{"pageNumber":"1935","pageRowStart":"48350","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68924,"records":[{"id":30028,"text":"wri874172 - 1987 - Geohydrology and simulated effects of withdrawals on the Miocene aquifer system in the Mississippi Gulf Coast area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:59","indexId":"wri874172","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4172","title":"Geohydrology and simulated effects of withdrawals on the Miocene aquifer system in the Mississippi Gulf Coast area","docAbstract":"Intense development of the Miocene aquifer system for water supplies along the Mississippi Gulf Coast has resulted in large water level declines that have altered the groundwater flow pattern in the area. Water levels in some Miocene aquifers have declined about 2 ft/year since 1940; declines exceed 100 ft (80 ft sea level) in large areas along the coast. Water levels in the surficial aquifer system, generally less than 20 ft below land surface, have not declined. The Miocene and younger interbedded and lenticular sands and clays crop out in southern Mississippi and dip to the south and southwest. These sediments have large vertical variations in head and locally respond to stresses as separate aquifers. Freshwater recharge to the Miocene aquifer system primarily is from rainfall on the surficial aquifers. The water generally moves to the south and southeast along the bedding planes toward the Mississippi Gulf Coast where the water is either withdrawn by wells, discharges to the ocean, or gradually percolates upward into overlying aquifers. Drawdowns caused by large groundwater withdrawals along the coast probably have resulted in the gradual movement of the saltwater toward the pumping centers. In parts of the Miocene aquifer system commonly used for water supplies, the water generally is a sodium bicarbonate type. Increasing chloride concentrations in a few wells indicate that saline water is migrating into parts of all layers in the Pascagoula area. A quasi three-dimensional numerical model of the groundwater flow system was constructed and calibrated on the basis of the both pre- and post-development conditions. The effects of an expected 1.5% annual increase in groundwater withdrawals during the period 1985-2005 were evaluated by the flow model. Additional water level declines expected by the year 2005 in response to estimated pumpage are as follows: Gulfport, 135 ft in layer 4; Biloxi-Gulfport area, 100 ft in layer 5 and 50 ft in layer 3; Pascagoula area, 40 ft in layer 6 and 30 ft in layer 4. The most serious threats of saltwater encroachment occur in layers 4, 5, and 6 (the 800-, 600- and 400-ft sands) in the Pascagoula area where contamination of the southern edges of the production areas is expected to occur in less than 10 years. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874172","usgsCitation":"Sumner, D.M., Wasson, B.E., and Kalkhoff, S., 1987, Geohydrology and simulated effects of withdrawals on the Miocene aquifer system in the Mississippi Gulf Coast area: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4172, vii, 203 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874172.","productDescription":"vii, 203 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124020,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4172/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58832,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4172/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a519","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sumner, D. M.","contributorId":100827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sumner","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wasson, B. E.","contributorId":11204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wasson","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kalkhoff, S. J.","contributorId":28967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalkhoff","given":"S. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":30100,"text":"wri874147 - 1987 - The effects of vertical motion on the performance of current meters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:57","indexId":"wri874147","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4147","title":"The effects of vertical motion on the performance of current meters","docAbstract":"A series of tests to determine the correction coefficients for Price type AA and Price type OAA current meters, when subjected to vertical motion in a towing tank, have been conducted. During these tests, the meters were subjected to vertical travel that ranged from 1.0 to 4.0 ft and vertical rates of travel that ranged from 0.33 to 1.20 ft/sec while being towed through the water at speeds ranging from 0 to 8 ft/sec. The tests show that type AA and type OAA current meters are affected adversely by the rate of vertical motion and the distance of vertical travel. In addition, the tests indicate that when current meters are moved vertically, correction coefficients must be applied to the observed meter velocities to correct for the registration errors that are induced by the vertical motion. The type OAA current meter under-registers and the type AA current meter over-registers in observed meter velocity. These coefficients for the type OAA current meter range from 0.99 to 1.49 and for the type AA current meter range from 0.33 to 1.07. When making current meter measurements from a boat or a cableway, errors in observed current meter velocity will occur when the bobbing of a boat or cableway places the current meter into vertical motion. These errors will be significant when flowing water is < 2 ft/sec and the rate of vertical motion is > 0.3 ft/sec. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874147","usgsCitation":"Thibodeaux, K., and Futrell, J.C., 1987, The effects of vertical motion on the performance of current meters: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4147, vi, 50 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874147.","productDescription":"vi, 50 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159710,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4147/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58918,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4147/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65ddd0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thibodeaux, K.G.","contributorId":16440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thibodeaux","given":"K.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Futrell, J. C. II","contributorId":87994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Futrell","given":"J.","suffix":"II","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30144,"text":"wri864359 - 1987 - Hydraulic tests and chemical quality of water at well USW VH-1, Crater Flat, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:03","indexId":"wri864359","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4359","title":"Hydraulic tests and chemical quality of water at well USW VH-1, Crater Flat, Nye County, Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864359","usgsCitation":"Thordarson, W., and Howells, L., 1987, Hydraulic tests and chemical quality of water at well USW VH-1, Crater Flat, Nye County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4359, iv, 20 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864359.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160475,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4359/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58956,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4359/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629b70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thordarson, William","contributorId":23539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thordarson","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Howells, L.W.","contributorId":89887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howells","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30145,"text":"wri864342 - 1987 - Hydrogeology of the Faultless site, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:03","indexId":"wri864342","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4342","title":"Hydrogeology of the Faultless site, Nye County, Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864342","usgsCitation":"Thordarson, W., 1987, Hydrogeology of the Faultless site, Nye County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4342, v, 40 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864342.","productDescription":"v, 40 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119483,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4342/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58957,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4342/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ee4b07f02db61518c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thordarson, William","contributorId":23539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thordarson","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30213,"text":"wri874013 - 1987 - Potential for pollution of the Upper Floridan aquifer from five sinkholes and an internally drained basin in west-central Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:50","indexId":"wri874013","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4013","title":"Potential for pollution of the Upper Floridan aquifer from five sinkholes and an internally drained basin in west-central Florida","docAbstract":"Sinkholes are natural and common geologic features in west-central Florida, which is underlain by water soluble limestone deposits. Dissolution of these deposits is the fundamental cause of sinkhole development. Sinkholes and other karst features are more pronounced in the northern part of the study area, but sinkhole activity has occurred throughout the area. Fifty-eight sinkholes with known or suspected connection to the Upper Floridan aquifer are located in the study area. An internally drained basin near the city of Brandon and five sinkholes in Hillsborough, Pasco, and Hernando Counties were selected for detailed investigation. At all sites, chemical or biological constituents were detected that indicate pollutants had entered the aquifer. A generalized classification, based on the potential to pollute, was applied to the selected sites. Four of the sites have high potential and two have moderate potential to pollute the Upper Floridan aquifer. All of the sites investigated are capable of recharging large volumes of water to the Upper Floridan aquifer in short periods of time. Continued monitoring of the quality of water entering the sinkholes and of wells downgradient to the sinks is needed to assess the future impacts on the aquifer. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874013","usgsCitation":"Trommer, J., 1987, Potential for pollution of the Upper Floridan aquifer from five sinkholes and an internally drained basin in west-central Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4013, vii, 103 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874013.","productDescription":"vii, 103 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124010,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4013/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59000,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4013/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db6835ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Trommer, J.T.","contributorId":28248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trommer","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30228,"text":"wri874184 - 1987 - Surface-geophysical investigations in Melton Valley, Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-22T09:09:48","indexId":"wri874184","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4184","title":"Surface-geophysical investigations in Melton Valley, Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee","docAbstract":"

