{"pageNumber":"1934","pageRowStart":"48325","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70037529,"text":"70037529 - 2010 - An analysis of the carbon balance of the Arctic Basin from 1997 to 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-04T11:12:06","indexId":"70037529","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3528,"text":"Tellus, Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An analysis of the carbon balance of the Arctic Basin from 1997 to 2006","docAbstract":"<p>This study used several model-based tools to analyse the dynamics of the Arctic Basin between 1997 and 2006 as a linked system of land-ocean-atmosphere C exchange. The analysis estimates that terrestrial areas of the Arctic Basin lost 62.9 Tg C yr<sup>-1</sup> and that the Arctic Ocean gained 94.1 Tg C yr<sup>-1</sup>. Arctic lands and oceans were a net CO<sub>2</sub> sink of 108.9 Tg C yr<sup>-1</sup>, which is within the range of uncertainty in estimates from atmospheric inversions. Although both lands and oceans of the Arctic were estimated to be CO<sub>2</sub> sinks, the land sink diminished in strength because of increased fire disturbance compared to previous decades, while the ocean sink increased in strength because of increased biological pump activity associated with reduced sea ice cover. Terrestrial areas of the Arctic were a net source of 41.5 Tg CH<sub>4</sub> yr<sup>-1</sup> that increased by 0.6 Tg CH<sub>4</sub> yr<sup>-1</sup> during the decade of analysis, a magnitude that is comparable with an atmospheric inversion of CH<sub>4</sub>. Because the radiative forcing of the estimated CH<sub>4</sub> emissions is much greater than the CO<sub>2</sub> sink, the analysis suggests that the Arctic Basin is a substantial net source of green house gas forcing to the climate system.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Tellus, Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Munksgaard","publisherLocation":"Copenhagen","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0889.2010.00497.x","issn":"02806509","usgsCitation":"McGuire, A., Hayes, D., Kicklighter, D., Manizza, M., Zhuang, Q., Chen, M., Follows, M., Gurney, K., McClelland, J., Melillo, J.M., Peterson, B.J., and Prinn, R., 2010, An analysis of the carbon balance of the Arctic Basin from 1997 to 2006: Tellus, Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, v. 62, no. 5, p. 455-474, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2010.00497.x.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"455","endPage":"474","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475908,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2010.00497.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217985,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2010.00497.x"},{"id":245960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Arctic Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -299.53125,\n              60.23981116999893\n            ],\n            [\n              -299.53125,\n              84.95930495623836\n            ],\n            [\n              85.078125,\n              84.95930495623836\n            ],\n            [\n              85.078125,\n              60.23981116999893\n            ],\n            [\n              -299.53125,\n              60.23981116999893\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"62","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e9f4e4b0c8380cd48550","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayes, D.J.","contributorId":56074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kicklighter, D. W.","contributorId":31537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kicklighter","given":"D. W.","affiliations":[{"id":13627,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":461456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Manizza, M.","contributorId":18210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manizza","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zhuang, Q.","contributorId":40772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhuang","given":"Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chen, M.","contributorId":73417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Follows, M.J.","contributorId":49217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Follows","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gurney, K.R.","contributorId":102310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gurney","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"McClelland, J.W.","contributorId":62015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClelland","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Melillo, J. M.","contributorId":73139,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melillo","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Peterson, B. J.","contributorId":53749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Prinn, R.G.","contributorId":26861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prinn","given":"R.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70037482,"text":"70037482 - 2010 - Survival of foul-hooked largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:09","indexId":"70037482","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2299,"text":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival of foul-hooked largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)","docAbstract":"We conducted a field experiment to determine the survival rate of foul-hooked (hooked external to the oral cavity) largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) caught and released by recreational anglers. Of 42 largemouth bass caught with hard-plastic baits containing three treble hooks, 15 were hooked only within the mouth and 27 had at least one hook penetrating the external surface of the fish (i.e., foul-hooked). There was no difference in survival of mouth-hooked (100%), foul-hooked (100%), or control (100%) largemouth bass.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"02705060","usgsCitation":"Pope, K., and Wilde, G., 2010, Survival of foul-hooked largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides): Journal of Freshwater Ecology, v. 25, no. 1, p. 135-139.","startPage":"135","endPage":"139","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245044,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba2cfe4b08c986b31f99b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pope, K.L.","contributorId":20454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilde, G.R.","contributorId":54799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilde","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037670,"text":"70037670 - 2010 - Transmission and reassortment of avian influenza viruses at the Asian-North American interface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-10T10:30:27","indexId":"70037670","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3696,"text":"Virology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transmission and reassortment of avian influenza viruses at the Asian-North American interface","docAbstract":"<p>Twenty avian influenza viruses were isolated from seven wild migratory bird species sampled at St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. We tested predictions based on previous phylogenetic analyses of avian influenza viruses that support spatially dependent trans-hemispheric gene flow and frequent interspecies transmission at a location situated at the Asian&ndash;North American interface. Through the application of phylogenetic and genotypic approaches, our data support functional dilution by distance of trans-hemispheric reassortants and interspecific virus transmission. Our study confirms infection of divergent avian taxa with nearly identical avian influenza strains in the wild. Findings also suggest that H16N3 viruses may contain gene segments with unique phylogenetic positions and that further investigation of how host specificity may impact transmission of H13 and H16 viruses is warranted.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.virol.2010.07.031","issn":"00426822","usgsCitation":"Ramey, A.M., Pearce, J.M., Ely, C.R., Guy, L.M., Irons, D.B., Derksen, D.V., and Ip, S., 2010, Transmission and reassortment of avian influenza viruses at the Asian-North American interface: Virology, v. 406, no. 2, p. 352-359, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2010.07.031.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"352","endPage":"359","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475871,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2010.07.031","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246033,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218053,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2010.07.031"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"St Lawrence Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -171.7822265625,\n              63.704722429433225\n            ],\n            [\n              -171.38671874999997,\n              63.213829705155625\n            ],\n            [\n              -169.013671875,\n              62.75472592723178\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.22265625,\n              63.27318217465046\n            ],\n            [\n              -170.595703125,\n              63.78248603116502\n            ],\n            [\n              -171.7822265625,\n              63.704722429433225\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"406","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb725e4b08c986b3270a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ely, Craig R. 0000-0003-4262-0892 cely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-0892","contributorId":3214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"Craig","email":"cely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guy, Lisa M. Sheffield","contributorId":14234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guy","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"M. Sheffield","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Irons, David B.","contributorId":63658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irons","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Derksen, Dirk V. dderksen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derksen","given":"Dirk","email":"dderksen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ip, S. 0000-0003-4844-7533 hip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4844-7533","contributorId":727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ip","given":"S.","email":"hip@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70037481,"text":"70037481 - 2010 - Three-dimensional long-period groundmotion simulations in the upper Mississippi embayment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:09","indexId":"70037481","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Three-dimensional long-period groundmotion simulations in the upper Mississippi embayment","docAbstract":"We employed a 3D velocity model and 3D wave propagation code to simulate long-period ground motions in the upper Mississippi embayment. This region is at risk from large earthquakes in the New Madrid seismic zone (NMSZ) and observational data are sparse, making simulation a valuable tool for predicting the effects of large events. We undertook these simulations to estimate the magnitude of shaking likely to occur and to investigate the influence of the 3D embayment structure and finite-fault mechanics on ground motions. There exist three primary fault zones in the NMSZ, each of which was likely associated with one of the main shocks of the 1811-12 earthquake triplet. For this study, three simulations have been conducted on each major segment, exploring the impact of different epicentral locations and rupture directions on ground motions. The full wave field up to a frequency of 0.5 Hz is computed on a 200 ?? 