{"pageNumber":"1884","pageRowStart":"47075","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184982,"records":[{"id":98980,"text":"ofr20101311 - 2010 - Audio-magnetotelluric survey to characterize the Sunnyside porphyry copper system in the Patagonia Mountains, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:45","indexId":"ofr20101311","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1311","title":"Audio-magnetotelluric survey to characterize the Sunnyside porphyry copper system in the Patagonia Mountains, Arizona","docAbstract":"The Sunnyside porphyry copper system is part of the concealed San Rafael Valley porphyry system located in the Patagonia Mountains of Arizona. The U.S. Geological Survey is conducting a series of multidisciplinary studies as part of the Assessment Techniques for Concealed Mineral Resources project. To help characterize the size, resistivity, and skin depth of the polarizable mineral deposit concealed beneath thick overburden, a regional east-west audio-magnetotelluric sounding profile was acquired. The purpose of this report is to release the audio-magnetotelluric sounding data collected along that east-west profile. No interpretation of the data is included.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101311","usgsCitation":"Sampson, J.A., and Rodriguez, B.D., 2010, Audio-magnetotelluric survey to characterize the Sunnyside porphyry copper system in the Patagonia Mountains, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1311, iii, 57 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101311.","productDescription":"iii, 57 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116633,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1311.bmp"},{"id":14414,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1311/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db66818d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sampson, Jay A.","contributorId":13939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sampson","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodriguez, Brian D. 0000-0002-2263-611X brod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2263-611X","contributorId":836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Brian","email":"brod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70003461,"text":"70003461 - 2010 - Intraperitoneal injections as a possible means of generating varied levels of methylmercury in the eggs of birds in field studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-18T10:28:25","indexId":"70003461","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-03T12:11:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intraperitoneal injections as a possible means of generating varied levels of methylmercury in the eggs of birds in field studies","docAbstract":"The ideal study of the effects of methylmercury on the reproductive success of a species of bird would be one in which eggs contained mercury concentrations ranging from controls to very heavily contaminated, all at the same site. Such a study cannot be realized at a mercury contaminated area or under laboratory conditions, but could be achieved by introducing methylmercury into breeding females and allowing them to deposit mercury in their eggs. Female mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) were intraperitoneally injected with solutions of methylmercury chloride dissolved in corn oil, propylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide, mineral oil, Olestra, Crisco, lard, hard paraffin, and a combination of hard and soft paraffin. In some cases, egg laying was delayed, either due to the solvent itself (in the case of Olestra, Crisco, and lard) or to the highest concentration of methylmercury chloride (500 μg/g) in some of the solvents. Mercury in eggs ranged from a control level (< 0.1 μg/g) to approximately 14 μg/g on a wet weight basis, which more than covers the range of concentrations reported in wild bird eggs. Mercury concentrations in a series of eggs from the same female declined mostly due to excretion of mercury in prior eggs and not because of the length of time since the injection. Intraperitoneal injections hold promise in field studies where one would like to study the reproductive effects of a wide range of methylmercury levels in the eggs of a wild bird and under the natural conditions that exist in the field.","language":"English","publisher":"SETAC","doi":"10.1002/etc.128","usgsCitation":"Heinz, G., Hoffman, D.J., Klimstra, J.D., and Stebbins, K.R., 2010, Intraperitoneal injections as a possible means of generating varied levels of methylmercury in the eggs of birds in field studies: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 29, no. 5, p. 1079-1083, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.128.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1079","endPage":"1083","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204508,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"29","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-01-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49c2e4b07f02db5d3ebd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heinz, Gary gheinz@usgs.gov","contributorId":3049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinz","given":"Gary","email":"gheinz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoffman, David J.","contributorId":86075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":347365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klimstra, Jon D.","contributorId":6985,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klimstra","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":347363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stebbins, Katherine R.","contributorId":94012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stebbins","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":9000524,"text":"sir20105190 - 2010 - Preliminary Assessment of the Hydrogeology and Groundwater Availability in the Metamorphic and Siliciclastic Fractured-Rock Aquifer Systems of Warren County, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:13","indexId":"sir20105190","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5190","title":"Preliminary Assessment of the Hydrogeology and Groundwater Availability in the Metamorphic and Siliciclastic Fractured-Rock Aquifer Systems of Warren County, Virginia","docAbstract":"Expanding development and the prolonged drought from 1999 to 2002 drew attention to the quantity and sustainability of the groundwater resources in Warren County, Virginia. The groundwater flow systems of the county are complex and are controlled by the extremely folded and faulted geology that underlies the county. A study was conducted between May 2002 and October 2008 by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Warren County, Virginia, to describe the hydrogeology of the metamorphic and siliciclastic fractured-rock aquifers and groundwater availability in the county and to establish a long-term water monitoring network. The study area encompasses approximately 170 square miles and includes the metamorphic rocks of the Blue Ridge Physiographic Province and siliciclastic rocks of the Great Valley section of the Valley and Ridge Physiographic Province. Well depths tend to be shallowest in the siliciclastic rock unit (predominantly in the Martinsburg Formation) where 75 percent of the wells are less than 200 feet deep. Median depths to bedrock are generally less than 40 feet across the county and vary in response to the presence of surficial deposits, faults, siliciclastic rock type, and topographic setting. Water-bearing zones are generally within 200 feet of land surface; median depths, however, are slightly deeper for the hydrogeologic units of the Blue Ridge Province than for those of the Great Valley section of the county. Median well yields for the different rock units generally range from 10 to 20 gallons per minute. High-yielding wells tend to cluster along faults, along the eastern contact of the Martinsburg Formation, and within potential lineament zones. Specific capacity is relatively low and ranges from 0.003 to 1.43 gallons per minute per foot with median values from 0.12 to 0.24 gallon per minute per foot. Transmissivity values derived from specific capacity data range over four orders of magnitude from 0.6 to 380 feet squared per day. Estimates of effective groundwater recharge from 2001 to 2007 ranged from 2.4 to 29.4 inches per year in the Gooney Run, Manassas Run, and Crooked Run Basins, with averages of 15.3, 14.2, and 5.3 inches per year, respectively. Base flow accounted for between 57 and 86 percent of mean streamflow in the Gooney Run and Manassas Run Basins and averaged about 70 percent in these Blue Ridge Province basins. In the siliciclastic rock-dominated Crooked Run Basin of the Great Valley, base flow accounted for between 33 and 65 percent of mean streamflow and averaged about 54 percent. The high base-flow index values (percentage of streamflow from base flow) in these basins indicate that groundwater is the dominant source of streamflow during wet and drought conditions. About 50 percent of the precipitation that fell on the Blue Ridge basins from 2001 to 2007 was removed by evapotranspiration, and between 33 and 36 percent of the precipitation reached the water table as effective recharge. Nearly 76 percent of the precipitation was removed by evapotranspiration in the Crooked Run Basin, and effective recharge averaged about 12 percent of precipitation between 2001 and 2007. Average values of runoff in all three basins were less than 15 percent of precipitation. Groundwater flow systems in the county are extremely vulnerable to current climatic conditions. Successive years of below-average effective recharge cause declines in water levels, spring discharges, and streamflows. However, these systems can recover quickly because effective recharge increases with increasing precipitation. Lack of precipitation, especially snow, during the critical recharge period (January-April) can have an effect on the amount of recharge to the groundwater system and eventual stream base flow. Estimated values of annual mean base flow have approached and have been below the average regression-derived recharge rates during a period classified as having above-average precipitation. This relation is indicative ","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20105190","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Warren County, Virginia\r\n","usgsCitation":"Nelms, D.L., and Moberg, R.M., 2010, Preliminary Assessment of the Hydrogeology and Groundwater Availability in the Metamorphic and Siliciclastic Fractured-Rock Aquifer Systems of Warren County, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5190, x, 74 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105190.","productDescription":"x, 74 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116260,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5190.bmp"},{"id":19183,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5190/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fbea1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelms, David L. 0000-0001-5747-642X dlnelms@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5747-642X","contributorId":1892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelms","given":"David","email":"dlnelms@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moberg, Roger M. rmmoberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":3655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moberg","given":"Roger","email":"rmmoberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":344206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70040460,"text":"70040460 - 2010 - Local sensitivity analysis for inverse problems solved by singular value decomposition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-04T16:07:51","indexId":"70040460","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T16:03:41","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Local sensitivity analysis for inverse problems solved by singular value decomposition","docAbstract":"Local sensitivity analysis provides computationally frugal ways to evaluate models commonly used for resource management, risk assessment, and so on. This includes diagnosing inverse model convergence problems caused by parameter insensitivity and(or) parameter interdependence (correlation), understanding what aspects of the model and data contribute to measures of uncertainty, and identifying new data likely to reduce model uncertainty. Here, we consider sensitivity statistics relevant to models in which the process model parameters are transformed using singular value decomposition (SVD) to create SVD parameters for model calibration. The statistics considered include the PEST identifiability statistic, and combined use of the process-model parameter statistics composite scaled sensitivities and parameter correlation coefficients (CSS and PCC). The statistics are complimentary in that the identifiability statistic integrates the effects of parameter sensitivity and interdependence, while CSS and PCC provide individual measures of sensitivity and interdependence. PCC quantifies correlations between pairs or larger sets of parameters; when a set of parameters is intercorrelated, the absolute value of PCC is close to 1.00 for all pairs in the set. The number of singular vectors to include in the calculation of the identifiability statistic is somewhat subjective and influences the statistic. To demonstrate the statistics, we use the USDA’s Root Zone Water Quality Model to simulate nitrogen fate and transport in the unsaturated zone of the Merced River Basin, CA. There are 16 log-transformed process-model parameters, including water content at field capacity (WFC) and bulk density (BD) for each of five soil layers. Calibration data consisted of 1,670 observations comprising soil moisture, soil water tension, aqueous nitrate and bromide concentrations, soil nitrate concentration, and organic matter content. All 16 of the SVD parameters could be estimated by regression based on the range of singular values. Identifiability statistic results varied based on the number of SVD parameters included. Identifiability statistics calculated for four SVD parameters indicate the same three most important process-model parameters as CSS/PCC (WFC1, WFC2, and BD2), but the order differed. Additionally, the identifiability statistic showed that BD1 was almost as dominant as WFC1. The CSS/PCC analysis showed that this results from its high correlation with WCF1 (-0.94), and not its individual sensitivity. Such distinctions, combined with analysis of how high correlations and(or) sensitivities result from the constructed model, can produce important insights into, for example, the use of sensitivity analysis to design monitoring networks. In conclusion, the statistics considered identified similar important parameters. They differ because (1) with CSS/PCC can be more awkward because sensitivity and interdependence are considered separately and (2) identifiability requires consideration of how many SVD parameters to include. A continuing challenge is to understand how these computationally efficient methods compare with computationally demanding global methods like Markov-Chain Monte Carlo given common nonlinear processes and the often even more nonlinear models.","largerWorkTitle":"American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2010","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","usgsCitation":"Hill, M.C., and Nolan, B.T., 2010, Local sensitivity analysis for inverse problems solved by singular value decomposition.","ipdsId":"IP-037059","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":283359,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010AGUFM.H11E0857H"},{"id":283360,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd64d6e4b0b290850ffb77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, M. C.","contributorId":48993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nolan, B. T.","contributorId":21565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nolan","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":468378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70056568,"text":"70056568 - 2010 - Sediment transport on Cape Sable, Everglades National Park, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-27T14:15:40","indexId":"70056568","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T14:04:56","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Sediment transport on Cape Sable, Everglades National Park, Florida","docAbstract":"The Cape Sable peninsula is located on the southwestern tip of the Florida peninsula within Everglades National Park (ENP). Lake Ingraham, the largest lake within Cape Sable, is now connected to the Gulf of Mexico and western Florida Bay by canals built in the early 1920's. Some of these canals breached a natural marl ridge located to the north of Lake Ingraham. These connections altered the landscape of this area allowing for the transport of sediments to and from Lake Ingraham. Saline intrusion into the formerly fresh interior marsh has impacted the local ecology. Earthen dams installed in the 1950's and 1960's in canals that breached the marl ridge have repeatedly failed. Sheet pile dams installed in the early 1990's subsequently failed resulting in the continued alteration of Lake Ingraham and the interior marsh. The Cape Sable Canals Dam Restoration Project, funded by ENP, proposes to restore the two failed dams in Lake Ingraham. The objective of this study was to collect discharge and water quality data over a series of tidal cycles and flow conditions to establish discharge and sediment surrogate relations prior to initiating the Cape Sable Canals Dam Restoration Project. A dry season synoptic sampling event was performed on April 27-30, 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Joint Federal Interagency Conference 2010: Hydrology and Sedimentation for a Changing Future: Existing and Emerging Issues: Las Vegas, NV, June 27-July 1, 2010","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Joint Federal Interagency Conference","usgsCitation":"Zucker, M., and Boudreau, C., 2010, Sediment transport on Cape Sable, Everglades National Park, Florida, in Proceedings of the Joint Federal Interagency Conference 2010: Hydrology and Sedimentation for a Changing Future: Existing and Emerging Issues: Las Vegas, NV, June 27-July 1, 2010, 12 p.","productDescription":"12 p.","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-018872","costCenters":[{"id":286,"text":"Florida Water Science Center-Ft. Lauderdale","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287614,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287613,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://acwi.gov/sos/pubs/2ndJFIC/Contents/5C_Boudreau_02_25_10_paper.pdf"},{"id":279259,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://acwi.gov/sos/pubs/2ndJFIC/index.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Cape Sable;Everglades National Park;Lake Ingraham","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.179831,25.102647 ], [ -81.179831,25.200074 ], [ -81.024649,25.200074 ], [ -81.024649,25.102647 ], [ -81.179831,25.102647 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5385b400e4b09e18fc023aa0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zucker, Mark mzucker@usgs.gov","contributorId":2096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zucker","given":"Mark","email":"mzucker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":486606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boudreau, Carrie","contributorId":90219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boudreau","given":"Carrie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70101856,"text":"70101856 - 2010 - Epizootic of beak deformities among wild birds in Alaska: An emerging disease in North America?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T18:15:05","indexId":"70101856","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T13:20:12","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Epizootic of beak deformities among wild birds in Alaska: An emerging disease in North America?","docAbstract":"

