Broods of geese spend time feeding according to availability and quality of food plants, subject to inherent foraging and digestive constraints. We studied behavioral patterns of broods of Emperor Geese (Chen canagica) on the Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, and examined how feeding and alert behavior varied in relation to habitat and goose density. During 1994–1996, time spent feeding by Emperor Goose goslings and adult females was positively related to multispecies goose densities near observation blinds, and not to just Emperor Goose density. Similarly, body mass of Emperor Goose goslings was more strongly related (negatively) to multispecies goose densities than intraspecific densities. A grazing experiment in 1995 indicated that most above ground primary production by Carex subspathacea, a preferred food plant, was consumed by grazing geese. Those results demonstrate that interspecific competition for food occurred, with greatest support for goslings whose behavioral repertoire is limited primarily to feeding, digesting, and resting. Although the more abundant Cackling Canada Geese (Branta canadensis minima) differed from Emperor Geese in their preferred use of habitats during brooding rearing (Schmutz 2001), the two species occurred in equal abundance in habitats preferred by Emperor Goose broods. Thus, Cackling Canada Geese were a numerically significant competitor with Emperor Geese. Comparing these results to an earlier study, time spent feeding by goslings, adult females, and adult males were greater during 1993–1996 than during 1985–1986. During the interval between those studies, densities of Cackling Canada Geese increased two to three times whereas Emperor Goose numbers remained approximately stable, which implies that interspecific competition affected foraging behavior over a long time period. These density-dependent changes in foraging behavior and body mass indicate that interspecific competition affects nutrient acquisition and gosling growth, which has a demonstrated effect (Schmutz 1993) on juvenile survival of Emperor Geese. Management of Emperor Geese should consider interspecific relations and densities of all goose species occurring on the Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/0004-8038(2002)119[0996:VIFBAB]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00048038","usgsCitation":"Schmutz, J.A., and Laing, K., 2002, Variation in foraging behavior and body mass in broods of Emperor Geese (Chen canagica): Evidence for interspecific density dependence: The Auk, v. 119, no. 4, p. 996-1009, https://doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2002)119[0996:VIFBAB]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"996","endPage":"1009","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231797,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"119","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc158e4b08c986b32a523","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":400007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Laing, K.K.","contributorId":34685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laing","given":"K.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70024098,"text":"70024098 - 2002 - Magma storage prior to the 1912 eruption at Novarupta, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-23T17:22:04.434667","indexId":"70024098","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magma storage prior to the 1912 eruption at Novarupta, Alaska","docAbstract":"New analytical and experimental data constrain the storage and equilibration conditions of the magmas erupted in 1912 from Novarupta in the 20th century's largest volcanic event. Phase relations at H2O+CO2 fluid saturation were determined for an andesite (58.7 wt% SiO2) and a dacite (67.7 wt%) from the compositional extremes of intermediate magmas erupted. The phase assemblages, matrix melt composition and modes of natural andesite were reproduced experimentally under H2O-saturated conditions (i.e., PH2O=PTOT) in a negatively sloping region in T-P space from 930 °C/100 MPa to 960 °C/75 MPa with fO2~N NO + 1. The H2O-saturated equilibration conditions of the dacite are constrained to a T-P region from 850 °C/ 50 MPa to 880 °C/25 MPa. If H2O-saturated, these magmas equilibrated at (and above) the level where coerupted rhyolite equilibrated (~100 MPa), suggesting that the andesite-dacite magma reservoir was displaced laterally rather than vertically from the rhyolite magma body. Natural mineral and melt compositions of intermediate magmas were also reproduced experimentally under saturation conditions with a mixed (H2O + CO2) fluid for the same range in PH2O. Thus, a storage model in which vertically stratified mafic to silicic intermediate magmas underlay H2O-saturated rhyolite is consistent with experimental findings only if the intermediates have XH2Ofl=0.7 and 0.9 for the extreme compositions, respectively. Disequilibrium features in natural pumice and scoria include pristine minerals existing outside their stability fields, and compositional zoning of titanomagnetite in contact with ilmenite. Variable rates of chemical equilibration which would eliminate these features constrain the apparent thermal excursion and re-distribution of minerals to the time scale of days.
","language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00410-002-0393-2","usgsCitation":"Hammer, J., Rutherford, M., and Hildreth, W., 2002, Magma storage prior to the 1912 eruption at Novarupta, Alaska: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 144, no. 2, p. 144-162, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-002-0393-2.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"144","endPage":"162","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231872,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Novarupta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.3466796875,\n 58.14896803443219\n ],\n [\n -154.95117187499997,\n 58.14896803443219\n ],\n [\n -154.95117187499997,\n 58.238717823301876\n ],\n [\n -155.3466796875,\n 58.238717823301876\n ],\n [\n -155.3466796875,\n 58.14896803443219\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"144","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4b3ce4b0c8380cd693ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hammer, J.E.","contributorId":8246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammer","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rutherford, M.J.","contributorId":103039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rutherford","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hildreth, W. 0000-0002-7925-4251","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-4251","contributorId":100487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildreth","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70024122,"text":"70024122 - 2002 - Holocene tephrochronology of the Cold Bay area, southwest Alaska Peninsula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-05T11:13:21","indexId":"70024122","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene tephrochronology of the Cold Bay area, southwest Alaska Peninsula","docAbstract":"The major-element glass geochemistry of 92 tephra samples from the southwest Alaska Peninsula provides the basis for establishing a Holocene tephrochronology for the region. Electron microprobe analysis has been combined with field descriptions of samples, stratigraphic relationships between tephra samples and sample localities, and glass shard micro-morphology to correlate these sampled distal tephra units throughout the area of Cold Bay and adjacent Morzhovoi Bay. Radiocarbon dating provides age constraints on correlated horizons. Previous research had clearly delineated only one horizon in the region, the so-called 'Funk/Fisher' ash, dating to between 8425 ± 350 and 9130 ± 140 14C yr BP. In addition to constraining the bimodal andesitic and dacitic glass chemistry of that horizon, this study has recognized six additional tephra layers in the area. Two horizons pre-date the Funk/Fisher ash and four are younger than it. A tephra containing dacitic and andesitic components was identified in the vicinity of Morzhovoi Bay, with a minimum age of 9300 ± 80 14C yr BP and a maximum age of 10,200 ± 75 14C yr BP. A rhyolitic horizon composed of cm-sized, rounded pumice clasts was identified in the vicinity of Cold Bay; it has been correlated to the ca 9500 BP eruption of Roundtop volcano on Unimak Island. The four younger tephra beds date to between 6070 ± 340 and 3600 ± 140 14C yr BP. The oldest of the four is rhyodacitic, followed by a mixed rhyodacitic-andesitic horizon, another rhyodacitic horizon, and finally an andesitic layer. Comparison of all the correlated horizons to proximal samples collected on Unimak Island provides conclusive geochemical evidence that the ca 9100 BP Caldera-forming eruption of Fisher volcano is the source of the Funk/Fisher ash. Correlation between the rhyodacitic tephra horizons and proximal samples from Fisher volcano suggests that Fisher Caldera is the source of one of the rhyodacitic tephra horizons that post-dates the Funk/Fisher ash. Additional tephra samples from the southwest Alaska Peninsula and Unimak Island that were collected prior to this study correlate to the tephra horizons identified in the Cold Bay area and identify one additional horizon.