{"pageNumber":"1932","pageRowStart":"48275","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70154833,"text":"70154833 - 2010 - Factors associated with mortality of walleyes and saugers caught in live-release tournaments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-02T15:31:29.733098","indexId":"70154833","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors associated with mortality of walleyes and saugers caught in live-release tournaments","docAbstract":"

We measured the initial mortality (fish judged nonreleasable at weigh-in), prerelease mortality (fish judged nonreleasable 1–2 h after weigh-in [which includes initial mortality]), and postrelease mortality (fish that died during a 5-d retention in net-pens) in 14 live-release tournaments for walleye Sander vitreus conducted in April–October 2006 and April–July 2007 in lakes and rivers in Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. Among the 14 events, initial mortality was 0–28%, prerelease mortality was 3–54%, and postrelease mortality was 0–100%; the mortality of reference fish (walleyes ≥31 cm long that were captured by electrofishing and held in net-pens with tournament-caught walleyes to measure postrelease mortality) was 0–97%. Mortality was generally low in events conducted when water temperatures were below 14°C but substantially higher in events when water temperatures were above 18°C. The mortality of reference fish suggests that capture by electrofishing and minimal handling when the water temperature exceeds 19°C results in high mortality of walleyes that is largely the result of the thermal conditions immediately after capture. Mortality was not related to the size of the tournaments (number of boats), the total number or weight of walleyes weighed in, or the mean number or weight of walleyes weighed in per boat. Mortality was positively related to the depth at which walleyes were caught and the live-well temperature and negatively related to the live-well dissolved oxygen concentration. Surface water temperature was the best predictor of mortality, and models were developed to predict the probability of prerelease and postrelease mortality of 10, 20, and 30% or less of tournament-caught walleyes due to water temperature.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/M09-003.1","usgsCitation":"Schramm, H., Vondracek, B.C., French, W.E., and Gerard, P., 2010, Factors associated with mortality of walleyes and saugers caught in live-release tournaments: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 30, no. 1, p. 238-253, https://doi.org/10.1577/M09-003.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"238","endPage":"253","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-011354","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475826,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11299/183646","text":"External Repository"},{"id":306783,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Detroit River, Devils Lake, 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bcv@usgs.gov","contributorId":904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vondracek","given":"Bruce","email":"bcv@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":568233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"French, William E.","contributorId":97355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gerard, Patrick D.","contributorId":140181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gerard","given":"Patrick D.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037025,"text":"70037025 - 2010 - Linking ecosystems, food webs, and fish production: subsidies in salmonid watersheds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-15T13:36:43","indexId":"70037025","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking ecosystems, food webs, and fish production: subsidies in salmonid watersheds","docAbstract":"

Physical characteristics of riverine habitats, such as large wood abundance, pool geometry and abundance, riparian vegetation cover, and surface flow conditions, have traditionally been thought to constrain fish production in these ecosystems. Conversely, the role of food resources (quantity and quality) in controlling fish production has received far less attention and consideration, though they can also be key productivity drivers. Traditional freshwater food web illustrations have typically conveyed the notion that most fish food is produced within the local aquatic habitat itself, but the concepts and model we synthesize in this article show that most fish food comes from external or very distant sources—including subsidies from marine systems borne from adult returns of anadromous fishes, from fishless headwater tributaries that transport prey to downstream fish, and from adjacent streamside vegetation and associated habitats. The model we propose further illustrates how key trophic pathways and food sources vary through time and space throughout watersheds. Insights into how food supplies affect fishes can help guide how we view riverine ecosystems, their structure and function, their interactions with marine and terrestrial systems, and how we manage natural resources, including fish, riparian habitats, and forests.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/1548-8446-35.8.373","issn":"03632415","usgsCitation":"Wipfli, M.S., and Baxter, C., 2010, Linking ecosystems, food webs, and fish production: subsidies in salmonid watersheds: Fisheries, v. 35, no. 8, p. 373-387, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8446-35.8.373.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"373","endPage":"387","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217131,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8446-35.8.373"},{"id":245050,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a47d2e4b0c8380cd679da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wipfli, Mark S. 0000-0002-4856-6068 mwipfli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4856-6068","contributorId":1425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wipfli","given":"Mark","email":"mwipfli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baxter, Colden V.","contributorId":47334,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baxter","given":"Colden V.","affiliations":[{"id":13656,"text":"Idaho State Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":459030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037028,"text":"70037028 - 2010 - Fate of trace organic compounds during vadose zone soil treatment in an onsite wastewater system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T10:31:11","indexId":"70037028","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fate of trace organic compounds during vadose zone soil treatment in an onsite wastewater system","docAbstract":"

During onsite wastewater treatment, trace organic compounds are often present in the effluents applied to subsurface soils for advanced treatment during vadose zone percolation and groundwater recharge. The fate of the endocrine-disrupting surfactant metabolites 4-nonylphenol (NP), 4-nonylphenolmonoethoxylate (NP1EO), and 4-nonylphenolmonoethoxycarboxylate (NP1EC), metal-chelating agents ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), antimicrobial agent triclosan, stimulant caffeine, and antibiotic sulfamethoxazole during transport through an unsaturated sandy loam soil was studied at a field-scale test site. To assess the effects of effluent quality and hydraulic loading rate (HLR) on compound fate in the soil profile, two effluents (septic tank or textile biofilter) were applied at two design HLRs (2 or 8 cm/d). Chemical concentrations were determined in the two effluents and soil pore water at 60, 120, and 240 cm below the soil infiltrative surface. Concentrations of trace organic compounds in septic tank effluent were reduced by more than 90% during transport through 240 cm (often within 60 cm) of soil, likely due to sorption and biotransformation. However, the concentration of NP increased with depth in the shallow soil profile. Additional treatment of anaerobic septic tank effluent with an aerobic textile biofilter reduced effluent concentrations of many compounds, but generally did not affect any changes in pore water concentrations. The soil profile receiving septic tank effluent (vs. textile biofilter effluent) generally had greater percent removal efficiencies. EDTA, NP, NP1EC, and sulfamethoxazole were measured in soil pore water, indicating the ability of some trace organic compounds to reach shallow groundwater. Risk is highly dependent on the degree of further treatment in the saturated zone and the types and proximity of uses for the receiving groundwater environment.

