From the Arctic to the Antarctic, plants thrive in diverse habitats that impose different levels of adaptive pressures depending on the type and degree of biotic and abiotic stresses inherent to each habitat (Stevens, 1989). At any particular location, the abundance and distribution of individual plant species vary tremendously and is theorized to be based on the ability to tolerate a wide range of edaphic conditions and habitat-specific stresses (Pianka, 1966). The ability of individual plant species to thrive in diverse habitats is commonly referred to as phenotypic plasticity and is thought to involve adaptations based on changes in the plant genome (Givnish, 2002; Pan et al., 2006; Robe and Griffiths, 2000; Schurr et al., 2006). Habitats that impose high levels of abiotic stress are typically colonized with fewer plant species compared to habitats imposing low levels of stress. Moreover, high stress habitats have decreased levels of plant abundance compared to low stress habitats even though these habitats may occur in close proximity to one another (Perelman et al., 2007). This is particularly interesting because all plants are known to perceive, transmit signals, and respond to abiotic stresses such as drought, heat, and salinity (Bartels and Sunkar, 2005; Bohnert et al., 1995). Although there has been extensive research performed to determine the genetic, molecular, and physiological bases of how plants respond to and tolerate stress, the nature of plant adaptation to high stress habitats remains unresolved (Leone et al., 2003; Maggio et al., 2003; Tuberosa et al., 2003). However, recent evidence indicates that a ubiquitous aspect of plant biology (fungal symbiosis) is involved in the adaptation and survival of at least some plants in high stress habitats (Rodriguez et al., 2008).
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Symbioses and Stress","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/978-90-481-9449-0_23","usgsCitation":"Rodriguez, R.J., Woodward, C., and Redman, R.S., 2010, Adaptation and survival of plants in high stress habitats via fungal endophyte conferred stress tolerance, chap. of Symbioses and Stress, p. 461-476, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9449-0_23.","productDescription":"16 p. ","startPage":"461","endPage":"476","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332586,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5864dd50e4b0cd2dabe7c1d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodriguez, Rusty J.","contributorId":62497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Rusty","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woodward, Claire","contributorId":152045,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodward","given":"Claire","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Redman, Regina S. 0000-0001-5108-7570","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5108-7570","contributorId":75829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Redman","given":"Regina","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":656740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":98639,"text":"sim3128 - 2010 - Sedimentation Survey of Lago Patillas, Puerto Rico, March 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-10-08T17:16:12","indexId":"sim3128","displayToPublicDate":"2010-08-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3128","title":"Sedimentation Survey of Lago Patillas, Puerto Rico, March 2007","docAbstract":"Lago Patillas is a reservoir located on the confluence of Rio Grande de Patillas and Rio Marin, in the municipality of Patillas in southern Puerto Rico, about 3 kilometers north of the town of Patillas and about 8 kilometers northeast of the town of Arroyo (fig. 1). The dam is owned and operated by the Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority (PREPA) and was constructed in 1914 for the irrigation of croplands in the southern coastal plains of Puerto Rico along the towns of Arroyo, Guayama, Patillas, and Salinas. Irrigation releases are made through the outlet works into the Patillas Irrigation Canal that extends 32.2 kilometers from the Patillas dam to Rio Salinas. The dam is a semi-hydraulic earthfill with a structural height of 44.80 meters, a top width of 4.57 meters, a base width of 190.49 meters, and a crest length of 325.21 meters. The spillway structure is physically separated from the earthfill dam, has an elevation of 58.21 meters above mean sea level, and has three radial arm gates (Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority, 1979). The reservoir impounds the waters of the Rio Grande de Patillas and Rio Marin. The reservoir has a drainage area of 66.3 square kilometers. Additional information and operational procedures are listed in Soler-Lopez and others (1999). During March 14-15, 2007, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Caribbean Water Science Center (CWSC), in cooperation with the PREPA conducted a bathymetric survey of Lago Patillas to update the reservoir storage capacity and update the reservoir sedimentation rate by comparing the 2007 bathymetric survey data with previous 1997 data. The purpose of this report is to update the reservoir storage capacity, sedimentation rates, and areas of substantial sediment accumulation since April 1997.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3128","usgsCitation":"Soler-Lopez, L.R., 2010, Sedimentation Survey of Lago Patillas, Puerto Rico, March 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3128, 1 Plate: 36.34 x 23.97 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3128.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 36.34 x 23.97 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":14040,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3128/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":115997,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3128.jpg"},{"id":262457,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3128/SIM-3128.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"projection":"Lambert Conic Conformal Projection","datum":"Puerto Rico Datum (1940 adjustment)","country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lago Patillas;Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -66.03333333333333,18.016666666666666 ], [ -66.03333333333333,18.033333333333335 ], [ -66.00083333333333,18.033333333333335 ], [ -66.00083333333333,18.016666666666666 ], [ -66.03333333333333,18.016666666666666 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d0e4b07f02db546571","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soler-Lopez, Luis R.","contributorId":27501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soler-Lopez","given":"Luis","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":98635,"text":"ds515 - 2010 - Can prescribed fire be used to control Yellow Sweetclover (Meliotus officinalis) in a cool-season mixed-grass prairie?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:43","indexId":"ds515","displayToPublicDate":"2010-08-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"515","title":"Can prescribed fire be used to control Yellow Sweetclover (Meliotus officinalis) in a cool-season mixed-grass prairie?","docAbstract":"This report summarizes the results of a study on the effects of early- versus late-season fire on yellow sweetclover. The study was motivated by a desire to develop realistic management methods for yellow sweetclover at Badlands National Park. Limitations imposed by an inability to apply fire treatments at the times required made it impossible to test the hypothesis that late summer fires would be effective at reducing sweetclover. Nonetheless, I summarize data on yellow sweetclover stem counts, cover of plant species, and proportion of native and exotic cover with respect to the fire treatments in this report. In addition, I present results of a germination study, in which scarified sweetclover seeds were planted at 2-week intervals. The data summarized in the report, and included in the accompanying spreadsheet, may prove useful in future studies of effects of fire on prairie vegetation in general, and yellow sweetclover in particular.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds515","usgsCitation":"Larson, D.L., 2010, Can prescribed fire be used to control Yellow Sweetclover (Meliotus officinalis) in a cool-season mixed-grass prairie?: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 515, iv, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds515.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":115987,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_515.jpg"},{"id":14036,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/515/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49ffe4b07f02db5f7ae4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, Diane L. 0000-0001-5202-0634 dlarson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5202-0634","contributorId":2120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Diane","email":"dlarson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":98644,"text":"sir20105123 - 2010 - Steady-state and transient models of groundwater flow and advective transport, Eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory and vicinity, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:32","indexId":"sir20105123","displayToPublicDate":"2010-08-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5123","title":"Steady-state and transient models of groundwater flow and advective transport, Eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory and vicinity, Idaho","docAbstract":"Three-dimensional steady-state and transient models of groundwater flow and advective transport in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer were developed by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy. The steady-state and transient flow models cover an area of 1,940 square miles that includes most of the 890 square miles of the Idaho National Laboratory (INL). A 50-year history of waste disposal at the INL has resulted in measurable concentrations of waste contaminants in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer. Model results can be used in numerical simulations to evaluate the movement of contaminants in the aquifer.