{"pageNumber":"192","pageRowStart":"4775","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10466,"records":[{"id":70032327,"text":"70032327 - 2011 - Spatial variation in transient water table responses: Differences between an upper and lower hillslope zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:25","indexId":"70032327","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial variation in transient water table responses: Differences between an upper and lower hillslope zone","docAbstract":"To better understand storage-runoff dynamics, transient groundwater responses were examined in one of the steep watersheds in British Columbia's coastal mountains. Streamflow and piezometric data were collected for 1year to determine the spatial and temporal relations between transient groundwater levels and discharge. Correlations between piezometer responses and lag-time analysis were used to identify and better understand runoff generation mechanisms in this watershed. Results showed a large spatial and temporal variation in transient water table dynamics and indicated that two distinct zones existed: a lower hillslope zone and an upslope zone. Each zone was characterized by very different water table responses. The upper hillslope was disconnected from the stream for the majority of time, suggesting that during most events, it does not directly contribute to streamflow. Piezometers in the lower hillslope zone showed hydrologically limited responses, suggesting rapid subsurface flow, likely through the many macropores and soil pipes. The lag time between peak streamflow and peak groundwater level decreased with increasing antecedent moisture conditions and was more variable for piezometers further away from the stream than for piezometers close to the stream. The study results indicate that a single storage-runoff model is not appropriate for this steep watershed and that a two- or three-compartment model would be more suitable. ?? 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/hyp.8354","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Haught, D., and Van Meerveld, H., 2011, Spatial variation in transient water table responses: Differences between an upper and lower hillslope zone: Hydrological Processes, v. 25, no. 25, p. 3866-3877, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8354.","startPage":"3866","endPage":"3877","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214890,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8354"},{"id":242648,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b94bde4b08c986b31ac1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haught, D.R.W.","contributorId":80100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haught","given":"D.R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Meerveld, H. J.","contributorId":107954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Meerveld","given":"H. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032350,"text":"70032350 - 2011 - Estimating temporal trend in the presence of spatial complexity: A Bayesian hierarchical model for a wetland plant population undergoing restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:26","indexId":"70032350","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating temporal trend in the presence of spatial complexity: A Bayesian hierarchical model for a wetland plant population undergoing restoration","docAbstract":"Monitoring programs that evaluate restoration and inform adaptive management are important for addressing environmental degradation. These efforts may be well served by spatially explicit hierarchical approaches to modeling because of unavoidable spatial structure inherited from past land use patterns and other factors. We developed Bayesian hierarchical models to estimate trends from annual density counts observed in a spatially structured wetland forb (Camassia quamash [camas]) population following the cessation of grazing and mowing on the study area, and in a separate reference population of camas. The restoration site was bisected by roads and drainage ditches, resulting in distinct subpopulations (\"zones\") with different land use histories. We modeled this spatial structure by fitting zone-specific intercepts and slopes. We allowed spatial covariance parameters in the model to vary by zone, as in stratified kriging, accommodating anisotropy and improving computation and biological interpretation. Trend estimates provided evidence of a positive effect of passive restoration, and the strength of evidence was influenced by the amount of spatial structure in the model. Allowing trends to vary among zones and accounting for topographic heterogeneity increased precision of trend estimates. Accounting for spatial autocorrelation shifted parameter coefficients in ways that varied among zones depending on strength of statistical shrinkage, autocorrelation and topographic heterogeneity-a phenomenon not widely described. Spatially explicit estimates of trend from hierarchical models will generally be more useful to land managers than pooled regional estimates and provide more realistic assessments of uncertainty. The ability to grapple with historical contingency is an appealing benefit of this approach.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0028635","issn":"19326203","usgsCitation":"Rodhouse, T., Irvine, K., Vierling, K., and Vierling, L., 2011, Estimating temporal trend in the presence of spatial complexity: A Bayesian hierarchical model for a wetland plant population undergoing restoration: PLoS ONE, v. 6, no. 12, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028635.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475077,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028635","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214735,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028635"},{"id":242485,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b51e4b0c8380cd5268e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodhouse, T.J.","contributorId":10978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodhouse","given":"T.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Irvine, K.M.","contributorId":39210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irvine","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vierling, K.T.","contributorId":67841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vierling","given":"K.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vierling, L.A.","contributorId":58113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vierling","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032361,"text":"70032361 - 2011 - Metagenomic analysis of a permafrost microbial community reveals a rapid response to thaw","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-29T11:55:58.67828","indexId":"70032361","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metagenomic analysis of a permafrost microbial community reveals a rapid response to thaw","docAbstract":"<p>Permafrost contains an estimated 1672 Pg carbon (C), an amount roughly equivalent to the total currently contained within land plants and the atmosphere1,2,3. This reservoir of C is vulnerable to decomposition as rising global temperatures cause the permafrost to thaw2. During thaw, trapped organic matter may become more accessible for microbial degradation and result in greenhouse gas emissions4,5. Despite recent advances in the use of molecular tools to study permafrost microbial communities6,7,8,9, their response to thaw remains unclear. Here we use deep metagenomic sequencing to determine the impact of thaw on microbial phylogenetic and functional genes, and relate these data to measurements of methane emissions. Metagenomics, the direct sequencing of DNA from the environment, allows the examination of whole biochemical pathways and associated processes, as opposed to individual pieces of the metabolic puzzle. Our metagenome analyses reveal that during transition from a frozen to a thawed state there are rapid shifts in many microbial, phylogenetic and functional gene abundances and pathways. After one week of incubation at 5 °C, permafrost metagenomes converge to be more similar to each other than while they are frozen. We find that multiple genes involved in cycling of C and nitrogen shift rapidly during thaw. We also construct the first draft genome from a complex soil metagenome, which corresponds to a novel methanogen. Methane previously accumulated in permafrost is released during thaw and subsequently consumed by methanotrophic bacteria. Together these data point towards the importance of rapid cycling of methane and nitrogen in thawing permafrost.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/nature10576","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"MacKelprang, R., Waldrop, M., Deangelis, K., David, M., Chavarria, K., Blazewicz, S., Rubin, E., and Jansson, J., 2011, Metagenomic analysis of a permafrost microbial community reveals a rapid response to thaw: Nature, v. 480, no. 7377, p. 368-371, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10576.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"368","endPage":"371","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475153,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1051660","text":"External Repository"},{"id":241576,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"480","issue":"7377","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a546ae4b0c8380cd6cf8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacKelprang, R.","contributorId":96490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKelprang","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waldrop, M. P. 0000-0003-1829-7140","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-7140","contributorId":105104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldrop","given":"M. