{"pageNumber":"1883","pageRowStart":"47050","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184563,"records":[{"id":70007479,"text":"70007479 - 2010 - Extrapolating growth reductions in fish to changes in population extinction risks: Copper and Chinook salmon.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T20:58:30.320058","indexId":"70007479","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-11T14:50:16","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1913,"text":"Human and Ecological Risk Assessment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extrapolating growth reductions in fish to changes in population extinction risks: Copper and Chinook salmon.","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fish commonly respond to stress, including stress from chemical exposures, with reduced growth. However, the relevance to wild populations of subtle and sometimes transitory growth reductions may not be obvious. At low-level, sustained exposures, Cu is one substance that commonly causes reduced growth but little mortality in laboratory toxicity tests with fish. To explore the relevance of growth reductions under laboratory conditions to wild populations, we (1) estimated growth effects of low-level Cu exposures to juvenile Chinook salmon (</span><i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i><span>), (2) related growth effects to reduced survival in downriver Chinook salmon migrations, (3) estimated population demographics, (4) constructed a demographically structured matrix population model, and (5) projected the influence of Cu-reduced growth on population size, extinction risks, and recovery chances. Reduced juvenile growth from Cu in the range of chronic criteria concentrations was projected to cause disproportionate reductions in survival of migrating juveniles, with a 7.5% length reduction predicting about a 23% to 52% reduction in survival from a headwaters trap to the next census point located 640 km downstream. Projecting reduced juvenile growth out through six generations (∼30 years) resulted in little increased extinction risk; however, population recovery times were delayed under scenarios where Cu-reduced growth was imposed.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10807039.2010.512243","usgsCitation":"Mebane, C.A., and Arthaud, D.L., 2010, Extrapolating growth reductions in fish to changes in population extinction risks: Copper and Chinook salmon.: Human and Ecological Risk Assessment, v. 16, no. 5, p. 1026-1065, https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2010.512243.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"1026","endPage":"1065","numberOfPages":"39","ipdsId":"IP-007058","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":383032,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Middle Fork of the Salmon River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.4171142578125,\n              45.13361760070825\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.686279296875,\n              45.33090957287155\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.17242431640624,\n              45.10260769705975\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.62286376953124,\n              44.48866833139464\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.66680908203125,\n              44.306161215277854\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.37017822265625,\n              44.19795903948531\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.99938964843749,\n              44.406316252661355\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.62585449218749,\n              44.820812031724444\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.4171142578125,\n              45.13361760070825\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mebane, Christopher A. 0000-0002-9089-0267 cmebane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9089-0267","contributorId":110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mebane","given":"Christopher","email":"cmebane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arthaud, David L.","contributorId":115849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arthaud","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":513804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70174133,"text":"70174133 - 2010 - The effects of land cover and land use change on the contemporary carbon balance of the arctic and boreal terrestrial ecosystems of northern Eurasia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-15T12:08:22","indexId":"70174133","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The effects of land cover and land use change on the contemporary carbon balance of the arctic and boreal terrestrial ecosystems of northern Eurasia","docAbstract":"<p><span>Recent changes in climate, disturbance regimes and land use and management systems in Northern Eurasia have the potential to disrupt the terrestrial sink of atmospheric CO</span><sub>2</sub><span> in a way that accelerates global climate change. To determine the recent trends in the carbon balance of the arctic and boreal ecosystems of this region, we performed a retrospective analysis of terrestrial carbon dynamics across northern Eurasia over a recent 10-year period using a terrestrial biogeochemical process model. The results of the simulations suggest a shift in direction of the net flux from the terrestrial sink of earlier decades to a net source on the order of 45 Tg C year</span><sup>−1</sup><span>between 1997 and 2006. The simulation framework and subsequent analyses presented in this study attribute this shift to a large loss of carbon from boreal forest ecosystems, which experienced a trend of decreasing precipitation and a large area burned during this time period.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Eurasian Arctic land cover and land use in a changing climate","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/978-90-481-9118-5_6","usgsCitation":"Hayes, D.J., McGuire, A.D., Kicklighter, D.W., Burnside, T.J., and Melillo, J.M., 2010, The effects of land cover and land use change on the contemporary carbon balance of the arctic and boreal terrestrial ecosystems of northern Eurasia, chap. <i>of</i> Eurasian Arctic land cover and land use in a changing climate, p. 109-136, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9118-5_6.","productDescription":"28 p. ","startPage":"109","endPage":"136","ipdsId":"IP-019577","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332155,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-10-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5853ba47e4b0e2663625f2d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayes, Daniel J.","contributorId":100237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, A. David 0000-0003-4646-0750 ffadm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4646-0750","contributorId":166708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A.","email":"ffadm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":640976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kicklighter, David W.","contributorId":48872,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kicklighter","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burnside, Todd J.","contributorId":177500,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burnside","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Melillo, Jerry M.","contributorId":87847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melillo","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70208553,"text":"70208553 - 2010 - Modeling to evaluate the response of savanna-derived cropland to warming–drying stress and nitrogen fertilizers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-20T10:04:32","indexId":"70208553","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-10T14:35:54","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1252,"text":"Climatic Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling to evaluate the response of savanna-derived cropland to warming–drying stress and nitrogen fertilizers","docAbstract":"<p><span>Many savannas in West Africa have been converted to croplands and are among the world’s regions most vulnerable to climate change due to deteriorating soil quality. We focused on the savanna-derived cropland in northern Ghana to simulate its sensitivity to projected climate change and nitrogen fertilization scenarios. Here we show that progressive warming–drying stress over the twenty-first century will enhance soil carbon emissions from all kinds of lands of which the natural ecosystems will be more vulnerable to variation in climate variables, particularly in annual precipitation. The carbon emissions from all croplands, however, could be mitigated by applying nitrogen fertilizer at 30–60&nbsp;kg N ha</span><sup> − 1</sup><span>&nbsp;year</span><sup> − 1</sup><span>. The uncertainties of soil organic carbon budgets and crop yields depend mainly on the nitrogen fertilization rate during the first 40&nbsp;years and then are dominated by climate drying stress. The replenishment of soil nutrients, especially of nitrogen through fertilization, could be one of the priority options for policy makers and farm managers as they evaluate mitigation and adaptation strategies of cropping systems and management practices to sustain agriculture and ensure food security under a changing climate.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10584-009-9688-x","usgsCitation":"Tan, Z., Tieszen, L.L., Liu, S., and Tachie-Obeng, E., 2010, Modeling to evaluate the response of savanna-derived cropland to warming–drying stress and nitrogen fertilizers: Climatic Change, v. 100, no. 3-4, p. 702-715, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-009-9688-x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"702","endPage":"715","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":372366,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Ghana","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -2.8784179687499996,\n              8.928487062665504\n            ],\n            [\n              0.32958984375,\n              8.928487062665504\n            ],\n            [\n              0.32958984375,\n              10.919617760254697\n            ],\n            [\n              -2.8784179687499996,\n              10.919617760254697\n            ],\n            [\n              -2.8784179687499996,\n              8.928487062665504\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"100","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tan, Zhengxi 0000-0002-4136-0921 ztan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4136-0921","contributorId":2945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tan","given":"Zhengxi","email":"ztan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tieszen, Larry L. tieszen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tieszen","given":"Larry","email":"tieszen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":782448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liu, Shuguang 0000-0002-6027-3479 sliu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6027-3479","contributorId":147403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Shuguang","email":"sliu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tachie-Obeng, E.","contributorId":82550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tachie-Obeng","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70173758,"text":"70173758 - 2010 - Modeling the impacts of hunting on the population dynamics of red howler monkeys (<i>Alouatta seniculus</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T15:54:11","indexId":"70173758","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling the impacts of hunting on the population dynamics of red howler monkeys (<i>Alouatta seniculus</i>)","docAbstract":"<p>Overexploitation of wildlife populations occurs across the humid tropics and is a significant threat to the long-term survival of large-bodied primates. To investigate the impacts of hunting on primates and ways to mitigate them, we developed a spatially explicit, individual-based model for a landscape that included hunted and un-hunted areas. We used the large-bodied neotropical red howler monkey (<i>Alouatta seniculus</i>) as our case study species because its life history characteristics make it vulnerable to hunting. We modeled the influence of different rates of harvest and proportions of landscape dedicated to un-hunted reserves on population persistence, population size, social dynamics, and hunting yields of red howler monkeys. In most scenarios, the un-hunted populations maintained a constant density regardless of hunting pressure elsewhere, and allowed the overall population to persist. Therefore, the overall population was quite resilient to extinction; only in scenarios without any un-hunted areas did the population go extinct. However, the total and hunted populations did experience large declines over 100 years under moderate and high hunting pressure. In addition, when reserve area decreased, population losses and losses per unit area increased disproportionately. Furthermore, hunting disrupted the social structure of troops. The number of male turnovers and infanticides increased in hunted populations, while birth rates decreased and exacerbated population losses due to hunting. Finally, our results indicated that when more than 55% of the landscape was harvested at high (30%) rates, hunting yields, as measured by kilograms of biomass, were less than those obtained from moderate harvest rates. Additionally, hunting yields, expressed as the number of individuals hunted/year/km<sup>2</sup>, increased in proximity to un-hunted areas, and suggested that dispersal from un-hunted areas may have contributed to hunting sustainability. These results indicate that un-hunted areas serve to enhance hunting yields, population size, and population persistence in hunted landscapes. Therefore, spatial regulation of hunting via a reserve system may be an effective management strategy for sustainable hunting, and we recommend it because it may also be more feasible to implement than harvest quotas or restrictions on season length.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science Pub. Co.","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.06.026","usgsCitation":"Wiederholt, R., Fernandez-Duque, E., Diefenbach, D.R., and Rudran, R., 2010, Modeling the impacts of hunting on the population dynamics of red howler monkeys (<i>Alouatta seniculus</i>): Ecological Modelling, v. 221, no. 10, p. 2482-2490, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.06.026.