","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.40","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Conn, K., Siegrist, R., Barber, L.B., and Meyer, M.T., 2010, Fate of trace organic compounds during vadose zone soil treatment in an onsite wastewater system: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 29, no. 2, p. 285-293, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.40.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"285","endPage":"293","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-012835","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487208,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.40","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245109,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217187,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.40"}],"volume":"29","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f14e4b0c8380cd53757","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conn, K.E.","contributorId":64433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conn","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Siegrist, R.L.","contributorId":54005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siegrist","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barber, Larry B. 0000-0002-0561-0831 lbbarber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-0831","contributorId":921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"Larry","email":"lbbarber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meyer, Michael T. 0000-0001-6006-7985 mmeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-7985","contributorId":866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Michael","email":"mmeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037137,"text":"70037137 - 2010 - Distribution of non-breeding great lakes piping plovers (Charadrius melodus) along Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coastlines: Ten years of band sightings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-11T15:54:51","indexId":"70037137","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution of non-breeding great lakes piping plovers (Charadrius melodus) along Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coastlines: Ten years of band sightings","docAbstract":"In 1993, a mark-recapture effort was initiated to band annually all Great Lakes Piping Plover nesting adults and offspring. With voluntary reporting by observers, >430 sightings of 154 individually-marked Great Lakes banded birds were documented on the wintering grounds during 19952005. This paper reports non-breeding distribution and site-fidelity and identifies Critical Habitat units used by this population during the winter. Information obtained through banded bird sightings indicates that the winter range of Great Lakes Piping Plovers extends from North Carolina to Texas, and the Bahamas, with the majority (75%) of reported individuals wintering in Georgia and Florida. About 95% of sightings were near or within federally-designated winter Critical Habitat for Piping Plovers. Within season (52%) and between-year (62%) site fidelity was documented for resightings within 3.5 km of initial sighting. Although breeding pairs do not winter in close association, there is some evidence to suggest that offspring winter closer to the male rather than the female parent (P-value = 0.03), and adult males and females appear to exhibit latitudinal segregation (P-value < 0.001). Females reach the winter grounds before males, arriving in July and staying through April (???9 months) or 75% of the annual cycle. The study is the first to identify winter distribution for the Great Lakes Piping Plover population. The significant proportion of the annual cycle spent on the wintering grounds emphasizes the importance of habitat protection during the non-breeding season for this federally-listed population.","language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.1675/063.033.0103","issn":"15244695","usgsCitation":"Stucker, J.H., Cuthbert, F., Winn, B., Noel, B., Maddock, S., Leary, P., Cordes, J., and Wemmer, L., 2010, Distribution of non-breeding great lakes piping plovers (Charadrius melodus) along Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coastlines: Ten years of band sightings: Waterbirds, v. 33, no. 1, p. 22-32, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.033.0103.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"22","endPage":"32","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217395,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1675/063.033.0103"},{"id":245341,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a02eae4b0c8380cd50267","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stucker, J. H.","contributorId":22595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stucker","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cuthbert, F.J.","contributorId":45272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuthbert","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Winn, Brad","contributorId":90852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winn","given":"Brad","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Noel, B.L.","contributorId":7537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noel","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Maddock, S.B.","contributorId":48797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maddock","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Leary, P.R.","contributorId":98148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leary","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cordes, J.","contributorId":88942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cordes","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wemmer, L.C.","contributorId":13592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wemmer","given":"L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70046728,"text":"dds49106 - 2010 - Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: NLCD 2001 Tree Canopy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-25T16:08:02","indexId":"dds49106","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"491-06","title":"Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: NLCD 2001 Tree Canopy","docAbstract":"This tabular data set represents the mean percent tree canopy from the Canopy Layer of the National Land Cover Dataset 2001 (LaMotte and Wieczorek, 2010), compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of Major River Basins (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data set represents tree canopy percentage for the conterminous United States for 2001. The Canopy Layer of the National Land Cover Data Set for 2001 was produced through a cooperative project conducted by the Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) Consortium. The MRLC Consortium is a partnership of Federal agencies (http://www.mrlc.gov), consisting of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the U.S. Forest Service (USFS), the National Park Service (NPS), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), and the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the Rio Grande, Colorado, and the Great basin (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river basins, and California (MRB8).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/dds49106","usgsCitation":"Wieczorek, M., and LaMotte, A.E., 2010, Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: NLCD 2001 Tree Canopy: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 491-06, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/dds49106.","productDescription":"Dataset","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274330,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274329,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/mrb_e2rf1_canopy.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -127.910792,23.243486 ], [ -127.910792,51.657387 ], [ -65.327751,51.657387 ], [ -65.327751,23.243486 ], [ -127.910792,23.243486 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51d2a4e4e4b0ca1848338a03","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wieczorek, Michael mewieczo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczorek","given":"Michael","email":"mewieczo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":480121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LaMotte, Andrew E. 0000-0002-1434-6518 alamotte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1434-6518","contributorId":2842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaMotte","given":"Andrew","email":"alamotte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037176,"text":"70037176 - 2010 - Soil organic carbon stocks in Alaska estimated with spatial and pedon data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-05T14:09:00","indexId":"70037176","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3420,"text":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil organic carbon stocks in Alaska estimated with spatial and pedon data","docAbstract":"

Temperatures in high-latitude ecosystems are increasing faster than the average rate of global warming, which may lead to a positive feedback for climate change by increasing the respiration rates of soil organic C. If a positive feedback is confirmed, soil C will represent a source of greenhouse gases that is not currently considered in international protocols to regulate C emissions. We present new estimates of the stocks of soil organic C in Alaska, calculated by linking spatial and field data developed by the USDA NRCS. The spatial data are from the State Soil Geographic database (STATSGO), and the field and laboratory data are from the National Soil Characterization Database, also known as the pedon database. The new estimates range from 32 to 53 Pg of soil organic C for Alaska, formed by linking the spatial and field data using the attributes of Soil Taxonomy. For modelers, we recommend an estimation method based on taxonomic subgroups with interpolation for missing areas, which yields an estimate of 48 Pg. This is a substantial increase over a magnitude of 13 Pg estimated from only the STATSGO data as originally distributed in 1994, but the increase reflects different estimation methods and is not a measure of the change in C on the landscape. Pedon samples were collected between 1952 and 2002, so the results do not represent a single point in time. The linked databases provide an improved basis for modeling the impacts of climate change on net ecosystem exchange.