200 ?? 50-km <sup>3</sup> volume using a staggered-grid finite-difference code. Peak horizontal velocity and bracketed durations were calculated at the free surface. The NMSZ simulations indicate that for the considered bandwidth, finite-fault mechanics such as fault proximity, directivity effect, and slip distribution exert the most control on ground motions. The 3D geologic structure of the upper Mississippi embayment also influences ground motion with indications that amplification is induced by the sharp velocity contrast at the basin edge.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Seismological Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.81.2.391","issn":"08950695","usgsCitation":"Macpherson, K., Woolery, E., Wang, Z., and Liu, P., 2010, Three-dimensional long-period groundmotion simulations in the upper Mississippi embayment: Seismological Research Letters, v. 81, no. 2, p. 391-405, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.81.2.391.","startPage":"391","endPage":"405","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217126,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.81.2.391"},{"id":245043,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"81","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb330e4b08c986b325c3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Macpherson, K.A.","contributorId":81725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macpherson","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woolery, E.W.","contributorId":53548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woolery","given":"E.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, Z.","contributorId":67976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liu, P.","contributorId":98443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037480,"text":"70037480 - 2010 - An approach to quantify sources, seasonal change, and biogeochemical processes affecting metal loading in streams: Facilitating decisions for remediation of mine drainage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-09T10:16:02","indexId":"70037480","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An approach to quantify sources, seasonal change, and biogeochemical processes affecting metal loading in streams: Facilitating decisions for remediation of mine drainage","docAbstract":"Historical mining has left complex problems in catchments throughout the world. Land managers are faced with making cost-effective plans to remediate mine influences. Remediation plans are facilitated by spatial mass-loading profiles that indicate the locations of metal mass-loading, seasonal changes, and the extent of biogeochemical processes. Field-scale experiments during both low- and high-flow conditions and time-series data over diel cycles illustrate how this can be accomplished. A low-flow experiment provided spatially detailed loading profiles to indicate where loading occurred. For example, SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2 -</sup> was principally derived from sources upstream from the study reach, but three principal locations also were important for SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2 -</sup> loading within the reach. During high-flow conditions, Lagrangian sampling provided data to interpret seasonal changes and indicated locations where snowmelt runoff flushed metals to the stream. Comparison of metal concentrations between the low- and high-flow experiments indicated substantial increases in metal loading at high flow, but little change in metal concentrations, showing that toxicity at the most downstream sampling site was not substantially greater during snowmelt runoff. During high-flow conditions, a detailed temporal sampling at fixed sites indicated that Zn concentration more than doubled during the diel cycle. Monitoring programs must account for diel variation to provide meaningful results. Mass-loading studies during different flow conditions and detailed time-series over diel cycles provide useful scientific support for stream management decisions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.02.005","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Kimball, B.A., Runkel, R., and Walton-Day, K., 2010, An approach to quantify sources, seasonal change, and biogeochemical processes affecting metal loading in streams: Facilitating decisions for remediation of mine drainage: Applied Geochemistry, v. 25, no. 5, p. 728-740, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.02.005.","startPage":"728","endPage":"740","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217125,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.02.005"},{"id":245042,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea0ce4b0c8380cd485d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kimball, B. A.","contributorId":87583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kimball","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Runkel, R.L.","contributorId":97529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"R.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walton-Day, K.","contributorId":14054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walton-Day","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037593,"text":"70037593 - 2010 - Report of the COSPAR mars special regions colloquium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:01","indexId":"70037593","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":661,"text":"Advances in Space Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Report of the COSPAR mars special regions colloquium","docAbstract":"In this paper we present the findings of a COSPAR Mars Special Regions Colloquium held in Rome in 2007. We review and discuss the definition of Mars Special Regions, the physical parameters used to define Mars Special Regions, and physical features on Mars that can be interpreted as Mars Special Regions. We conclude that any region experiencing temperatures > -25 ??C for a few hours a year and a water activity > 0.5 can potentially allow the replication of terrestrial microorganisms. Physical features on Mars that can be interpreted as meeting these conditions constitute a Mars Special Region. Based on current knowledge of the martian environment and the conservative nature of planetary protection, the following features constitute Mars Special regions: Gullies and bright streaks associated with them, pasted-on terrain, deep subsurface, dark streaks only on a case-by-case basis, others to be determined. The parameter definition and the associated list of physical features should be re-evaluated on a regular basis. ?? 2010 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advances in Space Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2010.04.039","issn":"02731177","usgsCitation":"Kminek, G., Rummel, J., Cockell, C., Atlas, R., Barlow, N., Beaty, D., Boynton, W., Carr, M., Clifford, S., Conley, C., Davila, A., Debus, A., Doran, P., Hecht, M., Heldmann, J., Helbert, J., Hipkin, V., Horneck, G., Kieft, T.L., Klingelhoefer, G., Meyer, M., Newsom, H., Ori, G., Parnell, J., Prieur, D., Raulin, F., Schulze-Makuch, D., Spry, J., Stabekis, P., Stackebrandt, E., Vago, J., Viso, M., Voytek, M., Wells, L., and Westall, F., 2010, Report of the COSPAR mars special regions colloquium: Advances in Space Research, v. 46, no. 6, p. 811-829, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2010.04.039.","startPage":"811","endPage":"829","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217974,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object 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C.S.","contributorId":66830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cockell","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Atlas, R.","contributorId":15869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atlas","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barlow, N.","contributorId":73393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Beaty, D.","contributorId":62443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beaty","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Boynton, W.","contributorId":10595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boynton","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Carr, M.","contributorId":105845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Clifford, S.","contributorId":88987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clifford","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Conley, C.A.","contributorId":51583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conley","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Davila, A.F.","contributorId":76575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davila","given":"A.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Debus, A.","contributorId":97359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Debus","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Doran, P.","contributorId":76120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doran","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Hecht, M.","contributorId":55191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hecht","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Heldmann, J.","contributorId":9896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heldmann","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Helbert, J.","contributorId":89753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helbert","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Hipkin, V.","contributorId":29187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hipkin","given":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Horneck, G.","contributorId":66104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horneck","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Kieft, Thomas L.","contributorId":48765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kieft","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7026,"text":"New Mexico Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":461805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Klingelhoefer, G.","contributorId":29177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klingelhoefer","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Meyer, M.","contributorId":92835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Newsom, H.","contributorId":98934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newsom","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Ori, G.G.","contributorId":50352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ori","given":"G.