the north, west, and south. Due to the young age of the accumulations, uranium in them is in gross disequilibrium with its highly radioactive daughter products. These accumulations have thus escaped discovery with radiation detection equipment in the past. The uranium content of these sediments approaches 0.6 percent; however, the average is in the range of 300-500 ppm. Waters associated with these sediments locally contain as much as 177 ppb uranium. Modest levels of helium and radon also occur in these waters. Uraniferous waters are clearly entering the private and public water supply systems in some parts of the study area; however, it is not known how much uranium is reaching users of these water supplies. Many of the waters sampled in the study area exceed the published health effects guidance level of the Environmental Protection Agency. Regulatory standards for uranium in waters have not been published, however. Much uranium is stored in the sediments along these stream valleys. Estimates for a marsh and a fen along one drainage are 24,000 and 15,000 kg, respectively. The potential effects of man-induced environmental changes on the uranium are uncertain. Laboratory studies of uraniferous sediment rich in organic matter may allow us to evaluate the potential of liberating uranium from such sediments and creating transient increases in the level of uranium moving in water in the natural environment. ?? 1989 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geology and Water Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF01666567","issn":"00990094","usgsCitation":"Otton, J.K., Zielinski, R.A., and Been, J., 1989, Uranium in Holocene valley-fill sediments, and uranium, radon, and helium in waters, Lake Tahoe-Carson Range area, Nevada and California, U.S.A.: Environmental Geology and Water Sciences, v. 13, no. 1, p. 15-28, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01666567.","startPage":"15","endPage":"28","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205407,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01666567"},{"id":223724,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbdabe4b08c986b329167","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Otton, J. K.","contributorId":52589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otton","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zielinski, R. A. 0000-0002-4047-5129","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4047-5129","contributorId":106930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zielinski","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":371264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Been, J.M.","contributorId":26685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Been","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015501,"text":"70015501 - 1989 - The non-participation of organic sulphur in acid mine drainage generation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-11T11:24:37","indexId":"70015501","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1538,"text":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The non-participation of organic sulphur in acid mine drainage generation","docAbstract":"Acid mine drainage is commonly associated with land disturbances that encounter and expose iron sulphides to oxidising atmospheric conditions. The attendant acidic conditions solubilise a host of trace metals. Within this flow regime the potential exists to contaminate surface drinking water supplies with a variety of trace materials. Accordingly, in evaluating the applications for mines located in the headwaters of water sheds, the pre-mining prediction of the occurrence of acid mine drainage is of paramount importance. There is general agreement among investigators that coal organic sulphur is a nonparticipant in acid mine drainage generation; however, there is no scientific documentation to support this consensus. Using simulated weathering, kinetic, mass balance, petrographic analysis and a peroxide oxidation procedure, coal organic sulphur is shown to be a nonparticipant in acid mine drainage generation. Calculations for assessing the acid-generating potential of a sedimentary rock should not include organic sulphur content.
","language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF01758669","issn":"02694042","usgsCitation":"Casagrande, D., Finkelman, R.B., and Caruccio, F., 1989, The non-participation of organic sulphur in acid mine drainage generation: Environmental Geochemistry and Health, v. 11, no. 3-4, p. 187-192, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01758669.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"187","endPage":"192","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224158,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae22e4b08c986b323f1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Casagrande, D.J.","contributorId":13378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casagrande","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finkelman, R. B.","contributorId":20341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkelman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caruccio, F.T.","contributorId":21695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caruccio","given":"F.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015497,"text":"70015497 - 1989 - Artificial reef observations from a manned submersible off southeast Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:56","indexId":"70015497","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1106,"text":"Bulletin of Marine Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Artificial reef observations from a manned submersible off southeast Florida","docAbstract":"Examination of 16 artificial reef structures in depths ranging from 30-120m indicated that the highest numbers of fish are found around reefs in water shallower than 46m. Fewer fish, especially those with tropical coral reef affinities, <46m was probably caused by a thermocline. Algae and reef community encrusters, abundant on shallower structures, were absent below 46m. Structures that penetrated above the thermocline, such as upright oil rigs and a hopper barge, were also effective reefs. The open structure and high profile of the rigs enhance their use as artificial reefs by providing a range of well-aerated habitats. Greatest diversity and numbers of fish were observed at the Miami sewer outfall. -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Marine Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00074977","usgsCitation":"Shinn, E., and Wicklund, R., 1989, Artificial reef observations from a manned submersible off southeast Florida: Bulletin of Marine Science, v. 44, no. 2, p. 1041-1050.","startPage":"1041","endPage":"1050","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224154,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edb1e4b0c8380cd49955","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shinn, E.A.","contributorId":38610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shinn","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wicklund, R.I.","contributorId":89669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wicklund","given":"R.