Heating and freezing data were obtained for liquid-rich secondary fluid inclusions in magmatic quartz, hydrothermal calcite and hydrothermal quartz crystals from 19 sampled depths in eight production drill holes (PGM-1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 11, 12 and 15) of the Miravalles geothermal field in northwestern Costa Rica. Homogenization temperatures for 386 fluid inclusions range from near the present measured temperatures to as much as 70°C higher than the maximum measured well temperature of about 240°C. Melting-point temperature measurements for 76 fluid inclusions suggest a calculated salinity range of about 0.2–1.9 wt% NaCl equivalent. Calculated salinities as high as 3.1–4.0 wt% NaCl equivalent for 20 fluid inclusions from the lower part of drill hole PGM-15 (the deepest drill hole) indicate that higher salinity water probably was present in the deeper part of the Miravalles geothermal field at the time these fluid inclusions were formed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6505(88)90030-2","issn":"03756505","usgsCitation":"Bargar, K., and Fournier, R., 1988, Fluid-inclusion evidence for previous higher temperatures in the Miravalles geothermal field, Costa Rica: Geothermics, v. 17, no. 5-6, p. 681-693, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6505(88)90030-2.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"681","endPage":"693","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225442,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a127ae4b0c8380cd54311","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bargar, K.E.","contributorId":44548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bargar","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fournier, R.O.","contributorId":73584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fournier","given":"R.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014368,"text":"70014368 - 1988 - Description and testing of three moisture sensors for measuring surface wetness on carbonate building stones","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:32","indexId":"70014368","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3276,"text":"Review of Scientific Instruments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Description and testing of three moisture sensors for measuring surface wetness on carbonate building stones","docAbstract":"Three moisture sensors were tested as a means for determining the surface wetness on carbonate building stones exposed to conditions that produce deposition of moisture. A relative-humidity probe, a gypsum-coated circuit grid, and a limestone-block resistor were tested as sensors for determining surface wetness. Sensors were tested under laboratory conditions of constant relative humidity and temperature and also under on-site conditions of variable relative humidity and temperature for eight weeks at Newcomb, NY. Laboratory tests indicated that relative humidity alone did not cause sensors to become saturated with water. However, the rates of drying indicated by the sensors after an initial saturation were inversely related to the relative humidity. On-site testing of the relative-humidity probe and the gypsum-coated ciruit grid indicated that they respond to a diurnal wetting and drying cycle; the limestone-block resistor responded only to rainfall.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Review of Scientific Instruments","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1063/1.1139948","issn":"00346748","usgsCitation":"See, R., Reddy, M., and Martin, R.G., 1988, Description and testing of three moisture sensors for measuring surface wetness on carbonate building stones: Review of Scientific Instruments, v. 59, no. 10, p. 2279-2284, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1139948.","startPage":"2279","endPage":"2284","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205619,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139948"},{"id":225309,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059feede4b0c8380cd4efb6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"See, R.B.","contributorId":67910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"See","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reddy, M.M.","contributorId":24363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reddy","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, R. G.","contributorId":100431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014378,"text":"70014378 - 1988 - Instrumentation for a dry-pond detention study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:31","indexId":"70014378","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Instrumentation for a dry-pond detention study","docAbstract":"A 12.3-acre, fully urbanized, residential land-use catchment was instrumented by the U. S. Geological Survey in Topeka, Kansas. Hydraulic instrumentation for flow measurement includes two types of flumes, a pipe-insert flume and a culvert-inlet (manhole) flume. Samples of rainfall and runoff for water-quality analyses were collected by automatic, 3-liter, 24-sample capacity water samples controlled by multichannel data loggers. Ancillary equipment included a raingage and wet/dry atmospheric-deposition sampler. Nineteen stormwater runoff events were monitored at the site using the instrumentation system. The system has a high reliability of data capture and permits an accurate determination of storm-water loads.","conferenceTitle":"Hydraulic Engineering: Proceedings of the 1988 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering","conferenceDate":"8 August 1988 through 12 August 1988","conferenceLocation":"Colorado Springs, CO, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","isbn":"0872626709; 0872626709","usgsCitation":"Pope, L.M., Jennings, M., and Thibodeaux, K., 1988, Instrumentation for a dry-pond detention study, Hydraulic Engineering: Proceedings of the 1988 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering, Colorado Springs, CO, USA, 8 August 1988 through 12 August 1988, p. 84-89.","startPage":"84","endPage":"89","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225506,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c49e4b0c8380cd62c08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pope, L. M.","contributorId":71939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jennings, M.E.","contributorId":76775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thibodeaux, K.G.","contributorId":16440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thibodeaux","given":"K.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1014027,"text":"1014027 - 1988 - A bioassay for production capacity assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-09T15:53:00.071043","indexId":"1014027","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":852,"text":"Aquacultural Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A bioassay for production capacity assessment","docAbstract":"Given sufficient oxygen, fish production can be limited by a multiplicity of factors. Accurate determination of production capacity requires something other than an estimate of the biomass at which ambient un-ionized ammonia will reach a recommended, non-site-specific, maximum safe concentration. A chronic (1- to 2-month) bioassay can be used to determine the point at which metabolite buildup reduces growth by some predetermined proportion, or causes unacceptable tissue damage. The bioassay is conducted as a series reuse, single-pass system, in which incoming water to each rearing unit is aerated to 90% dissolved oxygen saturation. The assessment of production capacity is based on the relation between cumulative oxygen consumption and growth reduction.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0144-8609(88)90011-8","usgsCitation":"Meade, J.W., 1988, A bioassay for production capacity assessment: Aquacultural Engineering, v. 7, p. 139-146, https://doi.org/10.1016/0144-8609(88)90011-8.