Surface geophysical methods were found to be valuable for refining knowledge of the geohydrology of Melton Valley, an area used for burial of low-level radioactive waste at the Oak Ridge Reservation in Tennessee. The valley is characterized by locally complex geologic structures in lithologies of interbedded shale and limestone. Radionuclides have been transported away from the burial areas by groundwater along paths that are, in part, controlled by geologic structures and rock type. Direct current resistivity soundings were used to determine the depth to bedrock and to aid in the delineation of subsurface stratigraphy. Depth to bedrock, as indicated by an increase in resistivity in the interpreted geoelectric layering, was compared to auger-hole data at five sites, where bedrock depths ranged from 1 to 14 ft and were within 3 ft at four sites. The subsurface contact between shale and limestone was indicated by an increase in model calculated resistivity from < 100 to > 150 ohm-meters at four different sites. Terrain conductivity profiles were used to aid in mapping surficial geologic contacts between shale and limestone units. Terrain conductivity for shale at 33-ft coil separation was generally greater than 15 millimhos/m and ranged from about 10 to 40 millimhos/m. Conductivity for limestone was generally < 15 millimhos/m and ranged from 5 to 25 millimhos/m. Azimuthal conductivity surveys indicated that conductivity was generally greatest when the transmitter and receiver coils were oriented parallel to strike. This anisotropy in terrain conductivity shows the need to keep the coil orientation consistent throughout the length of a profile. (Author 's abstract)