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015343,"text":"70015343 - 1989 - Retention and transport of nutrients in a third-order stream in northwestern California; hyporheic processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-27T11:38:00","indexId":"70015343","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Retention and transport of nutrients in a third-order stream in northwestern California; hyporheic processes","docAbstract":"Chloride and nitrate were coinjected into the surface waters of a third—order stream for 20 d to examine solute retention, and the fate of nitrate during subsurface transport. A series of wells (shallow pits) 0.5—10 m from the adjacent channel were sampled to estimate the lateral interflow of water. Two subsurface return flows beneath the wetted channel were also examined. The conservative tracer (chloride) was hydrologically transported to all wells. Stream water was >88% of flow in wells <4 m from the wetted channel. The lowest percentage of stream water was 47% at a well 10 m perpendicular to the stream. Retention of solutes was greater in the hyporheic zone than in the channel under summer low—flow conditions. Nominal travel time (the interval required for chloride concentration to reach 50% of the plateau concentration) was variable by well location, indicating different flow paths and presumably permeability differences in subsurface gravels. Nominal travel time was M 24 h for wells <5 m from the wetted channel. Coinjected nitrate was not conservative. Two wells were significantly (P < .05) higher in nitrate—N than would be predicted from chloride, while four were significantly lower. Wells 2.0—4.0 m from the wetted channel tended to have higher nitrate concentration than predicted, whereas nitrate sink locations tended to have transport distances >4.3 m. The capacity of the hyporheic zone for transient solute storage and as potential biological habitat varies with channel morphology, bed roughness, and permeability. A conceptual model that considers the groundwater—stream water interface as the fluvial boundary is proposed. Emerging paradigms of the riverine network should consider the hyporheic zone and associated nutrient cycling as an integral component of fluvial structure and function.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.2307/1938120","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Triska, F., Kennedy, V.C., Avanzino, R., Zellweger, G.W., and Bencala, K., 1989, Retention and transport of nutrients in a third-order stream in northwestern California; hyporheic processes: Ecology, v. 70, no. 6, p. 1893-1905, https://doi.org/10.2307/1938120.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1893","endPage":"1905","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224089,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1989-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aac04e4b0c8380cd86aeb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Triska, F.J.","contributorId":69560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Triska","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, V. C.","contributorId":46080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Avanzino, R.J.","contributorId":37336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avanzino","given":"R.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zellweger, G. W.","contributorId":55445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zellweger","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bencala, K.E.","contributorId":105312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":30241,"text":"wri884224 - 1989 - Ground-water contamination at an inactive coal and oil gasification plant site, Gas Works Park, Seattle, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-11T19:51:41.319353","indexId":"wri884224","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4224","title":"Ground-water contamination at an inactive coal and oil gasification plant site, Gas Works Park, Seattle, Washington","docAbstract":"Gas Works Park, in Seattle, Washington, is located on the site of a coal and oil gasification plant that ceased operation in 1956. During operation, many types of wastes, including coal, tar, and oil, accumulated on site. The park soil is presently (1986) contaminated with compounds such as polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, trace metals, and cyanide. Analyses of water samples from a network of observation wells in the park indicate that these compounds are also present in the groundwater. Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and volatile organic compounds were identified in groundwater samples in concentrations as large as 200 mg/L. Concentrations of organic compounds were largest where groundwater was in contact with a nonaqueous phase liquid in the soil. Concentrations in groundwater were much smaller where no nonaqueous phase liquid was present, even if the groundwater was in contact with contaminated soils. This condition is attributed to weathering processes at the site, such as dissolution, volatilization, and biodegradation. Soluble, volatile, low-molecular-weight organic compounds are preferentially dissolved from the nonaqueous phase liquid into the groundwater. Where no nonaqueous phase liquid is present, only stained soils containing relatively insoluble, high-molecular-weight compounds remain; therefore, contaminant concentrations in the groundwater are much smaller. Concentrations of organic contaminants in the soils may still remain large. Values of specific conductance were as large as 5,280 microsiemens/cm, well above a background of 242 microsiemens/cm, suggesting large concentrations of minerals in the groundwater. Trace metal concentrations, however , were generally < 0.010 mg/L, and below limits of US EPA drinking water standards. Cyanide was present in groundwater samples from throughout the park, ranging in concentration from 0.01 to 8.6 mg/L.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri884224","usgsCitation":"Turney, G.L., and Goerlitz, D., 1989, Ground-water contamination at an inactive coal and oil gasification plant site, Gas Works Park, Seattle, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4224, iv, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884224.","productDescription":"iv, 31 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":415595,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47120.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":59018,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4224/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123550,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4224/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","city":"Seattle","otherGeospatial":"Gas Works Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.3387400465412,\n 47.64726213325696\n ],\n [\n -122.3387400465412,\n 47.64411681110258\n ],\n [\n -122.33190186800769,\n 47.64411681110258\n ],\n [\n -122.33190186800769,\n 47.64726213325696\n ],\n [\n -122.3387400465412,\n 47.64726213325696\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699a06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Turney, G. L.","contributorId":95070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turney","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goerlitz, D.F.","contributorId":8445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goerlitz","given":"D.