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Deangelis, K.M.","contributorId":103096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deangelis","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"David, M.M.","contributorId":55219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"David","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chavarria, K.L.","contributorId":82932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chavarria","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Blazewicz, S.J.","contributorId":98957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazewicz","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rubin, E.M.","contributorId":26890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jansson, J.K.","contributorId":85411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jansson","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70032393,"text":"70032393 - 2011 - Measurements of Martian dust devil winds with HiRISE","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-01T15:46:34","indexId":"70032393","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Measurements of Martian dust devil winds with HiRISE","docAbstract":"<p><span>We report wind measurements within Martian dust devils observed in plan view from the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) orbiting Mars. The central color swath of the HiRISE instrument has three separate charge‐coupled devices (CCDs) and color filters that observe the surface in rapid cadence. Active features, such as dust devils, appear in motion when observed by this region of the instrument. Our image animations reveal clear circulatory motion within dust devils that is separate from their translational motion across the Martian surface. Both manual and automated tracking of dust devil clouds reveal tangential winds that approach 20–30 m s</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;in some cases. These winds are sufficient to induce a ∼1% decrease in atmospheric pressure within the dust devil core relative to ambient, facilitating dust lifting by reducing the threshold wind speed for particle elevation. Finally, radial velocity profiles constructed from our automated measurements test the Rankine vortex model for dust devil structure. Our profiles successfully reveal the solid body rotation component in the interior, but fail to conclusively illuminate the profile in the outer regions of the vortex. One profile provides evidence for a velocity decrease as a function of r</span><sup>−1/2</sup><span>, instead of r</span><sup>−1</sup><span>, suggestive of surface friction effects. However, other profiles do not support this observation, or do not contain enough measurements to produce meaningful insights.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2011GL049806","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Choi, D., and Dundas, C.M., 2011, Measurements of Martian dust devil winds with HiRISE: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 38, no. 24, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL049806.","productDescription":"5 p.","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487058,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011gl049806","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241542,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213876,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GL049806"}],"volume":"38","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5325e4b0c8380cd6c8df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Choi, D.S.","contributorId":86180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choi","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dundas, Colin M. 0000-0003-2343-7224 cdundas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2343-7224","contributorId":2937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dundas","given":"Colin","email":"cdundas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032394,"text":"70032394 - 2011 - Inversion of ground-motion data from a seismometer array for rotation using a modification of Jaeger's method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-23T09:45:16","indexId":"70032394","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inversion of ground-motion data from a seismometer array for rotation using a modification of Jaeger's method","docAbstract":"We develop a new way to invert 2D translational waveforms using Jaeger's (1969) formula to derive rotational ground motions about one axis and estimate the errors in them using techniques from statistical multivariate analysis. This procedure can be used to derive rotational ground motions and strains using arrayed translational data, thus providing an efficient way to calibrate the performance of rotational sensors. This approach does not require a priori information about the noise level of the translational data and elastic properties of the media. This new procedure also provides estimates of the standard deviations of the derived rotations and strains. In this study, we validated this code using synthetic translational waveforms from a seismic array. The results after the inversion of the synthetics for rotations were almost identical with the results derived using a well-tested inversion procedure by Spudich and Fletcher (2009). This new 2D procedure can be applied three times to obtain the full, three-component rotations. Additional modifications can be implemented to the code in the future to study different features of the rotational ground motions and strains induced by the passage of seismic waves.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120100204","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Chi, W., Lee, W., Aston, J., Lin, C., and Liu, C., 2011, Inversion of ground-motion data from a seismometer array for rotation using a modification of Jaeger's method: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 101, no. 6, p. 3105-3109, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120100204.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"3105","endPage":"3109","numberOfPages":"5","ipdsId":"IP-022928","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":213877,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120100204"},{"id":241543,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"101","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3e53e4b0c8380cd63ca6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chi, Wu-Cheng","contributorId":26148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chi","given":"Wu-Cheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, W.H.K.","contributorId":35303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"W.H.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aston, J.A.D.","contributorId":55650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aston","given":"J.A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lin, C.J.","contributorId":99385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Liu, C.-C.","contributorId":89662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"C.-C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032419,"text":"70032419 - 2011 - Simulating the potential effects of climate change in two Colorado basins and at two Colorado ski areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-28T15:31:02","indexId":"70032419","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1421,"text":"Earth Interactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulating the potential effects of climate change in two Colorado basins and at two Colorado ski areas","docAbstract":"<p>The mountainous areas of Colorado are used for tourism and recreation, and they provide water storage and supply for municipalities, industries, and agriculture. Recent studies suggest that water supply and tourist industries such as skiing are at risk from climate change. In this study, a distributed-parameter watershed model, the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS), is used to identify the potential effects of future climate on hydrologic conditions for two Colorado basins, the East River at Almont and the Yampa River at Steamboat Springs, and at the subbasin scale for two ski areas within those basins.</p><p>Climate-change input files for PRMS were generated by modifying daily PRMS precipitation and temperature inputs with mean monthly climate-change fields of precipitation and temperature derived from five general circulation model (GCM) simulations using one current and three future carbon emission scenarios. All GCM simulations of mean daily minimum and maximum air temperature for the East and Yampa River basins indicate a relatively steady increase of up to several degrees Celsius from baseline conditions by 2094. GCM simulations of precipitation in the two basins indicate little change or trend in precipitation, but there is a large range associated with these projections. PRMS projections of basin mean daily streamflow vary by scenario but indicate a central tendency toward slight decreases, with a large range associated with these projections.</p><p>Decreases in water content or changes in the spatial extent of snowpack in the East and Yampa River basins are important because of potential adverse effects on water supply and recreational activities. PRMS projections of each future scenario indicate a central tendency for decreases in basin mean snow-covered area and snowpack water equivalent, with the range in the projected decreases increasing with time. However, when examined on a monthly basis, the projected decreases are most dramatic during fall and spring. Presumably, ski area locations are picked because of a tendency to receive snow and keep snowpack relative to the surrounding area. This effect of ski area location within the basin was examined by comparing projections of March snow-covered area and snowpack water equivalent for the entire basin with more local projections for the portion of the basin that represents the ski area in the PRMS models. These projections indicate a steady decrease in March snow-covered area for the basins but only small changes in March snow-covered area at both ski areas for the three future scenarios until around 2050. After 2050, larger decreases are possible, but there is a large range in the projections of future scenarios. The rates of decrease for snowpack water equivalent and precipitation that falls as snow are similar at the basin and subbasin scale in both basins. Results from this modeling effort show that there is a wide range of possible outcomes for future snowpack conditions in Colorado. The results also highlight the differences between projections for entire basins and projections for local areas or subbasins within those basins.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/2011EI373.1","usgsCitation":"Battaglin, W., Hay, L.E., and Markstrom, S., 2011, Simulating the potential effects of climate change in two Colorado basins and at two Colorado ski areas: Earth Interactions, v. 15, no. 22, p. 1-23, https://doi.org/10.1175/2011EI373.1.