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Science Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0277-3791(02)00023-9","issn":"02773791","usgsCitation":"Carson, E., Fournelle, J., Miller, T.P., and Mickelson, D., 2002, Holocene tephrochronology of the Cold Bay area, southwest Alaska Peninsula: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 21, no. 20-22, p. 2213-2228, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(02)00023-9.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"2213","endPage":"2228","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207055,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(02)00023-9"}],"volume":"21","issue":"20-22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a31f7e4b0c8380cd5e3d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carson, E.C.","contributorId":90073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carson","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fournelle, J.H.","contributorId":90074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fournelle","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, T. P.","contributorId":49345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mickelson, D.M.","contributorId":102147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mickelson","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70024123,"text":"70024123 - 2002 - Reduction of provisioning effort in response to experimental manipulation of chick nutritional status in the Horned Puffin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-23T16:22:29.320109","indexId":"70024123","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reduction of provisioning effort in response to experimental manipulation of chick nutritional status in the Horned Puffin","docAbstract":"Using a supplemental feeding experiment, we investigated the ability of adult Horned Puffins to decrease provisioning effort in response to reduced nutritional requirements of chicks. We found no difference between experimental and control groups in parental provisioning before supplementary feeding was initiated. After receiving supplemental food for seven days, experimental chicks grew faster, gained more mass and received 87% less food from their parents than did control chicks. These results demonstrate that Horned Puffin parents can decrease food provisioning in response to a decrease in their chick nutritional requirements.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/condor/104.4.842","usgsCitation":"Harding, A., van Pelt, T.I., Piatt, J.F., and Kitaysky, A., 2002, Reduction of provisioning effort in response to experimental manipulation of chick nutritional status in the Horned Puffin: Condor, v. 104, no. 4, p. 842-847, https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/104.4.842.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"842","endPage":"847","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478675,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/104.4.842","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":231639,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Duck Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.5568389892578,\n 60.14509399629047\n ],\n [\n -152.54310607910156,\n 60.14509399629047\n ],\n [\n -152.54310607910156,\n 60.15124610473283\n ],\n [\n -152.5568389892578,\n 60.15124610473283\n ],\n [\n -152.5568389892578,\n 60.14509399629047\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"104","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a3e3e4b0e8fec6cdba00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harding, A.M.A.","contributorId":29088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harding","given":"A.M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van Pelt, Thomas I.","contributorId":13392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Pelt","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":400098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":400100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kitaysky, A.S.","contributorId":104239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitaysky","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70024136,"text":"70024136 - 2002 - Anesthesia and liver biopsy techniques for pigeon guillemots (Cepphus columba) suspected of exposure to crude oil in marine environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-28T11:35:21","indexId":"70024136","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2191,"text":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anesthesia and liver biopsy techniques for pigeon guillemots (Cepphus columba) suspected of exposure to crude oil in marine environments","docAbstract":"This paper reports on the anesthesia and liver biopsy techniques used in adult and nestling pigeon guillemots (Cepphus columba) to test for continued exposure to residual crude oil in the marine environment. Populations of pigeon guillemots have declined significantly in Prince William Sound, Alaska, USA, possibly because of residual effects of crude oil in the environment after the Exxon Valdez oil spill in March 1989. Measurement of hepatic cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) is currently the best way to assess crude oil exposure from food sources; however, lethal sampling to obtain adequate liver tissue was not desirable in this declining population of birds. As part of a larger study to identify factors limiting the recovery of pigeon guillemots and other seabird populations, we surgically collected liver samples from adult and nestling guillemots to provide samples for measurement of hepatic CYP1A concentrations. Results from the larger study were reported elsewhere. Liver samples were taken from 26 nestling (1998) and 24 adult (1999) guillemots from a previously oiled site (Naked Island; 12 chicks, 13 adults) and from a nonoiled site (Jackpot Island/Icy Bay; 14 chicks, 11 adults). The birds were anesthetized with isoflurane. No surgical complications occurred with any of the birds and all adult and nestling birds survived after surgery to the point of release or return to the nest. Thirteen out of 14 chicks from the Jackpot Island/Icy Bay and 8 out of 12 chicks from Naked Island fledged. Four chicks at Naked Island were depredated before fledging. All adults abandoned their nests after surgery, so the study sites were revisited the following summer (2000) in an attempt to assess overwinter survival of the adults. All but 1 adult biopsied bird at the nonoiled site (Icy Bay) was found renesting, whereas only 2 birds at the previously oiled site (Naked Island) were similarly observed. The percent of 1999 breeders at Naked Island that returned to their nest sites to breed again in 2000 was low at nests of biopsied birds and nonbiopsied birds alike, suggesting that factors other than the surgical procedure were responsible for the low return rate among this group. These survival results provide strong support for using experienced veterinarians for nonlethal invasive sample collection from birds to document exposure to crude oil in the marine environment.