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30652,"text":"wri894084 - 1989 - Flood of April 4-5, 1987, in southeastern New York State, with flood profiles of Schoharie Creek","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-10T18:57:26.942663","indexId":"wri894084","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4084","title":"Flood of April 4-5, 1987, in southeastern New York State, with flood profiles of Schoharie Creek","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri894084","usgsCitation":"Zembrzuski, T.J., and Evans, M.L., 1989, Flood of April 4-5, 1987, in southeastern New York State, with flood profiles of Schoharie Creek: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4084, v, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894084.","productDescription":"v, 41 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121667,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4084/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59425,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4084/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":415523,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47192.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Schoharie Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.4333,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -75.4333,\n 41.2667\n ],\n [\n -73.75,\n 41.2667\n ],\n [\n -73.75,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -75.4333,\n 43\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f2e4b07f02db5eef34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zembrzuski, T. J.","contributorId":38195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zembrzuski","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, M. L.","contributorId":88787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28399,"text":"wri894064 - 1989 - Flow and hydraulic characteristics of the Knik-Matanuska River estuary, Cook Inlet, southcentral Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-07T22:47:05.452273","indexId":"wri894064","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4064","title":"Flow and hydraulic characteristics of the Knik-Matanuska River estuary, Cook Inlet, southcentral Alaska","docAbstract":"A study of the riverine-estuarine reach of the Knik and Matanuska Rivers provided flow and hydraulic data for use in the design of additional bridges over the rivers. Hydraulic analysis is complicated because: (1) the lower reaches of the rivers merge in a complex system of interconnected channels; and (2) this reach is subject to unsteady flow conditions resulting from a semidiurnal tide wave propagated up the channel through Knik Arm from Cook Inlet, whose tidal range is among the largest in the world. Analysis of flows for the Knik River is further complicated by the historic formation and outburst flooding of glacier-dammed Lake George in the Upper Knik River basin. Peak flows on the Knik River due to breakout floods were as much as seven times greater than peak flows of non-breakout floods. The U.S. Geological Survey 's branch-network flow model was used to simulate flows within the study reach. For the Knik River, simulated flows were within 10% of measured values in most cases. The model was also used to simulate the flow, stage, and velocity that would be expected in the various channels under different bridge configurations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri894064","usgsCitation":"Lipscomb, S.W., 1989, Flow and hydraulic characteristics of the Knik-Matanuska River estuary, Cook Inlet, southcentral Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4064, Report: v, 52 p.; 1 Plate: 16.06 x 11.01 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894064.","productDescription":"Report: v, 52 p.; 1 Plate: 16.06 x 11.01 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":413827,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47178.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":118928,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4064/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57206,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4064/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57205,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4064/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Cook Inlet, Knik-Matanuska River estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -149.2397,\n 61.5778\n ],\n [\n -149.2397,\n 61.4803\n ],\n [\n -149,\n 61.4803\n ],\n [\n -149,\n 61.5778\n ],\n [\n -149.2397,\n 61.5778\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d8e4b07f02db5df594","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lipscomb, S. W.","contributorId":65083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipscomb","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26638,"text":"wri894062 - 1989 - Statistical and simulation analysis of hydraulic-conductivity data for Bear Creek and Melton Valleys, Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-28T18:52:09.554135","indexId":"wri894062","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4062","title":"Statistical and simulation analysis of hydraulic-conductivity data for Bear Creek and Melton Valleys, Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee","docAbstract":"A total of 338 single-well aquifer tests from Bear Creek and Melton Valley, Tennessee were statistically grouped to estimate hydraulic conductivities for the geologic formations in the valleys. A cross-sectional simulation model linked to a regression model was used to further refine the statistical estimates for each of the formations and to improve understanding of ground-water flow in Bear Creek Valley. Median hydraulic-conductivity values were used as initial values in the model. Model-calculated estimates of hydraulic conductivity were generally lower than the statistical estimates. Simulations indicate that (1) the Pumpkin Valley Shale controls groundwater flow between Pine Ridge and Bear Creek; (2) all the recharge on Chestnut Ridge discharges to the Maynardville Limestone; (3) the formations having smaller hydraulic gradients may have a greater tendency for flow along strike; (4) local hydraulic conditions in the Maynardville Limestone cause inaccurate model-calculated estimates of hydraulic conductivity; and (5) the conductivity of deep bedrock neither affects the results of the model nor does it add information on the flow system. Improved model performance would require: (1) more water level data for the Copper Ridge Dolomite; (2) improved estimates of hydraulic conductivity in the Copper Ridge Dolomite and Maynardville Limestone; and (3) more water level data and aquifer tests in deep bedrock.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri894062","usgsCitation":"Connell, J.F., and Bailey, Z., 1989, Statistical and simulation analysis of hydraulic-conductivity data for Bear Creek and Melton Valleys, Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4062, v, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894062.","productDescription":"v, 49 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416520,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47176.