The elemental geochemistry of Late Pleistocene and Holocene sediments of the Black Sea, recovered in box cores from the basin margins and a 5-m gravity core from the central abyssal region of the basin, identifies two terrigenous sediment sources over the last 20 kyrs. One source region includes Anatolia and the southern Caucasus; the second region is the area drained by rivers entering the Black Sea from Eastern Europe. Alkali metal:Al and heavy:light rare-earth element ratios reveal that the relative contribution of the two sources shifted abruptly every few thousand years during the late glacial and early Holocene lacustrine phase of the basin. The shifts in source were coeval with changes in the lake level as determined from the distribution of quartz and the heavy mineral-hosted trace elements Ti and Zr.
The geochemistry of the abyssal sediments further recorded a sequence of changes to the geochemistry of the water column following the lacustrine phase, when high salinity Mediterranean water entered the basin beginning 9.3 kyrs BP. Bottom water that had been oxic throughout the lake phase became anoxic at approximately 8.4 kyrs BP, as recorded by the accumulation from the water column of several redox-sensitive trace metals (Mo, Re, U). The accumulation of organic carbon and several trace nutrients (Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn) increased sharply ca. 0.4 kyrs later, at 8.0 kyrs BP, reflecting an increase of primary productivity. Its increase was coeval with a shift in the dinoflagellate ecology from stenohaline to euryhaline assemblages. During this profound environmental change from the lacustrine to the marine phase, the accumulation rate of the lithogenous sediment fraction decreased as much as 10-fold in response to the rise of the water level in the basin from a low stand ca. 9.3 ka to its current level.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2011.07.016","usgsCitation":"Piper, D.Z., and Calvert, S., 2011, Holocene and late glacial palaeoceanography and palaeolimnology of the Black Sea: Changing sediment provenance and basin hydrography over the past 20,000 years: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 75, no. 19, p. 5597-5624, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2011.07.016.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"5597","endPage":"5624","ipdsId":"IP-020961","costCenters":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345386,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Black Sea","volume":"75","issue":"19","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a92041e4b07e1a023ccda9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piper, David Z. dzpiper@usgs.gov","contributorId":2452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piper","given":"David","email":"dzpiper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Calvert, S.E.","contributorId":12196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calvert","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70179135,"text":"70179135 - 2011 - Differential survival among sSOD-1* genotypes in Chinook Salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-19T12:34:30","indexId":"70179135","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differential survival among sSOD-1* genotypes in Chinook Salmon","docAbstract":"Differential survival and growth were tested in Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha expressing two common alleles, *–100 and *–260, at the superoxide dismutase locus (sSOD-1*). These tests were necessary to support separate studies in which the two alleles were used as genetic marks under the assumption of mark neutrality. Heterozygous adults were used to produce progeny with –100/–100, –100/–260, and –260/–260 genotypes that were reared in two natural streams and two hatcheries in the states of Washington and Oregon. The latter also were evaluated as returning adults. In general, the genotype ratios of juveniles reared at hatcheries were consistent with high survival and little or no differential survival in the hatchery. Adult returns at one hatchery were significantly different from the expected proportions, and the survival of the –260/–260 genotype was 0.56–0.89 times that of the –100/–100 genotype over four year-classes. Adult returns at a second hatchery (one year-class) were similar but not statistically significant: survival of the –260/–260genotype relative to the –100/–100 genotype was 0.76. The performance of the heterozygote group was intermediate at both hatcheries. Significant differences in growth were rarely observed among hatchery fish (one year-class of juveniles and one age-class of adult males) but were consistent with greater performance for the –100/–100 genotype. Results from two groups of juveniles reared in streams (one year-class from each stream) suggested few differences in growth, but the observed genotype ratios were significantly different from the expected ratios in one stream. Those differences were consistent with the adult data; survival for the –260/–260 genotype was 76% of that of the –100/–100 genotype. These results, which indicate nonneutrality among sSOD-1* genotypes, caused us to modify our related studies and suggest caution in the interpretation of results and analyses in which allozyme marks are assumed to be neutral.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2011.621813","usgsCitation":"Hayes, M.C., Reisenbichler, R.R., Rubin, S.P., Wetzel, L.A., and Marshall, A.R., 2011, Differential survival among sSOD-1* genotypes in Chinook Salmon: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 140, no. 5, p. 1305-1316, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2011.621813.","productDescription":"12 p. ","startPage":"1305","endPage":"1316","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474918,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2011.621813","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":332273,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.915283203125,\n 45.95496879511337\n ],\n [\n -121.56097412109375,\n 45.94924003378791\n ],\n [\n -121.1572265625,\n 45.8842726860033\n ],\n [\n -121.13800048828125,\n 45.70234306798271\n ],\n [\n -120.91827392578125,\n 45.71385093029221\n ],\n [\n -120.61614990234374,\n 45.79242458189578\n ],\n [\n -120.45135498046875,\n 45.77710182434549\n ],\n [\n -120.30853271484375,\n 45.56406391514301\n ],\n [\n -120.36346435546874,\n 45.27102073184515\n ],\n [\n -120.355224609375,\n 45.00170912094224\n ],\n [\n -120.34698486328125,\n 44.84613295361055\n ],\n [\n -120.5145263671875,\n 44.820812031724444\n ],\n [\n -120.64361572265624,\n 44.92786297463683\n ],\n [\n -121.95373535156249,\n 45.55444852652113\n ],\n [\n -121.9482421875,\n 45.960696964286164\n ],\n [\n -121.915283203125,\n 45.95496879511337\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"140","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5859000be4b03639a6025e3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayes, Michael C. 0000-0002-9060-0565 mhayes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9060-0565","contributorId":3017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Michael","email":"mhayes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":656147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reisenbichler, Reginald R.","contributorId":20623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reisenbichler","given":"Reginald","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rubin, Stephen P. 0000-0003-3054-7173","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3054-7173","contributorId":38037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":656149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wetzel, Lisa A. 0000-0003-3178-9940 lwetzel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3178-9940","contributorId":3016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wetzel","given":"Lisa","email":"lwetzel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":656150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marshall, Anne R.","contributorId":177545,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marshall","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70003881,"text":"70003881 - 2011 - Oxidative stress response of Forster's terns (Sterna forsteri) and Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia) to mercury and selenium bioaccumulation in liver, kidney, and brain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-11T10:42:11","indexId":"70003881","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Oxidative stress response of Forster's terns (Sterna forsteri) and Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia) to mercury and selenium bioaccumulation in liver, kidney, and brain","title":"Oxidative stress response of Forster's terns (Sterna forsteri) and Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia) to mercury and selenium bioaccumulation in liver, kidney, and brain","docAbstract":"Bioindicators of oxidative stress were examined in prebreeding and breeding adult and chick Forster's terns (Sterna forsteri) and in prebreeding adult Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia) in San Francisco Bay, California. Highest total mercury (THg) concentrations (mean±standard error;μg/g dry wt) in liver (17.7±1.7), kidney (20.5±1.9), and brain (3.0±0.3) occurred in breeding adult Forster's terns. The THg concentrations in liver were significantly correlated with hepatic depletion of reduced glutathione (GSH), increased oxidized glutathione (GSSG):GSH ratio, and decreased hepatic gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activity in adults of both tern species. Prefledging Forster's tern chicks with one-fourth the hepatic THg concentration of breeding adults exhibited effects similar to adults. Total mercury-related renal GSSG increased in adults and chicks. In brains of prebreeding adults, THg was correlated with a small increase in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) activity, suggestive of a compensatory response. Brain THg concentrations were highest in breeding adult Forster's terns and brain tissue exhibited increased lipid peroxidation as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, loss of protein bound thiols (PBSH), and decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes, GSSG reductase (GSSGrd), and G-6-PDH. In brains of Forster's tern chicks there was a decrease in total reduced thiols and PBSH. Multiple indicator responses also pointed to greater oxidative stress in breeding Forster's terns relative to prebreeding terns, attributable to the physiological stress of reproduction. Some biondicators also were related to age and species, including thiol concentrations. Enzymes GGT, G-6-PDH, and GSSGred activities were related to species. Our results indicate that THg concentrations induced oxidative stress in terns, and suggest that histopathological, immunological, and behavioral effects may occur in terns as reported in other species.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.459","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, D.J., Eagles-Smith, C.A., Ackerman, J., Adelsbach, T.L., and Stebbins, K.R., 2011, Oxidative stress response of Forster's terns (Sterna forsteri) and Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia) to mercury and selenium bioaccumulation in liver, kidney, and brain: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 30, no. 4, p. 920-929, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.459.