\r\n\r\nSaturated flow in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer was simulated using the MODFLOW-2000 groundwater flow model. Steady-state flow was simulated to represent conditions in 1980 with average streamflow infiltration from 1966-80 for the Big Lost River, the major variable inflow to the system. The transient flow model simulates groundwater flow between 1980 and 1995, a period that included a 5-year wet cycle (1982-86) followed by an 8-year dry cycle (1987-94). Specified flows into or out of the active model grid define the conditions on all boundaries except the southwest (outflow) boundary, which is simulated with head-dependent flow. In the transient flow model, streamflow infiltration was the major stress, and was variable in time and location. The models were calibrated by adjusting aquifer hydraulic properties to match simulated and observed heads or head differences using the parameter-estimation program incorporated in MODFLOW-2000. Various summary, regression, and inferential statistics, in addition to comparisons of model properties and simulated head to measured properties and head, were used to evaluate the model calibration. \r\n\r\nModel parameters estimated for the steady-state calibration included hydraulic conductivity for seven of nine hydrogeologic zones and a global value of vertical anisotropy. Parameters estimated for the transient calibration included specific yield for five of the seven hydrogeologic zones. The zones represent five rock units and parts of four rock units with abundant interbedded sediment. All estimates of hydraulic conductivity were nearly within 2 orders of magnitude of the maximum expected value in a range that exceeds 6 orders of magnitude. The estimate of vertical anisotropy was larger than the maximum expected value. All estimates of specific yield and their confidence intervals were within the ranges of values expected for aquifers, the range of values for porosity of basalt, and other estimates of specific yield for basalt. \r\n\r\nThe steady-state model reasonably simulated the observed water-table altitude, orientation, and gradients. Simulation of transient flow conditions accurately reproduced observed changes in the flow system resulting from episodic infiltration from the Big Lost River and facilitated understanding and visualization of the relative importance of historical differences in infiltration in time and space. As described in a conceptual model, the numerical model simulations demonstrate flow that is (1) dominantly horizontal through interflow zones in basalt and vertical anisotropy resulting from contrasts in hydraulic conductivity of various types of basalt and the interbedded sediments, (2) temporally variable due to streamflow infiltration from the Big Lost River, and (3) moving downward downgradient of the INL.\r\n\r\nThe numerical models were reparameterized, recalibrated, and analyzed to evaluate alternative conceptualizations or implementations of the conceptual model. The analysis of the reparameterized models revealed that little improvement in the model could come from alternative descriptions of sediment content, simulated aquifer thickness, streamflow infiltration, and vertical head distribution on the downgradient boundary. Of the alternative estimates of flow to or from the aquifer, only a 20 percent decrease in ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105123","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy DOE/ID-22209","usgsCitation":"Ackerman, D.J., Rousseau, J.P., Rattray, G.W., and Fisher, J.C., 2010, Steady-state and transient models of groundwater flow and advective transport, Eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory and vicinity, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5123, xii, 220 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105123.","productDescription":"xii, 220 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116000,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5123.jpg"},{"id":14045,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5123/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114,43 ], [ -114,44.333333333333336 ], [ -112,44.333333333333336 ], [ -112,43 ], [ -114,43 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b46c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ackerman, Daniel J.","contributorId":9286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rousseau, Joseph P.","contributorId":22030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rousseau","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rattray, Gordon W. 0000-0002-1690-3218 grattray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1690-3218","contributorId":2521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattray","given":"Gordon","email":"grattray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fisher, Jason C. 0000-0001-9032-8912 jfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9032-8912","contributorId":2523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Jason","email":"jfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":98642,"text":"sir20105046 - 2010 - Relations between groundwater levels and anthropogenic and meteorological stressors at selected sites in east-central Florida, 1995-2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:56","indexId":"sir20105046","displayToPublicDate":"2010-08-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5046","title":"Relations between groundwater levels and anthropogenic and meteorological stressors at selected sites in east-central Florida, 1995-2007","docAbstract":"Multivariate linear regression analyses were used to define the relations of water levels in the Upper Floridan aquifer (UFA) and surficial aquifer system (SAS) to anthropogenic and meteorological stressors between 1995 and 2007 at two monitoring well sites (Charlotte Street and Lake Oliver) in east-central Florida. Anthropogenic stressors of interest included municipal and agricultural groundwater withdrawals, and application of reclaimed-water to rapid-infiltration basins (source of aquifer recharge). Meteorological stressors included precipitation and potential evapotranspiration. Overall, anthropogenic and meteorological stressors accounted for about 40 to 89 percent of the variance in UFA and SAS groundwater levels and water-level changes. While mean monthly water levels were better correlated with monthly stressor values, changes in UFA and SAS water levels were better correlated with changes in stressor values. Water levels and water-level changes were influenced by system persistence as the moving-averaged values of both stressor types, which accounted for the influence of the previous month(s) conditions, consistently yielded higher adjusted coefficients of determination (R2 adj) values than did single monthly values. \r\n\r\nWhile monthly water-level changes tend to be influenced equally with both stressors across the hydrologically averaged 13-year period, changes were more influenced by one stressor or the other seasonally and during extended wet and dry periods. Seasonally, UFA water-level changes tended to be more influenced by anthropogenic stressors than by meteorological stressors, while changes in SAS water levels tended to be more influenced by meteorological stressors. During extended dry periods (12 months or greater), changes in UFA water levels at Charlotte Street were more affected by anthropogenic stressors than by meteorological stressors, while changes in SAS levels were more affected by meteorological stressors. At Lake Oliver, changes in both UFA and SAS water levels were better correlated with meteorological stressors for all but the wet period between April 1995 and April 1996. Interestingly, changes in both UFA and SAS water levels at Charlotte Street were also better correlated with anthropogenic stressors during a similar wet period between April 1995 and June 1996 when substantive reductions in groundwater withdrawals resulted in appreciable recovery of both UFA and SAS water levels.\r\n\r\nThe regional effects of anthropogenic stressors had limited influence on water-level changes at Charlotte Street and virtually no influence on changes at Lake Oliver. When regressed against the 2.2 Mgal/d (million gallons per day) of municipal withdrawals located within 2 miles of the Charlotte Street site, water-level changes were influenced solely by precipitation and potential evapotranspiration. At a radius of 2.5 miles, however, where cumulative withdrawals totaled about 9.5 Mgal/d, water-level changes were equally influenced by both anthropogenic and meteorological stressors. Withdrawals located at distances of greater than 3 miles from this site had no appreciable effect on relations between water-level changes and these stressors. At Lake Oliver, changes in UFA water levels were equally influenced by both stressors regardless of distance, while changes in SAS levels were more influenced by meteorological stressors at all distances.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105046","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the St. Johns River Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Murray, L.C., 2010, Relations between groundwater levels and anthropogenic and meteorological stressors at selected sites in east-central Florida, 1995-2007: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5046, vii, 31 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105046.","productDescription":"vii, 31 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1995-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":14043,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5046/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":115999,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5046.jpg"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.16666666666667,27.5 ], [ -82.16666666666667,29 ], [ -80.83333333333333,29 ], [ -80.83333333333333,27.5 ], [ -82.16666666666667,27.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db6119aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murray, Louis C. Jr.","contributorId":19980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"Louis","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":98638,"text":"ofr20101187 - 2010 - Connecticut Highlands technical report— Documentation of the regional rainfall-runoff model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-07T16:10:26.287139","indexId":"ofr20101187","displayToPublicDate":"2010-08-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1187","title":"Connecticut Highlands technical report— Documentation of the regional rainfall-runoff model","docAbstract":"This report provides the supporting data and describes the data sources, methodologies, and assumptions used in the assessment of existing and potential water resources of the Highlands of Connecticut and Pennsylvania (referred to herein as the “Highlands”). Included in this report are Highlands groundwater and surface-water use data and the methods of data compilation. Annual mean streamflow and annual mean base-flow estimates from selected U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) gaging stations were computed using data for the period of record through water year 2005. The methods of watershed modeling are discussed and regional and sub-regional water budgets are provided. Information on Highlands surface-water-quality trends is presented. USGS web sites are provided as sources for additional information on groundwater levels, streamflow records, and ground- and surface-water-quality data. Interpretation of these data and the findings are summarized in the Highlands study report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101187","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Ahearn, E.A., and Bjerklie, D.M., 2010, Connecticut Highlands technical report— Documentation of the regional rainfall-runoff model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1187, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101187.","productDescription":"43 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-011410","costCenters":[{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":115994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1187.jpg"},{"id":14039,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1187/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":388239,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_93940.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","otherGeospatial":"Connecticut Highlands","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -73.5,41.25 ], [ -73.5,42.083333333333336 ], [ -72.75,42.083333333333336 ], [ -72.75,41.25 ], [ -73.5,41.