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"139","endPage":"146","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129118,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b1272","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meade, J. W.","contributorId":38082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meade","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1017358,"text":"1017358 - 1988 - U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service continues pintail and white-fronted goose telemetry studies in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-26T16:52:00","indexId":"1017358","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1157,"text":"California Waterfowl","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service continues pintail and white-fronted goose telemetry studies in California","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"California Waterfowl","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.R., Takekawa, J.Y., Fleskes, J., and Orthmeyer, D., 1988, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service continues pintail and white-fronted goose telemetry studies in California: California Waterfowl, no. Fall 1988.","productDescription":"p. 50","startPage":"50","numberOfPages":"50","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132620,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"Fall 1988","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db696759","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, M. R.","contributorId":19104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":324763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fleskes, J.","contributorId":50469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleskes","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Orthmeyer, D.","contributorId":86302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orthmeyer","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70014374,"text":"70014374 - 1988 - Rapid changes in dissolved humic substances in Spirit Lake and South Fork Castle Lake, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-22T14:24:01","indexId":"70014374","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid changes in dissolved humic substances in Spirit Lake and South Fork Castle Lake, Washington","docAbstract":"One major effect of the eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington, was a large increase of dissolved organic material in the lakes of the area devastated near the volcano. Much of this material was aquatic fulvic acid derived from plants and soils from the surrounding watershed. During the 3 yr after the eruption, substantial chemical changes occurred in the aquatic fulvic acid. -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Limnology and Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Limnology and Oceanography","usgsCitation":"McKnight, D.M., Thorn, K.A., Wershaw, R., Bracewell, J., and Robertson, G., 1988, Rapid changes in dissolved humic substances in Spirit Lake and South Fork Castle Lake, Washington: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 33, no. 6/2, p. 1527-1541.","startPage":"1527","endPage":"1541","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225441,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267946,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.aslo.org/lo/toc/vol_33/issue_6_part_2/1527.pdf"}],"volume":"33","issue":"6/2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a94c4e4b0c8380cd815e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":368249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thorn, K. A.","contributorId":33294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorn","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wershaw, R.L.","contributorId":62223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wershaw","given":"R.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bracewell, J.M.","contributorId":80827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bracewell","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Robertson, G.W.","contributorId":6599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70014288,"text":"70014288 - 1988 - Hydrogen concentrations as an indicator of the predominant terminal electron-accepting reactions in aquatic sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-12T13:44:01","indexId":"70014288","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogen concentrations as an indicator of the predominant terminal electron-accepting reactions in aquatic sediments","docAbstract":"Factors controlling the concentration of dissolved hydrogen gas in anaerobic sedimentary environments were investigated. Results, presented here or previously, demonstrated that, in sediments, only microorganisms catalyze the oxidation of H2 coupled to the reduction of nitrate, Mn(IV), Fe(III), sulfate, or carbon dioxide. Theoretical considerations suggested that, at steady-state conditions, H2 concentrations are primarily dependent upon the physiological characteristics of the microorganism(s) consuming the H2 and that organisms catalyzing H2 oxidation, with the reduction of a more electrochemically positive electron acceptor, can maintain lower H2 concentrations than organisms using electron acceptors which yield less energy from H2 oxidation. The H2 concentrations associated with the specified predominant terminal electron-accepting reactions in bottom sediments of a variety of surface water environments were: methanogenesis, 7-10 nM; sulfate reduction, 1-1.5 nM; Fe(III) reduction, 0.2 nM; Mn(IV) or nitrate reduction, less than 0.05 nM. Sediments with the same terminal electron acceptor for organic matter oxidation had comparable H2 concentrations, despite variations in the rate of organic matter decomposition, pH, and salinity. Thus, each terminal electron-accepting reaction had a unique range of steady-state H2 concentrations associated with it. Preliminary studies in a coastal plain aquifer indicated that H2 concentrations also vary in response to changes in the predominant terminal electron-accepting process in deep subsurface environments. These studies suggest that H2 measurements may aid in determining which terminal electron-accepting reactions are taking place in surface and subsurface sedimentary environments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(88)90163-9","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Lovley, D.R., and Goodwin, S., 1988, Hydrogen concentrations as an indicator of the predominant terminal electron-accepting reactions in aquatic sediments: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 52, no. 12, p. 2993-3003, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(88)90163-9.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2993","endPage":"3003","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479997,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://works.bepress.com/derek_lovley/344","text":"External Repository"},{"id":225949,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3349e4b0c8380cd5eea8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lovley, Derek R.","contributorId":107852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovley","given":"Derek","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goodwin, S.","contributorId":74638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodwin","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70043721,"text":"70043721 - 1988 - Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1987","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-23T10:11:01","indexId":"70043721","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":378,"text":"Publications of the US Geological Survey","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1987","docAbstract":"This catalog is a list of (1) books and maps that were published during 1987, and (2) articles by Geological Survey personnel in non-Geological Survey journals and books that came to our attention in 1987; it supplements the permanent catalogs \"Publications of the Geological Survey, 1879-1961\", \"Publications of the Geological Survey, 1962-1970\", and \"Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1971 through 1981.