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2482","endPage":"2490","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-021572","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323306,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Venezuela","state":"Guárico","otherGeospatial":"Hato Masaguaral","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -67.5,\n              8.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.5,\n              8.6\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.6,\n              8.6\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.6,\n              8.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.5,\n              8.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"221","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57594213e4b04f417c2568fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiederholt, Ruscena","contributorId":149125,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiederholt","given":"Ruscena","affiliations":[{"id":17653,"text":"School of Natural Resources & the Environment, The University of Arizona, Tucson","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fernandez-Duque, Eduardo","contributorId":171620,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fernandez-Duque","given":"Eduardo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16979,"text":"University of Pennsylvania","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Diefenbach, Duane R. 0000-0001-5111-1147 drd11@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5111-1147","contributorId":5235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diefenbach","given":"Duane","email":"drd11@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rudran, Rasanayagam","contributorId":112332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rudran","given":"Rasanayagam","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70160861,"text":"70160861 - 2010 - Map correlation method: Selection of a reference streamgage to estimate daily streamflow at ungaged catchments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T16:45:04","indexId":"70160861","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-09T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Map correlation method: Selection of a reference streamgage to estimate daily streamflow at ungaged catchments","docAbstract":"<p><span>Daily streamflow time series are critical to a very broad range of hydrologic problems. Whereas daily streamflow time series are readily obtained from gaged catchments, streamflow information is commonly needed at catchments for which no measured streamflow information exists. At ungaged catchments, methods to estimate daily streamflow time series typically require the use of a reference streamgage, which transfers properties of the streamflow time series at a reference streamgage to the ungaged catchment. Therefore, the selection of a reference streamgage is one of the central challenges associated with estimation of daily streamflow at ungaged basins. The reference streamgage is typically selected by choosing the nearest streamgage; however, this paper shows that selection of the nearest streamgage does not provide a consistent selection criterion. We introduce a new method, termed the map‐correlation method, which selects the reference streamgage whose daily streamflows are most correlated with an ungaged catchment. When applied to the estimation of daily streamflow at 28 streamgages across southern New England, daily streamflows estimated by a reference streamgage selected using the map‐correlation method generally provides improved estimates of daily streamflow time series over streamflows estimated by the selection and use of the nearest streamgage. The map correlation method could have potential for many other applications including identifying redundancy and uniqueness in a streamgage network, calibration of rainfall runoff models at ungaged sites, as well as for use in catchment classification.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2009WR008481","usgsCitation":"Archfield, S.A., and Vogel, R.M., 2010, Map correlation method: Selection of a reference streamgage to estimate daily streamflow at ungaged catchments: Water Resources Research, v. 46, no. 10, Article W10513; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2009WR008481.","productDescription":"Article W10513; 15 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-010477","costCenters":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475654,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2009wr008481","text":"Publisher Index 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     41.29018995588562\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.4930419921875,\n              41.21585377825921\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-10-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"568ba5d6e4b0e7594ee776a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Archfield, Stacey A. 0000-0002-9011-3871 sarch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-3871","contributorId":1874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archfield","given":"Stacey","email":"sarch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":584082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vogel, Richard M.","contributorId":66811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogel","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":584132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70173483,"text":"70173483 - 2010 - Factors influencing wood mobilization in Minnesota streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T09:37:52","indexId":"70173483","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors influencing wood mobilization in Minnesota streams","docAbstract":"<p><span>Natural pieces of wood provide a variety of ecosystem functions in streams including habitat, organic matter retention, increased hyporheic exchange and transient storage, and enhanced hydraulic and geomorphic heterogeneity. Wood mobilization is a critical process in determining the residence time of wood. We documented the characteristics and locations of 865 natural wood pieces (&gt;0.05 m in diameter for a portion &gt;1 m in length) in nine streams along the north shore of Lake Superior in Minnesota. We determined the locations of the pieces again after an overbank stormflow event to determine the factors that influenced mobilization of stationary wood pieces in natural streams. Seven of 11 potential predictor variables were identified with multiple logistic regression as significant to mobilization: burial, effective depth, ratio of piece length to effective stream width (length ratio), bracing, rootwad presence, downstream force ratio, and draft ratio. The final model (</span><i>P</i><span>&lt; 0.001,&nbsp;</span><i>r</i><span>2</span><span>&nbsp;= 0.39) indicated that wood mobilization under natural conditions is a complex function of both mechanical factors (burial, length ratio, bracing, rootwad presence, draft ratio) and hydraulic factors (effective depth, downstream force ratio). If stable pieces are a goal for stream management then features such as partial burial, low effective depth, high length relative to channel width, bracing against other objects (e.g., stream banks, trees, rocks, or larger wood pieces), and rootwads are desirable. Using the model equation from this study, stewards of natural resources can better manage in-stream wood for the benefit of stream ecosystems.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2009WR008772","usgsCitation":"Merten, E., Finlay, J., Johnson, L., Newman, R., Stefan, H., and Vondracek, B.C., 2010, Factors influencing wood mobilization in Minnesota streams: Water Resources Research, v. 46, no. 10, Article W10514; 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2009WR008772.","productDescription":"Article W10514; 13 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-016563","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475655,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2009wr008772","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324159,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-10-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576a653ae4b07657d1a11d9d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merten, Eric","contributorId":172045,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Merten","given":"Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finlay, Jacques","contributorId":172286,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Finlay","given":"Jacques","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Lucinda","contributorId":172287,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Lucinda","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Newman, Raymond","contributorId":172288,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Newman","given":"Raymond","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stefan, Heinz","contributorId":172289,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stefan","given":"Heinz","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vondracek, Bruce C. bcv@usgs.gov","contributorId":904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vondracek","given":"Bruce","email":"bcv@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":98804,"text":"ofr20101103 - 2010 - Groundwater level and specific conductance monitoring at Marine Corps Base, Camp Lejeune, Onslow County, North Carolina, 2007-2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-08T14:02:52","indexId":"ofr20101103","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1103","title":"Groundwater level and specific conductance monitoring at Marine Corps Base, Camp Lejeune, Onslow County, North Carolina, 2007-2008","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Marine Corps Base, Camp Lejeune, monitored water-resources conditions in the surficial, Castle Hayne, Peedee, and Black Creek aquifers in Onslow County, North Carolina, from November 2007 through September 2008. To comply with North Carolina Central Coastal Plain Capacity Use Area regulations, large-volume water suppliers in Onslow County must reduce their dependency on the Black Creek aquifer as a water-supply source and have, instead, proposed using the Castle Hayne aquifer as an alternative water-supply source. The Marine Corps Base, Camp Lejeune, uses water obtained from the unregulated surficial and Castle Hayne aquifers for drinking-water supply. \r\n\r\nWater-level data were collected and field measurements of physical properties were made at 19 wells at 8 locations spanning the Marine Corps Base, Camp Lejeune. These wells were instrumented with near real-time monitoring equipment to collect hourly measurements of water level. Additionally, specific conductance and water temperature were measured hourly in 16 of the 19 wells. Graphs are presented relating altitude of groundwater level to water temperature and specific conductance measurements collected during the study, and the relative vertical gradients between aquifers are discussed. The period-of-record normal (25th to 75th percentile) monthly mean groundwater levels at two well clusters were compared to median monthly mean groundwater levels at these same well clusters for 2008 to determine groundwater-resources conditions. In 2008, water levels were below normal in the 3 wells at one of the well clusters and were normal in 4 wells at the other cluster.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101103","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Department of the Navy, U.S. Marine Corps","usgsCitation":"McSwain, K., 2010, Groundwater level and specific conductance monitoring at Marine Corps Base, Camp Lejeune, Onslow County, North Carolina, 2007-2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1103, iv, 17 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101103.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p.; Appendices","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2007-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126782,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1103.jpg"},{"id":14216,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1103/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","county":"Onslow County","otherGeospatial":" Marine Corps Base, Camp Lejeune","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -77.66666666666667,34 ], [ -77.66666666666667,35 ], [ -77,35 ], [ -77,34 ], [ -77.66666666666667,34 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a94e4b07f02db659401","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McSwain, Kristen Bukowski","contributorId":104458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McSwain","given":"Kristen Bukowski","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":98803,"text":"ofr20101252 - 2010 - Selenium concentrations and stable isotopic compositions of carbon and nitrogen in the benthic clam Corbula amurensis from northern San Francisco Bay, California:  May 1995–February 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-06T18:39:45.38189","indexId":"ofr20101252","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1252","displayTitle":"Selenium concentrations and stable isotopic compositions of carbon and nitrogen in the benthic clam <i>Corbula amurensis</i> from northern San Francisco Bay, California:  May 1995–February 2010","title":"Selenium concentrations and stable isotopic compositions of carbon and nitrogen in the benthic clam Corbula amurensis from northern San Francisco Bay, California:  May 1995–February 2010","docAbstract":"<p><span>The clam-based food webs of San Francisco Bay, California efficiently bioaccumlate selenium and thus provide pathways for exposure to predators important to the estuary. This study documents changes in monthly selenium concentrations for the clam&nbsp;</span><i>Corbula amurensis</i><span>, a keystone species of the estuary, at five locations in northern San Francisco Bay from 1995 through 2010. Samples were collected from designated U.S. Geological Survey stations and prepared and analyzed by U.S. Geological Survey methods. Stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen in soft tissues of clams also were measured as an indicator of sources of selenium for the clams. These monitoring data indicate that clam selenium concentrations ranged from a low of 2 to a high of 22 micrograms per gram dry weight with strong spatial and seasonal variation over the period of study.