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"920","endPage":"929","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200797,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.11279296875001,\n 37.29153547292737\n ],\n [\n -121.805419921875,\n 37.29153547292737\n ],\n [\n -121.805419921875,\n 38.324420427006544\n ],\n [\n -123.11279296875001,\n 38.324420427006544\n ],\n [\n -123.11279296875001,\n 37.29153547292737\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db6884f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, David J.","contributorId":86075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":349274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":349276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adelsbach, Terrence L.","contributorId":60745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adelsbach","given":"Terrence","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stebbins, Katherine R.","contributorId":94012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stebbins","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70003625,"text":"70003625 - 2011 - Transient surface liquid in Titan's south polar region from Cassini","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-26T16:21:08.178749","indexId":"70003625","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transient surface liquid in Titan's south polar region from Cassini","docAbstract":"Cassini RADAR images of Titan’s south polar region acquired during southern summer contain lake features which disappear between observations. These features show a tenfold increases in backscatter cross-section between images acquired one year apart, which is inconsistent with common scattering models without invoking temporal variability. The morphologic boundaries are transient, further supporting changes in lake level. These observations are consistent with the exposure of diffusely scattering lakebeds that were previously hidden by an attenuating liquid medium. We use a two-layer model to explain backscatter variations and estimate a drop in liquid depth of approximately 1-m-per-year. On larger scales, we observe shoreline recession between ISS and RADAR images of Ontario Lacus, the largest lake in Titan’s south polar region. The recession, occurring between June 2005 and July 2009, is inversely proportional to slopes estimated from altimetric profiles and the exponential decay of near-shore backscatter, consistent with a uniform reduction of 4 ± 1.3 m in lake depth.
Of the potential explanations for observed surface changes, we favor evaporation and infiltration. The disappearance of dark features and the recession of Ontario’s shoreline represents volatile transport in an active methane-based hydrologic cycle. Observed loss rates are compared and shown to be consistent with available global circulation models. To date, no unambiguous changes in lake level have been observed between repeat images in the north polar region, although further investigation is warranted. These observations constrain volatile flux rates in Titan’s hydrologic system and demonstrate that the surface plays an active role in its evolution. Constraining these seasonal changes represents the first step toward our understanding of longer climate cycles that may determine liquid distribution on Titan over orbital time periods.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2010.08.017","usgsCitation":"Hayes, A., Aharonson, O., Lunine, J., Kirk, R.L., Zebker, H., Wye, L.C., Lorenz, R.D., Turtle, E.P., Paillou, P., Mitri, G., Wall, S.D., Stofan, E.R., Mitchell, K.L., and Elachi, C., 2011, Transient surface liquid in Titan's south polar region from Cassini: Icarus, v. 211, no. 1, p. 655-671, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2010.08.017.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"655","endPage":"671","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204432,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Saturn, Titan","volume":"211","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db697f9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayes, A. G.","contributorId":31098,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayes","given":"A. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aharonson, O.","contributorId":105030,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aharonson","given":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lunine, J. I.","contributorId":51899,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lunine","given":"J. I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kirk, R. L.","contributorId":94698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zebker, H. A.","contributorId":90457,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zebker","given":"H. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wye, L. C.","contributorId":72116,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wye","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lorenz, R. D.","contributorId":90441,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lorenz","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Turtle, E. P.","contributorId":44281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turtle","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Paillou, P.","contributorId":45043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paillou","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Mitri, Giuseppe","contributorId":35052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitri","given":"Giuseppe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wall, S. D.","contributorId":86468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wall","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Stofan, E. R.","contributorId":103403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stofan","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Mitchell, K. L.","contributorId":62734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitchell","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Elachi, C.","contributorId":104606,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elachi","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70005433,"text":"ofr20111241 - 2011 - Effectiveness of post-fire seeding at the Fitzner-Eberhardt Arid Land Ecology Reserve, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:58","indexId":"ofr20111241","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1241","title":"Effectiveness of post-fire seeding at the Fitzner-Eberhardt Arid Land Ecology Reserve, Washington","docAbstract":"In August 2007, the Milepost 17 and Wautoma fires burned a combined total of 77,349 acres (31,302 hectares) of the Fitzner-Eberhardt Arid Land Ecology Reserve (ALE), part of the Hanford Reach National Monument administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Mid-Columbia National Wildlife Refuge. In 2009, the USFWS implemented a series of seeding and herbicide treatments to mitigate potential negative consequences of these fires, including mortality of native vegetation, invasion of Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass), and soil erosion. Treatments included combinations of seeding (drill and aerial), herbicides, and one of six different mixtures of species. Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis (Wyoming big sagebrush) also was planted by hand in a small area in the southern end of the fire perimeter. Due to differences in plant communities prior to the fire and the multiple treatments applied, treatments were grouped into five treatment associations including mid-elevation aerial seedings, low-elevation aerial seedings, low-elevation drill seedings, high-elevation drill seeding, and no seeding treatments. Data collected at the mid-elevation aerial seedings indicate that the seeding did not appear to increase the density of seedlings compared to the non-seeded area in 2010. At the low-elevation aerial seedings, there were significantly more seedlings at seeded areas as compared to non-seeded areas. Low densities of existing perennial plants probably fostered a low-competition environment enabling seeds to germinate and emerge in 2010 during adequate moisture. Low-elevation drill seedings resulted in significant emergence of seeded grasses in 2009 and 2010 and forbs in 2010. This was likely due to adequate precipitation and that the drill seeding assured soil-to-seed contact. At the high-elevation drill seeding, which was implemented in 2009, there were a high number of seedlings in 2010. Transplanting of A. tridentata following the fires resulted in variable survival rates that warrant further testing; however, transplants located closer to washes tended to have the highest survival rates. Overall, the low-elevation aerial and drill seedings, and the high-elevation drill seedings resulted in significant numbers of seedlings. Further research is needed on methods that provide land managers with critical information about whether or not to seed post-fire areas including status of pre-fire vegetation and estimates of plant mortality due to fire.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111241","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Wirth, T., and Pyke, D.A., 2011, Effectiveness of post-fire seeding at the Fitzner-Eberhardt Arid Land Ecology Reserve, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1241, vi, 33 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111241.","productDescription":"vi, 33 p.; Appendix","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1241.jpg"},{"id":94133,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1241/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.78444444444445,46.333333333333336 ], [ -119.78444444444445,46.583333333333336 ], [ -126,46.583333333333336 ], [ -126,46.333333333333336 ], [ -119.78444444444445,46.333333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db6252cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wirth, Troy A.","contributorId":27837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirth","given":"Troy A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pyke, David A. 0000-0002-4578-8335 david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-8335","contributorId":3118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pyke","given":"David","email":"david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70043625,"text":"70043625 - 2011 - Sensing disease and danger: A survey of vertebrate PRRs and their origins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-30T11:23:28","indexId":"70043625","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1383,"text":"Developmental and Comparative Immunology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sensing disease and danger: A survey of vertebrate PRRs and their origins","docAbstract":"A key facet of the innate immune response lays in its ability to recognize and respond to invading microorganisms and cellular disturbances. Through the use of germ-line encoded PRRs, the innate immune system is capable of detecting invariant pathogen motifs termed pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS) that are distinct from host encoded proteins or products released from dying cells, which are known as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). PAMPs and DAMPs include both protein and nucleic acids for the detection and response to pathogens and metabolic \"danger\" signals. This is by far one of the most active areas of research as recent studies have shown retinoic acid inducible gene 1 (RIG1)-like receptors (RLRs), the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat containing proteins (NLRs) and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the recently described AIM-like receptors (ALRs) are responsible for initiating interferon production or the assembly and activation of the inflammasome, ultimately resulting in the release of bioactive IL-1 family members. Overall, the vertebrate PRR recognition machinery consists of seven domains (e.g., Death, NACHT, CARD, TIR, LRR, PYD, helicase), most of which can be traced to the very origins of the deuterostomes. This review is intended to provide an overview of the basic components that are used by vertebrates to detect and respond to pathogens, with an emphasis on these receptors in fish as well as a brief note on their likely origins.