\"","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/70043721","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1988, Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1987: Publications of the US Geological Survey, v, 408 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70043721.","productDescription":"v, 408 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":267699,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70043721/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":272669,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70043721/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5124ad65e4b0b6328103b4ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014451,"text":"70014451 - 1988 - Preliminary observations of streamflow generation during storms in a forested Piedmont watershed using temperature as a tracer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-19T19:36:55.997833","indexId":"70014451","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preliminary observations of streamflow generation during storms in a forested Piedmont watershed using temperature as a tracer","docAbstract":"Variations in streamwater temperature at the outlet of a 41-ha forested watershed at Panola Mountain in the Georgia Piedmont indicate that the initial rapid hydrologic response is caused by a combination of groundwater discharge and channel interception of rainwater. A storm in May 1986 caused a rapid increase in discharge that was accompanied by a decrease in streamwater temperature and a rise in the water table level adjacent to the stream. The higher water table provided the hydraulic gradient necessary to increase the discharge of colder groundwater to the stream. Storms that occurred under very dry antecedent conditions in July 1986 and June 1987 caused a rapid hydrologic response but no change in water table level, indicating the response was caused by channel interception of rainwater. This conclusion was supported by increases in streamwater temperature in the June storm and by chemical changes in the July storm. When rainfall is sufficient, flow in the ephemeral part of the stream in the catchment headwaters generates a second and larger discharge peak that reflects the chemistry and temperature of runoff from a 3-ha granite outcrop in the headwaters; sulfate concentration and temperature increase and alkalinity decreases relative to prestorm conditions. The initial response, however, results from channel interception and groundwater discharge. Rapid rises in the water table level during some storms suggest that macropore flow may play a major role in the hydrologic response of the watershed to rainstorms.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0169-7722(88)90040-X","issn":"01697722","usgsCitation":"Shanley, J.B., and Peters, N., 1988, Preliminary observations of streamflow generation during storms in a forested Piedmont watershed using temperature as a tracer: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 3, no. 2-4, p. 349-365, https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-7722(88)90040-X.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"349","endPage":"365","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225708,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8936e4b0c8380cd7dd41","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shanley, J. B.","contributorId":52226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peters, N.E.","contributorId":33332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014445,"text":"70014445 - 1988 - Deuterium in interstitial water from deep-sea cores","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-05T15:02:47.571472","indexId":"70014445","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deuterium in interstitial water from deep-sea cores","docAbstract":"As part of the Joint Oceanographic Institutions Deep Earth Sampling project, the interstitial waters of cores from 69 holes were sampled for deuterium analysis. Sixteen of the cores penetrated sediments as old as Eocene, and several sampled Cretaceous sediments, which allowed us to examine changes in the deuterium content of the oceans with time. Deuterium is shown to be a conservative constituent of the pore water. Its abundance in the pore fluids can be changed by diffusion, but the rate is slow, and corrections for this effect have been made. Changes in the abundance of deuterium can be related to changes in the amount of ice stored in continental glaciers, inasmuch as precipitation in the form of snow is highly depleted in deuterium compared with the oceans. Many of the cores show a change in isotopic composition of samples from early to late Miocene that can be ascribed to the buildup of the Antarctic ice sheets. After correcting for the role of diffusion in reducing the isotopic contrast between samples from a single core, we estimate an increase of 10 per mil (‰) δD (corresponding to a° δ18O change of about 1.2‰) between the early and late Miocene. A similiar analysis of Pleistocene to Holocene changes indicates a δD rise of 8‰ during the time of maximum continental ice, which corresponds to a δ18O increase of about 1.0‰. On the basis of limited data, we find no δD change in the oceans from Cretaceous to Miocene.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JC093iC07p08249","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Friedman, I., and Hardcastle, K., 1988, Deuterium in interstitial water from deep-sea cores: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 93, no. C7, p. 8249-8263, https://doi.org/10.1029/JC093iC07p08249.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"8249","endPage":"8263","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225638,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"C7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0004e4b0c8380cd4f539","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friedman, I.","contributorId":95596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hardcastle, K.","contributorId":45825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardcastle","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014398,"text":"70014398 - 1988 - Acid neutralizing processes in an alpine watershed front range, Colorado, U.S.A.-1: Buffering capacity of dissolved organic carbon in soil solutions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-20T11:27:04.369244","indexId":"70014398","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Acid neutralizing processes in an alpine watershed front range, Colorado, U.S.A.-1: Buffering capacity of dissolved organic carbon in soil solutions","docAbstract":"Soil interstitial waters in the Green Lakes Valley, Front Range, Colorado were studied to evaluate the capacity of the soil system to buffer acid deposition. In order to determine the contribution of humic substances to the buffering capacity of a given soil, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and pH of the soil solutions were measured. The concentration of the organic anion, Ai−, derived from DOC at sample pH and the concentration of organic anion, Ax− at the equivalence point were calculated using car☐yl contents from isolated and purified humic material from soil solutions. Subtracting Ax− from Ai− yields the contribution of humic substances to the buffering capacity (Aequiv.−). Using this method, one can evaluate the relative contribution of inorganic and organic constituents to the acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) of the soil solutions. The relative contribution of organic acids to the overall ANC was found to be extremely important in the alpine wetland (52%) and the forest-tundra ecotone (40%), and somewhat less important in the alpine tundra sites (20%). A failure to recognize the importance of organic acids in soil solutions to the ANC will result in erroneous estimates of the buffering capacity in the alpine environment of the Front Range, Colorado.