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101252","usgsCitation":"Kleckner, A.E., Stewart, A., Elrick, K.A., and Luoma, S.N., 2010, Selenium concentrations and stable isotopic compositions of carbon and nitrogen in the benthic clam Corbula amurensis from northern San Francisco Bay, California:  May 1995–February 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1252, iv, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101252.","productDescription":"iv, 6 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1995-05-01","temporalEnd":"2010-02-28","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203378,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":14215,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1252/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":374459,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1252/pdf/ofr20101252.pdf"},{"id":390279,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_94377.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Northern San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.5,37 ], [ -122.5,39 ], [ -121.5,39 ], [ -121.5,37 ], [ -122.5,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f4974","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kleckner, Amy E. kleckner@usgs.gov","contributorId":4258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleckner","given":"Amy","email":"kleckner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, A. Robin 0000-0003-2918-546X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2918-546X","contributorId":82436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"A. Robin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elrick, Kent A.","contributorId":78415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elrick","given":"Kent","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Luoma, Samuel N. 0000-0001-5443-5091 snluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-5091","contributorId":2287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"Samuel","email":"snluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":98802,"text":"sim3135 - 2010 - Flood-inundation maps for a 15-mile reach of the Kalamazoo River from Marshall to Battle Creek, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-16T22:05:13.768771","indexId":"sim3135","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3135","title":"Flood-inundation maps for a 15-mile reach of the Kalamazoo River from Marshall to Battle Creek, Michigan","docAbstract":"Digital flood-inundation maps for a 15-mile reach of the Kalamazoo River from Marshall to Battle Creek, Michigan, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to help guide remediation efforts following a crude-oil spill on July 25, 2010. The spill happened on Talmadge Creek, a tributary of the Kalamazoo River near Marshall, during a flood. The floodwaters transported the spilled oil down the Kalamazoo River and deposited oil in impoundments and on the surfaces of islands and flood plains. Six flood-inundation maps were constructed corresponding to the flood stage (884.09 feet) coincident with the oil spill on July 25, 2010, as well as for floods with annual exceedance probabilities of 0.2, 1, 2, 4, and 10 percent. Streamflow at the USGS streamgage at Marshall, Michigan (USGS site ID 04103500), was used to calculate the flood probabilities. From August 13 to 18, 2010, 35 channel cross sections, 17 bridges and 1 dam were surveyed. These data were used to construct a water-surface profile for the July 25, 2010, flood by use of a one-dimensional step-backwater model. The calibrated model was used to estimate water-surface profiles for other flood probabilities. The resulting six flood-inundation maps were created with a geographic information system by combining flood profiles with a 1.2-foot vertical and 10-foot horizontal resolution digital elevation model derived from Light Detection and Ranging data.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3135","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region V","usgsCitation":"Hoard, C.J., Fowler, K.K., Kim, M.H., Menke, C., Morlock, S.E., Peppler, M., Rachol, C., and Whitehead, M.T., 2010, Flood-inundation maps for a 15-mile reach of the Kalamazoo River from Marshall to Battle Creek, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3135, Pamphlet: iv, 6 p.; 6 Sheets: 22 x 17 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3135.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: iv, 6 p.; 6 Sheets: 22 x 17 inches; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126159,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3135.jpg"},{"id":396056,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_94375.htm"},{"id":14214,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3135/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","city":"Battle Creek, Marshall","otherGeospatial":"Kalamazoo River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -85.21064758300781,\n              42.24478535602799\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.21064758300781,\n              42.32961592295752\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.95590209960938,\n              42.32961592295752\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.95590209960938,\n              42.24478535602799\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.21064758300781,\n              42.24478535602799\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e7046","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoard, C. J.","contributorId":37436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoard","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fowler, K. K. 0000-0002-0107-3848","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0107-3848","contributorId":40633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fowler","given":"K.","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kim, M. H.","contributorId":68868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Menke, C. D.","contributorId":70524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menke","given":"C. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morlock, S. E.","contributorId":31437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morlock","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Peppler, M. C.","contributorId":55565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peppler","given":"M. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rachol, C. M. 0000-0001-9984-3435","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9984-3435","contributorId":59085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rachol","given":"C. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Whitehead, M. T.","contributorId":31092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitehead","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":98798,"text":"sir20105083 - 2010 - Occurrence of antibiotic compounds in source water and finished drinking water from the upper Scioto River Basin, Ohio, 2005-6","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-09T11:26:02","indexId":"sir20105083","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5083","title":"Occurrence of antibiotic compounds in source water and finished drinking water from the upper Scioto River Basin, Ohio, 2005-6","docAbstract":"The occurrence of antibiotics in surface water and groundwater in urban basins has become a topic of increasing interest in recent years. Little is known about the occurrence, fate, or transport of these compounds and the possible health effects in humans and aquatic life. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the City of Columbus, Division of Power and Water, did a study to provide a synoptic view of the occurrence of antibiotics in source and finished waters in the upper Scioto River Basin.\r\n\r\nWater samples were collected seasonally-winter (December 2005), spring (May 2006), summer (August 2006) and fall (October 2006)-at five surface-water sites, one groundwater site, and three water-treatment plants (WTPs). Within the upper Scioto River Basin, sampling at each WTP involved two sampling sites: a source-water intake site and a finished-water site.\r\n\r\nOne or more antibiotics were detected at 11 of the 12 sampling sites. Of the 49 targeted antibiotic compounds, 12 (24 percent) were detected at least one time for a total of 61 detections overall. These compounds were azithromycin, tylosin, erythromycin-H2O, erythromycin, roxithromycin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole, iso-chlorotetracycline, lincomycin, and trimethoprim. Detection results were at low levels, with an overall median of 0.014 (u or mu)g/L. Hap Cremean WTP had the fewest detections, with two source-water detections of sulfamethoxazole and azithromycin and no detections in the finished water. Of the total of 61 detections, 31 were in the winter sample run. Sulfamethoxazale and azithromycin detections represent 41 percent of all antibiotic detections. Azithromycin was detected only in the winter sample. Some antibiotics, such as those in the quinoline and tetracycline families, dissipate more quickly in warm water, which may explain why they were detected in the cool months (winter, spring, and fall) and not in the summer. Antibiotic data collected during this study were compared to antibiotic data collected in previous national, regional, and local studies. Many of the same antibiotic compounds detected in the upper Scioto River Basin also were detected in those investigations. \r\n","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20105083","collaboration":"In cooperation with the City of Columbus, Ohio","usgsCitation":"Finnegan, D., Simonson, L.A., and Meyer, M.T., 2010, Occurrence of antibiotic compounds in source water and finished drinking water from the upper Scioto River Basin, Ohio, 2005-6: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5083, vi, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105083.","productDescription":"vi, 16 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126158,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5083.jpg"},{"id":14209,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5083/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Scioto River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84.759521484375,\n              39.609920257000795\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.64190673828125,\n              39.609920257000795\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.64190673828125,\n              40.93011520598305\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.759521484375,\n              40.93011520598305\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.759521484375,\n              39.609920257000795\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af5e4b07f02db6924f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finnegan, Dennis P. dpfinneg@usgs.gov","contributorId":2045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finnegan","given":"Dennis P.","email":"dpfinneg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":306505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simonson, Laura A.","contributorId":63110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simonson","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meyer, Michael T. 0000-0001-6006-7985 mmeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-7985","contributorId":866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Michael","email":"mmeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":98799,"text":"fs20103089 - 2010 - Chromium-Makes stainless steel stainless","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:46","indexId":"fs20103089","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3089","title":"Chromium-Makes stainless steel stainless","docAbstract":"Chromium, a steely-gray, lustrous, hard metal that takes a high polish and has a high melting point, is a silvery white, hard, and bright metal plating on steel and other material. Commonly known as chrome, it is one of the most important and indispensable industrial metals because of its hardness and resistance to corrosion. But it is used for more than the production of stainless steel and nonferrous alloys; it is also used to create pigments and chemicals used to process leather.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20103089","collaboration":"USGS Mineral Resources Program","usgsCitation":"Kropschot, S., and Doebrich, J., 2010, Chromium-Makes stainless steel stainless: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3089, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103089.","productDescription":"2 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":388,"text":"Mineral Resources Program Coordinator","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126157,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3089.jpg"},{"id":14210,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3089/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d9e4b07f02db5dfa83","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kropschot, S.J.","contributorId":8456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kropschot","given":"S.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doebrich, Jeff 0009-0009-3427-0985","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3427-0985","contributorId":70508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doebrich","given":"Jeff","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98800,"text":"sim3130 - 2010 - Geologic map of the Fraser 7.5-minute quadrangle, Grand County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:57","indexId":"sim3130","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3130","title":"Geologic map of the Fraser 7.5-minute quadrangle, Grand County, Colorado","docAbstract":"The geologic map of the Fraser quadrangle, Grand County, Colo., portrays the geology along the western boundary of the Front Range and the eastern part of the Fraser basin near the towns of Fraser and Winter Park. The oldest rocks in the quadrangle include gneiss, schist, and plutonic rocks of Paleoproterozoic age that are intruded by younger plutonic rocks of Mesoproterozoic age. These basement rocks are exposed along the southern, eastern, and northern margins of the quadrangle. Fluvial claystone, mudstone, and sandstone of the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation, and fluvial sandstone and conglomeratic sandstone of the Lower Cretaceous Dakota Group, overlie Proterozoic rocks in a small area near the southwest corner of the quadrangle. Oligocene rhyolite tuff is preserved in deep paleovalleys cut into Proterozoic rocks near the southeast corner of the quadrangle. Generally, weakly consolidated siltstone and minor unconsolidated sediments of the upper Oligocene to upper Miocene Troublesome Formation are preserved in the post-Laramide Fraser basin. Massive bedding and abundant silt suggest that loess or loess-rich alluvium is a major component of the siltstone in the Troublesome Formation. A small unnamed fault about one kilometer northeast of the town of Winter Park has the youngest known displacement in the quadrangle, displacing beds of the Troublesome Formation. \r\n\r\nSurficial deposits of Pleistocene and Holocene age are widespread in the Fraser quadrangle, particularly in major valleys and on slopes underlain by the Troublesome Formation. Deposits include glacial outwash and alluvium of non-glacial origin; mass-movement deposits transported by creep, debris flow, landsliding, and rockfall; pediment deposits; tills deposited during the Pinedale and Bull Lake glaciations; and sparse diamictons that may be pre-Bull Lake till or debris-flow deposits. 