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Developmental and Comparative Immunology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2011.01.008","usgsCitation":"Hansen, J.D., Vojtech, L.N., and Laing, K.J., 2011, Sensing disease and danger: A survey of vertebrate PRRs and their origins: Developmental and Comparative Immunology, v. 35, no. 9, p. 886-897, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2011.01.008.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"886","endPage":"897","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-026749","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271648,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271647,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2011.01.008"}],"country":"United States","volume":"35","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5180e7ebe4b0df838b924d9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, John D. 0000-0002-3006-2734 jhansen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-2734","contributorId":3440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"John","email":"jhansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vojtech, Lucia N.","contributorId":24666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vojtech","given":"Lucia","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Laing, Kerry J.","contributorId":33155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laing","given":"Kerry","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70004022,"text":"70004022 - 2011 - Nonnative fish control in the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona: An effective program or serendipitous timing?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-21T18:49:37.900552","indexId":"70004022","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nonnative fish control in the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona: An effective program or serendipitous timing?","docAbstract":"The federally endangered humpback chub Gila cypha in the Colorado River within Grand Canyon is currently the focus of a multiyear program of ecosystem-level experimentation designed to improve native fish survival and promote population recovery as part of the Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program. A key element of this experiment was a 4-year effort to remove nonnative fishes from critical humpback chub habitat, thereby reducing potentially negative interactions between native and nonnative fishes. Over 36,500 fish from 15 species were captured in the mechanical removal reach during 2003–2006. The majority (64%) of the catch consisted of nonnative fish, including rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (19,020), fathead minnow Pimephales promelas (2,569), common carp Cyprinus carpio (802), and brown trout Salmo trutta (479). Native fish (13,268) constituted 36% of the total catch and included flannelmouth suckers Catostomus latipinnis (7,347), humpback chub (2,606), bluehead suckers Catostomus discobolus (2,243), and speckled dace Rhinichthys osculus (1,072). The contribution of rainbow trout to the overall species composition fell steadily throughout the study period from a high of approximately 90% in January 2003 to less than 10% in August 2006. Overall, the catch of nonnative fish exceeded 95% in January 2003 and fell to less than 50% after July 2005. Our results suggest that removal efforts were successful in rapidly shifting the fish community from one dominated numerically by nonnative species to one dominated by native species. Additionally, increases in juvenile native fish abundance within the removal reach suggest that removal efforts may have promoted greater survival and recruitment. However, drought-induced increases in river water temperature and a systemwide decrease in rainbow trout abundance concurrent with our experiment made it difficult to determine the cause of the apparent increase in juvenile native fish survival and recruitment. Experimental efforts continue and may be able to distinguish among these factors and to better inform future management actions.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"London, England","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2011.572009","usgsCitation":"Coggins, Yard, M., and Pine, W., 2011, Nonnative fish control in the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona: An effective program or serendipitous timing?: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 140, no. 2, p. 456-470, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2011.572009.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"456","endPage":"470","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204501,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River, Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.9501953125,\n 35.7286770448517\n ],\n [\n -110.85205078124999,\n 35.7286770448517\n ],\n [\n -110.85205078124999,\n 37.07271048132943\n ],\n [\n -113.9501953125,\n 37.07271048132943\n ],\n [\n -113.9501953125,\n 35.7286770448517\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"140","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db63577e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coggins, Jr.","contributorId":54306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coggins","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yard, Michael D. 0000-0002-6580-6027","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6580-6027","contributorId":8577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yard","given":"Michael D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pine, William E. 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However, fish are also a potential source of environmental contaminants that have well known adverse effects on human health. We investigated the consumption risks for largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides; n = 104) and striped mullet (Mugil cephalus; n = 170), two commonly harvested and consumed fish species inhabiting fresh and estuarine waters in northwest Florida. Skinless fillets were analyzed for total mercury, inorganic arsenic, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/F), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides. Contaminant levels were compared to screening values (SV) calculated using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recommendations for establishing consumption advisories. Largemouth bass were found to contain high levels of total mercury at all sampling locations (0.37–0.89 ug/g) and one location exhibited elevated total PCBs (39.4 ng/g). All of the samples exceeded Florida fish consumption advisory trigger levels for total mercury and one location exceeded the U.S. EPA SV for total PCBs. As a result of the high mercury levels, the non-cancer health risks (hazard index–HI) for bass were above 1 for all locations. Striped mullet from several locations with known point sources contained elevated levels of PCBs (overall range 3.4–59.3 ng/g). However, total mercury levels in mullet were low. Eight of the 16 mullet sampling locations exceeded the U.S. EPA SV for total PCBs and two locations exceeded an HI of 1 due to elevated PCBs. Despite the elevated levels of total PCBs in some samples, only two locations exceeded the acceptable cancer risk range and therefore cancer health risks from consumption of bass and mullet were determined to be low at most sampling locations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2011.06.003","usgsCitation":"Karouna-Renier, N., Snyder, R.A., Lange, T., Gibson, S., Allison, J.G., Wagner, M.E., and Rao, K.R., 2011, Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and striped mullet (Mugil cephalus) as vectors of contaminants to human consumers in northwest Florida: Marine Environmental Research, v. 72, no. 3, p. 96-104, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2011.06.003.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"96","endPage":"104","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204067,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.60498046875,\n 31.147006308556566\n ],\n [\n -87.6708984375,\n 31.071755902820133\n ],\n [\n -87.3193359375,\n 30.221101852485987\n ],\n [\n -86.748046875,\n 30.20211367909724\n ],\n [\n -85.9130859375,\n 30.107117887092357\n ],\n [\n -85.49560546875,\n 29.6880527498568\n ],\n [\n -85.31982421875,\n 29.477861195816843\n ],\n [\n -84.814453125,\n 29.592565403314087\n ],\n [\n -84.1552734375,\n 29.897805610155874\n ],\n [\n -83.7158203125,\n 29.7453016622136\n ],\n [\n -83.5400390625,\n 29.439597566602902\n ],\n [\n -83.29833984375,\n 29.286398892934763\n ],\n [\n -83.12255859375,\n 29.036960648558267\n ],\n [\n -82.8369140625,\n 28.94086176940557\n ],\n [\n -82.77099609375,\n 28.748396571187406\n ],\n [\n -82.880859375,\n 28.304380682962783\n ],\n [\n -80.66162109375,\n 28.246327971048842\n ],\n [\n -81.32080078125,\n 30.107117887092357\n ],\n [\n -81.5185546875,\n 30.65681556429287\n ],\n [\n -81.97998046875,\n 30.845647420182598\n ],\n [\n -82.02392578125,\n 30.65681556429287\n ],\n [\n -84.70458984375,\n 30.751277776257812\n ],\n [\n -84.96826171874999,\n 31.071755902820133\n ],\n [\n -87.60498046875,\n 31.147006308556566\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"72","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8e9d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karouna-Renier, Natalie K. 0000-0001-7127-033X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7127-033X","contributorId":17357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karouna-Renier","given":"Natalie K.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":352271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snyder, Richard A.","contributorId":34641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lange, Ted","contributorId":42697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lange","given":"Ted","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gibson, Suzanne","contributorId":54334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibson","given":"Suzanne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Allison, Jeffrey G.","contributorId":82047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allison","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wagner, Matthew E.","contributorId":63144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rao, K. 