Results of recent geological and geophysical studies at Newberry Volcano have been incorporated into conceptual and numerical models of a magma-based hydrothermal system. Numerical simulations begin with emplacement of a small magma body, the presumed source of silicic eruptions at Newberry that began about 10,000 B.P., into a thermal regime representing 100,000 years of cooling of a large underlying intrusion. Simulated flow patterns and thermal histories for three sets of hypothetical permeability values are compatible with data from four geothermal drill holes on the volcano. Meteoric recharge cools the caldera-fill deposits, but thermal water moving up a central conduit representing a permeable volcanic vent produces temperatures close to those observed in drill holes within the caldera. Meteoric recharge from the caldera moves down the flanks and creates a near-isothermal zone that extends several hundred meters below the water table, producing temperature profiles similar to those observed in drill holes on the flanks. The temperatures observed in drill holes on the flanks are not influenced by the postulated Holocene magma body. The elevated temperature gradients measured in the lower portions of these holes may be related to the cumulative effect of older intrusions. The models also indicate that meteoric recharge to the deep hydrothermal system probably originates within or near the caldera. Relatively low fluid velocities at depth suggest that at least a significant fraction of the thermal fluid may be very old.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB093iB09p10149","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Sammel, E., Ingebritsen, S.E., and Mariner, R.H., 1988, The hydrothermal system at Newberry Volcano, Oregon: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 93, no. B9, p. 10149-10162, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB093iB09p10149.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"10149","endPage":"10162","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225831,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"B9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baccee4b08c986b32375c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sammel, E.A.","contributorId":59480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sammel","given":"E.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ingebritsen, S. E.","contributorId":8078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingebritsen","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mariner, Robert H.","contributorId":81075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mariner","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013834,"text":"70013834 - 1988 - Dissolved gases in the DOSECC Cajon Pass well: First year results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-14T01:15:21.126325","indexId":"70013834","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dissolved gases in the DOSECC Cajon Pass well: First year results","docAbstract":"Fluid sampled from granitic rock near the 2 km depth in the DOSECC Cajon Pass well contained He, H2, CH4, C2H6, and C2H4 in concentrations much greater than in air-saturated water. The dissolved helium, which ranged in concentration from 0.6 to 0.8 µmole/kg-fluid, was almost entirely radiogenic (³He/4He = 0.06 Ra). The δ13C-CH4 value (−36 per mil) and (C2H6 + C2H4)/CH4 ratios (0.02 - 0.05) indicate that the dissolved methane (50-55 µmoles/kg-fluid) was produced by thermogenic breakdown of organic matter. Measured pCO2 values were very low, about 10−5 atm., and the carbon isotopes (δ13C = −18.9 per mil) point to an organic source such as plant root respiration for the dissolved carbonate species. No evidence of mantle volatiles was found despite proximity of the well to the San Andreas fault.
One approach that has been used in performing a nonparametric test for monotonic trend in a hydrologic time series consists of a two-stage analysis. First, a regression equation is estimated for the variable being tested as a function of an exogenous variable. A nonparametric trend test such as the Kendall test is then performed on the residuals from the equation. By analogy to stagewise regression and through Monte Carlo experiments, it is demonstrated that this approach will tend to underestimate the magnitude of the trend and to result in some loss in power as a result of ignoring the interaction between the exogenous variable and time. An alternative approach, referred to as the adjusted variable Kendall test, is demonstrated to generally have increased statistical power and to provide more reliable estimates of the trend slope. In addition, the utility of including an exogenous variable in a trend test is examined under selected conditions.