The sudden appearance of a large cluster of animals with gross abnormalities may signal a significant change in an ecosystem. We describe an unusual concentration of beak deformities that appear to have arisen rapidly within Alaska and now extend southward along the Pacific Coast. In Alaska we have documented 2,160 Black-capped Chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) and 435 individuals of 29 other species of birds, primarily during the past decade, with grossly overgrown and often crossed beaks. The annual prevalence of beak abnormalities among adult Black-capped Chickadees in south-central Alaska varied from 3.6% to 9.7% and averaged 6.5 ± 0.5% between 1999 and 2008. Only 0.05 ± 0.05% of nestlings and 0.3 ± 0.2% of juveniles <6 months old had abnormal beaks, which suggests that this is either a latent developmental or an acquired condition. We documented 80 cases in which a Black-capped Chickadee captured with an apparently normal beak was subsequently recaptured with a beak abnormality and 8 cases in which a beak deformity was no longer detectable upon recapture. Necropsy and histopathology of a sample of affected individuals provided no conclusive evidence of the etiology of this condition. Deformities appear to affect primarily the keratin layer of the beak and may result from abnormally rapid growth of the rhamphotheca. Some affected birds also exhibited lesions in other keratinized tissues of the skin, legs, feet, claws, and feathers, which may represent a systemic disorder or secondary conditions. Additional studies are currently underway to determine diagnostic signs and the underlying cause of this avian keratin disorder.