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874184","usgsCitation":"Tucci, P., 1987, Surface-geophysical investigations in Melton Valley, Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4184, iv, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874184.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p.","numberOfPages":"35","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159702,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri874184.jpg"},{"id":310319,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4184/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","county":"Roane County","otherGeospatial":"Melton Valley, Oak Ridge Reservation","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-84.2716,35.9104],[-84.2717,35.9072],[-84.2628,35.8971],[-84.268,35.8958],[-84.2792,35.9033],[-84.2843,35.9015],[-84.285,35.8947],[-84.2797,35.8806],[-84.2814,35.8783],[-84.2848,35.8775],[-84.2972,35.8854],[-84.3005,35.8863],[-84.309,35.8882],[-84.3227,35.8866],[-84.3283,35.8899],[-84.3299,35.8931],[-84.3331,35.8791],[-84.3426,35.8316],[-84.3477,35.8325],[-84.3729,35.8224],[-84.3758,35.8166],[-84.3812,35.8058],[-84.3802,35.798],[-84.3775,35.7916],[-84.3885,35.7823],[-84.3807,35.7776],[-84.3888,35.7677],[-84.3916,35.7701],[-84.3994,35.7742],[-84.4073,35.7775],[-84.4101,35.7776],[-84.4164,35.7767],[-84.421,35.7736],[-84.424,35.7664],[-84.4242,35.7578],[-84.4294,35.751],[-84.4368,35.7502],[-84.4435,35.7549],[-84.4474,35.7604],[-84.4531,35.7554],[-84.471,35.7389],[-84.4947,35.7169],[-84.5106,35.7167],[-84.5169,35.7122],[-84.5216,35.7059],[-84.5218,35.6946],[-84.5263,35.6951],[-84.5264,35.6915],[-84.5303,35.6915],[-84.5321,35.6879],[-84.5322,35.6843],[-84.522,35.6837],[-84.5215,35.6769],[-84.5306,35.677],[-84.5313,35.6707],[-84.5398,35.6703],[-84.5399,35.6658],[-84.5489,35.6663],[-84.5491,35.6591],[-84.5751,35.6594],[-84.5758,35.6521],[-84.5843,35.6518],[-84.585,35.6445],[-84.6201,35.645],[-84.6198,35.659],[-84.6306,35.6587],[-84.631,35.666],[-84.6283,35.69],[-84.6226,35.6963],[-84.6265,35.6995],[-84.6241,35.7067],[-84.6301,35.719],[-84.6368,35.7205],[-84.6362,35.7246],[-84.6453,35.7247],[-84.6448,35.7169],[-84.6545,35.7175],[-84.654,35.7102],[-84.6631,35.7103],[-84.6638,35.7031],[-84.6723,35.7032],[-84.6716,35.7104],[-84.6761,35.7105],[-84.6766,35.7173],[-84.6986,35.718],[-84.6985,35.7253],[-84.699,35.733],[-84.6988,35.7411],[-84.7028,35.7416],[-84.7141,35.7422],[-84.7163,35.7468],[-84.7236,35.7532],[-84.7287,35.7523],[-84.7327,35.7506],[-84.7389,35.7516],[-84.7439,35.7539],[-84.7524,35.7567],[-84.7541,35.7594],[-84.7522,35.7667],[-84.751,35.7707],[-84.7464,35.7752],[-84.7419,35.7766],[-84.7379,35.7792],[-84.7383,35.7869],[-84.7377,35.7906],[-84.741,35.7933],[-84.7472,35.7948],[-84.7489,35.7952],[-84.7551,35.798],[-84.763,35.8022],[-84.7731,35.8114],[-84.7804,35.8123],[-84.7844,35.8124],[-84.7889,35.8152],[-84.7872,35.8165],[-84.7832,35.8187],[-84.7803,35.8237],[-84.7785,35.8268],[-84.7722,35.83],[-84.7659,35.8344],[-84.7578,35.8425],[-84.7492,35.8488],[-84.7383,35.8532],[-84.7309,35.859],[-84.7251,35.8653],[-84.7187,35.8734],[-84.7041,35.8941],[-84.6978,35.8999],[-84.6858,35.9025],[-84.6818,35.9052],[-84.6795,35.9075],[-84.6749,35.9115],[-84.6703,35.9155],[-84.6611,35.9181],[-84.6566,35.9199],[-84.653,35.9262],[-84.6502,35.928],[-84.6462,35.9275],[-84.6433,35.9288],[-84.6393,35.931],[-84.6319,35.9305],[-84.6256,35.9336],[-84.6194,35.934],[-84.6159,35.9385],[-84.609,35.9411],[-84.6067,35.9456],[-84.6049,35.9515],[-84.602,35.9524],[-84.5969,35.9501],[-84.5907,35.9486],[-84.5844,35.9495],[-84.5765,35.9503],[-84.5543,35.9505],[-84.5547,35.96],[-84.554,35.9645],[-84.5374,35.9707],[-84.5288,35.9738],[-84.5169,35.9759],[-84.4939,35.9847],[-84.4888,35.9851],[-84.4774,35.9849],[-84.4672,35.9839],[-84.4564,35.9842],[-84.4461,35.9863],[-84.4185,36.0027],[-84.4065,36.008],[-84.3983,36.0156],[-84.3868,36.0214],[-84.3573,36.0441],[-84.347,36.048],[-84.3418,36.0493],[-84.3397,36.0443],[-84.3359,36.0338],[-84.3343,36.0302],[-84.3327,36.0243],[-84.3257,36.0069],[-84.3204,35.9919],[-84.3094,35.9722],[-84.2854,35.9301],[-84.2721,35.9113],[-84.2716,35.9104]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Roane\",\"state\":\"TN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a816","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tucci, Patrick ptucci@usgs.gov","contributorId":926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucci","given":"Patrick","email":"ptucci@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":202896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30300,"text":"wri874227 - 1987 - Hydrology of the U.S. Army Pinon Canyon maneuver site, Las Animas County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:55","indexId":"wri874227","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4227","title":"Hydrology of the U.S. Army Pinon Canyon maneuver site, Las Animas County, Colorado","docAbstract":"The U.S. Department of the Army (Fort Carson Military Reservation) has acquired 381 sq mi of semiarid rangeland in southeastern Colorado for mechanized military maneuvers. The study area, known as the Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site, drains into the Purgatoire River, a major tributary of the upper Arkansas River. A multidisciplined hydrologic investigation began in October 1982. The primary aquifer in the Maneuver Site is the Dakota-Purgatoire. Well yields generally range from 10 to 500 gal/min. Dissolved solids concentrations in groundwater ranged from 195 to 6,150 mg/L. Streamflow in the Purgatoire River is perennial. Tributaries draining the Maneuver Site are intermittent or ephemeral and contribute only about 4.4% of the streamflow of the Purgatoire River downstream from the Maneuver Site. Flood frequencies were calculated by using the log Pearson III procedure and compared well with a regional estimating technique that was developed that uses physical drainage-basin characteristics. Calcium and sulfate are the predominant ions in the surface water of the area. Time-series plots indicate that instream water-quality standards for nitrate and metals are exceeded. About 80% of the suspended-sediment load is transported by rainfall runoff, which occurs less than 8% of the time. Ephermal tributaries contributed less than 25% of the suspended-sediment load transported to the Purgatoire River downstream from the Maneuver Site. Historic annual mean sediment yields were measured for 29 small watersheds. Sediment yields were measured for 29 small watersheds. Sediment yields ranged from 9.5 to 1,700 tons/sq mi. Sediment yields were estimated by a multiple-linear-regression model developed by using physical drainage-basin characteristics and by the Pacific Southwest Interagency Committee method. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874227","usgsCitation":"Von Guerard, P., Abbott, P., and Nickless, R.C., 1987, Hydrology of the U.S. Army Pinon Canyon maneuver site, Las Animas County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4227, x, 117 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874227.","productDescription":"x, 117 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124139,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4227/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59090,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4227/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59091,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4227/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59092,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4227/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67ca42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Von Guerard, Paul","contributorId":40620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Von Guerard","given":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Abbott, P.O.","contributorId":21154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abbott","given":"P.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nickless, Raymond C.","contributorId":69609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nickless","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":30324,"text":"wri874254 - 1987 - Cost-effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:51","indexId":"wri874254","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4254","title":"Cost-effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in Missouri","docAbstract":"This report documents the results of an evaluation of the cost effectiveness of the 1986 stream-gaging program in Missouri. Alternative methods of developing streamflow information and cost-effective resource allocation were used to evaluate the Missouri program. Alternative methods were considered statewide, but the cost effective resource allocation study was restricted to the area covered by the Rolla field headquarters. The average standard error of estimate for records of instantaneous discharge was 17 percent; assuming the 1986 budget and operating schedule, it was shown that this overall degree of accuracy could be improved to 16 percent by altering the 1986 schedule of station visitations. A minimum budget of $203,870, with a corresponding average standard error of estimate 17 percent, is required to operate the 1986 program for the Rolla field headquarters; a budget of less than this would not permit proper service and maintenance of the stations or adequate definition of stage-discharge relations. The maximum budget analyzed was $418,870, which resulted in an average standard error of estimate of 14 percent. Improved instrumentation can have a positive effect on streamflow uncertainties by decreasing lost records. An earlier study of data uses found that data uses were sufficient to justify continued operation of all stations. One of the stations investigated, Current River at Doniphan (07068000) was suitable for the application of alternative methods for simulating discharge records. However, the station was continued because of data use requirements. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874254","usgsCitation":"Waite, L., 1987, Cost-effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4254, iv, 38 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874254.","productDescription":"iv, 38 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122741,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4254/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59116,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4254/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e527","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waite, L.A.","contributorId":40995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30329,"text":"wri864125 - 1987 - Cost effectiveness of the U.S. Geological Survey's stream-gaging program in Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-20T12:57:04","indexId":"wri864125","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4125","title":"Cost effectiveness of the U.S. Geological Survey's stream-gaging program in Wisconsin","docAbstract":"