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Calibration of BSFOD models for soils throughout the country can reduce the uncertainty, relative to that of traditional models, in predicting the fate and transport of pesticides and their metabolites and thus support improved agricultural management schemes for reducing threats to the environment. Results from application of the BSFOD model to better understand the degradation of atrazine supports two previously reported conclusions: atrazine (6-chloro-N-ethyl-N′-(1-methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine) and its primary metabolites are less persistent in adapted soils than in nonadapted soils; and hydroxyatrazine was the dominant primary metabolite in most of the soils tested. In addition, a method to simulate BSFOD in a one-dimensional solute-transport unsaturated zone model is also presented.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1002/etc.597","usgsCitation":"Webb, R.M., Sandstrom, M.W., Krutz, L.J., and Shaner, D.L., 2011, Simulation of branched serial first-order decay of atrazine and metabolites in adapted and nonadapted soils: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 30, no. 9, p. 1973-1981, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.597.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1973","endPage":"1981","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-019767","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321276,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d664ce4b07e28b6684e43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Webb, Richard M. 0000-0001-9531-2207 rmwebb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9531-2207","contributorId":1570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Richard","email":"rmwebb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sandstrom, Mark W. 0000-0003-0006-5675 sandstro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0006-5675","contributorId":706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandstrom","given":"Mark","email":"sandstro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krutz, L. 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Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70042961,"text":"70042961 - 2011 - Small-scale sediment transport patterns and bedform morphodynamics: New insights from high resolution multibeam bathymetry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-29T18:46:34.042298","indexId":"70042961","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1742,"text":"Geo-Marine Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Small-scale sediment transport patterns and bedform morphodynamics: New insights from high resolution multibeam bathymetry","docAbstract":"New multibeam echosounder and processing technologies yield sub-meter-scale bathymetric resolution, revealing striking details of bedform morphology that are shaped by complex boundary-layer flow dynamics at a range of spatial and temporal scales. An inertially aided post processed kinematic (IAPPK) technique generates a smoothed best estimate trajectory (SBET) solution to tie the vessel motion-related effects of each sounding directly to the ellipsoid, significantly reducing artifacts commonly found in multibeam data, increasing point density, and sharpening seafloor features. The new technique was applied to a large bedform field in 20–30 m water depths in central San Francisco Bay, California (USA), revealing bedforms that suggest boundary-layer flow deflection by the crests where 12-m-wavelength, 0.2-m-amplitude bedforms are superimposed on 60-m-wavelength, 1-m-amplitude bedforms, with crests that often were strongly oblique (approaching 90°) to the larger features on the lee side, and near-parallel on the stoss side. During one survey in April 2008, superimposed bedform crests were continuous between the crests of the larger features, indicating that flow detachment in the lee of the larger bedforms is not always a dominant process. Assessment of bedform crest peakedness, asymmetry, and small-scale bedform evolution between surveys indicates the impact of different flow regimes on the entire bedform field. This paper presents unique fine-scale imagery of compound and superimposed bedforms, which is used to (1) assess the physical forcing and evolution of a bedform field in San Francisco Bay, and (2) in conjunction with numerical modeling, gain a better fundamental understanding of boundary-layer flow dynamics that result in the observed superimposed bedform orientation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00367-011-0227-1","usgsCitation":"Barnard, P.L., Erikson, L., and Kvitek, R.G., 2011, Small-scale sediment transport patterns and bedform morphodynamics: New insights from high resolution multibeam bathymetry: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 31, no. 4, p. 227-236, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-011-0227-1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"227","endPage":"236","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-015134","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269035,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.15560913085938,\n 37.497741887143576\n ],\n [\n -122.08007812499999,\n 37.54675499755639\n ],\n [\n -122.25860595703125,\n 37.75877280300828\n ],\n [\n -122.33139038085936,\n 37.91278405007035\n ],\n [\n -122.39593505859376,\n 37.931200459333716\n ],\n [\n -122.50167846679686,\n 37.938782346134424\n ],\n [\n -122.50167846679686,\n 37.87593739777859\n ],\n [\n -122.46322631835938,\n 37.81195385919268\n ],\n [\n -122.39181518554686,\n 37.79893346559687\n ],\n [\n -122.36846923828125,\n 37.727280276860036\n ],\n [\n -122.3876953125,\n 37.64794668685352\n ],\n [\n -122.37258911132812,\n 37.60117623656667\n ],\n [\n -122.23388671874999,\n 37.54784381205082\n ],\n [\n -122.15560913085938,\n 37.497741887143576\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7315e4b0b29085108bb3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L. 0000-0003-1414-6476 pbarnard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-6476","contributorId":2880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick","email":"pbarnard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":472668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Erikson, Li H. 0000-0002-8607-7695 lerikson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8607-7695","contributorId":3170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erikson","given":"Li H.","email":"lerikson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":472670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kvitek, Rikk G.","contributorId":107804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvitek","given":"Rikk","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":472671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70004056,"text":"70004056 - 2011 - Microhabitat associations of a semi-terrestrial fish, Kryptolebias marmoratus (Poey 1880) in a mosquito-ditched mangrove forest, west-central Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-29T18:36:18.340015","indexId":"70004056","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2277,"text":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Microhabitat associations of a semi-terrestrial fish, Kryptolebias marmoratus (Poey 1880) in a mosquito-ditched mangrove forest, west-central Florida","title":"Microhabitat associations of a semi-terrestrial fish, Kryptolebias marmoratus (Poey 1880) in a mosquito-ditched mangrove forest, west-central Florida","docAbstract":"Mangrove rivulus (Kryptolebias marmoratus) is one of the few species of fish that is semi-terrestrial and able to use exposed intertidal and potentially supratidal habitats for prolonged periods of time. Based on previous work demonstrating frequent use of subterranean crab burrows as well as damp leaf litter and logs, we examined the microhabitat associations of rivulus in a mosquito-ditched mangrove forest on the Gulf coast of Florida near the northern limit of its distribution. We captured 161 rivulus on 20 dates between late April and mid-December 2007 using trench traps. Fish ranged in size from 7 to 35 mm SL. Peak abundance in mid-summer coincided with recruitment of a new year-class. The three study sites occurred within 0.5 km of one another, and experienced similar water temperatures and salinities. Nevertheless, they differed in their degree of tidal inundation, standing stock of leaf litter, and density of entrances to fiddler crab burrows. We consistently observed the highest mean catches of rivulus away from permanent subtidal waters of mosquito ditches, at intermediate relative elevations, and where leaf litter was locally abundant. Density of entrances to crab burrows was apparently unrelated to rivulus distribution or abundance in these forests.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2011.03.003","usgsCitation":"Richards, T.M., Krebs, J.M., and McIvor, C.C., 2011, Microhabitat associations of a semi-terrestrial fish, Kryptolebias marmoratus (Poey 1880) in a mosquito-ditched mangrove forest, west-central Florida: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, v. 401, no. 1-2, p. 48-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2011.03.003.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"48","endPage":"56","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203888,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.61666666666666,27.816666666666666 ], [ -82.61666666666666,27.851111111111113 ], [ -82.56805555555555,27.851111111111113 ], [ -82.56805555555555,27.816666666666666 ], [ -82.61666666666666,27.816666666666666 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"401","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a57e4b07f02db62e36d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richards, Travis M.","contributorId":58901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krebs, Justin M.","contributorId":35546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krebs","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McIvor, Carole C.","contributorId":73254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIvor","given":"Carole","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70003897,"text":"70003897 - 2011 - Local richness along gradients in the Siskiyou herb flora: R. H. Whittaker revisited","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-12T21:59:10.049018","indexId":"70003897","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Local richness along gradients in the Siskiyou herb flora: R. H. Whittaker revisited","docAbstract":"In his classic study in the Siskiyou Mountains (Oregon, USA), one of the most botanically rich forested regions in North America, R. H. Whittaker (1960) foreshadowed many modern ideas on the multivariate control of local species richness along environmental gradients related to productivity. Using a structural equation model to analyze his data, which were never previously statistically analyzed, we demonstrate that Whittaker was remarkably accurate in concluding that local herb richness in these late‐seral forests is explained to a large extent by three major abiotic gradients (soils, topography, and elevation), and in turn, by the effects of these gradients on tree densities and the numbers of individual herbs. However, while Whittaker also clearly appreciated the significance of large‐scale evolutionary and biogeographic influences on community composition, he did not fully articulate the more recent concept that variation in the species richness of local communities could be explained in part by variation in the sizes of regional species pools. Our model of his data is among the first to use estimates of regional species pool size to explain variation in local community richness along productivity‐related gradients. We find that regional pool size, combined with a modest number of other interacting abiotic and biotic factors, explains most of the variation in local herb richness in the Siskiyou biodiversity hotspot.