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dmulcahy@usgs.gov","contributorId":3102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulcahy","given":"Daniel","email":"dmulcahy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Meteyer, Carol U. 0000-0002-4007-3410 cmeteyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4007-3410","contributorId":111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meteyer","given":"Carol","email":"cmeteyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Trust, Kimberly A.","contributorId":42503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trust","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife 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Groundwater is protected in most areas as it is a primary source of drinking water. In the United States, 50% of the population relies on groundwater supplies (Reilly et al., 2008). Groundwater sampling in the United States became commonplace in the 20th century as contaminated water resources became apparent and a growing public concern emerged to protect water resources. In response to this concern, the U.S. government mandated a study in which scientists identified six categories of groundwater contaminant sources (OTA, 1984): Category 1-sources designed to discharge substances (e.g., injection well) Category 2-sources designed to store, treat, and/or dispose of substances; discharge through unplanned release (e.g., landfills) Category 3-sources designed to retain substances during transport or trans-mission (e.g., pipelines) Category 4-sources discharging as consequence of other planned activities (e.g., pesticide application) Category 5-sources providing conduit or inducing discharge through altered flow patterns (e.g., construction excavation) Category 6-naturally occurring sources whose discharge is created and/or exacerbated by human activity (e.g., salt water intrusion).

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water quality concepts, sampling, and analyses","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","usgsCitation":"Wang, Q., Munoz-Carpena, R., Foster, A., and Migliaccio, K.W., 2010, Groundwater sampling, chap. 6 of Water quality concepts, sampling, and analyses, p. 73-91.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"91","ipdsId":"IP-018501","costCenters":[{"id":286,"text":"Florida Water Science Center-Ft. Lauderdale","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280296,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5feee4b0b290850fc9c3","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Li, Yuncong","contributorId":113069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Yuncong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509643,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Migliaccio, Kati","contributorId":111526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Migliaccio","given":"Kati","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509642,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Qingren","contributorId":92965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Qingren","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Munoz-Carpena, Rafael","contributorId":66290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munoz-Carpena","given":"Rafael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Foster, Adam","contributorId":9952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Adam","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Migliaccio, Kati W.","contributorId":87063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Migliaccio","given":"Kati","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70148678,"text":"70148678 - 2010 - Evaluating ecological equivalence of created marshes: comparing structural indicators with stable isotope indicators of blue crab trophic support","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-19T11:26:33","indexId":"70148678","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating ecological equivalence of created marshes: comparing structural indicators with stable isotope indicators of blue crab trophic support","docAbstract":"

This study sought to examine ecological equivalence of created marshes of different ages using traditional structural measures of equivalence, and tested a relatively novel approach using stable isotopes as a measure of functional equivalence. We compared soil properties, vegetation, nekton communities, and δ13C and δ15N isotope values of blue crab muscle and hepatopancreas tissue and primary producers at created (5-24 years old) and paired reference marshes in SW Louisiana. Paired contrasts indicated that created and reference marshes supported equivalent plant and nekton communities, but differed in soil characteristics. Stable isotope indicators examining blue crab food web support found that the older marshes (8 years+) were characterized by comparable trophic diversity and breadth compared to their reference marshes. Interpretation of results for the youngest site was confounded by the fact that the paired reference, which represented the desired end goal of restoration, contained a greater diversity of basal resources. Stable isotope techniques may give coastal managers an additional tool to assess functional equivalency of created marshes, as measured by trophic support, but may be limited to comparisons of marshes with similar vegetative communities and basal resources, or require the development of robust standardization techniques.

","language":"English","publisher":"Estuarine Research Federation","publisherLocation":"Port Republic, MD","doi":"10.1007/s12237-010-9297-y","collaboration":"Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries","usgsCitation":"Llewellyn, C., and LaPeyre, M.K., 2010, Evaluating ecological equivalence of created marshes: comparing structural indicators with stable isotope indicators of blue crab trophic support: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 34, no. 1, p. 172-184, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-010-9297-y.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"172","endPage":"184","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-016398","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301362,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-05-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55853d3ee4b023124e8f5b06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Llewellyn, Chris","contributorId":141245,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Llewellyn","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":549036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LaPeyre, Megan K. 0000-0001-9936-2252 mlapeyre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9936-2252","contributorId":585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaPeyre","given":"Megan","email":"mlapeyre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70154919,"text":"70154919 - 2010 - Current distribution of North American river otters in central and eastern Oklahoma, with seven new county records","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-21T13:21:23","indexId":"70154919","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2920,"text":"Occasional Papers of the Museum at Texas Tech University","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Current distribution of North American river otters in central and eastern Oklahoma, with seven new county records","docAbstract":"

In 1984 and 1985, the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation reintroduced North American river otters (Lontra canadensis) from coastal Louisiana into eastern Oklahoma. Those reintroductions and immigration from Arkansas and possibly northeastern Texas allowed river otters to become reestablished in eastern Oklahoma. Our goals were to determine the contemporary distribution of river otters in central and eastern Oklahoma with voucher specimens, sign surveys, and mail surveys and to compare proportion of positive detections among watersheds. We report new distributional records with voucher specimens from seven counties (Adair, Bryan, Coal, Johnston, McIntosh, Okfuskee, Tulsa) in Oklahoma. We also provide locality information for specimens collected from four counties (Haskell, McCurtain, Muskogee, Wagoner) where river otters were described in published literature but no voucher specimens existed. During winter and spring 2006 and 2007, we visited 340 bridge sites in 28 watersheds in eastern and central Oklahoma and identified river otter signs in 16 counties where river otters were not previously documented in published literature or by voucher specimens. Proportion of positive sites within each watershed ranged 0–100%. Mail surveys suggested that river otters occurred in eight additional counties where they were not previously documented by published literature, voucher specimens, or sign-survey efforts.

