During the period October 1978 to September 1983, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the City of Portland (Oregon) Water Bureau, conducted a study in the Bull Run River basin to define the hydrologic characteristics of the basin, and to examine relations between basin characteristics (both natural and man-made) and stream water quality and quantity within the basin. Hydrologically, the 1978-1983 period can be characterized as representative of the long-term average, with no records of extreme events. Likewise, water quality constituent concentrations affected by quantity of streamflow are representative of average values and ranges and exclude values that would be obtained during periods of extreme events. Ranges of concentration of major anions and cations for surface water collected October 1978 to September 1983 are similar to values collected historically. The ratio of constituent to chloride values determined for precipitation data collected during the period June 1980 to September 1981 indicated that other sources besides seawater contributed to its composition. In ratios of constituents in precipitation, Bull Run values are similar to those of other remote sites in Alaska, Washington, and California. Comparisons of storm-related suspended sediment load to annual suspended sediment loads indicated that 62% to 78% of the total annual loads occurred in 3 to 4 days during an average year. Multiple-linear regression analysis using discharge, suspended sediment and specific conductance indicated that most of the variation in the annual values could be explained by naturally occurring processes within the basin. A nonparametric time-trend analysis of 24 water quantity and quality constituents showed no statistically significant trends with estimated slopes large enough to be readily measurable for a particular year. Four constituents that were sampled weekly (turbidity, specific conductance, silica, and phytoplankton) had statistically significant trends with slope indicators that might be measurable after 6 years. However, trend analysis on daily mean specific conductance and suspended sediment values does not confirm the weekly constituent trend results.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874128","usgsCitation":"Rinella, F.A., 1987, Water-quality variations in the Bull Run Watershed, Oregon, under 1978 to 1983 management conditions: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4128, v, 61 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874128.","productDescription":"v, 61 p.","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":409605,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46793.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":58214,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4128/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123626,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4128/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Bull Run watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.1519,\n 45.5592\n ],\n [\n -122.1519,\n 45.4167\n ],\n [\n -121.8333,\n 45.4167\n ],\n [\n -121.8333,\n 45.5592\n ],\n [\n -122.1519,\n 45.5592\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4888e4b07f02db51acfc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rinella, F. A.","contributorId":89120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rinella","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29378,"text":"wri854291 - 1987 - Possible changes in ground-water flow to the Pecos River caused by Santa Rosa Lake, Guadalupe County, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:55","indexId":"wri854291","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4291","title":"Possible changes in ground-water flow to the Pecos River caused by Santa Rosa Lake, Guadalupe County, New Mexico","docAbstract":"In 1980 Santa Rosa Dam began impounding water on the Pecos River about 7 miles north of Santa Rosa, New Mexico, to provide flood control, sediment control, and storage for irrigation. Santa Rosa Lake has caused changes in the groundwater flow system, which may cause changes in the streamflow of the Pecos River that cannot be detected at the present streamflow gaging stations. Data collected at these stations are used to measure the amount of water available for downstream users. A three-dimensional groundwater flow model for a 950 sq mi area between Anton Chico and Puerto de Luna was used to simulate the effects of Santa Rosa Lake on groundwater flow to a gaining reach of the Pecos River for lake levels of 4,675, 4,715, 4,725, 4,750, 4,776, and 4,797 feet above sea level and durations of impoundment of 30, 90, 182, and 365 days for all levels except 4 ,797 feet. These simulations indicated that streamflow in the Pecos River could increase by as much as 2 cu ft/sec between the dam and Puerto de Luna if the lake level were maintained at 4 ,797 feet for 90 days or 4,776 feet for 1 year. About 90% of this increased streamflow would occur < 0.5 mi downstream from the dam, some of which would be measured at the streamflow gaging station located 0.2 mile downstream from the dam. Simulations also indicated that the lake will affect groundwater flow such that inflow to the study area may be decreased by as much as 1.9 cu ft/sec. This water may leave the Pecos River drainage basin or be diverted back to the Pecos River downstream from the gaging station near Puerto de Luna. In either case, this quantity represents a net loss of water upstream from Puerto de Luna. Most simulations indicated that the decrease in groundwater flow into the study area would be of about the same quantity as the simulated increase in streamflow downstream from the dam. Therefore, the net effect of the lake on the flow of the Pecos River in the study area appears to be negligible. Model simulations indicated that effect of lake levels below 4 ,750 feet on water levels in observation wells completed in the San Andres Limestone could not be distinguished from the effects of other hydrologic stresses. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854291","usgsCitation":"Risser, D.W., 1987, Possible changes in ground-water flow to the Pecos River caused by Santa Rosa Lake, Guadalupe County, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4291, viii, 79 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854291.","productDescription":"viii, 79 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123378,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4291/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58223,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4291/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b0fe4b07f02db6a0372","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Risser, D. W.","contributorId":48211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risser","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29442,"text":"wri824003 - 1987 - Evaluation of selected surface-water-quality stations in Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:56","indexId":"wri824003","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-4003","title":"Evaluation of selected surface-water-quality stations in Wyoming","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Wyoming Department of Agriculture, has conducted a surface-water-quality program in Wyoming since 