","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2136/sssaj2008.0404","issn":"03615995","usgsCitation":"Bliss, N.B., and Maursetter, J., 2010, Soil organic carbon stocks in Alaska estimated with spatial and pedon data: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 74, no. 2, p. 565-579, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2008.0404.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"565","endPage":"579","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217081,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2008.0404"},{"id":244994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"74","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9212e4b08c986b319c9e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bliss, Norman B. 0000-0003-2409-5211 bliss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2409-5211","contributorId":1921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bliss","given":"Norman","email":"bliss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maursetter, J.","contributorId":67336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maursetter","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037178,"text":"70037178 - 2010 - Predicting the probability and volume of postwildfire debris flows in the intermountain western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-10T13:05:18","indexId":"70037178","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting the probability and volume of postwildfire debris flows in the intermountain western United States","docAbstract":"Empirical models to estimate the probability of occurrence and volume of postwildfire debris flows can be quickly implemented in a geographic information system (GIS) to generate debris-flow hazard maps either before or immediately following wildfires. Models that can be used to calculate the probability of debris-flow production from individual drainage basins in response to a given storm were developed using logistic regression analyses of a database from 388 basins located in 15 burned areas located throughout the U.S. Intermountain West. The models describe debris-flow probability as a function of readily obtained measures of areal burned extent, soil properties, basin morphology, and rainfall from short-duration and low-recurrence-interval convective rainstorms. A model for estimating the volume of material that may issue from a basin mouth in response to a given storm was developed using multiple linear regression analysis of a database from 56 basins burned by eight fires. This model describes debris-flow volume as a function of the basin gradient, aerial burned extent, and storm rainfall. Applications of a probability model and the volume model for hazard assessments are illustrated using information from the 2003 Hot Creek fire in central Idaho. The predictive strength of the approach in this setting is evaluated using information on the response of this fire to a localized thunderstorm in August 2003. The mapping approach presented here identifies those basins that are most prone to the largest debris-flow events and thus provides information necessary to prioritize areas for postfire erosion mitigation, warnings, and prefire management efforts throughout the Intermountain West.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/B26459.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Cannon, S., Gartner, J., Rupert, M., Michael, J.A., Rea, A.H., and Parrett, C., 2010, Predicting the probability and volume of postwildfire debris flows in the intermountain western United States: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 122, no. 1-2, p. 127-144, https://doi.org/10.1130/B26459.1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"127","endPage":"144","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":363,"text":"Landslide Hazards Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245026,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217109,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B26459.1"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"122","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a81d5e4b0c8380cd7b772","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, S.H.","contributorId":38154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gartner, J.E.","contributorId":80098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rupert, M.G.","contributorId":24455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rupert","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Michael, J. A.","contributorId":48567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rea, A. H.","contributorId":58301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rea","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Parrett, C.","contributorId":43400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrett","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70037142,"text":"70037142 - 2010 - Time-dependent seismic tomography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T14:06:49","indexId":"70037142","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Time-dependent seismic tomography","docAbstract":"Of methods for measuring temporal changes in seismic-wave speeds in the Earth, seismic tomography is among those that offer the highest spatial resolution. 3-D tomographic methods are commonly applied in this context by inverting seismic wave arrival time data sets from different epochs independently and assuming that differences in the derived structures represent real temporal variations. This assumption is dangerous because the results of independent inversions would differ even if the structure in the Earth did not change, due to observational errors and differences in the seismic ray distributions. The latter effect may be especially severe when data sets include earthquake swarms or aftershock sequences, and may produce the appearance of correlation between structural changes and seismicity when the wave speeds are actually temporally invariant. A better approach, which makes it possible to assess what changes are truly required by the data, is to invert multiple data sets simultaneously, minimizing the difference between models for different epochs as well as the rms arrival-time residuals. This problem leads, in the case of two epochs, to a system of normal equations whose order is twice as great as for a single epoch. The direct solution of this system would require twice as much memory and four times as much computational effort as would independent inversions. We present an algorithm, tomo4d, that takes advantage of the structure and sparseness of the system to obtain the solution with essentially no more effort than independent inversions require. No claim to original US government works Journal compilation ?? 2010 RAS.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04668.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Julian, B., and Foulger, G., 2010, Time-dependent seismic tomography: Geophysical Journal International, v. 182, no. 3, p. 1327-1338, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04668.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1327","endPage":"1338","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-011001","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475879,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2010.04668.x","text":"External Repository"},{"id":244930,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217020,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04668.x"}],"volume":"182","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb3bce4b08c986b325f94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Julian, B.R.","contributorId":101272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Julian","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foulger, G.R.","contributorId":14439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foulger","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037085,"text":"70037085 - 2010 - Response of a macrotidal estuary to changes in anthropogenic mercury loading between 1850 and 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T09:59:54","indexId":"70037085","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of a macrotidal estuary to changes in anthropogenic mercury loading between 1850 and 2000","docAbstract":"

Methylmercury (MeHg) bioaccumulation in marine food webs poses risks to fish-consuming populations and wildlife. Here we develop and test an estuarine mercury cycling model for a coastal embayment of the Bay of Fundy, Canada. Mass budget calculations reveal that MeHg fluxes into sediments from settling solids exceed losses from sediment-to-water diffusion and resuspension. Although measured methylation rates in benthic sediments are high, rapid demethylation results in negligible net in situ production of MeHg. These results suggest that inflowing fluvial and tidal waters, rather than coastal sediments, are the dominant MeHg sources for pelagic marine food webs in this region. Model simulations show water column MeHg concentrations peaked in the 1960s and declined by almost 40% by the year 2000. Water column MeHg concentrations respond rapidly to changes in mercury inputs, reaching 95% of steady state in approximately 2 months. Thus, MeHg concentrations in pelagic organisms can be expected to respond rapidly to mercury loading reductions achieved through regulatory controls. In contrast MeHg concentrations in sediments have steadily increased since the onset of industrialization despite recent decreases in total mercury loading. Benthic food web MeHg concentrations are likely to continue to increase over the next several decades at present-day mercury emissions levels because the deep active sediment layer in this system contains a large amount of legacy mercury and requires hundreds of years to reach steady state with inputs.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es9032524","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Sunderl, E., Dalziel, J., Heyes, A., Branfireun, B., Krabbenhoft, D., and Gobas, F., 2010, Response of a macrotidal estuary to changes in anthropogenic mercury loading between 1850 and 2000: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 44, no. 5, p. 1698-1704, https://doi.org/10.1021/es9032524.