{"pageNumber":"192","pageRowStart":"4775","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11364,"records":[{"id":70024757,"text":"70024757 - 2002 - Historical and projected carbon balance of mature black spruce ecosystems across north america: The role of carbon-nitrogen interactions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:07","indexId":"70024757","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Historical and projected carbon balance of mature black spruce ecosystems across north america: The role of carbon-nitrogen interactions","docAbstract":"The role of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) interactions on sequestration of atmospheric CO2 in black spruce ecosystems across North America was evaluated with the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM) by applying parameterizations of the model in which C-N dynamics were either coupled or uncoupled. First, the performance of the parameterizations, which were developed for the dynamics of black spruce ecosystems at the Bonanza Creek Long-Term Ecological Research site in Alaska, were evaluated by simulating C dynamics at eddy correlation tower sites in the Boreal Ecosystem Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) for black spruce ecosystems in the northern study area (northern site) and the southern study area (southern site) with local climate data. We compared simulated monthly growing season (May to September) estimates of gross primary production (GPP), total ecosystem respiration (RESP), and net ecosystem production (NEP) from 1994 to 1997 to available field-based estimates at both sites. At the northern site, monthly growing season estimates of GPP and RESP for the coupled and uncoupled simulations were highly correlated with the field-based estimates (coupled: R2= 0.77, 0.88 for GPP and RESP; uncoupled: R2 = 0.67, 0.92 for GPP and RESP). Although the simulated seasonal pattern of NEP generally matched the field-based data, the correlations between field-based and simulated monthly growing season NEP were lower (R2 = 0.40, 0.00 for coupled and uncoupled simulations, respectively) in comparison to the correlations between field-based and simulated GPP and RESP. The annual NEP simulated by the coupled parameterization fell within the uncertainty of field-based estimates in two of three years. On the other hand, annual NEP simulated by the uncoupled parameterization only fell within the field-based uncertainty in one of three years. At the southern site, simulated NEP generally matched field-based NEP estimates, and the correlation between monthly growing season field-based and simulated NEP (R2 = 0.36, 0.20 for coupled and uncoupled simulations, respectively) was similar to the correlations at the northern site. To evaluate the role of N dynamics in C balance of black spruce ecosystems across North America, we simulated historical and projected C dynamics from 1900 to 2100 with a global-based climatology at 0.5?? resolution (latitude ?? longitude) with both the coupled and uncoupled parameterizations of TEM. From analyses at the northern site, several consistent patterns emerge. There was greater inter-annual variability in net primary production (NPP) simulated by the uncoupled parameterization as compared to the coupled parameterization, which led to substantial differences in inter-annual variability in NEP between the parameterizations. The divergence between NPP and heterotrophic respiration was greater in the uncoupled simulation, resulting in more C sequestration during the projected period. These responses were the result of fundamentally different responses of the coupled and uncoupled parameterizations to changes in CO2 and climate. Across North American black spruce ecosystems, the range of simulated decadal changes in C storage was substantially greater for the uncoupled parameterization than for the coupled parameterization. Analysis of the spatial variability in decadal responses of C dynamics revealed that C fluxes simulated by the coupled and uncoupled parameterizations have different sensitivities to climate and that the climate sensitivities of the fluxes change over the temporal scope of the simulations. The results of this study suggest that uncertainties can be reduced through (1) factorial studies focused on elucidating the role of C and N interactions in the response of mature black spruce ecosystems to manipulations of atmospheric CO2 and climate, (2) establishment of a network of continuous, long-term measurements of C dynamics across the range of mature black spruce ecosystems in North America, and (3) ancillary measureme","largerWorkTitle":"Plant and Soil","language":"English","doi":"10.1023/A:1019673420225","issn":"0032079X","usgsCitation":"Clein, J.S., McGuire, A., Zhang, X., Kicklighter, D., Melillo, J.M., Wofsy, S., Jarvis, P., and Massheder, J., 2002, Historical and projected carbon balance of mature black spruce ecosystems across north america: The role of carbon-nitrogen interactions, in Plant and Soil, v. 242, no. 1, p. 15-32, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1019673420225.","startPage":"15","endPage":"32","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207933,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019673420225"},{"id":233244,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"242","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a317de4b0c8380cd5df88","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clein, Joy S.","contributorId":83697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clein","given":"Joy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, X.","contributorId":30193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kicklighter, D. W.","contributorId":31537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kicklighter","given":"D. W.","affiliations":[{"id":13627,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":402520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Melillo, J. M.","contributorId":73139,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melillo","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wofsy, S.C.","contributorId":44699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wofsy","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jarvis, P.G.","contributorId":41189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarvis","given":"P.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Massheder, J.M.","contributorId":18545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Massheder","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70024791,"text":"70024791 - 2002 - Deformation associated with the 1997 eruption of Okmok volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-25T15:56:23","indexId":"70024791","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deformation associated with the 1997 eruption of Okmok volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"

Okmok volcano, located on Umnak Island in the Aleutian chain, Alaska, is the most eruptive caldera system in North America in historic time. Its most recent eruption occurred in 1997. Synthetic aperture radar interferometry shows deflation of the caldera center of up to 140 cm during this time, preceded and followed by inflation of smaller magnitude. The main part of the observed deformation can be modeled using a pressure point source model. The inferred source is located between 2.5 and 5.0 km beneath the approximate center of the caldera and ???5 km from the eruptive vent. We interpret it as a central magma reservoir. The preeruptive period features inflation accompanied by shallow localized subsidence between the caldera center and the vent. We hypothesize that this is caused by hydrothermal activity or that magma moved away from the central chamber and toward the later vent. Since all historic eruptions at Okmok have originated from the same cone, this feature may be a precursor that indicates an upcoming eruption. The erupted magma volume is ???9 times the volume that can be accounted for by the observed preeruptive inflation. This indicates a much longer inflation interval than we were able to observe. The observation that reinflation started shortly after the eruption suggests that inflation spans the whole time interval between eruptions. Extrapolation of the average subsurface volume change rate is in good agreement with the long-term eruption frequency and eruption volumes of Okmok.