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"23","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475226,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/2011ei373.1","text":"Publisher Index 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,{"id":70032443,"text":"70032443 - 2011 - Aeolian nutrient fluxes following wildfire in sagebrush steppe: Implications for soil carbon storage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:20","indexId":"70032443","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1011,"text":"Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aeolian nutrient fluxes following wildfire in sagebrush steppe: Implications for soil carbon storage","docAbstract":"Pulses of aeolian transport following fire can profoundly affect the biogeochemical cycling of nutrients in semi-arid and arid ecosystems. Our objective was to determine horizontal nutrient fluxes occurring in the saltation zone during an episodic pulse of aeolian transport that occurred following a wildfire in a semi-arid sagebrush steppe ecosystem in southern Idaho, USA. We also examined how temporal trends in nutrient fluxes were affected by changes in particle sizes of eroded mass as well as nutrient concentrations associated with different particle size classes. In the burned area, total carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) fluxes were as high as 235 g C m????'1 d????'1 and 19 g N m????'1 d????'1 during the first few months following fire, whereas C and N fluxes were negligible in an adjacent unburned area throughout the study. Temporal variation in C and N fluxes following fire was largely attributable to the redistribution of saltation-sized particles. Total N and organic C concentrations in the soil surface were significantly lower in the burned relative to the unburned area one year after fire. Our results show how an episodic pulse of aeolian transport following fire can affect the spatial distribution of soil C and N, which, in turn, can have important implications for soil C storage. These findings demonstrate how an ecological disturbance can exacerbate a geomorphic process and highlight the need for further research to better understand the role aeolian transport plays in the biogeochemical cycling of C and N in recently burned landscapes. ?? Author(s) 2011. CC Attribution 3.0 License.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biogeosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.5194/bg-8-3649-2011","issn":"17264170","usgsCitation":"Hasselquist, N., Germino, M., Sankey, J., Ingram, L., and Glenn, N., 2011, Aeolian nutrient fluxes following wildfire in sagebrush steppe: Implications for soil carbon storage: Biogeosciences, v. 8, no. 12, p. 3649-3659, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-3649-2011.","startPage":"3649","endPage":"3659","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475444,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-3649-2011","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241310,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213661,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-3649-2011"}],"volume":"8","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e70ee4b0c8380cd47814","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hasselquist, N.J.","contributorId":21769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hasselquist","given":"N.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Germino, M.J.","contributorId":82537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Germino","given":"M.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sankey, J.B.","contributorId":53610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sankey","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ingram, L.J.","contributorId":101465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingram","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Glenn, N.F.","contributorId":35130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glenn","given":"N.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032453,"text":"70032453 - 2011 - Reassessment of stable continental regions of Southeast Asia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:21","indexId":"70032453","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reassessment of stable continental regions of Southeast Asia","docAbstract":"Probabilistic seismic-hazard assessments of the central and eastern United States (CEUS) require estimates of the size of the largest possible earthquake (Mmax). In most of the CEUS, sparse historical seismicity does not provide a record of moderate and large earthquakes that is sufficient to constrain Mmax. One remedy for the insufficient catalog is to combine the catalog of moderate to large CEUS earthquakes with catalogs from other regions worldwide that are tectonically analogous to the CEUS (stable continental regions, or SCRs). After the North America SCR, the largest contribution of earthquakes to this global SCR catalog comes from a Southeast Asian SCR that extends from Indochina to southeasternmost Russia. Integration and interpretation of recently published geological and geophysical results show that most of these Southeast Asian earthquakes occurred in areas exposing abundant alkaline igneous rocks and extensional faults, both of Neogene age (last 23 million years). The implied Neogene extension precludes classification of the areas as SCR crust. The extension also reduces the number of moderate and large Southeast Asian historical earthquakes that are available to constrain CEUS Mmax by 86 percent, from 43 to six.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Seismological Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.82.6.971","issn":"08950695","usgsCitation":"Wheeler, R.L., 2011, Reassessment of stable continental regions of Southeast Asia: Seismological Research Letters, v. 82, no. 6, p. 971-983, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.82.6.971.","startPage":"971","endPage":"983","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213816,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.82.6.971"},{"id":241475,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a95c1e4b0c8380cd81bfa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wheeler, R. L.","contributorId":34916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70032484,"text":"70032484 - 2011 - Microtopography enhances nitrogen cycling and removal in created mitigation wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:22","indexId":"70032484","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1454,"text":"Ecological Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microtopography enhances nitrogen cycling and removal in created mitigation wetlands","docAbstract":"Natural wetlands often have a heterogeneous soil surface topography, or microtopography (MT), that creates microsites of variable hydrology, vegetation, and soil biogeochemistry. Created mitigation wetlands are designed to mimic natural wetlands in structure and function, and recent mitigation projects have incorporated MT as one way to attain this goal. Microtopography may influence nitrogen (N) cycling in wetlands by providing adjacent areas of aerobic and anaerobic conditions and by increasing carbon storage, which together facilitate N cycling and removal. This study investigated three created wetlands in the Virginia Piedmont that incorporated disking-induced MT during construction. One site had paired disked and undisked plots, allowing an evaluation of the effects of this design feature on N flux rates. Microtopography was measured using conventional survey equipment along a 1-m circular transect and was described using two indices: tortuosity (T), describing soil surface roughness and relief, and limiting elevation difference (LD), describing soil surface relief. Ammonification, nitrification, and net N mineralization were determined with in situ incubation of modified ion-exchange resin cores and denitrification potential was determined using denitrification enzyme assay (DEA). Results demonstrated that disked plots had significantly greater LD than undisked plots one year after construction. Autogenic sources of MT (e.g. tussock-forming vegetation) in concert with variable hydrology and sedimentation maintained and in some cases enhanced MT in study wetlands. Tortuosity and LD values remained the same in one wetland when compared over a two-year period, suggesting a dynamic equilibrium of MT-forming and -eroding processes at play. Microtopography values also increased when comparing the original induced MT of a one-year old wetland with MT of older created wetlands (five and eight years old) with disking-induced MT, indicating that MT can increase by natural processes over time. When examined along a hydrologic gradient, LD increased with proximity to an overflow point as a result of differential sediment deposition and erosion during flood events. Nitrification increased with T and denitrification potential increased with LD, indicating that microtopographic heterogeneity enhances coupled N fluxes. The resulting N flux patterns may be explained by the increase in oxygen availability elicited by greater T (enhancing nitrification) and by the adjacent zones of aerobic and anaerobic conditions elicited by greater LD (enhancing coupled nitrification and denitrification potential). Findings of this study support the incorporation of MT into the design and regulatory evaluation of created wetlands in order to enhance N cycling and removal. ?? 2011.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2011.03.013","issn":"09258574","usgsCitation":"Wolf, K., Ahn, C., and Noe, G., 2011, Microtopography enhances nitrogen cycling and removal in created mitigation wetlands: Ecological Engineering, v. 37, no. 9, p. 1398-1406, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2011.03.013.","startPage":"1398","endPage":"1406","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213786,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2011.03.013"},{"id":241444,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a56abe4b0c8380cd6d73a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolf, K.L.","contributorId":37547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolf","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ahn, C.","contributorId":22589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahn","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Noe, G.B.","contributorId":66464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"G.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70032514,"text":"70032514 - 2011 - Pseudospectral modeling and dispersion analysis of Rayleigh waves in viscoelastic media","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:21","indexId":"70032514","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3418,"text":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pseudospectral modeling and dispersion analysis of Rayleigh waves in viscoelastic media","docAbstract":"Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) is one of the most widely used techniques in environmental and engineering geophysics to determine shear-wave velocities and dynamic properties, which is based on the elastic layered system theory. Wave propagation in the Earth, however, has been recognized as viscoelastic and the propagation of Rayleigh waves presents substantial differences in viscoelastic media as compared with elastic media. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out numerical simulation and dispersion analysis of Rayleigh waves in viscoelastic media to better understand Rayleigh-wave behaviors in the real world. We apply a pseudospectral method to the calculation of the spatial derivatives using a Chebyshev difference operator in the vertical direction and a Fourier difference operator in the horizontal direction based on the velocity-stress elastodynamic equations and relations of linear viscoelastic solids. This approach stretches the spatial discrete grid to have a minimum grid size near the free surface so that high accuracy and resolution are achieved at the free surface, which allows an effective incorporation of the free surface boundary conditions since the Chebyshev method is nonperiodic. We first use an elastic homogeneous half-space model to demonstrate the accuracy of the pseudospectral method comparing with the analytical solution, and verify the correctness of the numerical modeling results for a viscoelastic half-space comparing the phase velocities of Rayleigh wave between the theoretical values and the dispersive image generated by high-resolution linear Radon transform. We then simulate three types of two-layer models to analyze dispersive-energy characteristics for near-surface applications. Results demonstrate that the phase velocity of Rayleigh waves in viscoelastic media is relatively higher than in elastic media and the fundamental mode increases by 10-16% when the frequency is above 10. Hz due to the velocity dispersion of P and S waves. ?? 2011 Elsevier Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2011.05.004","issn":"02677261","usgsCitation":"Zhang, K., Luo, Y., Xia, J., and Chen, C., 2011, Pseudospectral modeling and dispersion analysis of Rayleigh waves in viscoelastic media: Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, v. 31, no. 10, p. 1332-1337, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2011.05.004.","startPage":"1332","endPage":"1337","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213723,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2011.05.004"},{"id":241378,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8fc5e4b0c8380cd7f961","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, K.","contributorId":71724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luo, Y.","contributorId":28417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luo","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Xia, J.","contributorId":63513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chen, C.","contributorId":98490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032518,"text":"70032518 - 2011 - The flow dynamics of an extremely large volume pyroclastic flow, the 2.08-Ma Cerro Galán Ignimbrite, NW Argentina, and comparison with other flow types","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-12T11:35:19","indexId":"70032518","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The flow dynamics of an extremely large volume pyroclastic flow, the 2.08-Ma Cerro Galán Ignimbrite, NW Argentina, and comparison with other flow types","docAbstract":"<p><span>The 2.08-Ma Cerro Gal&aacute;n Ignimbrite (CGI) represents a &gt;630-km</span><span class=\"a-plus-plus\">3</span><span>&nbsp;dense rock equivalent (VEI 8) eruption from the long-lived Cerro Gal&aacute;n magma system (&sim;6&nbsp;Ma). It is a crystal-rich (35&ndash;60%), pumice (&lt;10% generally) and lithic-poor (&lt;5% generally) rhyodacitic ignimbrite, lacking a preceding plinian fallout deposit. The CGI is preserved up to 80&nbsp;km from the structural margins of the caldera, but almost certainly was deposited up to 100&nbsp;km from the caldera in some places. Only one emplacement unit is preserved in proximal to medial settings and in most distal settings, suggesting constant flow conditions, but where the pyroclastic flow moved into a palaeotopography of substantial valleys and ridges, it interacted with valley walls, resulting in flow instabilities that generated multiple depositional units, often separated by pyroclastic surge deposits. The CGI preserves a widespread sub-horizontal fabric, defined by aligned elongate pumice and lithic clasts, and minerals (e.g. biotite). A sub-horizontal anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility fabric is defined by minute magnetic minerals in all localities where it has been analysed. The CGI is poor in both vent-derived (&lsquo;accessory&rsquo;) lithics and locally derived lithics from the ground surface (&lsquo;accidental&rsquo;) lithics. Locally derived lithics are small (&lt;20&nbsp;cm) and were not transported far from source points. All data suggest that the pyroclastic flow system producing the CGI was characterised throughout by high sedimentation rates, resulting from high particle concentration and suppressed turbulence at the depositional boundary layer, despite being a low aspect ratio ignimbrite. Based on these features, we question whether high velocity and momentum are necessary to account for extensive flow mobility. It is proposed that the CGI was deposited by a pyroclastic flow system that developed a substantial, high particle concentration granular under-flow, which flowed with suppressed turbulence. High particle concentration and fine-ash content hindered gas loss and maintained flow mobility. In order to explain the contemporaneous maintenance of high particle concentration, high sedimentation rate at the depositional boundary layer and a high level of mobility, it is also proposed that the flow(s) was continuously supplied at a high mass feeding rate. It is also proposed that internal gas pressure within the flow, directed downwards onto the substrate over which the flow was passing, reduced the friction between the flow and the substrate and also enhanced its mobility. The pervasive sub-horizontal fabric of aligned pumice, lithic and even biotite crystals indicates a consistent horizontal shear force existed during transport and deposition in the basal granular flow, consistent with the existence of a laminar, shearing, granular flow regime during the final stages of transport and deposition.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Volcanology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00445-011-0564-y","issn":"02588900","usgsCitation":"Cas, R.A., Wright, H.M., Folkes, C.B., Lesti, C., Porreca, M., Giordano, G., and Viramonte, J.G., 2011, The flow dynamics of an extremely large volume pyroclastic flow, the 2.08-Ma Cerro Galán Ignimbrite, NW Argentina, and comparison with other flow types: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 73, no. 10, p. 1583-1609, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-011-0564-y.","startPage":"1583","endPage":"1609","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487070,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11336/14555","text":"External Repository"},{"id":241445,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213787,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00445-011-0564-y"}],"country":"Argentina","otherGeospatial":"Cerro Galan Caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -66.884765625,\n              -27.527758206861897\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.884765625,\n              -25.005972656239177\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.0283203125,\n              -25.005972656239177\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.0283203125,\n              -27.527758206861897\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.884765625,\n              -27.527758206861897\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"73","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bac19e4b08c986b323286","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cas, Ray A.F.","contributorId":44361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cas","given":"Ray","email":"","middleInitial":"A.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, Heather M. 0000-0001-9013-507X hwright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9013-507X","contributorId":3949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Heather","email":"hwright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":436611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Folkes, Christopher B.","contributorId":62032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Folkes","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lesti, Chiara","contributorId":24577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lesti","given":"Chiara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Porreca, Massimiliano","contributorId":17840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porreca","given":"Massimiliano","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Giordano, Guido","contributorId":100202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giordano","given":"Guido","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Viramonte, Jose G.","contributorId":72211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Viramonte","given":"Jose","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70032546,"text":"70032546 - 2011 - Nest success of snowy plovers (Charadrius nivosus) in the Southern high plains of Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:21","indexId":"70032546","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nest success of snowy plovers (Charadrius nivosus) in the Southern high plains of Texas","docAbstract":"Snowy Plovers (Charadrius nivosus) nesting on edges of saline lakes within the Southern High Plains (SHP) of Texas are threatened by habitat degradation due to reduced artesian spring flow, making many saline lakes unsuitable for nesting and migrating shorebirds. Factors influencing nest success were evaluated, current nest success estimates in the SHP of Texas were compared to estimates obtained ten years prior, and causes and timing of nest failures determined. Overall, 215 nests were monitored from three saline lakes in 20082009, with nest success estimates from Program MARK ranging from 7-33% ( x??= 22%). The leading causes of nest failures were attributed to predation (40%) and weather (36%). Nest success was negatively influenced by number of plants within 707-cm  2 plot, positively influenced by percent surface water availability, and at one saline lake, negatively influenced by day during the nesting season (i.e., nest success declined later in the nesting season). When compared to estimates ten years prior (19981999), mean nest success has declined by 31%. If nesting Snowy Plovers continue to experience increased predation rates, decreased hydrological integrity, and habitat alterations, populations will continue to decline throughout this region.