The solubility of the noble gases He, Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe was measured in two typical crude oils at temperatures of 25–100°C. The oil samples were obtained from the Elk Hills oil field located in southern San Joaquin Valley, California. The experimental procedure consisted of placing a known amount of gas with a known volume of crude oil in a stainless steel hydrothermal pressure vessel. The vessel was housed inside an oven and the entire unit rotates providing continuous mixing. The amount of gas dissolved in oil at a measured temperature and partial pressure of gas was used to calculate the solubility constants for these gases. Results show that the solubility of He and Ne in both oils is approximately the same; solubility then increases with atomic mass, with the solubility of Xe at 25°C being two orders of magnitude higher than that of He. The gas solubilities are somewhat higher in the lower density (higher API gravity) oil. The solubility of Ar is approximately constant in the range of temperatures of this study. The solubilities of He and Ne increase, but those of Kr and Xe decrease with increasing temperatures. Solubilities of noble gases in crude oil are significantly higher than their solubilities in water. For example, the solubilities of He and Xe at 25°C in the light oil of this study are, respectively, 3 and 24 times higher than their solubilities in pure water, and they are 15 and 300 times higher than in a brine with a salinity of 350,000 mg/l dissolved solids. These large and variable differences in the solubilities of noble gases in oil and water indicate that, in sedimentary basins with oil, these gases must be partitioned between oil, water and natural gas before they are used to deduce the origin and residence time of these fluids.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0883-2927(88)90001-7","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Kharaka, Y.K., and Specht, D.J., 1988, The solubility of noble gases in crude oil at 25-100°C: Applied Geochemistry, v. 3, no. 2, p. 137-144, https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-2927(88)90001-7.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"137","endPage":"144","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220059,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb042e4b08c986b324d34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kharaka, Yousif K. 0000-0001-9861-8260 ykharaka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9861-8260","contributorId":1928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kharaka","given":"Yousif","email":"ykharaka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":366958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Specht, Daniel J.","contributorId":6999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Specht","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013828,"text":"70013828 - 1988 - Assessment of the analytical capabilities of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-13T16:05:35.10148","indexId":"70013828","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2444,"text":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of the analytical capabilities of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"A thorough assessment of the analytical capabilities of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry was conducted for selected analytes of importance in water quality applications and hydrologic research. A multielement calibration curve technique was designed to produce accurate and precise results in analysis times of approximately one minute. The suite of elements included Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sr, V, and Zn. The effects of sample matrix composition on the accuracy of the determinations showed that matrix elements (such as Na, Ca, Mg, and K) that may be present in natural water samples at concentration levels greater than 50 mg/L resulted in as much as a 10% suppression in ion current for analyte elements. Operational detection limits are presented.","language":"English","publisher":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","doi":"10.6028/jres.093.107","issn":"01601741","usgsCitation":"Taylor, H.E., and Garbarino, J.R., 1988, Assessment of the analytical capabilities of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, v. 93, no. 3, p. 433-435, https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.093.107.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"433","endPage":"435","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487161,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.6028/jres.093.107","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":220002,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee61e4b0c8380cd49d23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, Howard E. hetaylor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Howard","email":"hetaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":366955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garbarino, John R. jrgarb@usgs.gov","contributorId":2189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garbarino","given":"John","email":"jrgarb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":366956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013344,"text":"70013344 - 1988 - Distribution and mobility of selenium and other trace elements in shallow groundwater of the western San Joaquin Valley, California","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":13331,"text":"ofr86538 - 1986 - Distribution and mobility of selenium and other trace elements in shallow ground water of the western San Joaquin Valley, California","indexId":"ofr86538","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Distribution and mobility of selenium and other trace elements in shallow ground water of the western San Joaquin Valley, California"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70013344,"text":"70013344 - 1988 - Distribution and mobility of selenium and other trace elements in shallow groundwater of the western San Joaquin Valley, California","indexId":"70013344","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Distribution and mobility of selenium and other trace elements in shallow groundwater of the western San Joaquin Valley, California"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-13T16:22:04","indexId":"70013344","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution and mobility of selenium and other trace elements in shallow groundwater of the western San Joaquin Valley, California","docAbstract":"Samples of shallow groundwater that underlies much of the irrigated area in the western San Joaquin Valley, CA, were analyzed for various major ions and trace elements, including selenium. Concentrations of the major ions generally were similar for groundwater collected in the two primary geologic zones - the alluvial fan and basin trough. Selenium concentrations are significantly (α = 0.05) higher in the groundwater of the alluvial-fan zone than in that of the basin-trough zone. The concentrations of oxyanion trace elements were significantly correlated (α = 0.05) with groundwater salinity, but the correlations between selenium and salinity and between molybdenum and salinity were significantly different (α = 0.05) in the alluvial-fan geologic zone compared with those in the basin-trough geologic zone. The evidence suggests that the main factors affecting selenium concentrations in the shallow groundwater are the degree of groundwater salinity and the geologic source of the alluvial soil material.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es00171a013","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Deverel, S.J., and Milliard, S., 1988, Distribution and mobility of selenium and other trace elements in shallow groundwater of the western San Joaquin Valley, California: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 22, no. 6, p. 697-702, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00171a013.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"697","endPage":"702","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":220029,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277170,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00171a013"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Joaquin Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.8438,35.0589 ], [ -121.8438,38.1663 ], [ -118.6734,38.1663 ], [ -118.6734,35.0589 ], [ -121.8438,35.0589 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"22","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0294e4b0c8380cd500eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Deverel, S. J.","contributorId":65478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deverel","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Milliard, S.P.","contributorId":61560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milliard","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70142175,"text":"70142175 - 1988 - Extracting topographic structure from digital elevation data for geographic information-system analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T14:31:27","indexId":"70142175","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extracting topographic structure from digital elevation data for geographic information-system analysis","docAbstract":"Software tools have been developed at the U.S. Geological Survey's EROS Data Center to extract topographic structure and to delineate watersheds and overland flow paths from digital elevation models. The tools are specialpurpose FORTRAN programs interfaced with general-purpose raster and vector spatial analysis and relational data base management packages.