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/09-2137.1","usgsCitation":"Grace, J.B., Harrison, S., and Damschen, E.I., 2011, Local richness along gradients in the Siskiyou herb flora: R. H. Whittaker revisited: Ecology, v. 92, no. 1, p. 108-120, https://doi.org/10.1890/09-2137.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"108","endPage":"120","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204100,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Siskiyou Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.002685546875,\n 42.0125705565935\n ],\n [\n -121.47033691406249,\n 42.0125705565935\n ],\n [\n -121.47033691406249,\n 44.28453670601888\n ],\n [\n -124.002685546875,\n 44.28453670601888\n ],\n [\n -124.002685546875,\n 42.0125705565935\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"92","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a68e4b07f02db63b22e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grace, James B. 0000-0001-6374-4726 gracej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","email":"gracej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harrison, Susan","contributorId":85707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison","given":"Susan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Damschen, Ellen Ingman","contributorId":6177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Damschen","given":"Ellen","email":"","middleInitial":"Ingman","affiliations":[{"id":16916,"text":"Dept. of Zoology, University of Wisconsin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":349363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70005281,"text":"70005281 - 2011 - Learning and adaptation in the management of waterfowl harvests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-29T18:19:45.259003","indexId":"70005281","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2258,"text":"Journal of Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Learning and adaptation in the management of waterfowl harvests","docAbstract":"A formal framework for the adaptive management of waterfowl harvests was adopted by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in 1995. The process admits competing models of waterfowl population dynamics and harvest impacts, and relies on model averaging to compute optimal strategies for regulating harvest. Model weights, reflecting the relative ability of the alternative models to predict changes in population size, are used in the model averaging and are updated each year based on a comparison of model predictions and observations of population size. Since its inception the adaptive harvest program has focused principally on mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), which constitute a large portion of the U.S. waterfowl harvest. Four competing models, derived from a combination of two survival and two reproductive hypotheses, were originally assigned equal weights. In the last year of available information (2007), model weights favored the weakly density-dependent reproductive hypothesis over the strongly density-dependent one, and the additive mortality hypothesis over the compensatory one. The change in model weights led to a more conservative harvesting policy than what was in effect in the early years of the program. Adaptive harvest management has been successful in many ways, but nonetheless has exposed the difficulties in defining management objectives, in predicting and regulating harvests, and in coping with the tradeoffs inherent in managing multiple waterfowl stocks exposed to a common harvest. The key challenge now facing managers is whether adaptive harvest management as an institution can be sufficiently adaptive, and whether the knowledge and experience gained from the process can be reflected in higher-level policy decisions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.10.064","usgsCitation":"Johnson, F.A., 2011, Learning and adaptation in the management of waterfowl harvests: Journal of Environmental Management, v. 92, no. 5, p. 1385-1394, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.10.064.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1385","endPage":"1394","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204153,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"92","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8053","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Fred A. 0000-0002-5854-3695 fjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5854-3695","contributorId":2773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Fred","email":"fjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70004548,"text":"70004548 - 2011 - Incorporating parametric uncertainty into population viability analysis models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-06T16:14:01.037952","indexId":"70004548","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Incorporating parametric uncertainty into population viability analysis models","docAbstract":"Uncertainty in parameter estimates from sampling variation or expert judgment can introduce substantial uncertainty into ecological predictions based on those estimates. However, in standard population viability analyses, one of the most widely used tools for managing plant, fish and wildlife populations, parametric uncertainty is often ignored in or discarded from model projections. We present a method for explicitly incorporating this source of uncertainty into population models to fully account for risk in management and decision contexts. Our method involves a two-step simulation process where parametric uncertainty is incorporated into the replication loop of the model and temporal variance is incorporated into the loop for time steps in the model. Using the piping plover, a federally threatened shorebird in the USA and Canada, as an example, we compare abundance projections and extinction probabilities from simulations that exclude and include parametric uncertainty. Although final abundance was very low for all sets of simulations, estimated extinction risk was much greater for the simulation that incorporated parametric uncertainty in the replication loop. Decisions about species conservation (e.g., listing, delisting, and jeopardy) might differ greatly depending on the treatment of parametric uncertainty in population models.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2011.01.005","usgsCitation":"McGowan, C., Runge, M.C., and Larson, M.A., 2011, Incorporating parametric uncertainty into population viability analysis models: Biological Conservation, v. 144, no. 5, p. 1400-1408, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2011.01.005.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1400","endPage":"1408","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204096,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"144","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f8e4b07f02db5f25cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGowan, Conor P. 0000-0002-7330-9581 cmcgowan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7330-9581","contributorId":3381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGowan","given":"Conor P.","email":"cmcgowan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":350689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Runge, Michael C. 0000-0002-8081-536X mrunge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":3358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"Michael","email":"mrunge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Larson, Michael A.","contributorId":15752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70005042,"text":"70005042 - 2011 - Characterization of culturable bacteria isolated from the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-23T16:40:36.300782","indexId":"70005042","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1619,"text":"FEMS Microbiology Ecology","onlineIssn":"1574-6941","printIssn":"0168-6496","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Characterization of culturable bacteria isolated from the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa","title":"Characterization of culturable bacteria isolated from the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa","docAbstract":"Microorganisms associated with corals are hypothesized to contribute to the function of the host animal by cycling nutrients, breaking down carbon sources, fixing nitrogen, and producing antibiotics. This is the first study to culture and characterize bacteria from Lophelia pertusa, a cold-water coral found in the deep sea, in an effort to understand the roles that the microorganisms play in the coral microbial community. Two sites in the northern Gulf of Mexico were sampled over 2 years. Bacteria were cultured from coral tissue, skeleton, and mucus, identified by 16S rRNA genes, and subjected to biochemical testing. Most isolates were members of the Gammaproteobacteria, although there was one isolate each from the Betaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Phylogenetic results showed that both sampling sites shared closely related isolates (e.g. Pseudoalteromonas spp.), indicating possible temporally and geographically stable bacterial-coral associations. The Kirby-Bauer antibiotic susceptibility test was used to separate bacteria to the strain level, with the results showing that isolates that were phylogenetically tightly grouped had varying responses to antibiotics. These results support the conclusion that phylogenetic placement cannot predict strain-level differences and further highlight the need for culture-based experiments to supplement culture-independent studies.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01115.x","usgsCitation":"Galkiewicz, J.P., Pratte, Z., Gray, M.A., and Kellogg, C.A., 2011, Characterization of culturable bacteria isolated from the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa: FEMS Microbiology Ecology, v. 77, no. 2, p. 333-346, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01115.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"333","endPage":"346","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474939,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01115.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204133,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.648681640625,\n 29.373798251985612\n ],\n [\n -88.40560913085938,\n 29.373798251985612\n ],\n [\n -88.40560913085938,\n 29.604506272365295\n ],\n [\n -88.648681640625,\n 29.604506272365295\n ],\n [\n -88.648681640625,\n 29.373798251985612\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"77","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4da6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Galkiewicz, Julia P.","contributorId":61944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galkiewicz","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pratte, Zoe A.","contributorId":92789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratte","given":"Zoe A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gray, Michael A. 0000-0002-3856-5037 mgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3856-5037","contributorId":3532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Michael","email":"mgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kellogg, Christina A. 0000-0002-6492-9455 ckellogg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6492-9455","contributorId":391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"Christina","email":"ckellogg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70003312,"text":"70003312 - 2011 - Accuracy of flowmeters measuring horizontal groundwater flow in an unconsolidated aquifer simulator.