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Parnell, J.","contributorId":24100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parnell","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Prieur, D.","contributorId":18209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prieur","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Raulin, F.","contributorId":82566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raulin","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Schulze-Makuch, D.","contributorId":62829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulze-Makuch","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Spry, J.A.","contributorId":26125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spry","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Stabekis, P.E.","contributorId":50387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stabekis","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29},{"text":"Stackebrandt, E.","contributorId":28107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stackebrandt","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":30},{"text":"Vago, J.","contributorId":73041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vago","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":31},{"text":"Viso, M.","contributorId":57700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Viso","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":32},{"text":"Voytek, M.","contributorId":24979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voytek","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":33},{"text":"Wells, L.","contributorId":107538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":34},{"text":"Westall, F.","contributorId":42817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westall","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":35}]}}
,{"id":70037382,"text":"70037382 - 2010 - In situ sulfur isotope analysis of sulfide minerals by SIMS: Precision and accuracy, with application to thermometry of ~3.5Ga Pilbara cherts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-14T08:39:46","indexId":"70037382","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In situ sulfur isotope analysis of sulfide minerals by SIMS: Precision and accuracy, with application to thermometry of ~3.5Ga Pilbara cherts","docAbstract":"Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) measurement of sulfur isotope ratios is a potentially powerful technique for in situ studies in many areas of Earth and planetary science. Tests were performed to evaluate the accuracy and precision of sulfur isotope analysis by SIMS in a set of seven well-characterized, isotopically homogeneous natural sulfide standards. The spot-to-spot and grain-to-grain precision for δ34S is ± 0.3‰ for chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite, and ± 0.2‰ for pyrite (2SD) using a 1.6 nA primary beam that was focused to 10 µm diameter with a Gaussian-beam density distribution. Likewise, multiple δ34S measurements within single grains of sphalerite are within ± 0.3‰. However, between individual sphalerite grains, δ34S varies by up to 3.4‰ and the grain-to-grain precision is poor (± 1.7‰, n = 20). Measured values of δ34S correspond with analysis pit microstructures, ranging from smooth surfaces for grains with high δ34S values, to pronounced ripples and terraces in analysis pits from grains featuring low δ34S values. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) shows that individual sphalerite grains are single crystals, whereas crystal orientation varies from grain-to-grain. The 3.4‰ variation in measured δ34S between individual grains of sphalerite is attributed to changes in instrumental bias caused by different crystal orientations with respect to the incident primary Cs+ beam. High δ34S values in sphalerite correlate to when the Cs+ beam is parallel to the set of directions < uuw>, from [111] to [110], which are preferred directions for channeling and focusing in diamond-centered cubic crystals. Crystal orientation effects on instrumental bias were further detected in galena. However, as a result of the perfect cleavage along {100} crushed chips of galena are typically cube-shaped and likely to be preferentially oriented, thus crystal orientation effects on instrumental bias may be obscured. Test were made to improve the analytical precision of δ34S in sphalerite, and the best results were achieved by either reducing the depth of the analysis pits using a Köhler illuminated primary beam, or by lowering the total impact energy from 20 keV to 13 keV. The resulting grain-to-grain precision in δ34S improves from ± 1.7‰ to better than 0.6‰ (2SD) in both procedures. With careful use of appropriate analytical conditions, the accuracy of SIMS analysis for δ34S approaches ± 0.3‰ (2SD) for chalcopyrite, pyrite and pyrrhotite and ± 0.6‰ for sphalerite. Measurements of δ34S in sub-20 µm grains of pyrite and sphalerite in ∼ 3.5 Ga cherts from the Pilbara craton, Western Australia show that this analytical technique is suitable for in situ sulfur isotope thermometry with ± 50 °C accuracy in appropriate samples, however, sulfides are not isotopically equilibrated in analyzed samples.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.05.015","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Kozdon, R., Kita, N., Huberty, J., Fournelle, J., Johnson, C.A., and Valley, J., 2010, In situ sulfur isotope analysis of sulfide minerals by SIMS: Precision and accuracy, with application to thermometry of ~3.5Ga Pilbara cherts: Chemical Geology, v. 275, no. 3-4, p. 243-253, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.05.015.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"243","endPage":"253","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217324,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.05.015"},{"id":245263,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"275","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39afe4b0c8380cd619e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kozdon, R.","contributorId":22164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kozdon","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kita, N.T.","contributorId":53202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kita","given":"N.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huberty, J.M.","contributorId":26910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huberty","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fournelle, J.H.","contributorId":90074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fournelle","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, C. A. 0000-0002-1334-2996","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1334-2996","contributorId":27492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"C.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Valley, J.W.","contributorId":28741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valley","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70037381,"text":"70037381 - 2010 - Temporal and spatial shifts in habitat use by Black Brant immediately following flightless molt","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-14T13:40:14","indexId":"70037381","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3784,"text":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal and spatial shifts in habitat use by Black Brant immediately following flightless molt","docAbstract":"Each year thousands of Pacific Black Brant (<i>Branta bernicla nigricans</i>) undergo flightless wing molt in the Teshekpuk Lake Special Area (TLSA), Alaska, in two distinct habitats: inland, freshwater lakes and coastal, brackish wetlands. Brant lose body mass during wing molt and likely must add reserves upon regaining flight to help fuel their 2,500 km migration to autumn staging areas. We characterized movements and habitat use by Brant during post-molt (the period immediately following the recovery of flight) by (1) marking individual Brant with GPS (global positioning system) transmitters, and (2) conducting a series of replicate aerial surveys. Individuals molting in inland habitats promptly abandoned their molt wetland during the post-molt and moved into coastal habitats. Consequently, inland habitats were nearly deserted by early August when Brant had regained flight, a decrease of >5,000 individuals from the flightless period of early July. Conversely, coastal molting Brant largely remained in coastal habitats during the post-molt and many coastal wetlands were occupied by large flocks (>1,000 birds). Our results indicate that inland, freshwater wetlands were less suitable post-molt habitats for Brant, while coastal wetlands were preferred as they transitioned from flightless molt. The immediacy with which Brant vacated inland habitats upon regaining flight suggests that food may be limiting during molt and they are not selecting inland molt sites strictly for food resources, but rather a balance of factors including predator avoidance and acquisition of protein for feather growth. Our data clearly demonstrate that patterns of habitat use by Brant in the TLSA change over the course of the molt season, an important consideration for management of future resource development activities in this area.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Wilson Ornithological Society","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.1676/09-114.1","issn":"15594491","usgsCitation":"Lewis, T., Flint, P.L., Schmutz, J.A., and Derksen, D.V., 2010, Temporal and spatial shifts in habitat use by Black Brant immediately following flightless molt: Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 122, no. 3, p. 484-493, https://doi.org/10.1676/09-114.