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,{"id":98801,"text":"ofr20101231 - 2010 - U.S. Geological Survey Science for the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative-2009 Annual Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-15T14:03:47.167481","indexId":"ofr20101231","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1231","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Science for the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative-2009 Annual Report","docAbstract":"This is the second report produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) for the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative (WLCI) to detail annual work activities. The first report described work activities for 2007 and 2008; this report covers work activities conducted in 2009. Important differences between the two reports are that (1) this report does not lump all the Effectiveness Monitoring activities together as last year's report did, which will allow WLCI partners and other readers to fully appreciate the scope and accomplishments of those activities, and (2) this report does not include a comprehensive appendix of the background details for each work activity. In 2009, there were 29 ongoing or completed activities, and there were 5 new work activities conducted under the 5 original major multi-disciplinary science and technical assistance activities: (1) Baseline Synthesis; (2) Targeted Monitoring and Research; (3) Data and Information Management; (4) Integration and Coordination; and (5) Decisionmaking and Evaluation. New work included (1) developing a soil-quality index, (2) developing methods for assessing levels of and relationships between mercury and soil organic matter, and (3) ascertaining element source, mobility, and fate. Additionally, (4) remotely sensed imagery was used to assess vegetation as an indicator of soil condition and geology, and (5) an Integrated Assessment (IA) was initiated to synthesize what has been learned about WLCI systems to date, and to develop associated decision tools, maps, and a comprehensive report.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101231","usgsCitation":"Bowen, Z.H., Aldridge, C.L., Anderson, P.J., Assal, T.J., Biewick, L.R., Blecker, S.W., Bristol, R.S., Carr, N.B., Chalfoun, A.D., Chong, G.W., Diffendorfer, J., Fedy, B., Garman, S.L., Germaine, S.S., Grauch, R.I., Holloway, J.M., Homer, C.G., Kauffman, M., Keinath, D., Latysh, N., Manier, D.J., McDougal, R.R., Melcher, C.P., Miller, K.A., Montag, J., Nutt, C.J., Potter, C.J., Sawyer, H., Schell, S., Shafer, S.L., Smith, D., Stillings, L., Tuttle, M., and Wilson, A.B., 2010, U.S. Geological Survey Science for the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative-2009 Annual Report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1231, ix, 105 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101231.","productDescription":"ix, 105 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126155,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1231.jpg"},{"id":14212,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1231/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111,41 ], [ -111,43.5 ], [ -106.5,43.5 ], [ -106.5,41 ], [ -111,41 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd48ffe4b0b290850eecae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowen, Zachary H. 0000-0002-8656-1831 bowenz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8656-1831","contributorId":821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Zachary","email":"bowenz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aldridge, Cameron L. 0000-0003-3926-6941 aldridgec@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3926-6941","contributorId":191773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldridge","given":"Cameron","email":"aldridgec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":306532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Patrick J. 0000-0003-2281-389X andersonpj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2281-389X","contributorId":3590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Patrick","email":"andersonpj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Assal, Timothy J. 0000-0001-6342-2954 assalt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6342-2954","contributorId":2203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Assal","given":"Timothy","email":"assalt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Biewick, Laura R. 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kmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8141-2001","contributorId":3959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Kirk","email":"kmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Montag, Jessica","contributorId":40057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montag","given":"Jessica","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Nutt, Constance J. cnutt@usgs.gov","contributorId":1781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nutt","given":"Constance","email":"cnutt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":306530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Potter, Christopher J. 0000-0002-2300-6670 cpotter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2300-6670","contributorId":1026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potter","given":"Christopher","email":"cpotter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Sawyer, Hall","contributorId":39930,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawyer","given":"Hall","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Schell, Spencer 0000-0001-7732-1863 schells@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7732-1863","contributorId":3357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schell","given":"Spencer","email":"schells@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29},{"text":"Shafer, Sarah L. 0000-0003-3739-2637 sshafer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3739-2637","contributorId":1684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafer","given":"Sarah","email":"sshafer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":306520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":30},{"text":"Smith, David B. 0000-0001-8396-9105 dsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8396-9105","contributorId":1274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David B.","email":"dsmith@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":306515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":31},{"text":"Stillings, Lisa L. 0000-0002-9011-8891 stilling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-8891","contributorId":3143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stillings","given":"Lisa L.","email":"stilling@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":306529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":32},{"text":"Tuttle, Michele L. mtuttle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tuttle","given":"Michele L.","email":"mtuttle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":306519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":33},{"text":"Wilson, Anna B. 0000-0002-9737-2614 awilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9737-2614","contributorId":1619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Anna","email":"awilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":34}]}}
,{"id":98797,"text":"ofr20101244 - 2010 - Probability and volume of potential postwildfire debris flows in the 2010 Fourmile burn area, Boulder County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-02T17:16:08","indexId":"ofr20101244","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1244","title":"Probability and volume of potential postwildfire debris flows in the 2010 Fourmile burn area, Boulder County, Colorado","docAbstract":"This report presents a preliminary emergency assessment of the debris-flow hazards from drainage basins burned by the Fourmile Creek fire in Boulder County, Colorado, in 2010. Empirical models derived from statistical evaluation of data collected from recently burned basins throughout the intermountain western United States were used to estimate the probability of debris-flow occurrence and volumes of debris flows for selected drainage basins. Data for the models include burn severity, rainfall total and intensity for a 25-year-recurrence, 1-hour-duration rainstorm, and topographic and soil property characteristics. \r\n\r\nSeveral of the selected drainage basins in Fourmile Creek and Gold Run were identified as having probabilities of debris-flow occurrence greater than 60 percent, and many more with probabilities greater than 45 percent, in response to the 25-year recurrence, 1-hour rainfall. None of the Fourmile Canyon Creek drainage basins selected had probabilities greater than 45 percent. Throughout the Gold Run area and the Fourmile Creek area upstream from Gold Run, the higher probabilities tend to be in the basins with southerly aspects (southeast, south, and southwest slopes). Many basins along the perimeter of the fire area were identified as having low probability of occurrence of debris flow. Volume of debris flows predicted from drainage basins with probabilities of occurrence greater than 60 percent ranged from 1,200 to 9,400 m3. The predicted moderately high probabilities and some of the larger volumes responses predicted for the modeled storm indicate a potential for substantial debris-flow effects to buildings, roads, bridges, culverts, and reservoirs located both within these drainages and immediately downstream from the burned area. However, even small debris flows that affect structures at the basin outlets could cause considerable damage. \r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101244","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Arapahoe and Roosevelt National Forests and Boulder County","usgsCitation":"Ruddy, B.C., Stevens, M.R., and Verdin, K., 2010, Probability and volume of potential postwildfire debris flows in the 2010 Fourmile burn area, Boulder County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1244, iv, 5 p.; 2 Plate Downloads; Plate 1: 36 inches x 24 inches; Plate 2: 36 inches x 24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101244.","productDescription":"iv, 5 p.; 2 Plate Downloads; Plate 1: 36 inches x 24 inches; Plate 2: 36 inches x 24 inches","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2010-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126781,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1244.jpg"},{"id":14208,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1244/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6e15e4b0b290851058ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruddy, Barbara C. bcruddy@usgs.gov","contributorId":4163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruddy","given":"Barbara","email":"bcruddy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":306502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stevens, Michael R. 0000-0002-9476-6335 mrsteven@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9476-6335","contributorId":769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Michael","email":"mrsteven@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Verdin, Kristine 0000-0002-6114-4660","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6114-4660","contributorId":22067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"Kristine","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70168480,"text":"70168480 - 2010 - Individual growth and reproductive behavior in a newly established population of northern snakehead (<i>Channa argus</i>), Potomac River, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-16T13:45:40","indexId":"70168480","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Individual growth and reproductive behavior in a newly established population of northern snakehead (<i>Channa argus</i>), Potomac River, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Northern snakehead (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Channa argus</i><span>) were first found in the Potomac River in 2004. In 2007, we documented feeding and reproductive behavior to better understand how this species is performing in this novel environment. From April to October, we used electrofishing surveys to collect data on growth, condition, and gonad weight of adult fish. Growth rates of young were measured on a daily basis for several weeks. Mean length-at-age for Potomac River northern snakehead was lower than for fish from China, Russia, and Uzbekistan. Fish condition was above average during spring and fall, but below average in summer. Below-average condition corresponded to periods of high spawning activity. Gonadosomatic index indicated that females began spawning at the end of April and continued through August. Peak spawning occurred at the beginning of June when average temperatures reached 26&deg;C. Larval fish growth rate, after the transition to exogenous feeding, was 2.3 (SD&nbsp;&plusmn;&nbsp;0.7) mm (total length, TL) per day. Although Potomac River northern snakehead exhibited lower overall growth rates when compared to other populations, these fish demonstrated plasticity in timing of reproduction and rapid larval growth rates. Such life history characteristics likely contribute to the success of northern snakehead in its new environment and limit managers&rsquo; options for significant control of its invasion.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10750-010-0509-z","usgsCitation":"Landis, A.M., Lapointe, N.W., and Angermeier, P.L., 2010, Individual growth and reproductive behavior in a newly established population of northern snakehead (<i>Channa argus</i>), Potomac River, USA: Hydrobiologia, v. 661, no. 1, p. 123-131, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-010-0509-z.