","language":"English","publisher":"Museum of Texas Tech University","publisherLocation":"Lubbock, TX","usgsCitation":"Barrett, D.A., and Leslie, D., 2010, Current distribution of North American river otters in central and eastern Oklahoma, with seven new county records: Occasional Papers of the Museum at Texas Tech University, v. 294, p. 1-13.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-06-30","ipdsId":"IP-017762","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305854,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":305853,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nsrl.ttu.edu/publications/opapers/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.26171875,\n 33.55970664841198\n ],\n [\n -98.26171875,\n 37.54457732085582\n ],\n [\n -93.8671875,\n 37.54457732085582\n ],\n [\n -93.8671875,\n 33.55970664841198\n ],\n [\n -98.26171875,\n 33.55970664841198\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"294","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55af6d29e4b09a3b01b51aa0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barrett, Dominic A.","contributorId":145721,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barrett","given":"Dominic","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leslie, David M. 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One of the options in SWI is to model Dupuit interface flow, where freshwater and seawater are separated by an interface. In this paper we compare seawater intrusion model results of SWI to model results of SEAWAT, which simulates full variable-density flow and transport. Results indicate that SWI is valid for many variable-density systems. For the case considered in this paper, SWI results are accurate when the simulated width of the transition zone between seawater to freshwater is 15% or less of the scale of the problem, density inversion (saltwater over freshwater) occurs over only a small part of the model domain, and the ratio of vertical to horizontal hydraulic conductivity is larger than 0.01. Results also show that the simulated interface moves further inland using SWI than for the same conditions using SEAWAT. SWI is preferable to be used in systems where run times for a fully-coupled variable-density flow and transport model would be prohibitive; for the case considered here, SWI run times were a few seconds and SEAWAT run times were almost three hours.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 21st Salt Water Intrusion Meeting, Azores, Portugal, 2010","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Dausman, A., Langevin, C.D., Bakker, M., and Schaars, F., 2010, A comparison between SWI and SEAWAT: the importance of dispersion, inversion and vertical anisotropy, in Proceedings of the 21st Salt Water Intrusion Meeting, Azores, Portugal, 2010, p. 271-274.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"271","endPage":"274","numberOfPages":"4","ipdsId":"IP-021042","costCenters":[{"id":286,"text":"Florida Water Science Center-Ft. 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How gas is stored in shale-gas systems is a critical element in characterizing these potentially prolific, low-porosity/permeability reservoirs. An integrated mineralogic, geochemical, and porosity/permeability study is of the Upper Devonian-Lower Mississippian Woodford Shale, Arbuckle Mountains, southern Oklahoma, at locations previously described through detailed stratigraphic and spectral gamma surveys, was undertaken to provide insights into possible mechanisms by which natural gas might be stored in Woodford reservoirs in the adjacent Anadarko Basin. The outcrops in the Arbuckle Mountains are an ideal location to study the Woodford because here the formation is immature or marginally mature for oil generation (Comer and Hinch, 1987; Lewan, 1987), so deep burial and thermal maturation are much less pronounced than is the case for the Woodford in the basin, and as such the samples we studied are not overprinted by possible alterations resulting from deep burial and heating.