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a3216","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ahearn, Elizabeth A. 0000-0002-5633-2640 eaahearn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5633-2640","contributorId":194658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahearn","given":"Elizabeth","email":"eaahearn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":377,"text":"Massachusetts-Rhode Island Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":305980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bjerklie, David M. 0000-0002-9890-4125 dmbjerkl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9890-4125","contributorId":3589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bjerklie","given":"David","email":"dmbjerkl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":196,"text":"Connecticut Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":98640,"text":"fs20103072 - 2010 - Locating inputs of freshwater to Lynch Cove, Hood Canal, Washington, using aerial infrared photography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:32","indexId":"fs20103072","displayToPublicDate":"2010-08-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3072","title":"Locating inputs of freshwater to Lynch Cove, Hood Canal, Washington, using aerial infrared photography","docAbstract":"The input of freshwater and associated nutrients into Lynch Cove and lower Hood Canal (fig. 1) from sources such as groundwater seeps, small streams, and ephemeral creeks may play a major role in the nutrient loading and hydrodynamics of this low dissolved-oxygen (hypoxic) system. These disbursed sources exhibit a high degree of spatial variability. However, few in-situ measurements of groundwater seepage rates and nutrient concentrations are available and thus may not represent adequately the large spatial variability of groundwater discharge in the area. As a result, our understanding of these processes and their effect on hypoxic conditions in Hood Canal is limited.\r\n\r\nTo determine the spatial variability and relative intensity of these sources, the U.S. Geological Survey Washington Water Science Center collaborated with the University of Washington Applied Physics Laboratory to obtain thermal infrared (TIR) images of the nearshore and intertidal regions of Lynch Cove at or near low tide. In the summer, cool freshwater discharges from seeps and streams, flows across the exposed, sun-warmed beach, and out on the warm surface of the marine water. These temperature differences are readily apparent in aerial thermal infrared imagery that we acquired during the summers of 2008 and 2009. When combined with co-incident video camera images, these temperature differences allow identification of the location, the type, and the relative intensity of the sources.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20103072","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Hood Canal Dissolved Oxygen Program and University of Washington Advanced Physics Laboratory","usgsCitation":"Sheibley, R.W., Josberger, E.G., and Chickadel, C., 2010, Locating inputs of freshwater to Lynch Cove, Hood Canal, Washington, using aerial infrared photography: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3072, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103072.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":115995,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3072.jpg"},{"id":14041,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3072/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.16666666666667,47.25 ], [ -123.16666666666667,47.583333333333336 ], [ -122.83333333333333,47.583333333333336 ], [ -122.83333333333333,47.25 ], [ -123.16666666666667,47.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a68e4b07f02db63b6a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sheibley, Rich W. 0000-0003-1627-8536 sheibley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1627-8536","contributorId":3044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheibley","given":"Rich","email":"sheibley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Josberger, Edward G. ejosberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":1710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Josberger","given":"Edward","email":"ejosberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":305983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chickadel, Chris","contributorId":55938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chickadel","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":98641,"text":"sim3118 - 2010 - Sedimentation Survey of Lago de Cidra, Puerto Rico, August 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:32","indexId":"sim3118","displayToPublicDate":"2010-08-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3118","title":"Sedimentation Survey of Lago de Cidra, Puerto Rico, August 2007","docAbstract":"Lago de Cidra is a reservoir located on the confluence of Rio de Bayamon, Rio Sabana, and Quebrada Prieta, in the municipality of Cidra in east-central Puerto Rico, about 3.0 kilometers northeast of the town of Cidra. The dam is owned and operated by the Puerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority (PRASA), and was constructed in 1946 as a 6.54-million-cubic-meter supplemental water supply for the San Juan metropolitan area.\r\nThe reservoir impounds the waters of Rio de Bayamon, Rio Sabana and Quebrada Prieta. The reservoir has a drainage area of 21.4 square kilometers. The dam is a concrete gravity and earthfill structure with a length of approximately 165 meters and a structural height of 24 meters. The spillway portion of the dam is an ungated ogee crest about 40 meters long with a crest elevation of 403.00 meters above mean sea level. Additional information and operational procedures are listed in Soler-Lopez (1999). During August 14-15, 2007, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Caribbean Water Science Center (CWSC), in cooperation with the PRASA, conducted a bathymetric survey of Lago de Cidra to update the reservoir storage capacity and actualize the reservoir sedimentation rate by comparing the 2007 data with the previous 1997 bathymetric survey data. The purpose of this report is to describe and document the USGS sedimentation survey conducted at Lago de Cidra during August 2007, including the methods used to update the reservoir storage capacity, sedimentation rates, and areas of substantial sediment accumulation since 1997. \r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sim3118","usgsCitation":"Soler-Lopez, L.R., 2010, Sedimentation Survey of Lago de Cidra, Puerto Rico, August 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3118, 1 Plate, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3118.","productDescription":"1 Plate","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2007-08-14","temporalEnd":"2007-08-15","costCenters":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":115998,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3118.jpg"},{"id":14042,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3118/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"projection":"Lambert Conic Conformal","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -66.15,18.1675 ], [ -66.15,18.2 ], [ -66.11749999999999,18.2 ], [ -66.11749999999999,18.1675 ], [ -66.15,18.1675 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fbcca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soler-Lopez, Luis R.","contributorId":27501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soler-Lopez","given":"Luis","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":98633,"text":"fs20103063 - 2010 - Recent (2001-09) hydrologic history and regionalization studies in Texas-Statistical characterization of storms, floods, and rainfall-runoff relations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-11T16:26:32","indexId":"fs20103063","displayToPublicDate":"2010-08-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3063","title":"Recent (2001-09) hydrologic history and regionalization studies in Texas-Statistical characterization of storms, floods, and rainfall-runoff relations","docAbstract":"As part of numerous cooperative studies investigating rainfall and streamflow during 1991-2009 with the Texas Department of Transportation and Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) published about 20 reports describing either historical streamflow conditions (hydrologic history) in Texas or the results of studies involving regional rainfall and streamflow statistics (regionalization studies). Both types of studies are widely used in engineering and scientific applications. Long-term rainfall and streamflow records are essential for deriving reliable rainfall and streamflow statistics. Whereas the need for such records is regionwide, rainfall and streamflow records are site-specific. The USGS has pioneered ways to mathematically transfer site-specific rainfall and streamflow information to provide regional statistical models. In addition to publishing reports describing historical hydrologic data at many monitored locations throughout Texas, the USGS has published reports describing regional models for estimating rainfall and streamflow statistics at unmonitored locations. The primary objectives of these regionalization studies were to provide historical perspectives of streamflow conditions in Texas or estimates of specific statistics of rainfall or streamflow. Statistics such as 6-hour, 1-percent annual exceedance rainfall (a large storm) or 2-percent annual exceedance streamflow (a substantial flood) can be estimated for locations lacking sufficient direct observations of rainfall and streamflow data. This fact sheet provides a brief synopsis of 12 recent (2001-09) USGS hydrologic history and regionalization studies in Texas organized thematically and chronologically.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, Virginia","doi":"10.3133/fs20103063","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Texas Department of Transportation and the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"Asquith, W.H., 2010, Recent (2001-09) hydrologic history and regionalization studies in Texas-Statistical characterization of storms, floods, and rainfall-runoff relations: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3063, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103063.