","language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2001JB000163","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Mann, D., Freymueller, J., and Lu, Z., 2002, Deformation associated with the 1997 eruption of Okmok volcano, Alaska: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 107, no. 4, p. ETG 7-1-ETG 7-12, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB000163.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"ETG 7-1","endPage":"ETG 7-12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478644,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2001jb000163","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":233174,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"107","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-04-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe44e4b0c8380cd4ec1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mann, Dorte","contributorId":66876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"Dorte","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Freymueller, Jeffrey T.","contributorId":96841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freymueller","given":"Jeffrey T.","affiliations":[{"id":26875,"text":"Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":402634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lu, Z.","contributorId":106241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70024992,"text":"70024992 - 2002 - Flank collapse at Mount Wrangell, Alaska, recorded by volcanic mass-flow deposits in the Copper River lowland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:12","indexId":"70024992","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1168,"text":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flank collapse at Mount Wrangell, Alaska, recorded by volcanic mass-flow deposits in the Copper River lowland","docAbstract":"An areally extensive volcanic mass-flow deposit of Pleistocene age, known as the Chetaslina volcanic mass-flow deposit, is a prominent and visually striking deposit in the southeastern Copper River lowland of south-central Alaska. The mass-flow deposit consists of a diverse mixture of colorful, variably altered volcanic rocks, lahar deposits, glaciolacustrine diamicton, and till that record a major flank collapse on the southwest flank of Mount Wrangell. The deposit is well exposed near its presumed source, and thick, continuous, stratigraphic exposures have permitted us to study its sedimentary characteristics as a means of better understanding the origin, significance, and evolution of the deposit. Deposits of the Chetaslina volcanic mass flow in the Chetaslina River drainage are primary debris-avalanche deposits and consist of two principal facies types, a near-source block facies and a distal mixed facies. The block facies is composed entirely of block-supported, shattered and fractured blocks with individual blocks up to 40 m in diameter. The mixed facies consists of block-sized particles in a matrix of poorly sorted rock rubble, sand, and silt generated by the comminution of larger blocks. Deposits of the Chetaslina volcanic mass flow exposed along the Copper, Tonsina, and Chitina rivers are debris-flow deposits that evolved from the debris-avalanche component of the flow and from erosion and entrainment of local glacial and glaciolacustrine diamicton in the Copper River lowland. The debris-flow deposits were probably generated through mixing of the distal debris avalanche with the ancestral Copper River, or through breaching of a debris-avalanche dam across the ancestral river. The distribution of facies types and major-element chemistry of clasts in the deposit indicate that its source was an ancestral volcanic edifice, informally known as the Chetaslina vent, on the southwest side of Mount Wrangell. A major sector collapse of the Chetaslina vent initiated the Chetaslina volcanic mass flow forming a debris avalanche of about 4 km3 that subsequently transformed to a debris flow of unknown volume.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/e02-032","issn":"00084077","usgsCitation":"Waythomas, C.F., and Wallace, K., 2002, Flank collapse at Mount Wrangell, Alaska, recorded by volcanic mass-flow deposits in the Copper River lowland: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 39, no. 8, p. 1257-1279, https://doi.org/10.1139/e02-032.","startPage":"1257","endPage":"1279","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207707,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e02-032"},{"id":232868,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a10d0e4b0c8380cd53dff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waythomas, C. F.","contributorId":10065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waythomas","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wallace, K.L.","contributorId":103457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70182758,"text":"70182758 - 2002 - Using satellite telemetry to define spatial population structure in polar bears in the Norwegian and western Russian Arctic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-28T10:57:46","indexId":"70182758","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using satellite telemetry to define spatial population structure in polar bears in the Norwegian and western Russian Arctic","docAbstract":"

1. Animal populations, defined by geographical areas within a species’ distribution where population dynamics are largely regulated by births and deaths rather than by migration from surrounding areas, may be the correct unit for wildlife management. However, in heterogeneous landscapes varying habitat quality may yield subpopulations with distinct patterns in resource use and demography significant to the dynamics of populations.

2. To define the spatial population structure of polar bears Ursus maritimus in the Norwegian and western Russian Arctic, and to assess the existence of a shared population between the two countries, we analysed satellite telemetry data obtained from 105 female polar bears over 12 years.

3. Using both cluster analyses and home-range estimation methods, we identified five population units inhabiting areas with different sea-ice characteristics and prey availability.

4. The continuous distribution of polar bear positions indicated that the different subpopulations formed one continuous polar bear population in the Norwegian and western Russian Arctic. Hence, Norway and Russia have a shared management responsibility.

5. The spatial population structure identified will provide a guide for evaluating geographical patterns in polar bear ecology, the dynamics of polar bear–seal relationships and the effects of habitat alteration due to climate change. The work illustrates the importance of defining population borders and subpopulation structure in understanding the dynamics and management of larger animals.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-2664.2002.00690.x","usgsCitation":"Mauritzen, M., Derocher, A.E., Wiig, Ø., Belikov, S., Boltunov, A.N., and Garner, G.W., 2002, Using satellite telemetry to define spatial population structure in polar bears in the Norwegian and western Russian Arctic: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 39, no. 1, p. 79-90, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2664.2002.00690.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"79","endPage":"90","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478793,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2664.2002.00690.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":336320,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Norway, Russia","otherGeospatial":"Arctic","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -41.8359375,\n 63.704722429433225\n ],\n [\n 159.609375,\n 63.704722429433225\n ],\n [\n 159.609375,\n 85.1709701284095\n ],\n [\n -41.8359375,\n 85.1709701284095\n ],\n [\n -41.8359375,\n 63.704722429433225\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-06-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b69a43e4b01ccd54ff3fca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mauritzen, Mette","contributorId":91753,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mauritzen","given":"Mette","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Derocher, Andrew E.","contributorId":96189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Derocher","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12980,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":673622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wiig, Øystein","contributorId":13469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiig","given":"Øystein","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Belikov, Stanislav","contributorId":19513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belikov","given":"Stanislav","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Boltunov, Andrei N.","contributorId":98682,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boltunov","given":"Andrei","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Garner, Gerald W.","contributorId":149918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garner","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13117,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":673626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70025040,"text":"70025040 - 2002 - Late Cretaceous through Cenozoic strike-slip tectonics of southwestern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-07T17:39:14","indexId":"70025040","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2309,"text":"Journal of Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Cretaceous through Cenozoic strike-slip tectonics of southwestern Alaska","docAbstract":"New geologic mapping and geochronology show that margin-parallel strike-slip faults on the western limb of the southern Alaska orocline have experienced multiple episodes of dextral motion since ~100 Ma. These faults are on the upper plate of a subduction zone ~350-450 km inboard of the paleotrench. In southwestern Alaska, dextral displacement is 134 km on the Denali fault, at least 88-94 km on the Iditarod-Nixon Fork fault, and perhaps tens of kilometers on the Dishna River fault. The strike-slip regime coincided with Late Cretaceous sedimentation and then folding in the Kuskokwim basin, and with episodes of magmatism and mineralization at ~70, ~60, and ~30 Ma. No single driving mechanism can explain all of the ~95 million-year history of strike-slip faulting. Since ~40 Ma, the observed dextral sense of strike slip has run contrary to the sense of subduction obliquity. This may be explained by northward motion of the Pacific plate driving continental margin slivers into and/or around the oroclinal bend. From 44 to 66 Ma, oroclinal rotation, perhaps involving large-scale flexural slip, may have been accompanied by westward escape of crustal blocks along strike-slip faults. However, reconstructions of this period involve unproven assumptions about the identity of the subducting plate, the position of subducting ridges, and the exact timing of oroclinal bending, thus obscuring the driving mechanisms of strike slip. Prior to 66 Ma, oblique subduction is the most plausible driving mechanism for dextral strike slip. Cumulative displacement on all faults of the western limb of the orocline is at least 400 km, about half that on the eastern limb; this discrepancy might be explained by a combination of thrusting and unrecognized strike-slip faulting.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1086/339531","issn":"00221376","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.L., Bradley, D., Bundtzen, T., and McClelland, W.C., 2002, Late Cretaceous through Cenozoic strike-slip tectonics of southwestern Alaska: Journal of Geology, v. 110, no. 3, p. 247-270, https://doi.org/10.1086/339531.","startPage":"247","endPage":"270","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235909,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209452,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1086/339531"}],"volume":"110","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a44d9e4b0c8380cd66e3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Marti L. 0000-0003-0285-4942 mlmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0285-4942","contributorId":561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Marti","email":"mlmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":403548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradley, Dwight 0000-0001-9116-5289 bradleyorchard2@gmail.com","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-5289","contributorId":2358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Dwight","email":"bradleyorchard2@gmail.com","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":403545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bundtzen, Thomas K.","contributorId":83560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bundtzen","given":"Thomas K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McClelland, William C.","contributorId":194066,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McClelland","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70025100,"text":"70025100 - 2002 - Interferometric synthetic aperture radar studies of Alaska volcanoes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-06T16:33:42.063288","indexId":"70025100","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar studies of Alaska volcanoes","docAbstract":"

Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) imaging is a recently developed geodetic technique capable of measuring ground-surface deformation with centimeter to subcentimeter vertical precision and spatial resolution of tens-of-meter over a relatively large region (/spl sim/10/sup 4/ km/sup 2/). The spatial distribution of surface deformation data, derived from InSAR images, enables the construction of detailed mechanical models to enhance the study of magmatic and tectonic processes associated with volcanoes. This paper summarizes our recent InSAR studies of several Alaska volcanoes, which include Okmok, Akutan, Kiska, Augustine, Westdahl, and Peulik volcanoes.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"2002 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2002)","conferenceDate":"Jun 24-28, 2002","conferenceLocation":"Toronto, Ontario, Canada","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2002.1024984","usgsCitation":"Lu, Z., Wicks, C., Power, J., Dzurisin, D., Thatcher, W., and Masterlark, T., 2002, Interferometric synthetic aperture radar studies of Alaska volcanoes, in IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, v. 1, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Jun 24-28, 2002, p. 191-194, https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2002.1024984.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"191","endPage":"194","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236135,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -177.18749999999997,\n 50.62507306341435\n ],\n [\n -157.32421875,\n 55.47885346331034\n ],\n [\n -150.82031249999997,\n 57.79794388498275\n ],\n [\n -146.95312499999997,\n 60.23981116999893\n ],\n [\n -137.63671875,\n 57.89149735271034\n ],\n [\n -133.76953125,\n 55.52863052257191\n ],\n [\n -133.9453125,\n 59.17592824927136\n ],\n [\n -140.44921875,\n 60.54377524118842\n ],\n [\n -141.50390625,\n 62.59334083012024\n ],\n [\n -157.58789062499997,\n 61.64816245852389\n ],\n [\n -182.724609375,\n 52.74959372674114\n ],\n [\n -182.8125,\n 50.3454604086048\n ],\n [\n -177.18749999999997,\n 50.62507306341435\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3d00e4b0c8380cd63200","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lu, Z.","contributorId":106241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wicks, C. Jr.","contributorId":87681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wicks","given":"C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Power, J.","contributorId":48699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Power","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dzurisin, D.","contributorId":76067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dzurisin","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thatcher, W.","contributorId":32669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Masterlark, Timothy","contributorId":92829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Masterlark","given":"Timothy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35607,"text":"South Dakota School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":403822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70185187,"text":"70185187 - 2002 - Life-history implications of large-scale spatial variation in adult survival of black brant (Branta bernicla nigricans)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-02T14:25:34.906878","indexId":"70185187","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Life-history implications of large-scale spatial variation in adult survival of black brant (Branta bernicla nigricans)","docAbstract":"

We used capture-recapture methods to estimate adult survival rates for adult female Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans; hereafter “brant”) from three colonies in Alaska, two on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, and one on Alaska's Arctic coast. Costs of migration and reproductive effort varied among those colonies, enabling us to examine variation in survival in relation to variation in these other variables. We used the Barker model in program MARK to estimate true annual survival for brant from the three colonies. Models allowing for spatial variation in survival were among the most parsimonious models but were indistinguishable from a model with no spatial variation. Point estimates of annual survival were slightly higher for brant from the Arctic (0.90 ± 0.036) than for brant from either Tutakoke River (0.85 ± 0.004) or Kokechik Bay (0.86 ± 0.011). Thus, our survival estimates do not support a hypothesis that the cost of longer migrations or harvest experienced by brant from the Arctic reduced their annual survival relative to brant from the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta. Spatial variation in survival provides weak support for life-history theory because brant from the region with lower reproductive investment had slightly higher survival.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/0004-8038(2002)119[0510:LHIOLS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Sedinger, J.S., Chelgren, N., Lindberg, M.S., Obritchkewitch, T., Kirk, M.T., Martin, P.D., Anderson, B.A., and Ward, D.H., 2002, Life-history implications of large-scale spatial variation in adult survival of black brant (Branta bernicla nigricans): The Auk, v. 119, no. 2, p. 510-515, https://doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2002)119[0510:LHIOLS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"510","endPage":"515","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478754,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2002)119[0510:lhiols]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337692,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Oliktok Point, Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -164.55833694023414,\n 60.91865141322572\n ],\n [\n -164.55833694023414,\n 62.30860732906697\n ],\n [\n -166.66382709237251,\n 62.30860732906697\n ],\n [\n -166.66382709237251,\n 60.91865141322572\n ],\n [\n -164.55833694023414,\n 60.91865141322572\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -150.08095801819047,\n 70.49306944714931\n ],\n [\n -150.08095801819047,\n 69.68662280831819\n ],\n [\n -148.01236166636488,\n 69.68662280831819\n ],\n [\n -148.01236166636488,\n 70.49306944714931\n ],\n [\n -150.08095801819047,\n 70.49306944714931\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"119","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58cba41ee4b0849ce97dc762","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sedinger, James S.","contributorId":84861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sedinger","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12742,"text":"University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":684663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chelgren, Nathan 0000-0003-0944-9165 nchelgren@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0944-9165","contributorId":3134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chelgren","given":"Nathan","email":"nchelgren@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lindberg, Mark S.","contributorId":63292,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindberg","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7211,"text":"University of Alaska, Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":684665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Obritchkewitch, Tim","contributorId":189378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Obritchkewitch","given":"Tim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kirk, Morgan T.","contributorId":189379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirk","given":"Morgan","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Martin, Philip D.","contributorId":146442,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martin","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Anderson, Betty A.","contributorId":189383,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Betty","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70181846,"text":"70181846 - 2002 - Does food availability affect energy expenditure rates of nesting seabirds? A supplemental-feeding experiment with Black-Legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-14T15:43:56","indexId":"70181846","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does food availability affect energy expenditure rates of nesting seabirds? A supplemental-feeding experiment with Black-Legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla)","docAbstract":"

We used a supplemental-feeding experiment, the doubly labeled water technique, and a model-selection approach based upon the Akaike Information Criterion to examine effects of food availability on energy expenditure rates of Black-legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) raising young. Energy expenditure rates of supplementally fed females (n = 14) and males (n = 16) were 34 and 20% lower than those of control females (n = 14) and males (n = 18), respectively. Energy expenditure rates of females were more responsive to fluctuations in food availability than those of males. Fed males likely expended more energy while off the nest than fed females, possibly because of nest defense. Energy expenditure rates of fed kittiwakes were similar to values reported for kittiwakes that were either not raising young or not foraging. Parent kittiwakes, therefore, adjusted parental effort in response to variation in breeding conditions due to changes in food availability. Adjustments in reproductive effort in response to variable foraging conditions may have significant effects on the survival and productivity of individuals, and thus provide substantial fitness benefits for long-lived seabirds such as Black-legged Kittiwakes.