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Data were collected using hydro-acoustic instruments and continuous water-quality monitors at fixed monitoring stations. Water flowed through ENP within two distinct drainage basins; specifically, Shark Slough and Taylor Slough. Discharge to the southwest coast through Shark Slough was substantially larger than discharge to the southeast coast through Taylor Slough. Correlation analysis between coastal flows and regulated flows at water-management structures upstream from ENP suggests rainfall has a larger impact on discharge through Shark Slough than releases from the S-12 water management structures. In contrast, flow releases from water management structures upstream from Taylor Slough appear to be more closely related to discharge along the southeast coast. Salinity varied within a wide range (0 to 50 parts per thousand) along both coastlines. Periods of hypersalinity were greater along the southeast coast due to shallow compartmentalized basins within Florida Bay, which restrict circulation.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 3rd International Perspective on Current & Future State of Water Resources & the Environment","conferenceTitle":"3rd International Perspective on Current & Future State of Water Resources & the Environment","conferenceDate":"2010-01-05T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Chennai, India","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","usgsCitation":"Woods, J., 2010, Surface water discharge and salinity monitoring of coastal estuaries in Everglades National Park, USA, in support of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan, 10 p.","productDescription":"10 p.","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-014834","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287019,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287018,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sofia.usgs.gov/publications/papers/swdis_salmon/index.html"},{"id":279181,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://sofia.usgs.gov/publications/papers/swdis_salmon/ASCE_Conference_Paper_JWoods.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades National Park;Florida Bay;Shark Slough;Taylor Slough","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.5212,24.85 ], [ -81.5212,25.8918 ], [ -79.9904,25.8918 ], [ -79.9904,24.85 ], [ -81.5212,24.85 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"537717f9e4b02eab8669ef76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woods, Jeff","contributorId":15487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woods","given":"Jeff","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70056542,"text":"70056542 - 2010 - Effect of sea-level rise on future coastal groundwater resources in southern Florida, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-28T09:17:51","indexId":"70056542","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T09:07:18","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Effect of sea-level rise on future coastal groundwater resources in southern Florida, USA","docAbstract":"An existing variable‐density groundwater flow and solute transport model, developed for the northern part of Broward County, Florida, was used to predict the effect of sealevel rise on future coastal groundwater resources. Using average annual conditions from 2005, simulations were performed for 100 years into the future using four different rates of sea‐level rise: 0, 24, 48, and 88 centimeters per century. Results from these predictive analyses suggest that the average concentration of groundwater withdrawn at the municipal well field will exceed the potable limit after 70, 60, 55, and 49 years, respectively, for the four simulations.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 21st Salt Water Intrusion Meeting, Azores, Portugal, 2010","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Langevin, C.D., Zygnerski, M.R., White, J., and Hughes, J.D., 2010, Effect of sea-level rise on future coastal groundwater resources in southern Florida, USA, in Proceedings of the 21st Salt Water Intrusion Meeting, Azores, Portugal, 2010, p. 125-128.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"125","endPage":"128","numberOfPages":"4","ipdsId":"IP-020760","costCenters":[{"id":286,"text":"Florida Water Science Center-Ft. Lauderdale","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287646,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":279251,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.swim-site.nl/pdf/swim21.html"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator, Zone 17","country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Broward County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.505,25.9567 ], [ -80.505,26.3347 ], [ -80.0747,26.3347 ], [ -80.0747,25.9567 ], [ -80.505,25.9567 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53870565e4b0aa26cd7b5396","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langevin, Christian D. 0000-0001-5610-9759 langevin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5610-9759","contributorId":1030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langevin","given":"Christian","email":"langevin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zygnerski, Michael R.","contributorId":25469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zygnerski","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, Jeremy T. jwhite@usgs.gov","contributorId":3930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Jeremy T.","email":"jwhite@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":270,"text":"FLWSC-Tampa","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hughes, Joseph D. 0000-0003-1311-2354 jdhughes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1311-2354","contributorId":2492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"Joseph","email":"jdhughes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70110897,"text":"70110897 - 2010 - Using a cloud to replenish parched groundwater modeling efforts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-02T08:57:00","indexId":"70110897","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T08:51:38","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using a cloud to replenish parched groundwater modeling efforts","docAbstract":"Groundwater models can be improved by introduction of additional parameter flexibility and simultaneous use of soft-knowledge. However, these sophisticated approaches have high computational requirements. Cloud computing provides unprecedented access to computing power via the Internet to facilitate the use of these techniques. A modeler can create, launch, and terminate “virtual” computers as needed, paying by the hour, and save machine images for future use. Such cost-effective and flexible computing power empowers groundwater modelers to routinely perform model calibration and uncertainty analysis in ways not previously possible.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley Online Library","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00699.x","usgsCitation":"Hunt, R.J., Luchette, J., Schreuder, W.A., Rumbaugh, J.O., Doherty, J., Tonkin, M.J., and Rumbaugh, D.B., 2010, Using a cloud to replenish parched groundwater modeling efforts: Ground Water, v. 48, no. 3, p. 360-365, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00699.x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"360","endPage":"365","ipdsId":"IP-018384","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475606,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00699.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":287938,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287937,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00699.x"}],"volume":"48","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-04-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae789ce4b0abf75cf2da99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":1129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luchette, Joseph","contributorId":58569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luchette","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schreuder, Willem A.","contributorId":47213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreuder","given":"Willem","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rumbaugh, James O.","contributorId":87458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rumbaugh","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Doherty, John","contributorId":43843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doherty","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tonkin, Matthew J.","contributorId":26376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tonkin","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rumbaugh, Douglas B.","contributorId":42879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rumbaugh","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70043448,"text":"70043448 - 2010 - Effectiveness of Wildlife Underpasses and Fencing to Reduce Wildlife–Vehicle Collisions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-15T21:13:28","indexId":"70043448","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effectiveness of Wildlife Underpasses and Fencing to Reduce Wildlife–Vehicle Collisions","docAbstract":"Transportation planners are increasingly incorporating roadway design features to mitigate impacts of highways on wildlife and to increase driver safety. We used camera and track surveys to evaluate wildlife use before and after construction of 3 wildlife underpasses and associated fencing on a new section of United States Highway 64 in Washington County, North Carolina, USA. We recorded 242 occasions of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) use of underpass areas before highway construction began. Following completion of the highway, we collected 2,433 photographs of 9 species with deer representing 93% of all crossings. Adjusting for differences in number of monitoring days, white-tailed deer use of underpass areas averaged 6.7 times greater after the new highway and underpasses were completed. We recorded 3,614 wildlife crossings of ≥20 species based on track counts, representing most medium and large mammals known to occur in the area and several reptiles and birds. After completion of the highway, we documented wildlife mortality due to vehicle collisions during a 13-month period and recorded 128 incidences representing ≥24 species. Within fenced highway segments, mortalities were lowest near underpasses and increased with distance from the underpasses. However, we also documented more mortalities in fenced areas compared with unfenced areas. With greater distance from an underpass, animals with smaller home ranges seemed less likely to reach the underpass and instead attempted to climb over or crawl under fencing. Based on collision reports from adjacent highway sections, the new section of United States Highway 64 experienced approximately 58% fewer wildlife mortalities (primarily white-tailed deer), suggesting underpasses and fencing reduced the number of deer–vehicle collisions. Continuous fencing between underpasses may further reduce the number of vehicle collisions for deer but additional design features (e.g., buried fencing) should be considered for other wildlife species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/2009-535","usgsCitation":"Frank Van Manen, and McCollister, M.F., 2010, Effectiveness of Wildlife Underpasses and Fencing to Reduce Wildlife–Vehicle Collisions: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 74, no. 8, p. 1722-1731, https://doi.org/10.2193/2009-535.","startPage":"1722","endPage":"1731","ipdsId":"IP-017625","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267602,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267601,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2009-535"}],"country":"United States","volume":"74","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"511f6714e4b03b29402c5dcf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frank Van Manen","contributorId":128278,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Frank Van Manen","id":535407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCollister, Matthew F.","contributorId":107161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCollister","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70043679,"text":"70043679 - 2010 - Kinetics of viral shedding provide insights into the epidemiology of viral hemorrhagic septicemia in Pacific herring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-12T18:14:52","indexId":"70043679","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kinetics of viral shedding provide insights into the epidemiology of viral hemorrhagic septicemia in Pacific herring","docAbstract":"Losses from infectious diseases are an important component of natural mortality among marine fish species, but factors controlling the ecology of these diseases and their potential responses to anthropogenic changes are poorly understood. We used viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) and a laboratory stock of Pacific herring Clupea pallasii to investigate the kinetics of viral shedding and its effect on disease transmission and host mortality. Outbreaks of acute disease, accompanied by mortality and viral shedding, were initiated after waterborne exposure of herring to concentrations of VHSV as low as 101 plaque-forming units (pfu) ml–1. Shed virus in flow-through tanks was first detected 4 to 5 d post-exposure, peaked after 6 to 10 d, and was no longer detected after 16 d. Shedding rates, calculated from density, flow and waterborne virus titer reached 1.8 to 5.0 × 108 pfu fish–1 d–1. Onset of viral shedding was dose-dependent and preceded initial mortality by 2 d. At 21 d, cumulative mortality in treatment groups ranged from 81 to 100% and was dependent not on challenge dose, but on the kinetics and level of viral shedding by infected fish in the tank. Possible consequences of the viral shedding and disease kinetics are discussed in the context of epizootic initiation and perpetuation among populations of wild Pacific herring.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","publisherLocation":"Oldendorf/Luhe Germany","doi":"10.3354/meps08420","usgsCitation":"Hershberger, P., Gregg, J.L., Winton, J.R., Grady, C., and Collins, R., 2010, Kinetics of viral shedding provide insights into the epidemiology of viral hemorrhagic septicemia in Pacific herring: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 400, p. 187-193, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08420.","startPage":"187","endPage":"193","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-015084","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475607,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08420","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":270862,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270861,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps08420"}],"country":"United States","volume":"400","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6373e4b0b290850fed0f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hershberger, Paul K. phershberger@usgs.gov","contributorId":1945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"Paul K.","email":"phershberger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":474041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gregg, Jacob L. jgregg@usgs.gov","contributorId":2884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregg","given":"Jacob","email":"jgregg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":474042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Winton, James R. 0000-0002-3505-5509 jwinton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":1944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James","email":"jwinton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":474040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grady, Courtney","contributorId":39671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grady","given":"Courtney","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Collins, Rachael","contributorId":61725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Rachael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":98978,"text":"ofr20101153 - 2010 - Geophysical investigations at Hidden Dam, Raymond, California — Flow simulations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-18T18:25:47.206962","indexId":"ofr20101153","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1153","title":"Geophysical investigations at Hidden Dam, Raymond, California — Flow simulations","docAbstract":"Numerical flow modeling and analysis of observation-well data at Hidden Dam are carried out to supplement recent geophysical field investigations at the site (Minsley and others, 2010). This work also is complementary to earlier seepage-related studies at Hidden Dam documented by Cedergren (1980a, b). Known seepage areas on the northwest right abutment area of the downstream side of the dam was documented by Cedergren (1980a, b). Subsequent to the 1980 seepage study, a drainage blanket with a sub-drain system was installed to mitigate downstream seepage. Flow net analysis provided by Cedergren (1980a, b) suggests that the primary seepage mechanism involves flow through the dam foundation due to normal reservoir pool elevations, which results in upflow that intersects the ground surface in several areas on the downstream side of the dam. In addition to the reservoir pool elevations and downstream surface topography, flow is also controlled by the existing foundation geology as well as the presence or absence of a horizontal drain in the downstream portion of the dam.\r\nThe current modeling study is aimed at quantifying how variability in dam and foundation hydrologic properties influences seepage as a function of reservoir stage. Flow modeling is implemented using the COMSOL Multiphysics software package, which solves the partially saturated flow equations in a two-dimensional (2D) cross-section of Hidden Dam that also incorporates true downstream topography. Use of the COMSOL software package provides a more quantitative approach than the flow net analysis by Cedergren (1980a, b), and allows for rapid evaluation of the influence of various parameters such as reservoir level, dam structure and geometry, and hydrogeologic properties of the dam and foundation materials. Historical observation-well data are used to help validate the flow simulations by comparing observed and predicted water levels for a range of reservoir elevations. The flow models are guided by, and discussed in the context of, the geophysical work (Minsley and others, 2010) where appropriate.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101153","usgsCitation":"Minsley, B.J., and Ikard, S., 2010, Geophysical investigations at Hidden Dam, Raymond, California — Flow simulations: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1153, x, 64 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101153.","productDescription":"x, 64 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":115899,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1153.png"},{"id":14412,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1153/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":403938,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_94718.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Raymond","otherGeospatial":"Hidden Dam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.89465713500975,\n 37.09927677569606\n ],\n [\n -119.87723350524902,\n 37.09927677569606\n ],\n [\n -119.87723350524902,\n 37.1165261849112\n ],\n [\n -119.89465713500975,\n 37.1165261849112\n ],\n [\n -119.89465713500975,\n 37.09927677569606\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c486","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Minsley, Burke J. 0000-0003-1689-1306 bminsley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1689-1306","contributorId":697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minsley","given":"Burke","email":"bminsley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ikard, Scott","contributorId":14779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ikard","given":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70044251,"text":"70044251 - 2010 - Long-term variability in Northern Hemisphere snow cover and associations with warmer winters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-12T12:08:05","indexId":"70044251","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1252,"text":"Climatic Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term variability in Northern Hemisphere snow cover and associations with warmer winters","docAbstract":"A monthly snow accumulation and melt model is used with gridded monthly temperature and precipitation data for the Northern Hemisphere to generate time series of March snow-covered area (SCA) for the period 1905 through 2002. The time series of estimated SCA for March is verified by comparison with previously published time series of SCA for the Northern Hemisphere. The time series of estimated Northern Hemisphere March SCA shows a substantial decrease since about 1970, and this decrease corresponds to an increase in mean winter Northern Hemisphere temperature. The increase in winter temperature has caused a decrease in the fraction of precipitation that occurs as snow and an increase in snowmelt for some parts of the Northern Hemisphere, particularly the mid-latitudes, thus reducing snow packs and March SCA. In addition, the increase in winter temperature and the decreases in SCA appear to be associated with a contraction of the circumpolar vortex and a poleward movement of storm tracks, resulting in decreased precipitation (and snow) in the low- to mid-latitudes and an increase in precipitation (and snow) in high latitudes. If Northern Hemisphere winter temperatures continue to warm as they have since the 1970s, then March SCA will likely continue to decrease.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Climatic Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10584-009-9675-2","usgsCitation":"McCabe, G., and Wolock, D.M., 2010, Long-term variability in Northern Hemisphere snow cover and associations with warmer winters: Climatic Change, v. 99, no. 1-2, p. 141-153, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-009-9675-2.","startPage":"141","endPage":"153","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-005695","costCenters":[{"id":435,"text":"National Research Program - Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270853,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270852,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-009-9675-2"}],"country":"United States","volume":"99","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd64ffe4b0b290850ffced","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCabe, Gregory J. 0000-0002-9258-2997 gmccabe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2997","contributorId":1453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"Gregory J.","email":"gmccabe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":475180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolock, David M. 0000-0002-6209-938X dwolock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"David","email":"dwolock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":98977,"text":"fs20103116 - 2010 - Airborne volcanic ash; a global threat to aviation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-22T09:38:33","indexId":"fs20103116","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3116","title":"Airborne volcanic ash; a global threat to aviation","docAbstract":"The world's busy air traffic corridors pass over or downwind of hundreds of volcanoes capable of hazardous explosive eruptions. The risk to aviation from volcanic activity is significant - in the United States alone, aircraft carry about 300,000 passengers and hundreds of millions of dollars of cargo near active volcanoes each day. Costly disruption of flight operations in Europe and North America in 2010 in the wake of a moderate-size eruption in Iceland clearly demonstrates how eruptions can have global impacts on the aviation industry. Airborne volcanic ash can be a serious hazard to aviation even hundreds of miles from an eruption. Encounters with high-concentration ash clouds can diminish visibility, damage flight control systems, and cause jet engines to fail. Encounters with low-concentration clouds of volcanic ash and aerosols can accelerate wear on engine and aircraft components, resulting in premature replacement. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with national and international partners, is playing a leading role in the international effort to reduce the risk posed to aircraft by volcanic eruptions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20103116","usgsCitation":"Neal, C., and Guffanti, M.C., 2010, Airborne volcanic ash; a global threat to aviation: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3116, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103116.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":115900,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3116.gif"},{"id":14410,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3116/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":278312,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3116/fs2010-3116.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aefe4b07f02db691503","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neal, Christina A. 0000-0002-7697-7825","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":82660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Christina A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guffanti, Marianne C. guffanti@usgs.gov","contributorId":641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guffanti","given":"Marianne","email":"guffanti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70004969,"text":"70004969 - 2010 - Hydrogeology of the Markagunt Plateau, Southwestern Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-23T09:54:09","indexId":"70004969","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Hydrogeology of the Markagunt Plateau, Southwestern Utah","docAbstract":"The Markagunt Plateau, in southwestern Utah, lies at an altitude of about 9,500 feet and is capped primarily by Quaternary-age basalt that overlies Eocene-age freshwater limestone of the Claron Formation. Over large parts of the Markagunt Plateau, dissolution of the Claron limestone and subsequent collapse of the overlying basalt have produced a terrain characterized by sinkholes as much as 1,000 feet across and 100 feet deep. Numerous large springs discharge from the basalt and underlying limestone on the plateau, including Mammoth Spring, one of the largest springs in Utah, with a discharge that can exceed 300 cubic feet per second. Discharge from Mammoth Spring is from the Claron Formation; however, recharge to the spring largely takes place by both focused and diffuse infiltration through the basalt that caps the limestone. Results of dye tracing to Mammoth Spring indicate that recharge originates largely southwest of the spring outside of the Mammoth Creek watershed, as well as from losing reaches along Mammoth Creek. Maximum groundwater travel time to the spring from dye-tracer tests during the snowmelt runoff period was about 1 week. Specific conductance and water temperature data from the spring show an inverse relation to discharge during snowmelt runoff and rainfall events, also indicating short groundwater residence times. Results of major-ion analyses for samples collected from Mammoth and other springs on the plateau indicate calcium-bicarbonate type water containing low (less than 200 mg/L) dissolved-solids concentrations.\n\nInvestigations in the Navajo Lake area along the southern margin of the plateau have shown that water losing to sinkholes bifurcates and discharges to both Cascade and Duck Creek Springs, which subsequently flow into the Virgin and Sevier River basins, respectively. Groundwater travel times to these springs, on the basis of dye tracing, were about 8.5 and 53 hours, respectively. Similarly, groundwater travel time from Duck Creek Sinks to Lower Asay Spring was about 68 hours. Dye-tracer studies conducted at the Mammoth Creek fish hatchery along the eastern margin of the Markagunt Plateau indicate that water losing through the channel of Mammoth Creek 3,000 feet upstream of the hatchery discharges from the hatchery springs in about 7.5 hours. Results of studies using soil bacteria and club moss spores as surrogate particle tracers for the whirling disease parasite also indicate that the potential exists for transport of the parasite to the springs from Mammoth Creek.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"UGA Guidebook","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Utah Geological Association","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, Utah","usgsCitation":"Spangler, L.E., 2010, Hydrogeology of the Markagunt Plateau, Southwestern Utah, chap. of UGA Guidebook, v. 39, p. 93-108.","startPage":"93","endPage":"108","ipdsId":"IP-030830","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268011,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"39","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5129f329e4b04edf7e93f8d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spangler, Lawrence E. 0000-0003-3928-8809 spangler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3928-8809","contributorId":973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spangler","given":"Lawrence","email":"spangler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70173671,"text":"70173671 - 2010 - Evaluation of methods for identifying spawning sites and habitat selection for alosines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-07T15:24:43","indexId":"70173671","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of methods for identifying spawning sites and habitat selection for alosines","docAbstract":"