\nThe first phase of analysis is a conditioning phase that generates three data sets: the original OEM with depressions filled, a data set indicating the flow direction for each cell, and a flow accumulation data set in which each cell receives a value equal to the total number of cells that drain to it. The original OEM and these three derivative data sets can then be processed in a variety of ways to optionally delineate drainage networks, overland paths, watersheds for userspecified locations, sub-watersheds for the major tributaries of a drainage network, or pour point linkages between watersheds. The computer-generated drainage lines and watershed polygons and the pour point linkage information can be transferred to vector-based geographic information systems for futher analysis. Comparisons between these computergenerated features and their manually delineated counterparts generally show close agreement, indicating that these software tools will save analyst time spent in manual interpretation and digitizing.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Jenson, S.K., and Domingue, J.O., 1988, Extracting topographic structure from digital elevation data for geographic information-system analysis: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 54, no. 11, p. 1593-1600.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1593","endPage":"1600","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298224,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54f597cae4b02419550d2f45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jenson, Susan K.","contributorId":66859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenson","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Domingue, Julia O.","contributorId":91832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domingue","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":25521,"text":"wri874281 - 1988 - Geohydrology and mathematical simulation of the Pajaro Valley aquifer system, Santa Cruz and Monterey Counties, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-10T20:42:41.472685","indexId":"wri874281","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4281","title":"Geohydrology and mathematical simulation of the Pajaro Valley aquifer system, Santa Cruz and Monterey Counties, California","docAbstract":"Groundwater development has resulted in lowered water levels and seawater intrusion in the Pajaro Valley, California. An investigation was undertaken to describe the geohydrology of the groundwater flow system and to evaluate the response of the system to pumping stresses by using a mathematical model. The aquifer system consists of three aquifers. The lower aquifer is in fluvial sequences of Quaternary Aromas Sand below interbedded clay layers. The middle aquifer is in upper fluvial and lower eolian sequence of Aromas Sand, and in overlying basal gravels in terrace deposits and alluvium. Weathered soil zones in the Aromas Sand, and clay layers in the terrace deposits and alluvium overlie the middle aquifer. The upper aquifer is actually many discontinuous water bearing zones in the Aromas Sand, terrace deposits, alluvium, and dune sand. The three aquifers are represented in the mathematical model by three model layers separated by two confining layers. Model-generated water budgets for the 11-year simulation period show that storage decreased by 23,000 acre-ft, mostly during the 1976-77 drought. The calibrated model can simulate, with acceptable accuracy, both semiannual and long-term trends of potentiometric heads in parts of the lower and middle layers. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874281","usgsCitation":"Johnson, M.J., Londquist, C., Laudon, J., and Mitten, H., 1988, Geohydrology and mathematical simulation of the Pajaro Valley aquifer system, Santa Cruz and Monterey Counties, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4281, 62 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874281.","productDescription":"62 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":54237,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4281/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122871,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4281/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":415539,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46925.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Monterey County, Santa Cruz County","otherGeospatial":"Pajaro Valley aquifer system","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.9167,\n 36.9833\n ],\n [\n -121.9167,\n 36.7917\n ],\n [\n -121.5,\n 36.7917\n ],\n [\n -121.5,\n 36.9833\n ],\n [\n -121.9167,\n 36.9833\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8ca6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, M. J.","contributorId":52988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Londquist, C.J.","contributorId":86796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Londquist","given":"C.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Laudon, Julie","contributorId":68320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laudon","given":"Julie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mitten, H. T.","contributorId":88735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitten","given":"H. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70180307,"text":"70180307 - 1988 - Off-platform Silurian sequences in the Ambler River quadrangle: A section in Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70180307,"text":"70180307 - 1988 - Off-platform Silurian sequences in the Ambler River quadrangle: A section in Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987","indexId":"70180307","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Off-platform Silurian sequences in the Ambler River quadrangle: A section in Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":4297,"text":"cir1016 - 1988 - Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987","indexId":"cir1016","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":4297,"text":"cir1016 - 1988 - Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987","indexId":"cir1016","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-07T21:26:15","indexId":"70180307","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1016","title":"Off-platform Silurian sequences in the Ambler River quadrangle: A section in Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987","docAbstract":"Lithofacies changes in coeval upper Paleozoic rocks have been used to unravel the tectonic history of northern Alaska (for example, Mayfield and others, 1983). Conodont biostratigraphy and detailed petrologic studies are now revealing facies differences in lower Paleozoic rocks that can also be used to constrain their tectono-sedimentary framework (Dumoulin and Harris, 1987). A basic element of basin analysis is the discrimination of shallow-water shelf and platform sequences from deeper water slope and basinal deposits. This report documents several new localities of deeper water, off-platform Silurian deposits in the Ambler River quadrangle and briefly outlines some of their paleogeographic implications.