","language":"English","publisher":"Association of Avian Veterinarians","doi":"10.1647/1082-6742(2002)016[0291:AALBTF]2.0.CO;2","issn":"10826742","usgsCitation":"Degernes, L.A., Harms, C.A., Golet, G.H., and Mulcahy, D.M., 2002, Anesthesia and liver biopsy techniques for pigeon guillemots (Cepphus columba) suspected of exposure to crude oil in marine environments: Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery, v. 16, no. 4, p. 291-299, https://doi.org/10.1647/1082-6742(2002)016[0291:AALBTF]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"291","endPage":"299","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231873,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Icy Bay, Jackpot Island, Naked Island, Prince William Sound","volume":"16","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ebfae4b0c8380cd48ff5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Degernes, Laurel A.","contributorId":21315,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Degernes","given":"Laurel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harms, Craig A.","contributorId":59759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harms","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Golet, Gregory H.","contributorId":89844,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Golet","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mulcahy, Daniel M. dmulcahy@usgs.gov","contributorId":3102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulcahy","given":"Daniel","email":"dmulcahy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":400147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70024137,"text":"70024137 - 2002 - Performance of a satellite-linked GPS on Pacific walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-15T16:49:23.459427","indexId":"70024137","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3093,"text":"Polar Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Performance of a satellite-linked GPS on Pacific walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens)","title":"Performance of a satellite-linked GPS on Pacific walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens)","docAbstract":"We evaluated the utility of a satellite-linked GPS in obtaining location data from Pacific walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens). A unit was attached to one of the tusks of each of three adult male walruses in Bristol Bay, Alaska. The units were designed to relay GPS positions through the Argos Data Collection and Location System. The GPS was only minimally effective in obtaining location data. An average of only 5% of the attempts yielded a position, and only a small number of these were locations at sea. The paucity of successful attempts was probably due to infrequent and brief surfacings of the GPS, the proximity of cliffs to predominant haul-out sites in the study region, and the packing of animals when they were hauled out in herds. Argos was effective in relaying GPS positions in this study, but as GPS technology advances, and its application to marine mammal studies becomes more prevalent, it seems that the greatest challenge to the study of many species will be in data retrieval.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s00300-001-0338-7","usgsCitation":"Jay, C.V., and Garner, G.W., 2002, Performance of a satellite-linked GPS on Pacific walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens): Polar Biology, v. 25, no. 3, p. 235-237, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-001-0338-7.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"235","endPage":"237","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231874,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7686e4b0c8380cd7816d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jay, Chadwick V. 0000-0002-9559-2189 cjay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-2189","contributorId":192736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jay","given":"Chadwick","email":"cjay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":400150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garner, Gerald W.","contributorId":149918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garner","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13117,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":400151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70024162,"text":"70024162 - 2002 - Nitrogen dynamics in an Alaskan salt marsh following spring use by geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-12T21:21:43","indexId":"70024162","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nitrogen dynamics in an Alaskan salt marsh following spring use by geese","docAbstract":"Lesser snow geese (Anser caerulescens caerulescens) and Canada geese (Branta canadensis) use several salt marshes in Cook Inlet, Alaska, as stopover areas for brief periods during spring migration. We investigated the effects of geese on nitrogen cycling processes in Susitna Flats, one of the marshes. We compared net nitrogen mineralization, organic nitrogen pools and production in buried bags, nitrogen fixation by cyanobacteria, and soil and litter characteristics on grazed plots versus paired plots that had been exclosed from grazing for 3 years. Grazed areas had higher rates of net nitrogen mineralization in the spring and there was no effect of grazing on organic nitrogen availability. The increased mineralization rates in grazed plots could not be accounted for by alteration of litter quality, litter quantity, microclimate, or root biomass, which were not different between grazed and exclosed plots. In addition, fecal input was very slight in the year that we studied nitrogen cycling. We propose that trampling had two effects that could account for greater nitrogen availability in grazed areas: litter incorporation into soil, resulting in increased rates of decomposition and mineralization of litter material, and greater rates of nitrogen fixation by cyanobacteria on bare, trampled soils. A path analysis indicated that litter incorporation by trampling played a primary role in the nitrogen dynamics of the system, with nitrogen fixation secondary, and that fecal input was of little importance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00442-001-0837-9","issn":"00298549","usgsCitation":"Zacheis, A.B., Ruess, R.W., and Hupp, J.W., 2002, Nitrogen dynamics in an Alaskan salt marsh following spring use by geese: Oecologia, v. 130, no. 4, p. 600-608, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-001-0837-9.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"600","endPage":"608","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231681,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Cook Inlet","volume":"130","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a66d0e4b0c8380cd72fe5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zacheis, Amy B.","contributorId":92460,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zacheis","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruess, Roger W.","contributorId":45483,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruess","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hupp, Jerry W. 0000-0002-6439-3910 jhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-3910","contributorId":127803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Jerry","email":"jhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":400227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70024181,"text":"70024181 - 2002 - Temporal variations of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in sea otter skull tissue in the North Pacific Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-04T16:57:57","indexId":"70024181","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2263,"text":"Journal of Environmental Radioactivity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal variations of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in sea otter skull tissue in the North Pacific Ocean","docAbstract":"Marine mammals being among the top predators in the food web tend to accumulate organic and inorganic contaminants from the environment. The body burden of contaminants in these species could reflect their foods and thus contaminant levels could serve as proxies on the changes of ecosystem. A pilot study was carried out to investigate the possibility of radionuclide leakage at Amchitka using a suite of sea otter (Enhydra lutris) skulls collected near Amchitka nuclear test-sites before (1950s) and after the testing (1990s), and at Adak, another Aleutian Island, about 300 km from Amchitka, where the potential impact of radionuclide leakage from Amchitka is expected to be negligible. In addition, the naturally occurring and anthropogenic radionuclide content on the sea otter skull was also utilized to investigate if there was any significant ecosystem changes in the environment.