Characterization of riverine spawning habitat is important for the management and restoration of anadromous alosines. We examined the relative effectiveness of oblique plankton tows and spawning pads for collecting the eggs of American shad Alosa sapidissima, hickory shad A. mediocris, and “river herring” (a collective term for alewife A. pseudoharengus and blueback herring A. aestivalis) in the Roanoke River, North Carolina. Relatively nonadhesive American shad eggs were only collected by plankton tows, whereas semiadhesive hickory shad and river herring eggs were collected by both methods. Compared with spawning pads, oblique plankton tows had higher probabilities of collecting eggs and led to the identification of longer spawning periods. In assumed spawning areas, twice-weekly plankton sampling for 15 min throughout the spawning season had a 95% or greater probability of collecting at least one egg for all alosines; however, the probabilities were lower in areas with more limited spawning. Comparisons of plankton tows, spawning pads, and two other methods of identifying spawning habitat (direct observation of spawning and examination of female histology) suggested differences in effectiveness and efficiency. Riverwide information on spawning sites and timing for all alosines is most efficiently obtained by plankton sampling. Spawning pads and direct observations of spawning are the best ways to determine microhabitat selectivity for appropriate species, especially when spawning sites have previously been identified. Histological examination can help determine primary spawning sites but is most useful when information on reproductive biology and spawning periodicity is also desired. The target species, riverine habitat conditions, and research goals should be considered when selecting methods with which to evaluate alosine spawning habitat.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis Online","doi":"10.1577/M09-096.1","usgsCitation":"Harris, J., and Hightower, J.E., 2010, Evaluation of methods for identifying spawning sites and habitat selection for alosines: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 30, no. 2, p. 386-399, https://doi.org/10.1577/M09-096.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"386","endPage":"399","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-014707","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323200,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5757f034e4b04f417c24da71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, Julianne E.","contributorId":57687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Julianne E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hightower, Joseph E. jhightower@usgs.gov","contributorId":835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hightower","given":"Joseph","email":"jhightower@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70156310,"text":"70156310 - 2010 - Mercury-contaminated hydraulic mining debris in San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T14:49:54","indexId":"70156310","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3331,"text":"San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury-contaminated hydraulic mining debris in San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"