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"484","endPage":"493","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217323,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1676/09-114.1"},{"id":245262,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Teshekpuk Lake Special Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -153.6368,70.4992 ], [ -153.6368,70.9987 ], [ -151.8416,70.9987 ], [ -151.8416,70.4992 ], [ -153.6368,70.4992 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"122","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba4f2e4b08c986b3206bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, Tyler L.","contributorId":22904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewis","given":"Tyler L.","affiliations":[{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":460787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Derksen, Dirk V. dderksen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derksen","given":"Dirk","email":"dderksen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037532,"text":"70037532 - 2010 - Estimating aboveground biomass for broadleaf woody plants and young conifers in Sierra Nevada, California, forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-09T17:08:39.886939","indexId":"70037532","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3744,"text":"Western Journal of Applied Forestry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating aboveground biomass for broadleaf woody plants and young conifers in Sierra Nevada, California, forests","docAbstract":"<p><span>Quantification of biomass is fundamental to a wide range of research and natural resource management goals. An accurate estimation of plant biomass is essential to predict potential fire behavior, calculate carbon sequestration for global climate change research, assess critical wildlife habitat, and so forth. Reliable allometric equations from simple field measurements are necessary for efficient evaluation of plant biomass. However, allometric equations are not available for many common woody plant taxa in the Sierra Nevada. In this report, we present more than 200 regression equations for the Sierra Nevada western slope that relate crown diameter, plant height, crown volume, stem diameter, and both crown diameter and height to the dry weight of foliage, branches, and entire aboveground biomass. Destructive sampling methods resulted in regression equations that accurately predict biomass from one or two simple, nondestructive field measurements. The tables presented here will allow researchers and natural resource managers to easily choose the best equations to fit their biomass assessment needs.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford","doi":"10.1093/wjaf/25.4.203","issn":"08856095","usgsCitation":"McGinnis, T., Shook, C., and Keeley, J., 2010, Estimating aboveground biomass for broadleaf woody plants and young conifers in Sierra Nevada, California, forests: Western Journal of Applied Forestry, v. 25, no. 4, p. 203-209, https://doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/25.4.203.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"209","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":488091,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/25.4.203","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":383172,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United  States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada forests","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.5419921875,\n              39.2832938689385\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.34423828125,\n              38.57393751557591\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.99267578124999,\n              37.501010429493284\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.20166015625,\n              36.589068371399115\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.58642578124999,\n              35.64836915737426\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.510009765625,\n              35.65729624809628\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.99365234375,\n              35.7019167328534\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.30126953125,\n              36.56260003738545\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.5419921875,\n              39.2832938689385\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b06e4b0c8380cd52516","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGinnis, T.W.","contributorId":30949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGinnis","given":"T.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shook, C.D.","contributorId":50794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shook","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":69082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70156714,"text":"70156714 - 2010 - Estimating the empirical probability of submarine landslide occurrence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-21T14:49:00.332062","indexId":"70156714","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Estimating the empirical probability of submarine landslide occurrence","docAbstract":"<p><span>The empirical probability for the occurrence of submarine landslides at a given location can be estimated from age dates of past landslides. In this study, tools developed to estimate earthquake probability from paleoseismic horizons are adapted to estimate submarine landslide probability. In both types of estimates, one has to account for the uncertainty associated with age-dating individual events as well as the open time intervals before and after the observed sequence of landslides. For observed sequences of submarine landslides, we typically only have the age date of the youngest event and possibly of a seismic horizon that lies below the oldest event in a landslide sequence. We use an empirical Bayes analysis based on the Poisson-Gamma conjugate prior model specifically applied to the landslide probability problem. This model assumes that landslide events as imaged in geophysical data are independent and occur in time according to a Poisson distribution characterized by a rate parameter &lambda;. With this method, we are able to estimate the most likely value of &lambda; and, importantly, the range of uncertainty in this estimate. Examples considered include landslide sequences observed in the Santa Barbara Channel, California, and in Port Valdez, Alaska. We confirm that given the uncertainties of age dating that landslide complexes can be treated as single events by performing statistical test of age dates representing the main failure episode of the Holocene Storegga landslide complex.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Submarine mass movements and their consequences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-90-481-3071-9_31","usgsCitation":"Geist, E.L., and Parsons, T.E., 2010, Estimating the empirical probability of submarine landslide occurrence, chap. <i>of</i> Submarine mass movements and their consequences, v. 28, p. 377-386, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3071-9_31.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"377","endPage":"386","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-012863","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307584,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dee330e4b0518e354e080e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Mosher, David C.","contributorId":66118,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mosher","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":18105,"text":"University of New Hampshire, Durham","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570217,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shipp, Craig","contributorId":40522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shipp","given":"Craig","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570218,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moscardelli, Lorena","contributorId":147083,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moscardelli","given":"Lorena","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570219,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chaytor, Jason D. jchaytor@usgs.gov","contributorId":4961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaytor","given":"Jason D.","email":"jchaytor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":6706,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570220,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baxter, Christopher D. P.","contributorId":147084,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baxter","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"D. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570221,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lee, Homa J. hjlee@usgs.gov","contributorId":1021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Homa J.","email":"hjlee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":570222,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Urgeles, Roger","contributorId":147085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Urgeles","given":"Roger","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570223,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":7}],"authors":[{"text":"Geist, Eric L. 0000-0003-0611-1150 egeist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1150","contributorId":1956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"Eric","email":"egeist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parsons, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0582-4338 tparsons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0582-4338","contributorId":2314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"Thomas","email":"tparsons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037630,"text":"70037630 - 2010 - Site-occupancy distribution modeling to correct population-trend estimates derived from opportunistic observations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:06","indexId":"70037630","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Site-occupancy distribution modeling to correct population-trend estimates derived from opportunistic observations","docAbstract":"Species' assessments must frequently be derived from opportunistic observations made by volunteers (i.e., citizen scientists). Interpretation of the resulting data to estimate population trends is plagued with problems, including teasing apart genuine population trends from variations in observation effort. We devised a way to correct for annual variation in effort when estimating trends in occupancy (species distribution) from faunal or floral databases of opportunistic observations. First, for all surveyed sites, detection histories (i.e., strings of detection-nondetection records) are generated. Within-season replicate surveys provide information on the detectability of an occupied site. Detectability directly represents observation effort; hence, estimating detectablity means correcting for observation effort. Second, site-occupancy models are applied directly to the detection-history data set (i.e., without aggregation by site and year) to estimate detectability and species distribution (occupancy, i.e., the true proportion of sites where a species occurs). Site-occupancy models also provide unbiased estimators of components of distributional change (i.e., colonization and extinction rates). We illustrate our method with data from a large citizen-science project in Switzerland in which field ornithologists record opportunistic observations. We analyzed data collected on four species: the widespread Kingfisher (Alcedo atthis. ) and Sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus. ) and the scarce Rock Thrush (Monticola saxatilis. ) and Wallcreeper (Tichodroma muraria. ). Our method requires that all observed species are recorded. Detectability was <1 and varied over the years. Simulations suggested some robustness, but we advocate recording complete species lists (checklists), rather than recording individual records of single species. The representation of observation effort with its effect on detectability provides a solution to the problem of differences in effort encountered when extracting trend information from haphazard observations. We expect our method is widely applicable for global biodiversity monitoring and modeling of species distributions. ?? 