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2001-01-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":115990,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3063.jpg"},{"id":14034,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3063/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a52e4b07f02db62a537","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asquith, William H. 0000-0002-7400-1861 wasquith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-1861","contributorId":1007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"William","email":"wasquith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":98634,"text":"ds509 - 2010 - Central Colorado Assessment Project (CCAP)-Geochemical data for rock, sediment, soil, and concentrate sample media","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-01T20:49:44.427273","indexId":"ds509","displayToPublicDate":"2010-08-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"509","title":"Central Colorado Assessment Project (CCAP)-Geochemical data for rock, sediment, soil, and concentrate sample media","docAbstract":"This database was initiated, designed, and populated to collect and integrate geochemical data from central Colorado in order to facilitate geologic mapping, petrologic studies, mineral resource assessment, definition of geochemical baseline values and statistics, environmental impact assessment, and medical geology. The Microsoft Access database serves as a geochemical data warehouse in support of the Central Colorado Assessment Project (CCAP) and contains data tables describing historical and new quantitative and qualitative geochemical analyses determined by 70 analytical laboratory and field methods for 47,478 rock, sediment, soil, and heavy-mineral concentrate samples. Most samples were collected by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) personnel and analyzed either in the analytical laboratories of the USGS or by contract with commercial analytical laboratories. These data represent analyses of samples collected as part of various USGS programs and projects. In addition, geochemical data from 7,470 sediment and soil samples collected and analyzed under the Atomic Energy Commission National Uranium Resource Evaluation (NURE) Hydrogeochemical and Stream Sediment Reconnaissance (HSSR) program (henceforth called NURE) have been included in this database. In addition to data from 2,377 samples collected and analyzed under CCAP, this dataset includes archived geochemical data originally entered into the in-house Rock Analysis Storage System (RASS) database (used by the USGS from the mid-1960s through the late 1980s) and the in-house PLUTO database (used by the USGS from the mid-1970s through the mid-1990s). All of these data are maintained in the Oracle-based National Geochemical Database (NGDB). Retrievals from the NGDB and from the NURE database were used to generate most of this dataset. In addition, USGS data that have been excluded previously from the NGDB because the data predate earliest USGS geochemical databases, or were once excluded for programmatic reasons, have been included in the CCAP Geochemical Database and are planned to be added to the NGDB.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds509","usgsCitation":"Granitto, M., DeWitt, E.H., and Klein, T.L., 2010, Central Colorado Assessment Project (CCAP)-Geochemical data for rock, sediment, soil, and concentrate sample media: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 509, iii, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds509.","productDescription":"iii, 29 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":115992,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_509.jpg"},{"id":406097,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_93927.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":14035,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/509/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.6,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -104.8964,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -104.8964,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -106.6,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -106.6,\n 37\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e571a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Granitto, Matthew 0000-0003-3445-4863 granitto@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3445-4863","contributorId":1224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granitto","given":"Matthew","email":"granitto@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeWitt, Ed H.","contributorId":16543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWitt","given":"Ed","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klein, Terry L. tklein@usgs.gov","contributorId":1244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klein","given":"Terry","email":"tklein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":98636,"text":"ofr20101193 - 2010 - Characterization of the contents and histology of the gastrointestinal tracts of White Sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) captured from Upper Lake Roosevelt, Washington, October 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:56","indexId":"ofr20101193","displayToPublicDate":"2010-08-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1193","title":"Characterization of the contents and histology of the gastrointestinal tracts of White Sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) captured from Upper Lake Roosevelt, Washington, October 2008","docAbstract":"The gastrointestinal tracts of 37 juvenile white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) captured from the upper part of Lake Roosevelt during October 2008, were examined to identify prey taxa and to determine if the fish were consuming smelter slag along with other sediments. Histological examination of the gastrointestinal tract tissues and comparison with similar tissues from hatchery-reared fish also was performed. The contents of the gastro-intestinal tracts (guts) indicated that white sturgeon were actively foraging on various benthic invertebrates and the diet was quite diverse, with more than 50 percent of the fish feeding on five or more different taxa. Slag was present in 76 percent of the guts examined. Although not all guts contained slag particles, larger fish tended to have greater amounts of slag in their guts. Histology of the gut tissues showed the presence of a chronic inflammatory response, and the severity of the response had a significant positive correlation (P = 0.01) with fish length and weight suggesting that the inflammation represented a response to long-term exposure to one or more stressors. However, additional work is needed to determine if the physical or chemical properties of slag contributed to this response. \r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101193","usgsCitation":"Parsley, M.J., van der Leeuw, B.K., and Elliott, D.G., 2010, Characterization of the contents and histology of the gastrointestinal tracts of White Sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) captured from Upper Lake Roosevelt, Washington, October 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1193, iv, 24 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101193.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2008-10-01","temporalEnd":"2008-10-31","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":115993,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1193.jpg"},{"id":14037,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1193/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120,47.666666666666664 ], [ -120,49.416666666666664 ], [ -117,49.416666666666664 ], [ -117,47.666666666666664 ], [ -120,47.666666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4d12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parsley, Michael J. 0000-0003-0097-6364 mparsley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0097-6364","contributorId":2608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsley","given":"Michael","email":"mparsley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van der Leeuw, Bjorn K.","contributorId":48651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van der Leeuw","given":"Bjorn","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":305977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elliott, Diane G. 0000-0002-4809-6692 dgelliott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-6692","contributorId":2947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Diane","email":"dgelliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":98637,"text":"sir20105088 - 2010 - Trends in the quality of water in New Jersey streams, water years 1998-2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:32","indexId":"sir20105088","displayToPublicDate":"2010-08-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5088","title":"Trends in the quality of water in New Jersey streams, water years 1998-2007","docAbstract":"Trends were determined in flow-adjusted values of selected water-quality characteristics measured year-round during water years 1998-2007 (October 1, 1997, through September 30, 2007) at 70 stations on New Jersey streams. Water-quality characteristics included in the analysis are dissolved oxygen, pH, total dissolved solids, total phosphorus, total organic nitrogen plus ammonia, and dissolved nitrate plus nitrite. In addition, trend tests also were conducted on measurements of dissolved oxygen made only during the growing season, April to September. Nearly all the water-quality data analyzed were collected by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and the U.S. Geological Survey as part of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Ambient Surface-Water Quality Monitoring Network.\r\n\r\nMonotonic trends in flow-adjusted values of water quality were determined by use of procedures in the ESTREND computer program. A 0.05 level of significance was selected to indicate a trend. Results of tests were not reported if there were an insufficient number of measurements or insufficient number of detected concentrations, or if the results of the tests were affected by a change in data-collection methods.\r\n\r\nTrends in values of dissolved oxygen, pH, and total dissolved solids were identified using the Seasonal Kendall test. Trends or no trends in year-round concentrations of dissolved oxygen were determined for 66 stations; decreases at 4 stations and increases at 0 stations were identified. Trends or no trends in growing-season concentrations of dissolved oxygen were determined for 65 stations; decreases at 4 stations and increases at 4 stations were identified. Tests of pH values determined trends or no trends at 26 stations; decreases at 2 stations and increases at 3 stations were identified. Trends or no trends in total dissolved solids were reported for all 70 stations; decreases at 0 stations and increases at 24 stations were identified.\r\n\r\nTrends in total phosphorus, total organic nitrogen plus ammonia, and dissolved nitrate plus nitrite were identified by use of Tobit regression. Two sets of trend tests were conducted-one set with all measurements and a second set with all measurements except the most extreme outlier if one could be identified. The result of the test with all measurements is reported if the results of the two tests are equivalent. The result of the test without the outlier is reported if the results of the two tests are not equivalent.\r\n\r\nTrends or no trends in total phosphorus were determined for 69 stations. Decreases at 12 stations and increases at 5 stations were identified. Of the five stations on the Delaware River included in this study, decreases in concentration were identified at four.\r\n\r\nTrends or no trends in total organic nitrogen plus ammonia were determined for 69 stations. Decreases and increases in concentrations were identified at six and nine stations, respectively.\r\n\r\nTrends or no trends in dissolved nitrate plus nitrite were determined for 66 stations. Decreases and increases in concentration were identified at 4 and 19 stations, respectively.