{"pageNumber":"189","pageRowStart":"4700","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10466,"records":[{"id":70003619,"text":"70003619 - 2011 - Developing seismogenic source models based on geologic fault data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-21T17:40:36.908792","indexId":"70003619","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developing seismogenic source models based on geologic fault data","docAbstract":"Calculating seismic hazard usually requires input that includes seismicity associated with known faults, historical earthquake catalogs, geodesy, and models of ground shaking. This paper will address the input generally derived from geologic studies that augment the short historical catalog to predict ground shaking at time scales of tens, hundreds, or thousands of years (e.g., SSHAC 1997). A seismogenic source model, terminology we adopt here for a fault source model, includes explicit three-dimensional faults deemed capable of generating ground motions of engineering significance within a specified time frame of interest. In tectonically active regions of the world, such as near plate boundaries, multiple seismic cycles span a few hundred to a few thousand years. In contrast, in less active regions hundreds of kilometers from the nearest plate boundary, seismic cycles generally are thousands to tens of thousands of years long. Therefore, one should include sources having both longer recurrence intervals and possibly older times of most recent rupture in less active regions of the world rather than restricting the model to include only Holocene faults (i.e., those with evidence of large-magnitude earthquakes in the past 11,500 years) as is the practice in tectonically active regions with high deformation rates. \r\n\r\nDuring the past 15 years, our institutions independently developed databases to characterize seismogenic sources based on geologic data at a national scale. Our goal here is to compare the content of these two publicly available seismogenic source models compiled for the primary purpose of supporting seismic hazard calculations by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); hereinafter we refer to the two seismogenic source models as INGV and USGS, respectively. This comparison is timely because new initiatives are emerging to characterize seismogenic sources at the continental scale (e.g., SHARE in the Euro-Mediterranean, http://www.share-eu.org/; EMME in the Middle East, http://www.emme-gem.org/) and global scale (e.g., GEM, http://www.globalquakemodel.org/; Anonymous 2008). To some extent, each of these efforts is still trying to resolve the level of optimal detail required for this type of compilation. The comparison we provide defines a common standard for consideration by the international community for future regional and global seismogenic source models by identifying the necessary parameters that capture the essence of geological fault data in order to characterize seismogenic sources. In addition, we inform potential users of differences in our usage of common geological/seismological terms to avoid inappropriate use of the data in our models and provide guidance to convert the data from one model to the other (for detailed instructions, see the electronic supplement to this article). Applying our recommendations will permit probabilistic seismic hazard assessment codes to run seamlessly using either seismogenic source input. \r\n\r\nThe USGS and INGV database schema compare well at a first-level inspection. Both databases contain a set of fields representing generalized fault three-dimensional geometry and additional fields that capture the essence of past earthquake occurrences. Nevertheless, there are important differences. When we further analyze supposedly comparable fields, many are defined differently. These differences would cause anomalous results in hazard prediction if one assumes the values are similarly defined. The data, however, can be made fully compatible using simple transformations.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.82.4.519","usgsCitation":"Haller, K., and Basili, R., 2011, Developing seismogenic source models based on geologic fault data: Seismological Research Letters, v. 82, no. 4, p. 519-525, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.82.4.519.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"519","endPage":"525","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204124,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db6672f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haller, Kathleen M. haller@usgs.gov","contributorId":1331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haller","given":"Kathleen M.","email":"haller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":347978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Basili, Roberto","contributorId":9760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Basili","given":"Roberto","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70190222,"text":"70190222 - 2011 - Ictalurids in Iowa’s streams and rivers: Status, distribution, and relationships with biotic integrity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-20T10:16:35","indexId":"70190222","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":718,"text":"American Fisheries Society Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ictalurids in Iowa’s streams and rivers: Status, distribution, and relationships with biotic integrity","docAbstract":"<p><span>Anthropogenic alterations to Iowa’s landscape have greatly altered lotic systems with consequent effects on the biodiversity of freshwater fauna. Ictalurids are a diverse group of fishes and play an important ecological role in aquatic ecosystems. However, little is known about their distribution and status in lotic systems throughout Iowa. The purpose of this study was to describe the distribution of ictalurids in Iowa and examine their relationship with ecological integrity of streams and rivers. Historical data (i.e., 1884–2002) compiled for the Iowa Aquatic Gap Analysis Project (IAGAP) were used to detect declines in the distribution of ictalurids in Iowa streams and rivers at stream segment and watershed scales. Eight variables characterizing ictalurid assemblages were used to evaluate relationships with index of biotic integrity (IBI) ratings. Comparisons of recent and historic data from the IAGAP database indicated that 9 of Iowa’s 10 ictalurid species experienced distribution declines at one or more spatial scales. Analysis of variance indicated that ictalurid assemblages differed among samples with different IBI ratings. Specifically, total ictalurid, sensitive ictalurid, and Noturus spp. richness increased as IBI ratings increased. Results indicate declining ictalurid species distributions and biotic integrity are related, and management strategies aimed to improve habitat and increase biotic integrity will benefit ictalurid species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","usgsCitation":"Sindt, A.R., Fischer, J., Quist, M.C., and Pierce, C., 2011, Ictalurids in Iowa’s streams and rivers: Status, distribution, and relationships with biotic integrity: American Fisheries Society Symposium, v. 77, p. 335-347.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"335","endPage":"347","ipdsId":"IP-024856","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344976,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"599a9fb8e4b0b589267d58c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sindt, Anthony R.","contributorId":171503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sindt","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fischer, Jesse R.","contributorId":86618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"Jesse R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Quist, Michael C. mquist@usgs.gov","contributorId":4042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"Michael","email":"mquist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":350,"text":"Iowa Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":708096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pierce, Clay 0000-0001-5088-5431 cpierce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5088-5431","contributorId":150492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"Clay","email":"cpierce@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70189033,"text":"70189033 - 2011 - Hydrogeophysical investigations at Hidden Dam, Raymond, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-29T13:48:41","indexId":"70189033","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3928,"text":"Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics","printIssn":"1083-1363","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogeophysical investigations at Hidden Dam, Raymond, California","docAbstract":"<p id=\"p-1\">Self-potential and direct current resistivity surveys are carried out at the Hidden Dam site in Raymond, California to assess present-day seepage patterns and better understand the hydrogeologic mechanisms that likely influence seepage. Numerical modeling is utilized in conjunction with the geophysical measurements to predict variably-saturated flow through typical two-dimensional dam cross-sections as a function of reservoir elevation. Several different flow scenarios are investigated based on the known hydrogeology, as well as information about typical subsurface structures gained from the resistivity survey. The flow models are also used to simulate the bulk electrical resistivity in the subsurface under varying saturation conditions, as well as the self-potential response using petrophysical relationships and electrokinetic coupling equations.</p><p id=\"p-2\">The self-potential survey consists of 512 measurements on the downstream area of the dam, and corroborates known seepage areas on the northwest side of the dam. Two direct-current resistivity profiles, each approximately 2,500&nbsp;ft (762&nbsp;m) long, indicate a broad sediment channel under the northwest side of the dam, which may be a significant seepage pathway through the foundation. A focusing of seepage in low-topography areas downstream of the dam is confirmed from the numerical flow simulations, which is also consistent with past observations. Little evidence of seepage is identified from the self-potential data on the southeast side of the dam, also consistent with historical records, though one possible area of focused seepage is identified near the outlet works. Integration of the geophysical surveys, numerical modeling, and observation well data provides a framework for better understanding seepage at the site through a combined hydrogeophysical approach.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society","doi":"10.2113/JEEG16.4.145","usgsCitation":"Minsley, B.J., Burton, B.L., Ikard, S., and Powers, M.H., 2011, Hydrogeophysical investigations at Hidden Dam, Raymond, California: Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics, v. 16, no. 4, p. 145-164, https://doi.org/10.2113/JEEG16.4.145.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"145","endPage":"164","ipdsId":"IP-022264","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343136,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Raymond","otherGeospatial":"Hidden Dam","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.89240407943724,\n              37.11503755152569\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.89349842071533,\n              37.11428466832454\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.89163160324095,\n              37.11158107148775\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.8788857460022,\n              37.103743517498586\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.87809181213377,\n              37.10437671245446\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.87950801849364,\n              37.10625915268512\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.88178253173828,\n              37.10898005178678\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.8827052116394,\n              37.10993833259634\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.88624572753906,\n              37.112385316076114\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.88764047622679,\n              37.113172440806665\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.89240407943724,\n              37.11503755152569\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595611c7e4b0d1f9f05067e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Minsley, Burke J. 0000-0003-1689-1306 bminsley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1689-1306","contributorId":697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minsley","given":"Burke","email":"bminsley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burton, Bethany L. 0000-0001-5011-7862 blburton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5011-7862","contributorId":138925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"Bethany","email":"blburton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ikard, Scott 0000-0002-8304-4935 sikard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8304-4935","contributorId":171751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ikard","given":"Scott","email":"sikard@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Powers, Michael H. 0000-0002-4480-7856 mhpowers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4480-7856","contributorId":851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"Michael","email":"mhpowers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70004660,"text":"70004660 - 2011 - Amplification and dampening of soil respiration by changes in temperature variability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-20T12:53:47","indexId":"70004660","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1011,"text":"Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Amplification