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1698","endPage":"1704","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245020,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217103,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es9032524"}],"volume":"44","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaa28e4b0c8380cd86196","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sunderl, E.M.","contributorId":9088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sunderl","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dalziel, J.","contributorId":64484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalziel","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heyes, A.","contributorId":58051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heyes","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Branfireun, B.A.","contributorId":92843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Branfireun","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":118001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David P.","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":459309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gobas, F.A.P.C.","contributorId":8700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gobas","given":"F.A.P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70037086,"text":"70037086 - 2010 - Computer algorithm for analyzing and processing borehole strainmeter data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-14T15:14:48","indexId":"70037086","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1315,"text":"Computers & Geosciences","printIssn":"0098-3004","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Computer algorithm for analyzing and processing borehole strainmeter data","docAbstract":"The newly installed Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO) strainmeters record signals from tectonic activity, Earth tides, and atmospheric pressure. Important information about tectonic processes may occur at amplitudes at and below tidal strains and pressure loading. If incorrect assumptions are made regarding the background noise in the strain data, then the estimates of tectonic signal amplitudes may be incorrect. Furthermore, the use of simplifying assumptions that data are uncorrelated can lead to incorrect results and pressure loading and tides may not be completely removed from the raw data. Instead, any algorithm used to process strainmeter data must incorporate the strong temporal correlations that are inherent with these data. The technique described here uses least squares but employs data covariance that describes the temporal correlation of strainmeter data. There are several advantages to this method since many parameters are estimated simultaneously. These parameters include: (1) functional terms that describe the underlying error model, (2) the tidal terms, (3) the pressure loading term(s), (4) amplitudes of offsets, either those from earthquakes or from the instrument, (5) rate and changes in rate, and (6) the amplitudes and time constants of either logarithmic or exponential curves that can characterize postseismic deformation or diffusion of fluids near the strainmeter. With the proper error model, realistic estimates of the standard errors of the various parameters are obtained; this is especially critical in determining the statistical significance of a suspected, tectonic strain signal. The program also provides a method of tracking the various adjustments required to process strainmeter data. In addition, the program provides several plots to assist with identifying either tectonic signals or other signals that may need to be removed before any geophysical signal can be identified.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Computers and Geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.cageo.2009.08.011","issn":"00983004","usgsCitation":"Langbein, J.O., 2010, Computer algorithm for analyzing and processing borehole strainmeter data: Computers & Geosciences, v. 36, no. 5, p. 611-619, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2009.08.011.","startPage":"611","endPage":"619","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217104,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2009.08.011"},{"id":245021,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f955e4b0c8380cd4d587","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langbein, John O. 0000-0002-7821-8101 langbein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7821-8101","contributorId":3293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langbein","given":"John","email":"langbein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70037120,"text":"70037120 - 2010 - Valuing ecosystem services from wetlands restoration in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037120","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1453,"text":"Ecological Economics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Valuing ecosystem services from wetlands restoration in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","docAbstract":"This study assesses the value of restoring forested wetlands via the U.S. government's Wetlands Reserve Program (WRP) in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley by quantifying and monetizing ecosystem services. The three focal services are greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation, nitrogen mitigation, and waterfowl recreation. Site- and region-level measurements of these ecosystem services are combined with process models to quantify their production on agricultural land, which serves as the baseline, and on restored wetlands. We adjust and transform these measures into per-hectare, valuation-ready units and monetize them with prices from emerging ecosystem markets and the environmental economics literature. By valuing three of the many ecosystem services produced, we generate lower bound estimates for the total ecosystem value of the wetlands restoration. Social welfare value is found to be between $1435 and $1486/ha/year, with GHG mitigation valued in the range of $171 to $222, nitrogen mitigation at $1248, and waterfowl recreation at $16. Limited to existing markets, the estimate for annual market value is merely $70/ha, but when fully accounting for potential markets, this estimate rises to $1035/ha. The estimated social value surpasses the public expenditure or social cost of wetlands restoration in only 1 year, indicating that the return on public investment is very attractive for the WRP. Moreover, the potential market value is substantially greater than landowner opportunity costs, showing that payments to private landowners to restore wetlands could also be profitable for individual landowners. ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Economics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.11.022","issn":"09218009","usgsCitation":"Jenkins, W., Murray, B.C., Kramer, R., and Faulkner, S., 2010, Valuing ecosystem services from wetlands restoration in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley: Ecological Economics, v. 69, no. 5, p. 1051-1061, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.11.022.","startPage":"1051","endPage":"1061","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487922,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6740","text":"External Repository"},{"id":217162,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.11.022"},{"id":245083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc10ee4b08c986b32a431","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jenkins, W.A.","contributorId":54438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murray, B. C.","contributorId":49870,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murray","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kramer, R.A.","contributorId":60435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kramer","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Faulkner, S.P.","contributorId":55190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faulkner","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037141,"text":"70037141 - 2010 - Spatial variation in keystone effects: Small mammal diversity associated with black-tailed prairie dog colonies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:48","indexId":"70037141","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1445,"text":"Ecography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial variation in keystone effects: Small mammal diversity associated with black-tailed prairie dog colonies","docAbstract":"Species with extensive geographic ranges may interact with different species assemblages at distant locations, with the result that the nature of the interactions may vary spatially. Black-tailed prairie dogs Cynomys ludovicianus occur from Canada to Mexico in grasslands of the western Great Plains of North America. Black-tailed prairie dogs alter vegetation and dig extensive burrow systems that alter grassland habitats for plants and other animal species. These alterations of habitat justify the descriptor \" ecological engineer,\" and the resulting changes in species composition have earned them status as a keystone species. We examined the impact of black-tailed prairie dogs on small mammal assemblages by trapping at on- and off-colony locations at eight study areas across the species' geographic range. We posed 2 nested hypotheses: 1) prairie dogs function as a keystone species for other rodent species; and 2) the keystone role varies spatially. Assuming that it does, we asked what are the sources of the variation? Black-tailed prairie dogs consistently functioned as a keystone species in that there were strong statistically significant differences in community composition on versus off prairie dog colonies across the species range in prairie grassland. Small mammal species composition varied along both latitudinal and longitudinal gradients, and species richness varied from 4 to 11. Assemblages closer together were more similar; such correlations approximately doubled when including only on- or off-colony grids. Black-tailed prairie dogs had a significant effect on associated rodent assemblages that varied regionally, dependent upon the composition of the local rodent species pool. Over the range of the black-tailed prairie dog, on-colony rodent richness and evenness were less variable, and species composition was more consistent than off-colony assemblages. ?? 2010 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0587.2009.05746.x","issn":"09067590","usgsCitation":"Cully, J., Collinge, S., Van Nimwegen, R.E., Ray, C., Johnson, W., Thiagarajan, B., Conlin, D., and Holmes, B., 2010, Spatial variation in keystone effects: Small mammal diversity associated with black-tailed prairie dog colonies: Ecography, v. 33, no. 4, p. 667-677, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2009.05746.x.","startPage":"667","endPage":"677","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217019,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2009.05746.x"},{"id":244929,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b94bbe4b08c986b31ac15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cully, J.F.","contributorId":92056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cully","given":"J.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collinge, S.K.","contributorId":58832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collinge","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Van Nimwegen, R. E.","contributorId":58121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Nimwegen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ray, C.","contributorId":40758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ray","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, W.C.","contributorId":68003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Thiagarajan, Bala","contributorId":92520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thiagarajan","given":"Bala","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Conlin, D.B.","contributorId":15437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conlin","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Holmes, B.E.","contributorId":59274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70154984,"text":"70154984 - 2010 - Migration patterns and movements of sandhill cranes wintering in central and southwestern Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-17T09:42:01","indexId":"70154984","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Migration patterns and movements of sandhill cranes wintering in central and southwestern Louisiana","docAbstract":"