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":55511,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4062/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157861,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4062/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Bear Creek, Melton Valley, Oak Ridge Resevation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.4167,\n 36.0319\n ],\n [\n -84.4167,\n 35.9\n ],\n [\n -84.2194,\n 35.9\n ],\n [\n -84.2194,\n 36.0319\n ],\n [\n -84.4167,\n 36.0319\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699c42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Connell, J. F.","contributorId":88779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connell","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailey, Z. C.","contributorId":54587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"Z. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26690,"text":"wri894007 - 1989 - Effects of land use on the water quality and biota of three streams in the Piedmont province of North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-07T20:54:54.680123","indexId":"wri894007","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4007","title":"Effects of land use on the water quality and biota of three streams in the Piedmont province of North Carolina","docAbstract":"Three small streams in North Carolina 's northern Piedmont were studied to compare the effects of land use in their watersheds on water quality characteristics and aquatic biota. Devil 's Cradle Creek (agricultural watershed) had more than two times the sediment yield of Smith Creek (forested watershed) (0.34 tons/acre compared to 0.13 tons/acre), and Marsh Creek (urban watershed) had more than four times the yield of Smith Creek (0.59 tons/acre). Concentrations of nutrients were consistently highest in Devil 's Craddle Creek. Concentrations of total copper, iron, and lead in samples from each of the three streams at times exceeded State water quality standards as did concentrations of total zinc in samples from both Smith and Marsh Creeks. Successively lower aquatic invertebrate taxa richness was found in the forested, the agricultural, and the urban watershed streams. Invertebrate biota in Smith Creek was dominated by insects, such as Ephemeroptera, that are intolerant to stress from pollution, whereas Devil 's Cradle Creek was dominated by the more tolerant Diptera, and Marsh Creek was dominated by the most pollution-tolerant group, the Oligochaeta. Fish communities in the forested and agricultural watershed streams were characterized by more species and more individuals of each species, relative to a limited community in urban Marsh Creek. Three independent variables closely linked to land use--suspended-sediment yield, suspended-sediment load, and total lead concentrations in stream water--are inversely associated with the biological communities of the streams.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri894007","usgsCitation":"Crawford, J.K., and Lenat, D.R., 1989, Effects of land use on the water quality and biota of three streams in the Piedmont province of North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4007, vi, 67 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894007.","productDescription":"vi, 67 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415470,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47137.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":123660,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4007/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55553,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4007/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Piedmont Province, Smith Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.525,\n 35.7667\n ],\n [\n -78.525,\n 36.2417\n ],\n [\n -78.6667,\n 36.2417\n ],\n [\n -78.6667,\n 35.7667\n ],\n [\n -78.525,\n 35.7667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ec79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crawford, J. K.","contributorId":18396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lenat, D. R.","contributorId":29478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lenat","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":93818,"text":"93818 - 1989 - Riverine and deepwater habitats for diving ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-29T13:32:21","indexId":"93818","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Riverine and deepwater habitats for diving ducks","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Habitat management for migrating and wintering waterfowl in North America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Texas Tech University Press","publisherLocation":"Lubbock, TX","usgsCitation":"Korschgen, C.E., 1989, Riverine and deepwater habitats for diving ducks, chap. of Habitat management for migrating and wintering waterfowl in North America, p. 157-180.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"157","endPage":"180","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128277,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699ec7","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Smith, Loren M.","contributorId":88876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Loren M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505170,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pederson, Roger L.","contributorId":112367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pederson","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505171,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kaminski, Richard M.","contributorId":78205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaminski","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17848,"text":"Mississippi State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":505169,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Korschgen, C. E.","contributorId":9197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Korschgen","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":297978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":44809,"text":"wri894016 - 1989 - Louisiana ground-water map no. 2: Potentiometric surface, 1987, of the Gonzales-New Orleans aquifer in southeastern Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-14T21:53:01.484525","indexId":"wri894016","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4016","title":"Louisiana ground-water map no. 2: Potentiometric surface, 1987, of the Gonzales-New Orleans aquifer in southeastern Louisiana","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri894016","usgsCitation":"Fendick, R., 1989, Louisiana ground-water map no. 2: Potentiometric surface, 1987, of the Gonzales-New Orleans aquifer in southeastern Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4016, 1 Plate: 27.56 x 25.33 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894016.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 27.56 x 25.33 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":167911,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":414147,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_49227.