{"pageNumber":"1910","pageRowStart":"47725","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184582,"records":[{"id":98385,"text":"sir20095244 - 2010 - Model Refinement and Simulation of Groundwater Flow in Clinton, Eaton, and Ingham Counties, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:30","indexId":"sir20095244","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5244","title":"Model Refinement and Simulation of Groundwater Flow in Clinton, Eaton, and Ingham Counties, Michigan","docAbstract":"A groundwater-flow model that was constructed in 1996 of the Saginaw aquifer was refined to better represent the regional hydrologic system in the Tri-County region, which consists of Clinton, Eaton, and Ingham Counties, Michigan. With increasing demand for groundwater, the need to manage withdrawals from the Saginaw aquifer has become more important, and the 1996 model could not adequately address issues of water quality and quantity. An updated model was needed to better address potential effects of drought, locally high water demands, reduction of recharge by impervious surfaces, and issues affecting water quality, such as contaminant sources, on water resources and the selection of pumping rates and locations. The refinement of the groundwater-flow model allows simulations to address these issues of water quantity and quality and provides communities with a tool that will enable them to better plan for expansion and protection of their groundwater-supply systems. Model refinement included representation of the system under steady-state and transient conditions, adjustments to the estimated regional groundwater-recharge rates to account for both temporal and spatial differences, adjustments to the representation and hydraulic characteristics of the glacial deposits and Saginaw Formation, and updates to groundwater-withdrawal rates to reflect changes from the early 1900s to 2005.\r\n\r\nSimulations included steady-state conditions (in which stresses remained constant and changes in storage were not included) and transient conditions (in which stresses changed in annual and monthly time scales and changes in storage within the system were included). These simulations included investigation of the potential effects of reduced recharge due to impervious areas or to low-rainfall/drought conditions, delineation of contributing areas with recent pumping rates, and optimization of pumping subject to various quantity and quality constraints. Simulation results indicate potential declines in water levels in both the upper glacial aquifer and the upper sandstone bedrock aquifer under steady-state and transient conditions when recharge was reduced by 20 and 50 percent in urban areas. Transient simulations were done to investigate reduced recharge due to low rainfall and increased pumping to meet anticipated future demand with 24 months (2 years) of modified recharge or modified recharge and pumping rates. During these two simulation years, monthly recharge rates were reduced by about 30 percent, and monthly withdrawal rates for Lansing area production wells were increased by 15 percent. The reduction in the amount of water available to recharge the groundwater system affects the upper model layers representing the glacial aquifers more than the deeper bedrock layers. However, with a reduction in recharge and an increase in withdrawals from the bedrock aquifer, water levels in the bedrock layers are affected more than those in the glacial layers. Differences in water levels between simulations with reduced recharge and reduced recharge with increased pumping are greatest in the Lansing area and least away from pumping centers, as expected. Additionally, the increases in pumping rates had minimal effect on most simulated streamflows. \r\n\r\nAdditional simulations included updating the estimated 10-year wellhead-contributing areas for selected Lansing-area wells under 2006-7 pumping conditions. Optimization of groundwater withdrawals with a water-resource management model was done to determine withdrawal rates while minimizing operational costs and to determine withdrawal locations to achieve additional capacity while meeting specified head constraints. In these optimization scenarios, the desired groundwater withdrawals are achieved by simulating managed wells (where pumping rates can be optimized) and unmanaged wells (where pumping rates are not optimized) and by using various combinations of existing and proposed well locations. \r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095244","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Tri-County Regional Planning Commission","usgsCitation":"Luukkonen, C.L., 2010, Model Refinement and Simulation of Groundwater Flow in Clinton, Eaton, and Ingham Counties, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5244, vii, 53 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095244.","productDescription":"vii, 53 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118672,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5244.jpg"},{"id":13636,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5244/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699a87","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luukkonen, Carol L. clluukko@usgs.gov","contributorId":3489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luukkonen","given":"Carol","email":"clluukko@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":98384,"text":"ofr20101083A - 2010 - Seismicity of the Earth 1900–2010: Caribbean plate and vicinity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-29T21:22:15.359393","indexId":"ofr20101083A","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1083","chapter":"A","title":"Seismicity of the Earth 1900–2010: Caribbean plate and vicinity","docAbstract":"Extensive diversity of tectonic regimes characterizes the perimeter of the Caribbean plate, involving no fewer than four major adjacent plates (North America, South America, Nazca, and Cocos). Inclined zones of deep earthquakes (Wadati-Benioff zones), deep ocean trenches, and arcs of volcanoes clearly indicate subduction of oceanic lithosphere along the Central American and Atlantic Ocean margins of the Caribbean plate, while shallow seismicity and focal mechanisms of major shocks in Guatemala, northern Venezuela, and the Cayman Ridge and Cayman Trench indicate transform fault and pull-apart basin tectonics.\nThe depth profile panels on this map portray earthquakes that extend from the Middle America Trench axis in the west to depths as great as 300 km beneath Guatemala, and from the Lesser Antilles Trench axis in the east to depths of approximately 200 km beneath Guadeloupe and the northeast Caribbean. In contrast, seismicity along the segments of the Caribbean plate margins from Guatemala to Hispaniola and from Trinidad to western Venezuela is indicative of transform fault tectonics.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101083A","usgsCitation":"Benz, H.M., Tarr, A.C., Hayes, G., Villasenor, A.H., Furlong, K.P., Dart, R.L., and Rhea, S., 2010, Seismicity of the Earth 1900–2010: Caribbean plate and vicinity (Revised September 2011): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1083, 1 Plate: 36.04 inches x 24.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101083A.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 36.04 inches x 24.00 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":301,"text":"Geologic Hazards Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118665,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1083_a.jpg"},{"id":13635,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1083/a/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"8000000","otherGeospatial":"Caribbean plate and vicinity","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97,-2 ], [ -97,24 ], [ -55,24 ], [ -55,-2 ], [ -97,-2 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Revised September 2011","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e771f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benz, Harley M. 0000-0002-6860-2134 benz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-2134","contributorId":794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benz","given":"Harley","email":"benz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tarr, Arthur C. atarr@usgs.gov","contributorId":1925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tarr","given":"Arthur","email":"atarr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":305149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hayes, Gavin P. 0000-0003-3323-0112","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3323-0112","contributorId":6157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Gavin P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Villasenor, Antonio H. 0000-0001-8592-4832","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8592-4832","contributorId":38186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villasenor","given":"Antonio","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Furlong, Kevin P. 0000-0002-2674-5110","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2674-5110","contributorId":19576,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Furlong","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dart, Richard L. dart@usgs.gov","contributorId":1209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dart","given":"Richard","email":"dart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":305148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rhea, Susan","contributorId":81110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhea","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":98391,"text":"ofr20091028 - 2010 - A Review of Land-Cover Mapping Activities in Coastal Alabama and Mississippi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:53","indexId":"ofr20091028","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1028","title":"A Review of Land-Cover Mapping Activities in Coastal Alabama and Mississippi","docAbstract":"INTRODUCTION\r\nLand-use and land-cover (LULC) data provide important information for environmental management. Data pertaining to land-cover and land-management activities are a common requirement for spatial analyses, such as watershed modeling, climate change, and hazard assessment. In coastal areas, land development, storms, and shoreline modification amplify the need for frequent and detailed land-cover datasets. The northern Gulf of Mexico coastal area is no exception. The impact of severe storms, increases in urban area, dramatic changes in land cover, and loss of coastal-wetland habitat all indicate a vital need for reliable and comparable land-cover data. \r\n\r\nFour main attributes define a land-cover dataset: the date/time of data collection, the spatial resolution, the type of classification, and the source data. The source data are the foundation dataset used to generate LULC classification and are typically remotely sensed data, such as aerial photography or satellite imagery. These source data have a large influence on the final LULC data product, so much so that one can classify LULC datasets into two general groups: LULC data derived from aerial photography and LULC data derived from satellite imagery. The final LULC data can be converted from one format to another (for instance, vector LULC data can be converted into raster data for analysis purposes, and vice versa), but each subsequent dataset maintains the imprint of the source medium within its spatial accuracy and data features. The source data will also influence the spatial and temporal resolution, as well as the type of classification.\r\n\r\nThe intended application of the LULC data typically defines the type of source data and methodology, with satellite imagery being selected for large landscapes (state-wide, national data products) and repeatability (environmental monitoring and change analysis). The coarse spatial scale and lack of refined land-use categories are typical drawbacks to satellite-based land-use classifications. Aerial photography is typically selected for smaller landscapes (watershed-basin scale), for greater definition of the land-use categories, and for increased spatial resolution. Disadvantages of using photography include time-consuming digitization, high costs for imagery collection, and lack of seasonal data. Recently, the availability of high-resolution satellite imagery has generated a new category of LULC data product. These new datasets have similar strengths to the aerial-photo-based LULC in that they possess the potential for refined definition of land-use categories and increased spatial resolution but also have the benefit of satellite-based classifications, such as repeatability for change analysis. LULC classification based on high-resolution satellite imagery is still in the early stages of development but merits greater attention because environmental-monitoring and landscape-modeling programs rely heavily on LULC data.