In this study we trapped wintering sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) in Louisiana and fitted them with satellite transmitters to determine their migration routes. Four of the 6 sandhill cranes with validated locations and a terminus point used the Central Flyway for spring migration; 2 of these 4 (the only 2 for which we have data) also used the Central Flyway for fall migration. Two of the 6 birds used the Mississippi Flyway for spring migration. The results of this study suggest that reintroduced whooping cranes (G. americana) that intermix and migrate with sandhill cranes that winter in Louisiana may enter the Central Flyway. In addition, the Mississippi Flyway is a viable option to use as a migration route for whooping cranes if they are reintroduced in Louisiana.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the eleventh North American crane workshop","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Eleventh North American Crane Workshop","conferenceDate":" September 23-27, 2008","conferenceLocation":"Wisconsin Dells, WI","language":"English","publisher":"North American Crane Working Group","usgsCitation":"King, S.L., Pierce, A.R., Hersey, K., and Winstead, N., 2010, Migration patterns and movements of sandhill cranes wintering in central and southwestern Louisiana, in Proceedings of the eleventh North American crane workshop, Wisconsin Dells, WI, September 23-27, 2008, p. 57-61.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"57","endPage":"61","ipdsId":"IP-010148","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341411,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341410,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/nacwgproc/133/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593e2ed6e4b0764e6c61b7b4","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hartup, Barry K.","contributorId":112921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartup","given":"Barry","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695444,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"King, Sammy L. 0000-0002-5364-6361 sking@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5364-6361","contributorId":557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Sammy","email":"sking@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pierce, Aaron R.","contributorId":94421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pierce","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":33463,"text":"Nicholls State University, Thibodaux, LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hersey, Kent","contributorId":99873,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hersey","given":"Kent","affiliations":[{"id":6763,"text":"Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Salt Lake City, Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Winstead, Nicholas","contributorId":112243,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Winstead","given":"Nicholas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":33464,"text":"Mississippi Department of Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037165,"text":"70037165 - 2010 - Environmental tolerance of an invasive riparian tree and its potential for continued spread in the southwestern US","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037165","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2490,"text":"Journal of Vegetation Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental tolerance of an invasive riparian tree and its potential for continued spread in the southwestern US","docAbstract":"Questions: Exotic plant invasion may be aided by facilitation and broad tolerance of environmental conditions, yet these processes are poorly understood in species-rich ecosystems such as riparian zones. In the southwestern United States (US) two plant species have invaded riparian zones: tamarisk (Tamarix ramosissima, T. chinensis, and their hybrids) and Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia). We addressed the following questions: (1) is Russian olive able to tolerate drier and shadier conditions than cottonwood and tamarisk? (2) Can tamarisk and cottonwood facilitate Russian olive invasion? Location: Arid riparian zones, southwestern US. Methods: We analyzed riparian tree seedling requirements in a controlled experiment, performed empirical field studies, and analyzed stable oxygen isotopes to determine the water sources used by Russian olive. Results: Russian olive survival was significantly higher in dense shade and low moisture conditions than tamarisk and cottonwood. Field observations indicated Russian olive established where flooding cannot occur, and under dense canopies of tamarisk, cottonwood, and Russian olive. Tamarisk and native riparian plant species seedlings cannot establish in these dry, shaded habitats. Russian olive can rely on upper soil water until 15 years of age, before utilizing groundwater. Conclusions: We demonstrate that even though there is little evidence of facilitation by cottonwood and tamarisk, Russian olive is able to tolerate dense shade and low moisture conditions better than tamarisk and cottonwood. There is great potential for continued spread of Russian olive throughout the southwestern US because large areas of suitable habitat exist that are not yet inhabited by this species. ?? 2010 International Association for Vegetation Science.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Vegetation Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1654-1103.2010.01179.x","issn":"11009233","usgsCitation":"Reynolds, L., and Cooper, D., 2010, Environmental tolerance of an invasive riparian tree and its potential for continued spread in the southwestern US: Journal of Vegetation Science, v. 21, no. 4, p. 733-743, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2010.01179.x.","startPage":"733","endPage":"743","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245311,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217367,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2010.01179.x"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a09eae4b0c8380cd520f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reynolds, L.V.","contributorId":56482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"L.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cooper, D.J.","contributorId":89489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037084,"text":"70037084 - 2010 - A late-Middle Pleistocene (Marine Isotope Stage 6) vegetated surface buried by Old Crow tephra at the Palisades, interior Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037084","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A late-Middle Pleistocene (Marine Isotope Stage 6) vegetated surface buried by Old Crow tephra at the Palisades, interior Alaska","docAbstract":"A 40??cm thick primary bed of Old Crow tephra (131??????11??ka), an important stratigraphic marker in eastern Beringia, directly overlies a vegetated surface at Palisades West, on the Yukon River in central Alaska. Analyses of insect, bryophyte, and vascular plant macrofossils from the buried surface and underlying organic-rich silt suggest the local presence of an aquatic environment and mesic shrub-tundra at the time of tephra deposition. Autochthonous plant and insect macrofossils from peat directly overlying Old Crow tephra suggest similar aquatic habitats and hydric to mesic tundra environments, though pollen counts indicate a substantial herbaceous component to the regional tundra vegetation. Trace amounts of arboreal pollen in sediments associated with the tephra probably reflect reworking from older deposits, rather than the local presence of trees. The revised glass fission-track age for Old Crow tephra places its deposition closer to the time of the last interglaciation than earlier age determinations, but stratigraphy and paleoecology of sites with Old Crow tephra indicate a late Marine Isotope Stage 6 age. Regional permafrost degradation and associated thaw slumping are responsible for the close stratigraphic and paleoecological relations between Old Crow tephra and last interglacial deposits at some sites in eastern Beringia. ?? 2009 Elsevier Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Science Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.12.003","issn":"02773791","usgsCitation":"Reyes, A., Jensen, B., Zazula, G., Ager, T.A., Kuzmina, S., La, F.C., and Froese, D., 2010, A late-Middle Pleistocene (Marine Isotope Stage 6) vegetated surface buried by Old Crow tephra at the Palisades, interior Alaska: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 29, no. 5-6, p. 801-811, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.12.003.","startPage":"801","endPage":"811","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217076,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.12.003"},{"id":244988,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e435e4b0c8380cd464d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reyes, A.V.","contributorId":104738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reyes","given":"A.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jensen, B.J.L.","contributorId":65696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jensen","given":"B.J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zazula, G.D.","contributorId":24595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zazula","given":"G.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ager, T. A.","contributorId":88386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ager","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kuzmina, S.","contributorId":94889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuzmina","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"La, Farge C.","contributorId":21790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"La","given":"Farge","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Froese, D.G.","contributorId":41197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Froese","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70037166,"text":"70037166 - 2010 - Global estimates of evapotranspiration and gross primary production based on MODIS and global meteorology data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-06T12:19:05","indexId":"70037166","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global estimates of evapotranspiration and gross primary production based on MODIS and global meteorology data","docAbstract":"

The simulation of gross primary production (GPP) at various spatial and temporal scales remains a major challenge for quantifying the global carbon cycle. We developed a light use efficiency model, called EC-LUE, driven by only four variables: normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), air temperature, and the Bowen ratio of sensible to latent heat flux. The EC-LUE model may have the most potential to adequately address the spatial and temporal dynamics of GPP because its parameters (i.e., the potential light use efficiency and optimal plant growth temperature) are invariant across the various land cover types. However, the application of the previous EC-LUE model was hampered by poor prediction of Bowen ratio at the large spatial scale. In this study, we substituted the Bowen ratio with the ratio of evapotranspiration (ET) to net radiation, and revised the RS-PM (Remote Sensing-Penman Monteith) model for quantifying ET. Fifty-four eddy covariance towers, including various ecosystem types, were selected to calibrate and validate the revised RS-PM and EC-LUE models. The revised RS-PM model explained 82% and 68% of the observed variations of ET for all the calibration and validation sites, respectively. Using estimated ET as input, the EC-LUE model performed well in calibration and validation sites, explaining 75% and 61% of the observed GPP variation for calibration and validation sites respectively.