Concentration of 210Pb in sea otter bones collected during the 1950s was significantly higher than those collected in the 1990s. We propose that among the various factors that could cause this higher enrichment in 210Pb, changes in the sea otter prey is the most likely one. Comparison of the 137Cs, 90Sr, 239,240Pu concentrations appear not to be significantly higher in sea otter skulls collected in 1990s from Amchitka where the underground tests in 1965–71 than those from Adak, although significant differences were detected among different groups collected at various times.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0265-931X(02)00036-X","usgsCitation":"Baskaran, M., Hong, G., Dayton, S., Bodkin, J.L., and Kelley, J., 2002, Temporal variations of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in sea otter skull tissue in the North Pacific Ocean: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, v. 64, no. 1, p. 1-18, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0265-931X(02)00036-X.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"18","costCenters":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231988,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba52fe4b08c986b320895","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baskaran, M.","contributorId":96627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baskaran","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hong, G.-H.","contributorId":46456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hong","given":"G.-H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dayton, S.","contributorId":57401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dayton","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":400292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kelley, J.J.","contributorId":98075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70181846,"text":"70181846 - 2002 - Does food availability affect energy expenditure rates of nesting seabirds? A supplemental-feeding experiment with Black-Legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-14T15:43:56","indexId":"70181846","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does food availability affect energy expenditure rates of nesting seabirds? A supplemental-feeding experiment with Black-Legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla)","docAbstract":"We used a supplemental-feeding experiment, the doubly labeled water technique, and a model-selection approach based upon the Akaike Information Criterion to examine effects of food availability on energy expenditure rates of Black-legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) raising young. Energy expenditure rates of supplementally fed females (n = 14) and males (n = 16) were 34 and 20% lower than those of control females (n = 14) and males (n = 18), respectively. Energy expenditure rates of females were more responsive to fluctuations in food availability than those of males. Fed males likely expended more energy while off the nest than fed females, possibly because of nest defense. Energy expenditure rates of fed kittiwakes were similar to values reported for kittiwakes that were either not raising young or not foraging. Parent kittiwakes, therefore, adjusted parental effort in response to variation in breeding conditions due to changes in food availability. Adjustments in reproductive effort in response to variable foraging conditions may have significant effects on the survival and productivity of individuals, and thus provide substantial fitness benefits for long-lived seabirds such as Black-legged Kittiwakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/z01-221","usgsCitation":"Jodice, P.G., Roby, D.D., Hatch, S.A., Gill, V., Lanctot, R., and Visser, G.H., 2002, Does food availability affect energy expenditure rates of nesting seabirds? A supplemental-feeding experiment with Black-Legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla): Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 80, no. 2, p. 214-222, https://doi.org/10.1139/z01-221.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"214","endPage":"222","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335397,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a42538e4b0c825128ad459","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jodice, Patrick G.R. 0000-0001-8716-120X pjodice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8716-120X","contributorId":1119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jodice","given":"Patrick","email":"pjodice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":668821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roby, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9844-0992 droby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9844-0992","contributorId":3702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roby","given":"Daniel","email":"droby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":668822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":668823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gill, Verena A.","contributorId":140658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gill","given":"Verena A.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":668824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lanctot, Richard B.","contributorId":77879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lanctot","given":"Richard B.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":668825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Visser, G. Henk","contributorId":105497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Visser","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"Henk","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70023945,"text":"70023945 - 2002 - Evaluation of terrestrial carbon cycle models with atmospheric CO2 measurements: Results from transient simulations considering increasing CO2, climate, and land-use effects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-21T15:42:13.780501","indexId":"70023945","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1836,"text":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of terrestrial carbon cycle models with atmospheric CO2 measurements: Results from transient simulations considering increasing CO2, climate, and land-use effects","docAbstract":"An atmospheric transport model and observations of atmospheric CO2 are used to evaluate the performance of four Terrestrial Carbon Models (TCMs) in simulating the seasonal dynamics and interannual variability of atmospheric CO2 between 1980 and 1991. The TCMs were forced with time varying atmospheric CO2 concentrations, climate, and land use to simulate the net exchange of carbon between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere. The monthly surface CO2 fluxes from the TCMs were used to drive the Model of Atmospheric Transport and Chemistry and the simulated seasonal cycles and concentration anomalies are compared with observations from several stations in the CMDL network. The TCMs underestimate the amplitude of the seasonal cycle and tend to simulate too early an uptake of CO2 during the spring by approximately one to two months. The model fluxes show an increase in amplitude as a result of land-use change, but that pattern is not so evident in the simulated atmospheric amplitudes, and the different models suggest different causes for the amplitude increase (i.e., CO2 fertilization, climate variability or land use change). The comparison of the modeled concentration anomalies with the observed anomalies indicates that either the TCMs underestimate interannual variability in the exchange of CO2 between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere, or that either the variability in the ocean fluxes or the atmospheric transport may be key factors in the atmospheric interannual variability.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2001GB001426","usgsCitation":"Dargaville, R., Heimann, M., McGuire, A., Prentice, I.C., Kicklighter, D., Joos, F., Clein, J.S., Esser, G., Foley, J., Kaplan, J., Meier, R., Melillo, J.M., Moore, B., Ramankutty, N., Reichenau, T., Schloss, A., Sitch, S., Tian, H., Williams, L., and Wittenberg, U., 2002, Evaluation of terrestrial carbon cycle models with atmospheric CO2 measurements: Results from transient simulations considering increasing CO2, climate, and land-use effects: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, v. 16, no. 4, p. 39-1-39-15, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001GB001426.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"39-1","endPage":"39-15","costCenters":[{"id":108,"text":"Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478762,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://boris.unibe.ch/158465/","text":"External Repository"},{"id":231974,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-11-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0ccfe4b0c8380cd52ce3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dargaville, R.J.","contributorId":41992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dargaville","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heimann, Martin","contributorId":76497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heimann","given":"Martin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Prentice, I. C.","contributorId":63969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prentice","given":"I.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kicklighter, D. W.","contributorId":31537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kicklighter","given":"D. W.","affiliations":[{"id":13627,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":399442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Joos, F.","contributorId":30786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joos","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Clein, Joy S.","contributorId":83697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clein","given":"Joy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Esser, G.","contributorId":15373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esser","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Foley, J.","contributorId":40760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kaplan, J.","contributorId":82888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaplan","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Meier, R.A.","contributorId":79267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Melillo, J. M.","contributorId":73139,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melillo","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Moore, B. 