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105088","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Hickman, R.E., and Gray, B., 2010, Trends in the quality of water in New Jersey streams, water years 1998-2007: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5088, vi, 70 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105088.","productDescription":"vi, 70 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1997-10-01","temporalEnd":"2007-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":115996,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5088.png"},{"id":14038,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5088/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76,38.916666666666664 ], [ -76,41.416666666666664 ], [ -73.5,41.416666666666664 ], [ -73.5,38.916666666666664 ], [ -76,38.916666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db6968de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hickman, R. Edward 0000-0001-5160-3723 whickman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5160-3723","contributorId":3153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"R.","email":"whickman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Edward","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gray, Bonnie J.","contributorId":89624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Bonnie J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":98643,"text":"fs20103065 - 2010 - Response of Florida shelf ecosystems to climate change: from macro to micro scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:43","indexId":"fs20103065","displayToPublicDate":"2010-08-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3065","title":"Response of Florida shelf ecosystems to climate change: from macro to micro scales","docAbstract":"U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) research in St. Petersburg, Fla., is focusing attention on marine environments of the Florida shelf at three levels, from regional to estuarine to the individual organism. The USGS is partnering on this project with the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (DACS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and the University of South Florida (USF) in marine studies. The specific goals of these combined efforts are an improved understanding of the effects of ocean acidification on regional carbonate processes, changes in individual estuaries, and organism-level response. This understanding will assist in developing appropriate Federal, State, and local management responses to climate change in coastal areas. \r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20103065","usgsCitation":"Robbins, L., and Raabe, E., 2010, Response of Florida shelf ecosystems to climate change: from macro to micro scales: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3065, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103065.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":115988,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3065.jpg"},{"id":14044,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3065/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db60543d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, Lisa","contributorId":87643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"Lisa","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Raabe, Ellen","contributorId":98402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raabe","given":"Ellen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":98628,"text":"ofr20101083E - 2010 - Seismicity of the Earth 1900-2007, Nazca Plate and South America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:56","indexId":"ofr20101083E","displayToPublicDate":"2010-08-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1083","chapter":"E","title":"Seismicity of the Earth 1900-2007, Nazca Plate and South America","docAbstract":"The South American arc extends over 7,000 km, from the Chilean triple junction offshore of southern Chile to its intersection with the Panama fracture zone, offshore the southern coast of Panama in Central America. It marks the plate boundary between the subducting Nazca plate and the South America plate, where the oceanic crust and lithosphere of the Nazca plate begin their decent into the mantle beneath South America. The convergence associated with this subduction process is responsible for the uplift of the Andes Mountains, and for the active volcanic chain present along much of this deformation front. Relative to a fixed South America plate the Nazca plate moves slightly north of eastwards at a rate varying from approximately 80 mm/yr in the south to approximately 70mm/yr in the north.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101083E","usgsCitation":"Rhea, S., Hayes, G.P., Villasenor, A.H., Furlong, K.P., Tarr, A.C., and Benz, H., 2010, Seismicity of the Earth 1900-2007, Nazca Plate and South America: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1083, Map, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101083E.","productDescription":"Map","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1900-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116080,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1083_e.jpg"},{"id":14029,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1083/e/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"12000000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100,-45 ], [ -100,-1 ], [ -50,-1 ], [ -50,-45 ], [ -100,-45 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e5c4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rhea, Susan","contributorId":81110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhea","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayes, Gavin P. 0000-0003-3323-0112 ghayes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3323-0112","contributorId":842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Gavin","email":"ghayes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":305955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Villasenor, Antonio H. 0000-0001-8592-4832","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8592-4832","contributorId":38186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villasenor","given":"Antonio","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Furlong, Kevin P. 0000-0002-2674-5110","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2674-5110","contributorId":19576,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Furlong","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tarr, Arthur C. atarr@usgs.gov","contributorId":1925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tarr","given":"Arthur","email":"atarr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":305956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Benz, Harley","contributorId":91460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benz","given":"Harley","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":98626,"text":"ofr20101083C - 2010 - Seismicity of the Earth 1900-2007, Kuril-Kamchatka Arc and Vicinity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:41","indexId":"ofr20101083C","displayToPublicDate":"2010-08-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1083","chapter":"C","title":"Seismicity of the Earth 1900-2007, Kuril-Kamchatka Arc and Vicinity","docAbstract":"This map shows details of the Kuril-Kamchatka arc not visible in an earlier publication, U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3064. The arc extends about 2,100 km from Hokkaido, Japan, along the Kuril Islands and the pacific coast of the Kamchatka, Russia, peninsula to its intersection with the Aleutian arc near the Commander Islands, Russia. It marks the region where the Pacific plate subducts into the mantle beneath the Okhotsk microplate, a part of the larger North America plate. This subduction is responsible for the generation of the Kuril Islands chain and the deep offshore Kuril-Kamchatka trench. Relative to a fixed North America plate, the Pacific plate is moving northwest at a rate that decreases from 83 mm per year at the arc's southern end to 75 mm per year near its northern edge.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101083C","usgsCitation":"Rhea, S., Tarr, A.C., Hayes, G.P., Villasenor, A.H., Furlong, K.P., and Benz, H., 2010, Seismicity of the Earth 1900-2007, Kuril-Kamchatka Arc and Vicinity: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1083, Map, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101083C.","productDescription":"Map","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1900-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116079,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1083_c.jpg"},{"id":14027,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1083/c/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"5000000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 132,38 ], [ 132,56 ], [ 169,56 ], [ 169,38 ], [ 132,38 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f3e4b07f02db5ef9c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rhea, Susan","contributorId":81110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhea","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tarr, Arthur C. atarr@usgs.gov","contributorId":1925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tarr","given":"Arthur","email":"atarr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":305945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hayes, Gavin P. 0000-0003-3323-0112 ghayes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3323-0112","contributorId":842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Gavin","email":"ghayes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":305944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Villasenor, Antonio H. 0000-0001-8592-4832","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8592-4832","contributorId":38186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villasenor","given":"Antonio","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Furlong, Kevin P. 0000-0002-2674-5110","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2674-5110","contributorId":19576,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Furlong","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Benz, Harley","contributorId":91460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benz","given":"Harley","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":98625,"text":"sir20105167 - 2010 - Nutrients, Select Pesticides, and Suspended Sediment in the Karst Terrane of the Sinking Creek Basin, Kentucky, 2004-06","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:19","indexId":"sir20105167","displayToPublicDate":"2010-08-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5167","title":"Nutrients, Select Pesticides, and Suspended Sediment in the Karst Terrane of the Sinking Creek Basin, Kentucky, 2004-06","docAbstract":"This report presents the results of a study by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Kentucky Department of Agriculture, on nutrients, select pesticides, and suspended sediment in the karst terrane of the Sinking Creek Basin.\r\n\r\nStreamflow, nutrient, select pesticide, and suspended-sediment data were collected at seven sampling stations from 2004 through 2006. Concentrations of nitrite plus nitrate ranged from 0.21 to 4.9 milligrams per liter (mg/L) at the seven stations. The median concentration of nitrite plus nitrate for all stations sampled was 1.6 mg/L. Total phosphorus concentrations were greater than 0.1 mg/L, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's recommended maximum concentration, in 45 percent of the samples. Concentrations of orthophosphates ranged from less than 0.006 to 0.46 mg/L. Concentrations of nutrients generally were larger during spring and summer months, corresponding to periods of increased fertilizer application on agricultural lands. Concentrations of suspended sediment ranged from 1.0 to 1,490 mg/L at the seven stations. Of the 47 pesticides analyzed, 14 were detected above the adjusted method reporting level of 0.01 micrograms per liter (mug/L). Although these pesticides were detected in water-quality samples, they generally were found at less than part-per-billion concentrations. Atrazine was the only pesticide detected at concentrations greater than U.S. Environmental Protection Agency drinking water standard of 3 mug/L, and the maximum detected concentration was 24.6 mug/L.