","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/z01-221","usgsCitation":"Jodice, P.G., Roby, D.D., Hatch, S.A., Gill, V., Lanctot, R., and Visser, G.H., 2002, Does food availability affect energy expenditure rates of nesting seabirds? A supplemental-feeding experiment with Black-Legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla): Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 80, no. 2, p. 214-222, https://doi.org/10.1139/z01-221.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"214","endPage":"222","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335397,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a42538e4b0c825128ad459","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jodice, Patrick G.R. 0000-0001-8716-120X pjodice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8716-120X","contributorId":1119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jodice","given":"Patrick","email":"pjodice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":668821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roby, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9844-0992 droby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9844-0992","contributorId":3702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roby","given":"Daniel","email":"droby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":668822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":668823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gill, Verena A.","contributorId":140658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gill","given":"Verena A.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":668824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lanctot, Richard B.","contributorId":77879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lanctot","given":"Richard B.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":668825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Visser, G. Henk","contributorId":105497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Visser","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"Henk","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70023945,"text":"70023945 - 2002 - Evaluation of terrestrial carbon cycle models with atmospheric CO2 measurements: Results from transient simulations considering increasing CO2, climate, and land-use effects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-21T15:42:13.780501","indexId":"70023945","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1836,"text":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of terrestrial carbon cycle models with atmospheric CO2 measurements: Results from transient simulations considering increasing CO2, climate, and land-use effects","docAbstract":"

An atmospheric transport model and observations of atmospheric CO2 are used to evaluate the performance of four Terrestrial Carbon Models (TCMs) in simulating the seasonal dynamics and interannual variability of atmospheric CO2 between 1980 and 1991. The TCMs were forced with time varying atmospheric CO2 concentrations, climate, and land use to simulate the net exchange of carbon between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere. The monthly surface CO2 fluxes from the TCMs were used to drive the Model of Atmospheric Transport and Chemistry and the simulated seasonal cycles and concentration anomalies are compared with observations from several stations in the CMDL network. The TCMs underestimate the amplitude of the seasonal cycle and tend to simulate too early an uptake of CO2 during the spring by approximately one to two months. The model fluxes show an increase in amplitude as a result of land-use change, but that pattern is not so evident in the simulated atmospheric amplitudes, and the different models suggest different causes for the amplitude increase (i.e., CO2 fertilization, climate variability or land use change). The comparison of the modeled concentration anomalies with the observed anomalies indicates that either the TCMs underestimate interannual variability in the exchange of CO2 between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere, or that either the variability in the ocean fluxes or the atmospheric transport may be key factors in the atmospheric interannual variability.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2001GB001426","usgsCitation":"Dargaville, R., Heimann, M., McGuire, A., Prentice, I.C., Kicklighter, D., Joos, F., Clein, J.S., Esser, G., Foley, J., Kaplan, J., Meier, R., Melillo, J.M., Moore, B., Ramankutty, N., Reichenau, T., Schloss, A., Sitch, S., Tian, H., Williams, L., and Wittenberg, U., 2002, Evaluation of terrestrial carbon cycle models with atmospheric CO2 measurements: Results from transient simulations considering increasing CO2, climate, and land-use effects: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, v. 16, no. 4, p. 39-1-39-15, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001GB001426.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"39-1","endPage":"39-15","costCenters":[{"id":108,"text":"Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478762,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://boris.unibe.ch/158465/","text":"External Repository"},{"id":231974,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-11-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0ccfe4b0c8380cd52ce3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dargaville, R.J.","contributorId":41992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dargaville","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heimann, Martin","contributorId":76497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heimann","given":"Martin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Prentice, I. C.","contributorId":63969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prentice","given":"I.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kicklighter, D. W.","contributorId":31537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kicklighter","given":"D. W.","affiliations":[{"id":13627,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":399442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Joos, F.","contributorId":30786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joos","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Clein, Joy S.","contributorId":83697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clein","given":"Joy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Esser, G.","contributorId":15373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esser","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Foley, J.","contributorId":40760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kaplan, J.","contributorId":82888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaplan","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Meier, R.A.","contributorId":79267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Melillo, J. M.","contributorId":73139,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melillo","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Moore, B. III","contributorId":96845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"B.","suffix":"III","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Ramankutty, N.","contributorId":57624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramankutty","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Reichenau, T.","contributorId":107064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reichenau","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Schloss, A.","contributorId":44320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schloss","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Sitch, S.","contributorId":81652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sitch","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Tian, H.","contributorId":43524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tian","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Williams, L.J.","contributorId":41183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Wittenberg, U.","contributorId":63990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wittenberg","given":"U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20}]}} ,{"id":1008251,"text":"1008251 - 2002 - Activity patterns and time budgets of the declining sea otter population at Amchitka Island, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T16:47:55","indexId":"1008251","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Activity patterns and time budgets of the declining sea otter population at Amchitka Island, Alaska","docAbstract":"

Time budgets of predators may reflect population status if time spent foraging varies with local prey abun- dance. We assumed that the sea otter (Enhydra lutris) population at Amchitka Island, Alaska, USA, had been at equilibrium since the early 1960s and collected time budgets of otters to be used to represent future conditions of currently expanding sea otter populations. We used radiotelemetry to monitor activity-time budgets of otters from August 1992 to March 1994. Sea otter activity was directly linked to sex, age, weather condition, season, and time of day. Sea otters differed in percent time foraging among cohorts but not within cohorts. Percent time foraging ranged from 21% for females with very young (≤ 3weeks of age) dependent pups to 52% for females with old (≥10 weeks of age) pups. Otters foraged more and hauled out more as local sea conditions worsened. Adult males spent less time foraging during winter and spring, consistent with seasonal changes in prey selection. Time spent for- aging was similar to that reported for otters in California and an established population in Prince William Sound, Alaska, but greater than that of otters in recently established populations in Oregon and Alaska. Despite current evidence indicating that the population was in decline during our study, we were unable to recognize this change using time budgets. Our results illustrate the importance of stratifying analyses of activity patterns by age and sex cohorts and the complexity inherent in comparisons of behavioral data between different populations relying on distinct prey bases.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2307/3802868","usgsCitation":"Gelatt, T.S., Siniff, D.B., and Estes, J.A., 2002, Activity patterns and time budgets of the declining sea otter population at Amchitka Island, Alaska: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 66, no. 1, p. 29-39, https://doi.org/10.2307/3802868.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"39","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130687,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699c9e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gelatt, Thomas S.","contributorId":175049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gelatt","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Siniff, Donald B.","contributorId":175050,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siniff","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Estes, James A. jim_estes@usgs.gov","contributorId":53325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"James","email":"jim_estes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":317154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70184356,"text":"70184356 - 2002 - Food limitation and the recovery of sea otters following the 'Exxon Valdez' oil spill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-28T14:56:00","indexId":"70184356","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Food limitation and the recovery of sea otters following the 'Exxon Valdez' oil spill","docAbstract":"

We examined the potential role of food limitation in constraining the recovery of sea otters Enhydra lutris in Prince William Sound, Alaska, following the 'Exxon Valdez' oil spill. The spill resulted in the removal of a large number of sea otters in 1989, and as of 1998, the portion of the population in the heavily oiled northern Knight Island region had not fully recovered. Between 1996 and 1998, prey consumption rate was higher and the condition of sea otters was better at northern Knight Island than in an unoiled area of the sound (Montague Island). Estimates of prey energy available per unit mass of sea otter were about 4 times higher at Knight than Montague Island, albeit not significantly different between the 2 areas. Over this same period, the number of sea otters remained constant at northern Knight Island but increased at Montague Island. These data suggest that food was at least as abundant at Knight than at Montague Island, and that recovery of sea otters via intrinsic population growth was limited by factors other than food. However, the availability of food, the prey consumption rate, and the condition of sea otters were all much lower at both Knight and Montague Islands than in areas newly occupied by sea otters where the population growth rate was near the theoretical maximum. It is possible that the relatively short supply of food (compared to areas where sea otter population growth rate was high) may have inhibited immigration or interacted with other factors (e.g. oil-induced mortality or predation) to restrict sea otter population growth. Nonetheless, these data suggest that impacts of anthropogenic disturbances on large, often food-limited vertebrate predators can persist in spite of the availability of food resources that are sufficient for intrinsic population growth.