and dampening of soil respiration by changes in temperature variability","docAbstract":"Accelerated release of carbon from soils is one of the most important feed backs related to anthropogenically induced climate change. Studies addressing the mechanisms for soil carbon release through organic matter decomposition have focused on the effect of changes in the average temperature, with little attention to changes in temperature vari-ability. Anthropogenic activities are likely to modify both the average state and the variability of the climatic system; therefore, the effects of future warming on decomposition should not only focus on trends in the average temperature, but also variability expressed as a change of the probability distribution of temperature.Using analytical and numerical analyses we tested common relationships between temperature and respiration and found that the variability of temperature plays an important role determining respiration rates of soil organic matter. Changes in temperature variability, without changes in the average temperature, can affect the amount of carbon released through respiration over the long term. Furthermore, simultaneous changes in the average and variance of temperature can either amplify or dampen there release of carbon through soil respiration as climate regimes change. The effects depend on the degree of convexity of the relationship between temperature and respiration and the magnitude of the change in temperature variance. A potential consequence of this effect of variability would be higher respiration in regions where both the mean and variance of temperature are expected to increase, such as in some low latitude regions; and lower amounts of respiration where the average temperature is expected to increase and the variance to decrease, such as in northern high latitudes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biogeosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Copernicus Gesellschaft MBH","publisherLocation":"Gottingen, Germany","doi":"10.5194/bg-8-951-2011","usgsCitation":"Sierra, C., Harmon, M.E., Thomann, E., Perakis, S., and Loescher, H., 2011, Amplification and dampening of soil respiration by changes in temperature variability: Biogeosciences, v. 8, no. 4, p. 951-961, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-951-2011.","startPage":"951","endPage":"961","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474964,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-951-2011","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":266031,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-951-2011"},{"id":204058,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"8","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6b5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sierra, C.A.","contributorId":80908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sierra","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harmon, M. E.","contributorId":80452,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harmon","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomann, E.","contributorId":32801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomann","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Perakis, S.S.","contributorId":82039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perakis","given":"S.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Loescher, H.W.","contributorId":68966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loescher","given":"H.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70004872,"text":"ofr20111003 - 2011 - Combined multibeam and LIDAR bathymetry data from eastern Long Island Sound and westernmost Block Island Sound-A regional perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:56","indexId":"ofr20111003","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1003","title":"Combined multibeam and LIDAR bathymetry data from eastern Long Island Sound and westernmost Block Island Sound-A regional perspective","docAbstract":"Detailed bathymetric maps of the sea floor in Long Island Sound are of great interest to the Connecticut and New York research and management communities because of this estuary's ecological, recreational, and commercial importance. The completed, geologically interpreted digital terrain models (DTMs), ranging in area from 12 to 293 square kilometers, provide important benthic environmental information, yet many applications require a geographically broader perspective. For example, individual surveys are of limited use for the planning and construction of cross-sound infrastructure, such as cables and pipelines, or for the testing of regional circulation models. To address this need, we integrated 12 multibeam and 2 LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) contiguous bathymetric DTMs, produced by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration during charting operations, into one dataset that covers much of eastern Long Island Sound and extends into westernmost Block Island Sound. The new dataset is adjusted to mean lower low water, is gridded to 4-meter resolution, and is provided in UTM Zone 18 NAD83 and geographic WGS84 projections. This resolution is adequate for sea floor-feature and process interpretation but is small enough to be queried and manipulated with standard Geographic Information System programs and to allow for future growth. Natural features visible in the grid include exposed bedrock outcrops, boulder lag deposits of submerged moraines, sand-wave fields, and scour depressions that reflect the strength of the oscillating and asymmetric tidal currents. Bedform asymmetry allows interpretations of net sediment transport. Anthropogenic artifacts visible in the bathymetric data include a dredged channel, shipwrecks, dredge spoils, mooring anchors, prop-scour depressions, buried cables, and bridge footings. Together the merged data reveal a larger, more continuous perspective of bathymetric topography than previously available, providing a fundamental framework for research and resource management activities in this major east-coast estuary.","language":"English","publisher":"U. S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111003","usgsCitation":"Poppe, L., Danforth, W.W., McMullen, K., Parker, C.E., and Doran, E.F., 2011, Combined multibeam and LIDAR bathymetry data from eastern Long Island Sound and westernmost Block Island Sound-A regional perspective: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1003, HTML Page, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111003.","productDescription":"HTML Page","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116654,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1003.png"},{"id":24384,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1003/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{\"crs\": {\"type\": \"name\", \"properties\": {\"name\": \"urn:ogc:def:crs:OGC:1.3:CRS84\"}}, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [[[-72.64578435384327, 41.21420149913303], [-72.4009181372618, 41.21869445723546], [-72.34196176021061, 41.23431022624995], [-72.34190696803863, 41.262582986991944], [-72.3244830573488, 41.257596899341706], [-72.30026491733334, 41.27606186129919], [-72.25999267092757, 41.28055481940162], [-72.24503440797686, 41.29847185963929], [-72.22481609651601, 41.29666371796391], [-72.22103543664933, 41.30937550186342], [-72.21955604800584, 41.29337618764508], [-72.20448820071117, 41.28625320528759], [-72.2032827729276, 41.31255344783832], [-72.1848178109701, 41.32762129513297], [-72.17533876521745, 41.32679941255328], [-72.16744869245224, 41.30570442634073], [-72.15035353479428, 41.31551222512526], [-72.14761392619523, 41.32548440042575], [-72.14394285067254, 41.30274564905378], [-72.11249214395565, 41.29891019701514], [-72.09030131430347, 41.31551222512526], [-72.08843695748531, 41.32339903350462], [-72.0998899444001, 41.336935964369715], [-72.09210945597884, 41.34438769975909], [-72.09923243833633, 41.34937378740931], [-72.08597273271701, 41.367729165022844], [-72.07868537384358, 41.32838838554074], [-72.06652151166386, 41.31529305643735], [-72.05550828509575, 41.31748474331659], [-72.0551755981885, 41.3286508270778], [-72.0526042999808, 41.318306625896305], [-72.04367317594794, 41.322909168342676], [-72.03539955797886, 41.33622366613397], [-72.03682415445036, 41.323731050922376], [-72.0466319532349, 41.32016955974362], [-72.0347420519151, 41.31271782435429], [-72.01589354475375, 41.32258041531079], [-72.01161975533925, 41.30712902281224], [-72.00526386338949, 41.30636193240452], [-71.9995654775035, 41.31737515897261], [-71.99940110098754, 41.301649805614176], [-72.01331831267065, 41.30038958565863], [-72.01320872832669, 41.28619841311561], [-71.99929151664361, 41.28817093130693], [-71.99457938985327, 41.26992513803737], [-72.0077295111286, 41.26017213142484], [-72.0126060144349, 41.26384320694752], [-72.00729117375278, 41.27085660496103], [-72.020824840232, 41.276116653471206], [-72.02235902104745, 41.262254233960086], [-72.02871491299722, 41.263459661743646], [-72.03854491854008, 41.24899862455118], [-72.0029077999943, 41.25261081169149], [-71.99123706736245, 41.260994014004524], [-71.99918193229963, 41.24756993186928], [-71.99923672447161, 41.19354485029635], [-72.1901326516522, 41.189764190429685], [-72.21226868913239, 41.17825783431373], [-72.20777573102997, 41.17086089109635], [-72.21298098736813, 41.16346394787899], [-72.2682662888966, 41.15502595339394], [-72.28486831700674, 41.159628495840316], [-72.32311325304923, 41.14012248261521], [-72.35450916759413, 41.14072519650701], [-72.38990491069363, 41.103959649107956], [-72.65044168846163, 41.106206128159165], [-72.65126357104135, 41.11749331558719], [-72.65729070995921, 41.11743852341521], [-72.65093481800946, 41.118369990338884], [-72.65082523366549, 41.153108227374624], [-72.64512684777951, 41.15886140543259], [-72.64578435384327, 41.21420149913303]]]}, \"properties\": {\"extentType\": \"Custom\", \"code\": \"\", \"name\": \"\", \"notes\": \"\", \"promotedForReuse\": false, \"abbreviation\": \"\", \"shortName\": \"\", \"description\": \"\"}, \"bbox\": [-72.65729070995921, 41.10330214304421, -71.99112748301849, 41.367729165022844], \"type\": \"Feature\", \"id\": \"3091921\"}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae707","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poppe, L.J.","contributorId":72782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"L.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Danforth, W. W.","contributorId":16386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danforth","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McMullen, K.Y.","contributorId":51857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMullen","given":"K.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Parker, Castle E.","contributorId":28684,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parker","given":"Castle","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12448,"text":"U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":351535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Doran, E. F.","contributorId":31066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doran","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70004823,"text":"70004823 - 2011 - Degradation of the disease-associated prion protein by a serine protease from lichens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-17T13:24:41","indexId":"70004823","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Degradation of the disease-associated prion protein by a serine protease from lichens","docAbstract":"The disease-associated prion protein (PrP(TSE)), the probable etiological agent of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), is resistant to degradation and can persist in the environment. Lichens, mutualistic symbioses containing fungi, algae, bacteria and occasionally cyanobacteria, are ubiquitous in the environment and have evolved unique biological activities allowing their survival in challenging ecological niches. We investigated PrP(TSE) inactivation by lichens and found acetone extracts of three lichen species (Parmelia sulcata, Cladonia rangiferina and Lobaria pulmonaria) have the ability to degrade prion protein (PrP) from TSE-infected hamsters, mice and deer. Immunoblots measuring PrP levels and protein misfolding cyclic amplification indicated at least two logs of reductions in PrP(TSE). Degradative activity was not found in closely related lichen species or in algae or a cyanobacterium that inhabit lichens. Degradation was blocked by Pefabloc SC, a serine protease inhibitor, but not inhibitors of other proteases or enzymes. Additionally, we found that PrP levels in PrP(TSE)-enriched preps or infected brain homogenates are also reduced following exposure to freshly-collected P. sulcata or an aqueous extract of the lichen. Our findings indicate that these lichen extracts efficiently degrade PrP(TSE) and suggest that some lichens could have potential to inactivate TSE infectivity on the landscape or be a source for agents to degrade prions. Further work to clone and characterize the protease, assess its effect on TSE infectivity and determine which organism or organisms present in lichens produce or influence the protease activity is warranted.","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"SAn Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1007/BF00048690","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C., Bennett, J.P., Biro, S., Duque-Velasquez, J., Rodriguez, C., Bessen, R.A., and Rocke, T., 2011, Degradation of the disease-associated prion protein by a serine protease from lichens: PLoS ONE, v. 6, no. 5, e19836; 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00048690.","productDescription":"e19836; 