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987 (Circular 1016)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/70180307","usgsCitation":"Dumoulin, J.A., and Harris, A.G., 1988, Off-platform Silurian sequences in the Ambler River quadrangle: A section in Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1016, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70180307.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"38","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334113,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334112,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1988/1016/report.pdf#page=43","text":"Start page in larger work"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Ambler River quadrangle","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"588b198be4b0ad67323f986a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":661142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harris, Anita G.","contributorId":50162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Anita","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013845,"text":"70013845 - 1988 - Neogene stratigraphy, foraminifera, diatoms, and depositional history of Maria Madre Island, Mexico: Evidence of early Neogene marine conditions in the southern Gulf of California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-02T16:50:04.810598","indexId":"70013845","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2673,"text":"Marine Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Neogene stratigraphy, foraminifera, diatoms, and depositional history of Maria Madre Island, Mexico: Evidence of early Neogene marine conditions in the southern Gulf of California","docAbstract":"This is the twenty-fifth in a series of annual reports that describe ground-water conditions in Utah. Reports in this series, published cooperatively by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Utah Division of Water Resources, provide data to enable interested parties to keep abreast of changing ground-water conditions.
This report, like the others in the series, contains information on well construction, ground-water withdrawals from wells, water-level changes, and related changes in precipitation and streamflow. Supplementary data such as graphs showing chemical quality of water and maps showing water-level contours are included in reports of this series only for those years or areas for which applicable data are available and are important to a discussion of changing ground-water conditions.
This report includes individual discussions of selected major areas of ground-water development in the State for the calendar year 1987. Water-level fluctuations, however, are described from the spring of 1987 to the spring of 1988. Much of the data used in this report were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Division of Water Rights, Utah Department of Natural Resources.
","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Utah","usgsCitation":"Cordy, G.E., Smith, G.J., Roark, D.M., Lambert, P.M., Yarbrough, J.A., Burden, C.B., Garrett, R., Emett, D.C., Thiros, S.A., Sandberg, G.W., and Puchta, R.W., 1988, Developing a state water plan: Ground-water conditions in Utah, spring of 1988: Cooperative Investigations Report 28, vii, 81 p.","productDescription":"vii, 81 p.","numberOfPages":"92","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333658,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":333657,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/libview.exe?Modinfo=Viewpub&LIBNUM=50-1-177"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5883303be4b0d00231637824","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cordy, Gail E.","contributorId":94296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cordy","given":"Gail","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, G. J.","contributorId":80767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roark, D. Michael mroark@usgs.gov","contributorId":127806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roark","given":"D.","email":"mroark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":659617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lambert, Patrick M. 0000-0001-6808-2303 plambert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6808-2303","contributorId":349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambert","given":"Patrick","email":"plambert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":38131,"text":"WMA - Office of Planning and Programming","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":659618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yarbrough, John A.","contributorId":178539,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yarbrough","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Burden, Carole B. cburden@usgs.gov","contributorId":852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burden","given":"Carole","email":"cburden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":659620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Garrett, R. B.","contributorId":35810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrett","given":"R. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Emett, D. C.","contributorId":21213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emett","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Thiros, Susan A. 0000-0002-8544-553X sthiros@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8544-553X","contributorId":965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thiros","given":"Susan","email":"sthiros@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":659623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sandberg, G. W.","contributorId":55426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandberg","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Puchta, R. W","contributorId":177482,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Puchta","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70175350,"text":"70175350 - 1988 - Microbial and biogeochernical processes Soda Lake, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-05T13:35:20","indexId":"70175350","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Microbial and biogeochernical processes Soda Lake, Nevada","docAbstract":"Meromictic, alkaline lakes represent modern-day analogues of lacustrine source rock depositional environments. In order to further our understanding of how these lakes function in terms of limnological and biogeochemical processes, we have conducted an interdisciplinary study of Big Soda Lake. Annual mixolimnion productivity (ca. 500 g m-2) is dominated by a winter diatom bloom (60% of annual) caused by upward transport of ammonia to the epilimnion. The remainder of productivity is attributable to chemoautotrophs (30%) and photosynthetic bacteria (10%) present at the oxic -anoxic interface from May to November. Studies of bacterial heterotrophy and particulate fluxes in the water column indicate that about 90% of annual productivity is remineralized in the mixolimnion, primarily by fermentative bacteria. However, high rates of sulphate reduction (9-29 mmol m-2 yr-1) occur in the monimolimnion waters, which could remineralize most (if not all) of the primary productivity. This discrepancy has not as yet been fully explained. Low rates of methanogenesis also occur in the monimolimnion waters and sediments. Most of the methane is consumed by anaerobic methane oxidation occurring in the monimolimnion water column. Other bacterial processes occurring in the lake are also discussed. Preliminary studies have been made on the organic geochemistry of the monimolimnion sediments. Carbon-14-dating indicates a lower depositional rate prior to meromixis and a downcore enrichment in 13C of organic carbon and chlorophyll derivatives. Hydrous pyrolysis experiments indicate that the sediment organic matter is almost entirely derived from the water column with little or no contribution from terrestrial sources. The significance of the organics released by hydrous pyrolysis is discussed.