\r\n\r\nLoads and yields of nutrients, selected pesticides, and suspended sediment were estimated at two mainstream stations on Sinking Creek, a headwater station (Sinking Creek at Rosetta) and a station at the basin outlet (Sinking Creek near Lodiburg). Mean daily streamflow data were available for the estimation of loads and yields from a stream gage at the basin outlet station; however, only periodic instantaneous flow measurements were available for the headwaters station; mean daily flows at the headwater station were, therefore, estimated using a mathematical record-extension technique known as the Maintenance of Variance-Extension, type 1 (MOVE.1). The estimation of mean daily streamflows introduced a large amount of uncertainty into the loads and yields estimates at the headwater station.\r\n\r\nTotal estimated loads of select (five most commonly detected) pesticides from the Sinking Creek Basin were about 0.01 to 1.2 percent of the estimated application, indicating pesticides possibly are retained within the watershed. Mean annual loads [(in/lb)/yr] for nutrients and suspended sediment were estimated at the two Sinking Creek mainstem sampling stations. The relation between estimated and measured instantaneous loads of nitrite plus nitrate at the Sinking Creek near Lodiburg station indicate a reasonably tight distribution over the range of loads. The model for loads of nitrite plus nitrate at the Sinking Creek at Rosetta station indicates small loads were overestimated and underestimated. Relations between estimated and measured loads of total phosphorus and orthophosphate at both Sinking Creek mainstem stations showed similar patterns to the loads of nitrite plus nitrate at each respective station. The estimated mean annual load of suspended sediment is about 14 times larger at the Sinking Creek near Lodiburg station than at the Sinking Creek near Rosetta station.\r\n\r\nEstimated yields of nutrients and suspended sediment increased from the headwater to downstream monitoring stations on Sinking Creek. This finding suggests that sources of nutrients and suspended sediment are not evenly distributed throughout the karst terrane of the Sinking Creek Basin. Yields of select pesticides generally were similar from the headwater to downstream monitoring stations. However, the estimated yield of atrazine was about five times higher at the downstream station on Sinking Creek than at the headwater station on Sinking Creek. ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105167","usgsCitation":"Crain, A.S., 2010, Nutrients, Select Pesticides, and Suspended Sediment in the Karst Terrane of the Sinking Creek Basin, Kentucky, 2004-06: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5167, viii, 48 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105167.","productDescription":"viii, 48 p.; Appendices","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2004-04-01","temporalEnd":"2006-06-01","costCenters":[{"id":354,"text":"Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116077,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/SIR_2010_5167.jpg"},{"id":14026,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5167/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -86.53333333333333,37.666666666666664 ], [ -86.53333333333333,38.13333333333333 ], [ -86.03333333333333,38.13333333333333 ], [ -86.03333333333333,37.666666666666664 ], [ -86.53333333333333,37.666666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db6966d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crain, Angela S. 0000-0003-0969-6238 ascrain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0969-6238","contributorId":3090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crain","given":"Angela","email":"ascrain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":354,"text":"Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":98627,"text":"ofr20101083D - 2010 - Seismicity of the Earth 1900-2007, Japan and Vicinity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:41","indexId":"ofr20101083D","displayToPublicDate":"2010-08-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1083","chapter":"D","title":"Seismicity of the Earth 1900-2007, Japan and Vicinity","docAbstract":"This map shows details of Japan and vicinity not visible in an earlier publication, U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3064. Japan and its island possessions lie across four major tectonic plates: Pacific plate, North America plate; Eurasia plate; and Philippine Sea plate. The Pacific plate is subducted into the mantle, beneath Hokkaido and northern Honshu, along the eastern margin of the Okhotsk microplate, a proposed subdivision of the North America plate (Bird, 2003). Farther south, the pacific plate is subducted beneath volcanic islands along the eastern margin of the Philippine Sea plate. This 2,200 km-long zone of subduction of the Pacific plate is responsible for the creation of the deep offshore Ogasawara and Japan trenches as well as parallel chains of islands and volcanoes, typical of the Circumpacific island arcs. Similarly, the Philippine Sea plate is itself subducting under the Eurasia plate along a zone, extending from Taiwan to southern Honshu, that comprises the Ryuku Islands and the Nansei-Shonto trench.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101083D","usgsCitation":"Rhea, S., Tarr, A.C., Hayes, G.P., Villasenor, A.H., and Benz, H., 2010, Seismicity of the Earth 1900-2007, Japan and Vicinity: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1083, Map, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101083D.","productDescription":"Map","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1900-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116078,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1083_d.jpg"},{"id":14028,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1083/d/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"5000000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 114,21 ], [ 114,46 ], [ 152,46 ], [ 152,21 ], [ 114,21 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fa8e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rhea, Susan","contributorId":81110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhea","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tarr, Arthur C. atarr@usgs.gov","contributorId":1925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tarr","given":"Arthur","email":"atarr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":305951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hayes, Gavin P. 0000-0003-3323-0112 ghayes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3323-0112","contributorId":842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Gavin","email":"ghayes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":305950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Villasenor, Antonio H. 0000-0001-8592-4832","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8592-4832","contributorId":38186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villasenor","given":"Antonio","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Benz, Harley","contributorId":91460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benz","given":"Harley","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70159022,"text":"70159022 - 2010 - Management of surface water and groundwater withdrawals to maintain environmental stream flows in Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-09T16:26:16.650345","indexId":"70159022","displayToPublicDate":"2010-08-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Management of surface water and groundwater withdrawals to maintain environmental stream flows in Michigan","docAbstract":"In 2008, the State of Michigan enacted legislation requiring that new or increased high-capacity withdrawals (greater than 100,000 gallons per day) from either surface water or groundwater be reviewed to prevent Adverse Resource Impacts (ARI). Science- based guidance was sought in defining how groundwater or surface-water withdrawals affect streamflow and in quantifying the relation between reduced streamflow and changes in stream ecology. The implementation of the legislation led to a risk-based system based on a gradient of risk, ecological response curves, and estimation of groundwater-surface water interaction. All Michigan streams are included in the legislation, and, accordingly, all Michigan streams were classified into management types defined by size of watershed, stream-water temperature, and predicted fish assemblages. Different streamflow removal percentages define risk-based thresholds allowed for each type. These removal percentages were informed by ecological response curves of characteristic fish populations and finalized through a legislative workgroup process. The assessment process includes an on-line screening tool that may be used to evaluate new or increased withdrawals against the risk-based zones and allows withdrawals that are not likely to cause an ARI to proceed to water-use registration. The system is designed to consider cumulative impacts of high-capacity withdrawals and to promote user involvement in water resource management by the establishment of water-user committees as cumulative withdrawals indicate greater potential for ARI in the watershed.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Watershed management 2010: Innovations in watershed management under land use and climate change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Watershed Management 2010","conferenceDate":"August 23-27 2010","conferenceLocation":"Madison, Wisconsin","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/41143(394)37","usgsCitation":"Reeves, H.W., Seelbach, P.W., Nicholas, J.R., and Hamilton, D.A., 2010, Management of surface water and groundwater withdrawals to maintain environmental stream flows in Michigan, in Watershed management 2010: Innovations in watershed management under land use and climate change, Madison, Wisconsin, August 23-27 2010, p. 409-420, https://doi.org/10.1061/41143(394)37.