\r\n\r\nThis publication summarizes land-use and land-cover mapping activities for Alabama and Mississippi coastal areas within the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM) Ecosystem Change and Hazard Susceptibility Project boundaries. Existing LULC datasets will be described, as well as imagery data sources and ancillary data that may provide ground-truth or satellite training data for a forthcoming land-cover classification. Finally, potential areas for a high-resolution land-cover classification in the Alabama-Mississippi region will be identified.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091028","usgsCitation":"Smith, K., Nayegandhi, A., and Brock, J., 2010, A Review of Land-Cover Mapping Activities in Coastal Alabama and Mississippi: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1028, iv, 19 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091028.","productDescription":"iv, 19 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118680,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2009_1028.jpg"},{"id":13642,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1028/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90.33333333333333,29.666666666666668 ], [ -90.33333333333333,31.416666666666668 ], [ -87,31.416666666666668 ], [ -87,29.666666666666668 ], [ -90.33333333333333,29.666666666666668 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4967e4b0b290850ef21d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Kathryn E. L.","contributorId":20860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kathryn E. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nayegandhi, Amar","contributorId":37292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nayegandhi","given":"Amar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brock, John 0000-0002-5289-9332 jbrock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5289-9332","contributorId":2261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brock","given":"John","email":"jbrock@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":98387,"text":"fs20103038 - 2010 - Fort Collins Science Center- Policy Analysis and Science Assistance Branch : Integrating social, behavioral, economic and biological sciences","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-19T10:01:34","indexId":"fs20103038","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3038","title":"Fort Collins Science Center- Policy Analysis and Science Assistance Branch : Integrating social, behavioral, economic and biological sciences","docAbstract":"<p>The Fort Collins Science Center's Policy Analysis and Science Assistance (PASA) Branch is a team of approximately 22 scientists, technicians, and graduate student researchers. PASA provides unique capabilities in the U.S. Geological Survey by leading projects that integrate social, behavioral, economic, and biological analyses in the context of human-natural resource interactions. Resource planners, managers, and policymakers in the U.S. Departments of the Interior (DOI) and Agriculture (USDA), State and local agencies, as well as international agencies use information from PASA studies to make informed natural resource management and policy decisions. PASA scientists' primary functions are to conduct both theoretical and applied social science research, provide technical assistance, and offer training to advance performance in policy relevant research areas. Management and research issues associated with human-resource interactions typically occur in a unique context, involve difficult to access populations, require knowledge of both natural/biological science in addition to social science, and require the skill to integrate multiple science disciplines. In response to these difficult contexts, PASA researchers apply traditional and state-of-the-art social science methods drawing from the fields of sociology, demography, economics, political science, communications, social-psychology, and applied industrial organization psychology. Social science methods work in concert with our rangeland/agricultural management, wildlife, ecology, and biology capabilities. The goal of PASA's research is to enhance natural resource management, agency functions, policies, and decision-making. Our research is organized into four broad areas of study.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20103038","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 2010, Fort Collins Science Center- Policy Analysis and Science Assistance Branch : Integrating social, behavioral, economic and biological sciences: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3038, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103038.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118667,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3038.jpg"},{"id":325424,"rank":101,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3038/pdf/FS10-3038.pdf"},{"id":13638,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3038/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6bbce4b0b290851041c4"}
,{"id":98383,"text":"ofr20101080 - 2010 - Chemistry of selected core samples, concentrate, tailings, and tailings pond waters: Pea Ridge iron (-lanthanide-gold) deposit, Washington County, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-10T19:06:01.12288","indexId":"ofr20101080","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1080","title":"Chemistry of selected core samples, concentrate, tailings, and tailings pond waters: Pea Ridge iron (-lanthanide-gold) deposit, Washington County, Missouri","docAbstract":"The Minerals at Risk and for Emerging Technologies Project of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Mineral Resources Program is examining potential sources of lanthanide elements (rare earth elements) as part of its objective to provide up-to-date geologic information regarding mineral commodities likely to have increased demand in the near term. As part of the examination effort, a short visit was made to the Pea Ridge iron (-lanthanide-gold) deposit, Washington County, Missouri in October 2008. The deposit, currently owned by Wings Enterprises, Inc. of St. Louis, Missouri (Wings), contains concentrations of lanthanides that may be economic as a primary product or as a byproduct of iron ore production. This report tabulates the results of chemical analyses of the Pea Ridge samples and compares rare earth elements contents for world class lanthanide deposits with those of the Pea Ridge deposit. The data presented for the Pea Ridge deposit are preliminary and include some company data that have not been verified by the USGS or by the Missouri Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geology and Land Survey (DGLS), Geological Survey Program (MGS). The inclusion of company data is for comparative purposes only and does not imply an endorsement by either the USGS or MGS.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101080","usgsCitation":"Grauch, R.I., Verplanck, P.L., Seeger, C.M., Budahn, J.R., and Van Gosen, B.S., 2010, Chemistry of selected core samples, concentrate, tailings, and tailings pond waters: Pea Ridge iron (-lanthanide-gold) deposit, Washington County, Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1080, Report: iii, 15 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101080.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 15 p.; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2008-10-01","temporalEnd":"2008-10-31","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118666,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1080.jpg"},{"id":402064,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_93118.htm"},{"id":13634,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1080/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","county":"Washington County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.0489,\n              38.1261\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.0475,\n              38.1261\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.0475,\n              38.1283\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.0489,\n              38.1283\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.0489,\n              38.1261\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dee4b07f02db5e280c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grauch, Richard I. 0000-0002-1763-0813 rgrauch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1763-0813","contributorId":1193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"Richard","email":"rgrauch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":305145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Verplanck, Philip L. 0000-0002-3653-6419 plv@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-6419","contributorId":728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verplanck","given":"Philip","email":"plv@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seeger, Cheryl M.","contributorId":63848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seeger","given":"Cheryl","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Budahn, James R. 0000-0001-9794-8882 jbudahn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9794-8882","contributorId":1175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budahn","given":"James","email":"jbudahn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Van Gosen, Bradley S. 0000-0003-4214-3811 bvangose@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4214-3811","contributorId":1174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Gosen","given":"Bradley","email":"bvangose@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":98388,"text":"sir20105076 - 2010 - Polychlorinated Biphenyls in suspended-sediment samples from outfalls to Meandering Road Creek at Air Force Plant 4, Fort Worth, Texas, 2003-08","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-11T16:32:48","indexId":"sir20105076","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5076","title":"Polychlorinated Biphenyls in suspended-sediment samples from outfalls to Meandering Road Creek at Air Force Plant 4, Fort Worth, Texas, 2003-08","docAbstract":"<p>Meandering Road Creek is an intermittent stream and tributary to Lake Worth, a reservoir on the West Fork Trinity River on the western edge of Fort Worth, Texas. U.S. Air Force Plant 4 (AFP4) is on the eastern shore of Woods Inlet, an arm of Lake Worth. Meandering Road Creek gains inflow from several stormwater outfalls as it flows across AFP4. Several studies have characterized polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the water and sediments of Lake Worth and Meandering Road Creek; sources of PCBs are believed to originate primarily from AFP4. Two previous U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) reports documented elevated PCB concentrations in surficial sediment samples from Woods Inlet relative to concentrations in surficial sediment samples from other parts of Lake Worth. The second of these two previous reports also identified some of the sources of PCBs to Lake Worth. These reports were followed by a third USGS report that documented the extent of PCB contamination in Meandering Road Creek and Woods Inlet and identified runoff from outfalls 4 and 5 at AFP4 as prominent sources of these PCBs. This report describes the results of a fourth study by the USGS, in cooperation with the Lockheed Martin Corporation, to investigate PCBs in suspended-sediment samples in storm runoff from outfalls 4 and 5 at AFP4 following the implementation of engineering controls designed to potentially alleviate PCB contamination in the drainage areas of these outfalls. Suspended-sediment samples collected from outfalls 4 and 5 during storms on March 2 and November 10, 2008, were analyzed for selected PCBs. Sums of concentrations of 18 reported PCB congeners (Sigma PCBc) in suspended-sediment samples collected before and after implementation of engineering controls are compared. At both outfalls, the Sigma PCBc before engineering controls was higher than the Sigma PCBc after engineering controls. The Sigma PCBc in suspended-sediment samples collected at AFP4 before and after implementation of engineering controls also is compared to the threshold effect concentration (TEC), the concentration below which adverse effects to benthic biota rarely occur. Sigma PCBc exceeded the TEC for 75 percent of the samples collected at outfall 4 and 67 percent of the samples collected at outfall 5 before the implementation of engineering controls. Sigma PCBc did not exceed the TEC in samples collected at either outfall 4 or outfall 5 after the implementation of engineering controls. The relative prominence of 10 selected PCB congeners was evaluated by graphical analysis of ratios of individual concentrations of the 10 PCB congeners to the sum of these PCB congeners. An overall decrease in concentrations of PCB congeners at outfalls 4 and 5 after implementation of engineering controls, as well as a shift in prominence from lighter, less chlorinated congeners to a heavier, more chlorinated congener might have resulted from the implementation of engineering controls. Because of the small number of samples collected and lack of runoff and precipitation data to evaluate comparability of sampling conditions before and after implementation of engineering controls, all conclusions are preliminary.