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Lacustrine petroleum source rocks: Geological Society Special Publication No. 40","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Oremland, R., Cloern, J., Sofer, Z., Smith, R.L., Culbertson, C., Zehr, J., Miller, L., Cole, B., Harvey, R., Iversen, N., Klug, M., Des Marais, D.J., and Rau, G., 1988, Microbial and biogeochernical processes Soda Lake, Nevada, chap. of Lacustrine petroleum source rocks: Geological Society Special Publication No. 40, p. 59-75.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"75","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326143,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a5b8cee4b0ebae89b789ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oremland, R.S.","contributorId":97512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cloern, J. 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L.","contributorId":93904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":644837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Culbertson, C.W.","contributorId":40326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Culbertson","given":"C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zehr, J.","contributorId":173480,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zehr","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Miller, L.","contributorId":97221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cole, B.","contributorId":36744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Harvey, R.","contributorId":84124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Iversen, N.","contributorId":173481,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iversen","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Klug, M.","contributorId":173482,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klug","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Des Marais, D. J.","contributorId":172660,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Des Marais","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":27071,"text":"NASA ARC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Rau, G.","contributorId":173483,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rau","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70176745,"text":"70176745 - 1988 - Depositional environments of the Cache, Lower Lake, and Kelseyville Formations, Lake County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-05T11:13:43","indexId":"70176745","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1727,"text":"GSA Special Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Depositional environments of the Cache, Lower Lake, and Kelseyville Formations, Lake County, California","docAbstract":"We describe the depositional environments of the Cache, Lower Lake, and Kelseyville Formations in light of habitat preferences of recovered mollusks, ostracodes, and diatoms. Our reconstruction of paleoenvironments for these late Cenozoic deposits provides a framework for an understanding of basin evolution and deposition in the Clear Lake region. The Pliocene and Pleistocene Cache Formation was deposited primarily in stream and debris flow environments; fossils from fine-grained deposits indicate shallow, fresh-water environments with locally abundant aquatic vegetation. The fine-grained sediments (mudstone and siltstone) were probably deposited in ponds in abandoned channels or shallow basins behind natural levees. The abandoned channels and shallow basins were associated with the fluvial systems responsible for deposition of the bulk of the technically controlled Cache Formation. The Pleistocene Lower Lake Formation was deposited in a water mass large enough to contain a variety of local environments and current regimes. The recovered fossils imply a lake with water depths of 1 to 5 m. However, there is strong support from habitat preferences of the recovered fossils for inferring a wide range of water depths during deposition of the Lower Lake Formation; they indicate a progressively shallowing system and the culmination of a desiccating lacustrine system. The Pleistocene Kelseyville Formation represents primarily lacustrine deposition with only minor fluvial deposits around the margins of the basin. Local conglomerate beds and fossil tree stumps in growth position within the basin indicate occasional widespread fluvial incursions and depositional hiatuses. The Kelseyville strata represent a large water mass with a muddy and especially fluid substrate having permanent or sporadic periods of anoxia. Central-lake anoxia, whether permanent or at irregular intervals, is the simplest way to account for the low numbers of benthic organisms recovered from the Kelseyville Formation. Similar low-oxygen conditions for benthic life are represented throughout the sedimentary history of Clear Lake. Water depths for the Kelseyville Formation of 10 to 30 m and 12 m near the margins of the basin are inferred both before and after fluvial incursions. These water-depth fluctuations cannot be correlated with major climatic changes as indicated by pollen and fossil leaves and cones; they may be due to faulting in this technically active region.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/SPE214-p45","usgsCitation":"Rymer, M.J., Roth, B., Bradbury, J.P., and Forester, R.M., 1988, Depositional environments of the Cache, Lower Lake, and Kelseyville Formations, Lake County, California: GSA Special Papers, v. 214, p. 45-62, https://doi.org/10.1130/SPE214-p45.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"62","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":329307,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"214","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57febf64e4b0824b2d157938","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rymer, Michael J. mrymer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rymer","given":"Michael","email":"mrymer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":650164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roth, Barry","contributorId":63298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roth","given":"Barry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradbury, J. Platt","contributorId":91106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradbury","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Platt","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Forester, Richard M.","contributorId":71961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forester","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":271,"text":"Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":650167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}