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":82139,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4016/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Gonzales-New Orleans aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.5833,\n 30.333\n ],\n [\n -90.5833,\n 29.6667\n ],\n [\n -89.5,\n 29.6667\n ],\n [\n -89.5,\n 30.333\n ],\n [\n -90.5833,\n 30.333\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a70e4b07f02db641ca4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fendick, Robert B. Jr. rfendick@usgs.gov","contributorId":1313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fendick","given":"Robert B.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rfendick@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":230477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":47723,"text":"wri874234 - 1989 - Potentiometric surface of the lower Cape Fear aquifer in the central coastal plain of North Carolina, December 1986","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-18T18:36:50.931414","indexId":"wri874234","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4234","title":"Potentiometric surface of the lower Cape Fear aquifer in the central coastal plain of North Carolina, December 1986","docAbstract":"Water level measurements were made in four wells open to the lower Cape Fear aquifer at the end of 1986 to determine the configuration of its potentiometric surface over an area of approximately 4,100 sq mi. Because of the scarcity of data, five earlier measurements were also used to help estimate the position of the potentiometric contours. These were one-time measurements in temporary observation wells. A broad cone of depression has formed in the area between Kinston and New Bern where the potentiometric surface is below sea level and seems likely related to large groundwater withdrawals from the aquifers overlying the lower Cape Fear in that area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874234","usgsCitation":"Winner, M.D., Lyke, W.L., and Brockman, A., 1989, Potentiometric surface of the lower Cape Fear aquifer in the central coastal plain of North Carolina, December 1986: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4234, 1 Plate: 11.70 x 13.83 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874234.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 11.70 x 13.83 inches","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":162196,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":415929,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46887.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":84630,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4234/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Cape Fear aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.75,\n 34.6667\n ],\n [\n -77.75,\n 35.9167\n ],\n [\n -77,\n 35.9167\n ],\n [\n -77,\n 34.6667\n ],\n [\n -77.75,\n 34.6667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db682e8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winner, M. D. Jr.","contributorId":51766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winner","given":"M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyke, William L.","contributorId":38616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyke","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brockman, Allen R.","contributorId":91828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brockman","given":"Allen R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":44385,"text":"wri874249 - 1989 - Changes in saltwater intrusion in the Biscayne aquifer, Hialeah-Miami Springs area, Dade County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-03T22:46:51.681639","indexId":"wri874249","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4249","title":"Changes in saltwater intrusion in the Biscayne aquifer, Hialeah-Miami Springs area, Dade County, Florida","docAbstract":"A lobe of salty groundwater that had intruded the Hialeah-Miami Springs area municipal well field, adjacent to the Miami and Tamiami Canals in Dade County, Florida, was stabilized after flow-regulation structures were installed in the canals in 1946. However, in 1971, the saltwater began to readvance toward the center of the well field because of water level declines caused by large increases in withdrawals during a near-record dry season. To better protect the well field, a temporary flow-regulation structure, constructed in 1971, in the Tamiami Canal was moved in 1976 to a permanent site, about 3,000 ft farther seaward; this converted that tidal reach of canal to a controlled reach under a sustained freshwater head. This water management procedure resulted in dilution of the intruding saltwater lobe and a marked concentration of its size even though large municipal withdrawals continued. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874249","usgsCitation":"Klein, H., and Ratzlaff, K.W., 1989, Changes in saltwater intrusion in the Biscayne aquifer, Hialeah-Miami Springs area, Dade County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4249, 1 Plate: 36.57 x 24.33 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874249.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 36.57 x 24.33 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":168020,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":81676,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4249/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":413687,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46900.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Dade County","otherGeospatial":"Hialeah-Miami Springs area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.3214,\n 25.8542\n ],\n [\n -80.3214,\n 25.7717\n ],\n [\n -80.2492,\n 25.7717\n ],\n [\n -80.2492,\n 25.8542\n ],\n [\n -80.3214,\n 25.8542\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6969","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klein, Howard","contributorId":62189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klein","given":"Howard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ratzlaff, Karl W.","contributorId":99177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratzlaff","given":"Karl","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":47724,"text":"wri874235 - 1989 - Potentiometric surface of the upper Cape Fear aquifer in the central coastal plain of North Carolina, December 1986","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-31T19:37:12.565773","indexId":"wri874235","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4235","title":"Potentiometric surface of the upper Cape Fear aquifer in the central coastal plain of North Carolina, December 1986","docAbstract":"Water-level measurements were made in 84 wells open to the upper Cape Fear aquifer at the end of 1986 to determine the configuration of its potentiometric surface over an area of approximately 5,500 sq mi. The major feature of the potentiometric surface is the development of a large, almost circular cone of depression as a result of the merging of a number of smaller cones. The center of the large cone lies along an axis between Greenville and Kinston. The potentiometric surface in the upper Cape Fear is nearly 100 ft below sea level at Greenville; it is more than 100 ft above sea level south of the Neuse River near Colorado.