12 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204013,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":19160,"rank":9998,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00048690"}],"volume":"6","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db672350","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bartz, Jason C.","contributorId":113415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartz","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508259,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, C.J.","contributorId":55378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bennett, J. P.","contributorId":52103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Biro, S.M.","contributorId":13362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biro","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Duque-Velasquez, J.C.","contributorId":105420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duque-Velasquez","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rodriguez, C.M.","contributorId":6988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bessen, R. A.","contributorId":91611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bessen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rocke, Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":88680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70004753,"text":"sir20115074 - 2011 - Simulation of specific conductance and chloride concentration in Abercorn Creek, Georgia, 2000-2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-17T11:01:35","indexId":"sir20115074","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5074","title":"Simulation of specific conductance and chloride concentration in Abercorn Creek, Georgia, 2000-2009","docAbstract":"The City of Savannah operates an industrial and domestic water-supply intake on Abercorn Creek approximately 2 miles from the confluence with the Savannah River upstream from the Interstate 95 bridge. Chloride concentrations are a major concern for the city because industrial customers require water with low chloride concentrations, and elevated chloride concentrations require additional water treatment in order to meet those needs. The proposed deepening of Savannah Harbor could increase chloride concentrations (the major ion in seawater) in the upper reaches of the lower Savannah River estuary, including Abercorn Creek. To address this concern, mechanistic and empirical modeling approaches were used to simulate chloride concentrations at the city's intake to evaluate potential effects from deepening the Savannah Harbor. The first approach modified the mechanistic Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code (EFDC) model developed by Tetra Tech and used for evaluating proposed harbor deepening effects for the Environmental Impact Statement. Chloride concentrations were modeled directly with the EFDC model as a conservative tracer. This effort was done by Tetra Tech under a separate funding agreement with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and documented in a separate report. The second approach, described in this report, was to simulate chloride concentrations by developing empirical models from the available data using artificial neural network (ANN) and linear regression models. The empirical models used daily streamflow, specific conductance (field measurement for salinity), water temperature, and water color time series for inputs. Because there are only a few data points that describe the relation between high specific conductance values at the Savannah River at Interstate 95 and the water plant intake, there was a concern that these few data points would determine the extrapolation of the empirical model and potentially underestimate the effect of deepening the harbor on chloride concentrations at the intake. To accommodate these concerns, two ANN chloride models were developed for the intake. The first model (ANN M1e) used all the data. The second model (ANN M2e) only used data when specific conductance at Interstate 95 was less than 175 microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius. Deleting the conductivity data greater than 175 microsiemens per centimeter removed the \"plateau\" effect observed in the data. The chloride simulations with the ANN M1 model have a low sensitivity to specific conductance (salinity) at Interstate 95, whereas the chloride simulations with the ANN M2 model have a high sensitivity to salinity at Interstate 95. The two modeling approaches (Tetra Tech's EFDC model and the one described in this report) were integrated into a decision support system (DSS) that combines the historical database, output from EFDC, ANN models, ANN model simulation controls, streaming graphics, and model output. The DSS was developed as a Microsoft ExcelTM/Visual Basic for Applications program, which allowed the DSS to be prototyped, easily modified, and distributed in a familiar spreadsheet format. The EFDC and ANN models were used to simulate various harbor deepening scenarios. To accommodate the geometry changes in the harbor, the ANN models used the EFDC model-simulated salinity changes for a historical condition as input. The DSS uses a graphical user interface and allows the user to interrogate the ANN models and EFDC output. Two scenarios were simulated using the Savannah Chloride Model DSS to demonstrate different input options. One scenario decreased winter streamflows to a constant streamflow for 45 days. Streamflows during the period January 1 to February 15 were set to a constant 3,600 cubic feet per second for the simulation period of October 1, 2006, to October 1, 2009. The decreased winter streamflow resulted in predictions of increased specific conductance by as much as 50 microsiemens per centimeter and chlorid","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115074","usgsCitation":"Conrads, P., Roehl, E.A., and Davie, S.R., 2011, Simulation of specific conductance and chloride concentration in Abercorn Creek, Georgia, 2000-2009: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5074, viii, 40 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115074.","productDescription":"viii, 40 p.; Appendix","startPage":"i","endPage":"46","numberOfPages":"54","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2000-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116208,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5074.jpg"},{"id":21952,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5074/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"NAD 83","country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Abercorn Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.4,32 ], [ -81.4,32.55 ], [ -80.8,32.55 ], [ -80.8,32 ], [ -81.4,32 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f7e4b07f02db5f2289","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conrads, Paul 0000-0003-0408-4208 pconrads@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0408-4208","contributorId":764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrads","given":"Paul","email":"pconrads@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":351270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roehl, Edwin A. Jr.","contributorId":108083,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roehl","given":"Edwin","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davie, Steven R.","contributorId":74497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davie","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70003791,"text":"70003791 - 2011 - A beaded collar for dual micro GPS/VHF transmitter attachment to nutria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-18T14:50:32.0581","indexId":"70003791","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2652,"text":"Mammalia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A beaded collar for dual micro GPS/VHF transmitter attachment to nutria","docAbstract":"We report on the development of an approximately 85-g beaded collar for dual micro GPS/VHF transmitter attachment to semi-aquatic nutria (Myocastor coypus). Prototype collars were tested on captive nutria and refined during field trials. Central to the design was novel use of the VHF transmitter antenna as a collar. A circular collar was formed by passing the 44-cm antenna cable through a pre-made hole in the transmitter, leaving an approximately 16-cm upright antenna. GPS units were mounted separately via a hole in the base of each unit. For good satellite contact, GPS units (28 g) were maintained at the nape of the neck by counterbalance of the heavier VHF transmitters (50 g) positioned under the neck. To reduce friction, we lined the collar with alternate-sized plastic and, later, more durable nylon beads. The final collar configuration was worn for approximately 1 month deployments with only minor neck abrasion; one collar was worn successfully for 5 months. Foot entanglement remained the greatest risk of injury from the collar. By fitting collars tightly, we reduced the incidence of foot entanglement to 2 of 33 deployments (6%). Successful GPS tracks were acquired on 29 of 33 deployments (88%).","language":"English","publisher":"De Gruyter","doi":"10.1515/mamm.2010.070","usgsCitation":"Haramis, G., and White, T.S., 2011, A beaded collar for dual micro GPS/VHF transmitter attachment to nutria: Mammalia, v. 75, no. 1, p. 79-82, https://doi.org/10.1515/mamm.2010.070.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"79","endPage":"82","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203250,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b1294","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haramis, G. Michael mharamis@usgs.gov","contributorId":4001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haramis","given":"G. Michael","email":"mharamis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":348884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, T. S.","contributorId":91219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70003349,"text":"70003349 - 2011 - Customizing a rangefinder for community-based wildlife conservation initiatives","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-22T15:47:40.490362","indexId":"70003349","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1006,"text":"Biodiversity and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Customizing a rangefinder for community-based wildlife conservation initiatives","docAbstract":"<p><span>Population size of many threatened and endangered species is relatively unknown because estimating animal abundance in remote parts of the world, without access to aircraft for surveying vast areas, is a scientific challenge with few proposed solutions. One option is to enlist local community members and train them in data collection for large line transect or point count surveys, but financial and sometimes technological constraints prevent access to the necessary equipment and training for accurately quantifying distance measurements. Such measurements are paramount for generating reliable estimates of animal density. This problem was overcome in a survey of Asiatic wild ass (</span><i>Equus hemionus</i><span>) in the Great Gobi B Strictly Protected Area, Mongolia, by converting an inexpensive optical sporting rangefinder into a species-specific rangefinder with visual-based categorical labels. Accuracy trials concluded 96.86% of 350 distance measures matched those from a laser rangefinder. This simple customized optic subsequently allowed for a large group of minimally-trained observers to simultaneously record quantitative measures of distance, despite language, education, and skill differences among the diverse group. The large community-based effort actively engaged local residents in species conservation by including them as the foundation for collecting scientific data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10531-011-0040-1","usgsCitation":"Ransom, J.I., 2011, Customizing a rangefinder for community-based wildlife conservation initiatives: Biodiversity and Conservation, v. 20, no. 7, p. 1603-1609, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-011-0040-1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1603","endPage":"1609","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203915,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mongolia","otherGeospatial":"Great Gobi B Strictly Protected Area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              90.911865234375,\n              44.78573392716592\n            ],\n            [\n              94.669189453125,\n              44.78573392716592\n            ],\n            [\n              94.669189453125,\n              46.58906908309182\n            ],\n            [\n              90.911865234375,\n              46.58906908309182\n            ],\n            [\n              90.911865234375,\n              44.78573392716592\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fb00b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ransom, Jason I. 0000-0002-5930-4004","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5930-4004","contributorId":71645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ransom","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70004657,"text":"70004657 - 2011 - Complementary models of tree species-soil relationships in old-growth temperate forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-12T22:41:38.572533","indexId":"70004657","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Complementary models of tree species-soil relationships in old-growth temperate forests","docAbstract":"<p><span>Ecosystem-level studies identify plant–soil feedbacks as important controls on soil nutrient availability, particularly for nitrogen and phosphorus. Although site- and species-specific studies of tree species–soil relationships