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"123","endPage":"131","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-023591","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318079,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Dogue Creek Bay, Potomac River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.95373535156249,\n              38.84826438869913\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.96746826171875,\n              38.758366935612784\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.96746826171875,\n              38.6897975322717\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.92626953125,\n              38.46434231629165\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.86035156249999,\n              38.41055825094609\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.695556640625,\n              38.33088431959968\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.5582275390625,\n              38.24249456800328\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.5582275390625,\n              38.14319750166766\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.66259765625,\n              38.09349821336742\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.01416015625,\n              38.19502155795573\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.0965576171875,\n              38.302869955150044\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.26959228515625,\n              38.28993659801203\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.41241455078125,\n              38.35458032659834\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.40142822265625,\n              38.50304202775689\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.3272705078125,\n              38.6897975322717\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.2174072265625,\n              38.79048618862274\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.15423583984375,\n              38.8824811975508\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.113037109375,\n              38.950865400919994\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.01690673828125,\n              38.95300134535987\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.96197509765625,\n              38.92309226598178\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.95373535156249,\n              38.84826438869913\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"661","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-10-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c45646e4b0946c6521854f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Landis, Andrew M. Gascho","contributorId":166958,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Landis","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"M. Gascho","affiliations":[{"id":13360,"text":"Auburn University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lapointe, Nicolas W. R.","contributorId":166959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lapointe","given":"Nicolas","email":"","middleInitial":"W. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Angermeier, Paul L. biota@usgs.gov","contributorId":1432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angermeier","given":"Paul","email":"biota@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":613,"text":"Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":620555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":98795,"text":"ofr20101173 - 2010 - Caldera demonstration model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:49","indexId":"ofr20101173","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1173","title":"Caldera demonstration model","docAbstract":"A caldera is a large, usually circular volcanic depression formed when magma is withdrawn or erupted from a shallow underground magma reservoir. It is often difficult to visualize how calderas form. This simple experiment using flour, a balloon, tubing, and a bicycle pump, provides a helpful visualization for caldera formation. ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101173","usgsCitation":"Venezky, D., and Wessells, S., 2010, Caldera demonstration model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1173, Downloadable Video, 2:48 min; Sound File, 2:48 min; Transcript, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101173.","productDescription":"Downloadable Video, 2:48 min; Sound File, 2:48 min; Transcript","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":618,"text":"Volcano Science Center-Long Valley Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203676,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":14205,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1173/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47c8e4b07f02db4ab3a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Venezky, Dina","contributorId":19258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Venezky","given":"Dina","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wessells, Stephen","contributorId":87227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wessells","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98794,"text":"sir20105157 - 2010 - Occurrence and attempted mitigation of carbon dioxide in a home constructed on reclaimed coal-mine spoil, Pike County, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:14","indexId":"sir20105157","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5157","title":"Occurrence and attempted mitigation of carbon dioxide in a home constructed on reclaimed coal-mine spoil, Pike County, Indiana","docAbstract":"In recent years carbon dioxide intrusion has become recognized as a potentially serious health threat where homes are constructed on or near reclaimed surface coal mines. When carbon dioxide invades the living space of a home, it can collect near the floor, displace the oxygen there, and produce an oxygen-deficient environment. In this investigation, several lines of inquiry were pursued to determine the environmental factors that most influence carbon dioxide intrusion at a Pike County, Ind., home where this phenomenon is known to occur. It was found that carbon dioxide intrusion events at the home are most closely tied to rapid drops in barometric pressure and rainfall. Other researchers have shown that windy conditions and periods of cold weather also can contribute to soil-gas intrusion to structures. From this, a conceptual model was developed to illustrate the influence of these four meteorological conditions. Additionally, three mitigation methods-block-wall depressurization, block-wall and sub-slab depressurization, and block-wall and sub-slab pressurization-were applied successively to the study-site home, and environmental data were collected to evaluate the effectiveness of each mitigation method. In each case, it was found that these methods did not ensure a safe environment when meteorological conditions were favorable for carbon dioxide intrusion.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105157","collaboration":"Prepared in Cooperation with the Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Division of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Robinson, B.A., 2010, Occurrence and attempted mitigation of carbon dioxide in a home constructed on reclaimed coal-mine spoil, Pike County, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5157, vi, 17 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105157.","productDescription":"vi, 17 p.; Appendix","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126014,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5157.jpg"},{"id":14226,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5157/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.13388888888889,38.31777777777778 ], [ -87.13388888888889,38.31777777777778 ], [ -87.13388888888889,38.31777777777778 ], [ -87.13388888888889,38.31777777777778 ], [ -87.13388888888889,38.31777777777778 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afbe4b07f02db696367","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, Bret A. barobins@usgs.gov","contributorId":3897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Bret","email":"barobins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":306496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":98796,"text":"ofr20101174 - 2010 - Carbon dioxide dangers demonstration model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:49","indexId":"ofr20101174","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1174","title":"Carbon dioxide dangers demonstration model","docAbstract":"Carbon dioxide is a dangerous volcanic gas. When carbon dioxide seeps from the ground, it normally mixes with the air and dissipates rapidly. However, because carbon dioxide gas is heavier than air, it can collect in snowbanks, depressions, and poorly ventilated enclosures posing a potential danger to people and other living things. In this experiment we show how carbon dioxide gas displaces oxygen as it collects in low-lying areas. When carbon dioxide, created by mixing vinegar and baking soda, is added to a bowl with candles of different heights, the flames are extinguished as if by magic.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101174","usgsCitation":"Venezky, D., and Wessells, S., 2010, Carbon dioxide dangers demonstration model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1174, Downloadable Video, 4:21 min; Sound File, 4:21 min; Transcript, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101174.","productDescription":"Downloadable Video, 4:21 min; Sound File, 4:21 min; Transcript","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":618,"text":"Volcano Science Center-Long Valley Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203646,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":14206,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1174/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5f0119","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Venezky, Dina","contributorId":19258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Venezky","given":"Dina","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wessells, Stephen","contributorId":87227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wessells","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70045234,"text":"70045234 - 2010 - The tectono-thermal evolution of the Waterbury dome, western Connecticut, based on U-Pb and <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar ages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-16T14:28:38.857454","indexId":"70045234","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1726,"text":"GSA Memoirs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The tectono-thermal evolution of the Waterbury dome, western Connecticut, based on U-Pb and <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar ages","docAbstract":"<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">The Waterbury dome, located in the Rowe-Hawley zone in western Connecticut, is a triple window exposing three terranes: parautochthonous or allochthonous peri-Laurentian rocks in its lowest level 1, allochthonous rocks of the Rowe-Hawley zone in its middle level 2, and allochthonous cover rocks, including Silurian-Devonian rocks of the Connecticut Valley Gasp&eacute; trough, in its highest level 3. Levels 1 and 2 are separated by the Waterbury thrust, a fault equivalent to Cameron's Line, the Taconic suture in southwestern New England. Relict mesoscopic folds and foliation in levels 1 and 2 are truncated by a dominant D</span><span class=\"s2\"><sub>2</sub></span><span class=\"s1\"> migmatitic layering and are likely Taconic. U-Pb zircon crystallization ages of felsic orthogneiss and tonalite, syntectonic with respect to the formation of S</span><span class=\"s2\"><sub>2</sub></span><span class=\"s1\">, and a biotite quartz diorite that crosscuts level 2 paragneiss are 437 &plusmn; 4 Ma, 434 &plusmn; 4 Ma, and 437 &plusmn; 4 Ma, respectively.</span></p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">Level 3 nappes were emplaced over the Waterbury dome along an Acadian d&eacute;collement synchronous with the formation of a D</span><span class=\"s2\"><sub>3</sub></span><span class=\"s1\"> thrust duplex in the dome. The d&eacute;collement truncates the Ky + Kfs-in (migmatite) isograd in the dome core and a St-in isograd in level 3 nappes, indicating that peak metamorphic conditions in the dome core and nappe cover rocks formed in different places at different times. Metamorphic overgrowths on zircon from the felsic orthogneiss in the Waterbury dome have an age of 387 &plusmn; 5 Ma. Rocks of all levels and the d&eacute;collement are folded by D</span><span class=\"s2\"><sub>4</sub></span><span class=\"s1\"> folds that have a strongly developed, regional crenulation cleavage and D</span><span class=\"s2\"><sub>5</sub></span><span class=\"s1\"> folds. The Waterbury dome was formed by thrust duplexing followed by fold interference during the Acadian orogeny. The </span><span class=\"s2\"><sup>40</sup></span><span class=\"s1\">Ar/</span><span class=\"s2\"><sup>39</sup></span><span class=\"s1\">Ar ages of amphibole, muscovite, biotite, and K-feldspar from above and below the d&eacute;collement are ca. 378 Ma, 355 Ma, 360 Ma (above) and 340 (below), and 288 Ma, respectively. Any kilometer-scale vertical movements between dome and nappe rocks were over by ca. 378 Ma. Core and cover rocks of the Waterbury dome record synchronous, post-Acadian cooling.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2010.1206(08)","usgsCitation":"Dietsch, C., Kunk, M.J., Aleinikoff, J., and Sutter, J.F., 2010, The tectono-thermal evolution of the Waterbury dome, western Connecticut, based on U-Pb and <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar ages: GSA Memoirs, v. 206, p. 141-182, https://doi.org/10.1130/2010.1206(08).","productDescription":"42 p.","startPage":"141","endPage":"182","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-012962","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":383283,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -72.8,\n              41.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.8,\n              41.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.25,\n              41.