This report presents the results of a three-step evaluation of the stream-gaging program in Wisconsin. First, data uses and funding sources were identified for the 89 continuous-record gaging stations operated during the 1984 water year. Next, alternative methods of streamflow estimation were examined for three stations. A flow-routing model was used for two of the stations and a statistical model was used for the third. The modeled discharges did not compare well enough with observed discharges to warrant elimination of any of the stations. Finally, an optimization model was used to assess the cost effectiveness of the stream-gaging process.

\n

The annual budget, in 1984 dollars, for operating the 89 continuous-record gaging stations and 65 additional stations is $557,3000. Based on a Kalman-filter analysis, the theoretical average standard error of instantaneous discharge associated with the current practice of visiting the stations is 13.8%. This overall level of accuracy could be maintained with a budget of $518,6000 if stream-gaging activities were redistributed in an optimal fashion among the gaging stations. For the current budget, the theoretical average standard error would be reduced to 10.1% if the network is operated in an optimal fashion. Furthermore, the average standard error would be reduced to 7.3% if all missing record is eliminated and the network is operated optimally.

\n

A minimum budget of $510,000 is required to operate the program; a budget less than this does not permit proper service and maintenance of the gaging stations. At this minimum budget, the theoretical average standard error of instantaneous discharge is 14.4%. The maximum budget analyzed was $650,000 and resulted in an average standard of error of instantaneous discharge of 7.2%. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri864125","usgsCitation":"Walker, J., Osen, L., and Hughes, P., 1987, Cost effectiveness of the U.S. Geological Survey's stream-gaging program in Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4125, v, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864125.","productDescription":"v, 44 p.","numberOfPages":"49","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124026,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4125/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59122,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4125/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-10T12:39:44.576884","indexId":"wri874075","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4075","title":"Effluent migration from septic tank systems in two different lithologies, Broward County, Florida","docAbstract":"Two septic tank test sites, one in sand and one in limestone, in Broward County, Florida, were analyzed for effluent migration. Groundwater from shallow wells, both in background areas and hydraulically down-gradient of the septic tank system, was sampled during a 16-month period from April 1983 through August 1984. Water quality indicators were used to determine the effluent affected zone near the septic tank systems. Specific conductance levels and concentrations of chloride, sulfate, ammonium, and nitrate indicated effluent movement primarily in a vertical direction with abrupt dilution as it moved down-gradient. Effluent was detected in the sand to a depth more than 20 ft below the septic tank outlet, but was diluted to near background conditions 50 ft down-gradient from the tank. Effluent in the limestone was detected in all three observation wells to depths exceeding 25 ft below the septic tank outlet and was diluted, but still detectable, 40 ft down-gradient. The primary controls on effluent movement from septic tank systems in Broward County are the lithology and layering of the geologic materials, hydraulic gradients, and the volume and type of use the system receives. (Author 's abstract)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874075","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Broward County","usgsCitation":"Waller, B., Howie, B., and Causaras, C., 1987, Effluent migration from septic tank systems in two different lithologies, Broward County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4075, iv, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874075.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123824,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4075/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":59137,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4075/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.23 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Broward 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","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db6064fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waller, B.G.","contributorId":75970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waller","given":"B.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Howie, Barbara","contributorId":54248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howie","given":"Barbara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Causaras, C. R.","contributorId":66679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Causaras","given":"C. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":30376,"text":"wri854250 - 1987 - Surface-water quality in Pequea Creek basin, Pennsylvania, 1977-79","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-12T21:32:46.35125","indexId":"wri854250","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4250","title":"Surface-water quality in Pequea Creek basin, Pennsylvania, 1977-79","docAbstract":"