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, Virginia","doi":"10.3133/sir20105076","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Lockheed Martin Corporation","usgsCitation":"Braun, C.L., and Wilson, J.T., 2010, Polychlorinated Biphenyls in suspended-sediment samples from outfalls to Meandering Road Creek at Air Force Plant 4, Fort Worth, Texas, 2003-08: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5076, vi, 20 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105076.","productDescription":"vi, 20 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2008-03-02","temporalEnd":"2010-11-10","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126290,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2010_5076.jpg"},{"id":13639,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5076/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.45083333333334,32.75 ], [ -97.45083333333334,32.78388888888889 ], [ -97.40138888888889,32.78388888888889 ], [ -97.40138888888889,32.75 ], [ -97.45083333333334,32.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db683992","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Braun, Christopher L. 0000-0002-5540-2854 clbraun@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5540-2854","contributorId":925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braun","given":"Christopher","email":"clbraun@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, Jennifer T. 0000-0003-4481-6354 jenwilso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-6354","contributorId":1782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Jennifer","email":"jenwilso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98390,"text":"ofr20101073 - 2010 - Water-Quality Data from Upper Klamath and Agency Lakes, Oregon, 2007-08","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:30","indexId":"ofr20101073","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1073","title":"Water-Quality Data from Upper Klamath and Agency Lakes, Oregon, 2007-08","docAbstract":"Significant Findings\r\n\r\nThe U.S. Geological Survey Upper Klamath Lake water-quality monitoring program collected data from multiparameter continuous water-quality monitors, weekly water-quality samples, and meteorological stations during May-November 2007 and 2008. The results of these measurements and sample analyses are presented in this report for 29 stations on Upper Klamath Lake and 2 stations on Agency Lake, as well as quality-assurance data for the water-quality samples. Some of the significant findings from 2007 and 2008 are listed below.\r\n\r\nIn 2007-08, ammonia concentrations were at or near the detection limit at all stations during the second week in June, after which they began to increase, with peak concentrations occurring from July through November. \r\nThe concentration of un-ionized ammonia, which can be toxic to aquatic life, first began to increase in mid-June and peaked in July or August at most sites. Concentrations of un-ionized ammonia measured in the Upper Klamath Lake in 2007-08 did not reach concentrations that would have been potentially lethal to suckers. \r\nSamples collected for the analysis of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) late in the 2007 season showed no evidence of an increase in DOC subsequent to the breaching of the Williamson River Delta levees on October 30. \r\nIn 2007-08, the lakewide daily median of dissolved oxygen concentration began to increase in early June, and peaked in mid- to late June. \r\nThe lakewide daily median pH began to increase from early June and peaked in late June (2007) or early July (2008). Lakewide daily median pH slowly decreased during the rest of both seasons. \r\nThe 2007 lakewide daily median specific conductance values first peaked on July 1, coincident with a peak in dissolved oxygen concentration and pH, followed by a decrease through mid-July. Specific conductance then remained relatively stable until mid-October when a sharp increase began that continued until the end of the season. Lakewide specific conductance values for 2008 steadily increased through the season to a maximum in late September. \r\nLakewide daily median temperatures in both years began to increase during the beginning of June and peaked in July. These temperatures persisted until late August to early September when a gradual decrease occurred. \r\nIn 2007-08, water-quality conditions monitored at the Agency Lake northern and southern stations were similar to those in Klamath Lake. \r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101073","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Kannarr, K.E., Tanner, D.Q., Lindenberg, M.K., and Wood, T.M., 2010, Water-Quality Data from Upper Klamath and Agency Lakes, Oregon, 2007-08: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1073, Report: vi, 28 p.; Appendices   , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101073.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 28 p.; Appendices   ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118670,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1073.jpg"},{"id":13641,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1073/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.75,42.21666666666667 ], [ -121.75,42.6 ], [ -122.16666666666667,42.6 ], [ -122.16666666666667,42.21666666666667 ], [ -121.75,42.21666666666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f4a5f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kannarr, Kristofor E.","contributorId":76037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kannarr","given":"Kristofor","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tanner, Dwight Q.","contributorId":93452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanner","given":"Dwight","email":"","middleInitial":"Q.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lindenberg, Mary K.","contributorId":40290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindenberg","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wood, Tamara M. 0000-0001-6057-8080 tmwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6057-8080","contributorId":1164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Tamara","email":"tmwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":98393,"text":"ds500 - 2010 - Geophysical Logs of Selected Wells at the Diaz Chemical Superfund Site in the Village of Holley, New York, 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:30","indexId":"ds500","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"500","title":"Geophysical Logs of Selected Wells at the Diaz Chemical Superfund Site in the Village of Holley, New York, 2009","docAbstract":"Geophysical logs were collected and analyzed to define the bedrock fracture patterns and flow zones penetrated by three wells at the Diaz Chemical Superfund Site in the Village of Holley in Orleans County, New York. The work was conducted in December 2009 as part of the investigation of contamination by organic compounds in the shale, mudstone, and sandstone bedrock at the Site. The geophysical logs include natural-gamma, caliper, borehole image, fluid properties, and flowmeter data. The orientation of fractures in the boreholes was inferred from the log data and summarized in stereo and tadpole plots; when possible, the transmissivity and hydraulic head was also determined for fracture zones that were observed to be hydraulically active through the flowmeter logs. The data are intended, in part, for use in the remediation of the site.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds500","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Eckhardt, D., and Anderson, J., 2010, Geophysical Logs of Selected Wells at the Diaz Chemical Superfund Site in the Village of Holley, New York, 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 500, iii, 15 p.  , https://doi.org/10.3133/ds500.","productDescription":"iii, 15 p.  ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2009-12-01","temporalEnd":"2009-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118671,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_500.jpg"},{"id":13644,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/500/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -78.03416666666666,43.21666666666667 ], [ -78.03416666666666,43.217777777777776 ], [ -78.01666666666667,43.217777777777776 ], [ -78.01666666666667,43.21666666666667 ], [ -78.03416666666666,43.21666666666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1de4b07f02db6a9dfa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eckhardt, David A.V.","contributorId":80233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eckhardt","given":"David A.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, J. Alton","contributorId":56724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"J. Alton","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98392,"text":"ds477 - 2010 - Cartographic Production for the FLaSH Map Study: Generation of Rugosity Grids, 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:04","indexId":"ds477","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"477","title":"Cartographic Production for the FLaSH Map Study: Generation of Rugosity Grids, 2008","docAbstract":"Project Summary\r\nThis series of raster data is a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Data Series release from the Florida Shelf Habitat Project (FLaSH). This disc contains two raster images in Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. (ESRI) raster grid format, jpeg image format, and Geo-referenced Tagged Image File Format (GeoTIFF). Data is also provided in non-image ASCII format. Rugosity grids at two resolutions (250 m and 1000 m) were generated for West Florida shelf waters to 250 m using a custom algorithm that follows the methods of Valentine and others (2004). The Methods portion of this document describes the specific steps used to generate the raster images.\r\n\r\nRugosity, also referred to as roughness, ruggedness, or the surface-area ratio (Riley and others, 1999; Wilson and others, 2007), is a visual and quantitative measurement of terrain complexity, a common variable in ecological habitat studies. The rugosity of an area can affect biota by influencing habitat, providing shelter from elements, determining the quantity and type of living space, influencing the type and quantity of flora, affecting predator-prey relationships by providing cover and concealment, and, as an expression of vertical relief, can influence local environmental conditions such as temperature and moisture. In the marine environment rugosity can furthermore influence current flow rate and direction, increase the residence time of water in an area through eddying and current deflection, influence local water conditions such as chemistry, turbidity, and temperature, and influence the rate and nature of sedimentary deposition.\r\n\r\nState-of-the-art computer-mapping techniques and data-processing tools were used to develop shelf-wide raster and vector data layers. Florida Shelf Habitat (FLaSH) Mapping Project (http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/flash) endeavors to locate available data, identify data gaps, synthesize existing information, and expand our understanding of geologic processes in our dynamic coastal and marine systems.