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1675/063.034.0401","issn":"15244695","usgsCitation":"Saalfeld, S., Conway, W.C., Haukos, D., and Johnson, W., 2011, Nest success of snowy plovers (Charadrius nivosus) in the Southern high plains of Texas: Waterbirds, v. 34, no. 4, p. 389-399, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.034.0401.","startPage":"389","endPage":"399","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213666,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1675/063.034.0401"},{"id":241315,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6489e4b0c8380cd729fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saalfeld, S.T.","contributorId":107108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saalfeld","given":"S.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conway, Warren C.","contributorId":51550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Warren","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haukos, D.A.","contributorId":17188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, W.P.","contributorId":43315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032576,"text":"70032576 - 2011 - A predator-prey model with a holling type I functional response including a predator mutual interference","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:22","indexId":"70032576","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2401,"text":"Journal of Nonlinear Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A predator-prey model with a holling type I functional response including a predator mutual interference","docAbstract":"The most widely used functional response in describing predator-prey relationships is the Holling type II functional response, where per capita predation is a smooth, increasing, and saturating function of prey density. Beddington and DeAngelis modified the Holling type II response to include interference of predators that increases with predator density. Here we introduce a predator-interference term into a Holling type I functional response. We explain the ecological rationale for the response and note that the phase plane configuration of the predator and prey isoclines differs greatly from that of the Beddington-DeAngelis response; for example, in having three possible interior equilibria rather than one. In fact, this new functional response seems to be quite unique. We used analytical and numerical methods to show that the resulting system shows a much richer dynamical behavior than the Beddington-DeAngelis response, or other typically used functional responses. For example, cyclic-fold, saddle-fold, homoclinic saddle connection, and multiple crossing bifurcations can all occur. We then use a smooth approximation to the Holling type I functional response with predator mutual interference to show that these dynamical properties do not result from the lack of smoothness, but rather from subtle differences in the functional responses. ?? 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Nonlinear Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00332-011-9101-6","issn":"09388974","usgsCitation":"Seo, G., and DeAngelis, D., 2011, A predator-prey model with a holling type I functional response including a predator mutual interference: Journal of Nonlinear Science, v. 21, no. 6, p. 811-833, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00332-011-9101-6.","startPage":"811","endPage":"833","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241253,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213608,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00332-011-9101-6"}],"volume":"21","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4eae4b0c8380cd46a0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seo, G.","contributorId":29225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seo","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeAngelis, D.L. 0000-0002-1570-4057","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":32470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"D.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032589,"text":"70032589 - 2011 - Quantifying the influence of sea ice on ocean microseism using observations from the Bering Sea, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:22","indexId":"70032589","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying the influence of sea ice on ocean microseism using observations from the Bering Sea, Alaska","docAbstract":"Microseism is potentially affected by all processes that alter ocean wave heights. Because strong sea ice prevents large ocean waves from forming, sea ice can therefore significantly affect microseism amplitudes. Here we show that this link between sea ice and microseism is not only a robust one but can be quantified. In particular, we show that 75-90% of the variability in microseism power in the Bering Sea can be predicted using a fairly crude model of microseism damping by sea ice. The success of this simple parameterization suggests that an even stronger link can be established between the mechanical strength of sea ice and microseism power, and that microseism can eventually be used to monitor the strength of sea ice, a quantity that is not as easily observed through other means. Copyright 2011 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2011GL049791","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Tsai, V., and McNamara, D., 2011, Quantifying the influence of sea ice on ocean microseism using observations from the Bering Sea, Alaska: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 38, no. 22, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL049791.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475076,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20120105-135036867","text":"External Repository"},{"id":213792,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GL049791"},{"id":241451,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91eae4b0c8380cd80535","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tsai, V.C.","contributorId":41661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tsai","given":"V.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McNamara, D.E. 0000-0001-6860-0350","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6860-0350","contributorId":52286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNamara","given":"D.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032668,"text":"70032668 - 2011 - Latitudinal variation in reproductive strategies by the migratory Louisiana Waterthrush","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:22","indexId":"70032668","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Latitudinal variation in reproductive strategies by the migratory Louisiana Waterthrush","docAbstract":"We evaluated hypotheses that seek to explain breeding strategies of the Louisiana Waterthrush (Parkesia motacilla) that vary across a latitudinal gradient. On the basis of data from 418 nests of color-banded individuals in southwestern Pennsylvania and 700 km south in the Georgia Piedmont, we found that clutch size in replacement nests and probability of renesting were significantly greater in Pennsylvania (clutch size 4.4; renesting probability 0.66) than in Georgia (clutch size 3.8; renesting probability 0.54). Contrasts of the remaining measures of breeding were not statistically significant, and, in particular, mean daily nest survival in the two study areas was nearly identical (0.974 in Pennsylvania; 0.975 in Georgia). An individual-based model of fecundity (i.e., number of fledged young per adult female), predicted that approximately half of the females in both Pennsylvania and Georgia fledge at least one young, and mean values for fecundity in Pennsylvania and Georgia were 2.28 and 1.91, respectively. On the basis of greater support for the food-limitation hypothesis than for the season-length hypothesis, the trade-off between breeding in a region with more food but making a longer migration may be greater for waterthrushes breeding farther north than for those breeding farther south. ?? The Cooper Ornithological Society 2011.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Condor","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1525/cond.2011.090212","issn":"00105422","usgsCitation":"Mattsson, B., Latta, S., Cooper, R., and Mulvihill, R., 2011, Latitudinal variation in reproductive strategies by the migratory Louisiana Waterthrush: Condor, v. 113, no. 2, p. 412-418, https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2011.090212.","startPage":"412","endPage":"418","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213981,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cond.2011.090212"},{"id":241659,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4587e4b0c8380cd673cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mattsson, B.J.","contributorId":82029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattsson","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Latta, S.C.","contributorId":52800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Latta","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cooper, R.J.","contributorId":89077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mulvihill, R.S.","contributorId":103098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulvihill","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036106,"text":"70036106 - 2011 - Mechanism of the 1996-97 non-eruptive volcano-tectonic earthquake swarm at Iliamna Volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-02T19:44:34.24175","indexId":"70036106","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mechanism of the 1996-97 non-eruptive volcano-tectonic earthquake swarm at Iliamna Volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>A significant number of volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquake swarms, some of which are accompanied by ground deformation and/or volcanic gas emissions, do not culminate in an eruption. These swarms are often thought to represent stalled intrusions of magma into the mid- or shallow-level crust. Real-time assessment of the likelihood that a VT swarm will culminate in an eruption is one of the key challenges of volcano monitoring, and retrospective analysis of non-eruptive swarms provides an important framework for future assessments. Here we explore models for a non-eruptive VT earthquake swarm located beneath Iliamna Volcano, Alaska, in May 1996–June 1997 through calculation and inversion of fault-plane solutions for swarm and background periods, and through Coulomb stress modeling of faulting types and hypocenter locations observed during the swarm. Through a comparison of models of deep and shallow intrusions to swarm observations, we aim to test the hypothesis that the 1996–97 swarm represented a shallow intrusion, or “failed” eruption. Observations of the 1996–97 swarm are found to be consistent with several scenarios including both shallow and deep intrusion, most likely involving a relatively small volume of intruded magma and/or a low degree of magma pressurization corresponding to a relatively low likelihood of eruption.