","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research Science Center","doi":"10.3354/meps241255","usgsCitation":"Dean, T.A., Bodkin, J.L., Fukuyama, A.K., Jewett, S.C., Monson, D., O’Clair, C.E., and VanBlaricom, G.R., 2002, Food limitation and the recovery of sea otters following the 'Exxon Valdez' oil spill: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 241, p. 255-270, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps241255.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"270","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478794,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps241255","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":336995,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince William Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -148.68347167968747,\n 59.56494079612182\n ],\n [\n -146.8212890625,\n 59.56494079612182\n ],\n [\n -146.8212890625,\n 61.10875187858557\n ],\n [\n -148.68347167968747,\n 61.10875187858557\n ],\n [\n -148.68347167968747,\n 59.56494079612182\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"241","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58bfd519e4b014cc3a3ba63e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dean, Thomas A.","contributorId":187562,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dean","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fukuyama, Allan K.","contributorId":89472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fukuyama","given":"Allan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":621,"text":"Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":681143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jewett, Stephen C.","contributorId":94397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jewett","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Monson, Daniel H. 0000-0002-4593-5673 dmonson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-5673","contributorId":140480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monson","given":"Daniel H.","email":"dmonson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":681145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"O’Clair, Charles E.","contributorId":60571,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Clair","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"VanBlaricom, Glenn R. glennvb@usgs.gov","contributorId":3540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanBlaricom","given":"Glenn","email":"glennvb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":681147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":1003933,"text":"1003933 - 2002 - Concentrations of trace elements in eggs and blood of spectacled and common eiders on Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-15T11:00:24","indexId":"1003933","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Concentrations of trace elements in eggs and blood of spectacled and common eiders on Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, USA","docAbstract":"

We examined the relations among nesting success, egg viability, and blood and egg concentrations of As, Cd, Pb, Hg, and Se in a threatened population of spectacled eiders (Somateria fischeri) and a sympatric population of common eiders (S. mollissima) on the Yukona??Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, USA, during 1995 and 1996. During the early breeding season, males and females had mean Se concentrations in their blood of 19.2 I?g/g and 12.8 I?g/g wet weight, respectively. Blood Se concentrations of females were correlated with egg concentrations. During brood rearing, blood Se levels were higher in adult females than in ducklings. Blood concentrations of Pb in spectacled eider females were higher than in common eider females captured at hatching, but blood concentrations of Se were similar. Trace element concentrations were not related to nest success or egg viability. We submit that nest success and egg viability of spectacled eiders are not related to concentrations of the trace elements we measured. Because blood Se concentrations declined rapidly through the breeding season and were not related to nest success or egg viability, we suggest that spectacled eiders are exposed to high concentrations of Se during winter that pose little threat to this population.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620210819","usgsCitation":"Grand, J.B., Franson, J., Flint, P.L., and Petersen, M.R., 2002, Concentrations of trace elements in eggs and blood of spectacled and common eiders on Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, USA: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 21, no. 8, p. 1673-1678, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620210819.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1673","endPage":"1678","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134192,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon Kuskokwim Delta","volume":"21","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a494b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grand, J. Barry 0000-0002-3576-4567 barry_grand@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3576-4567","contributorId":579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grand","given":"J.","email":"barry_grand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Barry","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":314688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Franson, J. Christian 0000-0002-0251-4238 jfranson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":2157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J. Christian","email":"jfranson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":314691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":314689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Petersen, Margaret R. 0000-0001-6082-3189 mrpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6082-3189","contributorId":167729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Margaret","email":"mrpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":314690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70182213,"text":"70182213 - 2002 - Response of a subarctic salt marsh plant community to grubbing and grazing by captive lesser snow geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-12T21:24:23","indexId":"70182213","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1474,"text":"Écoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of a subarctic salt marsh plant community to grubbing and grazing by captive lesser snow geese","docAbstract":"

Foraging intensity and faecal inputs are important determinants of plant community response to herbivory. We used captive adult lesser snow geese (Anser caerulescens caerulescens), which feed on both above- and below-ground plant tissues, to manipulate foraging intensity and faecal inputs to plots in a sedge meadow in spring, 1996. We measured plant and soil characteristics throughout the growing season of 1996 and in August 1997. We analysed three contrasts: grazed plots versus ungrazed controls, plots with a short period of feeding (3 goose-hours) versus plots with a long period of feeding (6 goose-hours), and grazed plots with faeces versus grazed plots without faeces. Although grazed plots had an order of magnitude higher foraging intensity than that imposed by wild geese in the marsh, there was no effect of feeding on biomass or nitrogen concentration in the dominant species, Carex ramenskii and Triglochin maritimum, after one and two growing seasons. The amount of forage removed by geese did not differ between plots grazed for long and short periods, indicating that geese were able to remove little additional biomass after 3 hours due to low availability. Therefore, the amount of biomass removed by geese was a better indicator of foraging intensity than the time geese fed on plots. The presence of faeces had no effect on biomass or nitrogen concentration in Carex ramenskii or Triglochin maritimum, or on rates of net nitrogen mineralization in soils. Thus, faeces did not appear to increase nitrogen availability for plants in this marsh, probably because faecal density was low.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor &Francis","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2002.11682719","usgsCitation":"Zacheis, A.B., Hupp, J.W., and Ruess, R.W., 2002, Response of a subarctic salt marsh plant community to grubbing and grazing by captive lesser snow geese: Écoscience, v. 9, no. 3, p. 320-331, https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2002.11682719.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"320","endPage":"331","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335879,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-03-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ad5fc3e4b01ccd54f8b52d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zacheis, Amy B.","contributorId":92460,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zacheis","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hupp, Jerry W. 0000-0002-6439-3910 jhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-3910","contributorId":127803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Jerry","email":"jhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":670002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruess, Roger W.","contributorId":45483,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruess","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1001861,"text":"1001861 - 2002 - Alpha1-antitrypsin polymorphism and systematics of eastern North American wolves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-21T13:13:19","indexId":"1001861","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Alpha1-antitrypsin polymorphism and systematics of eastern North American wolves","docAbstract":"

We used data on the polymorphic status of α1-antitrypsin (α1AT) to study the relationship of Minnesota wolves to the gray wolf (Canis lupus), which was thought to have evolved in Eurasia, and to red wolves (Canis rufus) and coyotes (Canis latrans), which putatively evolved in North America. Recent evidence had indicated that Minnesota wolves might be more closely related to red wolves and coyotes. Samples from wild-caught Minnesota wolves and from captive wolves, at least some of which originated in Alaska and western Canada, were similarly polymorphic for α1AT, whereas coyote and red wolf samples were all monomorphic. Our findings, in conjunction with earlier results, are consistent with the Minnesota wolf being a gray wolf of Eurasian origin or possibly a hybrid between the gray wolf of Eurasian origin and the proposed North American wolf.

","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/z02-066","usgsCitation":"Mech, L.D., and Federoff, N.E., 2002, Alpha1-antitrypsin polymorphism and systematics of eastern North American wolves: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 80, no. 5, p. 961-963, https://doi.org/10.1139/z02-066.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"961","endPage":"963","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134381,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db687f9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":311972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Federoff, Nicholas E.","contributorId":174756,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Federoff","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70180866,"text":"70180866 - 2002 - Evaluating the impacts of wildland fires on caribou in interior Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-06T08:42:21","indexId":"70180866","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":897,"text":"Arctic Research of the United States","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating the impacts of wildland fires on caribou in interior Alaska","docAbstract":"

Caribou are found throughout the boreal forests of interior Alaska, a region subject to chronic and expansive wildland fires. Fruticose lichens, if available, constitute the majority of the winter diet of caribou throughout their range and are common in mature boreal forests but largely absent from early successional stages. Fire, the dominant ecological driving force, increases vegetative diversity and productivity across the landscape but may reduce the availability of caribou winter forage for decades.