are relatively common, comparatively fewer studies consider multiple co-existing species in old-growth forests across a range of sites that vary in underlying soil fertility. We characterized patterns in forest floor and mineral soil nutrients associated with four common tree species across eight undisturbed old-growth forests in Oregon, USA, and used two complementary conceptual models to assess tree species–soil relationships. Plant–soil feedbacks that could reinforce site-level differences in nutrient availability were assessed using the context-dependent relationships model, whereby relative species-based differences in each soil nutrient diverged or converged as nutrient status changed across sites. Tree species–soil relationships that did not reflect strong feedbacks were evaluated using a site-independent relationships model, whereby forest floor and surface mineral soil nutrient pools differed consistently by tree species across sites, without variation in deeper mineral soils. We found that the organically cycled elements carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus exhibited context-dependent differences among species in both forest floor and mineral soil, and most often followed a divergence model, whereby species differences were greatest at high-nutrient sites. These patterns are consistent with theory emphasizing biotic control of these elements through plant–soil feedback mechanisms. Site-independent species differences were strongest for pools of the weatherable cations calcium, magnesium, potassium, as well as phosphorus, in mineral soils. Site-independent species differences in forest floor nutrients were attributable to one species that displayed significantly greater forest floor mass accumulation. Our findings confirm that site-independent and context-dependent tree species-soil relationships occur simultaneously in old-growth temperate forests, with context-dependent relationships strongest for organically cycled elements, and site-independent relationships strongest for weatherable elements with inorganic cycling phases. These models provide complementary explanations for patterns of nutrient accumulation and cycling in mixed-species old-growth temperate forests.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10021-010-9407-5","usgsCitation":"Cross, A., and Perakis, S., 2011, Complementary models of tree species-soil relationships in old-growth temperate forests: Ecosystems, v. 14, no. 2, p. 248-260, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-010-9407-5.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"248","endPage":"260","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204118,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.71679687499999,\n              43.02071359427862\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.89306640624999,\n              43.02071359427862\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.89306640624999,\n              45.47554027158593\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.71679687499999,\n              45.47554027158593\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.71679687499999,\n              43.02071359427862\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a385","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cross, Alison","contributorId":28730,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cross","given":"Alison","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perakis, Steven S. 0000-0003-0703-9314","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0703-9314","contributorId":16797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perakis","given":"Steven S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70003558,"text":"70003558 - 2011 - Alphacoronaviruses in New World Bats: Prevalence, Persistence, Phylogeny, and Potential for Interaction with Humans","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-17T11:15:55","indexId":"70003558","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Alphacoronaviruses in New World Bats: Prevalence, Persistence, Phylogeny, and Potential for Interaction with Humans","docAbstract":"Bats are reservoirs for many different coronaviruses (CoVs) as well as many other important zoonotic viruses. We sampled feces and/or anal swabs of 1,044 insectivorous bats of 2 families and 17 species from 21 different locations within Colorado from 2007 to 2009. We detected alphacoronavirus RNA in bats of 4 species: big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus), 10% prevalence; long-legged bats (Myotis volans), 8% prevalence; little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus), 3% prevalence; and western long-eared bats (Myotis evotis), 2% prevalence. Overall, juvenile bats were twice as likely to be positive for CoV RNA as adult bats. At two of the rural sampling sites, CoV RNAs were detected in big brown and long-legged bats during the three sequential summers of this study. CoV RNA was detected in big brown bats in all five of the urban maternity roosts sampled throughout each of the periods tested. Individually tagged big brown bats that were positive for CoV RNA and later sampled again all became CoV RNA negative. Nucleotide sequences in the RdRp gene fell into 3 main clusters, all distinct from those of Old World bats. Similar nucleotide sequences were found in amplicons from gene 1b and the spike gene in both a big-brown and a long-legged bat, indicating that a CoV may be capable of infecting bats of different genera. These data suggest that ongoing evolution of CoVs in bats creates the possibility of a continued threat for emergence into hosts of other species. Alphacoronavirus RNA was detected at a high prevalence in big brown bats in roosts in close proximity to human habitations (10%) and known to have direct contact with people (19%), suggesting that significant potential opportunities exist for cross-species transmission of these viruses. Further CoV surveillance studies in bats throughout the Americas are warranted.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco. CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0019156","usgsCitation":"Osborne, C., Cryan, P., O'Shea, T., Oko, L.M., Ndaluka, C., Calisher, C., Berglund, A.D., Klavetter, M.L., Holmes, K.V., and Dominguez, S.R., 2011, Alphacoronaviruses in New World Bats: Prevalence, Persistence, Phylogeny, and Potential for Interaction with Humans: PLoS ONE, v. 6, no. 5, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019156.","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474969,"rank":101,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019156","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":22514,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0019156","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":203954,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":265806,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019156"}],"country":"United States","volume":"6","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db687fa4","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Montgomery, Joel Mark","contributorId":113456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508208,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Osborne, Christina","contributorId":53931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osborne","given":"Christina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cryan, Paul M. 0000-0002-2915-8894","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2915-8894","contributorId":99685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cryan","given":"Paul M.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":347733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O'Shea, Thomas J. 0000-0002-0758-9730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0758-9730","contributorId":78071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Shea","given":"Thomas J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":347731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oko, Lauren M.","contributorId":51438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oko","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ndaluka, Christina","contributorId":49915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ndaluka","given":"Christina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Calisher, Charles H.","contributorId":35445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calisher","given":"Charles H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Berglund, Andrew D.","contributorId":64784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berglund","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Klavetter, Mead L.","contributorId":87273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klavetter","given":"Mead","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Holmes, Kathryn V.","contributorId":43091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Dominguez, Samuel R.","contributorId":103402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dominguez","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70034460,"text":"70034460 - 2011 - Estimating site occupancy rates for aquatic plants using spatial sub-sampling designs when detection probabilities are less than one","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-15T17:52:07.892043","indexId":"70034460","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":861,"text":"Aquatic Botany","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating site occupancy rates for aquatic plants using spatial sub-sampling designs when detection probabilities are less than one","docAbstract":"<p><span>Estimation of site occupancy rates when detection probabilities are &lt;1 is well established in wildlife science. Data from multiple visits to a sample of sites are used to estimate detection probabilities and the proportion of sites occupied by focal species. In this article we describe how site occupancy methods can be applied to estimate occupancy rates of plants and other sessile organisms. We illustrate this approach and the pitfalls of ignoring incomplete detection using spatial data for 2 aquatic vascular plants collected under the Upper Mississippi River's Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP). Site occupancy models considered include: a naïve model that ignores incomplete detection, a simple site occupancy model assuming a constant occupancy rate and a constant probability of detection across sites, several models that allow site occupancy rates and probabilities of detection to vary with habitat characteristics, and mixture models that allow for unexplained variation in detection probabilities. We used information theoretic methods to rank competing models and bootstrapping to evaluate the goodness-of-fit of the final models. Results of our analysis confirm that ignoring incomplete detection can result in biased estimates of occupancy rates. Estimates of site occupancy rates for 2 aquatic plant species were 19–36% higher compared to naive estimates that ignored probabilities of detection &lt;1. Simulations indicate that final models have little bias when 50 or more sites are sampled, and little gains in precision could be expected for sample sizes &gt;300. We recommend applying site occupancy methods for monitoring presence of aquatic species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2011.06.004","issn":"03043770","usgsCitation":"Nielson, R.M., Gray, B., McDonald, L., and Heglund, P., 2011, Estimating site occupancy rates for aquatic plants using spatial sub-sampling designs when detection probabilities are less than one: Aquatic Botany, v. 95, no. 3, p. 221-225, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2011.06.004.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"225","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":381361,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b44e4b0c8380cd52654","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nielson, R. M.","contributorId":22967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nielson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gray, B. R. 0000-0001-7682-9550","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-9550","contributorId":14785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"B. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDonald, L.L.","contributorId":19906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heglund, P.J.","contributorId":44505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heglund","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70136194,"text":"70136194 - 2011 - An individual and a sex odor signature in kittiwakes? Study of the semiochemical composition of preen secretion and preen down feathers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-08T10:07:35","indexId":"70136194","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-01T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3836,"text":"Naturwissenschaften","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An individual and a sex odor signature in kittiwakes? Study of the semiochemical composition of preen secretion and preen down feathers","docAbstract":"<p>The importance of olfaction in birds' social behavior has long been denied. Avian chemical signaling has thus been relatively unexplored. The black-legged kittiwake provides a particularly appropriate model for investigating this topic. Kittiwakes preferentially mate with genetically dissimilar individuals, but the cues used to assess genetic characteristics remain unknown. As in other vertebrates, their body odors may carry individual and sexual signatures thus potentially reliably signaling individual genetic makeup. Here, we test whether body odors in preen gland secretion and preen down feathers in kittiwakes may provide a sex and an individual signature. Using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, we found that male and female odors differ quantitatively, suggesting that scent may be one of the multiple cues used by birds to discriminate between sexes. We further detected an individual signature in the volatile and nonvolatile fractions of preen secretion and preen down feathers. These results suggest that kittiwake body odor may function as a signal associated with mate recognition. It further suggests that preen odor might broadcast the genetic makeup of individuals, and could be used in mate choice to assess the genetic compatibility of potential mates.