The hydraulic gold-mining process used during the California Gold Rush and in many developing countries today contributes enormous amounts of sediment to rivers and streams. Commonly, accompanying this sediment are contaminants such as elemental mercury and cyanide used in the gold extraction process. We show that some of the mercurycontaminated sediment created by hydraulic gold mining in the Sierra Nevada, between 1852 and 1884, ended up over 250 kilometers (km) away in San Francisco Bay; an example of the far-reaching extent of contamination from such activities.

\n

A combination of radionuclide dating, bathymetric reconstruction, and geochemical tracers were used to distinguish the hydraulic mining sediment from sediment deposited in the bay before hydraulic mining started (pre-Gold Rush sediment) and sediment deposited after hydraulic mining stopped (modern sediment). Three San Francisco Bay cores were studied as well as source material from the abandoned hydraulic gold mines and river sediment between the mines and bay. Isotopic and geochemical compositions of the core sediments show a geochemical shift in sediment deposited during the time of hydraulic mining. The geochemical shift is characterized by a decrease in εNd, total organic carbon (TOC), Sr and Ca concentrations, Ca/Sr, and Ni/Zr; and, an increase in 87Sr/86Sr, Al/Ca, Hg concentrations, and quartz/plagioclase. This shift is in the direction of the geochemical signature of sediments from rivers and gold mines in hydraulic mining areas. Mixing calculations using Nd isotopes and concentrations estimate that the hydraulic mining debris comprises up to 56% of the sediment in core sediments deposited during the time of hydraulic mining. The surface sediment of cores taken in 1990 were found to contain up to 43% hydraulic mining debris, reflecting a continuing remobilization and redistribution of the debris within the bay and transport from the watershed.