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Sea otter population status and the process of recovery from the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":85938,"text":"85938 - 2002 - Sea otter (Enhydra lutris) perspective: Part A. Sea otter population status and the process of recovery from the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill","indexId":"85938","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"chapter":"3A","title":"Sea otter (Enhydra lutris) perspective: Part A. Sea otter population status and the process of recovery from the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70188451,"text":"70188451 - 2002 - Mechanisms of impact and potential recovery of nearshore vertebrate predators following the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill","indexId":"70188451","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Mechanisms of impact and potential recovery of nearshore vertebrate predators following the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70188451,"text":"70188451 - 2002 - Mechanisms of impact and potential recovery of nearshore vertebrate predators following the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill","indexId":"70188451","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Mechanisms of impact and potential recovery of nearshore vertebrate predators following the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-28T14:53:53","indexId":"85938","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"chapter":"3A","title":"Sea otter (Enhydra lutris) perspective: Part A. Sea otter population status and the process of recovery from the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill","docAbstract":"Sea otter (Enhydra lutris) populations were severely affected by the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill in western Prince William Sound, AK, and had not fully recovered by 2000. Here we present results of population surveys and incorporate findings from related studies to identify current population status and factors affecting recovery. Between 1993 and 2000, the number of sea otters in the spill-area of Prince William Sound increased by about 600 to nearly 2700. However, at Knight Island, where oil exposure and sea otter mortality in 1989 approached 0.90, no increase has been observed. Sea otter reproduction was not impaired and the age and sex structure of animals captured are consistent with both intrinsic reproduction and immigration contributing to recovery. However, low resighting rates of marked animals at Knight Island compared to an unoiled reference area, and a high proportion of young animals in beach cast carcasses through 1998, suggest that the lack of recovery was caused by relatively poor survival or emigration of potential recruits. Significantly higher levels of cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A), a biomarker of hydrocarbons, were found in sea otters at Knight Island in 1996-98 compared to unoiled Montague Island, implicating oil effects in the lack of recovery at Knight Island. Delayed recovery does not appear to be directly related to food limitation. Although food availability was relatively low at both oiled and unoiled areas, we detected significant increases in sea otter abundance only at Montague Island, a finding inconsistent with food as a principal limiting factor. Persistent oil in habitats and prey provides a source of continued oil exposure and, combined with relatively low prey densities, suggests a potential interaction between oil and food. However, sea otters foraged more successfully at Knight Island and young females were in better condition than those at Montague Island. We conclude that progress toward recovery of sea otters in Prince William Sound is evident, but that in areas where initial oil effects were greatest, recovery may be constrained by residual spill effects, resulting in elevated mortality and emigration. It is evident that internal reproduction and immigration of juveniles has been the primary means of population recovery, as opposed to broad scale redistribution of adults from outside affected areas. The result is a recovery period protracted by long-term spill effects on survival and emigration and intrinsic limits to population growth.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mechanisms of impact and potential recovery of nearshore vertebrate predators following the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","usgsCitation":"Bodkin, J.L., Ballachey, B.E., Dean, T.A., Fukuyama, A.K., Jewett, S.C., McDonald, L.L., Monson, D., O’Clair, C.E., and VanBlaricom, G.R., 2002, Sea otter (Enhydra lutris) perspective: Part A. 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2002 - Evaluating the impacts of wildland fires on caribou in interior Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-06T08:42:21","indexId":"70180866","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":897,"text":"Arctic Research of the United States","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating the impacts of wildland fires on caribou in interior Alaska","docAbstract":"Caribou are found throughout the boreal forests of interior Alaska, a region subject to chronic and expansive wildland fires. Fruticose lichens, if available, constitute the majority of the winter diet of caribou throughout their range and are common in mature boreal forests but largely absent from early successional stages. Fire, the dominant ecological driving force, increases vegetative diversity and productivity across the landscape but may reduce the availability of caribou winter forage for decades.
Increasingly, wildland fire regimes are influenced by humans seeking to reduce fire hazards or mitigate the effects of years of fire suppression. Consequently, biologists have debated the importance of forage lichens to the dynamics of caribou populations, and land managers have questioned the importance of fire regime to wintering caribou. To better understand the impacts of wildland fire on caribou, we are simultaneously investigating the relationships between fire history, caribou movements, forage lichen availability, and caribou nutritional performance on their winter range.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Science Foundation","publisherLocation":"Arlington, VA","usgsCitation":"Joly, K., Adams, L., Dale, B.W., and Collins, W., 2002, Evaluating the impacts of wildland fires on caribou in interior Alaska: Arctic Research of the United States, v. 16, no. 2, p. 63-67.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"67","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334796,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334803,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.nsf.gov/pubs/2003/nsf03021/nsf03021_10.pdf"},{"id":334794,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.arctic.gov/publications/related/arotus.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.138671875,\n 61.897577621605016\n ],\n [\n -152.138671875,\n 67.13582938531948\n ],\n [\n -140.361328125,\n 67.13582938531948\n ],\n [\n -140.361328125,\n 61.897577621605016\n ],\n [\n -152.138671875,\n 61.897577621605016\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589847a9e4b0efcedb7072d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Joly, Kyle","contributorId":53117,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Joly","given":"Kyle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12462,"text":"U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":662632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Layne G. 0000-0001-6212-2896 ladams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2896","contributorId":2776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Layne G.","email":"ladams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dale, Bruce W.","contributorId":6769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dale","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Collins, William","contributorId":50146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70187589,"text":"70187589 - 2002 - Forage quantity and quality","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70187589,"text":"70187589 - 2002 - Forage quantity and quality","indexId":"70187589","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"chapter":"5","title":"Forage quantity and quality"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":53871,"text":"bsr20020001 - 2002 - Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries","indexId":"bsr20020001","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":53871,"text":"bsr20020001 - 2002 - Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries","indexId":"bsr20020001","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-06T11:01:23","indexId":"70187589","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9,"text":"Biological Science Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"2002-0001","chapter":"5","title":"Forage quantity and quality","docAbstract":"The Porcupine caribou herd has traditionally used the coastal plain of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, for calving. Availability of nutritious forage has been hypothesized as one of the reasons the Porcupine caribou herd migrates hundreds of kilometers to reach the coastal plain for calving (Kuropat and Bryant 1980, Russell et al. 1993).
Forage quantity and quality and the chronology of snowmelt (which determines availability and phenological stages of forage) have been suggested as important habitat attributes that lead calving caribou to select one area over another (Lent 1980, White and Trudell 1980, Eastland et al. 1989). A major question when considering the impact of petroleum development is whether potential displacement of the caribou from the 1002 Area to alternate calving habitat will limit access to high quantity and quality forage.
Our study had the following objectives: 1) quantify snowmelt patterns by area; 2) quantify relationships among phenology, biomass, and nutrient content of principal forage species by vegetation type; and 3) determine if traditional concentrated calving areas differ from adjacent areas with lower calving densities in terms of vegetation characteristics.