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag Heidelberg","publisherLocation":"Heidelberg","doi":"10.1007/s00114-011-0809-9","usgsCitation":"Leclaire, S., Merkling, T., Raynaud, C., Giacinti, G., Bessiere, J., Hatch, S.A., and Danchin, E., 2011, An individual and a sex odor signature in kittiwakes? Study of the semiochemical composition of preen secretion and preen down feathers: Naturwissenschaften, v. 98, no. 7, p. 615-624, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-011-0809-9.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"615","endPage":"624","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-026626","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297077,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":296876,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00114-011-0809-9"}],"volume":"98","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b2ee4b08de9379b3296","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leclaire, Sarah","contributorId":46385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leclaire","given":"Sarah","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Merkling, Thomas","contributorId":19453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merkling","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Raynaud, C.","contributorId":46313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raynaud","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Giacinti, Geraldine","contributorId":138561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Giacinti","given":"Geraldine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bessiere, J.-M.","contributorId":107107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bessiere","given":"J.-M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Danchin, Etienne","contributorId":69034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danchin","given":"Etienne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":537849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70003365,"text":"70003365 - 2011 - Cold-induced mortality of invasive Burmese pythons in south Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-19T17:38:20","indexId":"70003365","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-23T10:50:02","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1018,"text":"Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cold-induced mortality of invasive Burmese pythons in south Florida","docAbstract":"<p>A recent record cold spell in southern Florida (2–11 January 2010) provided an opportunity to evaluate responses of an established population of Burmese pythons (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Python molurus bivittatus</i>) to a prolonged period of unusually cold weather. We observed behavior, characterized thermal biology, determined fate of radio-telemetered (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">n</i>&nbsp;=&nbsp;10) and non-telemetered (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">n</i>&nbsp;=&nbsp;104) Burmese pythons, and analyzed habitat and environmental conditions experienced by pythons during and after a historic cold spell. Telemetered pythons had been implanted with radio-transmitters and temperature-recording data loggers prior to the cold snap. Only one of 10 telemetered pythons survived the cold snap, whereas 59 of 99 (60%) non-telemetered pythons for which we determined fate survived. Body temperatures of eight dead telemetered pythons fluctuated regularly prior to 9 January 2010, then declined substantially during the cold period (9–11 January) and exhibited no further evidence of active thermoregulation indicating they were likely dead. Unusually cold temperatures in January 2010 were clearly associated with mortality of Burmese pythons in the Everglades. Some radio-telemetered pythons appeared to exhibit maladaptive behavior during the cold spell, including attempting to bask instead of retreating to sheltered refugia. We discuss implications of our findings for persistence and spread of introduced Burmese pythons in the United States and for maximizing their rate of removal.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10530-010-9797-5","usgsCitation":"Mazzotti, F., Cherkiss, M.S., Hart, K.M., Snow, R.W., Rochford, M., Dorcas, M.E., and Reed, R., 2011, Cold-induced mortality of invasive Burmese pythons in south Florida: Biological Invasions, v. 13, no. 1, p. 143-151, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-010-9797-5.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"151","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474984,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-010-9797-5","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204102,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.5,24 ], [ -81.5,26 ], [ -80.25,26 ], [ -80.25,24 ], [ -81.5,24 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"13","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-06-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae920","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mazzotti, Frank J.","contributorId":100018,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mazzotti","given":"Frank J.","affiliations":[{"id":12557,"text":"University of Florida, FLREC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":347031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cherkiss, Michael S. 0000-0002-7802-6791 mcherkiss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7802-6791","contributorId":4571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherkiss","given":"Michael","email":"mcherkiss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hart, Kristen M. 0000-0002-5257-7974 kristen_hart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5257-7974","contributorId":1966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Kristen","email":"kristen_hart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Snow, Ray W.","contributorId":76449,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snow","given":"Ray","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13415,"text":"Everglades National Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":347030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rochford, Michael R.","contributorId":6574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rochford","given":"Michael R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dorcas, Michael E.","contributorId":100515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dorcas","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12984,"text":"Department of Biology, Davidson College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":347032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Reed, Robert N.","contributorId":10115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Robert N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70004656,"text":"sir20115070 - 2011 - Effects of experimental passive artificial recharge of treated surface water on water quality in the Equus Beds Aquifer, 2009-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:40","indexId":"sir20115070","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-16T16:50:03","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5070","title":"Effects of experimental passive artificial recharge of treated surface water on water quality in the Equus Beds Aquifer, 2009-2010","docAbstract":"Declining water levels and concerns about the migration of a known saltwater plume upgradient from public supply wells prompted the City of Wichita to investigate the feasibility of using artificial recharge to replenish the water supply in the Equus Beds aquifer. After preliminary testing, the City of Wichita began Phase I of the Equus Beds Aquifer Storage and Recovery Project in 2006. In 2009, the City of Wichita installed an experimental passive gravity recharge well and trench system to increase artificial recharge at Recharge Basin 1, one of the six Phase ? recharge sites.\nThe U.S. Geological Survey collected water samples from 13 sites and maintained 8 continuous monitors to test the recharge capacity of the experimental passive recharge system, the effect of the recharge on geochemistry of the aquifer, and the fate of bacteria and viruses present in the recharge water. About 576,000 gallons of treated surface water from the Little Arkansas River were recharged through the passive recharge well and trench system into the Equus Beds aquifer during April 2009. In May 2009, U.S. Geological Survey tests detected that bacterial and viral indicators (total coliform, fecal coliform, Escherichia coli, coliphage virus, and Clostridium perfringens) were entering the Recharge Basin 1 wells through the recharge system and recharge was discontinued. The City of Wichita disconnected the trench collection system from the passive gravity recharge well in July 2009, and in July and August 2009 withdrew 1,825,000 gallons of water from the aquifer at Recharge Basin 1 to remove the recharged water and avoid contamination of the aquifer.\nThe original recharge rate in Recharge Basin 1 was about 10.8 gallons per day per square foot. After installation of the passive recharge system, recharge water entered the aquifer through the passive well at a rate of about 19.2 gallons per day per square foot, a per unit area increase of about 78 percent.\nDuring artificial recharge, continuous monitors recorded rising water-level altitudes in the passive gravity recharge well and nearby monitoring wells as water flowed at about 10 feet per day from the passive recharge well toward nearby downgradient monitoring wells. The increase in water level in this area would have the effect of temporarily slowing the eastward migration of saltwater from the nearby Burrton plume.\nBacterial and viral indicators were detected in water samples from Recharge Basin 1 sites before and immediately after the installation of the passive gravity recharge well and trench system, during artificial recharge, and after artificial recharge. After water withdrawal in August 2009 and through the end of data collection in March 2010, detections of bacterial and viral indicators in groundwater decreased to densities similar to those before installation of the passive recharge system.\nConcentrations of chloride in samples collected from the trench, passive gravity recharge well, and nearby monitoring wells increased from an average of 34 milligrams per liter before artificial recharge to an average of 64 milligrams per liter during artificial recharge, reflecting the addition of recharge water with measured chloride concentrations of 62 to 94 milligrams per liter. When water was being pumped out of the aquifer through the passive gravity recharge well, chloride concentrations increased to 94 milligrams per liter in the removed water and increased to 150 milligrams per liter in the deep monitoring well nearest the passive gravity recharge well, indicating that, as water was being pumped from the passive well, water with a large chloride concentration from elsewhere in the aquifer was flowing toward the passive well. Chloride concentrations did not exceed the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Secondary Drinking Water Regulation of 250 milligrams per liter in any Recharge Basin 1 samples collected as part of the study.