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-24T11:13:29","indexId":"70003312","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1864,"text":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accuracy of flowmeters measuring horizontal groundwater flow in an unconsolidated aquifer simulator.","docAbstract":"Borehole flowmeters that measure horizontal flow velocity and direction of groundwater flow are being increasingly applied to a wide variety of environmental problems. This study was carried out to evaluate the measurement accuracy of several types of flowmeters in an unconsolidated aquifer simulator. Flowmeter response to hydraulic gradient, aquifer properties, and well-screen construction was measured during 2003 and 2005 at the U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility in Bay St. Louis, Mississippi. The flowmeters tested included a commercially available heat-pulse flowmeter, an acoustic Doppler flowmeter, a scanning colloidal borescope flowmeter, and a fluid-conductivity logging system. Results of the study indicated that at least one flowmeter was capable of measuring borehole flow velocity and direction in most simulated conditions. The mean error in direction measurements ranged from 15.1 degrees to 23.5 degrees and the directional accuracy of all tested flowmeters improved with increasing hydraulic gradient. The range of Darcy velocities examined in this study ranged 4.3 to 155 ft/d. For many plots comparing the simulated and measured Darcy velocity, the squared correlation coefficient (r2) exceeded 0.92. The accuracy of velocity measurements varied with well construction and velocity magnitude. The use of horizontal flowmeters in environmental studies appears promising but applications may require more than one type of flowmeter to span the range of conditions encountered in the field. Interpreting flowmeter data from field settings may be complicated by geologic heterogeneity, preferential flow, vertical flow, constricted screen openings, and nonoptimal screen orientation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6592.2010.01324.x","usgsCitation":"Bayless, E., Mandell, W.A., and Ursic, J.R., 2011, Accuracy of flowmeters measuring horizontal groundwater flow in an unconsolidated aquifer simulator.: Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation, v. 31, no. 2, p. 48-62, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2010.01324.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"48","endPage":"62","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203999,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268116,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2010.01324.x"}],"volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a33c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bayless, E.R.","contributorId":67639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bayless","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mandell, Wayne A.","contributorId":70443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mandell","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ursic, James R.","contributorId":14863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ursic","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70004873,"text":"70004873 - 2011 - Conservation genetics of evolutionary lineages of the endangered mountain yellow-legged frog, Rana muscosa (Amphibia: Ranidae), in southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-17T20:38:56","indexId":"70004873","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conservation genetics of evolutionary lineages of the endangered mountain yellow-legged frog, Rana muscosa (Amphibia: Ranidae), in southern California","docAbstract":"Severe population declines led to the listing of southern California Rana muscosa (Ranidae) as endangered in 2002. Nine small populations inhabit watersheds in three isolated mountain ranges, the San Gabriel, San Bernardino and San Jacinto. One population from the Dark Canyon tributary in the San Jacinto Mountains has been used to establish a captive breeding population at the San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research. Because these populations may still be declining, it is critical to gather information on how genetic variation is structured in these populations and what historical inter-population connectivity existed between populations. Additionally, it is not clear whether these populations are rapidly losing genetic diversity due to population bottlenecks. Using mitochondrial and microsatellite data, we examine patterns of genetic variation in southern California and one of the last remaining populations of R. muscosa in the southern Sierra Nevada. We find low levels of genetic variation within each population and evidence of genetic bottlenecks. Additionally, substantial population structure is evident, suggesting a high degree of historical isolation within and between mountain ranges. Based on estimates from a multi-population isolation with migration analysis, these populations diversified during glacial episodes of the Pleistocene, with little gene flow during population divergence. Our data demonstrate that unique evolutionary lineages of R. muscosa occupy each mountain range in southern California and should be managed separately. The captive breeding program at Dark Canyon is promising, although mitigating the loss of neutral genetic diversity relative to the natural population might require additional breeding frogs.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2011.04.025","usgsCitation":"Schoville, S.D., Tustall, T.S., Vredenburg, V.T., Backlin, A.R., Gallegos, E., Wood, D.A., and Fisher, R.N., 2011, Conservation genetics of evolutionary lineages of the endangered mountain yellow-legged frog, Rana muscosa (Amphibia: Ranidae), in southern California: Biological Conservation, v. 144, no. 7, p. 2031-2040, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2011.04.025.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2031","endPage":"2040","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203935,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269534,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2011.04.025"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","volume":"144","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699da8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoville, Sean D.","contributorId":31889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoville","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tustall, Tate S.","contributorId":26418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tustall","given":"Tate","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vredenburg, Vance T.","contributorId":104609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vredenburg","given":"Vance","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Backlin, Adam R. 0000-0001-5618-8426 abacklin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5618-8426","contributorId":3802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Backlin","given":"Adam","email":"abacklin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gallegos, Elizabeth 0000-0002-8402-2631 egallegos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8402-2631","contributorId":1528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallegos","given":"Elizabeth","email":"egallegos@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wood, Dustin A. 0000-0002-7668-9911 dawood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7668-9911","contributorId":4179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Dustin","email":"dawood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70004037,"text":"70004037 - 2011 - Assessment of the geomorphic effects of large floods using streamgage data: The 1951 floods in eastern Kansas, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-20T20:21:57.357387","indexId":"70004037","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3059,"text":"Physical Geography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of the geomorphic effects of large floods using streamgage data: The 1951 floods in eastern Kansas, USA","docAbstract":"Data from 23 U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgages were analyzed to assess the geomorphic effects (short-term change and subsequent recovery) of the record 1951 floods on streams in eastern Kansas. Flood-related, channel-bed elevation change was indicated for 17 gage sites, with substantial deposition at five sites and substantial erosion at two sites. An assessment of post-flood bed elevation recovery was possible for several sites. While recovery to pre-flood channel-bed elevation occurred over a period of months to years at some sites, at other sites recovery was incomplete or absent. Floodrelated channel widening with partial recovery was indicated for one site and possible channel widening was indicated for two sites. It was demonstrated that an analysis of streamgage data is a potentially useful technique for assessing the geomorphic effects of a large flood at a site, provided that the gage has a long period of record and is located on an alluvial channel. In the absence of other lines of evidence, streamgage data can provide an estimate of the direction and magnitude (net) of geomorphic change that otherwise might not be available or attainable.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Columbia, MD","doi":"10.2747/0272-3646.32.1.52","usgsCitation":"Bowen, M.W., and Juracek, K.E., 2011, Assessment of the geomorphic effects of large floods using streamgage data: The 1951 floods in eastern Kansas, USA: Physical Geography, v. 32, no. 1, p. 52-77, https://doi.org/10.2747/0272-3646.32.1.52.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"52","endPage":"77","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203939,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"2000000","projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic projection","country":"United States","state":"Kansas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -102,37 ], [ -102,40 ], [ -94.5,40 ], [ -94.5,37 ], [ -102,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671d2b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowen, Mark W.","contributorId":67638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Juracek, Kyle E. 0000-0002-2102-8980 kjuracek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2102-8980","contributorId":2022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juracek","given":"Kyle","email":"kjuracek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70004780,"text":"70004780 - 2011 - Assessment of lead exposure in Spanish imperial eagle (Aquila adalberti) from spent ammunition in central Spain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-07T16:06:37.2439","indexId":"70004780","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of lead exposure in Spanish imperial eagle (Aquila adalberti) from spent ammunition in central Spain","docAbstract":"The Spanish imperial eagle (Aquila adalberti) is found only in the Iberian Peninsula and is considered one of the most threatened birds of prey in Europe. Here we analyze lead concentrations in bones (n = 84), livers (n = 15), primary feathers (n = 69), secondary feathers (n = 71) and blood feathers (n = 14) of 85 individuals collected between 1997 and 2008 in central Spain. Three birds (3.6%) had bone lead concentration > 20 (mu or u)g/g and all livers were within background lead concentration. Bone lead concentrations increased with the age of the birds and were correlated with lead concentration in rachis of secondary feathers. Spatial aggregation of elevated bone lead concentration was found in some areas of Montes de Toledo. Lead concentrations in feathers were positively associated with the density of large game animals in the area where birds were found dead or injured. Discontinuous lead exposure in eagles was evidenced by differences in lead concentration in longitudinal portions of the rachis of feathers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10646-011-0607-3","usgsCitation":"Fernandez, J., Hofle, U., Mateo, R., de Francisco, O.N., Abbott, R., Acevedo, P., and Blanco, J., 2011, Assessment of lead exposure in Spanish imperial eagle (Aquila adalberti) from spent ammunition in central Spain: Ecotoxicology, v. 20, no. 4, p. 670-681, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-011-0607-3.