Increasingly, wildland fire regimes are influenced by humans seeking to reduce fire hazards or mitigate the effects of years of fire suppression. Consequently, biologists have debated the importance of forage lichens to the dynamics of caribou populations, and land managers have questioned the importance of fire regime to wintering caribou. To better understand the impacts of wildland fire on caribou, we are simultaneously investigating the relationships between fire history, caribou movements, forage lichen availability, and caribou nutritional performance on their winter range.

","language":"English","publisher":"National Science Foundation","publisherLocation":"Arlington, VA","usgsCitation":"Joly, K., Adams, L., Dale, B.W., and Collins, W., 2002, Evaluating the impacts of wildland fires on caribou in interior Alaska: Arctic Research of the United States, v. 16, no. 2, p. 63-67.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"67","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334796,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334803,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.nsf.gov/pubs/2003/nsf03021/nsf03021_10.pdf"},{"id":334794,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.arctic.gov/publications/related/arotus.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.138671875,\n 61.897577621605016\n ],\n [\n -152.138671875,\n 67.13582938531948\n ],\n [\n -140.361328125,\n 67.13582938531948\n ],\n [\n -140.361328125,\n 61.897577621605016\n ],\n [\n -152.138671875,\n 61.897577621605016\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589847a9e4b0efcedb7072d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Joly, Kyle","contributorId":53117,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Joly","given":"Kyle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12462,"text":"U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":662632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Layne G. 0000-0001-6212-2896 ladams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2896","contributorId":2776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Layne G.","email":"ladams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dale, Bruce W.","contributorId":6769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dale","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Collins, William","contributorId":50146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70024271,"text":"70024271 - 2002 - Fault structure and kinematics of the Long Valley Caldera region, California, revealed by high-accuracy earthquake hypocenters and focal mechanism stress inversions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-06T11:16:43","indexId":"70024271","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fault structure and kinematics of the Long Valley Caldera region, California, revealed by high-accuracy earthquake hypocenters and focal mechanism stress inversions","docAbstract":"We have determined high-resolution hypocenters for 45,000+ earthquakes that occurred between 1980 and 2000 in the Long Valley caldera area using a double-difference earthquake location algorithm and routinely determined arrival times. The locations reveal numerous discrete fault planes in the southern caldera and adjacent Sierra Nevada block (SNB). Intracaldera faults include a series of east/west-striking right-lateral strike-slip faults beneath the caldera's south moat and a series of more northerly striking strike-slip/normal faults beneath the caldera's resurgent dome. Seismicity in the SNB south of the caldera is confined to a crustal block bounded on the west by an east-dipping oblique normal fault and on the east by the Hilton Creek fault. Two NE-striking left-lateral strike-slip faults are responsible for most seismicity within this block. To understand better the stresses driving seismicity, we performed stress inversions using focal mechanisms with 50 or more first motions. This analysis reveals that the least principal stress direction systematically rotates across the studied region, from NE to SW in the caldera's south moat to WNW-ESE in Round Valley, 25 km to the SE. Because WNW-ESE extension is characteristic of the western boundary of the Basin and Range province, caldera area stresses appear to be locally perturbed. This stress perturbation does not seem to result from magma chamber inflation but may be related to the significant (???20 km) left step in the locus of extension along the Sierra Nevada/Basin and Range province boundary. This implies that regional-scale tectonic processes are driving seismic deformation in the Long Valley caldera.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2001JB001168","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Prejean, S., Ellsworth, W.L., Zoback, M., and Waldhauser, F., 2002, Fault structure and kinematics of the Long Valley Caldera region, California, revealed by high-accuracy earthquake hypocenters and focal mechanism stress inversions: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 107, no. B12, p. ESE 9-1-ESE 9-19, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB001168.","productDescription":"2355; 19 p.","startPage":"ESE 9-1","endPage":"ESE 9-19","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478666,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2001jb001168","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":231612,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Long Valley Caldera region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.1,\n 37.25\n ],\n [\n -119.25,\n 37.25\n ],\n [\n -119.25,\n 38.1\n ],\n [\n -118.1,\n 38.1\n ],\n [\n -118.1,\n 37.25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"107","issue":"B12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-12-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f1ce4b0c8380cd5378a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prejean, Stephanie 0000-0003-0510-1989 sprejean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0510-1989","contributorId":172404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prejean","given":"Stephanie","email":"sprejean@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":400653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellsworth, William L. ellsworth@usgs.gov","contributorId":787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"William","email":"ellsworth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":400652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zoback, Mark","contributorId":81092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zoback","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Waldhauser, Felix","contributorId":59106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldhauser","given":"Felix","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70024269,"text":"70024269 - 2002 - Absolute timing of sulfide and gold mineralization: A comparison of Re-Os molybdenite and Ar-Ar mica methods from the Tintina Gold Belt, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:16","indexId":"70024269","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Absolute timing of sulfide and gold mineralization: A comparison of Re-Os molybdenite and Ar-Ar mica methods from the Tintina Gold Belt, Alaska","docAbstract":"New Re-Os molybdenite dates from two lode gold deposits of the Tintina Gold Belt, Alaska, provide direct timing constraints for sulfide and gold mineralization. At Fort Knox, the Re-Os molybdenite date is identical to the U-Pb zircon age for the host intrusion, supporting an intrusive-related origin for the deposit. However, 40Ar/39Ar dates from hydrothermal and igneous mica are considerably younger. At the Pogo deposit, Re-Os molybdenite dates are also much older than 40Ar/39Ar dates from hydrothermal mica, but dissimilar to the age of local granites. These age relationships indicate that the Re-Os molybdenite method records the timing of sulfide and gold mineralization, whereas much younger 40Ar/39Ar dates are affected by post-ore thermal events, slow cooling, and/or systemic analytical effects. The results of this study complement a growing body of evidence to indicate that the Re-Os chronometer in molybdenite can be an accurate and robust tool for establishing timing relations in ore systems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0791:ATOSAG>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Selby, D., Creaser, R., Hart, C., Rombach, C., Thompson, J.F., Smith, M.T., Bakke, A., and Goldfarb, R., 2002, Absolute timing of sulfide and gold mineralization: A comparison of Re-Os molybdenite and Ar-Ar mica methods from the Tintina Gold Belt, Alaska: Geology, v. 30, no. 9, p. 791-794, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0791:ATOSAG>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"791","endPage":"794","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207030,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0791:ATOSAG>2.0.CO;2"},{"id":231574,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e64ce4b0c8380cd47320","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Selby, D.","contributorId":57623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selby","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Creaser, R.A.","contributorId":50319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Creaser","given":"R.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hart, C.J.R.","contributorId":67228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"C.J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rombach, C.S.","contributorId":52228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rombach","given":"C.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thompson, J. F. H.","contributorId":18519,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, Moira T.","contributorId":11795,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Moira","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bakke, A.A.","contributorId":70147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bakke","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Goldfarb, R.J.","contributorId":38143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldfarb","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70024181,"text":"70024181 - 2002 - Temporal variations of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in sea otter skull tissue in the North Pacific Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-04T16:57:57","indexId":"70024181","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2263,"text":"Journal of Environmental Radioactivity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal variations of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in sea otter skull tissue in the North Pacific Ocean","docAbstract":"

Marine mammals being among the top predators in the food web tend to accumulate organic and inorganic contaminants from the environment. The body burden of contaminants in these species could reflect their foods and thus contaminant levels could serve as proxies on the changes of ecosystem. A pilot study was carried out to investigate the possibility of radionuclide leakage at Amchitka using a suite of sea otter (Enhydra lutris) skulls collected near Amchitka nuclear test-sites before (1950s) and after the testing (1990s), and at Adak, another Aleutian Island, about 300 km from Amchitka, where the potential impact of radionuclide leakage from Amchitka is expected to be negligible. In addition, the naturally occurring and anthropogenic radionuclide content on the sea otter skull was also utilized to investigate if there was any significant ecosystem changes in the environment.