1965. The purpose has been to determine the chemical quality of the water in terms of the major dissolved constituents (salinity). Changing agricultural techniques and energy development have stimulated a need for an expanded program involving additional types of data. This report determines the adequacy of the data collected thus far to describe the chemical quality. The sampling program was evaluated by determining how well the data describe the dissolved-solids load of the streams. Monthly mean loads were estimated at 16 stations throughout the network where daily streamflow and daily specific conductance were available. Monthly loads were then compared with loads estimated from daily streamflow and data derived from analyses of samples collected on a monthly basis at these same stations. Agreement was good. Solute-load hydrographs were constructed for 37 stations and from some reaches where streamflow records were available. Because stations where no discharge records are available are not amenable to this type of analysis, data collected at these stations are of limited usefulness. This report covers analyses of data for all qualifying sites in Wyoming except those in the Green River Basin, which were analyzed in U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Investigations 77-103. The salinity in most of the streams evaluated is adequately described by the data collected. Reduced sampling is feasible, and time and money can be diverted to collecting other data. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri824003","usgsCitation":"Rucker, S., and DeLong, L.L., 1987, Evaluation of selected surface-water-quality stations in Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 82-4003, vi, 72 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri824003.","productDescription":"vi, 72 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119600,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1982/4003/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58288,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1982/4003/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e4890","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rucker, S.J.","contributorId":41472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rucker","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeLong, L. L.","contributorId":44530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLong","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29444,"text":"wri874011 - 1987 - Sediment discharge in Muddy Creek and the effect of sedimentation rate on the proposed Wolford Mountain reservoir near Kremmling, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:56","indexId":"wri874011","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4011","title":"Sediment discharge in Muddy Creek and the effect of sedimentation rate on the proposed Wolford Mountain reservoir near Kremmling, Colorado","docAbstract":"Stream-discharge data collected from May 1982 through October 1985 and sediment data collected from March 1985 through October 1985 at stream flow-gaging station 09041500 Muddy Creek at Kremmling, Colorado, were used to determine total-sediment discharge into the proposed Wolford Mountain Reservoir. The data were divided on a seasonal basis, and statistical relations between suspended-sediment discharge and stream discharge were determined for the rising stage, falling stage, and base-flow period. One statistical relation between bedload discharge and stream discharge was determined from all collected data. These relations were used with 3 years of daily stream-discharge data to estimate total-sediment discharge. Total-sediment discharge was largest prior to the annual peak stream discharge during the study period and decreased thereafter. At least 97% of the total-sediment discharge was suspended sediment. Mean annual total-sediment discharge in Muddy Creek near Kremmling was estimated to be 83,000 tons per year for the 1983 through 1985 water years. Water-storage capacity of the proposed Wolford Mountain Reservoir at site C would decrease 10% after 100 years at this rate of mean annual total-sediment discharge. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874011","usgsCitation":"Ruddy, B.C., 1987, Sediment discharge in Muddy Creek and the effect of sedimentation rate on the proposed Wolford Mountain reservoir near Kremmling, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4011, iv, 22 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874011.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159818,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4011/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58290,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4011/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fc030","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruddy, B. C.","contributorId":65098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruddy","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29461,"text":"wri874179 - 1987 - Mean velocity, longitudinal dispersion, and reaeration characteristics of selected streams in the Kentucky River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:02","indexId":"wri874179","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4179","title":"Mean velocity, longitudinal dispersion, and reaeration characteristics of selected streams in the Kentucky River basin","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874179","usgsCitation":"Ruhl, K., and Smoot, J.L., 1987, Mean velocity, longitudinal dispersion, and reaeration characteristics of selected streams in the Kentucky River basin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4179, vi, 61 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874179.","productDescription":"vi, 61 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119604,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4179/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58307,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4179/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a27e4b07f02db6107c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruhl, K.J.","contributorId":35322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruhl","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smoot, J. L.","contributorId":59794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smoot","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29485,"text":"wri864163 - 1987 - Effects of land use on ground-water quality in central Florida — Preliminary results: U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Waste — Ground-water Contamination Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-05T21:57:19.082231","indexId":"wri864163","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4163","title":"Effects of land use on ground-water quality in central Florida — Preliminary results: U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Waste — Ground-water Contamination Program","docAbstract":"Groundwater is the principal source of drinking water in central Florida. The most important hydrogeologic unit is the Floridan aquifer system, consisting of fractured limestone and dolomite limestone. Activities of man in areas of recharge to the Floridian aquifer system that may be affecting groundwater quality include: (1) the use of drainage wells