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.25,\n              41.3\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.8,\n              41.3\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"206","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"517a506fe4b072c16ef14b70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dietsch, Craig","contributorId":34738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietsch","given":"Craig","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kunk, Michael J. 0000-0003-4424-7825 mkunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4424-7825","contributorId":200968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunk","given":"Michael","email":"mkunk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aleinikoff, John 0000-0003-3494-6841","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-6841","contributorId":56061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleinikoff","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sutter, John F.","contributorId":81127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutter","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":98791,"text":"sir20105195 - 2010 - Determination of time-of-travel, dispersion characteristics, and oxygen reaeration coefficients during low streamflows--Lower Tacony/Frankford Creek, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-22T18:45:49.76667","indexId":"sir20105195","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5195","title":"Determination of time-of-travel, dispersion characteristics, and oxygen reaeration coefficients during low streamflows--Lower Tacony/Frankford Creek, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"<p>Time-of-travel, dispersion characteristics, and oxygen reaeration coefficients were determined by use of dye and gas tracing for a 2-mile reach of Tacony/Frankford Creek in Philadelphia, southeastern Pennsylvania. The reach frequently has concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO) below the water-quality standard of 4 milligrams per liter during warm months. Several large combined sewer overflows (CSOs), including one of the largest in Philadelphia (former Wingohocking Creek), discharge to the study reach in this urbanized watershed, affecting water quality and the timing and magnitude of storm peaks. In addition, a dam that commonly results in backwater conditions and reduced natural reaeration is present a few hundred feet from the end of the study reach. Time-of-travel and reaeration data were collected under base-flow conditions in August and September 2009 for three sub-reaches from Roosevelt Boulevard (U.S. Route 1) to Castor Avenue.</p><p>Determination of traveltimes to the centroid of the dye cloud were needed for calculation of the reaeration coefficients. Results of the dye study in Tacony/Frankford Creek indicate that traveltimes were affected by the presence of man-made structures, such as the large scour hole and pool developed at the outfall of the T14 CSO and the dam, both of which reduce stream velocities. Mean stream velocities during the dye-tracer tests ranged from a maximum of 0.44 to 0.04 foot per second through a large pool. The dispersion efficiency of the stream was determined from relations between normalized unit concentrations to time to peak for use in water-quality modeling.</p><p>Oxygen reaeration coefficients determined by a constant rate-injection method using propane as the tracer gas were as low as 0.04 unit per hour in a long pool affected by backwater conditions behind a dam. The highest reaeration coefficient was 2.29 units per hour for a steep-gradient reach with multiple winding channels through gravel deposits, just downstream of a large scour pool developed at the outlet of the T14 CSO. Reaeration coefficients determined from the field tracer-gas method were compared to values calculated by two other methods, one that is based on theoretical equations using physical properties of the stream as variables and the other that is based on equations using the timing of measured daily maximum DO concentrations in the stream. Reaeration coefficients from the two alternate methods were most similar to values determined from the field tracer-gas method for the upstream portion of the study reach, characterized by free-flowing riffle and pools. Values of reaeration coefficients determined by the tracer-gas method were 2 to 10 times higher than values determined by 2 alternate methods for most subreaches hydraulically affected by man-made structures.</p><p>In addition to the tracer gas, propane, the gas analysis also included methane, ethane, and ethene, of which only methane was measured in concentrations above a few micrograms per liter. Methane, thought to occur naturally or because of ongoing processes in the stream, was measured in concentrations ranging from 6.6 to 78 micrograms per liter; the concentrations were greatest in sub-reaches dominated by pools.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105195","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Philadelphia, Water Department","usgsCitation":"Senior, L.A., and Gyves, M.C., 2010, Determination of time-of-travel, dispersion characteristics, and oxygen reaeration coefficients during low streamflows--Lower Tacony/Frankford Creek, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5195, 90 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105195.","productDescription":"90 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":428007,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_94348.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":375078,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5195/images/coverthb.gif"},{"id":14201,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5195/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":375075,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5195/pdf/sir2010-5195.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","city":"Philadelphia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.11666666666666,40.03333333333333 ], [ -75.11666666666666,40 ], [ -75.08416666666666,40 ], [ -75.08416666666666,40.03333333333333 ], [ -75.11666666666666,40.03333333333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db6674bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senior, Lisa A. 0000-0003-2629-1996 lasenior@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2629-1996","contributorId":2150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senior","given":"Lisa","email":"lasenior@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gyves, Matthew C. 0000-0001-9361-6493 mgyves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9361-6493","contributorId":4029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gyves","given":"Matthew","email":"mgyves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98792,"text":"sir20105117 - 2010 - Implementation of local grid refinement (LGR) for the Lake Michigan Basin regional groundwater-flow model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:57","indexId":"sir20105117","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5117","title":"Implementation of local grid refinement (LGR) for the Lake Michigan Basin regional groundwater-flow model","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey is evaluating water availability and use within the Great Lakes Basin. This is a pilot effort to develop new techniques and methods to aid in the assessment of water availability. As part of the pilot program, a regional groundwater-flow model for the Lake Michigan Basin was developed using SEAWAT-2000. The regional model was used as a framework for assessing local-scale water availability through grid-refinement techniques. Two grid-refinement techniques, telescopic mesh refinement and local grid refinement, were used to illustrate the capability of the regional model to evaluate local-scale problems. An intermediate model was developed in central Michigan spanning an area of 454 square miles (mi2) using telescopic mesh refinement. Within the intermediate model, a smaller local model covering an area of 21.7 mi2 was developed and simulated using local grid refinement. Recharge was distributed in space and time using a daily output from a modified Thornthwaite-Mather soil-water-balance method. The soil-water-balance method derived recharge estimates from temperature and precipitation data output from an atmosphere-ocean coupled general-circulation model. The particular atmosphere-ocean coupled general-circulation model used, simulated climate change caused by high global greenhouse-gas emissions to the atmosphere. The surface-water network simulated in the regional model was refined and simulated using a streamflow-routing package for MODFLOW. \r\n\r\nThe refined models were used to demonstrate streamflow depletion and potential climate change using five scenarios. The streamflow-depletion scenarios include (1) natural conditions (no pumping), (2) a pumping well near a stream; the well is screened in surficial glacial deposits, (3) a pumping well near a stream; the well is screened in deeper glacial deposits, and (4) a pumping well near a stream; the well is open to a deep bedrock aquifer. Results indicated that a range of 59 to 50 percent of the water pumped originated from the stream for the shallow glacial and deep bedrock pumping scenarios, respectively. The difference in streamflow reduction between the shallow and deep pumping scenarios was compensated for in the deep well by deriving more water from regional sources. The climate-change scenario only simulated natural conditions from 1991-2044, so there was no pumping stress simulated. Streamflows were calculated for the simulated period and indicated that recharge over the period generally increased from the start of the simulation until approximately 2017, and decreased from then to the end of the simulation. Streamflow was highly correlated with recharge so that the lowest streamflows occurred in the later stress periods of the model when recharge was lowest. \r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105117","collaboration":"National Water Availability and Use Pilot Program","usgsCitation":"Hoard, C.J., 2010, Implementation of local grid refinement (LGR) for the Lake Michigan Basin regional groundwater-flow model: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5117, v, 25 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105117.","productDescription":"v, 25 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126036,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5117.jpg"},{"id":14202,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5117/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -93,39 ], [ -93,48 ], [ -81,48 ], [ -81,39 ], [ -93,39 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a2b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoard, C. J.","contributorId":37436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoard","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":98790,"text":"ofr20101236 - 2010 - The potential influence of changing climate on the persistence of salmonids of the inland west","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-07T16:19:38","indexId":"ofr20101236","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1236","title":"The potential influence of changing climate on the persistence of salmonids of the inland west","docAbstract":"<p>The Earth's climate warmed steadily during the 20th century, and mean annual air temperatures are estimated to have increased by 0.6°C (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007). Although many cycles of warming and cooling have occurred in the past, the most recent warming period is unique in its rate and magnitude of change (Siegenthaler and others, 2005) and in its association with anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change , 2007). The climate in the western United States warmed in concert with the global trend but at an accelerated rate (+0.8°C during the 20th century; Saunders and others, 2008). The region could also prove especially sensitive to future changes because the relatively small human population is growing rapidly, as are demands on limited water supplies. </p><p>Regional hydrological patterns are dominated by seasonal snow accumulation at upper elevations. Most of the region is relatively dry, and both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems are strongly constrained b y water availability (Barnett and others, 2008; Brown and others, 2008). Stream environments are dynamic and climatically extreme, and salmonid fishes are the dominant elements of the native biodiversity (McPhail and Lindsey, 1986; Waples and others, 2008). Salmonids have broad economic and ecologic importance, but a century of intensive water resource development, nonnative fish stocking, and land use has significantly reduced many populations and several taxa are now protected under the Endangered Species Act (Thurow and others, 1997; Trotter, 2008). Because salmonids require relatively pristine, cold water environments and are often isolated in headwater habitats, members of this group may be especially vulnerable to the effects of a warming climate (Keleher and Rahel, 1996; Rieman and others, 2007; Williams and others, 2009).&nbsp;</p><p>Warming during the 20th century drove a series of environmental trends that have profound implications for many aspects of salmonid habitat, including disturbance regimes such as wildfire, and unfavorable changes to thermal and hydrologic properties of aquatic systems. Warmer air temperatures have been associated with decreased winter snow accumulations, have accelerated snowmelt, and have&nbsp;advanced the timing of peak runoff by several days to weeks across most of western North America (Stewart and others, 2005; Barnett and others, 2008). Less snow and earlier runoff decrease aquifer recharge, make less water available for groundwater inputs to streams, and are contributing to widespread decreases in summer low flows (Stewart and others, 2005; Rood and others, 2008; Luce and Holden 2009). Interannual variability in stream flow is increasing, as is the persistence of multi-year extreme conditions (McCabe and others, 2004; Pagano and Garen 2005). In many areas of western North America, flood risks have increased in association with warmer temperatures during the 20th century (Hamlet and Lettenmaier, 2005). Streams where midwinter temperatures are near freezing have proven especially sensitive to increased flooding because of associated transitional hydrological patterns (mixtures of rainfall and snowmelt) and propensity for occasional rain-on-snow events to rapidly melt winter snowpack and generate large floods (Hamlet and Lettenmaier, 2005).