Concentration of 210Pb in sea otter bones collected during the 1950s was significantly higher than those collected in the 1990s. We propose that among the various factors that could cause this higher enrichment in 210Pb, changes in the sea otter prey is the most likely one. Comparison of the 137Cs, 90Sr, 239,240Pu concentrations appear not to be significantly higher in sea otter skulls collected in 1990s from Amchitka where the underground tests in 1965–71 than those from Adak, although significant differences were detected among different groups collected at various times.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0265-931X(02)00036-X","usgsCitation":"Baskaran, M., Hong, G., Dayton, S., Bodkin, J.L., and Kelley, J., 2002, Temporal variations of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in sea otter skull tissue in the North Pacific Ocean: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, v. 64, no. 1, p. 1-18, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0265-931X(02)00036-X.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"18","costCenters":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231988,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba52fe4b08c986b320895","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baskaran, M.","contributorId":96627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baskaran","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hong, G.-H.","contributorId":46456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hong","given":"G.-H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dayton, S.","contributorId":57401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dayton","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":400292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kelley, J.J.","contributorId":98075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70024123,"text":"70024123 - 2002 - Reduction of provisioning effort in response to experimental manipulation of chick nutritional status in the Horned Puffin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-23T16:22:29.320109","indexId":"70024123","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reduction of provisioning effort in response to experimental manipulation of chick nutritional status in the Horned Puffin","docAbstract":"

Using a supplemental feeding experiment, we investigated the ability of adult Horned Puffins to decrease provisioning effort in response to reduced nutritional requirements of chicks. We found no difference between experimental and control groups in parental provisioning before supplementary feeding was initiated. After receiving supplemental food for seven days, experimental chicks grew faster, gained more mass and received 87% less food from their parents than did control chicks. These results demonstrate that Horned Puffin parents can decrease food provisioning in response to a decrease in their chick nutritional requirements. 

","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/condor/104.4.842","usgsCitation":"Harding, A., van Pelt, T.I., Piatt, J.F., and Kitaysky, A., 2002, Reduction of provisioning effort in response to experimental manipulation of chick nutritional status in the Horned Puffin: Condor, v. 104, no. 4, p. 842-847, https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/104.4.842.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"842","endPage":"847","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478675,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/104.4.842","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":231639,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Duck Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.5568389892578,\n 60.14509399629047\n ],\n [\n -152.54310607910156,\n 60.14509399629047\n ],\n [\n -152.54310607910156,\n 60.15124610473283\n ],\n [\n -152.5568389892578,\n 60.15124610473283\n ],\n [\n -152.5568389892578,\n 60.14509399629047\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"104","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a3e3e4b0e8fec6cdba00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harding, A.M.A.","contributorId":29088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harding","given":"A.M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van Pelt, Thomas I.","contributorId":13392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Pelt","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":400098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":400100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kitaysky, A.S.","contributorId":104239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitaysky","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70024122,"text":"70024122 - 2002 - Holocene tephrochronology of the Cold Bay area, southwest Alaska Peninsula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-05T11:13:21","indexId":"70024122","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene tephrochronology of the Cold Bay area, southwest Alaska Peninsula","docAbstract":"

The major-element glass geochemistry of 92 tephra samples from the southwest Alaska Peninsula provides the basis for establishing a Holocene tephrochronology for the region. Electron microprobe analysis has been combined with field descriptions of samples, stratigraphic relationships between tephra samples and sample localities, and glass shard micro-morphology to correlate these sampled distal tephra units throughout the area of Cold Bay and adjacent Morzhovoi Bay. Radiocarbon dating provides age constraints on correlated horizons. Previous research had clearly delineated only one horizon in the region, the so-called 'Funk/Fisher' ash, dating to between 8425 ± 350 and 9130 ± 140 14C yr BP. In addition to constraining the bimodal andesitic and dacitic glass chemistry of that horizon, this study has recognized six additional tephra layers in the area. Two horizons pre-date the Funk/Fisher ash and four are younger than it. A tephra containing dacitic and andesitic components was identified in the vicinity of Morzhovoi Bay, with a minimum age of 9300 ± 80 14C yr BP and a maximum age of 10,200 ± 75 14C yr BP. A rhyolitic horizon composed of cm-sized, rounded pumice clasts was identified in the vicinity of Cold Bay; it has been correlated to the ca 9500 BP eruption of Roundtop volcano on Unimak Island. The four younger tephra beds date to between 6070 ± 340 and 3600 ± 140 14C yr BP. The oldest of the four is rhyodacitic, followed by a mixed rhyodacitic-andesitic horizon, another rhyodacitic horizon, and finally an andesitic layer. Comparison of all the correlated horizons to proximal samples collected on Unimak Island provides conclusive geochemical evidence that the ca 9100 BP Caldera-forming eruption of Fisher volcano is the source of the Funk/Fisher ash. Correlation between the rhyodacitic tephra horizons and proximal samples from Fisher volcano suggests that Fisher Caldera is the source of one of the rhyodacitic tephra horizons that post-dates the Funk/Fisher ash. Additional tephra samples from the southwest Alaska Peninsula and Unimak Island that were collected prior to this study correlate to the tephra horizons identified in the Cold Bay area and identify one additional horizon.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Science Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0277-3791(02)00023-9","issn":"02773791","usgsCitation":"Carson, E., Fournelle, J., Miller, T.P., and Mickelson, D., 2002, Holocene tephrochronology of the Cold Bay area, southwest Alaska Peninsula: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 21, no. 20-22, p. 2213-2228, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(02)00023-9.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"2213","endPage":"2228","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207055,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(02)00023-9"}],"volume":"21","issue":"20-22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a31f7e4b0c8380cd5e3d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carson, E.C.","contributorId":90073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carson","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fournelle, J.H.","contributorId":90074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fournelle","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, T. P.","contributorId":49345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mickelson, D.M.","contributorId":102147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mickelson","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70024092,"text":"70024092 - 2002 - The utility of estimating net primary productivity over Alaska using baseline AVHRR data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-06T16:40:09.750879","indexId":"70024092","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2068,"text":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The utility of estimating net primary productivity over Alaska using baseline AVHRR data","docAbstract":"Net primary productivity (NPP) is a fundamental ecological variable that provides information about the health and status of vegetation communities. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, or NDVI, derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) is increasingly being used to model or predict NPP, especially over large remote areas. In this article, seven seasonally based metrics calculated from a seven-year baseline NDVI dataset were used to model NPP over Alaska, USA. For each growing season, they included maximum, mean and summed NDVI, total days, product of total days and maximum NDVI, an integral estimate of NDVI and a summed product of NDVI and solar radiation. Field (plot) derived NPP estimates were assigned to 18 land cover classes from an Alaskan statewide land cover database. Linear relationships between NPP and each NDVI metric were analysed at four scales: plot, 1-km, 10-km and 20-km pixels. Results show moderate to poor relationship between any of the metrics and NPP estimates for all data sets and scales. Use of NDVI for estimating NPP may be possible, but caution is required due to data seasonality, the scaling process used and land surface heterogeneity.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/01431160110113926","usgsCitation":"Markon, C., and Peterson, K.M., 2002, The utility of estimating net primary productivity over Alaska using baseline AVHRR data: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 23, no. 21, p. 4571-4596, https://doi.org/10.1080/01431160110113926.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"4571","endPage":"4596","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231762,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, Kim M.","contributorId":58806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70024026,"text":"70024026 - 2002 - Grassland birds orient nests relative to nearby vegetation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-17T16:54:38.186099","indexId":"70024026","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Grassland birds orient nests relative to nearby vegetation","docAbstract":"