\nIron concentrations exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","doi":"10.3133/sir20115070","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Wichita, Kansas as part of the Equus Beds Groundwater Recharge Project","usgsCitation":"Garinger, L.P., King, A.S., and Ziegler, A., 2011, Effects of experimental passive artificial recharge of treated surface water on water quality in the Equus Beds Aquifer, 2009-2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5070, ix, 106  p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115070.","productDescription":"ix, 106  p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2008-10-01","temporalEnd":"2010-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116091,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2011_5070.jpg"},{"id":21890,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5070/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98,37.666666666666664 ], [ -98,38.36666666666667 ], [ -97.3,38.36666666666667 ], [ -97.3,37.666666666666664 ], [ -98,37.666666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ee4b07f02db61596b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garinger, Linda Pickett","contributorId":92406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garinger","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"Pickett","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, Aaron S.","contributorId":25277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ziegler, Andrew C. aziegler@usgs.gov","contributorId":433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ziegler","given":"Andrew C.","email":"aziegler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":350999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70003970,"text":"70003970 - 2011 - Bayesian adaptive survey protocols for resource management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-18T14:32:47.869393","indexId":"70003970","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-07T16:50:09","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bayesian adaptive survey protocols for resource management","docAbstract":"<p><span>Transparency in resource management decisions requires a proper accounting of uncertainty at multiple stages of the decision‐making process. As information becomes available, periodic review and updating of resource management protocols reduces uncertainty and improves management decisions. One of the most basic steps to mitigating anthropogenic effects on populations is determining if a population of a species occurs in an area that will be affected by human activity. Species are rarely detected with certainty, however, and falsely declaring a species absent can cause improper conservation decisions or even extirpation of populations. We propose a method to design survey protocols for imperfectly detected species that accounts for multiple sources of uncertainty in the detection process, is capable of quantitatively incorporating expert opinion into the decision‐making process, allows periodic updates to the protocol, and permits resource managers to weigh the severity of consequences if the species is falsely declared absent. We developed our method using the giant gartersnake (</span><i>Thamnophis gigas</i><span>), a threatened species precinctive to the Central Valley of California, as a case study. Survey date was negatively related to the probability of detecting the giant gartersnake, and water temperature was positively related to the probability of detecting the giant gartersnake at a sampled location. Reporting sampling effort, timing and duration of surveys, and water temperatures would allow resource managers to evaluate the probability that the giant gartersnake occurs at sampled sites where it is not detected. This information would also allow periodic updates and quantitative evaluation of changes to the giant gartersnake survey protocol. Because it naturally allows multiple sources of information and is predicated upon the idea of updating information, Bayesian analysis is well‐suited to solving the problem of developing efficient sampling protocols for species of conservation concern.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","publisherLocation":"Malden, MA","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.55","usgsCitation":"Halstead, B., Wylie, G.D., Coates, P.S., and Casazza, M.L., 2011, Bayesian adaptive survey protocols for resource management: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 75, no. 2, p. 450-457, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.55.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"450","endPage":"457","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203833,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Central Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.564453125,\n              35.460669951495305\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.091796875,\n              36.77409249464195\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.47607421874999,\n              37.97884504049713\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.33300781249999,\n              39.33429742980725\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.27783203125,\n              40.39676430557203\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.6513671875,\n              39.9434364619742\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.25585937500001,\n              38.788345355085625\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.97021484374999,\n              38.25543637637947\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.2451171875,\n              37.61423141542417\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.62988281249999,\n              36.70365959719456\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.64111328125,\n              35.585851593232356\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.02587890624999,\n              35.37113502280101\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.564453125,\n              35.460669951495305\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"75","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9777","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Halstead, Brian J. 0000-0002-5535-6528 bhalstead@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-6528","contributorId":3051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halstead","given":"Brian J.","email":"bhalstead@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wylie, Glenn D. 0000-0002-7061-6658 glenn_wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7061-6658","contributorId":3052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coates, Peter S. 0000-0003-2672-9994 pcoates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9994","contributorId":3263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"Peter","email":"pcoates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70004537,"text":"sim3167 - 2011 - Geospatial characteristics of Florida's coastal and offshore environments: Coastal habitats, artificial reefs, wrecks, dumping grounds, harbor obstructions and offshore sand resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:58","indexId":"sim3167","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-03T13:23:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3167","title":"Geospatial characteristics of Florida's coastal and offshore environments: Coastal habitats, artificial reefs, wrecks, dumping grounds, harbor obstructions and offshore sand resources","docAbstract":"The Geospatial Characteristics GeoPDF of Florida's Coastal and Offshore Environments is a comprehensive collection of geospatial data describing the political boundaries and natural resources of Florida. This interactive map provides spatial information on bathymetry, sand resources, coastal habitats, artificial reefs, shipwrecks, dumping grounds, and harbor obstructions. The map should be useful to coastal resource managers and others interested in marine habitats and submerged obstructions of Florida's coastal region. In particular, as oil and gas explorations continue to expand, the map may be used to explore information regarding sensitive areas and resources in the State of Florida. Users of this geospatial database will have access to synthesized information in a variety of scientific disciplines concerning Florida's coastal zone. This powerful tool provides a one-stop assembly of data that can be tailored to fit the needs of many natural resource managers. The map was originally developed to assist the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation, and Enforcement (BOEMRE) and coastal resources managers with planning beach restoration projects. The BOEMRE uses a systematic approach in planning the development of submerged lands of the Continental Shelf seaward of Florida's territorial waters. Such development could affect the environment. BOEMRE is required to ascertain the existing physical, biological, and socioeconomic conditions of the submerged lands and estimate the impact of developing these lands. Data sources included the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, BOEMRE, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Florida Geographic Data Library, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Florida Natural Areas Inventory, and the State of Florida, Bureau of Archeological Research. Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) compliant metadata are provided as attached xml files for all geographic information system (GIS) layers.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3167","collaboration":"U.S. Geological Survey Terrestrial, Freshwater and Marine Ecosystem Program","usgsCitation":"Demopoulos, A., Foster, A.M., Jones, M.L., and Gualtieri, D.J., 2011, Geospatial characteristics of Florida's coastal and offshore environments: Coastal habitats, artificial reefs, wrecks, dumping grounds, harbor obstructions and offshore sand resources: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3167, ii, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3167.","productDescription":"ii, 7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116283,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3167.jpg"},{"id":21825,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3167/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.25,24.25 ], [ -87.25,31 ], [ -90,31 ], [ -90,24.25 ], [ -87.25,24.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b18b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Demopoulos, Amanda W.J. 0000-0003-2096-4694","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2096-4694","contributorId":28938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demopoulos","given":"Amanda W.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foster, Ann M. amfoster@usgs.gov","contributorId":3545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Ann","email":"amfoster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Michal L.","contributorId":11179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Michal","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gualtieri, Daniel J.","contributorId":69518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gualtieri","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70126415,"text":"70126415 - 2011 - Comparative mitochondrial genetics of North American and Eurasian mergansers with an emphasis on the endangered scaly-sided merganser (Mergus squamatus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-14T13:44:59","indexId":"70126415","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-01T09:46:01","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Comparative mitochondrial genetics of North American and Eurasian mergansers with an emphasis on the endangered scaly-sided merganser (<i>Mergus squamatus</i>)","title":"Comparative mitochondrial genetics of North American and Eurasian mergansers with an emphasis on the endangered scaly-sided merganser (Mergus squamatus)","docAbstract":"<p><span>The scaly-sided merganser,&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Mergus squamatus</i><span>, is considered one of the most threatened sea duck species in the Palearctic with limited breeding and wintering distribution in China and Russia. To provide information for future conservation efforts, we sequenced a portion of the mitochondrial (mt) DNA control region in four species of mergansers and three additional sea duck taxa to characterize the evolutionary history of the scaly-sided merganser, infer population trends that may have led to its limited geographic distribution, and to compare indices of genetic diversity among species of mergansers. Scaly-sided mergansers exhibit substantially lower levels of mtDNA genetic diversity (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">h</i><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.292,<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">π</i><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.0007) than other closely related sea ducks and many other avian taxa. The four haplotypes observed differed by a single base pair suggesting that the species has not experienced a recent population decline but has instead been at a low population level for some time. A phylogenetic analysis placed the scaly-sided merganser basal to North American and European forms of the common merganser,<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">M. merganser</i><span>. Our inclusion of a small number of male samples doubled the number of mtDNA haplotypes observed, suggesting that additional genetic variation likely exists within the global population if there is immigration of males from unsampled breeding areas.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10592-010-0180-y","usgsCitation":"Solovyeva, D.V., and Pearce, J.M., 2011, Comparative mitochondrial genetics of North American and Eurasian mergansers with an emphasis on the endangered scaly-sided merganser (Mergus squamatus): Conservation Genetics, v. 12, no. 3, p. 839-844, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-010-0180-y.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"839","endPage":"844","ipdsId":"IP-024456","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294290,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5422bb1ee4b08312ac7cefa9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Solovyeva, Diana V.","contributorId":106033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solovyeva","given":"Diana","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70157330,"text":"70157330 - 2011 - The role of critical zone processes in the evolution of the Prairie Pothole Region wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-27T16:07:30.335341","indexId":"70157330","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of critical zone processes in the evolution of the Prairie Pothole Region wetlands","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Prairie Pothole Region, which occupies 900,000 km2 of the north central USA and south central Canada, is one of the most important ecosystems in North America. It is characterized by millions of small wetlands whose chemistry is highly variable over short distances. The study involved the geochemistry of surface sediments, wetland water, and groundwater in the Cottonwood Lakes area of North Dakota, USA, whose 92 ha includes the dominant wetland hydrologic settings. The data show that oxygenated groundwater interacting with pyrite resident in a component of surficial glacial till derived from the marine Pierre Shale Formation has, over long periods of time, focused SO 4 2 - -bearing fluids from upland areas to topographically low areas. In these low areas, SO 4 2 - -enriched groundwater and wetlands have evolved, as has the CaSO4 mineral gypsum. Sulfur isotope data support the conclusion that isotopically light pyrite from marine shale is the source of SO 4 2 - . Literature data on wetland water composition suggests that this process has taken place over a large area in North Dakota.