A study of the Pequea Creek basin was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Susquehanna River Basin Commission and the EPA from February 1977 through March 1979. Pequea Creek drains an intensive agricultural area of 154 sq mi in southeastern Pennsylvania, and enters the Susquehanna River 30 mi north of the Chesapeake Bay. The study included measurement of streamflow and collection of water and bottom material samples from seven sites in the basin during selected base flows and storms. Water samples were collected daily at a site near the mouth of Pequea Creek, and analyzed for suspended sediment, nitrogen and phosphorus species, organic carbon, and pesticides. Some groundwater samples also were collected and analyzed for nitrate. Annual yields measured from the basin during the study period were 1,950 ton/sq mi for suspended sediment, 13.8 ton/sq mi for total nitrogen, and 1.8 ton/sq mi for phosphorus. These yields are five times higher than any previously measured in the Susquehanna River basin. The discharges of all constituents monitored increased with increasing flow, indicated that a large amount of material in the basin is available for transport to streams during storms. The large yields of nitrogen and phosphorus are probably caused by the intensive agriculture in the basin coupled with large applications of fertilizer and manure to farm fields. Chemical analyses of rainfall samples indicate that precipitation was not a significant source of nitrogen and phosphorus. Excluding nitrate, all constituents measured were transported mainly during storms. Nitrate concentrations during base flow were as high as 10 mg/L as N--the Environmental Protection Agency standard for domestic water supplies. Groundwater sampled from farm wells had nitrate concentrations up to 28 mg/L as N. The largest concentrations of herbicides detected in Pequea basin were for 2,4-D, atrazine, and simazine. The maximum concentrations observed during storms were 1.2, 24, and 5.4 micrograms/L, respectively. The insecticides chlordane and DDT had mean concentrations of 0.02 and 0.01 micrograms/L, respectively. Lindane, PCB, and heptachlor slightly exceed maximum limits during storms.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854250","usgsCitation":"Ward, J.R., 1987, Surface-water quality in Pequea Creek basin, Pennsylvania, 1977-79: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4250, v, 66 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854250.","productDescription":"v, 66 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":410320,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36395.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":59158,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4250/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159740,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4250/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Pequea Creek basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.408,\n 40.031\n ],\n [\n -76.408,\n 39.867\n ],\n [\n -75.88,\n 39.867\n ],\n [\n -75.88,\n 40.031\n ],\n [\n -76.408,\n 40.031\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fbca7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ward, J. R.","contributorId":18015,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ward","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30413,"text":"wri874126 - 1987 - Preliminary assessment of water quality in the alluvial aquifer of the Puerco River basin, Northeastern Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:58","indexId":"wri874126","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4126","title":"Preliminary assessment of water quality in the alluvial aquifer of the Puerco River basin, Northeastern Arizona","docAbstract":"The quality of groundwater in the alluvial aquifer of the Puerco River basin, northeastern Arizona, was evaluated in order to assess potential contamination from uranium mining and milling operations in New Mexico. A total of 14 wells and 1 spring were sampled to determine if a contaminant plume of radionuclides or trace elements is present. The water is characterized by high dissolved solids with a median of 698 mg/l and high concentrations of alkalinity, sodium, and sulfate. Except for iron, manganese, and strontium, the concentrations of trace elements generally are below the applicable EPA and State of Arizona maximum contaminant levels. Gross alpha activity has a median of 27 picocuries/l and ranges from 4 to 42 picocuries/l. Uranium, which accounts for most of the gross alpha activity, has a median concentration of 19 micrograms/l and ranges from 1 to 38 micrograms/l. Twenty percent to 84% of the gross alpha activity was derived from other undetermined radionuclides. Other radionuclides, including radium-226 and radium-228, generally are not present in activities > 5 picocuries/l in the water. Statistical analysis of the water quality data suggest that no contaminant plume can be defined on the basis of samples from existing wells. The contamination in the alluvial aquifer apparently does not change in the downstream direction along the Puerco River. The geochemistry of radionuclides indicates that most radionuclides from the uranium-decay series are immobile or only slightly mobile, whereas uranium will not precipitate out of solution but may be removed by sorption in the alluvial aquifer. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874126","usgsCitation":"Webb, R.H., Rink, G., and Radtke, D.B., 1987, Preliminary assessment of water quality in the alluvial aquifer of the Puerco River basin, Northeastern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4126, vi, 70 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874126.","productDescription":"vi, 70 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160086,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4126/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59183,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4126/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c9b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Webb, R. H.","contributorId":13648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rink, G.R.","contributorId":63829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rink","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Radtke, D. B.","contributorId":72821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Radtke","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":30419,"text":"wri874138 - 1987 - Regional Aquifer-System Analysis Program of the US Geological Survey; bibliography, 1978-86","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:55","indexId":"wri874138","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4138","title":"Regional Aquifer-System Analysis Program of the US Geological Survey; bibliography, 1978-86","docAbstract":"The Regional Aquifer-System Analysis Program of the U.S. Geological Survey was initiated in 1978. The purpose of this program is to define the regional geohydrology and establish a framework of background information on geology, hydrology, and geochemistry of the Nation 's important aquifer systems. This information is needed to develop an understanding of the Nation 's major groundwater flow systems and to support better groundwater resources management. As of 1986, investigations of 28 regional aquifer systems were planned, investigations of 9 regional aquifer systems were completed, and 11 regional aquifer systems were being studied. This report is a bibliography of reports completed under the Regional Aquifer-System Analysis Program from 1978 through 1986. The reports resulting from each regional aquifer-system study are listed after an introduction to the study. During 1978-86, 488 reports were completed under the Regional Aquifer-System Analysis Program, and 168 reports which were partially funded by the Regional Aquifer-System Analysis Program were completed under the National Research Program. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874138","usgsCitation":"Weeks, J., and Sun, R.J., 1987, Regional Aquifer-System Analysis Program of the US Geological Survey; bibliography, 1978-86: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4138, iv, 81 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874138.","productDescription":"iv, 81 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159800,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4138/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59187,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4138/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db6350d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weeks, J.B.","contributorId":61426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weeks","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sun, Ren Jen","contributorId":68721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sun","given":"Ren","email":"","middleInitial":"Jen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30421,"text":"wri864170 - 1987 - Selected hydrologic and physical properties of Mesozoic formations in the Upper Colorado River Basin in Arizona, Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming: Excluding the San Juan Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-18T20:52:37.11335","indexId":"wri864170","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4170","title":"Selected hydrologic and physical properties of Mesozoic formations in the Upper Colorado River Basin in Arizona, Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming: Excluding the San Juan Basin","docAbstract":"