Global patterns of ET and GPP at a spatial resolution of 0.5° latitude by 0.6° longitude during the years 2000–2003 were determined using the global MERRA dataset (Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research and Applications) and MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer). The global estimates of ET and GPP agreed well with the other global models from the literature, with the highest ET and GPP over tropical forests and the lowest values in dry and high latitude areas. However, comparisons with observed GPP at eddy flux towers showed significant underestimation of ET and GPP due to lower net radiation of MERRA dataset. Applying a procedure to correct the systematic errors of global meteorological data would improve global estimates of GPP and ET. The revised RS-PM and EC-LUE models will provide the alternative approaches making it possible to map ET and GPP over large areas because (1) the model parameters are invariant across various land cover types and (2) all driving forces of the models may be derived from remote sensing data or existing climate observation networks.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.022","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Yuan, W., Liu, S., Yu, G., Bonnefond, J., Chen, J., Davis, K., Desai, A., Goldstein, A.H., Gianelle, D., Rossi, F., Suyker, A., and Verma, S., 2010, Global estimates of evapotranspiration and gross primary production based on MODIS and global meteorology data: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 114, no. 7, p. 1416-1431, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.022.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1416","endPage":"1431","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245342,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217396,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.022"}],"volume":"114","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2946e4b0c8380cd5a7f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yuan, W.","contributorId":35955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yuan","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, S.","contributorId":93170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yu, G.","contributorId":61198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yu","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bonnefond, J.-M.","contributorId":70956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonnefond","given":"J.-M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chen, J.","contributorId":104634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Davis, K.","contributorId":54920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Desai, A.R.","contributorId":28835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Desai","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Goldstein, Allen H.","contributorId":7452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gianelle, D.","contributorId":47205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gianelle","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Rossi, F.","contributorId":103123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rossi","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Suyker, A.E.","contributorId":42051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suyker","given":"A.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Verma, S.B.","contributorId":103890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verma","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70037056,"text":"70037056 - 2010 - Population dynamics of American horseshoe crabs-historic climatic events and recent anthropogenic pressures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037056","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population dynamics of American horseshoe crabs-historic climatic events and recent anthropogenic pressures","docAbstract":"Populations of the American horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus, have declined, but neither the causes nor the magnitude are fully understood. In order to evaluate historic demography, variation at 12 microsatellite DNA loci surveyed in 1218 L. polyphemus sampled from 28 localities was analysed with Bayesian coalescent-based methods. The analysis showed strong declines in population sizes throughout the species' distribution except in the geographically isolated southern-most population in Mexico, where a strong increase in population size was inferred. Analyses suggested that demographic changes in the core of the distribution occurred in association with the recolonization after the Ice Age and also by anthropogenic effects, such as the past overharvest of the species for fertilizer or the current use of the animals as bait for American eel (Anguilla rostrata) and whelk (Busycon spp.) fisheries. This study highlights the importance of considering both climatic changes and anthropogenic effects in efforts to understand population dynamics-a topic which is highly relevant in the ongoing assessments of the effects of climate change and overharvest. ?? 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04732.x","issn":"09621083","usgsCitation":"Faurby, S., King, T., Obst, M., Hallerman, E., Pertoldi, C., and Funch, P., 2010, Population dynamics of American horseshoe crabs-historic climatic events and recent anthropogenic pressures: Molecular Ecology, v. 19, no. 15, p. 3088-3100, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04732.x.","startPage":"3088","endPage":"3100","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217158,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04732.x"},{"id":245079,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-06-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7d46e4b0c8380cd79e51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faurby, S.","contributorId":95291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faurby","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, T.L.","contributorId":93416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Obst, M.","contributorId":24596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obst","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hallerman, E.M.","contributorId":23671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hallerman","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pertoldi, C.","contributorId":21378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pertoldi","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Funch, P.","contributorId":91335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funch","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70037122,"text":"70037122 - 2010 - Extraction of in situ cosmogenic 14C from olivine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037122","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3225,"text":"Radiocarbon","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extraction of in situ cosmogenic 14C from olivine","docAbstract":"Chemical pretreatment and extraction techniques have been developed previously to extract in situ cosmogenic radiocarbon (in situ 14C) from quartz and carbonate. These minerals can be found in most environments on Earth, but are usually absent from mafic terrains. To fill this gap, we conducted numerous experiments aimed at extracting in situ 14C from olivine ((Fe,Mg)2SiO4). We were able to extract a stable and reproducible in situ 14C component from olivine using stepped heating and a lithium metaborate (LiBO2) flux, following treatment with dilute HNO3 over a variety of experimental conditions. However, measured concentrations for samples from the Tabernacle Hill basalt flow (17.3 ?? 0.3 ka4) in central Utah and the McCarty's basalt flow (3.0 ?? 0.2 ka) in western New Mexico were significantly lower than expected based on exposure of olivine in our samples to cosmic rays at each site. The source of the discrepancy is not clear. We speculate that in situ 14C atoms may not have been released from Mg-rich crystal lattices (the olivine composition at both sites was ~Fo65Fa35). Alternatively, a portion of the 14C atoms released from the olivine grains may have become trapped in synthetic spinel-like minerals that were created in the olivine-flux mixture during the extraction process, or were simply retained in the mixture itself. Regardless, the magnitude of the discrepancy appears to be inversely proportional to the Fe/(Fe+Mg) ratio of the olivine separates. If we apply a simple correction factor based on the chemical composition of the separates, then corrected in situ 14C concentrations are similar to theoretical values at both sites. At this time, we do not know if this agreement is fortuitous or real. Future research should include measurement of in situ 14C concentrations in olivine from known-age basalt flows with different chemical compositions (i.e. more Fe-rich) to determine if this correction is robust for all olivine-bearing rocks. ?? 