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ScienceDirect","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.03.022","usgsCitation":"Goldhaber, M.B., Mills, C.T., Stricker, C.A., and Morrison, J.M., 2011, The role of critical zone processes in the evolution of the Prairie Pothole Region wetlands: Applied Geochemistry, v. 26, p. S32-S35, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.03.022.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"S32","endPage":"S35","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-027231","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":391015,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Cottonwood Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -100.68798065185547,\n              47.86431329517594\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.68798065185547,\n              47.89378732159004\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.65210342407227,\n              47.89378732159004\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.65210342407227,\n              47.86431329517594\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.68798065185547,\n              47.86431329517594\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"26","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fd35bfe4b05d6c4e502c81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldhaber, Martin B. 0000-0002-1785-4243 mgold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1785-4243","contributorId":1339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldhaber","given":"Martin","email":"mgold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mills, Christopher T. 0000-0001-8414-1414 cmills@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8414-1414","contributorId":147396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"Christopher","email":"cmills@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stricker, Craig A. 0000-0002-5031-9437 cstricker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5031-9437","contributorId":1097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stricker","given":"Craig","email":"cstricker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morrison, Jean M. 0000-0002-6614-8783 jmorrison@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6614-8783","contributorId":994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"Jean","email":"jmorrison@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70040337,"text":"70040337 - 2011 - The Haleakala Argentine ant project: A synthesis of past research and prospects for the future","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-27T19:22:33.391439","indexId":"70040337","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":414,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"seriesNumber":"173","title":"The Haleakala Argentine ant project: A synthesis of past research and prospects for the future","docAbstract":"<p>1. The Haleakala Argentine Ant Project is an ongoing effort to study the ecology of the invasive Argentine ant in the park, and if possible to develop a strategy to control this destructive species. 2. Past research has demonstrated that the Argentine ant causes very significant impacts on native arthropods where it invades, threatening a large portion of the park&rsquo;s biodiversity in subalpine shrubland and alpine aeolian ecosystems. 3. Patterns of spread over the past 30+ years indicate that the invasion process is influenced to a substantial degree by abiotic factors such as elevation, rainfall and temperature, and that the ant has not reached its potential range. Predictions of total range in the park suggest that it has only invaded a small fraction of available suitable habitat, confirming that this species is one of most serious threats to the park&rsquo;s natural resources. 4. Numerous experiments have been conducted since 1994 in an attempt to develop a method for eradicating the Argentine ant at Haleakala using pesticidal ant baits. Thirty baits have been screened for attractiveness to ants in the park, and ten of these were tested for effectiveness of control in field plots. While some of these baits have been very effective in reducing numbers of ants, none has been able to eliminate all nests in experimental plots. 5. Research into a secondary management goal of ant population containment was initiated in 1996. By treating only expanding margins of the park&rsquo;s two ant populations with an ant pesticide, rates of outward spread were substantially reduced in some areas. While this strategy was implemented from 1997 to 2004, it was ultimately discontinued after 2004 because of the difficulty and insufficient effectiveness of the technique. 6. In order to achieve the types of results necessary for eradication, the project would probably need to explore the possibility of developing a specialized bait, rather than relying on a commercially produced bait. An alternative would be to pursue approval to use Xstinguish bait, a commercial bait manufactured in New Zealand and not registered for use in the US, which has yielded good results against Argentine ants. Either route would involve significant regulatory hurdles. Because the baits ultimately used would likely be liquid or paste in form, there would also be major logistical challenges in devising methods to successfully apply the baits across the two large ant populations at Haleakala.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii at Manoa","publisherLocation":"Honolulu, Hawaii","usgsCitation":"Krushelnycky, P., Haines, W., Loope, L., and Van Gelder, E., 2011, The Haleakala Argentine ant project: A synthesis of past research and prospects for the future: Technical Report 173, 124 p.","productDescription":"124 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-029283","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326177,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":378784,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/33202"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a5b8dde4b0ebae89b78a84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krushelnycky, Paul","contributorId":119780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krushelnycky","given":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haines, William","contributorId":116979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haines","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loope, Lloyd","contributorId":29781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loope","given":"Lloyd","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Van Gelder, Ellen","contributorId":121491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Gelder","given":"Ellen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70173710,"text":"70173710 - 2011 - Mechanisms influencing changes in lake area in Alaskan boreal forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-22T14:42:07","indexId":"70173710","displayToPublicDate":"2011-05-25T06:30:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mechanisms influencing changes in lake area in Alaskan boreal forest","docAbstract":"<p>During the past &sim;50 years, the number and area of lakes have declined in several regions in boreal forests. However, there has been substantial finer-scale heterogeneity; some lakes decreased in area, some showed no trend, and others increased. The objective of this study was to identify the primary mechanisms underlying heterogeneous trends in closed-basin lake area. Eight lake characteristics (<i>&delta;</i><sup>18</sup>O, electrical conductivity, surface&nbsp;:&nbsp;volume index, bank slope, floating mat width, peat depth, thaw depth at shoreline, and thaw depth at the forest boundary) were compared for 15 lake pairs in Alaskan boreal forest where one lake had decreased in area since &sim;1950, and the other had not. Mean differences in characteristics between paired lakes were used to identify the most likely of nine mechanistic scenarios that combined three potential mechanisms for decreasing lake area (talik drainage, surface water evaporation, and terrestrialization) with three potential mechanisms for nondecreasing lake area (subpermafrost groundwater recharge through an open talik, stable permafrost, and thermokarst). <i>A priori</i> expectations of the direction of mean differences between decreasing and nondecreasing paired lakes were generated for each scenario. Decreasing lakes had significantly greater electrical conductivity, greater surface&nbsp;:&nbsp;volume indices, shallower bank slopes, wider floating mats, greater peat depths, and shallower thaw depths at the forest boundary. These results indicated that the most likely scenario was terrestrialization as the mechanism for lake area reduction combined with thermokarst as the mechanism for nondecreasing lake area. Terrestrialization and thermokarst may have been enhanced by recent warming which has both accelerated permafrost thawing and lengthened the growing season, thereby increasing plant growth, floating mat encroachment, transpiration rates, and the accumulation of organic matter in lake basins. The transition to peatlands associated with terrestrialization may provide a transient increase in carbon storage enhancing the role of northern ecosystems as major stores of global carbon.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02446.x","usgsCitation":"Roach, J., Griffith, B., Verbyla, D., and Jones, J.B., 2011, Mechanisms influencing changes in lake area in Alaskan boreal forest: Global Change Biology, v. 17, no. 8, p. 2567-2583, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02446.x.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"2567","endPage":"2583","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-022219","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324242,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -158.9501953125,\n              62.85514553774182\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.9501953125,\n              66.87834504307976\n            ],\n            [\n              -142.294921875,\n              66.87834504307976\n            ],\n            [\n              -142.294921875,\n              62.85514553774182\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.9501953125,\n              62.85514553774182\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576bb6b8e4b07657d1a22902","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roach, Jennifer K.","contributorId":30861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roach","given":"Jennifer K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Griffith, Brad 0000-0001-8698-6859","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8698-6859","contributorId":82571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffith","given":"Brad","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":108,"text":"Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Verbyla, David","contributorId":87795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verbyla","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, Jeremy B.","contributorId":113650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70005228,"text":"70005228 - 2011 - Estimating occupancy dynamics in an anuran assemblage from Louisiana, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-28T09:35:43","indexId":"70005228","displayToPublicDate":"2011-05-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating occupancy dynamics in an anuran assemblage from Louisiana, USA","docAbstract":"Effective monitoring programs are designed to track changes in the distribution, occurrence, and abundance of species. We developed an extension of Royle and K&eacute;ry's (2007) single species model to estimate simultaneously temporal changes in probabilities of detection, occupancy, colonization, extinction, and species turnover using data on calling anuran amphibians, collected from 2002 to 2006 in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley of Louisiana, USA. During our 5-year study, estimates of occurrence probabilities declined for all 12 species detected. These declines occurred primarily in conjunction with variation in estimates of local extinction probabilities (cajun chorus frog [<i>Pseudacris fouquettei</i>], spring peeper [<i>P. crucifer</i>], northern cricket frog [<i>Acris crepitans</i>], Cope's gray treefrog [<i>Hyla chrysoscelis</i>], green treefrog [<i>H. cinerea</i>], squirrel treefrog [<i>H. squirella</i>], southern leopard frog [<i>Lithobates sphenocephalus</i>], bronze frog [<i>L. clamitans</i>], American bullfrog [<i>L. catesbeianus</i>], and Fowler's toad [<i>Anaxyrus fowleri</i>]). For 2 species (eastern narrowmouthed toad [<i>Gastrophryne carolinensis</i>] and Gulf Coast toad [<i>Incilius nebulifer</i>]), declines in occupancy appeared to be a consequence of both increased local extinction and decreased colonization events. The eastern narrow-mouthed toad experienced a 2.5-fold increase in estimates of occupancy in 2004, possibly because of the high amount of rainfall received during that year, along with a decrease in extinction and increase in colonization of new sites between 2003 and 2004. Our model can be incorporated into monitoring programs to estimate simultaneously the occupancy dynamics for multiple species that show similar responses to ecological conditions. It will likely be an important asset for those monitoring programs that employ the same methods to sample assemblages of ecologically similar species, including those that are rare. By combining information from multiple species to decrease the variance on estimates of individual species, our results are advantageous compared to single-species models. This feature enables managers and researchers to use an entire community, rather than just one species, as an ecological indicator in monitoring programs.","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.97","usgsCitation":"Walls, S., Waddle, J., and Dorazio, R.M., 2011, Estimating occupancy dynamics in an anuran assemblage from Louisiana, USA: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 75, no. 4, p. 751-761, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.97.