Data for hydrologic and physical properties of Mesozoic formations in the Upper Colorado River Basin, excluding the San Juan Basin, have been collected by government agencies, private industry, property owners, and other sources. These data were compiled and analyzed so that they would be available for use by hydrologists, earth scientists, planners, and others. Five methods of data analysis are discussed. The results of these five methods are not directly comparable because of differences in the volume of an aquifer represented by each method. Aquifer tests represent the largest volume of an aquifer, specific capacity and drill-stem tests represent a smaller volume, slug-injection tests represent a still smaller volume, and laboratory tests represent the smallest volume. Because they represent large volumes of an aquifer, aquifer tests were considered to give the best estimates of hydrologic characteristics. Laboratory data for permeability to air and hydraulic conductivity were determined to be related by a simple power function.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri864170","usgsCitation":"Weigel, J.F., 1987, Selected hydrologic and physical properties of Mesozoic formations in the Upper Colorado River Basin in Arizona, Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming: Excluding the San Juan Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4170, v, 68 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864170.","productDescription":"v, 68 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":403955,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36595.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":59189,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4170/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159807,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4170/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Colorado, Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"upper Colorado River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -106,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -106,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -112,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -112,\n 36\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4b90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weigel, J. F.","contributorId":74394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weigel","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30426,"text":"wri864012 - 1987 - Ground-water flow in the Navajo sandstone in parts of Emery, Grand, Carbon, Wayne, Garfield, and Kane counties, southeast Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:55","indexId":"wri864012","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4012","title":"Ground-water flow in the Navajo sandstone in parts of Emery, Grand, Carbon, Wayne, Garfield, and Kane counties, southeast Utah","docAbstract":"A finite-difference model of one layer was constructed to determine groundwater flow directions and magnitudes in the Navajo Sandstone of southeast Utah. Hydraulic head data, hydraulic conductivity data, precipitation data, and other data collected in the area were used in constructing and calibrating the model. Sensitivity of the model to unknown aspects of the groundwater system was investigated. Simulation error attributable to grid-size error was unexpectedly large, but compared to the uncertainty in the groundwater system, simulation error was not large. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864012","usgsCitation":"Weiss, E., 1987, Ground-water flow in the Navajo sandstone in parts of Emery, Grand, Carbon, Wayne, Garfield, and Kane counties, southeast Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4012, iv, 41 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864012.","productDescription":"iv, 41 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124110,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4012/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59200,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4012/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaee4b07f02db66c414","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weiss, Emanuel","contributorId":74383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiss","given":"Emanuel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30431,"text":"wri874151 - 1987 - Investigation of techniques to estimate rainfall-loss parameters for Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:56","indexId":"wri874151","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4151","title":"Investigation of techniques to estimate rainfall-loss parameters for Illinois","docAbstract":"An attempt was made by the U.S. Geological Survey to develop parameter-estimation techniques for two rainfall-loss computation methods used in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers ' flood-hydrograph model (HEC-1). Six rainfall-loss parameters were investigated - four for the Exponential Loss-Rate method and two for the Initial and Uniform Loss-Rate method. Multiple-regression analyses using data from 616 storms at 98 gaged basins were used to attempt to develop parameter-estimation techniques for ungaged basins in Illinois. Techniques were evaluated using 102 storms at 36 uncalibrated gage basins. Estimated unit-hydrograph and rainfall-loss parameters were used to compute discharge hydrograph characteristics, which were compared with characteristics of observed discharge hydrographs. Seventy and 50% of the simulations using the Exponential Loss-Rate and the Initial and Uniform Loss-Rate methods, respectively, produced valid hydrographs. Model-sensitivity analyses to one standard error of estimate indicate that the storm-dependent rainfall-loss parameters are most significant in reproducing the sum of incremental flows and peak discharge. Time of concentrations and storage coefficient are significant in reproducing time to peak discharge and peak discharge, respectively. The small percentage of variation explained by the estimation techniques and the evaluation results using 102 storms indicates that a large degree of uncertainty exists in the computed hydrographs. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874151","usgsCitation":"Weiss, L., and Ishii, A.L., 1987, Investigation of techniques to estimate rainfall-loss parameters for Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4151, v, 53 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874151.","productDescription":"v, 53 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123339,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4151/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59210,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4151/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4779e4b07f02db47f3ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weiss, L.S.","contributorId":42261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiss","given":"L.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ishii, A. L.","contributorId":61464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ishii","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30434,"text":"wri874004 - 1987 - Effects of runoff controls on the quantity and quality of urban runoff at two locations in Austin, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T11:41:39","indexId":"wri874004","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4004","title":"Effects of runoff controls on the quantity and quality of urban runoff at two locations in Austin, Texas","docAbstract":"

Rapid urban development in the Austin metropolitan area, Texas, is causing concern about increasing peak discharges from storm runoff and the degradation of the quality of water in receiving streams, lakes, and aquifers. In an attempt to decrease peak discharges and improve water quality, runoff controls are being required in some watersheds. This report summarizes the precipitation, streamflow, and water-quality data collected from September 1982 to September 1984 upstream and downstream from runoff controls at two locations, and presents the effects of these runoff controls on streamflow and the quality of runoff water. The two controls are a detention and filtering pond near Barton Creek Square Shopping Center, a large shopping center southwest of downtown Austin, and a grass-swale control in the Al ta Vista Planned Unit Development, a multipie-family housing area.

\n

At Barton Creek Square Shopping Center, rainfall for the storms analyzed ranged from 0.14 to 2.88 inches. The rainfall rate for the September 7, 1983, storm exceeded the 100-year return period for the 5- and 10-minute duration and was equal to the 50-year return period for the 15-minute duration. Peak discharge at the inflow station to the detention pond was closely related to the maximum rainfall during a 5-minute period and occurred about 10 minutes later. The maximum inflow at this station was 185 cubic feet per second and appeared to be the limit of the storm sewer system. For small- and moderate-sized storms, the runoff is contained in the detention pond and passes through a filter system. Runoff from large storms overflows into the drop outlet. For storms contained in the pond, peak discharges at the outflow station generally were less than 3.1 cubic feet per second. As time passed, the outflow peak discharges tended to decrease as a result of reduced permeability of the filter. Cleaning the filter appeared to increase the peak flows but did not restore them to the previous level. The runoff-rainfall ratio averaged 0.85 at the inflow station and 0.36 at the outflow station. A water budget shows unexplained losses to average 20 percent.