2010 Society for Conservation Biology.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01479.x","issn":"08888892","usgsCitation":"Kery, M., Royle, J., Schmid, H., Schaub, M., Volet, B., Hafliger, G., and Zbinden, N., 2010, Site-occupancy distribution modeling to correct population-trend estimates derived from opportunistic observations: Conservation Biology, v. 24, no. 5, p. 1388-1397, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01479.x.","startPage":"1388","endPage":"1397","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218007,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01479.x"},{"id":245983,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b90fde4b08c986b319716","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kery, M.","contributorId":46637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kery","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":96221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmid, Hans","contributorId":19648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmid","given":"Hans","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schaub, M.","contributorId":70897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaub","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Volet, B.","contributorId":26554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Volet","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hafliger, G.","contributorId":26168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hafliger","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zbinden, N.","contributorId":78593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zbinden","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70037668,"text":"70037668 - 2010 - Comparison of thiaminase activity in fish using the radiometric and 4-nitrothiophenol colorimetric methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-29T19:19:02.5516","indexId":"70037668","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of thiaminase activity in fish using the radiometric and 4-nitrothiophenol colorimetric methods","docAbstract":"<h1>Notice</h1><p><strong>This publication has been retracted. See the <a data-mce-href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2022.05.005\" href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2022.05.005\">retraction notice</a>.</strong></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2010.07.005","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Honeyfield, D., Hanes, J., Brown, L., Kraft, C., and Begley, T., 2010, Comparison of thiaminase activity in fish using the radiometric and 4-nitrothiophenol colorimetric methods: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 36, no. 4, p. 641-645, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2010.07.005.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"641","endPage":"645","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475884,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6042866","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246017,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f8b1e4b0c8380cd4d22b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Honeyfield, D. C. 0000-0003-3034-2047","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3034-2047","contributorId":73136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Honeyfield","given":"D. C.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":462197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanes, J.W.","contributorId":62867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanes","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, L. 0000-0001-6702-4531","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":56995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kraft, C.E.","contributorId":80610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraft","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Begley, T.P.","contributorId":17078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Begley","given":"T.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70037631,"text":"70037631 - 2010 - Greenhouse gas mitigation can reduce sea-ice loss and increase polar bear persistence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-14T13:32:57","indexId":"70037631","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Greenhouse gas mitigation can reduce sea-ice loss and increase polar bear persistence","docAbstract":"<p>On the basis of projected losses of their essential sea-ice habitats, a United States Geological Survey research team concluded in 2007 that two-thirds of the worlds polar bears (Ursus maritimus) could disappear by mid-century if business-as-usual greenhouse gas emissions continue. That projection, however, did not consider the possible benefits of greenhouse gas mitigation. A key question is whether temperature increases lead to proportional losses of sea-ice habitat, or whether sea-ice cover crosses a tipping point and irreversibly collapses when temperature reaches a critical threshold. Such a tipping point would mean future greenhouse gas mitigation would confer no conservation benefits to polar bears. Here we show, using a general circulation model, that substantially more sea-ice habitat would be retained if greenhouse gas rise is mitigated. We also show, with Bayesian network model outcomes, that increased habitat retention under greenhouse gas mitigation means that polar bears could persist throughout the century in greater numbers and more areas than in the business-as-usual case. Our general circulation model outcomes did not reveal thresholds leading to irreversible loss of ice; instead, a linear relationship between global mean surface air temperature and sea-ice habitat substantiated the hypothesis that sea-ice thermodynamics can overcome albedo feedbacks proposed to cause sea-ice tipping points. Our outcomes indicate that rapid summer ice losses in models and observations represent increased volatility of a thinning sea-ice cover, rather than tipping-point behaviour. Mitigation-driven Bayesian network outcomes show that previously predicted declines in polar bear distribution and numbers are not unavoidable. Because polar bears are sentinels of the Arctic marine ecosystem and trends in their sea-ice habitats foreshadow future global changes, mitigating greenhouse gas emissions to improve polar bear status would have conservation benefits throughout and beyond the Arctic.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/nature09653","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Amstrup, S.C., Deweaver, E., Douglas, D., Marcot, B., Durner, G.M., Bitz, C., and Bailey, D., 2010, Greenhouse gas mitigation can reduce sea-ice loss and increase polar bear persistence: Nature, v. 468, no. 7326, p. 955-958, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09653.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"955","endPage":"958","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245999,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218022,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature09653"}],"volume":"468","issue":"7326","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2a6be4b0c8380cd5b171","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":462008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Deweaver, E.T.","contributorId":30489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deweaver","given":"E.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":150115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David C.","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marcot, B.G.","contributorId":102722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marcot","given":"B.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Durner, George M. 0000-0002-3370-1191 gdurner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3370-1191","contributorId":3576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durner","given":"George","email":"gdurner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bitz, C.M.","contributorId":58501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bitz","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bailey, D.A.","contributorId":47215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70037666,"text":"70037666 - 2010 - Solute and heat transport model of the Henry and Hilleke laboratory experiment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:35","indexId":"70037666","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Solute and heat transport model of the Henry and Hilleke laboratory experiment","docAbstract":"SEAWAT is a coupled version of MODFLOW and MT3DMS designed to simulate variable-density ground water flow and solute transport. The most recent version of SEAWAT, called SEAWAT Version 4, includes new capabilities to represent simultaneous multispecies solute and heat transport. To test the new features in SEAWAT, the laboratory experiment of Henry and Hilleke (1972) was simulated. Henry and Hilleke used warm fresh water to recharge a large sand-filled glass tank. A cold salt water boundary was represented on one side. Adjustable heating pads were used to heat the bottom and left sides of the tank. In the laboratory experiment, Henry and Hilleke observed both salt water and fresh water flow systems separated by a narrow transition zone. After minor tuning of several input parameters with a parameter estimation program, results from the SEAWAT simulation show good agreement with the experiment. SEAWAT results suggest that heat loss to the room was more than expected by Henry and Hilleke, and that multiple thermal convection cells are the likely cause of the widened transition zone near the hot end of the tank. Other computer programs with similar capabilities may benefit from benchmark testing with the Henry and Hilleke laboratory experiment. Journal Compilation ?? 2009 National Ground Water Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2009.00596.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Langevin, C., Dausman, A., and Sukop, M., 2010, Solute and heat transport model of the Henry and Hilleke laboratory experiment: Ground Water, v. 48, no. 5, p. 757-770, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2009.00596.x.","startPage":"757","endPage":"770","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246002,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218025,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2009.00596.x"}],"volume":"48","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b924ee4b08c986b319e1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langevin, C.D.","contributorId":25976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langevin","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dausman, A.M.","contributorId":99373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dausman","given":"A.