&nbsp;</p><p>Stream temperatures in many areas are increasing (Peterson and Kitchell, 2001; Morrison and others, 2002; Bartholow, 2005; Kaushal and others, 2010), due to both air temperature increases and reduced summer flows that make streams more sensitive to warmer air temperatures (Isaak and others, 2010). In recent decades, wildfires have become more common across much of the western United States during periods of more frequent droughts (Westerling and others, 2006; Hoerling and Eischeid, 2007), and local stream temperature can increase in postfire environments (Gresswell, 1999; Dunham and others, 2007). Fire-related temperature increase within streams is commonly a transient phenomenon, lasting only until riparian vegetation has recovered (Gresswell, 1999); however, ongoing climate change could preclude recovery to higher stature, prefire vegetation types in some areas (McKenzie and others, 2004; van Mantgem and Stephenson, 2007), resulting in a loss of critical riparian shading. Additionally, when wildfires occur in steep mountain topographies, the vegetation that stabilize s soils on hillslopes is often killed and landslides become more prevalent (Gresswell, 1999). Landslides int o stream channels form debris flows composed of sediment slurries and dead trees that can scour channels to bedrock and further exacerbate stream heating, delay recovery of riparian areas, or extirpate fish populations (Gresswell, 1999; May and Gresswell, 2003; Dunham and others, 2007).&nbsp;</p><p>Changes in stream environments will shift habitat distributions, sometimes unpredictably, in both time and space for many salmonid fishes. Water temperature fundamentally influences aquatic ecosystem health because distribution, reproduction, fitness, and survival of ectothermic organisms are inextricably linked to the thermal regime of the environment. Historically, research has focused on defining lethal thermal limits of salmonids (Eaton and others, 1995; Selong and others, 2001; Todd and others, 2008); however, water temperature is known to be important in biological processes at a variety of spatial scales and levels of biological organization (Rahel and Olden, 2008; McCullough and others, 2009). For instance, trout are affected directly by water temperature through feeding, metabolism, and growth rates, and indirectly by factors such as prey availability and species interactions (Wehrly and others, 2007; Rahel and Olden, 2008). Where cold water temperatures currently limit habitat suitability and distributions of some species (for example, at the highest and most northerly distributional extents; Nakano and others, 1996; Coleman and Fausch, 2007), a warming climate may gradually increase the quality and extent of suitable habitat. Over time, previously constrained populations are expected to expand into these new habitats and increase in number. Some evidence suggests this may already be happening in Alaska, where streams in recently deglaciated areas are being colonized by emigrants from nearby salmon and char populations (Milner and others, 2000).&nbsp;</p><p>Unfortunately, many of the sensitive salmonid species that are often the focus of western managers are unlikely to benefit from future water temperature increases. Warmer stream temperatures will facilitate invasion by nonnative species that are broadly established in downstream areas into upstream areas where they will compete with native species (Rieman and others, 2006; Rahel and&nbsp;Olden, 2008; Fausch and others, 2009). In other cases, warmer stream temperatures will render thermally suitable habitats unsuitable in downstream areas and effect net losses of habitat because upstream distributions are often constrained by streams that are too small or steep (Hari and others, 2006; Isaak and others, 2010). Both scenarios are realistic for fish species like bull trout (<i>Salvelinus confluentus</i>) (Rieman and others, 2006; Rieman and others, 2007), the various subspecies of cutthroat trout (<i>Oncorhynchus clarkii</i>) (Williams and others, 2009), Gila trout (<i>Oncorhynchus gilae gilae</i>) (Kennedy and others, 2008), and Apache trout (<i>Oncorhynchus gilae apache</i>) (Rinne and Minckley, 1985; Carmichael and others, 1993). As native species are increasingly confined to smaller and more isolated habitats by a gradually warming climate, the effects of wildfires (whether related to lethal changes in water quality during a fire, channel debris flows, or chronic postfire warming ) could have greater proportional effects on remaining habitats (for example, Brown and others, 2001; Rieman and others, 2007). If these changes were accompanied by additional hydrologic alterations associated with changes to the magnitude, frequency, duration, timing, and rate of change of discharge patterns (Jager and others, 1999; Henderson and others, 2000), populations may begin to lose some of their historic resilience and become ever more susceptible to local extirpations.&nbsp;</p><p>As dramatic and extensive as climatic and environmental trends are for salmonid habitats, global climate models (GCMs) project that many of these trends will continue and even accelerate until at least the middle of the 21st century (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007). Current projections suggest mean annual air temperatures will increase by an additional 1–3°C, and early indications are that climate trajectory is at the higher end of this range (Pittock, 2006; Raupach and others, 2007). Although predicted changes vary considerably, even the most conservative estimates suggest a warming rate that will be twice that observed during the 20th century. Projections for the midcentury are most certainly due to the effects of greenhouse gases already emitted or predicted in the short term, uncertainties of the effects of longer-term greenhouse gas emissions, short-term climate cycles, and process errors associated with climate models (Cox and Stephenson, 2007). Projections of changes in total precipitation are less certain than those for air temperatures, but most GCMs project relatively small changes in the Northwest, with the exception of slightly drier summer periods (Mote and others, 2008; Karl and others, 2009). In the Southwest, however, significant decreases (such as 15–30 percent ) are projected during most periods of the year, and this area is one of the few for which Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007) precipitation projections have a high level of certainty (Hoerling and Eischeid, 2007; Karl and others, 2009). Clearly, managers of native salmonids in the wester n United States should consider adjusting management strategies to accommodate a warmer and possibly drier future (Williams and others, 2009). Tools are needed to forecast where important changes may occur and how conservation efforts should be prioritized. In this Open-File Report, we document our initial efforts in this regard for 10 species and subspecies of inland trout and Montana Arctic grayling (<i>Thymallus arcticus</i>) across the western United States.&nbsp;</p><p><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101236","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Trout Unlimited and the U.S. Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Haak, A., Williams, J., Isaak, D., Todd, A., Muhlfeld, C., Kershner, J.L., Gresswell, R., Hostetler, S.W., and Neville, H., 2010, The potential influence of changing climate on the persistence of salmonids of the inland west: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1236, vi, 74 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101236.","productDescription":"vi, 74 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":14200,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1236/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":126034,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1236.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.0703125,\n              49.06666839558117\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.6533203125,\n              49.35375571830993\n            ],\n            [\n  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A.","contributorId":15962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Muhlfeld, C.C.","contributorId":97850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhlfeld","given":"C.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kershner, J. L.","contributorId":100322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kershner","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gresswell, R. E.","contributorId":38084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gresswell","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hostetler, S. W. 0000-0003-2272-8302","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-8302","contributorId":42911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostetler","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Neville, H.M.","contributorId":79836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neville","given":"H.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":98788,"text":"sir20105051 - 2010 - Evaluation of aquatic biota in relation to environmental characteristics measured at multiple scales in agricultural streams of the Midwest: 1993-2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-14T21:37:08.59735","indexId":"sir20105051","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5051","title":"Evaluation of aquatic biota in relation to environmental characteristics measured at multiple scales in agricultural streams of the Midwest: 1993-2004","docAbstract":"This study evaluated the relations between algal, invertebrate, and fish assemblages and physical environmental characteristics of streams at the reach, segment, and watershed scale in agricultural settings in the Midwest. The 86 stream sites selected for study were in predominantly agricultural watersheds sampled as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program. Species abundance and over 130 biological metrics were used to determine which aspects of the assemblages were most sensitive to change at the three spatial scales. Digital orthophotograph-based riparian land use/land cover was used for analyses of riparian conditions at the reach and segment scales. The percentage area of different land-use/land-cover types was also determined for each watershed. Out of over 230 environmental characteristics examined, those that best explained variation in the biotic assemblages at each spatial scale include the following: 1) reach: bank vegetative cover, fine silty substrate, and open canopy angle; 2) segment: woody vegetation and cropland in the 250-m riparian buffer, and average length of undisturbed buffer; and 3) watershed: land use/land cover (both total forested and row crop), low-permeability soils, slope, drainage area, and latitude. All three biological assemblages, especially fish, correlated more with land use/land cover and other physical characteristics at the watershed scale than at the reach or segment scales. This study identifies biotic measures that can be used to evaluate potential improvements resulting from agricultural best-management practices and other conservation efforts, as well as evaluate potential impairment from urban development or other disturbances.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105051","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Hambrook Berkman, J.A., Scudder, B.C., Lutz, M., and Harris, M.A., 2010, Evaluation of aquatic biota in relation to environmental characteristics measured at multiple scales in agricultural streams of the Midwest: 1993-2004: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5051, vii, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105051.","productDescription":"vii, 24 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":430245,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_94347.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":14198,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5051/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":126032,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5051.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Midwest","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100,38.5 ], [ -100,49 ], [ -78.5,49 ], [ -78.5,38.5 ], [ -100,38.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67eaf5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hambrook Berkman, Julie A.","contributorId":30176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hambrook Berkman","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scudder, Barbara C.","contributorId":100319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scudder","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lutz, Michelle A.","contributorId":32862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lutz","given":"Michelle A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harris, Mitchell A. maharris@usgs.gov","contributorId":1382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Mitchell","email":"maharris@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":306475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":98789,"text":"sir20105149 - 2010 - Simulation of groundwater flow and effects of groundwater irrigation on stream base flow in the Elkhorn and Loup River basins, Nebraska, 1895-2055: Phase Two","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-14T21:55:41.557134","indexId":"sir20105149","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5149","title":"Simulation of groundwater flow and effects of groundwater irrigation on stream base flow in the Elkhorn and Loup River basins, Nebraska, 1895-2055: Phase Two","docAbstract":"Regional groundwater-flow simulations for a 30,000-square-mile area of the High Plains aquifer, referred to collectively as the Elkhorn-Loup Model, were developed to predict the effects of groundwater irrigation on stream base flow in the Elkhorn and Loup River Basins, Nebraska. Simulations described the stream-aquifer system from predevelopment through 2005 [including predevelopment (pre-1895), early development (1895-1940), and historical development (1940 through 2005) conditions] and future hypothetical development conditions (2006 through 2033 or 2055). Predicted changes to stream base flow that resulted from simulated changes to groundwater irrigation will aid development of long-term strategies for management of hydrologically connected water supplies.