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds477","usgsCitation":"Robbins, L.L., Knorr, P.O., and Hansen, M., 2010, Cartographic Production for the FLaSH Map Study: Generation of Rugosity Grids, 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 477,   , https://doi.org/10.3133/ds477.","productDescription":"  ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118457,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_477.jpg"},{"id":13643,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/477/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5efe75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, Lisa L. 0000-0003-3681-1094 lrobbins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3681-1094","contributorId":422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"Lisa","email":"lrobbins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knorr, Paul O. pknorr@usgs.gov","contributorId":3691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knorr","given":"Paul","email":"pknorr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hansen, Mark","contributorId":81893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":98389,"text":"ofr20101058 - 2010 - Preliminary Investigation of Paleochannels and Groundwater Specific Conductance using Direct-Current Resistivity and Surface-Wave Seismic Geophysical Surveys at the Standard Chlorine of Delaware, Inc., Superfund Site, Delaware City, Delaware, 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:30","indexId":"ofr20101058","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1058","title":"Preliminary Investigation of Paleochannels and Groundwater Specific Conductance using Direct-Current Resistivity and Surface-Wave Seismic Geophysical Surveys at the Standard Chlorine of Delaware, Inc., Superfund Site, Delaware City, Delaware, 2008","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with Region III of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and the State of Delaware, is conducting an ongoing study of the water-quality and hydrogeologic properties of the Columbia and Potomac aquifers and the extent of cross-aquifer contamination with benzene; chlorobenzene; 1,2-dichlorobenzene; 1,4-dichlorobenzene; and hydrogen chloride (hydrochloric acid when dissolved in water) in the vicinity of the Standard Chlorine of Delaware, Inc. (SCD), Superfund Site, Delaware City, Delaware. Surface geophysical surveys and well data were used to identify and correlate low-permeability units (clays) across the site and to search for sand and gravel filled paleochannels that are potential conduits and receptors of contaminated groundwater and (or) Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid (DNAPL) contaminants. The combined surveys and well data were also used to characterize areas of the site that have groundwater with elevated (greater than 1,000 microsiemens per centimeter) specific conductance (SC) as a result of contamination.\r\n\r\nThe most electrically conductive features measured with direct-current (DC) resistivity at the SCD site are relatively impermeable clays and permeable sediment that are associated with elevated SC in groundwater. Many of the resistive features include paleochannel deposits consisting of coarse-grained sediments that are unsaturated, have low (less than 200 microsiemens per centimeter) SC pore water, or are cemented. Groundwater in uncontaminated parts of the Columbia aquifer and of the Potomac aquifer has a low SC. Specific-conductance data from monitoring wells at the site were used to corroborate the DC-resistivity survey results. For comparison with DC-resistivity surveys, multi-channel analysis of surface wave (MASW) surveys were used and were able to penetrate deep enough to measure the Columbia aquifer, which is known to have elevated SC in some places. MASW survey results respond to solid material stiffness; clays and cemented sediments will have a higher velocity than silts, sands, and gravels (in order of increasing hydraulic conductivity).\r\n\r\nGeophysical surveys detected elevated SC associated with contamination of the surficial Columbia aquifer. Groundwater with elevated SC over ambient (by an order of magnitude) produced a decrease in measured resistivity at the SCD site. Where SC data are not available from wells, it is not known if a low resistivity value measured with DC resistivity alone results from the geologic material (clay) or elevated SC in groundwater (in sand or gravel). Seismic surface waves used as part of the MASW technique are not affected by water content or quality and are used herein to distinguish between sand and clay when SC is high. Through concurrent interpretation of MASW and DC-resistivity surveys, information was gained about water quality and lithology over large areas at the SCD site.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101058","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Degnan, J.R., and Brayton, M.J., 2010, Preliminary Investigation of Paleochannels and Groundwater Specific Conductance using Direct-Current Resistivity and Surface-Wave Seismic Geophysical Surveys at the Standard Chlorine of Delaware, Inc., Superfund Site, Delaware City, Delaware, 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1058, viii, 27 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101058.","productDescription":"viii, 27 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":468,"text":"New Hampshire-Vermont Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118458,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1058.jpg"},{"id":13640,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1058/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76,38.333333333333336 ], [ -76,40 ], [ -74.33333333333333,40 ], [ -74.33333333333333,38.333333333333336 ], [ -76,38.333333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e4ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Degnan, James R. 0000-0002-5665-9010 jrdegnan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5665-9010","contributorId":498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Degnan","given":"James","email":"jrdegnan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brayton, Michael J. mbrayton@usgs.gov","contributorId":2993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brayton","given":"Michael","email":"mbrayton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70118546,"text":"70118546 - 2010 - Evaluation of the role of magmatic volatiles from Eocene mafic to felsic igneous rocks in the formation of Carlin-type gold deposits of the Carlin trend and Jerritt Canyon District as constrained by preliminary He, Pb, Sr, and Nd isotopic data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-29T14:43:21.583946","indexId":"70118546","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-14T11:03:41","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Evaluation of the role of magmatic volatiles from Eocene mafic to felsic igneous rocks in the formation of Carlin-type gold deposits of the Carlin trend and Jerritt Canyon District as constrained by preliminary He, Pb, Sr, and Nd isotopic data","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Great Basin evolution and metallogeny: Geological Society of Nevada, 2010 Symposium, May 14-22","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Geological Society of Nevada 2010 Symposium","conferenceDate":"May 14-22, 2010","conferenceLocation":"Reno-Sparks, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of Nevada","publisherLocation":"Lancaster, PA","usgsCitation":"Hofstra, A.H., Landis, G.P., Premo, W.R., Ressel, M., and Henry, C., 2010, Evaluation of the role of magmatic volatiles from Eocene mafic to felsic igneous rocks in the formation of Carlin-type gold deposits of the Carlin trend and Jerritt Canyon District as constrained by preliminary He, Pb, Sr, and Nd isotopic data, <i>in</i> Great Basin evolution and metallogeny: Geological Society of Nevada, 2010 Symposium, May 14-22, Reno-Sparks, NV, May 14-22, 2010, 1 p.","productDescription":"1 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-020238","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":291277,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe8279e4b0824b2d14860e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hofstra, Albert H. 0000-0002-2450-1593 ahofstra@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-1593","contributorId":1302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofstra","given":"Albert","email":"ahofstra@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":496977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landis, Gary P.","contributorId":72405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landis","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Premo, Wayne R. 0000-0001-9904-4801 wpremo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9904-4801","contributorId":1697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Premo","given":"Wayne","email":"wpremo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":496978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ressel, M.W.","contributorId":68234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ressel","given":"M.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Henry, Christopher D.","contributorId":36556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henry","given":"Christopher D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70157571,"text":"70157571 - 2010 - Petrology and hydrothermal alteration of Jurassic intrusive rocks associated with gold deposits in the Bald Mountain mining district, White Pine County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-09T17:30:04.127589","indexId":"70157571","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Petrology and hydrothermal alteration of Jurassic intrusive rocks associated with gold deposits in the Bald Mountain mining district, White Pine County, Nevada","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Great Basin evolution and metallogeny: Geological Society of Nevada, 2010 Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Great Basin evolution and metallogeny: Geological Society of Nevada, 2010 Symposium","conferenceDate":"May 14-22 2010","conferenceLocation":"Reno-Sparks, Nevada","language":"English","publisher":"DEStech Publications","usgsCitation":"du Bray, E.A., Nash, J.T., Meeker, G.P., Adams, D., and Wright, W.A., 2010, Petrology and hydrothermal alteration of Jurassic intrusive rocks associated with gold deposits in the Bald Mountain mining district, White Pine County, Nevada, <i>in</i> Great Basin evolution and metallogeny: Geological Society of Nevada, 2010 Symposium, Reno-Sparks, Nevada, May 14-22 2010, p. 1019-1038.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1019","endPage":"1038","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-017529","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308672,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"White Pine","otherGeospatial":"Bald Mountain mining district","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.64981460571289,\n              39.908419482750716\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.55746078491211,\n              39.908419482750716\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.55746078491211,\n              39.98040862671509\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.64981460571289,\n              39.98040862671509\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.64981460571289,\n              39.908419482750716\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560a64dbe4b058f706e536e5","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Steininger, Roger","contributorId":148048,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steininger","given":"Roger","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573680,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pennell, Bill","contributorId":148049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pennell","given":"Bill","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573681,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"du Bray, Edward A. 0000-0002-4383-8394 edubray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4383-8394","contributorId":755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"du Bray","given":"Edward","email":"edubray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nash, J. Thomas","contributorId":26306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nash","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meeker, Gregory P.","contributorId":62974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meeker","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adams, David","contributorId":148050,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wright, William A.","contributorId":148051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wright","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":98373,"text":"sim3089 - 2010 - Geologic Map of the Greenaway Quadrangle (V-24), Venus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:05","indexId":"sim3089","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3089","title":"Geologic Map of the Greenaway Quadrangle (V-24), Venus","docAbstract":"The Greenaway quadrangle (V-24; lat 0 degrees -25 degrees N., long 120 degrees -150 degrees E.), Venus, derives its name from the impact crater Greenaway, centered at lat 22.9 degrees N., long 145.1 degrees E., in the northeastern part of the quadrangle. Greenaway was