2010 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Radiocarbon","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00338222","usgsCitation":"Pigati, J., Lifton, N., Jull, A.T., and Quade, J., 2010, Extraction of in situ cosmogenic 14C from olivine: Radiocarbon, v. 52, no. 3, p. 1244-1260.","startPage":"1244","endPage":"1260","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245114,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e5ee4b0c8380cd533ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pigati, J.S.","contributorId":80486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pigati","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lifton, N.A.","contributorId":9090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lifton","given":"N.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jull, A.J. Timothy","contributorId":53629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jull","given":"A.J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Timothy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Quade, Jay","contributorId":22108,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quade","given":"Jay","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":459489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037174,"text":"70037174 - 2010 - A new capture fraction method to map how pumpage affects surface water flow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:07","indexId":"70037174","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A new capture fraction method to map how pumpage affects surface water flow","docAbstract":"All groundwater pumped is balanced by removal of water somewhere, initially from storage in the aquifer and later from capture in the form of increase in recharge and decrease in discharge. Capture that results in a loss of water in streams, rivers, and wetlands now is a concern in many parts of the United States. Hydrologists commonly use analytical and numerical approaches to study temporal variations in sources of water to wells for select points of interest. Much can be learned about coupled surface/groundwater systems, however, by looking at the spatial distribution of theoretical capture for select times of interest. Development of maps of capture requires (1) a reasonably well-constructed transient or steady state model of an aquifer with head-dependent flow boundaries representing surface water features or evapotranspiration and (2) an automated procedure to run the model repeatedly and extract results, each time with a well in a different location. This paper presents new methods for simulating and mapping capture using three-dimensional groundwater flow models and presents examples from Arizona, Oregon, and Michigan. Journal compilation ?? 2010 National Ground Water Association. No claim to original US government works.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00701.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Leake, S.A., Reeves, H.W., and Dickinson, J., 2010, A new capture fraction method to map how pumpage affects surface water flow: Ground Water, v. 48, no. 5, p. 690-700, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00701.x.","startPage":"690","endPage":"700","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244962,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217051,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00701.x"}],"volume":"48","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e49de4b0c8380cd4677f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leake, S. A.","contributorId":52164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leake","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reeves, H. W.","contributorId":53739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dickinson, J.E.","contributorId":28790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickinson","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70037055,"text":"70037055 - 2010 - Striped Bass, morone saxatilis, egg incubation in large volume jars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037055","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2574,"text":"Journal of the World Aquaculture Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Striped Bass, morone saxatilis, egg incubation in large volume jars","docAbstract":"The standard McDonald jar was compared with a large volume jar for striped bass, Morone saxatilis, egg incubation. The McDonald jar measured 16 cm in diameter by 45 cm in height and had a volume of 6 L. The experimental jar measured 0.4 m in diameter by 1.3 m in height and had a volume of 200 L. The hypothesis is that there is no difference in percent survival of fry hatched in experimental jars compared with McDonald jars. Striped bass brood fish were collected from the Coosa River and spawned using the dry spawn method of fertilization. Four McDonald jars were stocked with approximately 150 g of eggs each. Post-hatch survival was estimated at 48, 96, and 144 h. Stocking rates resulted in an average egg loading rate (??1 SE) in McDonald jars of 21.9 ?? 0.03 eggs/mL and in experimental jars of 10.9 ?? 0.57 eggs/mL. The major finding of this study was that average fry survival was 37.3 ?? 4.49% for McDonald jars and 34.2 ?? 3.80% for experimental jars. Although survival in experimental jars was slightly less than in McDonald jars, the effect of container volume on survival to 48 h (F = 6.57; df = 1,5; P > 0.05), 96 h (F = 0.02; df = 1, 4; P > 0.89), and 144 h (F = 3.50; df = 1, 4; P > 0.13) was not statistically significant. Mean survival between replicates ranged from 14.7 to 60.1% in McDonald jars and from 10.1 to 54.4% in experimental jars. No effect of initial stocking rate on survival (t = 0.06; df = 10; P > 0.95) was detected. Experimental jars allowed for incubation of a greater number of eggs in less than half the floor space of McDonald jars. As hatchery production is often limited by space or water supply, experimental jars offer an alternative to extending spawning activities, thereby reducing labor and operations cost. As survival was similar to McDonald jars, the experimental jar is suitable for striped bass egg incubation. ?? Copyright by the World Aquaculture Society 2010.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the World Aquaculture Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1749-7345.2010.00404.x","issn":"08938849","usgsCitation":"Harper, C., Wrege, B., and Jeffery, I., 2010, Striped Bass, morone saxatilis, egg incubation in large volume jars: Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, v. 41, no. 4, p. 633-639, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2010.00404.x.","startPage":"633","endPage":"639","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217133,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2010.00404.x"},{"id":245052,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9b73e4b08c986b31cec8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harper, C.J.","contributorId":107531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harper","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wrege, B.M.","contributorId":100405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wrege","given":"B.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jeffery, Isely J.","contributorId":15044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jeffery","given":"Isely J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70037052,"text":"70037052 - 2010 - Reactive transport modeling to study changes in water chemistry induced by CO2 injection at the Frio-I Brine Pilot","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037052","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reactive transport modeling to study changes in water chemistry induced by CO2 injection at the Frio-I Brine Pilot","docAbstract":"To demonstrate the potential for geologic storage of CO2 in saline aquifers, the Frio-I Brine Pilot was conducted, during which 1600 tons of CO2 were injected into a high-permeability sandstone and the resulting subsurface plume of CO2 was monitored using a variety of hydrogeological, geophysical, and geochemical techniques. Fluid samples were obtained before CO2 injection for baseline geochemical characterization, during the CO2 injection to track its breakthrough at a nearby observation well, and after injection to investigate changes in fluid composition and potential leakage into an overlying zone. Following CO2 breakthrough at the observation well, brine samples showed sharp drops in pH, pronounced increases in HCO3- and aqueous Fe, and significant shifts in the isotopic compositions of H2O and dissolved inorganic carbon. Based on a calibrated 1-D radial flow model, reactive transport modeling was performed for the Frio-I Brine Pilot. A simple kinetic model of Fe release from the solid to aqueous phase was developed, which can reproduce the observed increases in aqueous Fe concentration. Brine samples collected after half a year had lower Fe concentrations due to carbonate precipitation, and this trend can be also captured by our modeling. The paper provides a method for estimating potential mobile Fe inventory, and its bounding concentration in the storage formation from limited observation data. Long-term simulations show that the CO2 plume gradually spreads outward due to capillary forces, and the gas saturation gradually decreases due to its dissolution and precipitation of carbonates. The gas phase is predicted to disappear after 500 years. Elevated aqueous CO2 concentrations remain for a longer time, but eventually decrease due to carbonate precipitation. For the Frio-I Brine Pilot, all injected CO2 could ultimately be sequestered as carbonate minerals. ?? 