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s00445-010-0439-7","issn":"02588900","usgsCitation":"Roman, D., and Power, J.A., 2011, Mechanism of the 1996-97 non-eruptive volcano-tectonic earthquake swarm at Iliamna Volcano, Alaska: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 73, no. 2, p. 143-153, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-010-0439-7.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"153","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246329,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218330,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00445-010-0439-7"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Iliamna Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -154.68749999999997,\n              58.802361927759456\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.67822265625,\n              58.802361927759456\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.67822265625,\n              62.32920841458002\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.68749999999997,\n              62.32920841458002\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.68749999999997,\n              58.802361927759456\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"73","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-02-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5367e4b0c8380cd6ca6a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roman, Diana","contributorId":237832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roman","given":"Diana","affiliations":[{"id":47620,"text":"Dept. of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington DC 20015","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":454217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Power, John A. 0000-0002-7233-4398 jpower@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7233-4398","contributorId":2768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Power","given":"John","email":"jpower@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":454216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034109,"text":"70034109 - 2011 - Spring-fall asymmetry of substorm strength, geomagnetic activity and solar wind: Implications for semiannual variation and solar hemispheric asymmetry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-07T20:07:04.294983","indexId":"70034109","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spring-fall asymmetry of substorm strength, geomagnetic activity and solar wind: Implications for semiannual variation and solar hemispheric asymmetry","docAbstract":"<p>We study the seasonal variation of substorms, geomagnetic activity and their solar wind drivers in 1993–2008. The number of substorms and substorm mean duration depict an annual variation with maxima in Winter and Summer, respectively, reflecting the annual change of the local ionosphere. In contradiction, substorm mean amplitude, substorm total efficiency and global geomagnetic activity show a dominant annual variation, with equinoctial maxima alternating between Spring in solar cycle 22 and Fall in cycle 23. The largest annual variations were found in 1994 and 2003, in the declining phase of the two cycles when high‐speed streams dominate the solar wind. A similar, large annual variation is found in the solar wind driver of substorms and geomagnetic activity, which implies that the annual variation of substorm strength, substorm efficiency and geomagnetic activity is not due to ionospheric conditions but to a hemispherically asymmetric distribution of solar wind which varies from one cycle to another. Our results imply that the overall semiannual variation in global geomagnetic activity has been seriously overestimated, and is largely an artifact of the dominant annual variation with maxima alternating between Spring and Fall. The results also suggest an intimate connection between the asymmetry of solar magnetic fields and some of the largest geomagnetic disturbances, offering interesting new pathways for forecasting disturbances with a longer lead time to the future.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2011GL046751","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Mursula, K., Tanskanen, E., and Love, J., 2011, Spring-fall asymmetry of substorm strength, geomagnetic activity and solar wind: Implications for semiannual variation and solar hemispheric asymmetry: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 38, no. 6, L06104, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL046751.","productDescription":"L06104, 5 p.","costCenters":[{"id":313,"text":"Geomagnetism Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244389,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216512,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GL046751"}],"volume":"38","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9627e4b08c986b31b321","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mursula, K.","contributorId":12293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mursula","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":806307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tanskanen, E.","contributorId":7829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanskanen","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":806308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Love, J.J.","contributorId":66626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":806309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034111,"text":"70034111 - 2011 - Lagrangian mass-flow investigations of inorganic contaminants in wastewater-impacted streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-14T10:10:14","indexId":"70034111","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lagrangian mass-flow investigations of inorganic contaminants in wastewater-impacted streams","docAbstract":"<p>Understanding the potential effects of increased reliance on wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents to meet municipal, agricultural, and environmental flow requires an understanding of the complex chemical loading characteristics of the WWTPs and the assimilative capacity of receiving waters. Stream ecosystem effects are linked to proportions of WWTP effluent under low-flow conditions as well as the nature of the effluent chemical mixtures. This study quantifies the loading of 58 inorganic constituents (nutrients to rare earth elements) from WWTP discharges relative to upstream landscape-based sources. Stream assimilation capacity was evaluated by Lagrangian sampling, using flow velocities determined from tracer experiments to track the same parcel of water as it moved downstream. Boulder Creek, Colorado and Fourmile Creek, Iowa, representing two different geologic and hydrologic landscapes, were sampled under low-flow conditions in the summer and spring. One-half of the constituents had greater loads from the WWTP effluents than the upstream drainages, and once introduced into the streams, dilution was the predominant assimilation mechanism. Only ammonium and bismuth had significant decreases in mass load downstream from the WWTPs during all samplings. The link between hydrology and water chemistry inherent in Lagrangian sampling allows quantitative assessment of chemical fate across different landscapes.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es104138y","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Barber, L.B., Antweiler, R.C., Flynn, J., Keefe, S., Kolpin, D., Roth, D., Schnoebelen, D., Taylor, H.E., and Verplanck, P., 2011, Lagrangian mass-flow investigations of inorganic contaminants in wastewater-impacted streams: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 45, no. 7, p. 2575-2583, https://doi.org/10.1021/es104138y.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2575","endPage":"2583","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-014941","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244421,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4134e4b0c8380cd653a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barber, L. B.","contributorId":64602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Antweiler, Ronald C. 0000-0001-5652-6034 antweil@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5652-6034","contributorId":1481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antweiler","given":"Ronald","email":"antweil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":444146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flynn, J.L.","contributorId":39889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flynn","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keefe, S.H.","contributorId":18965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keefe","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kolpin, D.W.","contributorId":87565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Roth, D.A.","contributorId":100864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roth","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schnoebelen, D.J.","contributorId":98352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schnoebelen","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Taylor, Howard E. hetaylor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Howard","email":"hetaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":444144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Verplanck, P. L. 0000-0002-3653-6419","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-6419","contributorId":106565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verplanck","given":"P. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70034121,"text":"70034121 - 2011 - Estimating equivalence with quantile regression","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:45","indexId":"70034121","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating equivalence with quantile regression","docAbstract":"Equivalence testing and corresponding confidence interval estimates are used to provide more enlightened statistical statements about parameter estimates by relating them to intervals of effect sizes deemed to be of scientific or practical importance rather than just to an effect size of zero. Equivalence tests and confidence interval estimates are based on a null hypothesis that a parameter estimate is either outside (inequivalence hypothesis) or inside (equivalence hypothesis) an equivalence region, depending on the question of interest and assignment of risk. The former approach, often referred to as bioequivalence testing, is often used in regulatory settings because it reverses the burden of proof compared to a standard test of significance, following a precautionary principle for environmental protection. Unfortunately, many applications of equivalence testing focus on establishing average equivalence by estimating differences in means of distributions that do not have homogeneous variances. I discuss how to compare equivalence across quantiles of distributions using confidence intervals on quantile regression estimates that detect differences in heterogeneous distributions missed by focusing on means. I used one-tailed confidence intervals based on inequivalence hypotheses in a two-group treatment-control design for estimating bioequivalence of arsenic concentrations in soils at an old ammunition testing site and bioequivalence of vegetation biomass at a reclaimed mining site. Two-tailed confidence intervals based both on inequivalence and equivalence hypotheses were used to examine quantile equivalence for negligible trends over time for a continuous exponential model of amphibian abundance. ?? 