for stormwater disposal in urban areas, (2) the use of pesticides and fertilizers in citrus groves, and (3) the mining and processing of phosphate ore in mining areas. Preliminary findings about the impacts of these land uses on ground-water quality by comparison with a fourth land use representing the absence of human activity in another area of recharge are presented. Drainage wells convey excess urban stormwater directly to the Upper Floridian aquifer. The volatile organic compounds are the most common contaminants in ground water. Trace elements such as chromium and lead are entering the aquifer but their movement is apparently attenuated by precipitation reactions associated with high pH or by cation-exchange reactions. Among the trace elements and organic chemicals, most ground-water contamination in citrus production areas is caused by pesticides, which include the organic compounds simazine, ametryne, chlordane, DDE , bromacil, aldicarb, EDB, trifluralin, and diazinon, and the trace elements zinc and copper; other contaminants include benzene, toluene, napthalene, and indene compounds. In the phosphate mining area, constituents of concern are arsenic, selenium, and mercury, and secondarily lead, chromium, cadmium, and others. Organic compounds such as fluorene, naphthalene, di-n-butyl phthalate, alkylated benzenes and naphthalenes, and indene compounds also are entering groundwater. (Author 's abstract)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri864163","usgsCitation":"Rutledge, A.T., 1987, Effects of land use on ground-water quality in central Florida — Preliminary results: U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Waste — Ground-water Contamination Program: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4163, v, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864163.","productDescription":"v, 49 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393940,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36588.htm"},{"id":58328,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4163/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124031,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4163/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82,\n 27.739\n ],\n [\n -81.25,\n 27.739\n ],\n [\n -81.25,\n 29.1980\n ],\n [\n -82,\n 29.1980\n ],\n [\n -82,\n 27.739\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611d98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rutledge, A. T.","contributorId":38532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rutledge","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29521,"text":"wri874157 - 1987 - Floodflow characteristics of Filbin Creek for pre- and post-construction conditions, 1986, at North Charleston, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T13:00:09","indexId":"wri874157","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4157","title":"Floodflow characteristics of Filbin Creek for pre- and post-construction conditions, 1986, at North Charleston, South Carolina","docAbstract":"A study to determine the effect of the construction of a shopping and business center, and of the construction and improvement of several highways on floodflow in the Filbin Creek drainage basin near North Charleston, South Carolina was performed. Discharge hydrographs were synthesized using computerized U.S. Soil Conservation Service unit hydrograph methods and routed using reservoir, step backwater, and culvert flow programs. Construction of the shopping and business center, according to plans of July 1986, will raise the water surface elevations upstream of Interstate Highway 26 by about 2.0 ft for runoff from 100-yr rainfall. Structures at Seaboard Railroad downstream of U.S. Highway 52, U.S. Highway 52, and Virginia Avenue would cause about 2.0, 2.6, and 4.1 ft of backwater, respectively. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874157","usgsCitation":"Sanders, C., 1987, Floodflow characteristics of Filbin Creek for pre- and post-construction conditions, 1986, at North Charleston, South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4157, iii, 19 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874157.","productDescription":"iii, 19 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123920,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4157/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58361,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4157/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","city":"North Charleston","otherGeospatial":"Filbin Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.11470794677734,\n 32.83430827354381\n ],\n [\n -80.11470794677734,\n 32.92628384068991\n ],\n [\n -79.91798400878906,\n 32.92628384068991\n ],\n [\n -79.91798400878906,\n 32.83430827354381\n ],\n [\n -80.11470794677734,\n 32.83430827354381\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e4e4b07f02db5e5f25","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanders, C.L. Jr.","contributorId":57496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanders","given":"C.L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29573,"text":"wri874024 - 1987 - Assessment of water quality and factors affecting dissolved oxygen in the Sangamon River, Decatur to Riverton, Illinois, summer 1982","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:03","indexId":"wri874024","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4024","title":"Assessment of water quality and factors affecting dissolved oxygen in the Sangamon River, Decatur to Riverton, Illinois, summer 1982","docAbstract":"Water quality and processes that affect the dissolved-oxygen concentration in a 45.9 mile reach of the Sangamon River from Decatur to Riverton, Illinois, were determined from data collected during low-flow periods in the summer of 1982. Relations among dissolved oxygen, water discharge, biochemical oxygen demand, ammonia and nitrite plus nitrate concentrations, and photosynthetic-oxygen production were simulated using a one-dimensional, steady-state computer model. Average dissolved oxygen concentrations ranged from 8.0 milligrams per liter at the upstream end of the study reach at Decatur to 5.2 milligrams per liter 12.2 miles downstream. Ammonia concentrations ranged from 45 milligrams per liter at the mouth of Stevens Creek (2.6 miles downstream from Decatur) to 0.03 milligram per liter at the downstream end of the study reach. Un-ionized ammonia concentrations exceeded the maximum concentration specified in the State water quality standard (0.04 milligram per liter) throughout most of the study reach. Model simulations indicated that oxidation of ammonia to form nitrite plus nitrate was the most significant process leading to low dissolved oxygen concentrations in the river. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/wri874024","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, A., and Stamer, J., 1987, Assessment of water quality and factors affecting dissolved oxygen in the Sangamon River, Decatur to Riverton, Illinois, summer 1982: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4024, vii, 65 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874024.","productDescription":"vii, 65 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123555,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4024/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58401,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4024/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cf9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, A.R.","contributorId":79898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stamer, J. K.","contributorId":47753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stamer","given":"J. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29577,"text":"wri854323 - 1987 - Hydrologic effects of artificial-recharge experiments with reclaimed water at East Meadow, Long Island, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:58","indexId":"wri854323","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4323","title":"Hydrologic effects of artificial-recharge experiments with reclaimed water at East Meadow, Long Island, New York","docAbstract":"Artificial recharge experiments were conducted at East Meadow, Long Island, New York, from October 1982 through January 1984 to evaluate the degree of groundwater mounding and the chemical effects of artificially replenishing the groundwater system with tertiary-treated wastewater. More than 800 million gallons of treated effluent was returned to the upper glacial aquifer through recharge basins and injection wells in the 15-month period. Reclaimed water was provided by the Cedar Creek advanced wastewater treatment facility in Wantagh, 6 miles away. The chlorinated effluent was pumped to the recharge facility, where it was fed to basins by gravity flow and to injection wells by pumps. Observations during the recharge tests indicate that the two most significant factors in limiting the rate of infiltration through the basin floor were the recharge test duration and quality of reclaimed water. Head buildup in the aquifer beneath the basins ranged from 4.3 to 6.7 ft, depending on the quantity and duration of water application. Head buildup near the injection wells within the aquifer ranged from 0.3 to 1.2 ft. Recharge basins provided a more effective means of moving large quantities of reclaimed water into the aquifer than injection wells. Results of 3-day and 176-day ponding tests in two basins indicate that reclaimed water is relatively unchanged chemically by percolation through the unsaturated zone because: (1) the sand and gravel of the upper glacial aquifer is unreactive, (2) the water moves to the water table rapidly, and (3) the water is highly treated before recharge. The quality of water in the aquifer zones affected by recharge improved, on the whole. Groundwater concentrations of nitrate nitrogen and several low molecular weight hydrocarbons, decreased to well within drinking water standards as a direct result of recharge. Sodium and chloride concentrations increased above background levels as a result of recharge but remained well within drinking water standards and the New York State effluent standards established for this groundwater recharge study. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854323","usgsCitation":"Schneider, B., Ku, H.F., and Oaksford, E., 1987, Hydrologic effects of artificial-recharge experiments with reclaimed water at East Meadow, Long Island, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4323, vii, 79 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854323.","productDescription":"vii, 79 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123565,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4323/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58405,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4323/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db607024","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schneider, B.J.","contributorId":93539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ku, H. F.","contributorId":19976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ku","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oaksford, E. T.","contributorId":64284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oaksford","given":"E. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":29608,"text":"wri864363 - 1987 - Results of intercomparison studies for the measurement of pH and specific conductance at National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network monitoring sites, October 1981-October 1985","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:56","indexId":"wri864363","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4363","title":"Results of intercomparison studies for the measurement of pH and specific conductance at National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network monitoring sites, October 1981-October 1985","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864363","usgsCitation":"Schroder, L., Brooks, M.H., and Willoughby, T.C., 1987, Results of intercomparison studies for the measurement of pH and specific conductance at National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network monitoring sites, October 1981-October 1985: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4363, iv, 22 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864363.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159774,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4363/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58432,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4363/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679d4b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schroder, L.J.","contributorId":31767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroder","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":201805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brooks, M. H.","contributorId":107735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Willoughby, T. C.","contributorId":31791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willoughby","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":29635,"text":"wri874031 - 1987 - Geohydrology and susceptibility of Coldwater Spring and Jacksonville fault areas to surface contamination in Calhoun County, Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:56","indexId":"wri874031","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4031","title":"Geohydrology and susceptibility of Coldwater Spring and Jacksonville fault areas to surface contamination in Calhoun County, Alabama","docAbstract":"Coldwater Spring in eastern Calhoun County, Alabama, is one of the largest springs in Alabama. The spring, which has an average discharge of about 31 million gallons per day, supplies water for about 70,000 people in the Anniston, Alabama area. A potentiometric map of the study area indicates that the recharge area for the aquifer system that supplies the spring is only about 23 square miles. However, base-flow data for streams in the area indicate that this recharge area is not sufficient to account for an average discharge of 31 million gallons per day from Coldwater Spring. Complex folding and faulting of the carbonate and quart zitic rocks that comprise the aquifer system may have produced fractures and joints that increase recharge to the spring. Some recharge to the spring may be derived from outside the recharge area delineated from the potentiometric map or from the surface. This part of the recharge area contamination from the surface. This part of the recharge area consists of flat to gently rolling terrain underlain by cavernous limestone and fractured quartzite. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874031","usgsCitation":"Scott, J.C., Harris, W.F., and Cobb, R., 1987, Geohydrology and susceptibility of Coldwater Spring and Jacksonville fault areas to surface contamination in Calhoun County, Alabama: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4031, iv, 29 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874031.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123630,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4031/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58455,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4031/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58456,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4031/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8c0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, J. C.","contributorId":75901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harris, W. F.","contributorId":66303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cobb, R.H.","contributorId":31027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cobb","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":29637,"text":"wri864360 - 1987 - Geohydrology and susceptibility of major aquifers to surface contamination in Alabama; Area 8","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:56","indexId":"wri864360","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4360","title":"Geohydrology and susceptibility of major aquifers to surface contamination in Alabama; Area 8","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Alabama Department of Environmental Management, is conducting a series of geohydrologic studies to delineate the major aquifers and their susceptibility to contamination in Alabama. This report delineates and describes the geohydrology and susceptibility of the major aquifers to contamination in Area 8--Autauga, Chilton, Elmore, Lowndes, and Montgomery Counties. The major aquifers in the study area are the Eutaw, Gordo, and Coker aquifers of Cretaceous age. One or more of these aquifers are sources of public water supply in each of the five counties. The recharge areas for these aquifers are in Autauga, Chilton, Elmore, and Montgomery and Prattville. Maximum groundwater use in the Prattville area is more than 8 mgd (million gallons per day). Estimated maximum groundwater withdrawal for all uses in the study area is about 65 mgd. The potentiometric map of the Gordo aquifer indicates that the Alabama River may serve as a recharging boundary to the Gordo aquifer along the flood plain of the river in the Montgomery-Prattville area. The river also is acting as a recharging boundary to the Eutaw and Coker aquifers, where the potentiometric surfaces in the aquifers have been lowered. All recharge areas for the major aquifers are susceptible to contamination from the surface. However, the areas that are highly susceptible to contamination extend from Jemison to Clanton in Chilton County where the Coker aquifer generally is < 100 ft below land surface, and the flood plains of the Alabama, Coosa, and Tallapoosa Rivers, which are underlain by alluvial deposits that are in hydraulic contact with the major aquifers. Within the highly susceptible areas, the areas especially susceptible to contamination are the flood plain of the Alabama River in the Montgomery area and the flood plain of the Tallapoosa River. Pumpage from the major aquifers in this area has significantly lowered the potentiometric surface in the aquifers resulting in a downward gradient between the major aquifers and the Alabama River and the alluvial deposits underlying the flood plain along the river. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864360","usgsCitation":"Scott, J.C., Cobb, R., and Castleberry, R., 1987, Geohydrology and susceptibility of major aquifers to surface contamination in Alabama; Area 8: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4360, v, 65 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864360.","productDescription":"v, 65 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123691,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4360/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58459,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4360/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58460,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4360/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688120","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, J. C.","contributorId":75901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cobb, R.H.","contributorId":31027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cobb","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Castleberry, R.D.","contributorId":101700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castleberry","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":29650,"text":"wri874177 - 1987 - Description and testing of three moisture sensors for measuring surface wetness on carbonate building stones","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:56","indexId":"wri874177","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4177","title":"Description and testing of three moisture sensors for measuring surface wetness on carbonate building stones","docAbstract":"Three sensors were tested on building stones exposed to conditions that produce deposition of moisture. A relative humidity probe, a gypsum collected circuit grid, and a limestone block resistor were tested as sensors for determining surface wetness. Sensors were tested under laboratory conditions of constant relative humidity and temperature and also under on-site conditions of variable relative humidity and temperature for 8 weeks at Newcomb, New York. Laboratory tests indicated that relative humidity alone did not cause sensors to become saturated. However, relative humidity did control the rate at which sensors dried after being saturated with distilled water. On-site testing of the relative humidity probe and the gypsum coated circuit grid indicated that they respond to a diurnal wetting and drying cycle; the limestone block resistor only responded to rainfall. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874177","usgsCitation":"See, R., Reddy, M., and Martin, R.G., 1987, Description and testing of three moisture sensors for measuring surface wetness on carbonate building stones: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4177, iv, 16 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874177.","productDescription":"iv, 16 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122686,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4177/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58468,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4177/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66dd42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"See, R.B.","contributorId":67910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"See","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reddy, M.M.","contributorId":24363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reddy","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, R. G.","contributorId":100431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":29745,"text":"wri824010 - 1987 - Ground-water hydrology of the Toppenish Creek basin, Yakima Indian Reservation, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:59","indexId":"wri824010","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-4010","title":"Ground-water hydrology of the Toppenish Creek basin, Yakima Indian Reservation, Washington","docAbstract":"A groundwater flow model was constructed for the Toppenish Creek basin aquifer system in eastern Washington. Flow was simulated in three aquifer units: (1) the confined old valley fill and shallow basalt (unit 2); (2) the underlying primary basalt (unit 3); and (3) the deep basalt (unit 4). Water levels in the overlying unconfined alluvial aquifer (unit 1) were held fixed. Calibrated transmissivities ranged from 0.01 to 0.48 foot squared per second. Calibrated storage coefficients were 0.0004 to 0.006. The confining-bed leakance ranged from 2.0 x 10 to the minus 11th power to 2.5 x 10 to the minus 10th power feet per second per foot. Under steady-state conditions (1954) annual natural recharge was about 29,000 acre-ft underflow from adjacent basins. Annual pumpage increased from less than 500 acre-ft in 1954 to an average of 19,600 acre-ft for 1971 and 1972. Pumpage caused simulated declines in unit 3 of up to 95 ft for 1955-72. Projected annual declines from 1973-77 using 1971-72 pumpage were about 0.5-1.5 ft in unit 2 and 0.2-1.5 ft in unit 3. The corresponding declines from 1978-82 were 0.2-1.2 ft and 0.2-0.8 ft, respectively. Using 1971-72 pumpage plus 12 ,400 acre-ft per year from unit 3, the calculated annual declines from 1978-82 were 1-36 ft in unit 2 and 4-20 ft in unit 3. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri824010","usgsCitation":"Skrivan, J., 1987, Ground-water hydrology of the Toppenish Creek basin, Yakima Indian Reservation, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 82-4010, vi, 47 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri824010.","productDescription":"vi, 47 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122648,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1982/4010/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58544,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1982/4010/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db6986b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skrivan, J.A.","contributorId":107743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skrivan","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29757,"text":"wri874002 - 1987 - Water quality of Lake Tuscaloosa and streamflow and water quality of selected tributaries to Lake Tuscaloosa, Alabama, 1982-86","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:51","indexId":"wri874002","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4002","title":"Water quality of Lake Tuscaloosa and streamflow and water quality of selected tributaries to Lake Tuscaloosa, Alabama, 1982-86","docAbstract":"Lake Tuscaloosa, created in 1969 by the impoundment of North River, provides the primary water supply for Tuscaloosa, Alabama , and surrounding areas. This report describes the percent contribution of major tributaries to the mean inflow to the lake; water quality; and changes in water quality in the lake and selected tributaries. During base flow, about 60% of the total flow into Lake Tuscaloosa is contributed by Binion and Carroll Creeks, which drain only 22% of the Lake Tuscaloosa basin. Binion and Carroll Creek basins are underlain primarily by sand and gravel deposits of the Coker Formation. Mean inflow to the lake was 1,150 cu ft/sec during 1983, a wet year, and 450 cu ft/sec during 1985, a relatively dry year. More than 80% of the total inflow during both years was contributed by North River and Binion, Cripple, and Carroll Creeks. About 59% was contributed by North River during those years. Except for pH, sulfate, and dissolved and total recoverable iron and manganese, the water quality of the tributaries is generally within drinking water limits and acceptable for most uses. The water quality of Lake Tuscaloosa is generally within drinking water limits and acceptable for most uses. The maximum and median concentrations of sulfate increased every year at the dam from 1979 to 1985 (7.2 to 18 mg/L and 6.2 to 14 mg/L, respectively). The dissolved solids concentrations for water at the dam have varied (1979-86) from 27 to 43 mg/L; the sulfate, 5.2 to 18 mg/L; and the dissolved iron, 10 to 250 micrograms/L--all within the recommended drinking water limits. However, concentrations of dissolved manganese and total recoverable iron and manganese at the dam commonly exceeded the recommended drinking water limits. In November 1985, after the summer warmup and increase in biological activity, the water quality at five depth profiles sites on Lake Tuscaloosa was acceptable for most uses, generally. However, a dissolved oxygen concentration of 1 mg/L or less was observed within 5 to 10 ft of the bottom for several depth profiles. At depths > 35 to 40 ft (out of a total depth of about 50 to 100 ft) the dissolved oxygen concentration was < 5 mg/L at several sites. By mid-January 1986, the temperature and dissolved oxygen depth profiles were virtually constant from top to bottom of the lake at all five sites; this indicated that lake turnover was complete. However, significant variation existed in pH depth profiles. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874002","usgsCitation":"Slack, L.J., 1987, Water quality of Lake Tuscaloosa and streamflow and water quality of selected tributaries to Lake Tuscaloosa, Alabama, 1982-86: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4002, vi, 64 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874002.","productDescription":"vi, 64 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159320,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4002/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58552,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4002/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cfe4b07f02db546249","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Slack, L. J.","contributorId":44157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29793,"text":"wri864037 - 1987 - Chemical quality of precipitation at Greenville, Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:57","indexId":"wri864037","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4037","title":"Chemical quality of precipitation at Greenville, Maine","docAbstract":"Weekly composite precipitation samples were collected at a rural site located in Greenville, Maine for analysis of trace metals and organic compounds. Samples collected during February 1982, through May 1984, were analyzed for cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, and zinc and during February 1982, through March 1983, for chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides, pthalate ester plasticizers, and polychlorinated biphenyls. Deposition rates were computed. Data reported by the NADP (National Atmospheric Deposition Program) was used to evaluate the general chemical quality of the precipitation. The precipitation had relatively high concentrations of hydrogen ions, sulfate, and nitrate, compared to other constituents. Of the trace metals included for analysis, only copper, lead, and zinc were consistently detected. Lead concentrations exceeded the U.S. EPA recommended limit for domestic water supply in three samples. High deposition rates for some of the metals were episodic. Alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane was the only organic compound that was consistently detected (maximum 120 nanograms/L). None of the other organic compounds were detected in any of the samples. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864037","usgsCitation":"Smath, J., and Potter, T., 1987, Chemical quality of precipitation at Greenville, Maine: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4037, vi, 54 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864037.","productDescription":"vi, 54 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119611,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4037/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58598,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4037/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bb49","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smath, J.A.","contributorId":15174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smath","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Potter, T.L.","contributorId":75191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potter","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29833,"text":"wri874080 - 1987 - Chemical characteristics of water in the surficial aquifer system, Dade County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-10T12:41:32.20032","indexId":"wri874080","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4080","title":"Chemical characteristics of water in the surficial aquifer system, Dade County, Florida","docAbstract":"Geohydrologic test drilling was conducted throughout Dade County to describe the chemical characteristics of water from geohydrologic units in the surficial aquifer system. Water quality analysis of samples collected from the test wells completed in central Dade County indicates that the Biscayne aquifer (unit A), the upper clastic unit of the Tamiami Formation (unit B), and parts of a limestone, sandstone, and sand unit of the Tamiami Formation (unit C) have been effectively flushed of residual seawater, and contain primarily calcium bicarbonate groundwater. The lower parts of unit C and the lower clastic unit of the Tamiami Formation (unit D) primarily contain calcium-sodium bicarbonate or sodium bicarbonate type water. An analysis of variance test indicates that water in units A and B is not significantly (0.05 probability level) different in composition. Mean concentrations of dissolved solids, sodium, and chloride are significantly different between units A and C, whereas mean concentrations of dissolved solids, calcium, sodium, and chloride are significantly different between units A and D. Groundwater in the surficial aquifer system in northwestern Dade County is more mineralized than groundwater that occurs elsewhere in the county (except in coastal areas affected by saltwater). An analysis of variance test indicates that mean concentrations of dissolved solids, sodium, and chloride at sites in northwestern Dade County, developed in units A and C, are significantly different from the mean concentrations of these constituents at sites throughout the rest of the county. Water in this part of the surficial aquifer system is similar to highly mineralized water found in western Broward County. However, in northwestern Dade County, the groundwater has been diluted to a greater extent by less mineralized recharge water. Overall, groundwater in the four major geohydrologic units of the surficial aquifer system of Dade County is suitable for most uses. Maximum concentrations of sodium, chloride, color, fluoride, iron, and dissolved solids in some areas of Dade County, however, exceed maximum contaminant levels established by the Florida Primary and Secondary Drinking Water Regulations standards. (Author 's abstract)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri874080","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the South Florida Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Sonntag, W.H., 1987, Chemical characteristics of water in the surficial aquifer system, Dade County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4080, iv, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874080.","productDescription":"iv, 42 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124300,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4080/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":58630,"rank":399,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4080/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58632,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4080/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.47 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 87-4080"},{"id":58631,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4080/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Dade County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.5572509765625,\n 25.591994180254712\n ],\n [\n -79.95574951171875,\n 25.591994180254712\n ],\n [\n -79.95574951171875,\n 26.162833742569937\n ],\n [\n -80.5572509765625,\n 26.162833742569937\n ],\n [\n -80.5572509765625,\n 25.591994180254712\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
The Onondaga aquifer is a nearly flat-lying, 25- to 110-foot-thick, cherty limestone with moderately developed karst features such as sinkholes, disappearing streams, and solution-widened joints. Most groundwater moves through solution-widened bedding planes, although some moves through vertical joints. The yield of water from 42 wells ranges from 3 to 100 gal/min, averaging 20 gal/min. Groundwater levels in the Onondaga aquifer declined during the fall of 1981 and summer and fall of 1982-85, near a 2.2-mile-long and 800-foot-wide land surface depression in the eastern part of Erie County. More than 60 wells and several wetlands went dry and at least three sinkholes developed. Groundwater levels were measured in 150 wells during a high water level period in April 1984 and a low water period in October 1984. Water levels fluctuated 20 to 50 ft near the depression and near the quarries but fluctuated only 5 to 10 ft elsewhere. The water level decline was caused by the combined effect of groundwater removal by pumpage from a quarry (the water is then discharged to Dorsch Creek) and by the swallets in the 2.2-mile-long depression area, which are recharge points for the aquifer. In 1982, sinkholes formed in a surface depression area in Harris Hill. The enlargement of these sinkholes seems to be unrelated to the water level decline in the eastern part of the county and is probably caused by local drainage alterations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri864317","usgsCitation":"Staubitz, W., and Miller, T.S., 1987, Geology and hydrology of the Onondaga aquifer in eastern Erie County, New York, with emphasis on ground-water-level declines since 1982: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4317, Report: vi, 44 p.; 4 Plates: 33.74 × 23.81 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864317.