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"670","endPage":"681","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-025987","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203897,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Spain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n 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Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the feasibility of native fish reintroductions: A framework applied to threatened bull trout","docAbstract":"Translocations to recover native fishes have resulted in mixed success. One reason for the failure of these actions is inadequate assessments of their feasibility prior to implementation. Here, we provide a framework developed to assess the feasibility of one type of translocation—reintroduction. The framework was founded on two simple components of feasibility: the potential for recipient habitats to support a reintroduction and the potential of available donor populations to support a reintroduction. Within each component, we developed a series of key questions. The final assessment was based on a scoring system that incorporated consideration of uncertainty in available information. The result was a simple yet transparent system for assessing reintroduction feasibility that can be rapidly applied in practice. We applied this assessment framework to the potential reintroduction of threatened bull trout Salvelinus confluentus into the Clackamas River, Oregon. In this case, the assessment suggested that the degree of feasibility for reintroduction was high based on the potential of recipient habitats and available donor populations. The assessment did not provide a comprehensive treatment of all possible factors that would drive an actual decision to implement a reintroduction, but it did provide a fundamental level of feasibility assessment that is often lacking in practice.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2011.559830","usgsCitation":"Dunham, J., Gallo, K., Shively, D., Allen, C., and Goehring, B., 2011, Assessing the feasibility of native fish reintroductions: A framework applied to threatened bull trout: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 31, no. 1, p. 106-115, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2011.559830.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"106","endPage":"115","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204126,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Clackamas River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.07527160644531,\n 45.12247535653413\n ],\n [\n -122.07389831542969,\n 45.13846137581871\n ],\n [\n -122.11475372314453,\n 45.166789216493655\n ],\n [\n -122.14874267578125,\n 45.16969383991479\n ],\n [\n -122.16693878173827,\n 45.1970384460157\n ],\n [\n -122.2067642211914,\n 45.20260255358437\n ],\n [\n -122.2665023803711,\n 45.251688256117646\n ],\n [\n -122.36640930175781,\n 45.3205301539526\n ],\n [\n -122.3773956298828,\n 45.36251887099857\n ],\n [\n -122.39078521728516,\n 45.388324056367914\n ],\n [\n -122.43816375732422,\n 45.39652136952787\n ],\n [\n -122.46700286865234,\n 45.39435160822315\n ],\n [\n -122.51197814941406,\n 45.41291242895992\n ],\n [\n -122.55146026611328,\n 45.40616374516014\n ],\n [\n -122.6081085205078,\n 45.377231681380145\n ],\n [\n -122.59437561035155,\n 45.36372498305678\n ],\n [\n -122.55317687988281,\n 45.38880628417227\n ],\n [\n -122.51575469970703,\n 45.39314614927801\n ],\n [\n -122.48348236083984,\n 45.37988440382442\n ],\n [\n -122.42820739746094,\n 45.37457883448436\n ],\n [\n -122.38941192626953,\n 45.349732502325544\n ],\n [\n -122.40177154541014,\n 45.33115093207885\n ],\n [\n -122.38975524902342,\n 45.30652699487978\n ],\n [\n -122.3609161376953,\n 45.28962202255185\n ],\n [\n -122.32658386230469,\n 45.26860453237896\n ],\n [\n -122.31456756591797,\n 45.25217164823948\n ],\n [\n -122.30358123779297,\n 45.23718457931106\n ],\n [\n -122.27886199951173,\n 45.23452517023689\n ],\n [\n -122.23045349121094,\n 45.194135217367354\n ],\n [\n -122.19715118408202,\n 45.18034285856243\n ],\n [\n -122.15972900390624,\n 45.15274811523836\n ],\n [\n -122.12642669677734,\n 45.150569013541705\n ],\n [\n -122.07527160644531,\n 45.12247535653413\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db669318","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dunham, Jason B. 0000-0002-6268-0633 jdunham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-0633","contributorId":1808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason B.","email":"jdunham@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":349123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gallo, Kirsten","contributorId":82414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallo","given":"Kirsten","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shively, Dan","contributorId":42341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shively","given":"Dan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Allen, Chris","contributorId":31514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Chris","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goehring, Brad","contributorId":17749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goehring","given":"Brad","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70004544,"text":"70004544 - 2011 - Assessing hypotheses about nesting site occupancy dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-12T22:06:32.763455","indexId":"70004544","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing hypotheses about nesting site occupancy dynamics","docAbstract":"Hypotheses about habitat selection developed in the evolutionary ecology framework assume that individuals, under some conditions, select breeding habitat based on expected fitness in different habitat. The relationship between habitat quality and fitness may be reflected by breeding success of individuals, which may in turn be used to assess habitat quality. Habitat quality may also be assessed via local density: if high‐quality sites are preferentially used, high density may reflect high‐quality habitat.
Here we assessed whether site occupancy dynamics vary with site surrogates for habitat quality. We modeled nest site use probability in a seabird subcolony (the Black‐legged Kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla) over a 20‐year period. We estimated site persistence (an occupied site remains occupied from time t to t + 1) and colonization through two subprocesses: first colonization (site creation at the timescale of the study) and recolonization (a site is colonized again after being deserted). Our model explicitly incorporated site‐specific and neighboring breeding success and conspecific density in the neighborhood. Our results provided evidence that reproductively “successful” sites have a higher persistence probability than “unsuccessful” ones. Analyses of site fidelity in marked birds and of survival probability showed that high site persistence predominantly reflects site fidelity, not immediate colonization by new owners after emigration or death of previous owners. There is a negative quadratic relationship between local density and persistence probability. First colonization probability decreases with density, whereas recolonization probability is constant. This highlights the importance of distinguishing initial colonization and recolonization to understand site occupancy. All dynamics varied positively with neighboring breeding success. We found evidence of a positive interaction between site‐specific and neighboring breeding success.
We addressed local population dynamics using a site occupancy approach integrating hypotheses developed in behavioral ecology to account for individual decisions. This allows development of models of population and metapopulation dynamics that explicitly incorporate ecological and evolutionary processes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1890/10-0392.1","usgsCitation":"Bled, F., Royle, J., and Cam, E., 2011, Assessing hypotheses about nesting site occupancy dynamics: Ecology, v. 92, no. 4, p. 938-951, https://doi.org/10.1890/10-0392.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"938","endPage":"951","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203874,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"France","state":"Brittany","otherGeospatial":"Cap Sizun","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -4.302520751953125,\n 48.08817066753472\n ],\n [\n -4.37530517578125,\n 48.111099041065366\n ],\n [\n -4.72412109375,\n 48.06569093979212\n ],\n [\n -4.741973876953125,\n 48.038610478762806\n ],\n [\n -4.568939208984375,\n 47.99911175452292\n ],\n [\n -4.4515228271484375,\n 47.982108806418296\n ],\n [\n -4.310760498046875,\n 47.98302802791759\n ],\n [\n -4.302520751953125,\n 48.08817066753472\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"92","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672a4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bled, Florent","contributorId":93613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bled","given":"Florent","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":80808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cam, Emmanuelle","contributorId":78069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cam","given":"Emmanuelle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70150408,"text":"70150408 - 2011 - Comparison of fish assemblages in two disjoined segments of an oxbow lake in relation to connectivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-24T14:45:09","indexId":"70150408","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of fish assemblages in two disjoined segments of an oxbow lake in relation to connectivity","docAbstract":"Disconnection between adjacent habitat patches is one of the most notable factors contributing to the decreased biotic integrity of global ecosystems. Connectivity is especially threatened in river–floodplain ecosystems in which channel modifications have disrupted the lateral links between the main river channel and floodplain lakes. In this study, we examined the interaction between the interconnectedness of floodplain lakes and main river channels and fish assemblage descriptors. Fish assemblages in two segments of an oxbow lake, one connected to and the other isolated from the Yazoo River, Mississippi, were estimated with daytime boat electrofishing during 2007–2010. The frequency of connection for the connected segment ranged from zero to seven individual events per year (mean, ∼2). The timing of most connection events reflected regional precipitation patterns. Greater species richness, diversity, and evenness were observed in the connected segment. Additionally, the connected segment had a greater abundance of piscivores and periodic life history strategists. All fishes collected solely in the connected segment were typically riverine in nature, whereas fishes collected only in the disconnected segment were more lacustrine adapted. These results suggest that periodic connection and the associated habitat heterogeneity that it provides are important for maintaining fish species richness and diversity in large-river floodplain lakes. We suggest that maintenance or restoration of connection be an integral part of fluvial ecosystem management plans.