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sukop, M.C.","contributorId":88468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sukop","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037665,"text":"70037665 - 2010 - Mercury in mosses Hylocomium splendens (Hedw.) B.S.G. and Pleurozium schreberi (Brid.) Mitt. from Poland and Alaska: Understanding the origin of pollution sources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:35","indexId":"70037665","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1480,"text":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury in mosses Hylocomium splendens (Hedw.) B.S.G. and Pleurozium schreberi (Brid.) Mitt. from Poland and Alaska: Understanding the origin of pollution sources","docAbstract":"This report shows baseline concentrations of mercury in the moss species Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi from the Kielce area and the remaining Holy Cross Mountains (HCM) region (south-central Poland), and Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve (Alaska) and Denali National Park and Preserve (Alaska). Like mosses from many European countries, Polish mosses were distinctly elevated in Hg, bearing a signature of cross-border atmospheric transport combined with local point sources. In contrast, Alaskan mosses showed lower Hg levels, reflecting mostly the underlying geology. Compared to HCM, Alaskan and Kielce mosses exhibited more uneven spatial distribution patterns of Hg. This variation is linked to topography and location of local point sources (Kielce) and underlying geology (Alaska). Both H. splendens and P. schreberi showed similar bioaccumulative capabilities of Hg in all four study areas. ?? 2010 Elsevier Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.06.015","issn":"01476513","usgsCitation":"Migaszewski, Z., Galuszka, A., Dole, O.S., Crock, J., and Lamothe, P.J., 2010, Mercury in mosses Hylocomium splendens (Hedw.) B.S.G. and Pleurozium schreberi (Brid.) Mitt. from Poland and Alaska: Understanding the origin of pollution sources: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, v. 73, no. 6, p. 1345-1351, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.06.015.","startPage":"1345","endPage":"1351","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246001,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218024,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.06.015"}],"volume":"73","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5414e4b0c8380cd6ce93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Migaszewski, Z.M.","contributorId":88907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Migaszewski","given":"Z.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Galuszka, A.","contributorId":16622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galuszka","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dole, ogonekgowska S.","contributorId":77399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dole","given":"ogonekgowska","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crock, J.G.","contributorId":58236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crock","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lamothe, P. J.","contributorId":45672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamothe","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70037664,"text":"70037664 - 2010 - The relationship between noise correlation and the Green's function in the presence of degeneracy and the absence of equipartition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:34","indexId":"70037664","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The relationship between noise correlation and the Green's function in the presence of degeneracy and the absence of equipartition","docAbstract":"Recent derivations have shown that when noise in a physical system has its energy equipartitioned into the modes of the system, there is a convenient relationship between the cross correlation of time-series recorded at two points and the Green's function of the system. Here, we show that even when energy is not fully equipartitioned and modes are allowed to be degenerate, a similar (though less general) property holds for equations with wave equation structure. This property can be used to understand why certain seismic noise correlation measurements are successful despite known degeneracy and lack of equipartition on the Earth. No claim to original US government works Journal compilation ?? 2010 RAS.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Journal International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04693.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Tsai, V., 2010, The relationship between noise correlation and the Green's function in the presence of degeneracy and the absence of equipartition: Geophysical Journal International, v. 182, no. 3, p. 1509-1514, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04693.x.","startPage":"1509","endPage":"1514","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475888,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2010.04693.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":218010,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04693.x"},{"id":245986,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"182","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf1ae4b08c986b32454f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tsai, V.C.","contributorId":41661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tsai","given":"V.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70037467,"text":"70037467 - 2010 - A comparison of multi-spectral, multi-angular, and multi-temporal remote sensing datasets for fractional shrub canopy mapping in Arctic Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037467","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of multi-spectral, multi-angular, and multi-temporal remote sensing datasets for fractional shrub canopy mapping in Arctic Alaska","docAbstract":"Shrub cover appears to be increasing across many areas of the Arctic tundra biome, and increasing shrub cover in the Arctic has the potential to significantly impact global carbon budgets and the global climate system. For most of the Arctic, however, there is no existing baseline inventory of shrub canopy cover, as existing maps of Arctic vegetation provide little information about the density of shrub cover at a moderate spatial resolution across the region. Remotely-sensed fractional shrub canopy maps can provide this necessary baseline inventory of shrub cover. In this study, we compare the accuracy of fractional shrub canopy (&gt; 0.5 m tall) maps derived from multi-spectral, multi-angular, and multi-temporal datasets from Landsat imagery at 30 m spatial resolution, Moderate Resolution Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MODIS) imagery at 250 m and 500 m spatial resolution, and MultiAngle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR) imagery at 275 m spatial resolution for a 1067 km<sup>2</sup> study area in Arctic Alaska. The study area is centered at 69 ??N, ranges in elevation from 130 to 770 m, is composed primarily of rolling topography with gentle slopes less than 10??, and is free of glaciers and perennial snow cover. Shrubs &gt; 0.5 m in height cover 2.9% of the study area and are primarily confined to patches associated with specific landscape features. Reference fractional shrub canopy is determined from in situ shrub canopy measurements and a high spatial resolution IKONOS image swath. Regression tree models are constructed to estimate fractional canopy cover at 250 m using different combinations of input data from Landsat, MODIS, and MISR. Results indicate that multi-spectral data provide substantially more accurate estimates of fractional shrub canopy cover than multi-angular or multi-temporal data. Higher spatial resolution datasets also provide more accurate estimates of fractional shrub canopy cover (aggregated to moderate spatial resolutions) than lower spatial resolution datasets, an expected result for a study area where most shrub cover is concentrated in narrow patches associated with rivers, drainages, and slopes. Including the middle infrared bands available from Landsat and MODIS in the regression tree models (in addition to the four standard visible and near-infrared spectral bands) typically results in a slight boost in accuracy. Including the multi-angular red band data available from MISR in the regression tree models, however, typically boosts accuracy more substantially, resulting in moderate resolution fractional shrub canopy estimates approaching the accuracy of estimates derived from the much higher spatial resolution Landsat sensor. Given the poor availability of snow and cloud-free Landsat scenes in many areas of the Arctic and the promising results demonstrated here by the MISR sensor, MISR may be the best choice for large area fractional shrub canopy mapping in the Alaskan Arctic for the period 2000-2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote Sensing of Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.012","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Selkowitz, D., 2010, A comparison of multi-spectral, multi-angular, and multi-temporal remote sensing datasets for fractional shrub canopy mapping in Arctic Alaska: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 114, no. 7, p. 1338-1352, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.012.","startPage":"1338","endPage":"1352","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217035,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.012"},{"id":244946,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e36fe4b0c8380cd45ff9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Selkowitz, D.J.","contributorId":82886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selkowitz","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70037661,"text":"70037661 - 2010 - Multivariate analysis of the geochemistry and mineralogy of soils along two continental-scale transects in North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:33","indexId":"70037661","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multivariate analysis of the geochemistry and mineralogy of soils along two continental-scale transects in North America","docAbstract":"Soils collected in 2004 along two North American continental-scale transects were subjected to geochemical and mineralogical analyses. In previous interpretations of these analyses, data were expressed in weight percent and parts per million, and thus were subject to the effect of the constant-sum phenomenon. In a new approach to the data, this effect was removed by using centered log-ratio transformations to 'open' the mineralogical and geochemical arrays. Multivariate analyses, including principal component and linear discriminant analyses, of the centered log-ratio data reveal the effects of soil-forming processes, including soil parent material, weathering, and soil age, at the continental-scale of the data arrays that were not readily apparent in the more conventionally presented data. Linear discriminant analysis of the data arrays indicates that the majority of the soil samples collected along the transects can be more successfully classified with Level 1 ecological regional-scale classification by the soil geochemistry than soil mineralogy. A primary objective of this study is to discover and describe, in a parsimonious way, geochemical processes that are both independent and inter-dependent and manifested through compositional data including estimates of the elements and corresponding mineralogy. ?? 