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"409","endPage":"420","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-019367","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309853,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.66015624999999,\n 41.902277040963696\n ],\n [\n -86.28662109375,\n 42.633958722673164\n ],\n [\n -86.46240234375,\n 43.42100882994726\n ],\n [\n -86.50634765625,\n 43.929549935614595\n ],\n [\n -86.33056640625,\n 44.449467536006935\n ],\n [\n -86.0009765625,\n 44.933696389694674\n ],\n [\n -85.60546875,\n 45.213003555993964\n ],\n [\n -85.45166015624999,\n 44.98034238084973\n ],\n [\n -85.36376953125,\n 45.336701909968106\n ],\n [\n -84.9462890625,\n 45.73685954736049\n ],\n [\n -84.3310546875,\n 45.72152152227954\n ],\n [\n -83.43017578125,\n 45.36758436884978\n ],\n [\n -83.27636718749999,\n 45.07352060670971\n ],\n [\n -83.27636718749999,\n 44.449467536006935\n ],\n [\n -83.56201171875,\n 43.992814500489914\n ],\n [\n -83.82568359375,\n 43.75522505306928\n ],\n [\n -83.29833984375,\n 43.929549935614595\n ],\n [\n -82.880859375,\n 44.08758502824518\n ],\n [\n -82.4853515625,\n 43.48481212891603\n ],\n [\n -82.37548828125,\n 43.068887774169625\n ],\n [\n -82.55126953124999,\n 42.65012181368025\n ],\n [\n -83.0126953125,\n 42.27730877423709\n ],\n [\n -83.1884765625,\n 42.04929263868686\n ],\n [\n -83.408203125,\n 41.83682786072714\n ],\n [\n -84.74853515625,\n 41.73852846935917\n ],\n [\n -86.748046875,\n 41.820455096140314\n ],\n [\n -86.484375,\n 42.342305278572816\n ],\n [\n -86.66015624999999,\n 41.902277040963696\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"561e2b37e4b0cdb063e59cdb","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Potter, Kenneth W.","contributorId":113396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potter","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577285,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frevert, Donald K.","contributorId":149201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frevert","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577286,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Reeves, Howard W. 0000-0001-8057-2081 hwreeves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-2081","contributorId":2307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"Howard","email":"hwreeves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seelbach, Paul W. pseelbach@usgs.gov","contributorId":3937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seelbach","given":"Paul","email":"pseelbach@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nicholas, James R.","contributorId":149200,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicholas","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hamilton, David A.","contributorId":102172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":98622,"text":"ofr20101155 - 2010 - Terrigenous sediment provenance from geochemical tracers, south Molokai reef flat, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:40","indexId":"ofr20101155","displayToPublicDate":"2010-08-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1155","title":"Terrigenous sediment provenance from geochemical tracers, south Molokai reef flat, Hawaii","docAbstract":"Land-derived runoff is one of the greatest threats to coral-reef health. Identification of runoff sources is an important step in erosion mitigation efforts. A geochemical sediment provenance study was done in uplands and across the adjacent fringing reef on the southeast shore of Molokai, Hawaii, to determine whether sediment runoff originated from hillsides or gulches. Source-region identification was based on geochemical differences between alkalic basalt, which outcrops on hillsides, and tholeiitic basalt, which outcrops in gulches. In Kawela watershed, copper to iron ratios (Cu/Fe) were distinct in hillside soil versus gulch sediment and suggest that hillside erosion is the predominant mechanism of sediment delivery to the nearshore. This suggests that runoff-mitigation efforts should take steps to reduce hillside erosion. Cadmium to thorium ratios (Cd/Th) in nearshore sediment suggest that there is a high-Cd source of runoff east of Kamalo Gulch. This compositional difference is consistent with the predominance of tholeiitic basalt on the eastern end of Molokai. ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101155","usgsCitation":"Takesue, R., 2010, Terrigenous sediment provenance from geochemical tracers, south Molokai reef flat, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1155, iv, 17 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101155.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p.; Appendices","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":528,"text":"Pacific Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116075,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1155.jpg"},{"id":14023,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1155/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -157.4,21 ], [ -157.4,21.3 ], [ -156.685,21.3 ], [ -156.685,21 ], [ -157.4,21 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db6834bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Takesue, R.K.","contributorId":21645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takesue","given":"R.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":98623,"text":"sir20105103 - 2010 - Temporal change in biological community structure in the Fountain Creek basin, Colorado, 2001-2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:51","indexId":"sir20105103","displayToPublicDate":"2010-08-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5103","title":"Temporal change in biological community structure in the Fountain Creek basin, Colorado, 2001-2008","docAbstract":"In 2001, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Colorado Springs City Engineering, began a study to better understand the relations between environmental characteristics and biological communities in the Fountain Creek basin in order to aide water-resource management and guide future monitoring activities. To accomplish this task, environmental (streamflow, habitat, and water chemistry) and biological (fish and macroinvertebrate) data were collected annually at 24 sites over a 6- or 8-year period (fish, 2003 to 2008; macroinvertebrates, 2001 to 2008). For this report, these data were first analyzed to determine the presence of temporal change in macroinvertebrate and fish community structure among years using nonparametric multivariate statistics. Where temporal change in the biological communities was found, these data were further analyzed using additional nonparametric multivariate techniques to determine which subset of selected streamflow, habitat, or water-chemistry variables best described site-specific changes in community structure relative to a gradient of urbanization.\r\n\r\nThis study identified significant directional patterns of temporal change in macroinvertebrate and fish community structure at 15 of 24 sites in the Fountain Creek basin. At four of these sites, changes in environmental variables were significantly correlated with the concurrent temporal change identified in macroinvertebrate and fish community structure (Monument Creek above Woodmen Road at Colorado Springs, Colo.; Monument Creek at Bijou Street at Colorado Springs, Colo.; Bear Creek near Colorado Springs, Colo.; Fountain Creek at Security, Colo.). Combinations of environmental variables describing directional temporal change in the biota appeared to be site specific as no single variable dominated the results; however, substrate composition variables (percent substrate composition composed of sand, gravel, or cobble) collectively were present in 80 percent of the environmental variable subsets that were significantly correlated with temporal change in the macroinvertebrate and fish community structure. Other important environmental variables related to temporal change in the biological community structure included those describing channel form (streambank height) and streamflow (normalized annual mean daily flow, high flood-pulse count).\r\n\r\nSite-specific results from this study were derived from a relatively small number of observations (6 or 8 years of data); therefore, additional years of data may reveal other sites with temporal change in biological community structure, or could define stronger and more consistent linkages between environmental variables and observed temporal change. Likewise current variable subsets could become weaker. Nonetheless, there were several sites where temporal change was detected in this study that could not be explained by the available environmental variables studied herein. Modification of current data-collection activities may be necessary to better understand site-specific temporal relations between biological communities and environmental variables.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20105103","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Colorado Springs City Engineering","usgsCitation":"Zuellig, R.E., Bruce, J.F., and Stogner, 2010, Temporal change in biological community structure in the Fountain Creek basin, Colorado, 2001-2008: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5103, v, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105103.","productDescription":"v, 19 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116076,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5103.png"},{"id":14024,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5103/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.16666666666667,38.233333333333334 ], [ -105.16666666666667,39.166666666666664 ], [ -104.33333333333333,39.166666666666664 ], [ -104.33333333333333,38.233333333333334 ], [ -105.16666666666667,38.233333333333334 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db68568f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zuellig, Robert E. 0000-0002-4784-2905 rzuellig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4784-2905","contributorId":1620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zuellig","given":"Robert","email":"rzuellig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bruce, James F. 0000-0003-3125-2932 jbruce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3125-2932","contributorId":916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruce","given":"James","email":"jbruce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":305937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stogner 0000-0002-3185-1452 rstogner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3185-1452","contributorId":938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stogner","email":"rstogner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":305938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":98619,"text":"pp1711 - 2010 - Death Valley regional groundwater flow system, Nevada and California: Hydrogeologic framework and transient groundwater flow model","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":57990,"text":"sir20045205 - 2004 - Death Valley regional ground-water flow system, Nevada and California -- hydrogeologic framework and transient ground-water flow model","indexId":"sir20045205","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"title":"Death Valley regional ground-water flow system, Nevada and California -- hydrogeologic framework and transient ground-water flow model"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":98619,"text":"pp1711 - 2010 - Death Valley regional groundwater flow system, Nevada and California: Hydrogeologic framework and transient groundwater flow model","indexId":"pp1711","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Death Valley regional groundwater flow system, Nevada and California: Hydrogeologic framework and transient groundwater flow model"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-12T22:40:30.520434","indexId":"pp1711","displayToPublicDate":"2010-08-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1711","title":"Death Valley regional groundwater flow system, Nevada and California: Hydrogeologic framework and transient groundwater flow model","docAbstract":"A numerical three-dimensional (3D) transient groundwater flow model of the Death Valley region was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey for the U.S. Department of Energy programs at the Nevada Test Site and at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Decades of study of aspects of the groundwater flow system and previous less extensive groundwater flow models were incorporated and reevaluated together with new data to provide greater detail for the complex, digital model.