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2011.607044","usgsCitation":"Dembkowski, D., and Miranda, L.E., 2011, Comparison of fish assemblages in two disjoined segments of an oxbow lake in relation to connectivity: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 140, no. 4, p. 1060-1069, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2011.607044.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1060","endPage":"1069","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-029943","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":302309,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Hard Cash Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.51571369171143,\n 33.13924015021169\n ],\n [\n -90.51391124725342,\n 33.140282256934995\n ],\n [\n -90.51060676574707,\n 33.14021038790309\n ],\n [\n -90.50880432128906,\n 33.13891673526418\n ],\n [\n -90.50858974456786,\n 33.13780274132225\n ],\n [\n -90.50717353820801,\n 33.13654498923202\n ],\n [\n -90.50524234771729,\n 33.13679654109202\n ],\n [\n -90.50271034240723,\n 33.13622156435265\n ],\n [\n -90.50288200378418,\n 33.13309506240943\n ],\n [\n -90.50137996673584,\n 33.13126223363353\n ],\n [\n -90.50069332122801,\n 33.129213732658116\n ],\n [\n -90.5022382736206,\n 33.12871058475581\n ],\n [\n -90.50253868103027,\n 33.12770428030061\n ],\n [\n -90.50056457519531,\n 33.12633856294882\n ],\n [\n -90.49949169158936,\n 33.12450559311587\n ],\n [\n -90.50052165985107,\n 33.122672585019934\n ],\n [\n -90.5042552947998,\n 33.121019250781025\n ],\n [\n -90.5088472366333,\n 33.12083953866211\n ],\n [\n -90.51356792449951,\n 33.1223850508665\n ],\n [\n -90.5143404006958,\n 33.12450559311587\n ],\n [\n -90.51361083984375,\n 33.1259072793717\n ],\n [\n -90.5115509033203,\n 33.12623074225315\n ],\n [\n -90.50970554351807,\n 33.12709330411134\n ],\n [\n -90.51022052764891,\n 33.128818402406175\n ],\n [\n -90.51223754882812,\n 33.13205287034784\n ],\n [\n -90.51318168640135,\n 33.133526310677674\n ],\n [\n -90.51485538482666,\n 33.13489191621638\n ],\n [\n -90.51661491394043,\n 33.13636530889064\n ],\n [\n -90.51682949066162,\n 33.137766805798385\n ],\n [\n -90.51571369171143,\n 33.13924015021169\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"140","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558bd4b4e4b0b6d21dd652e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dembkowski, Daniel J.","contributorId":78237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dembkowski","given":"Daniel J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":556837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miranda, Leandro E. 0000-0002-2138-7924 smiranda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2138-7924","contributorId":531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"Leandro","email":"smiranda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70004045,"text":"70004045 - 2011 - Anthropocene streams and base-level controls from historic dams in the unglaciated mid-Atlantic region, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-19T15:35:08.277773","indexId":"70004045","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3047,"text":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anthropocene streams and base-level controls from historic dams in the unglaciated mid-Atlantic region, USA","docAbstract":"Recently, widespread valley-bottom damming for water power was identified as a primary control on valley sedimentation in the mid-Atlantic US during the late seventeenth to early twentieth century. The timing of damming coincided with that of accelerated upland erosion during post-European settlement land-use change. In this paper, we examine the impact of local drops in base level on incision into historic reservoir sediment as thousands of ageing dams breach. Analysis of lidar and field data indicates that historic milldam building led to local base-level rises of 2–5 m (typical milldam height) and reduced valley slopes by half. Subsequent base-level fall with dam breaching led to an approximate doubling in slope, a significant base-level forcing. Case studies in forested, rural as well as agricultural and urban areas demonstrate that a breached dam can lead to stream incision, bank erosion and increased loads of suspended sediment, even with no change in land use. After dam breaching, key predictors of stream bank erosion include number of years since dam breach, proximity to a dam and dam height. One implication of this work is that conceptual models linking channel condition and sediment yield exclusively with modern upland land use are incomplete for valleys impacted by milldams. With no equivalent in the Holocene or late Pleistocene sedimentary record, modern incised stream-channel forms in the mid-Atlantic region represent a transient response to both base-level forcing and major changes in land use beginning centuries ago. Similar channel forms might also exist in other locales where historic milling was prevalent.
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pestis infection in the Wyoming coyote (Canis latrans)","docAbstract":"Although Yersinia pestis is classified as a \"high-virulence\" pathogen, some host species are variably susceptible to disease. Coyotes (Canis latrans) exhibit mild, if any, symptoms during infection, but antibody production occurs postinfection. This immune response has been reported to be against the F1 capsule, although little subsequent characterization has been conducted. To further define the nature of coyote humoral immunity to plague, qualitative serology was conducted to assess the antiplague antibody repertoire. Humoral responses to six plasmid-encoded Y. pestis virulence factors were first examined. Of 20 individual immune coyotes, 90% were reactive to at least one other antigen in the panel other than F1. The frequency of reactivity to low calcium response plasmid (pLcr)-encoded Yersinia protein kinase A (YpkA) and Yersinia outer protein D (YopD) was significantly greater than that previously observed in a murine model for plague. Additionally, both V antigen and plasminogen activator were reactive with over half of the serum samples tested. Reactivity to F1 was markedly less frequent in coyotes (35%). Twenty previously tested antibody-negative samples were also examined. While the majority were negative across the panel, 15% were positive for 1-3 non-F1 antigens. In vivo-induced antigen technology employed to identify novel chromosomal genes of Y. pestis that are up-regulated during infection resulted in the identification of five proteins, including a flagellar component (FliP) that was uniquely reactive with the coyote serum compared with immune serum from two other host species. Collectively, these data suggest that humoral immunity to pLcr-encoded antigens and the pesticin plasmid (pPst)-encoded Pla antigen may be relevant to plague resistance in coyotes. The serologic profile of Y. pestis chromosomal antigens up-regulated in vivo specific to C. latrans may provide insight into the differences in the pathogen-host responses during Y. pestis infection.
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W.H.","contributorId":43718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"W.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rocke, Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":88680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Little, S.F.","contributorId":48296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Little","given":"S.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Andrews, G.P.","contributorId":83474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"G.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70004018,"text":"70004018 - 2011 - Diel biogeochemical processes and their effect on the aqueous chemistry of streams: A review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-11T10:37:36","indexId":"70004018","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diel biogeochemical processes and their effect on the aqueous chemistry of streams: A review","docAbstract":"This review summarizes biogeochemical processes that operate on diel, or 24-h, time scales in streams and the changes in aqueous chemistry that are associated with these processes. Some biogeochemical processes, such as those producing diel cycles of dissolved O2 and pH, were the first to be studied, whereas processes producing diel concentration cycles of a broader spectrum of chemical species including dissolved gases, dissolved inorganic and organic carbon, trace elements, nutrients, stable isotopes, and suspended particles have received attention only more recently. Diel biogeochemical cycles are interrelated because the cyclical variations produced by one biogeochemical process commonly affect another. Thus, understanding biogeochemical cycling is essential not only for guiding collection and interpretation of water-quality data but also for geochemical and ecological studies of streams. Expanded knowledge of diel biogeochemical cycling will improve understanding of how natural aquatic environments function and thus lead to better predictions of how stream ecosystems might react to changing conditions of contaminant loading, eutrophication, climate change, drought, industrialization, development, and other factors.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1038/286118a0","usgsCitation":"Nimick, D.A., Gammons, C.H., and Parker, S., 2011, Diel biogeochemical processes and their effect on the aqueous chemistry of streams: A review: Chemical Geology, v. 283, no. 1-2, p. 3-17, https://doi.org/10.1038/286118a0.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"17","costCenters":[{"id":400,"text":"Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203863,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"283","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d971","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimick, David A. dnimick@usgs.gov","contributorId":421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimick","given":"David","email":"dnimick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":573,"text":"Special Applications Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gammons, Christopher H.","contributorId":7822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gammons","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parker, Stephen R.","contributorId":46673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"Stephen R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}