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 44 p.; 4 Plates: 33.74 × 23.81 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":395295,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36637.htm"},{"id":58740,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4317/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58739,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4317/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58738,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4317/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58737,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4317/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58736,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4317/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123337,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4317/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Erie County","otherGeospatial":"Onondaga aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.7,\n 42.933\n ],\n [\n -78.463,\n 42.933\n ],\n [\n -78.463,\n 43.033\n ],\n [\n -78.7,\n 43.033\n ],\n [\n -78.7,\n 42.933\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b468a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Staubitz, W. W.","contributorId":73209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staubitz","given":"W. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Todd S.","contributorId":85623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29934,"text":"wri874033 - 1987 - Trace organic compounds in wet atmospheric deposition: an overview","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-11T14:56:51","indexId":"wri874033","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4033","title":"Trace organic compounds in wet atmospheric deposition: an overview","docAbstract":"An overview of the occurrence of organic compounds in wet atmospheric deposition is given. Multiplicity of sources and problems associated with source identification are discussed. Available literature is reviewed by using citations from Chemical Abstracts and Water Resources Abstracts through June 1985 and includes reports published through December 1984 that summarize current knowledge. Approaches to the chemical determination of organic compounds in precipitation are examined in addition to aspects of sampling protocols. Best methods for sample collection and preparation for instrumental analysis continue to be discussed among various investigators. Automatic wet-deposition-only devices for collection and extraction are preferred. Classes of organic compounds that have been identified in precipitation include a spectrum of compounds with differing properties of acidity or basicity, polarity, and water solubility. Those compounds that have been reported in rainfall, snowfall, and ice include hydrocarbons (both aromatic and nonaromatic), chlorinated derivatives of these hydrocarbons, carbonyl compounds (both acidic and nonacidic), and carboxylic acids and esters. Formic and acetic are the most abundant organic acids present. Cloudwater, fogwater, and mist also have been collected and analyzed for organic composition.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874033","usgsCitation":"Steinheimer, T., and Johnson, S., 1987, Trace organic compounds in wet atmospheric deposition: an overview: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4033, iii, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874033.","productDescription":"iii, 19 p.","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db62731a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steinheimer, T.R.","contributorId":106166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinheimer","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, S.M.","contributorId":52214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30010,"text":"wri874003 - 1987 - Reconnaissance of water quality in the High Plains Aquifer beneath agricultural lands, south-central Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:03","indexId":"wri874003","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4003","title":"Reconnaissance of water quality in the High Plains Aquifer beneath agricultural lands, south-central Kansas","docAbstract":"The High Plains of western Kansas was one of 14 areas selected for preliminary groundwater quality reconnaissance by the U.S. Geological Survey 's Toxic Waste--Groundwater Contamination Program. The specific objective was to evaluate the effects of land used for agriculture (irrigated cropland and non-irrigated rangeland) on the water in the High Plains aquifer. Conceptual inferences, based on the information available, would lead one to expect groundwater beneath irrigated cropland to contain larger concentrations of sodium, sulfate, chloride, nitrite plus nitrate, and some water soluble pesticides than water beneath non-irrigated land (range-land) The central part of the Great Bend Prairie, an area of about 1,800 sq mi overlying the High Plains aquifer in south-central Kansas, was selected for the study of agricultural land use because it has sand soils, a shallow water table, relatively large annual precipitation, and includes large areas that are exclusively irrigated cropland or non-irrigated rangeland. As determined by a two-tailed Wilcoxon rank-sum test, concentrations of sodium and alkalinity were significantly larger at the 95% confidence level for water samples from beneath irrigated cropland than from beneath rangeland. No statistically significant difference in concentrations of sulfate, chloride, nitrite plus nitrate, and ammonia, was detected. Concentrations of 2,4-D found in water samples from beneath the rangeland were larger at the 99% confidence level as compared to concentrations of 2,4-D in samples from beneath irrigated cropland. Larger concentrations of sodium and alkalinity were found in water beneath irrigated cropland, and the largest concentration of the pesticide atrazine (triazines were found in three samples) was found in water from the only irrigation well sampled. The sodium and atrazine concentrations found in water from the irrigation well support the premise that water-level drawdown develops under irrigated fields. This diverts the natural groundwater flow patterns, so that pumpage may cause recycling and subsequent concentration of leachates from the land surface. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874003","usgsCitation":"Stullken, L., Stamer, J., and Carr, J.E., 1987, Reconnaissance of water quality in the High Plains Aquifer beneath agricultural lands, south-central Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4003, vi, 25 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874003.","productDescription":"vi, 25 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160456,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4003/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58818,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4003/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a62e4b07f02db6368ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stullken, L.E.","contributorId":59049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stullken","given":"L.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stamer, J. K.","contributorId":47753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stamer","given":"J. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carr, J. E.","contributorId":49373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}