\n

At the Barton Creek Square Shopping Center, discharge-weighted densities of fecal-col iform and fecal-streptococci bacteria and discharge-weighted concentrations of biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total organic carbon, suspended solids, total ammonia plus organic nitrogen, and total phosphorus generally were larger in the inflow than in the outflow. Discharge-weighted concentrations of dissolved lead, dissolved iron, and dissolved zinc generally were small in both the inflow and outflow; however, the larger discharge-weighted concentrations of these constituents generally were found in the inflow. Discharge-weighted concentrations of volatile dissolved solids were smaller in the inflow than in the outflow for 10 of the 22 storms analyzed. Discharge-weighted concentrations of total nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen and dissolved solids generally were much smaller in the inflow than in the outflow. It is likely that organic and ammonia nitrogen trapped in the pond from previous storms and in the inflow water as it flows through the pond is being oxidized to nitrite and nitrate nitrogen. Similarly, dissolved solids retained in the filter or on the bed of the pond from previous storms are being leached to the outflow.

\n

Measured peak concentrations or densities of most constituents in the inflow were significantly larger than those in the outflow for most constituents. An exception was noted for concentrations of total nitrite plus nitrate which were larger in the outflow than the inflow as indicated by discrete sample analysis for six storms.

\n

Loads of most constituents and total numbers of bacteria were significantly larger in the inflow than in the outflow. The total numbers of bacteria were reduced by approximately 80 percent. Average removal efficiencies for suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, total organic carbon, chemical oxygen demand, and dissolved zinc ranged between 60 and 80 percent. The average loads of dissolved solids were approximately 13 percent larger in the outflow than the inflow. Average loads of total nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen were approximately 110 percent larger in the outflow than in the inflow. The increase in loads of these constituents is due to material being leached from the bed of the pond or from the filter system.

\n

At Al ta Vista, rainfall for the storms analyzed ranged from 0.25 to 2.00 inches. The maximum rainfall intensity was 0.30 inch for a 5-minute interval. The runoff-rainfall ratio averaged 0.42 and appeared to be evenly distributed about the mean ratio line. The peak discharge at the inflow station to the grass-covered swale area was 0.93 cubic foot per second. Inaccuracies of discharge at the outflow station and variations in the ungaged drainage area with the size of the storm prevented a hydrologic analysis of the basin above this station.

\n

Discharge-weighted concentrations of total phosphorus were larger in the outflow than in the inflow for each of the 19 storms analyzed. Discharge-weighted concentrations of dissolved solids, volatile dissolved solids, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, and total organic carbon were larger in the outflow than in the inflow for at least 12 of the 19 storms analyzed. Discharge-weighted densities of fecal streptococci were decreased between the inflow and outflow, with discharge-weighted densities of fecal streptococci being less in the outflow for 15 of the 19 storms analyzed. Because of the relatively small variations in concentrations and densities of constituents between the inflow and outflow sites, and because of the errors in discharge at the outflow gage, it is not feasible to determine the effect of the grass-covered swales on discharge-weighted concentrations and densities of water-quality constituents.

\n

Discrete concentrations or densities of most constituents were not decreased. Peak concentrations of dissolved solids in the outflow exceeded peak concentrations in the inflow for all five of the storms analyzed with discrete samples. Peak concentrations of suspended solids, total ammonia plus organic nitrogen, total nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen, and dissolved iron were larger in the outflow than in the inflow for four of the five storms analyzed. Load-removal efficiencies of water-quality constituents could not be determined because of inaccuracies in measuring discharge at the outflow site,

\n

 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri874004","usgsCitation":"Welborn, C.T., and Veenhuis, J.E., 1987, Effects of runoff controls on the quantity and quality of urban runoff at two locations in Austin, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4004, ix, 101 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874004.","productDescription":"ix, 101 p.","numberOfPages":"111","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126680,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4004/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59212,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4004/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Austin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.8607177734375,\n 30.205080822715594\n ],\n [\n -97.8607177734375,\n 30.42144037217422\n ],\n [\n -97.63961791992188,\n 30.42144037217422\n ],\n [\n -97.63961791992188,\n 30.205080822715594\n ],\n [\n -97.8607177734375,\n 30.205080822715594\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db611275","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welborn, Clarence T.","contributorId":53652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welborn","given":"Clarence","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Veenhuis, Jack E.","contributorId":66745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Veenhuis","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30448,"text":"wri874241 - 1987 - Low-flow traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, and reaeration characteristics of the Souris River from Lake Darling Dam to J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-06T23:01:45.657781","indexId":"wri874241","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4241","title":"Low-flow traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, and reaeration characteristics of the Souris River from Lake Darling Dam to J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge, North Dakota","docAbstract":"

As part of the Souris River water-quality assessment, traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, and reaeration measurements were made during September 1983 on segments of the 186-mile reach of the Sour is River from Lake Darling Dam to the J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge. The primary objective was to determine traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, and reaeration coefficients during low flow. Streamflow in the reach ranged from 10.5 to 47.0 cubic feet per second during the measurement period.

On the basis of channel and hydraulic characteristics, the 186-mile reach was subdivided into five subreaches that ranged from 18 to 55 river miles in length. Within each subreach, representative test reaches that ranged from 5.0 to 9.1 river miles in length were selected for tracer injection and sample collection. Standard fluorometric techniques were used to measure traveltime and longitudinal dispersion, and a modified tracer technique that used ethylene and propane gas was used to measure reaeration. Mean test-reach velocities ranged from 0.05 to 0.30 foot per second, longitudinal-dispersion coefficients ranged from 4.2 to 61 square feet per second, and reaeration coefficients based on propane ranged from 0.39 to 1.66 per day.