2010.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of the Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.08.004","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Drew, L., Grunsky, E., Sutphin, D.M., and Woodruff, L.G., 2010, Multivariate analysis of the geochemistry and mineralogy of soils along two continental-scale transects in North America: Science of the Total Environment, v. 409, no. 1, p. 218-227, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.08.004.","startPage":"218","endPage":"227","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217996,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.08.004"},{"id":245971,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"409","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a60b5e4b0c8380cd7163a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drew, L.J.","contributorId":69157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drew","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grunsky, E.C.","contributorId":91718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grunsky","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sutphin, D. M.","contributorId":27424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutphin","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Woodruff, L. G.","contributorId":46999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodruff","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037471,"text":"70037471 - 2010 - Use of multiple dispersal pathways facilitates amphibian persistence in stream networks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:09","indexId":"70037471","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of multiple dispersal pathways facilitates amphibian persistence in stream networks","docAbstract":"Although populations of amphibians are declining worldwide, there is no evidence that salamanders occupying small streams are experiencing enigmatic declines, and populations of these species seem stable. Theory predicts that dispersal through multiple pathways can stabilize populations, preventing extinction in habitat networks. However, empirical data to support this prediction are absent for most species, especially those at risk of decline. Our mark-recapture study of stream salamanders reveals both a strong upstream bias in dispersal and a surprisingly high rate of overland dispersal to adjacent headwater streams. This evidence of route-dependent variation in dispersal rates suggests a spatial mechanism for population stability in headwater-stream salamanders. Our results link the movement behavior of stream salamanders to network topology, and they underscore the importance of identifying and protecting critical dispersal pathways when addressing region-wide population declines.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1000266107","issn":"00278424","usgsCitation":"Campbell, G.E., Nichols, J., Lowe, W., and Fagan, W., 2010, Use of multiple dispersal pathways facilitates amphibian persistence in stream networks: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 107, no. 15, p. 6936-6940, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1000266107.","startPage":"6936","endPage":"6940","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475843,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1000266107","text":"External Repository"},{"id":217065,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1000266107"},{"id":244977,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"107","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbf48e4b08c986b329a73","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, Grant E.H.","contributorId":44650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Grant","email":"","middleInitial":"E.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lowe, W.H.","contributorId":91961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowe","given":"W.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fagan, W.F.","contributorId":105829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagan","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70156846,"text":"70156846 - 2010 - Managing undesired and invading fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-09T16:18:44.837849","indexId":"70156846","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Managing undesired and invading fishes","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Inland fisheries management in North America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, Md.","doi":"10.47886/9781934874165.ch8","usgsCitation":"Kolar, C.S., Courtenay, W.R., and Nico, L.G., 2010, Managing undesired and invading fishes, chap. <i>of</i> Inland fisheries management in North America, p. 213-259, https://doi.org/10.47886/9781934874165.ch8.","productDescription":"47 p.","startPage":"213","endPage":"259","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-012119","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307748,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"3rd","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560bb6c6e4b058f706e53d4d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hubert, Wayne A.","contributorId":9325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubert","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570823,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quist, Michael C. mquist@usgs.gov","contributorId":4042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"Michael","email":"mquist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":350,"text":"Iowa Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":570824,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Kolar, Cindy S.","contributorId":82413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolar","given":"Cindy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Courtenay, Walter R. Jr.","contributorId":8930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Courtenay","given":"Walter","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nico, Leo G. 0000-0002-4488-7737 lnico@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4488-7737","contributorId":2913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nico","given":"Leo","email":"lnico@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":570822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037377,"text":"70037377 - 2010 - Reduced body size and cub recruitment in polar bears associated with sea ice decline","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T16:21:19","indexId":"70037377","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reduced body size and cub recruitment in polar bears associated with sea ice decline","docAbstract":"<p><span>Rates of reproduction and survival are dependent upon adequate body size and condition of individuals. Declines in size and condition have provided early indicators of population decline in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) near the southern extreme of their range. We tested whether patterns in body size, condition, and cub recruitment of polar bears in the southern Beaufort Sea of Alaska were related to the availability of preferred sea ice habitats and whether these measures and habitat availability exhibited trends over time, between 1982 and 2006. The mean skull size and body length of all polar bears over three years of age declined over time, corresponding with long‐term declines in the spatial and temporal availability of sea ice habitat. Body size of young, growing bears declined over time and was smaller after years when sea ice availability was reduced. Reduced litter mass and numbers of yearlings per female following years with lower availability of optimal sea ice habitat, suggest reduced reproductive output and juvenile survival. These results, based on analysis of a long‐term data set, suggest that declining sea ice is associated with nutritional limitations that reduced body size and reproduction in this population.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/08-1036.1","usgsCitation":"Rode, K.D., Amstrup, S.C., and Regehr, E.V., 2010, Reduced body size and cub recruitment in polar bears associated with sea ice decline: Ecological Applications, v. 20, no. 3, p. 768-782, https://doi.org/10.1890/08-1036.1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"768","endPage":"782","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245195,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a3c5e4b0e8fec6cdb97c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rode, Karyn D. 0000-0002-3328-8202 krode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3328-8202","contributorId":5053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rode","given":"Karyn","email":"krode@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":460761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Regehr, Eric V. 0000-0003-4487-3105","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4487-3105","contributorId":66364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regehr","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":12428,"text":"U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":460762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037519,"text":"70037519 - 2010 - Fire helps restore natural disturbance regime to benefit rare and endangered marsh birds endemic to the Colorado River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:01","indexId":"70037519","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fire helps restore natural disturbance regime to benefit rare and endangered marsh birds endemic to the Colorado River","docAbstract":"Large flood events were part of the historical disturbance regime within the lower basin of most large river systems around the world. Large flood events are now rare in the lower basins of most large river systems due to flood control structures. Endemic organisms that are adapted to this historical disturbance regime have become less abundant due to these dramatic changes in the hydrology and the resultant changes in vegetation structure. The Yuma Clapper Rail is a federally endangered bird that breeds in emergent marshes within the lower Colorado River basin in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. We evaluated whether prescribed fire could be used as a surrogate disturbance event to help restore historical conditions for the benefit of Yuma Clapper Rails and four sympatric marsh-dependent birds. We conducted call-broadcast surveys for marsh birds within burned and unburned (control) plots both pre-and post-burn. Fire increased the numbers of Yuma Clapper Rails and Virginia Rails, and did not affect the numbers of Black Rails, Soras, and Least Bitterns. We found no evidence that detection probability of any of the five species differed between burn and control plots. Our results suggest that prescribed fire can be used to set back succession of emergent marshlands and help mimic the natural disturbance regime in the lower Colorado River basin. Hence, prescribed fire can be used to help increase Yuma Clapper Rail populations without adversely affecting sympatric species. Implementing a coordinated long-term fire management plan within marshes of the lower Colorado River may allow regulatory agencies to remove the Yuma Clapper Rail from the endangered species list. ?? 