We studied orientation of nest sites relative to nearby vegetation for dabbling ducks (Cinnamon Teal, Anas cyanoptera; Blue-winged Teal, A. discors; Gadwall, A. strepera; Mallard, A. platyrhynchos; and Northern Shoveler, A. clypeata) and Short-eared Owls (Asio flammeus) in ungrazed grassland habitat during 1995–1997 in westcentral Montana. We estimated an index of vegetation height and density in intercardinal directions (NE, SE, SW, NW) immediately around nests. All species oriented nests with the least vegetation to the southeast and the most vegetation to either the southwest or northwest. Furthermore, maximum vegetation around nests shifted from the southwest to the northwest with increasing nest initiation date, apparently as a response of individuals tracking seasonal change in the afternoon solar path. Thus, nests were relatively exposed to solar insolation during cool morning hours but were shaded from intense insolation in the afternoon throughout the breeding season. We suggest that nest microhabitat was selected in part to moderate the thermal environment.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wilson Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1676/0043-5643(2002)114[0450:GBONRT]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Hoekman, S.T., Ball, I., and Fondell, T., 2002, Grassland birds orient nests relative to nearby vegetation: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 114, no. 4, p. 450-456, https://doi.org/10.1676/0043-5643(2002)114[0450:GBONRT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"450","endPage":"456","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478756,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/210407","text":"External Repository"},{"id":231943,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Mission Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.2,\n 47.245678021018755\n ],\n [\n -114.6,\n 47.245678021018755\n ],\n [\n -114.6,\n 47.67833372712059\n ],\n [\n -114.2,\n 47.67833372712059\n ],\n [\n -114.2,\n 47.245678021018755\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"114","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a29e6e4b0c8380cd5ad22","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoekman, S. T.","contributorId":101418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoekman","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ball, I.J.","contributorId":104427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"I.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fondell, Thomas F. tfondell@usgs.gov","contributorId":139310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fondell","given":"Thomas F.","email":"tfondell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":399724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70023801,"text":"70023801 - 2002 - Distinguishing sediment waves from slope failure deposits: Field examples, including the 'humboldt slide', and modelling results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:04","indexId":"70023801","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distinguishing sediment waves from slope failure deposits: Field examples, including the 'humboldt slide', and modelling results","docAbstract":"Migrating sediment waves have been reported in a variety of marine settings, including submarine levee-fan systems, floors of fjords, and other basin or continental slope environments. Examination of such wave fields reveals nine diagnostic characteristics. When these characteristics are applied to several features previously attributed to submarine landslide deformation, they suggest that the features should most likely be reinterpreted as migrating sediment-wave fields. Sites that have been reinterpreted include the 'Humboldt slide' on the Eel River margin in northern California, the continental slope in the Gulf of Cadiz, the continental shelf off the Malaspina Glacier in the Gulf of Alaska, and the Adriatic shelf. A reassessment of all four features strongly suggests that numerous turbidity currents, separated by intervals of ambient hemipelagic sedimentation, deposited the wave fields over thousands of years. A numerical model of hyperpycnal discharge from the Eel River, for example, shows that under certain alongshore-current conditions, such events can produce turbidity currents that flow across the 'Humboldt slide', serving as the mechanism for the development of migrating sediment waves. Numerical experiments also demonstrate that where a series of turbidity currents flows across a rough seafloor (i.e. numerical steps), sediment waves can form and migrate upslope. Hemipelagic sedimentation between turbidity current events further facilitates the upslope migration of the sediment waves. Physical modelling of turbidity currents also confirms the formation and migration of seafloor bedforms. The morphologies of sediment waves generated both numerically and physically in the laboratory bear a strong resemblance to those observed in the field, including those that were previously described as submarine landslides.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0025-3227(02)00550-9","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Lee, H., Syvitski, J., Parker, G., Orange, D.L., Locat, J., Hutton, E.W., and Imran, J., 2002, Distinguishing sediment waves from slope failure deposits: Field examples, including the 'humboldt slide', and modelling results: Marine Geology, v. 192, no. 1-3, p. 79-104, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(02)00550-9.","startPage":"79","endPage":"104","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207346,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(02)00550-9"},{"id":232233,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"192","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0251e4b0c8380cd4ffd7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, H.J.","contributorId":96693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"H.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Syvitski, J.P.M.","contributorId":91222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Syvitski","given":"J.P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parker, G.","contributorId":31112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Orange, Daniel L.","contributorId":23309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orange","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Locat, J.","contributorId":56392,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Locat","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25484,"text":"Université Laval, Québec City, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":398894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hutton, E. W. H.","contributorId":20940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutton","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"W. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Imran, J.","contributorId":44322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Imran","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70187770,"text":"70187770 - 2002 - Life and death of the Resurrection Plate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-17T12:09:17","indexId":"70187770","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5392,"text":"Newsletter of the Alaska Geological Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Life and death of the Resurrection Plate","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Geological Society","usgsCitation":"Haeussler, P.J., Bradley, D.C., Wells, R., and Miller, M.L., 2002, Life and death of the Resurrection Plate: Newsletter of the Alaska Geological Society, v. 31, p. 1-1.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"1","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341444,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593e3c9ae4b0764e6c61b834","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradley, D. C.","contributorId":17634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wells, R.E. 0000-0002-7796-0160","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-0160","contributorId":67537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"R.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, Marti L. 0000-0003-0285-4942 mlmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0285-4942","contributorId":561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Marti","email":"mlmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70188547,"text":"70188547 - 2002 - Response of seabirds to fluctuations in forage fish density ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T17:44:54","indexId":"70188547","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Response of seabirds to fluctuations in forage fish density ","docAbstract":"

Following the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill (EVOS), one concern was that prevailing ecological conditions in the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) would not favor recovery of damaged seabird populations. To address this issue, we examined relationships between oceanography, forage fish and seabirds near three seabird colonies in lower Cook Inlet (LCI) in 1995-1999 (some colony work continued until 2001). Upwelling of cold, nutrient-rich GOA waters at the entrance to the shallow LCI estuary supports a high density of juvenile pollock, sand lance, and capelin; which in turn are exploited by high densities of breeding seabirds (murres, kittiwakes, puffins, etc.) on the east side of LCI. Waters on the west side of LCI are oceanographically distinct (warmer, less saline, outflowing), and much less productive for forage fish and seabirds. Patterns of seabird foraging behavior, productivity and population change reflected patterns of forage fish abundance and distribution, which in turn depended on local oceanography. Most seabird parameters varied with forage fish density in a non-linear (e.g., sigmoidal, exponential) fashion, and in some areas and years, productivity was limited by food availability.  Current and projected ecological conditions favor recovery of seabirds from the EVOS at some colonies. In 14 chapters, this report summarizes data and compiles it into 247 tables, figures and appendices. Chapter 14 provides a thorough synthesis of overall project findings. Final analyses and interpretations of data will be published later in peer-reviewed journals (in addition to 61 articles already completed).

","language":"English","publisher":"Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","usgsCitation":"2002, Response of seabirds to fluctuations in forage fish density , xxi, 172 p.","productDescription":"xxi, 172 p.","numberOfPages":"459","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342531,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":342528,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.evostc.state.ak.us/index.cfm?FA=searchresults.projectInfo&Project_ID=1750"}],"publicComments":"Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Restoration Project 00163M Final Report; OCS Study MMS 2002-068 Final Report","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59424b3fe4b0764e6c65dca1","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698287,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}