2011 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/09-2060.1","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Cade, B., 2011, Estimating equivalence with quantile regression: Ecological Applications, v. 21, no. 1, p. 281-289, https://doi.org/10.1890/09-2060.1.","startPage":"281","endPage":"289","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244608,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216722,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/09-2060.1"}],"volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b19e4b0c8380cd52582","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cade, B.S.","contributorId":47315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cade","given":"B.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70034138,"text":"70034138 - 2011 - Mapping irrigated areas of Ghana using fusion of 30 m and 250 m resolution remote-sensing data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:50","indexId":"70034138","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping irrigated areas of Ghana using fusion of 30 m and 250 m resolution remote-sensing data","docAbstract":"Maps of irrigated areas are essential for Ghana's agricultural development. The goal of this research was to map irrigated agricultural areas and explain methods and protocols using remote sensing. Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) data and time-series Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data were used to map irrigated agricultural areas as well as other land use/land cover (LULC) classes, for Ghana. Temporal variations in the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) pattern obtained in the LULC class were used to identify irrigated and non-irrigated areas. First, the temporal variations in NDVI pattern were found to be more consistent in long-duration irrigated crops than with short-duration rainfed crops due to more assured water supply for irrigated areas. Second, surface water availability for irrigated areas is dependent on shallow dug-wells (on river banks) and dug-outs (in river bottoms) that affect the timing of crop sowing and growth stages, which was in turn reflected in the seasonal NDVI pattern. A decision tree approach using Landsat 30 m one time data fusion with MODIS 250 m time-series data was adopted to classify, group, and label classes. Finally, classes were tested and verified using ground truth data and national statistics. Fuzzy classification accuracy assessment for the irrigated classes varied between 67 and 93%. An irrigated area derived from remote sensing (32,421 ha) was 20-57% higher than irrigated areas reported by Ghana's Irrigation Development Authority (GIDA). This was because of the uncertainties involved in factors such as: (a) absence of shallow irrigated area statistics in GIDA statistics, (b) non-clarity in the irrigated areas in its use, under-development, and potential for development in GIDA statistics, (c) errors of omissions and commissions in the remote sensing approach, and (d) comparison involving widely varying data types, methods, and approaches used in determining irrigated area statistics using GIDA and remote sensing. Extensive field campaigns to help in better classification and validation of irrigated areas using high (30 m ) to very high (<5 m) resolution remote sensing data that are fused with multi temporal data like MODIS are the way forward. This is especially true in accounting for small yet contiguous patches of irrigated areas from dug-wells and dug-outs. ?? 2011 by the authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3390/rs3040816","issn":"20724292","usgsCitation":"Gumma, M., Thenkabail, P., Hideto, F., Nelson, A., Dheeravath, V., Busia, D., and Rala, A., 2011, Mapping irrigated areas of Ghana using fusion of 30 m and 250 m resolution remote-sensing data: Remote Sensing, v. 3, no. 4, p. 816-835, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs3040816.","startPage":"816","endPage":"835","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475249,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs3040816","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216515,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs3040816"},{"id":244392,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a505de4b0c8380cd6b64a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gumma, M.K.","contributorId":12286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gumma","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thenkabail, P.S.","contributorId":66071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thenkabail","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hideto, F.","contributorId":37567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hideto","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nelson, A.","contributorId":50343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dheeravath, V.","contributorId":55234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dheeravath","given":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Busia, D.","contributorId":60471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busia","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rala, A.","contributorId":58119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rala","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70034153,"text":"70034153 - 2011 - Genetic consequences of trumpeter swan (Cygnus buccinator) reintroductions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:45","indexId":"70034153","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic consequences of trumpeter swan (Cygnus buccinator) reintroductions","docAbstract":"Relocation programs are often initiated to restore threatened species to previously occupied portions of their range. A primary challenge of restoration efforts is to translocate individuals in a way that prevents loss of genetic diversity and decreases differentiation relative to source populations-a challenge that becomes increasingly difficult when remnant populations of the species are already genetically depauperate. Trumpeter swans were previously extirpated in the entire eastern half of their range. Physical translocations of birds over the last 70 years have restored the species to portions of its historical range. Despite the long history of management, there has been little monitoring of the genetic outcomes of these restoration attempts. We assessed the consequences of this reintroduction program by comparing patterns of genetic variation at 17 microsatellite loci across four restoration flocks (three wild-released, one captive) and their source populations. We found that a wild-released population established from a single source displayed a trend toward reduced genetic diversity relative to and significant genetic differentiation from its source population, though small founder population effects may also explain this pattern. Wild-released flocks restored from multiple populations maintained source levels of genetic variation and lacked significant differentiation from at least one of their sources. Further, the flock originating from a single source revealed significantly lower levels of genetic variation than those established from multiple sources. The distribution of genetic variation in the captive flock was similar to its source. While the case of trumpeter swans provides evidence that restorations from multiple versus single source populations may better preserve natural levels of genetic diversity, more studies are needed to understand the general applicability of this management strategy. ?? 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. (outside the USA).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Genetics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10592-010-0137-1","issn":"15660621","usgsCitation":"Ransler, F., Quinn, T., and Oyler-McCance, S., 2011, Genetic consequences of trumpeter swan (Cygnus buccinator) reintroductions: Conservation Genetics, v. 12, no. 1, p. 257-268, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-010-0137-1.","startPage":"257","endPage":"268","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216725,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-010-0137-1"},{"id":244611,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-10-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a156ce4b0c8380cd54de8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ransler, F.A.","contributorId":92034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ransler","given":"F.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quinn, T.W.","contributorId":37285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quinn","given":"T.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oyler-McCance, S.J.","contributorId":75877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oyler-McCance","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034165,"text":"70034165 - 2011 - Economic impacts of the ShakeOut scenario","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-07T22:19:37","indexId":"70034165","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Economic impacts of the ShakeOut scenario","docAbstract":"For the ShakeOut Earthquake Scenario, we estimate $68 billion in direct and indirect business interruption (BI) and $11 billion in related costs in addition to the $113 billion in property damage in an eight-county Southern California region. The modeled conduits of shock to the economy are property damage and lifeline service outages that affect the economy’s ability to produce. Property damage from fire is 50% greater than property damage from shaking because fire is more devastating. BI from water service disruption and fire each represent around one-third of total BI losses because of the long duration of service outage or long restoration and reconstruction periods. Total BI losses are 4.3% of annual gross output in the affected region, an impact far larger than most conventional economic recessions. These losses are still much lower than they potentially could be due to the resilience of the economy.