a well-noted writer and illustrator of children`s books in Britain during the nineteenth century. In Greenaway`s honor, the Library Association of Great Britain presents the annual Kate Greenaway Medal to an illustrator living and publishing in Britain who has produced the most distinguished children`s book illustrations for that year. \r\n\r\nThe Greenaway quadrangle occupies an 8,400,000 km2 equatorial swath of lowlands and highlands. The map area is bounded by the crustal plateau, Thetis Regio, to the south and Gegute Tessera to the west. The rest of the quadrangle consists of part of Llorona Planitia, which is part of the vast lowlands that cover about 80 percent of Venus` surface. The southern map area marks the north edge of Aphrodite Terra, including Thetis Regio, that includes the highest topography in the quadrangle with elevations reaching >1 km above the Mean Planetary Radius (MPR; 6,051.84 km). Northern Aphrodite Terra abruptly slopes north to Llorona Planitia. A broad northeast-trending topographic arch pocked with coronae separates two northeast-trending elongate basins, Llorona Planitia on the east, that form depositional centers for shield and coronae-sourced materials; both basins drop to elevations of <-1 km. In addition to these major features, the map area hosts thousands of small volcanic constructs (shields); seven coronae; ribbon-tessera terrain; suites of faults, fractures, and wrinkle ridges; 23 impact craters; and one craterless splotch. \r\n\r\nOur goal for mapping the geology of the Greenaway quadrangle was to determine the geologic history for this region, which in turn provides insights into volcanic and tectonic processes that shaped the Venusian surface. Map relations illustrate that aerially expansive shield terrain (unit st) played a primary role and coronae played a secondary role in volcanic resurfacing across the map area. \r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sim3089","collaboration":"Prepared for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration","usgsCitation":"Lang, N.P., and Hansen, V.L., 2010, Geologic Map of the Greenaway Quadrangle (V-24), Venus: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3089, Pamphlet: ii, 14 p.; Table; 1 Map Sheet: 44.84 x 31.20 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3089.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: ii, 14 p.; Table; 1 Map Sheet: 44.84 x 31.20 inches","onlineOnly":"N","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118661,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_3089.jpg"},{"id":13621,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3089/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"0","projection":"Mercator Projection","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 120,0 ], [ 120,25 ], [ 150,25 ], [ 150,0 ], [ 120,0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a851b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lang, Nicholas P.","contributorId":32495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lang","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hansen, Vicki L.","contributorId":101238,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hansen","given":"Vicki","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6915,"text":"University of Minnesota - Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":305121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98380,"text":"sir20095267 - 2010 - Methods for estimating flow-duration and annual mean-flow statistics for ungaged streams in Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-17T09:21:20","indexId":"sir20095267","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5267","title":"Methods for estimating flow-duration and annual mean-flow statistics for ungaged streams in Oklahoma","docAbstract":"Flow statistics can be used to provide decision makers with surface-water information needed for activities such as water-supply permitting, flow regulation, and other water rights issues. Flow statistics could be needed at any location along a stream. Most often, streamflow statistics are needed at ungaged sites, where no flow data are available to compute the statistics. Methods are presented in this report for estimating flow-duration and annual mean-flow statistics for ungaged streams in Oklahoma. \n\nFlow statistics included the (1) annual (period of record), (2) seasonal (summer-autumn and winter-spring), and (3) 12 monthly duration statistics, including the 20th, 50th, 80th, 90th, and 95th percentile flow exceedances, and the annual mean-flow (mean of daily flows for the period of record). Flow statistics were calculated from daily streamflow information collected from 235 streamflow-gaging stations throughout Oklahoma and areas in adjacent states.\n\nA drainage-area ratio method is the preferred method for estimating flow statistics at an ungaged location that is on a stream near a gage. The method generally is reliable only if the drainage-area ratio of the two sites is between 0.5 and 1.5. \n\nRegression equations that relate flow statistics to drainage-basin characteristics were developed for the purpose of estimating selected flow-duration and annual mean-flow statistics for ungaged streams that are not near gaging stations on the same stream. Regression equations were developed from flow statistics and drainage-basin characteristics for 113 unregulated gaging stations. \n\nSeparate regression equations were developed by using U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations in regions with similar drainage-basin characteristics. These equations can increase the accuracy of regression equations used for estimating flow-duration and annual mean-flow statistics at ungaged stream locations in Oklahoma. Streamflow-gaging stations were grouped by selected drainage-basin characteristics by using a k-means cluster analysis. Three regions were identified for Oklahoma on the basis of the clustering of gaging stations and a manual delineation of distinguishable hydrologic and geologic boundaries: Region 1 (western Oklahoma excluding the Oklahoma and Texas Panhandles), Region 2 (north- and south-central Oklahoma), and Region 3 (eastern and central Oklahoma). \n\nA total of 228 regression equations (225 flow-duration regressions and three annual mean-flow regressions) were developed using ordinary least-squares and left-censored (Tobit) multiple-regression techniques. These equations can be used to estimate 75 flow-duration statistics and annual mean-flow for ungaged streams in the three regions. Drainage-basin characteristics that were statistically significant independent variables in the regression analyses were (1) contributing drainage area; (2) station elevation; (3) mean drainage-basin elevation; (4) channel slope; (5) percentage of forested canopy; (6) mean drainage-basin hillslope; (7) soil permeability; and (8) mean annual, seasonal, and monthly precipitation. \n\nThe accuracy of flow-duration regression equations generally decreased from high-flow exceedance (low-exceedance probability) to low-flow exceedance (high-exceedance probability) . This decrease may have happened because a greater uncertainty exists for low-flow estimates and low-flow is largely affected by localized geology that was not quantified by the drainage-basin characteristics selected.\n\nThe standard errors of estimate of regression equations for Region 1 (western Oklahoma) were substantially larger than those standard errors for other regions, especially for low-flow exceedances. These errors may be a result of greater variability in low flow because of increased irrigation activities in this region.\n\nRegression equations may not be reliable for sites where the drainage-basin characteristics are outside the range of values of independent vari","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095267","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Oklahoma Water Resources Board","usgsCitation":"Esralew, R.A., and Smith, S.J., 2010, Methods for estimating flow-duration and annual mean-flow statistics for ungaged streams in Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5267, vi, 53 p.; Tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095267.","productDescription":"vi, 53 p.; Tables","onlineOnly":"N","costCenters":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125390,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5267.jpg"},{"id":13630,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5267/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -103.66666666666667,34 ], [ -103.66666666666667,38 ], [ -94,38 ], [ -94,34 ], [ -103.66666666666667,34 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e80d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Esralew, Rachel A.","contributorId":104862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esralew","given":"Rachel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, S. Jerrod 0000-0002-9379-8167 sjsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9379-8167","contributorId":981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.","email":"sjsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Jerrod","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98375,"text":"fs20103026 - 2010 - Landsat: A Global Land-Imaging Project","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":75993,"text":"fs20053130 - 2005 - Landsat: A global land-observing program","indexId":"fs20053130","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"title":"Landsat: A global land-observing program"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":98375,"text":"fs20103026 - 2010 - Landsat: A Global Land-Imaging Project","indexId":"fs20103026","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Landsat: A Global Land-Imaging Project"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:03","indexId":"fs20103026","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3026","title":"Landsat: A Global Land-Imaging Project","docAbstract":"Across nearly four decades since 1972, Landsat satellites continuously have acquired space-based images of the Earth's land surface, coastal shallows, and coral reefs. The Landsat Program, a joint effort of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), was established to routinely gather land imagery from space; consequently, NASA develops remote-sensing instruments and spacecraft, then launches and validates the satellites. The USGS then assumes ownership and operation of the satellites, in addition to managing all ground-data reception, archiving, product generation, and distribution. The result of this program is a visible, long-term record of natural and human-induced changes on the global landscape.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20103026","usgsCitation":"Headley, R., 2010, Landsat: A Global Land-Imaging Project: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3026, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103026.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125394,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3026.bmp"},{"id":13623,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3026/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6abb41","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Headley, Rachel rheadley@usgs.gov","contributorId":1744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Headley","given":"Rachel","email":"rheadley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":305126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":98374,"text":"fs20103010 - 2010 - Assessment of In-Place Oil Shale Resources of the Green River Formation, Uinta Basin, Utah and Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:53","indexId":"fs20103010","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3010","title":"Assessment of In-Place Oil Shale Resources of the Green River Formation, Uinta Basin, Utah and Colorado","docAbstract":"Using a geology-based assessment methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated a total of 1.32 trillion barrels of oil in place in 18 oil shale zones in the Eocene Green River Formation in the Uinta Basin, Utah and Colorado.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20103010","collaboration":"Oil Shale Assessment Project","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.C., Mercier, T.J., Brownfield, M.E., and Self, J.G., 2010, Assessment of In-Place Oil Shale Resources of the Green River Formation, Uinta Basin, Utah and Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3010, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103010.