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874235","usgsCitation":"Winner, M.D., Lyke, W.L., and Brockman, A., 1989, Potentiometric surface of the upper Cape Fear aquifer in the central coastal plain of North Carolina, December 1986: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4235, 1 Plate: 11.67 x 13.77 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874235.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 11.67 x 13.77 inches","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":162197,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":415029,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46888.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":84631,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4235/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Coastal Plain, upper Cape Fear aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.1667,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -78.1667,\n 34.5833\n ],\n [\n -77,\n 34.5833\n ],\n [\n -77,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -78.1667,\n 36\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db682eb3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winner, M. D. Jr.","contributorId":51766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winner","given":"M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyke, William L.","contributorId":38616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyke","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brockman, Allen R.","contributorId":91828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brockman","given":"Allen R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":47725,"text":"wri874236 - 1989 - Potentiometric surface of the Peedee aquifer in the central coastal plain of North Carolina, December 1986","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-31T19:30:05.086041","indexId":"wri874236","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4236","title":"Potentiometric surface of the Peedee aquifer in the central coastal plain of North Carolina, December 1986","docAbstract":"Water level measurements were made in 37 wells open to the Peedee aquifer at the end of 1986 to determine the configuration of its potentiometric surface over an area of about 4,100 square miles in the central Coastal Plain of North Carolina. The potentiometric surface of the Peedee slopes southeastward from an altitude of more than 100 ft above sea level along the western limits of the aquifer to less than 20 ft near the coastline. Several cones of depression have formed in response to the effects of groundwater pumpage. The largest cone occurs near the City of Jacksonville in Onslow County where the potentiometric surface is nearly 70 ft below sea level.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874236","usgsCitation":"Brockman, A., Lyke, W.L., and Winner, M.D., 1989, Potentiometric surface of the Peedee aquifer in the central coastal plain of North Carolina, December 1986: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4236, 1 Plate: 11.54 x 13.77 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874236.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 11.54 x 13.77 inches","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":161985,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":415028,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46889.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":84632,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4236/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Coastal Plain, Peedee aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.89306640625,\n 34.08906131584994\n ],\n [\n -77.77221679687499,\n 34.252676117101515\n ],\n [\n -77.62939453125,\n 34.379712580462176\n ],\n [\n -77.2998046875,\n 34.56085936708384\n ],\n [\n -77.574462890625,\n 34.93097858831627\n ],\n [\n -77.28881835937499,\n 35.27701633139884\n ],\n [\n -77.27783203124999,\n 35.98689628443789\n ],\n [\n -78.36547851562499,\n 36.37706783983682\n ],\n [\n -79.07958984375,\n 35.862343734896484\n ],\n [\n -78.99169921875,\n 35.36217605914681\n ],\n [\n -78.60717773437499,\n 35.31736632923788\n ],\n [\n -78.25561523437499,\n 35.01200204316073\n ],\n [\n -78.44238281249999,\n 34.50655662164561\n ],\n [\n -77.89306640625,\n 34.08906131584994\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db682f24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brockman, Allen R.","contributorId":91828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brockman","given":"Allen R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyke, William L.","contributorId":38616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyke","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Winner, M. D. Jr.","contributorId":51766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winner","given":"M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70137840,"text":"70137840 - 1989 - Impacts of exploratory drilling for oil and gas on the benthic environment of Georges Bank","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-05T11:46:18","indexId":"70137840","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2664,"text":"Marine Environmental Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of exploratory drilling for oil and gas on the benthic environment of Georges Bank","docAbstract":"A 3-year monitoring program was performed to assess the impacts of exploratory drilling for oil and gas on the benthic environment of Georges Bank, an important commercial fishery region in the North Atlantic east of Massachusetts, USA. Surficial sediments were sampled for chemical and benthic infaunal analysis and bottom still photographs were taken to document bottom microtopography and epifauna at 46 stations during 12 field surveys. The surveys were performed quarterly from just before drilling began, during drilling, and for nearly 2 years after completion of drilling. Two of the eight drilling sites were selected for monitoring. Twenty-nine stations were positioned in a tight radial array around a drilling site in 80 m of water. A second group of three stations was positioned near another drilling site in 140 m of water. The remaining stations covered a broad expanse of the Bank and adjacent suspected sites of deposition of fine-grained sediments.\\
\n\n
Of the 12 elements analyzed in bulk sediments, only barium increased in concentration during the period when drilling was taking place (July 1981 to September 1982). The concentration of barium in surficial sediment increased 4·7-fold from 28 ppm before drilling to 131·7 ppm after drilling at the station closest to the drilling site in 80 m of water and 5·9-fold from 32 ppm before drilling to 172 ppm after drilling at the station closest to the drilling site in 140 m of water. The concentrations of both barium and chromium increased in the fine (silt/clay) fraction (usually less than 5% by weight of sediment from most stations) of sediments from several stations around one or both rig sites monitored during the period of drilling. Elevated concentrations of chromium (about two-fold) occurred only in sediments near the drilling site in 140 m of water. Statistically significant increases in the concentration of barium in the fine fraction to sediment were detected approximately 65 km west (downcurrent) and 35 km east of the drilling site in 80 m of water after drilling was completed.