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earthquake Spectra","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"EERI","doi":"10.1193/1.3587204","issn":"87552930","usgsCitation":"Rose, A., Wei, D., and Wein, A., 2011, Economic impacts of the ShakeOut scenario: Earthquake Spectra, v. 27, no. 2, p. 539-557, https://doi.org/10.1193/1.3587204.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"539","endPage":"557","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":216875,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.3587204"},{"id":244773,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a058be4b0c8380cd50e34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rose, A.","contributorId":6689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wei, D.","contributorId":99801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wei","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wein, A.","contributorId":53177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wein","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034197,"text":"70034197 - 2011 - Rethinking hyporheic flow and transient storage to advance understanding of stream-catchment connections","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-14T09:19:52","indexId":"70034197","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rethinking hyporheic flow and transient storage to advance understanding of stream-catchment connections","docAbstract":"<p>Although surface water and groundwater are increasingly referred to as one resource, there remain environmental and ecosystem needs to study the 10 m to 1 km reach scale as one hydrologic system. Streams gain and lose water over a range of spatial and temporal scales. Large spatial scales (kilometers) have traditionally been recognized and studied as river-aquifer connections. Over the last 25 years hyporheic exchange flows (1-10 m) have been studied extensively. Often a transient storage model has been used to quantify the physical solute transport setting in which biogeochemical processes occur. At the longer 10 m to 1 km scale of stream reaches it is now clear that streams which gain water overall can coincidentally lose water to the subsurface. At this scale, the amounts of water transferred are not necessarily significant but the exchanges can, however, influence solute transport. The interpretation of seemingly straightforward questions about water, contaminant, and nutrient fluxes into and along a stream can be confounded by flow losses which are too small to be apparent in stream gauging and along flow paths too long to be detected in tracer experiments. We suggest basic hydrologic approaches, e.g., measurement of flow along the channel, surface and subsurface solute sampling, and routine measurements of the water table that, in our opinion, can be used to extend simple exchange concepts from the hyporheic exchange scale to a scale of stream-catchment connection.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2010WR010066","issn":"00431397","usgsCitation":"Bencala, K.E., Gooseff, M., and Kimball, B.A., 2011, Rethinking hyporheic flow and transient storage to advance understanding of stream-catchment connections: Water Resources Research, v. 47, no. 3, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2010WR010066.","productDescription":"9 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244742,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aac19e4b0c8380cd86b56","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bencala, Kenneth E. kbencala@usgs.gov","contributorId":1541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbencala@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":779378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gooseff, M.N.","contributorId":21668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gooseff","given":"M.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kimball, Briant A. bkimball@usgs.gov","contributorId":533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"Briant","email":"bkimball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034212,"text":"70034212 - 2011 - Comparison of phenolic compounds and the effects of invasive and native species in East Asia: Support for the novel weapons hypothesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:46","indexId":"70034212","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1461,"text":"Ecological Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of phenolic compounds and the effects of invasive and native species in East Asia: Support for the novel weapons hypothesis","docAbstract":"One prediction of the novel weapons hypothesis (NWH) for the dominance of exotic invasive plant species is that the allelopathic effects of successful invaders will, in general, be more biochemically inhibitory to native species and microbes in invaded regions than the native plants themselves. However, no study has compared biochemical concentrations, compositions, or effects of large numbers of native species to those of large numbers of invasive species. In this context we tested the allelopathic and antimicrobial potentials of nine native plant species and nine invasive species in East Asia by comparing their broad phenolic contents and the effects of extracts made from each of the species on target plants and soil fungi. Three of the invasive species, including Eupatorium rugosum, had higher concentrations of total phenolic compounds than any of the native species, and the mean concentration of total phenolics for invasive species was 2.6 times greater than the mean for native species. Only scopoletin was novel to the invasive species, being found in all of nine invasive species, but not in the native species. More importantly, the effects of the total suites of phenolic compounds produced by invasive species differed from the effects of phenolics produced by natives. Extracts of invasive species reduced radicle growth of the three test plant species by 60-80%, but extracts of native species reduced radicle growth by only 30-50%. Extracts of invasive species reduced shoot growth of the three test species by 20-40%, but the overall effect of native species' extract was to stimulate shoot growth. The antimicrobial activity of invasive species was also significantly higher than that of native species. It should be noted that phenolics are just one component of a plant's potential allelopathic arsenal and non-phenolic compounds are likely to play a role in the total extract effect. For example, extracts of P. americana contained the lowest levels of phenolic compounds, but exhibited the strongest inhibition effect. We could not determine whether the greater inhibitory effects of the extracts from invasive species were due to novel combinations of chemicals or higher concentrations of chemicals, but our results are consistent with the predictions of the NWH. ?? 2010 The Ecological Society of Japan.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11284-010-0762-7","issn":"09123814","usgsCitation":"Kim, Y., and Lee, E., 2011, Comparison of phenolic compounds and the effects of invasive and native species in East Asia: Support for the novel weapons hypothesis: Ecological Research, v. 26, no. 1, p. 87-94, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11284-010-0762-7.","startPage":"87","endPage":"94","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244458,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216580,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11284-010-0762-7"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-10-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f881e4b0c8380cd4d14c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kim, Y.-O.","contributorId":47593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"Y.-O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, E.J.","contributorId":56460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034214,"text":"70034214 - 2011 - Trench infiltration for managed aquifer recharge to permeable bedrock","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:46","indexId":"70034214","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trench infiltration for managed aquifer recharge to permeable bedrock","docAbstract":"Managed aquifer recharge to permeable bedrock is increasingly being utilized to enhance resources and maintain sustainable groundwater development practices. One such target is the Navajo Sandstone, an extensive regional aquifer located throughout the Colorado Plateau of the western United States. Spreading-basin and bank-filtration projects along the sandstone outcrop's western edge in southwestern Utah have recently been implemented to meet growth-related water demands. This paper reports on a new cost-effective surface-infiltration technique utilizing trenches for enhancing managed aquifer recharge to permeable bedrock. A 48-day infiltration trench experiment on outcropping Navajo Sandstone was conducted to evaluate this alternative surface-spreading artificial recharge method. Final infiltration rates through the bottom of the trench were about 0.5 m/day. These infiltration rates were an order of magnitude higher than rates from a previous surface-spreading experiment at the same site. The higher rates were likely caused by a combination of factors including the removal of lower permeability soil and surficial caliche deposits, access to open vertical sandstone fractures, a reduction in physical clogging associated with silt and biofilm layers, minimizing viscosity effects by maintaining isothermal conditions, minimizing chemical clogging caused by carbonate mineral precipitation associated with algal photosynthesis, and diminished gas clogging associated with trapped air and biogenic gases. This pilot study illustrates the viability of trench infiltration for enhancing surface spreading of managed aquifer recharge to permeable bedrock. ?? 2010.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/hyp.7833","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Heilweil, V., and Watt, D., 2011, Trench infiltration for managed aquifer recharge to permeable bedrock: Hydrological Processes, v. 25, no. 1, p. 141-151, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7833.","startPage":"141","endPage":"151","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216608,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7833"},{"id":244489,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb7c0e4b08c986b327468","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heilweil, V.M.","contributorId":25197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heilweil","given":"V.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Watt, D.E.","contributorId":15407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watt","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}