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125395,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3010.bmp"},{"id":13622,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3010/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.5,39 ], [ -111.5,40.5 ], [ -108.83333333333333,40.5 ], [ -108.83333333333333,39 ], [ -111.5,39 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47a3e4b07f02db49660e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Ronald C. 0000-0002-6197-5165 rcjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-5165","contributorId":1550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Ronald","email":"rcjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mercier, Tracey J. 0000-0002-8232-525X tmercier@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8232-525X","contributorId":2847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mercier","given":"Tracey","email":"tmercier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brownfield, Michael E. 0000-0003-3633-1138 mbrownfield@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3633-1138","contributorId":1548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brownfield","given":"Michael","email":"mbrownfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Self, Jesse G.","contributorId":29459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Self","given":"Jesse","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":98381,"text":"sir20095196 - 2010 - Parking Lot Runoff Quality and Treatment Efficiency of a Stormwater-Filtration Device, Madison, Wisconsin, 2005-07","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:30","indexId":"sir20095196","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5196","title":"Parking Lot Runoff Quality and Treatment Efficiency of a Stormwater-Filtration Device, Madison, Wisconsin, 2005-07","docAbstract":"To evaluate the treatment efficiency of a stormwater-filtration device (SFD) for potential use at Wisconsin Department of Transportation (WisDOT) park-and-ride facilities, a SFD was installed at an employee parking lot in downtown Madison, Wisconsin. This type of parking lot was chosen for the test site because the constituent concentrations and particle-size distributions (PSDs) were expected to be similar to those of a typical park-and-ride lot operated by WisDOT. The objective of this particular installation was to reduce loads of total suspended solids (TSS) in stormwater runoff to Lake Monona. This study also was designed to provide a range of treatment efficiencies expected for a SFD. Samples from the inlet and outlet were analyzed for 33 organic and inorganic constituents, including 18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Samples were also analyzed for physical properties, including PSD. Water-quality samples were collected for 51 runoff events from November 2005 to August 2007. Samples from all runoff events were analyzed for concentrations of suspended sediment (SS). Samples from 31 runoff events were analyzed for 15 constituents, samples from 15 runoff events were analyzed for PAHs, and samples from 36 events were analyzed for PSD.\r\n\r\nThe treatment efficiency of the SFD was calculated using the summation of loads (SOL) and the efficiency ratio methods. Constituents for which the concentrations and (or) loads were decreased by the SFD include TSS, SS, volatile suspended solids, total phosphorous (TP), total copper, total zinc, and PAHs. The efficiency ratios for these constituents are 45, 37, 38, 55, 22, 5, and 46 percent, respectively. The SOLs for these constituents are 32, 37, 28, 36, 23, 8, and 48 percent, respectively. The SOL for chloride was -21 and the efficiency ratio was -18. Six chemical constituents or properties-dissolved phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved zinc, total dissolved solids, dissolved chemical oxygen demand, and dissolved copper-were not included in the efficiency or SOL, because the difference between concentrations in samples from the inlet and outlet were not significant. Concentrations of TP and TSS were inexplicably high in samples at the inlet for one event.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095196","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Transportation and the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Horwatich, J.A., and Bannerman, R.T., 2010, Parking Lot Runoff Quality and Treatment Efficiency of a Stormwater-Filtration Device, Madison, Wisconsin, 2005-07: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5196, vi, 22 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095196.","productDescription":"vi, 22 p.; Appendices","onlineOnly":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125391,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5196.jpg"},{"id":13631,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5196/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db68910d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horwatich, Judy A. 0000-0003-0582-0836 jahorwat@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0582-0836","contributorId":1388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horwatich","given":"Judy","email":"jahorwat@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bannerman, Roger T. 0000-0001-9221-2905 rbannerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9221-2905","contributorId":5560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bannerman","given":"Roger","email":"rbannerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98382,"text":"ofr20101059 - 2010 - Earthquakes in South Carolina and Vicinity 1698-2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:53","indexId":"ofr20101059","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1059","title":"Earthquakes in South Carolina and Vicinity 1698-2009","docAbstract":"This map summarizes more than 300 years of South Carolina earthquake history. It is one in a series of three similar State earthquake history maps. The current map and the previous two for Virginia and Ohio are accessible at http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1017/ and http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1221/. All three State earthquake maps were collaborative efforts between the U.S. Geological Survey and respective State agencies. Work on the South Carolina map was done in collaboration with the Department of Geological Sciences, University of South Carolina.\r\n\r\nAs with the two previous maps, the history of South Carolina earthquakes was derived from letters, journals, diaries, newspaper accounts, academic journal articles, and, beginning in the early 20th century, instrumental recordings (seismograms). All historical (preinstrumental) earthquakes that were large enough to be felt have been located based on felt reports. Some of these events caused damage to buildings and their contents. The more recent widespread use of seismographs has allowed many smaller earthquakes, previously undetected, to be recorded and accurately located. The seismicity map shows historically located and instrumentally recorded earthquakes in and near South Carolina\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101059","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the University of South Carolina and the Department of Geological Sciences","usgsCitation":"Dart, R.L., Talwani, P., and Stevenson, D., 2010, Earthquakes in South Carolina and Vicinity 1698-2009: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1059, 1 p.; Sheet 48 x 35.80 inches. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101059.","productDescription":"1 p.; Sheet 48 x 35.80 inches. ","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":301,"text":"Geologic Hazards Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125392,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1059.jpg"},{"id":13632,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1059/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1","projection":"Albers Conic Equal-Area Projection","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84,32 ], [ -84,36 ], [ -78,36 ], [ -78,32 ], [ -84,32 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db62968e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dart, Richard L. dart@usgs.gov","contributorId":1209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dart","given":"Richard","email":"dart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":305139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Talwani, Pradeep","contributorId":57854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talwani","given":"Pradeep","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stevenson, Donald","contributorId":20863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevenson","given":"Donald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":98379,"text":"ofr20101086 - 2010 - Channel Maintenance and Flushing Flows for the Klamath River Below Iron Gate Dam, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:03","indexId":"ofr20101086","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1086","title":"Channel Maintenance and Flushing Flows for the Klamath River Below Iron Gate Dam, California","docAbstract":"The Klamath River is a major river in northern California and southern Oregon. Iron Gate Dam divides the river into the two subunits where there is a significant change in utilization of the river. Downstream of Iron Gate Dam, the river is very important for the propagation of salmon. To address concerns relating to substrate conditions in the mainstem Klamath River below Iron Gate Dam, the Arcata, California, office of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service contracted with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to determine flushing flows required to improve and maintain quality spawning and rearing habitats for salmon, and to reduce the abundance of preferred habitats of the polychaete worm suspected of being the intermediate host for Ceratomyxa shasta, a species of bacteria that infects fish. \r\n\r\nHistorically, the river has had the capacity to move sediment just below Iron Gate Reservoir, but there have been periods when the capacity was very low. The results indicate that if the future is more like the pre-1961 period (low transport capacity) than the more recent period, there will be significant sediment issues in the Klamath River below Iron Gate Dam. It seems that during normal or wet years, winter months, and periods of high flow, sediments are flushed either downstream or deposited on higher surfaces. The recent drought conditions during 2000-2005 probably resulted in extensive fine-grained sedimentation along the river, which in turn may have caused increased establishment of aquatic vegetation and increased concentrations of C. shasta. It appears that releases from Iron Gate Dam as far downstream as Seiad Valley are important in maintaining flow conditions to flush the fines and clean the gravels in the river during summer months, or during drought years. Sediment transport studies indicate that supplemental flows during dry or drought conditions may provide some flushing flows in reaches downstream of the dam. For purposes of flushing fine sediments during drought years or dry summer months, flows in the range of 2,500-5,000 cubic feet per second during a period of days may be necessary. Providing these types of flows in a manner similar to a storm pulse would provide the best opportunity to flush the fines and clean some of the gravels given the upper ranges of flows are achieved.