A 3D digital hydrogeologic framework model (HFM) was developed from digital elevation models, geologic maps, borehole information, geologic and hydrogeologic cross sections, and other 3D models to represent the geometry of the hydrogeologic units (HGUs). Structural features, such as faults and fractures, that affect groundwater flow also were added. The HFM represents Precambrian and Paleozoic crystalline and sedimentary rocks, Mesozoic sedimentary rocks, Mesozoic to Cenozoic intrusive rocks, Cenozoic volcanic tuffs and lavas, and late Cenozoic sedimentary deposits of the Death Valley regional groundwater flow system (DVRFS) region in 27 HGUs.
Information from a series of investigations was compiled to conceptualize and quantify hydrologic components of the groundwater flow system within the DVRFS model domain and to provide hydraulic-property and head-observation data used in the calibration of the transient-flow model. These studies reevaluated natural groundwater discharge occurring through evapotranspiration (ET) and spring flow; the history of groundwater pumping from 1913 through 1998; groundwater recharge simulated as net infiltration; model boundary inflows and outflows based on regional hydraulic gradients and water budgets of surrounding areas; hydraulic conductivity and its relation to depth; and water levels appropriate for regional simulation of prepumped and pumped conditions within the DVRFS model domain. Simulation results appropriate for the regional extent and scale of the model were provided by acquiring additional data, by reevaluating existing data using current technology and concepts, and by refining earlier interpretations to reflect the current understanding of the regional groundwater flow system.
Groundwater flow in the Death Valley region is composed of several interconnected, complex groundwater flow systems. Groundwater flow occurs in three subregions in relatively shallow and localized flow paths that are superimposed on deeper, regional flow paths. Regional groundwater flow is predominantly through a thick Paleozoic carbonate rock sequence affected by complex geologic structures from regional faulting and fracturing that can enhance or impede flow. Spring flow and ET are the dominant natural groundwater discharge processes. Groundwater also is withdrawn for agricultural, commercial, and domestic uses.
Groundwater flow in the DVRFS was simulated using MODFLOW-2000, the U.S. Geological Survey 3D finitedifference modular groundwater flow modeling code that incorporates a nonlinear least-squares regression technique to estimate aquifer parameters. The DVRFS model has 16 layers of defined thickness, a finite-difference grid consisting of 194 rows and 160 columns, and uniform cells 1,500 meters (m) on each side.
Prepumping conditions (before 1913) were used as the initial conditions for the transient-state calibration. The model uses annual stress periods with discrete recharge and discharge components. Recharge occurs mostly from infiltration of precipitation and runoff on high mountain ranges and from a small amount of underflow from adjacent basins. Discharge occurs primarily through ET and spring discharge (both simulated as drains) and water withdrawal by pumping and, to a lesser amount, by underflow to adjacent basins simulated by constant-head boundaries. All parameter values estimated by the regression are reasonable and within the range of expected values. The simulated hydraulic heads of the final calibrated transient model generally fit observed heads reasonably well (residuals with absolute values less than 10 meters) with two exceptions: in most areas of nearly flat hydraulic gradient the fit is considered moderate (residuals with absolute values of 10 to 20 meters), and in areas of steep hydraulic gradient along the Eleana Range and western part of Yucca Flat, southern part of the Owlshead Mountains, southern part of the Bullfrog Hills, and the north-northwestern part of the model domain (residuals with absolute values greater than 20 meters). Groundwater discharge residuals are fairly random, with as many areas where simulated flows are less than observed flows as areas where simulated flows are greater. The highest unweighted groundwater discharge residuals occur at Death Valley, Sarcobatus Flat (northeastern area), Tecopa, and early observations at Manse Spring in Pahrump Valley. High weighted-discharge residuals were computed in Indian Springs Valley and parts of Death Valley. Most of these inaccuracies in head and discharge can be attributed to insufficient representation of the hydrogeology in the HFM and(or) discharge estimates, misrepresentation of water levels, and(or) model error associated with grid-cell size.
The model represents the large and complex groundwater flow system of the Death Valley region at a greater degree of refinement and accuracy than has been possible previously. The representation of detail provided by the 3D digital hydrogeologic framework model and the numerical groundwater flow model enabled greater spatial accuracy in every model parameter. The lithostratigraphy and structural effects of the hydrogeologic framework; recharge estimates from simulated net infiltration; discharge estimates from ET, spring flow, and pumping; and boundary inflow and outflow estimates all were reevaluated, some additional data were collected, and accuracy was improved. Uncertainty in the results of the flow model simulations can be reduced by improving on the quality, interpretation, and representation of the water-level and discharge observations used to calibrate the model and improving on the representation of the HGU geometries, the spatial variability of HGU material properties, the flow model physical framework, and the hydrologic conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1711","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Department of Energy Office of Environmental Management, National Nuclear Security Administration, Nevada Site Office, under Interagency Agreement DE–AI52–01NV13944, Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management, under Interagency Agreement DE–AI28–02RW12167, and Department of the Interior, National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Belcher, W., D’Agnese, F.A., O’Brien, G.M., Sweetkind, D.S., San Juan, C.A., Laczniak, R.J., Potter, C.J., Putnam, H., Faunt, C., Blainey, J.B., Hill, M.C., Bedinger, M.S., and Harrill, J., 2010, Death Valley regional groundwater flow system, Nevada and California: Hydrogeologic framework and transient groundwater flow model: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1711, Report: viii, 398 p.; 2 Plates: 35.44 x 48.91 inches and 28.00 x 42.00 inches; 2 Appendices; Geospatial Data Sets, 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