\n\n
The benthic fauna were abundant and diverse throughout the study area. At most stations, the dominant species remained nearly the same from one season to another over the 3 years of sampling. Polychaetes were the most abundant, followed by crustaceans. The number of individuals of some species, particularly the amphipods Erichthonius fasciatus and Unciola inermis, showed large seasonal variations.
\n\n
Cluster analysis revealed a strong relationship between community structure and both sediment type and water depth. Little seasonal variation was detected, but some interannual differences were revealed by cluster analysis and correspondence analysis. The replicates from a station always resembled each other more than they resembled any replicates from other stations. In addition, the combined replicates from a station always clustered with samples from that station taken on other cruises. This excellent replication and uniformity of the benthic infaunal community at a station over time made it possible to detect very subtle changes in community parameters that might be related to discharges of drilling fluid and drill cuttings. Nevertheless, no changes were detected in benthic communities of Georges Bank that could be attributed to drilling activities.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0141-1136(89)90002-0","usgsCitation":"Neff, J.M., Bothner, M., Maciolek, N.J., and Grassle, J.F., 1989, Impacts of exploratory drilling for oil and gas on the benthic environment of Georges Bank: Marine Environmental Research, v. 27, no. 2, p. 77-114, https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-1136(89)90002-0.","productDescription":"38 p.","startPage":"77","endPage":"114","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297172,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Georges Bank","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.23486328124999,\n 42.827638636242284\n ],\n [\n -69.6533203125,\n 42.85985981506279\n ],\n [\n -69.98291015625,\n 41.57436130598913\n ],\n [\n -73.54248046875,\n 42.08191667830631\n ],\n [\n -73.23486328124999,\n 42.827638636242284\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2bd0e4b08de9379b34f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neff, J. M.","contributorId":138626,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bothner, Michael H. mbothner@usgs.gov","contributorId":139855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bothner","given":"Michael H.","email":"mbothner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":538150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maciolek, N. J.","contributorId":138627,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maciolek","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grassle, J. F.","contributorId":8621,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grassle","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":6706,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70142602,"text":"70142602 - 1989 - Small-scale digital soil maps for interpreting natural resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T14:27:27","indexId":"70142602","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2456,"text":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Small-scale digital soil maps for interpreting natural resources","language":"English","publisher":"Soil and Water Conservation Society","usgsCitation":"Bliss, N.B., and Reybold, W.U., 1989, Small-scale digital soil maps for interpreting natural resources: Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, v. 44, no. 1, p. 30-34.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"30","endPage":"34","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298356,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":298355,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jswconline.org/content/44/1/30.extract"}],"volume":"44","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54fec43ae4b02419550debde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bliss, Norman B. 0000-0003-2409-5211 bliss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2409-5211","contributorId":1921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bliss","given":"Norman","email":"bliss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":541995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reybold, William U.","contributorId":93496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reybold","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70140597,"text":"70140597 - 1989 - Terrain, vegetation, and landscape evolution of the R4D research site, Brooks Range Foothills, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-10T15:09:08","indexId":"70140597","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3869,"text":"Holarctic Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Terrain, vegetation, and landscape evolution of the R4D research site, Brooks Range Foothills, Alaska","docAbstract":"Maps of the vegetation and terrain of a 22 km2 area centered on the Department of Energy (DOE) R4D (Response, Resistance, Resilience to and Recovery from Disturbance in Arctic Ecosystems) study site in the Southern Foothills Physiographic Province of Alaska were made using integrated geobotanical mapping procedures and a geographic-information system. Typical land forms and surface f orms include hillslope water tracks, Sagavanirktok-age till deposits, nonsorted stone stripes, and colluvial-basin deposits. Thirty-two plant communities are described; the dominant vegetation (51% of the mapped area) is moist tussock-sedge, dwarf-shrub tundra dominated by Eriophorum vaginatum or Carex bigelowii. Much of the spatial variation in the mapped geobotanical characters reflects different-aged glaciated surfaces. Shannon-Wienerin dices indicate that the more mature landscapes, represented by retransported hillslope deposits and basin colluvium, are less heterogeneous than newer landscapes such as surficial till deposits and floodplains. A typical toposequence on a mid-Pleistocene-age surface is discussed with respect to evolution of the landscape. Thick Sphagnum moss layers occur on lower hillslopes, and the patterns of moss-layer development, heat flux, active layer thickness, and ground-ice are seen as keys to developing thermokarst-susceptibility maps.