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101086","collaboration":"In cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Holmquist-Johnson, C.L., and Milhous, R.T., 2010, Channel Maintenance and Flushing Flows for the Klamath River Below Iron Gate Dam, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1086, v, 21 p.; Appendices , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101086.","productDescription":"v, 21 p.; Appendices ","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125399,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1086.jpg"},{"id":13629,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1086/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e4e4b07f02db5e6627","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holmquist-Johnson, Cristopher L.","contributorId":50247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmquist-Johnson","given":"Cristopher","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Milhous, Robert T.","contributorId":28646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milhous","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98378,"text":"sir20095256 - 2010 - Outcrops, fossils, geophysical logs, and tectonic interpretations of the Upper Cretaceous Frontier Formation and contiguous strata in the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming and Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-09T22:59:55.116163","indexId":"sir20095256","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5256","title":"Outcrops, fossils, geophysical logs, and tectonic interpretations of the Upper Cretaceous Frontier Formation and contiguous strata in the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming and Montana","docAbstract":"In the Bighorn Basin of north-central Wyoming and south-central Montana, the Frontier Formation of early Late Cretaceous age consists of siliciclastic, bentonitic, and carbonaceous beds that were deposited in marine, brackish-water, and continental environments. Most lithologic units are laterally discontinuous. The Frontier Formation conformably overlies the Mowry Shale and is conformably overlain by the Cody Shale. Molluscan fossils collected from outcrops of these formations and listed in this report are mainly of marine origin and of Cenomanian, Turonian, and Coniacian ages. \r\n\r\nThe lower and thicker part of the Frontier in the Bighorn Basin is of Cenomanian age and laterally equivalent to the Belle Fourche Member of the Frontier in central Wyoming. Near the west edge of the basin, these basal strata are disconformably overlain by middle Turonian beds that are the age equivalent of the Emigrant Gap Member of the Frontier in central Wyoming. The middle Turonian beds are disconformably overlain by lower Coniacian strata. Cenomanian strata along the south and east margins of the basin are disconformably overlain by upper Turonian beds in the upper part of the Frontier, as well as in the lower part of the Cody; these are, in turn, conformably overlain by lower Coniacian strata. \r\n\r\nThicknesses and ages of Cenomanian strata in the Bighorn Basin and adjoining regions are evidence of regional differential erosion and the presence of an uplift during the early Turonian centered in northwestern Wyoming, west of the basin, probably associated with a eustatic event. The truncated Cenomanian strata were buried by lower middle Turonian beds during a marine transgression and possibly during regional subsidence and a eustatic rise. An uplift in the late middle Turonian, centered in north-central Wyoming and possibly associated with a eustatic fall, caused the erosion of lower middle Turonian beds in southern and eastern areas of the basin as well as in an adjoining region of north-central Wyoming. Similarly, in east-central Wyoming and an adjacent area to the south, Cenomanian strata are disconformably overlain by upper middle and lower upper Turonian strata that probably reflect uplift and erosion in that region during the interim period of middle Turonian time. \r\n\r\nDuring later subsidence and a marine transgression, upper Turonian deposits buried Cenomanian beds in areas along the south and east margins of the Bighorn Basin and buried lower middle Turonian beds in much of northern Wyoming. Upper Turonian and lower Coniacian strata are apparently conformable in eastern and southern areas of the basin as well as near Riverton, Kaycee, and Casper in central Wyoming. Upper Turonian strata are absent on the west flank of the Bighorn Basin and in outcrops west of the basin, where middle Turonian beds are disconformably overlain by lower Coniacian beds . The conformable upper Turonian and lower Coniacian beds apparently transgressed an eroded middle Turonian surface in the region, but only Coniacian strata overlie middle Turonian beds on the west side of the basin and areas farther west. Coniacian strata onlap the truncated lower middle Turonian surface west of the basin, indicating a region that had higher elevation possibly resulting from tectonic uplift. \r\n\r\nIn east-central Wyoming and an adjoining region to the south, upper middle Turonian and lower upper Turonian strata are disconformably overlain by lower and middle Coniacian beds. That region apparently was uplifted and eroded during the latest Turonian.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095256","usgsCitation":"Merewether, E., Cobban, W.A., and Tillman, R.W., 2010, Outcrops, fossils, geophysical logs, and tectonic interpretations of the Upper Cretaceous Frontier Formation and contiguous strata in the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming and Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5256, iv, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095256.","productDescription":"iv, 49 p.","onlineOnly":"N","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125393,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5256.jpg"},{"id":411600,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_93117.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":13628,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5256/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Big Horn Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.3942,\n              43.3822\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.3942,\n              45.5033\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.75,\n              45.5033\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.75,\n              43.3822\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.3942,\n              43.3822\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db68a385","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merewether, E.A.","contributorId":32517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merewether","given":"E.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cobban, W. A.","contributorId":21577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cobban","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tillman, R. W.","contributorId":88848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":98377,"text":"fs20103035 - 2010 - Filtering NetCDF Files by Using the EverVIEW Slice and Dice Tool","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:03","indexId":"fs20103035","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3035","title":"Filtering NetCDF Files by Using the EverVIEW Slice and Dice Tool","docAbstract":"Network Common Data Form (NetCDF) is a self-describing, machine-independent file format for storing array-oriented scientific data. It was created to provide a common interface between applications and real-time meteorological and other scientific data. Over the past few years, there has been a growing movement within the community of natural resource managers in The Everglades, Fla., to use NetCDF as the standard data container for datasets based on multidimensional arrays. As a consequence, a need surfaced for additional tools to view and manipulate NetCDF datasets, specifically to filter the files by creating subsets of large NetCDF files. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Joint Ecosystem Modeling (JEM) group are working to address these needs with applications like the EverVIEW Slice and Dice Tool, which allows users to filter grid-based NetCDF files, thus targeting those data most important to them. The major functions of this tool are as follows: (1) to create subsets of NetCDF files temporally, spatially, and by data value; (2) to view the NetCDF data in table form; and (3) to export the filtered data to a comma-separated value (CSV) file format. The USGS and JEM will continue to work with scientists and natural resource managers across The Everglades to solve complex restoration problems through technological advances.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20103035","usgsCitation":"Conzelmann, C., and Romañach, S., 2010, Filtering NetCDF Files by Using the EverVIEW Slice and Dice Tool: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3035, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103035.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125386,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3035.bmp"},{"id":13627,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3035/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fee4b07f02db5f72b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conzelmann, Craig 0000-0002-4227-8719 conzelmannc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4227-8719","contributorId":2361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conzelmann","given":"Craig","email":"conzelmannc@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Romañach, Stephanie S. 0000-0003-0271-7825 sromanach@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-7825","contributorId":2331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romañach","given":"Stephanie S.","email":"sromanach@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":305128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98376,"text":"fs20103033 - 2010 - Facts About Invasive Bighead and Silver Carps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:03","indexId":"fs20103033","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3033","title":"Facts About Invasive Bighead and Silver Carps","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists at the Columbia Environmental Research Center (CERC), Columbia, Missouri, carry out basic and applied research on the ecology of invasive fishes in the Missouri and Mississippi river basins. Emphasis is placed on improving understanding of the life cycles of bighead and silver carp to provide information needed to manage these aggressively invasive species. USGS scientists collaborate with Federal and State management agencies and universities, nationally and internationally, to fill critical science information gaps.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20103033","usgsCitation":"Chapman, D., 2010, Facts About Invasive Bighead and Silver Carps: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3033, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103033.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126844,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3033.bmp"},{"id":13625,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3033/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a01e4b07f02db5f7ed4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapman, Duane 0000-0002-1086-8853 dchapman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-8853","contributorId":1291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Duane","email":"dchapman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70227695,"text":"70227695 - 2010 - An overview of the Landsat Data Continuity Mission","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-19T15:49:23.076291","indexId":"70227695","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-12T13:34:33","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"An overview of the Landsat Data Continuity Mission","docAbstract":"<p>The Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM) is the follow-on mission to Landsat 7 and will be the eighth mission in the Landsat series. The mission is in development via an interagency partnership between the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Department of Interior (DOI) / United States Geological Survey (USGS). The LDCM satellite will carry two earth-observing sensors, the Operational Land Imager (OLI) to collect image data for nine spectral bands in the reflective portion of the spectrum and the Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) to collect coincident image data for two thermal spectral bands. The LDCM ground segment will control the satellite and will receive, process, archive, and distribute the science data collected by the OLI and TIRS instruments. The USGS Earth Resources Observation &amp; Science Center (EROS) will distribute LDCM data products at no cost to requestors. The mission objective is to continues the Landsat program's collection, archive, and distribution of multispectral imagery affording global, synoptic, and repetitive coverage of the Earth's land surfaces at a scale where natural and human-induced changes can be detected, differentiated, characterized, and monitored over time. The LDCM launch readiness date is currently December, 2012.