\n

Mercury concentrations in pre-Gold Rush sediment range between 0.03 and 0.08 μg g-1. In core sediments that have characteristics of the gold deposits and were deposited during the time of hydraulic mining, mercury concentrations can be up to 0.45 μg/g. Modern sediment (post-1952 deposition) contains mercury concentrations up to 0.79 μg/g and is likely a mix of hydraulic mining mercury and mercury introduced from other sources.

","language":"English","publisher":"John Muir Institute of the Environment","usgsCitation":"Bouse, R.M., Fuller, C.C., Luoma, S.N., Hornberger, M.I., Jaffe, B.E., and Smith, R., 2010, Mercury-contaminated hydraulic mining debris in San Francisco Bay: San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science, v. 8, no. 1, p. 1-28.","productDescription":"ii, 28 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"28","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306948,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":306947,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/15j0b0z4"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay, San Pablo Bay, Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {\n \"stroke\": \"#555555\",\n \"stroke-width\": 2,\n \"stroke-opacity\": 1,\n \"fill\": \"#555555\",\n \"fill-opacity\": 0.5\n },\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.200927734375,\n 36.910372213522535\n ],\n [\n -123.804931640625,\n 39.15136267949032\n ],\n [\n -120.58593749999999,\n 39.838068180000015\n ],\n [\n -120.50354003906249,\n 37.00255267215955\n ],\n [\n -122.200927734375,\n 36.910372213522535\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d5a8b2e4b0518e3546a4d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bouse, Robin M.","contributorId":27076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bouse","given":"Robin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, Christopher C.","contributorId":146651,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fuller","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luoma, Samuel N. 0000-0001-5443-5091 snluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-5091","contributorId":2287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"Samuel","email":"snluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":568633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hornberger, Michelle I. 0000-0002-7787-3446 mhornber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7787-3446","contributorId":1037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"Michelle","email":"mhornber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":568634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce E. 0000-0002-8816-5920 bjaffe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-5920","contributorId":2049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce","email":"bjaffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":568635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, Richard E.","contributorId":146652,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70169882,"text":"70169882 - 2010 - Using GIS and Google Earth for the creation of the Going-to-the-Sun Road Avalanche Atlas, Glacier National Park, Montana, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-09T14:06:23","indexId":"70169882","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Using GIS and Google Earth for the creation of the Going-to-the-Sun Road Avalanche Atlas, Glacier National Park, Montana, USA","docAbstract":"

Snow avalanche paths are key geomorphologic features in Glacier National Park, Montana, and an important component of mountain ecosystems: they are isolated within a larger ecosystem, they are continuously disturbed, and they contain unique physical characteristics (Malanson and Butler, 1984). Avalanches impact subalpine forest structure and function, as well as overall biodiversity (Bebi et al., 2009). Because avalanches are dynamic phenomena, avalanche path geometry and spatial extent depend upon climatic regimes.

The USGS/GNP Avalanche Program formally began in 2003 as an avalanche forecasting program for the spring opening of the ever-popular Going-to-the-Sun Road (GTSR), which crosses through 37 identified avalanche paths. Avalanche safety and forecasting is a necessary part of the GTSR spring opening procedures. An avalanche atlas detailing topographic parameters and oblique photographs was completed for the GTSR corridor in response to a request from GNP personnel for planning and resource management. Using ArcMap 9.2 GIS software, polygons were created for every avalanche path affecting the GTSR using aerial imagery, field-based observations, and GPS measurements of sub-meter accuracy. Spatial attributes for each path were derived within the GIS. Resulting products include an avalanche atlas book for operational use, a geoPDF of the atlas, and a Google Earth flyover illustrating each path and associated photographs. The avalanche atlas aids park management in worker safety, infrastructure planning, and natural resource protection by identifying avalanche path patterns and location. The atlas was created for operational and planning purposes and is also used as a foundation for research such as avalanche ecology projects and avalanche path runout modeling.

","language":"English","publisher":"ISSW","usgsCitation":"Peitzsch, E.H., Fagre, D.B., and Dundas, M., 2010, Using GIS and Google Earth for the creation of the Going-to-the-Sun Road Avalanche Atlas, Glacier National Park, Montana, USA, p. 819-823.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"819","endPage":"823","ipdsId":"IP-024664","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328455,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":328454,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://arc.lib.montana.edu/snow-science/objects/ISSW_P-098.pdf"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d3dd3ee4b0571647d19ae4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peitzsch, Erich H. 0000-0001-7624-0455 epeitzsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7624-0455","contributorId":3786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peitzsch","given":"Erich","email":"epeitzsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fagre, Daniel B. 0000-0001-8552-9461 dan_fagre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8552-9461","contributorId":2036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagre","given":"Daniel","email":"dan_fagre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dundas, Mark","contributorId":150560,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dundas","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16272,"text":"National Park Service, Glacier National Park, West Glacier, MT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":625446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70173569,"text":"70173569 - 2010 - Health evaluation of western arctic King Eiders (Somateria spectabilis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-13T15:04:03","indexId":"70173569","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Health evaluation of western arctic King Eiders (Somateria spectabilis)","docAbstract":"

The western arctic population of King Eiders (Somateria spectabilis) has declined by >50% in recent years. A health assessment was conducted for adult King Eiders breeding on the north slope of Alaska, USA, to evaluate body condition (n=90, 2002–2006) and baseline biochemical and hematologic values (n=20–30, 2005–2006). Body condition for males and females was excellent. Total protein, calcium, alkaline phosphatase, amylase, and globulin were significantly higher in females than in males, likely because of differences in reproductive physiology. These baseline health data can be used to promote conservation of King Eiders and other closely related species of concern.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-46.4.1290","usgsCitation":"Scott, C.A., Mazet, J.A., and Powell, A.N., 2010, Health evaluation of western arctic King Eiders (Somateria spectabilis): Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 46, no. 4, p. 1290-1294, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-46.4.1290.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1290","endPage":"1294","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-012134","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-46.4.1290","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323514,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575fd92de4b04f417c2baa25","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, Cheryl A.","contributorId":171768,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott","given":"Cheryl","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mazet, Jonna A.K.","contributorId":68444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazet","given":"Jonna","email":"","middleInitial":"A.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Powell, Abby N. 0000-0002-9783-134X abby_powell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9783-134X","contributorId":171426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"Abby","email":"abby_powell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}