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nordic Society Oikos","usgsCitation":"Walker, D., Binnian, E.F., Evans, B.M., Lederer, N., Nordstrand, E., and Webber, P., 1989, Terrain, vegetation, and landscape evolution of the R4D research site, Brooks Range Foothills, Alaska: Holarctic Ecology, v. 12, no. 3, p. 238-261.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"238","endPage":"261","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297881,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":336825,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3682732"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Brooks Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -159.345703125,\n 66.79190947341796\n ],\n [\n -140.712890625,\n 66.79190947341796\n ],\n [\n -140.712890625,\n 69.51914693717981\n ],\n [\n -159.345703125,\n 69.51914693717981\n ],\n [\n -159.345703125,\n 66.79190947341796\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c68e4b08de9379b37a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walker, D.A.","contributorId":82484,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walker","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Binnian, Emily F.","contributorId":34090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Binnian","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evans, B. M.","contributorId":107872,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lederer, N.D.","contributorId":139151,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lederer","given":"N.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nordstrand, E.A.","contributorId":139152,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nordstrand","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Webber, P.J.","contributorId":25351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webber","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70175235,"text":"70175235 - 1989 - Climate variability in an estuary: Effects of riverflow on San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T11:15:10","indexId":"70175235","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Climate variability in an estuary: Effects of riverflow on San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"A simple conceptual model of estuarine variability in the context of climate forcing has been formulated using up to 65 years of estimated mean-monthly delta flow, the cumulative freshwater flow to San Francisco Bay from the Sacramento-San Joaquin River, and salinity observations near the mouth, head, mid-estuary, and coastal ocean. Variations in delta flow, the principal source of variability in the bay, originate from anomalous changes in northern and central California streamflow, much of which is linked to anomalous winter sea level pressure (“CPA”) in the eastern Pacific. In years when CPA is strongly negative, precipitation in the watershed is heavy, delta flow is high, and the bay's salinity is low; similarly, when CPA is strongly positive, precipitation is light, delta flow is low, and the bay's salinity is high. Thus the pattern of temporal variability in atmospheric pressure anomalies is reflected in the streamflow, then in delta flow, then in estuarine variability.
\nEstuarine salinity can be characterized by river to ocean patterns in annual cycles of salinity in relation to delta flow. Salinity (total dissolved solids) data from the relatively pristine mountain streams of the Sierra Nevada show that for a given flow, one observes higher salinities during the rise in winter flow than on the decline. Salinity at locations throughout San Francisco Bay estuary are also higher during the rise in winter flow than the decline (because it takes a finite time for salinity to fully respond to changes in freshwater flow). In the coastal ocean, however, the annual pattern of sea surface salinity is reversed: lower salinities during the rise in winter flow than on the decline due to effects associated with spring upwelling. Delta flow in spring masks these effects of coastal upwelling on estuarine salinity, including near the mouth of the estuary and, in fact, explains in a statistical sense 86 percent of the variance in salinity at the mouth of the estuary. Some of the variations in residual salinity in the bay not explained by delta flow appear to correlate with variability in coastal ocean properties. Interestingly CPA correlates also with anomalous sea surface salinity in the coastal ocean adjacent to the bay, especially in spring (albeit through a different mechanism than streamflow). For instance, when the atmospheric pressure anomaly as indicated for streamflow is high, the coastal ocean upper-layer Ekman transport is probably in the offshore direction resultingin higher sea surface salinities along the coast (with a phase lag). This circulation corresponds, in direction, to density driven estuarine circulation. In contrast a low atmospheric pressure regime leads to an onshore surface transport, and therefore opposes estuarine circulation.
\nThe influence of variations in delta flow on estuarine/phytoplankton/biochemical dynamics can be illustrated with numerical simulation models. For example, when riverflow is high the resulting low estuarine water residence time limits phytoplankton biomass and the observed effects of phytoplankton productivity on estuarine biochemistry are minimal. When riverflow is low but suspended sediment concentrations are high, light becomes a more important factor limiting phytoplankton biomass than residence time and effects of phytoplankton productivity on estuarine biochemistry are also minimal. When both riverflow and suspended sediment concentrations are low, phytoplankton biomass increases and phytoplankton productivity emerges as a major control on estuarine biochemistry: phytoplankton activity draws down and maintains very low ambient concentrations of dissolved silica and partial pressures of carbon dioxide (shifting pH to higher values). However, after an extended period of very low delta flow the major controls on estuarine biochemistry appear to change, possibly because benthic exchange processes (both sources and sinks) strengthen as salinity rises and benthic filter-feeding invertebrates migrate upstream with increasing salinity.
\n