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"751","endPage":"761","temporalStart":"2002-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204251,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Atchafalaya Basin, Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.8731689453125,\n              29.89304338543419\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.8731689453125,\n              30.576450026618076\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.373291015625,\n              30.576450026618076\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.373291015625,\n              29.89304338543419\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.8731689453125,\n              29.89304338543419\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"75","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc9db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walls, Susan C. 0000-0001-7391-9155","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-9155","contributorId":52284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walls","given":"Susan C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waddle, J. Hardin 0000-0003-1940-2133","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1940-2133","contributorId":89982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddle","given":"J. Hardin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dorazio, Robert M. 0000-0003-2663-0468 bob_dorazio@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2663-0468","contributorId":1668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorazio","given":"Robert","email":"bob_dorazio@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":352104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70043902,"text":"70043902 - 2011 - Degradation of the disease-associated prion protein by a serine protease from lichens.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-31T16:54:26.155979","indexId":"70043902","displayToPublicDate":"2011-05-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Degradation of the disease-associated prion protein by a serine protease from lichens.","docAbstract":"<p><span>The disease-associated prion protein (PrP</span><sup>TSE</sup><span>), the probable etiological agent of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), is resistant to degradation and can persist in the environment. Lichens, mutualistic symbioses containing fungi, algae, bacteria and occasionally cyanobacteria, are ubiquitous in the environment and have evolved unique biological activities allowing their survival in challenging ecological niches. We investigated PrP</span><sup>TSE</sup><span>&nbsp;inactivation by lichens and found acetone extracts of three lichen species (</span><i>Parmelia sulcata</i><span>,&nbsp;</span><i>Cladonia rangiferina</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>Lobaria pulmonaria</i><span>) have the ability to degrade prion protein (PrP) from TSE-infected hamsters, mice and deer. Immunoblots measuring PrP levels and protein misfolding cyclic amplification indicated at least two logs of reductions in PrP</span><sup>TSE</sup><span>. Degradative activity was not found in closely related lichen species or in algae or a cyanobacterium that inhabit lichens. Degradation was blocked by Pefabloc SC, a serine protease inhibitor, but not inhibitors of other proteases or enzymes. Additionally, we found that PrP levels in PrP</span><sup>TSE</sup><span>-enriched preps or infected brain homogenates are also reduced following exposure to freshly-collected&nbsp;</span><i>P. sulcata</i><span>&nbsp;or an aqueous extract of the lichen. Our findings indicate that these lichen extracts efficiently degrade PrP</span><sup>TSE</sup><span>&nbsp;and suggest that some lichens could have potential to inactivate TSE infectivity on the landscape or be a source for agents to degrade prions. Further work to clone and characterize the protease, assess its effect on TSE infectivity and determine which organism or organisms present in lichens produce or influence the protease activity is warranted.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0019836","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C.J., Bennett, J.P., Biro, S., Duque-Velasquez, J., Rodriguez, C.M., Bessen, R.A., and Rocke, T.E., 2011, Degradation of the disease-associated prion protein by a serine protease from lichens.: PLoS ONE, v. 6, no. 5, e19836, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019836.","productDescription":"e19836, 12 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-040899","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475004,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019836","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":267989,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan, Minnesota, Oregon, 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,{"id":70174159,"text":"70174159 - 2011 - Movement and spawning of American shad transported above dams on the Roanoke River, North Carolina and Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-18T15:35:33","indexId":"70174159","displayToPublicDate":"2011-04-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movement and spawning of American shad transported above dams on the Roanoke River, North Carolina and Virginia","docAbstract":"<p><span>American shad&nbsp;</span><i>Alosa sapidissima</i><span>&nbsp;are in decline throughout much of their native range as a result of overfishing, pollution, and habitat alteration in coastal rivers where they spawn. One approach to restoration in regulated rivers is to provide access to historical spawning habitat above dams through a trap-and-transport program. We examined the initial survival, movement patterns, spawning, and downstream passage of sonic-tagged adult American shad transported to reservoir and riverine habitats upstream of hydroelectric dams on the Roanoke River, North Carolina and Virginia, during 2007&ndash;2009. Average survival to release in 2007&ndash;2008 was 85%, but survival decreased with increasing water temperature. Some tagged fish released in reservoirs migrated upstream to rivers; however, most meandered back and forth within the reservoir. A higher percentage of fish migrated through a smaller (8,215-ha) than a larger (20,234-ha) reservoir, suggesting that the population-level effects of transport may depend on upper basin characteristics. Transported American shad spent little time in upper basin rivers but were there when temperatures were appropriate for spawning. No American shad eggs were collected during weekly plankton sampling in upper basin rivers. The estimated initial survival of sonic-tagged American shad after downstream passage through each dam was 71&ndash;100%; however, only 1% of the detected fish migrated downstream through all three dams and many were relocated just upstream of a dam late in the season. Although adult American shad were successfully transported to upstream habitats in the Roanoke River basin, under present conditions transported individuals may have reduced effective fecundity and postspawning survival compared with nontransported fish that spawn in the lower Roanoke River.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KA","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2011.572806","usgsCitation":"Harris, J., and Hightower, J.E., 2011, Movement and spawning of American shad transported above dams on the Roanoke River, North Carolina and Virginia: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 31, no. 2, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2011.572806.","productDescription":"17 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-023896","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325394,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Roanoke River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.18920898437499,\n              37.339591851359174\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.771728515625,\n              37.487935401689846\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.277587890625,\n              36.72567681977065\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.5799560546875,\n              36.48755716938579\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.4588623046875,\n              36.28856319836237\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.9862060546875,\n              36.491973470593685\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.38720703125,\n              36.47872381162464\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.18920898437499,\n              37.339591851359174\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"578dfdb5e4b0f1bea0e0f8af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, Julianne E.","contributorId":57687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Julianne E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hightower, Joseph E. jhightower@usgs.gov","contributorId":835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hightower","given":"Joseph","email":"jhightower@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036962,"text":"70036962 - 2011 - Exploring sensitivity of a multistate occupancy model to inform management decisions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-15T20:08:02.653722","indexId":"70036962","displayToPublicDate":"2011-04-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exploring sensitivity of a multistate occupancy model to inform management decisions","docAbstract":"<p><strong>1.</strong><span>&nbsp;</span>Dynamic occupancy models are often used to investigate questions regarding the processes that influence patch occupancy and are prominent in the fields of population and community ecology and conservation biology. Recently, multistate occupancy models have been developed to investigate dynamic systems involving more than one occupied state, including reproductive states, relative abundance states and joint habitat‐occupancy states. Here we investigate the sensitivities of the equilibrium‐state distribution of multistate occupancy models to changes in transition rates.</p><p><strong>2.</strong><span>&nbsp;</span>We develop equilibrium occupancy expressions and their associated sensitivity metrics for dynamic multistate occupancy models. To illustrate our approach, we use two examples that represent common multistate occupancy systems. The first example involves a three‐state dynamic model involving occupied states with and without successful reproduction (California spotted owl<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Strix occidentalis occidentalis</i>), and the second involves a novel way of using a multistate occupancy approach to accommodate second‐order Markov processes (wood frog<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Lithobates sylvatica</i><span>&nbsp;</span>breeding and metamorphosis).</p><p><strong>3.</strong><span>&nbsp;</span>In many ways, multistate sensitivity metrics behave in similar ways as standard occupancy sensitivities. When equilibrium occupancy rates are low, sensitivity to parameters related to colonisation is high, while sensitivity to persistence parameters is greater when equilibrium occupancy rates are high. Sensitivities can also provide guidance for managers when estimates of transition probabilities are not available.</p><p><strong>4.</strong><span>&nbsp;</span><i>Synthesis and applications.</i><span>&nbsp;</span>Multistate models provide practitioners a flexible framework to define multiple, distinct occupied states and the ability to choose which state, or combination of states, is most relevant to questions and decisions about their own systems. In addition to standard multistate occupancy models, we provide an example of how a second‐order Markov process can be modified to fit a multistate framework. Assuming the system is near equilibrium, our sensitivity analyses illustrate how to investigate the sensitivity of the system‐specific equilibrium state(s) to changes in transition rates. Because management will typically act on these transition rates, sensitivity analyses can provide valuable information about the potential influence of different actions and when it may be prudent to shift the focus of management among the various transition rates.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.01995.x","issn":"00218901","usgsCitation":"Green, A., Bailey, L., and Nichols, J., 2011, Exploring sensitivity of a multistate occupancy model to inform management decisions: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 48, no. 4, p. 1007-1016, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.01995.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1007","endPage":"1016","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":381389,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e26e4b0c8380cd53306","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Green, A.W.","contributorId":34863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"A.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailey, L.L. 0000-0002-5959-2018","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5959-2018","contributorId":61006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"L.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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