2010 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/09-1624.1","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Conway, C., Nadeau, C., and Piest, L., 2010, Fire helps restore natural disturbance regime to benefit rare and endangered marsh birds endemic to the Colorado River: Ecological Applications, v. 20, no. 7, p. 2024-2035, https://doi.org/10.1890/09-1624.1.","startPage":"2024","endPage":"2035","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217917,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/09-1624.1"},{"id":245890,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a103fe4b0c8380cd53bbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conway, C.J.","contributorId":33417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nadeau, C.P.","contributorId":98426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nadeau","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Piest, L.","contributorId":27724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piest","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037521,"text":"70037521 - 2010 - Decay of aftershock density with distance does not indicate triggering by dynamic stress","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-14T13:07:53","indexId":"70037521","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Decay of aftershock density with distance does not indicate triggering by dynamic stress","docAbstract":"Resolving whether static or dynamic stress triggers most aftershocks and subsequent mainshocks is essential to understand earthquake interaction and to forecast seismic hazard. Felzer and Brodsky examined the distance distribution of earthquakes occurring in the first five minutes after 2 ≤<i> M</i> < 3 and 3 ≤<i> M</i> < 4 mainshocks and found that their magnitude <i> M</i> ≥ 2 aftershocks showed a uniform power-law decay with slope −1.35 out to 50 km from the mainshocks. From this they argued that the distance decay could be explained only by dynamic triggering. Here we propose an alternative explanation for the decay, and subject their hypothesis to a series of tests, none of which it passes. At distances more than 300 m from the 2 ≤ <i> M</i>< 3 mainshocks, the seismicity decay 5 min before the mainshocks is indistinguishable from the decay five minutes afterwards, indicating that the mainshocks have no effect at distances outside their static triggering range. Omori temporal decay, the fundamental signature of aftershocks, is absent at distances exceeding 10 km from the mainshocks. Finally, the distance decay is found among aftershocks that occur before the arrival of the seismic wave front from the mainshock, which violates causality. We argue that Felzer and Brodsky implicitly assume that the first of two independent aftershocks along a fault rupture triggers the second, and that the first of two shocks in a creep- or intrusion-driven swarm triggers the second, when this need not be the case.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","publisherLocation":"London, U.K.","doi":"10.1038/nature09402","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Richards-Dinger, K., Stein, R., and Toda, S., 2010, Decay of aftershock density with distance does not indicate triggering by dynamic stress: Nature, v. 467, no. 7315, p. 583-586, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09402.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"583","endPage":"586","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217930,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature09402"},{"id":245903,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"467","issue":"7315","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-09-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe02e4b0c8380cd4ea79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richards-Dinger, K.","contributorId":37125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards-Dinger","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stein, R.S.","contributorId":8875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Toda, S.","contributorId":102228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toda","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037517,"text":"70037517 - 2010 - Abundances of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 14 chinese and american coals and their relation to coal rank and weathering","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:05","indexId":"70037517","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1513,"text":"Energy and Fuels","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Abundances of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 14 chinese and american coals and their relation to coal rank and weathering","docAbstract":"The abundances of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on the priority list of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) have been determined in 14 Chinese and American coals. The ranks of the samples range from lignite, bituminous coal, anthracite, to natural coke. Soxhlet extraction was conducted on each coal for 48 h. The extract was analyzed on a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The results show that the total PAH content ranged from 0.31 to 57.6 ??g/g of coal (on a dry basis). It varied with coal rank and is highest in the maturity range of bituminous coal rank. High-molecular-weight (HMW) PAHs are predominant in low-rank coals, but low-molecular-weight (LMW) PAHs are predominant in high-rank coals. The low-sulfur coals have a higher PAH content than high-sulfur coals. It may be explained by an increasing connection between disulfide bonds and PAHs in high-sulfur coal. In addition, it leads us to conclude that the PAH content of coals may be related to the depositional environment. ?? 2010 American Chemical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Energy and Fuels","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/ef1010622","issn":"08870624","usgsCitation":"Wang, R., Liu, G., Zhang, J., Chou, C.L., and Liu, J., 2010, Abundances of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 14 chinese and american coals and their relation to coal rank and weathering: Energy and Fuels, v. 24, no. 11, p. 6061-6066, https://doi.org/10.1021/ef1010622.","startPage":"6061","endPage":"6066","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246106,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218122,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef1010622"}],"volume":"24","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e662e4b0c8380cd473a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, R.","contributorId":72607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Gaisheng","contributorId":15158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Gaisheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, Jiahua","contributorId":35479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Jiahua","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chou, C. L.","contributorId":32655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Liu, J.","contributorId":23672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70037513,"text":"70037513 - 2010 - Reference condition approach to restoration planning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:06","indexId":"70037513","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reference condition approach to restoration planning","docAbstract":"Ecosystem restoration planning requires quantitative rigor to evaluate alternatives, define end states, report progress and perform environmental benefits analysis (EBA). Unfortunately, existing planning frameworks are, at best, semi-quantitative. In this paper, we: (1) describe a quantitative restoration planning approach based on a comprehensive, but simple mathematical framework that can be used to effectively apply knowledge and evaluate alternatives, (2) use the approach to derive a simple but precisely defined lexicon based on the reference condition concept and allied terms and (3) illustrate the approach with an example from the Upper Mississippi River System (UMRS) using hydrologic indicators. The approach supports the development of a scaleable restoration strategy that, in theory, can be expanded to ecosystem characteristics such as hydraulics, geomorphology, habitat and biodiversity. We identify three reference condition types, best achievable condition (A BAC), measured magnitude (MMi which can be determined at one or many times and places) and desired future condition (ADFC) that, when used with the mathematical framework, provide a complete system of accounts useful for goal-oriented system-level management and restoration. Published in 2010 by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"River Research and Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/rra.1330","issn":"15351459","usgsCitation":"Nestler, J., Theiling, C., Lubinski, S., and Smith, D., 2010, Reference condition approach to restoration planning: River Research and Applications, v. 26, no. 10, p. 1199-1219, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.1330.","startPage":"1199","endPage":"1219","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246079,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218097,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.1330"}],"volume":"26","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a426e4b0e8fec6cdba6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nestler, J.M.","contributorId":85685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nestler","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Theiling, C.H.","contributorId":36262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theiling","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lubinski, S.J.","contributorId":83063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lubinski","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":461399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, D.L.","contributorId":41833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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