2010 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.01.006","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Xu, T., Kharaka, Y., Doughty, C., Freifeld, B., and Daley, T., 2010, Reactive transport modeling to study changes in water chemistry induced by CO2 injection at the Frio-I Brine Pilot: Chemical Geology, v. 271, no. 3-4, p. 153-164, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.01.006.","startPage":"153","endPage":"164","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475780,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/981745","text":"External Repository"},{"id":217101,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.01.006"},{"id":245018,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"271","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a958ae4b0c8380cd81aa8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xu, T.","contributorId":31236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kharaka, Y.K.","contributorId":23568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kharaka","given":"Y.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doughty, C.","contributorId":41202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doughty","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Freifeld, B.M.","contributorId":21753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freifeld","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Daley, T.M.","contributorId":34708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daley","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70037081,"text":"70037081 - 2010 - Trends and drivers of marine debris on the Atlantic coast of the United States 1997-2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037081","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trends and drivers of marine debris on the Atlantic coast of the United States 1997-2007","docAbstract":"For the first time, we documented regional differences in amounts and long-term trends of marine debris along the US Atlantic coast. The Southeast Atlantic had low land-based and general-source debris loads as well as no increases despite a 19% increase in coastal population. The Northeast (8% population increase) also had low land-based and general-source debris loads and no increases. The Mid-Atlantic (10% population increase) fared the worst, with heavy land-based and general-source debris loads that increased over time. Ocean-based debris did not change in the Northeast where the fishery is relatively stable; it declined over the Mid-Atlantic and Southeast and was correlated with declining regional fisheries. Drivers, including human population, land use status, fishing activity, and oceanic current systems, had complex relationships with debris loads at local and regional scales. Management challenges remain undeniably large but solid information from long-term programs is one key to addressing this pressing pollution issue. ?? 2010.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.03.021","issn":"0025326X","usgsCitation":"Ribic, C., Sheavly, S., Rugg, D., and Erdmann, E.S., 2010, Trends and drivers of marine debris on the Atlantic coast of the United States 1997-2007: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 60, no. 8, p. 1231-1242, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.03.021.","startPage":"1231","endPage":"1242","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217044,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.03.021"},{"id":244955,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb7d0e4b08c986b3274ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ribic, C. A. 0000-0003-2583-1778","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2583-1778","contributorId":6026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ribic","given":"C. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sheavly, S.B.","contributorId":80933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheavly","given":"S.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rugg, D.J.","contributorId":7941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rugg","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Erdmann, Eric S.","contributorId":97743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erdmann","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037175,"text":"70037175 - 2010 - Recorded motions of the 6 April 2009 Mw 6.3 L'Aquila, Italy, earthquake and implications for building structural damage: Overview","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-14T13:17:57","indexId":"70037175","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recorded motions of the 6 April 2009 Mw 6.3 L'Aquila, Italy, earthquake and implications for building structural damage: Overview","docAbstract":"The normal-faulting earthquake of 6 April 2009 in the Abruzzo Region of central Italy caused heavy losses of life and substantial damage to centuriesold buildings of significant cultural importance and to modern reinforcedconcrete- framed buildings with hollow masonry infill walls. Although structural deficiencies were significant and widespread, the study of the characteristics of strong motion data from the heavily affected area indicated that the short duration of strong shaking may have spared many more damaged buildings from collapsing. It is recognized that, with this caveat of shortduration shaking, the infill walls may have played a very important role in preventing further deterioration or collapse of many buildings. It is concluded that better new or retrofit construction practices that include reinforcedconcrete shear walls may prove helpful in reducing risks in such seismic areas of Italy, other Mediterranean countries, and even in United States, where there are large inventories of deficient structures. ?? 2010, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earthquake Spectra","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1193/1.3450317","issn":"87552930","usgsCitation":"Çelebi, M., Bazzurro, P., Chiaraluce, L., Clemente, P., Decanini, L., Desortis, A., Ellsworth, W., Gorini, A., Kalkan, E., Marcucci, S., Milana, G., Mollaioli, F., Olivieri, M., Paolucci, R., Rinaldis, D., Rovelli, A., Sabetta, F., and Stephens, C., 2010, Recorded motions of the 6 April 2009 Mw 6.3 L'Aquila, Italy, earthquake and implications for building structural damage: Overview: Earthquake Spectra, v. 26, no. 3, p. 651-684, 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The Common Snapping Turtle (Chelydra serpentine) is considered a major predator of waterfowl and other aquatic birds, but the evidence for this reputation is based largely on circumstantial or indirect evidence rather than direct observations. 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Aquatic macrophyte communities were assessed in 53 lakes in Wisconsin, U.S.A. along environmental and land use development gradients to determine effects human land use perturbations have on aquatic macrophytes at the watershed and riparian development scales. Species richness and relative frequency were surveyed in lakes from two ecoregions: the Northern Lakes and Forests Ecoregion and the Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plain Ecoregion. Lakes were selected along a gradient of watershed development ranging from undeveloped (i.e., forested), to agricultural to urban development. Land uses occurring in the watershed and in perimeters of different width (0–100, 0–200, 0–500, and 0–1000 m from shore, in the watershed) were used to assess effects on macrophyte communities. Snorkel and SCUBA were used to survey aquatic macrophyte species in 18 quadrats of 0.25 m2 along 14 transects placed perpendicular to shore in each lake. Effects of watershed development (e.g., agriculture and/or urban) were tested at whole-lake (entire littoral zone) and near-shore (within 7 m of shore) scales using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and linear regression. Overall, species richness was negatively related to watershed development, while frequencies of individual species and groups differed in level of response to different land use perturbations. Effects of land use in the perimeters on macrophytes, with a few exceptions, did not provide higher correlations compared to land use at the watershed scale. In lakes with higher total watershed development levels, introduced species, particularly Myriophyllumspicatum, increased in abundance and native species, especially potamids, isoetids, and floating-leaved plants, declined in abundance. Correlations within the northern and southeastern ecoregions separately were not significant. Multivariate analyses suggested species composition is driven by environmental responses as well as human development pressures. Both water chemistry and land use variables loaded positively with the first CCA axis indicating that these factors are correlated. Land use pressures in Wisconsin are greater in the southeastern portion of the state where lakes have higher concentrations of water chemistry variables including alkalinity, conductivity, pH, calcium, magnesium, and nitrogen. This creates a complex gradient that influences species composition of macrophyte communities from lake to lake.

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