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SPIE 7695, algorithms and technologies for multispectral, hyperspectral, and ultraspectral imagery XVI","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"SPIE 7695","conferenceDate":"April 5-9, 2010","conferenceLocation":"Orlando, Florida, United States","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers","doi":"10.1117/12.850416","usgsCitation":"Irons, J.R., and Dwyer, J.L., 2010, An overview of the Landsat Data Continuity Mission, <i>in</i> Proceedings of SPIE 7695, algorithms and technologies for multispectral, hyperspectral, and ultraspectral imagery XVI, v. 7695, Orlando, Florida, United States, April 5-9, 2010, 769508, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.1117/12.850416.","productDescription":"769508, 7 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475723,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100031706","text":"External Repository"},{"id":394905,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7695","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Shen, Sylvia S.","contributorId":272229,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shen","given":"Sylvia S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831812,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lewis, Paul E.","contributorId":149198,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewis","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831813,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Irons, James R","contributorId":117742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irons","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":831810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dwyer, John L. 0000-0002-8281-0896 dwyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8281-0896","contributorId":3481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"John","email":"dwyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":831811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70211110,"text":"70211110 - 2010 - Vertical movements of ocean island volcanoes: Insights from a stationary plate environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-14T22:23:53.624575","indexId":"70211110","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-10T17:15:44","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vertical movements of ocean island volcanoes: Insights from a stationary plate environment","docAbstract":"<p><span>Uplift reconstructions based on the Cape Verde's geological record provide a unique opportunity to study the long-term isostatic movements associated with hotspot activity on a stationary plate environment. The archipelago is considered stationary with respect to its melting source so the hotspot-driven isostatic effects affecting the ocean islands are expected to be enhanced. In this study, Ar–Ar and U–Th geochronology techniques were used to date a set of palaeo-markers of sea-level from Santiago's and São Nicolau's edifices, two of the main Cape Verde Islands. A comparison between relative sea-level and eustatic sea-level (from a modern eustatic curve) was established to extract the vertical displacement undergone by the markers, and to reconstruct the uplift/subsidence history of each island. The resulting uplift reconstructions confirm that both Santiago and São Nicolau experienced a general uplift trend over the last 6</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>Ma, seemingly synchronous with the vigorous volcanic activity that built their exposed edifices. These islands, however, exhibit different uplift histories despite their common uplift trend. Several uplift mechanisms were tested and a local rather than regional mechanism is proposed as the main cause of uplift, generally unrelated with far-field effects of surface loading. This mechanism is probably associated with magmatic additions at crustal level.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2010.04.009","usgsCitation":"Ramalho, R., Helffrich, G., Cosca, M.A., Vance, D., Hoffman, D., and Schmidt, D.N., 2010, Vertical movements of ocean island volcanoes: Insights from a stationary plate environment: Marine Geology, v. 275, no. 1-4, p. 84-95, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2010.04.009.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"84","endPage":"95","ipdsId":"IP-016970","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376395,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Cape Verde","otherGeospatial":"Cape Verde Archipelago","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -25.5487060546875,\n              14.615478234145261\n            ],\n            [\n              -22.4395751953125,\n              14.615478234145261\n            ],\n            [\n              -22.4395751953125,\n              17.429269667952468\n            ],\n            [\n              -25.5487060546875,\n              17.429269667952468\n            ],\n            [\n              -25.5487060546875,\n              14.615478234145261\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"275","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramalho, Ricardo","contributorId":193475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramalho","given":"Ricardo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":792795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Helffrich, George","contributorId":193476,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helffrich","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":792796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cosca, Michael A 0000-0002-0600-7663","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0600-7663","contributorId":229009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cosca","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":792794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vance, D.","contributorId":74866,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vance","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":792797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Hoffman, D.","contributorId":72895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":792798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Schmidt, Daniela N.","contributorId":229010,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Daniela","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":792799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}}
,{"id":98371,"text":"ofr20091268 - 2010 - Temporal chemical data for sediment, water, and biological samples from the Lava Cap Mine Superfund site, Nevada County, California— 2006–2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-31T21:28:00.198834","indexId":"ofr20091268","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1268","title":"Temporal chemical data for sediment, water, and biological samples from the Lava Cap Mine Superfund site, Nevada County, California— 2006–2008","docAbstract":"<p>The Lava Cap Mine is located about 6 km east of the city of Grass Valley, Nevada County, California, at an elevation of about 900 m. Gold was hosted in quartz-carbonate veins typical of the Sierran Gold Belt, but the gold grain size was smaller and the abundance of sulfide minerals higher than in typical deposits. The vein system was discovered in 1860, but production was sporadic until the 1930s when two smaller operations on the site were consolidated, a flotation mill was built, and a 100-foot deep adit was driven to facilitate drainage and removal of water from the mine workings, which extended to 366 m. Peak production at the Lava Cap occurred between 1934 and 1943, when about 90,000 tons of ore per year were processed. To facilitate removal of the gold and accessory sulfide minerals, the ore was crushed to a very fine sand or silt grain size for processing. Mining operations at Lava Cap ceased in June 1943 due to War Production Board Order L-208 and did not resume after the end of World War II. </p><p>Two tailings retention structures were built at the Lava Cap Mine. The first was a log dam located about 0.4 km below the flotation mill on Little Clipper Creek, and the second, built in 1938, was a larger earth fill and rip-rap structure constructed about 2 km downstream, which formed the water body now called Lost Lake. The log dam failed during a storm that began on December 31, 1996, and continued into January 1997; an estimated 8,000-10,000 m<sup>3</sup> of tailings were released into Little Clipper Creek during this event. Most of the fine tailings were deposited in Lost Lake, dramatically increasing its turbidity and resulting in a temporary 1-1.5 m rise in lake level due to debris blocking the dam spillway. When the blockage was cleared, the lake level quickly lowered, leaving a \"bathtub ring\" of very fine tailings deposited substantially above the water line. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) initiated emergency action in late 1997 at the mine site to reduce the possibility of future movement of tailings, and began an assessment of the risks posed by physical and chemical hazards at the site. </p><p>The EPA's assessment identified arsenic (As) as the primary hazard of concern. Three main exposure routes were identified: inhalation/ingestion of mine tailings, dermal absorption/ingestion of As in lake water from swimming, and ingestion of As-contaminated ground water or surface water. Lost Lake is a private lake which is completely surrounded by low-density residential development. Prior to the dam failure, the lake was used by the local residents for swimming and boating. An estimated 1,776 people reside within one mile of the lake, and almost all residents of the area use potable groundwater for domestic use. Risk factors for human exposure to As derived from mine wastes were high enough to merit placement of the mine site and surrounding area on the National Priority List (commonly called \"Superfund\"). </p><p>The Lava Cap Mine Superfund site (LCMS) encompasses approximately 33 acres that include the mine site, the stretch of Little Clipper Creek between the mine and Lost Lake, the lake itself, and the area between the lake and the confluence of Little Clipper Creek with its parent stream, Clipper Creek. The area between the two creeks is named the \"deposition area\" due to the estimated 24 m thick layer of tailings that were laid down there during and after active mining. The lobate structure of Lost Lake is also due to deposition in this area. The deposition area and Lost Lake are together estimated to contain 382,277 m<sup>3</sup> of tailings. </p><p>The primary goals of the EPA have been to minimize tailings movement downstream of Lost Lake and to ensure that residents in the area have drinking water that meets national water quality standards. EPA has officially decided to construct a public water supply line to deliver safe water to affected residences, since some residential wells in the area have As concentrations above the current drinking water standard (10 ppb). However, some deeper monitoring wells in the deposition<br>area have As concentrations that are as much as 100 times the As drinking water standard (EPA, 2001). Fracture-dominated groundwater flowpaths complicate measurement of the rate and direction of groundwater flow in the area. Investigations of groundwater movement at the LCMS are planned by the EPA, but have not been undertaken at the time of this writing. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091268","usgsCitation":"Foster, A.L., Ona-Nguema, G., Tufano, K., and White, R., 2010, Temporal chemical data for sediment, water, and biological samples from the Lava Cap Mine Superfund site, Nevada County, California— 2006–2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1268, iv, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091268.","productDescription":"iv, 46 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":660,"text":"Western Mineral Resources Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118659,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2009_1268.jpg"},{"id":13618,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1268/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":388452,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_93112.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Nevada County","otherGeospatial":"Lava Cap Mine Superfund site","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.0,\n              39.1933\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.9422,\n              39.1933\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.9422,\n              39.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.0,\n              39.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.0,\n              39.1933\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db685863","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foster, Andrea L. 0000-0003-1362-0068 afoster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1362-0068","contributorId":1740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Andrea","email":"afoster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ona-Nguema, Georges","contributorId":72484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ona-Nguema","given":"Georges","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tufano, Kate","contributorId":81594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tufano","given":"Kate","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"White, Richard III","contributorId":100100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Richard III","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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