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","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings: 22nd international symposium on halogenated environmental organic pollutants and persistent organic pollutants (POPs)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Dioxin 2002: 22nd International Symposium on Halogenated Environmental Organic Pollutants and Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)","conferenceDate":"August 11-16, 2002","conferenceLocation":"Barcelona, Spain","language":"English","publisher":"Dioxin 20XX","isbn":"8460751821","usgsCitation":"Kucklick, J.R., Vander Pol, S.S., Becker, P., Pugh, R.S., Simac, K.S., York, G., and Rosenau, D., 2002, Persistent organic pollutants in murre eggs from the Gulf of Alaska and Bering Sea, in Proceedings: 22nd international symposium on halogenated environmental organic pollutants and persistent organic pollutants (POPs), Barcelona, Spain, August 11-16, 2002, p. 13-16.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"16","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339676,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339675,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dioxin20xx.org/history.htm"}],"otherGeospatial":"Bering Sea, Gulf of Alaska","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f08e63e4b06911a29fa868","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kucklick, John R.","contributorId":103519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kucklick","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":25356,"text":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":690852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vander Pol, Stacy S.","contributorId":38776,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vander Pol","given":"Stacy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":25356,"text":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":690853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Becker, P.R.","contributorId":101035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becker","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pugh, Rebecca S.","contributorId":11826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pugh","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":25356,"text":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":690855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Simac, Kristin S. 0000-0002-4072-1940 ksimac@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4072-1940","contributorId":131096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simac","given":"Kristin","email":"ksimac@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":690856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"York, G.W.","contributorId":105474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"York","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rosenau, D.G.","contributorId":190841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosenau","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70186742,"text":"70186742 - 2002 - Ecological perspectives on Pacific salmon: Can we sustain biodiversity and fisheries?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-10T13:40:15","indexId":"70186742","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"14","title":"Ecological perspectives on Pacific salmon: Can we sustain biodiversity and fisheries?","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sustaining North American salmon: Perspectives across regions and disciplines","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","usgsCitation":"Knudsen, E.E., 2002, Ecological perspectives on Pacific salmon: Can we sustain biodiversity and fisheries?, chap. 14 of Sustaining North American salmon: Perspectives across regions and disciplines, p. 277-319.","productDescription":"43 p.","startPage":"277","endPage":"319","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339480,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339478,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fisheries.org/bookstore/all-titles/professional-and-trade/x55039xm/"}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e8a547e4b09da6799d63bf","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Lynch, Kristine D.","contributorId":190701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lynch","given":"Kristine","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690423,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Michael L.","contributorId":139526,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6596,"text":"Quantitative Fisheries Center, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":690424,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taylor, William W.","contributorId":166927,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":690425,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Knudsen, E. Eric","contributorId":104818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knudsen","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70182213,"text":"70182213 - 2002 - Response of a subarctic salt marsh plant community to grubbing and grazing by captive lesser snow geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-12T21:24:23","indexId":"70182213","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1474,"text":"Écoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of a subarctic salt marsh plant community to grubbing and grazing by captive lesser snow geese","docAbstract":"Foraging intensity and faecal inputs are important determinants of plant community response to herbivory. We used captive adult lesser snow geese (Anser caerulescens caerulescens), which feed on both above- and below-ground plant tissues, to manipulate foraging intensity and faecal inputs to plots in a sedge meadow in spring, 1996. We measured plant and soil characteristics throughout the growing season of 1996 and in August 1997. We analysed three contrasts: grazed plots versus ungrazed controls, plots with a short period of feeding (3 goose-hours) versus plots with a long period of feeding (6 goose-hours), and grazed plots with faeces versus grazed plots without faeces. Although grazed plots had an order of magnitude higher foraging intensity than that imposed by wild geese in the marsh, there was no effect of feeding on biomass or nitrogen concentration in the dominant species, Carex ramenskii and Triglochin maritimum, after one and two growing seasons. The amount of forage removed by geese did not differ between plots grazed for long and short periods, indicating that geese were able to remove little additional biomass after 3 hours due to low availability. Therefore, the amount of biomass removed by geese was a better indicator of foraging intensity than the time geese fed on plots. The presence of faeces had no effect on biomass or nitrogen concentration in Carex ramenskii or Triglochin maritimum, or on rates of net nitrogen mineralization in soils. Thus, faeces did not appear to increase nitrogen availability for plants in this marsh, probably because faecal density was low.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor &Francis","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2002.11682719","usgsCitation":"Zacheis, A.B., Hupp, J.W., and Ruess, R.W., 2002, Response of a subarctic salt marsh plant community to grubbing and grazing by captive lesser snow geese: Écoscience, v. 9, no. 3, p. 320-331, https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2002.11682719.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"320","endPage":"331","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335879,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-03-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ad5fc3e4b01ccd54f8b52d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zacheis, Amy B.","contributorId":92460,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zacheis","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hupp, Jerry W. 0000-0002-6439-3910 jhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-3910","contributorId":127803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Jerry","email":"jhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":670002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruess, Roger W.","contributorId":45483,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruess","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70182221,"text":"70182221 - 2002 - Growth and abundance of Pacific Sand Lance, Ammodytes hexapterus, under differing oceanographic regimes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-21T13:22:15","indexId":"70182221","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth and abundance of Pacific Sand Lance, Ammodytes hexapterus, under differing oceanographic regimes","docAbstract":"Dramatic changes in seabird and marine mammal stocks in the Gulf of Alaska have been linked to shifts in abundance and composition of forage fish stocks over the past 20 years. The relative value (e.g., size and condition of individual fish, abundance) of specific forage fish stocks to predators under temporally changing oceanographic regimes is also expected to vary. We inferred potential temporal responses in abundance, growth, and age structure of a key forage fish, sand lance, by studying across spatially different oceanographic regimes. Marked meso-scale differences in abundance, growth, and mortality existed in conjunction with these differing regimes. Growth rate within stocks (between years) was positively correlated with temperature. However, this relationship did not exist among stocks (locations) and differing growth rates were better correlated to marine productivity. Sand lance were least abundant and grew slowest at the warmest site (Chisik Island), an area of limited habitat and low food abundance. Abundance and growth of juvenile sand lance was highest at the coolest site (Barren Islands), an area of highly productive upwelled waters. Sand lance at two sites located oceanographically between the Barren Islands and Chisik Island (inner- and outer-Kachemak Bay) displayed correspondingly intermediate abundance and growth. Resident predators at these sites are presented with markedly different numbers and quality of this key prey species. Our results suggest that at the decadal scale, Gulf of Alaska forage fish such as sand lance are probably more profoundly affected by changes in abundance and quality of their planktonic food, than by temperature alone.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1016151224357","usgsCitation":"Robards, M.D., Gray, F., and Piatt, J.F., 2002, Growth and abundance of Pacific Sand Lance, Ammodytes hexapterus, under differing oceanographic regimes: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 64, no. 4, p. 429-441, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016151224357.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"429","endPage":"441","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335886,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska, Kachemak Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154.599609375,\n 58.297944045474146\n ],\n [\n -149.095458984375,\n 58.297944045474146\n ],\n [\n -149.095458984375,\n 61.32826897897603\n ],\n [\n -154.599609375,\n 61.32826897897603\n ],\n [\n -154.599609375,\n 58.297944045474146\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ad5fc3e4b01ccd54f8b52b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robards, Martin D.","contributorId":40148,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robards","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gray, Floyd 0000-0002-0223-8966 fgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0223-8966","contributorId":603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Floyd","email":"fgray@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":670038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":670039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70187770,"text":"70187770 - 2002 - Life and death of the Resurrection Plate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-17T12:09:17","indexId":"70187770","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5392,"text":"Newsletter of the Alaska Geological Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Life and death of the Resurrection Plate","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Geological Society","usgsCitation":"Haeussler, P.J., Bradley, D.C., Wells, R., and Miller, M.L., 2002, Life and death of the Resurrection Plate: Newsletter of the Alaska Geological Society, v. 31, p. 1-1.