\r\n\r\nThe predevelopment through 2005 simulation was calibrated using an automated parameter-estimation method to optimize the fit to pre-1940 groundwater levels and base flows, 1945 through 2005 decadal groundwater-level changes, and 1940 through 2005 base flows. The calibration results of the pre-1940 period indicated that 81 percent of the simulated groundwater levels were within 30 feet of the measured water levels. The results did not indicate large areas of simulated groundwater levels that were biased too high or too low, indicating that the simulation generally captures the regional trends. Calibration results using 1945 through 2005 decadal groundwater-level changes indicated that a majority of the simulated groundwater-level changes were within 5 feet of the changes calculated from measured groundwater levels. Simulated groundwater-level rises generally were smaller than measured rises near surface-water irrigation districts. Simulated groundwater-level declines were larger than measured declines in several parts of the study area having large amounts of irrigated crops. Base-flow trends and volumes generally were reproduced by the simulation at most sites. Exceptions include downward trends of simulated base flow from the 1970s to the end of the calibration period for the Elkhorn River at Norfolk, Beaver Creek at Genoa, and Cedar River near Fullerton.\r\n\r\nEffects of groundwater irrigation on stream base flow were predicted using several methods: (1) simulated base-flow depletion was mapped to represent the percentage of water pumped from a hypothetical well during 2006 through 2055 that corresponds to base-flow depletions at the end of that 50-year period; (2) the groundwater-flow simulation predicted changes in stream base flow that result from modifying the number of irrigated acres in a 25-year period (2009 through 2033); and (3) a simulation-optimization model determined the minimum reduction of groundwater pumpage that would be necessary in the Elkhorn River Basin in a 25-year period (2009 through 2033) to comply with various hypothetical base-flow requirements for the Elkhorn River. The results are not intended to determine specific management plans that must be adopted, but rather to improve the understanding of how base flow is affected by irrigation.\r\n\r\nA 50-year simulation (2006-55) indicated that depletions of less than 10 percent of pumpage mainly occur in areas that are about 10 miles or farther from the Elkhorn and Loup Rivers and their tributaries.\r\n\r\nThe calibrated simulation was used to predict the 25-year effect on base flow of a 10 percent decrease in irrigated acres and the effect of increasing acres at the presently (2010) allowed rate. Hypothesized changes to irrigated acres were applied only to areas where mapped base-flow depletions were at least 10 percent of pumpage. The effect of changes in irrigated acres includes the combined effects of changes to pumpage and additional recharge from irrigated acres. When irrigated acres were decreased by 10 percent within selected areas of four Natural Resources Districts (a total reduction of about 120,000 acres and a 5 percent reduction in irrigation pumpage), simulated base flow was predicted to inc","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105149","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Lewis and Clark, Lower Elkhorn, Lower Loup, Lower Platte North, Lower Niobrara, Middle Niobrara, Upper Elkhorn, and Upper Loup Natural Resources Districts","usgsCitation":"Stanton, J.S., Peterson, S.M., and Fienen, M., 2010, Simulation of groundwater flow and effects of groundwater irrigation on stream base flow in the Elkhorn and Loup River basins, Nebraska, 1895-2055: Phase Two: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5149, ix, 78 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105149.","productDescription":"ix, 78 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126033,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5149.jpg"},{"id":14199,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5149/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":410507,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_94342.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic","country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Elkhorn and Loup River basins","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -102.2,\n              40\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.2,\n              43\n            ],\n            [\n              -97,\n              43\n            ],\n            [\n              -97,\n              40\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.2,\n              40\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4991e4b07f02db5b3cbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stanton, Jennifer S. 0000-0002-2520-753X jstanton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2520-753X","contributorId":830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"Jennifer","email":"jstanton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, Steven M. 0000-0002-9130-1284 speterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9130-1284","contributorId":847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Steven","email":"speterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fienen, Michael N. 0000-0002-7756-4651 mnfienen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-4651","contributorId":893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fienen","given":"Michael N.","email":"mnfienen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":306481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":98782,"text":"ds534 - 2010 - Groundwater-quality data for the Sierra Nevada study unit, 2008: Results from the California GAMA program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-19T20:21:45.820456","indexId":"ds534","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"534","title":"Groundwater-quality data for the Sierra Nevada study unit, 2008: Results from the California GAMA program","docAbstract":"<p>Groundwater quality in the approximately 25,500-square-mile Sierra Nevada study unit was investigated in June through October 2008, as part of the Priority Basin Project of the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. The GAMA Priority Basin Project is being conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB). The Sierra Nevada study was designed to provide statistically robust assessments of untreated groundwater quality within the primary aquifer systems in the study unit, and to facilitate statistically consistent comparisons of groundwater quality throughout California. The primary aquifer systems (hereinafter, primary aquifers) are defined by the depth of the screened or open intervals of the wells listed in the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) database of wells used for public and community drinking-water supplies. The quality of groundwater in shallower or deeper water-bearing zones may differ from that in the primary aquifers; shallow groundwater may be more vulnerable to contamination from the surface.</p><p>In the Sierra Nevada study unit, groundwater samples were collected from 84 wells (and springs) in Lassen, Plumas, Butte, Sierra, Yuba, Nevada, Placer, El Dorado, Amador, Alpine, Calaveras, Tuolumne, Madera, Mariposa, Fresno, Inyo, Tulare, and Kern Counties. The wells were selected on two overlapping networks by using a spatially-distributed, randomized, grid-based approach. The primary grid-well network consisted of 30 wells, one well per grid cell in the study unit, and was designed to provide statistical representation of groundwater quality throughout the entire study unit. The lithologic grid-well network is a secondary grid that consisted of the wells in the primary grid-well network plus 53 additional wells and was designed to provide statistical representation of groundwater quality in each of the four major lithologic units in the Sierra Nevada study unit: granitic, metamorphic, sedimentary, and volcanic rocks. One natural spring that is not used for drinking water was sampled for comparison with a nearby primary grid well in the same cell.</p><p>Groundwater samples were analyzed for organic constituents (volatile organic compounds [VOC], pesticides and pesticide degradates, and pharmaceutical compounds), constituents of special interest (N-nitrosodimethylamine [NDMA] and perchlorate), naturally occurring inorganic constituents (nutrients, major ions, total dissolved solids, and trace elements), and radioactive constituents (radium isotopes, radon-222, gross alpha and gross beta particle activities, and uranium isotopes). Naturally occurring isotopes and geochemical tracers (stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen in water, stable isotopes of carbon, carbon-14, strontium isotopes, and tritium), and dissolved noble gases also were measured to help identify the sources and ages of the sampled groundwater.</p><p>Three types of quality-control samples (blanks, replicates, and samples for matrix spikes) each were collected at approximately 10 percent of the wells sampled for each analysis, and the results for these samples were used to evaluate the quality of the data for the groundwater samples. Field blanks rarely contained detectable concentrations of any constituent, suggesting that contamination from sample collection, handling, and analytical procedures was not a significant source of bias in the data for the groundwater samples. Differences between replicate samples were within acceptable ranges, with few exceptions. Matrix-spike recoveries were within acceptable ranges for most compounds.</p><p>This study did not attempt to evaluate the quality of water delivered to consumers; after withdrawal from the ground, groundwater typically is treated, disinfected, or blended with other waters to maintain water quality. Regulatory benchmarks apply to finished drinking water that is served to the consumer, not to untreated groundwater. However, to provide some context for the results, concentrations of constituents measured in the groundwater were compared with regulatory and nonregulatory health-based benchmarks established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and CDPH and with nonregulatory aesthetic and technical benchmarks established by CDPH. Comparisons between data collected for this study and drinking-water benchmarks are for illustrative purposes only and do not indicate compliance or noncompliance with regulatory benchmarks.</p><p>All organic constituents and most inorganic constituents that were detected in groundwater samples from the 30 primary grid wells in the Sierra Nevada study unit were detected at concentrations less than drinking-water benchmarks.</p><p>Of the 150 organic and special-interest constituents analyzed, 21 were detected in groundwater samples; all concentrations were less than regulatory and nonregulatory health-based benchmarks, and most were less than 1/10th of benchmark levels. One or more organic constituents were detected in 37 percent of the primary grid wells, and perchlorate was detected in 27 percent of the primary grid wells.</p><p>Most samples analyzed for inorganic and radioactive constituents had concentrations or activities less than regulatory and nonregulatory health-based benchmarks. Nutrients were not detected at concentrations greater than health-based benchmarks. Six of the 30 primary grid wells (20 percent) and 7 of the 53 lithologic grid wells had concentrations of or activities for one or two constituents that were greater than the benchmarks. Constituents present in one or more samples at concentrations or activities greater than health-based benchmarks were arsenic (5 wells, MCL-US), gross alpha particle activity (4 wells, MCL-US), boron (2 wells, NL-CA), fluoride (1 well, MCL-CA), and selenium (1 well, MCL-US). Two of the wells that had high gross alpha particle activities had uranium concentrations (MCL-CA) and uranium activities (MCL-CA) greater than the benchmark levels. Four of the 29 samples analyzed had activities of radon-222 greater than the proposed alternative MCL-US.</p><p>Most samples analyzed for inorganic constituents that had nonregulatory, aesthetic-based benchmarks (SMCLs) had concentrations less than these benchmarks. Total dissolved solids concentrations were less than the upper SMCL-CA in all 83 primary and lithologic grid well samples, and TDS concentrations were less than the recommended SMCL-CA in 79 of these samples. Manganese concentrations were greater than the SMCL-CA in 2 of the 30 primary grid wells (7 percent) and in 6 of the 53 lithologic grid wells, and iron concentrations were greater than the SMCL-CA in the same 2 primary grid wells and in 5 of the same lithologic grid wells.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds534","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Shelton, J.L., Fram, M.S., Munday, C.M., and Belitz, K., 2010, Groundwater-quality data for the Sierra Nevada study unit, 2008: Results from the California GAMA program: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 534, ix, 82 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds534.","productDescription":"ix, 82 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2008-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126102,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_534.jpg"},{"id":404074,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_94351.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":14192,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/534/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"projection":"Albers Equal Area Conic Projection","country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada study unit","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.7333,\n              34.7756\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.9167,\n              34.7756\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.9167,\n              40.4297\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.7333,\n              40.4297\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.7333,\n              34.7756\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a94e4b07f02db658ff9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shelton, Jennifer L. 0000-0001-8508-0270 jshelton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8508-0270","contributorId":1155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelton","given":"Jennifer","email":"jshelton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fram, Miranda S. 0000-0002-6337-059X mfram@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6337-059X","contributorId":1156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fram","given":"Miranda","email":"mfram@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Munday, Cathy M. cmunday@usgs.gov","contributorId":3173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munday","given":"Cathy","email":"cmunday@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":306458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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