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"1","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341444,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593e3c9ae4b0764e6c61b834","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradley, D. C.","contributorId":17634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wells, R.E. 0000-0002-7796-0160","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-0160","contributorId":67537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"R.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, Marti L. 0000-0003-0285-4942 mlmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0285-4942","contributorId":561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Marti","email":"mlmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70184679,"text":"70184679 - 2002 - Satellite imagery characterizes local animal reservoir populations of Sin Nombre virus in the southwestern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-12T20:54:07","indexId":"70184679","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Satellite imagery characterizes local animal reservoir populations of Sin Nombre virus in the southwestern United States","docAbstract":"The relationship between the risk of hantaviral pulmonary syndrome (HPS), as estimated from satellite imagery, and local rodent populations was examined. HPS risk, predicted before rodent sampling, was highly associated with the abundance of Peromyscus maniculatus, the reservoir of Sin Nombre virus (SNV). P. maniculatus were common in high-risk sites, and populations in high-risk areas were skewed toward adult males, the subclass most frequently infected with SNV. In the year after an El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), captures of P. maniculatus increased only in high-risk areas. During 1998, few sites had infected mice, but by 1999, 18/20 of the high-risk sites contained infected mice and the crude prevalence was 30.8%. Only 1/18 of the low-risk sites contained infected rodents, and the prevalence of infection was lower (8.3%). Satellite imagery identified environmental features associated with SNV transmission within its reservoir population, but at least 2 years of high-risk conditions were needed for SNV to reach high prevalence. Areas with persistently high-risk environmental conditions may serve as refugia for the survival of SNV in local mouse populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1073/pnas.252617999","usgsCitation":"Glass, G.E., Yates, T.L., Fine, J.B., Shields, T.M., Kendall, J.B., Hope, A.G., Parmenter, C.A., Peters, C., Ksiazek, T.G., Li, C., Patz, J.A., and Mills, J.N., 2002, Satellite imagery characterizes local animal reservoir populations of Sin Nombre virus in the southwestern United States: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 99, no. 26, p. 16817-16822, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.252617999.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"16817","endPage":"16822","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478832,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.252617999","text":"External Repository"},{"id":337398,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Southwest","volume":"99","issue":"26","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-12-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c3c946e4b0f37a93ee9b69","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glass, Gregory E.","contributorId":148032,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glass","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16982,"text":"The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":682538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yates, Terry L.","contributorId":87489,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yates","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":682539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fine, Joshua B.","contributorId":188278,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fine","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":682540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shields, Timothy M.","contributorId":188279,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shields","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":682541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kendall, John B.","contributorId":188322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kendall","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":682605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hope, Andrew G. 0000-0003-3814-2891 ahope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3814-2891","contributorId":4309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hope","given":"Andrew","email":"ahope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":682606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Parmenter, Cheryl A.","contributorId":67045,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parmenter","given":"Cheryl","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":682607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Peters, C.J.","contributorId":188323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peters","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":682608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ksiazek, Thomas G.","contributorId":188324,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ksiazek","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":682609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Li, Chung-Sheng","contributorId":188325,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Chung-Sheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":682610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Patz, Jonathan A.","contributorId":188326,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patz","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":682611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Mills, James N.","contributorId":17505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":682612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70184356,"text":"70184356 - 2002 - Food limitation and the recovery of sea otters following the 'Exxon Valdez' oil spill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-28T14:56:00","indexId":"70184356","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Food limitation and the recovery of sea otters following the 'Exxon Valdez' oil spill","docAbstract":"We examined the potential role of food limitation in constraining the recovery of sea otters Enhydra lutris in Prince William Sound, Alaska, following the 'Exxon Valdez' oil spill. The spill resulted in the removal of a large number of sea otters in 1989, and as of 1998, the portion of the population in the heavily oiled northern Knight Island region had not fully recovered. Between 1996 and 1998, prey consumption rate was higher and the condition of sea otters was better at northern Knight Island than in an unoiled area of the sound (Montague Island). Estimates of prey energy available per unit mass of sea otter were about 4 times higher at Knight than Montague Island, albeit not significantly different between the 2 areas. Over this same period, the number of sea otters remained constant at northern Knight Island but increased at Montague Island. These data suggest that food was at least as abundant at Knight than at Montague Island, and that recovery of sea otters via intrinsic population growth was limited by factors other than food. However, the availability of food, the prey consumption rate, and the condition of sea otters were all much lower at both Knight and Montague Islands than in areas newly occupied by sea otters where the population growth rate was near the theoretical maximum. It is possible that the relatively short supply of food (compared to areas where sea otter population growth rate was high) may have inhibited immigration or interacted with other factors (e.g. oil-induced mortality or predation) to restrict sea otter population growth. Nonetheless, these data suggest that impacts of anthropogenic disturbances on large, often food-limited vertebrate predators can persist in spite of the availability of food resources that are sufficient for intrinsic population growth.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research Science Center","doi":"10.3354/meps241255","usgsCitation":"Dean, T.A., Bodkin, J.L., Fukuyama, A.K., Jewett, S.C., Monson, D., O’Clair, C.E., and VanBlaricom, G.R., 2002, Food limitation and the recovery of sea otters following the 'Exxon Valdez' oil spill: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 241, p. 255-270, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps241255.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"270","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478794,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps241255","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":336995,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince William Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -148.68347167968747,\n 59.56494079612182\n ],\n [\n -146.8212890625,\n 59.56494079612182\n ],\n [\n -146.8212890625,\n 61.10875187858557\n ],\n [\n -148.68347167968747,\n 61.10875187858557\n ],\n [\n -148.68347167968747,\n 59.56494079612182\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"241","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58bfd519e4b014cc3a3ba63e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dean, Thomas A.","contributorId":187562,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dean","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fukuyama, Allan K.","contributorId":89472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fukuyama","given":"Allan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":621,"text":"Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":681143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jewett, Stephen C.","contributorId":94397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jewett","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Monson, Daniel H. 0000-0002-4593-5673 dmonson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-5673","contributorId":140480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monson","given":"Daniel H.","email":"dmonson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":681145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"O’Clair, Charles E.","contributorId":60571,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Clair","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"VanBlaricom, Glenn R. glennvb@usgs.gov","contributorId":3540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanBlaricom","given":"Glenn","email":"glennvb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":681147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70182758,"text":"70182758 - 2002 - Using satellite telemetry to define spatial population structure in polar bears in the Norwegian and western Russian Arctic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-28T10:57:46","indexId":"70182758","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using satellite telemetry to define spatial population structure in polar bears in the Norwegian and western Russian Arctic","docAbstract":"1. Animal populations, defined by geographical areas within a species’ distribution where population dynamics are largely regulated by births and deaths rather than by migration from surrounding areas, may be the correct unit for wildlife management. However, in heterogeneous landscapes varying habitat quality may yield subpopulations with distinct patterns in resource use and demography significant to the dynamics of populations.
2. To define the spatial population structure of polar bears Ursus maritimus in the Norwegian and western Russian Arctic, and to assess the existence of a shared population between the two countries, we analysed satellite telemetry data obtained from 105 female polar bears over 12 years.
3. Using both cluster analyses and home-range estimation methods, we identified five population units inhabiting areas with different sea-ice characteristics and prey availability.
4. The continuous distribution of polar bear positions indicated that the different subpopulations formed one continuous polar bear population in the Norwegian and western Russian Arctic. Hence, Norway and Russia have a shared management responsibility.
5. The spatial population structure identified will provide a guide for evaluating geographical patterns in polar bear ecology, the dynamics of polar bear–seal relationships and the effects of habitat alteration due to climate change. The work illustrates the importance of defining population borders and subpopulation structure in understanding the dynamics and management of larger animals.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-2664.2002.00690.x","usgsCitation":"Mauritzen, M., Derocher, A.E., Wiig, Ø., Belikov, S., Boltunov, A.N., and Garner, G.W., 2002, Using satellite telemetry to define spatial population structure in polar bears in the Norwegian and western Russian Arctic: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 39, no. 1, p. 79-90, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2664.2002.00690.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"79","endPage":"90","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478793,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2664.2002.00690.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":336320,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Norway, Russia","otherGeospatial":"Arctic","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -41.8359375,\n 63.704722429433225\n ],\n [\n 159.609375,\n 63.704722429433225\n ],\n [\n 159.609375,\n 85.1709701284095\n ],\n [\n -41.8359375,\n 85.1709701284095\n ],\n [\n -41.8359375,\n 63.704722429433225\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-06-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b69a43e4b01ccd54ff3fca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mauritzen, Mette","contributorId":91753,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mauritzen","given":"Mette","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Derocher, Andrew E.","contributorId":96189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Derocher","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12980,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":673622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wiig, Øystein","contributorId":13469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiig","given":"Øystein","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Belikov, Stanislav","contributorId":19513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belikov","given":"Stanislav","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Boltunov, Andrei N.","contributorId":98682,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boltunov","given":"Andrei","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Garner, Gerald W.","contributorId":149918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garner","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13117,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":673626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70188079,"text":"70188079 - 2002 - Testing pop-up satellite tags as a tool for identifying critical habitat for Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) in the Gulf of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T17:51:54","indexId":"70188079","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Testing pop-up satellite tags as a tool for identifying critical habitat for Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) in the Gulf of Alaska","docAbstract":"To maintain healthy commercial and sport fisheries for Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis), critical habitat must be defined by determining life history patterns on a daily and seasonal basis. Pop-up satellite archival transmitting (PSAT) tags provide a fisheries-independent method of collecting environmental preference data (depth and ambient water temperature) as well as daily geolocation estimates based on ambient light conditions. In this study, 14 adult halibut (107-165 cm FL) were tagged and released with PSAT tags in and around Resurrection Bay, Alaska. Commercial fishermen recovered two tags, while five tags transmitted data to ARGOS satellites. Horizontal migration was not consistent among fish as three halibut remained in the vicinity of release while four traveled up to 358 km from the release site. Vertical migration was not consistent among fish and over time, but they spent most their time between 150-350 m. The minimum and maximum depths reached by any of the halibut were 2m and 502m, respectively. The fish preferred water temperatures of roughly 6 °C while experiencing ambient temperatures between 4.3 °C and 12.2 °C. Light attenuation with depth prevented existing geolocation software and light sensing hardware from accurately estimating geoposition, however, information from temperature, depth, ocean bathymetry, and pop-off locations provided inference on fish movement in the study area. PSAT tags were a viable tool for determining daily and seasonal behavior and identifying critical halibut habitat, which will aid fisheries managers in future decisions regarding commercial and sport fishing regulations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","usgsCitation":"Seitz, A.C., Wilson, D., and Nielsen, J.L., 2002, Testing pop-up satellite tags as a tool for identifying critical habitat for Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) in the Gulf of Alaska, 14 p.","productDescription":"14 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341896,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":342533,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.evostc.state.ak.us/index.cfm?FA=searchresults.projectInfo&Project_ID=445"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.357421875,\n 56.17002298293205\n ],\n [\n -133.857421875,\n 56.17002298293205\n ],\n [\n -133.857421875,\n 62.65396335371416\n ],\n [\n -156.357421875,\n 62.65396335371416\n ],\n [\n -156.357421875,\n 56.17002298293205\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publicComments":"Final Report: Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Restoration Project 01478","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"592e84cbe4b092b266f10df2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seitz, Andrew C.","contributorId":156324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seitz","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":696576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, Derek","contributorId":178950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Derek","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":698300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nielsen, Jennifer L.","contributorId":43722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185330,"text":"70185330 - 2002 - First record of a Greater Shearwater (Puffinus gravis) in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-02T14:16:57.089333","indexId":"70185330","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3743,"text":"Western Birds","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"First record of a Greater Shearwater (Puffinus gravis) in Alaska","title":"First record of a Greater Shearwater (Puffinus gravis) in Alaska","docAbstract":"The Greater Shearwater (Puffinus gravis) breeds in the southern Atlantic Ocean and disperses after breeding to the North Atlantic. On 3 August 2001, I observed and photographed an unidentified shearwater (Figure 1) in the Gulf of Alaska, about 30 km off the southern coast of Montague Island (59°50' N, 148°00' W). The bird was subsequently identified as a Greater Shearwater. This observation and photographic documentation provides the first Alaska state record (D. Gibson in litt.) and one of very few records for the North Pacific (see Table 1). This is the 464th bird species to be recorded in the state of Alaska.
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