Predictive reaeration coefficients obtained from 18 equations (8 semiempirical and 10 empirical) were compared with each measured reaeration coefficient by use of an error-of-estimate analysis. The predictive reaeration coefficients ranged from 0.0008 to 3.4 per day. A semiempirical equation that produced coefficients most similar to the measured coefficients had the smallest absolute error of estimate (0.35). The smallest absolute error of estimate for the empirical equations was 0.41.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874241","usgsCitation":"Wesolowski, E.A., and Nelson, R.A., 1987, Low-flow traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, and reaeration characteristics of the Souris River from Lake Darling Dam to J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge, North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4241, ix, 66 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874241.","productDescription":"ix, 66 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":411539,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46893.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":59231,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4241/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119549,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4241/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Darling Dam, Souris River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.0667,\n 50.525\n ],\n [\n -104.5903,\n 50.525\n ],\n [\n -104.5903,\n 47.7542\n ],\n [\n -99.0667,\n 47.7542\n ],\n [\n -99.0667,\n 50.525\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db6487dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wesolowski, E. A.","contributorId":46127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wesolowski","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, R. A.","contributorId":96727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30460,"text":"wri844061 - 1987 - Overview of surface-water quality in Ohio's coal regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:55","indexId":"wri844061","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4061","title":"Overview of surface-water quality in Ohio's coal regions","docAbstract":"This report is designed to provide the nontechnical audience with some of the results of an 'Assessment of Water Quality in Streams Draining Coal-Producing Areas in Ohio,' by Christine L. Pfaff and others (published by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1981). The purpose of the assessment was to document the occurrence of certain chemical constituents in streams in Ohio's coal region and determine to what extent the presence of these constituents was related to mining.\r\n\r\nOhio's most productive coal seams are associated with the Allegheny and Monongahela Formation of Pennsylvanian age. These coals were mined by underground methods very early in Ohio's history. Underground mining continues in the state today; however, surface mining now produces significantly more coal. Acid mine drainage from unreclaimed surface and underground mines has affected surface-water quality in Ohio for many years, and recently has led to establishment of reclamation programs by State and Federal agencies.\r\n\r\nIn their assessment of Ohio's coal region, Pfaff and others sampled 150 sites in small watersheds underlain by the Allegheny and the Monogahela Formations. Each site represented only one of four land-use types (active-mine, unmined, abandoned-mine, or reclaimed).\r\n\r\nStatistical analysis of data from the unmined, abandoned-mine, and reclaimed sites showed that there were significant differences in pH, specific conductance, alkalinity, and concentrations of sulfate and aluminum among abandoned-mine and unmined sites. Reclaimed sites had average pH values and aluminum concentrations similar to those unmined sites. Average specific conductance and sulfate concentrations were about the same for reclaimed abandoned-mine sites, but were significantly lower at unmined sites; specific conductance and sulfate concentration, in fact, proved to be reliable indicators of basins that had been disturbed by mining. Alkalinity was significantly different for all three land uses, the highest values being found at reclaimed sites. The relationship revealed by this study may be useful in designing future water-quality sampling programs in Ohio's coal region.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844061","usgsCitation":"Westover, S., and Eberle, M., 1987, Overview of surface-water quality in Ohio's coal regions: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4061, iv, 32 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844061.","productDescription":"iv, 32 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124455,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4061/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59237,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4061/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db68a19b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Westover, Susan","contributorId":90349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westover","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eberle, Michael","contributorId":39770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberle","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30492,"text":"wri874111 - 1987 - Techniques for estimating flood-depth frequency relations for streams in West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:58","indexId":"wri874111","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4111","title":"Techniques for estimating flood-depth frequency relations for streams in West Virginia","docAbstract":"Multiple regression analyses are applied to data from 119 U.S. Geological Survey streamflow stations to develop equations that estimate baseline depth (depth of 50% flow duration) and 100-yr flood depth on unregulated streams in West Virginia. Drainage basin characteristics determined from the 100-yr flood depth analysis were used to develop 2-, 10-, 25-, 50-, and 500-yr regional flood depth equations. Two regions with distinct baseline depth equations and three regions with distinct flood depth equations are delineated. Drainage area is the most significant independent variable found in the central and northern areas of the state where mean basin elevation also is significant. The equations are applicable to any unregulated site in West Virginia where values of independent variables are within the range evaluated for the region. Examples of inapplicable sites include those in reaches below dams, within and directly upstream from bridge or culvert constrictions, within encroached reaches, in karst areas, and where streams flow through lakes or swamps. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874111","usgsCitation":"Wiley, J., 1987, Techniques for estimating flood-depth frequency relations for streams in West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4111, iv, 17 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874111.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160161,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4111/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59273,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4111/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685c9a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiley, J.B.","contributorId":76739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiley","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30494,"text":"wri864187 - 1987 - Characteristics and properties of the basin-fill aquifer determined from three test wells west of Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-12T14:15:55","indexId":"wri864187","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4187","title":"Characteristics and properties of the basin-fill aquifer determined from three test wells west of Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico","docAbstract":"

Three test wells were drilled west of Albuquerque; two are on the mesa west of the city, the third well is near the Rio Grande flood plain, west of the river. Test well 1, was drilled to a depth of 1,204 ft. Transmissivity of perforated intervals in the alluvial zone (980-1121 ft) ranged from 3.1 to 3.9 ft sq/day, and horizontal hydraulic conductivity from .02 to .03 ft/day. Vertical hydraulic conductivity of the semiconfining layer between the alluvial and volcanic zones is estimated to range from .00031 to .0031 ft/day. Transmissivity of the volcanic zone (1139-1179 ft) is about 81 ft sq/day, and horizontal hydraulic conductivity is about 2.0 ft/day. Dissolved-iron and manganese concentrations exceed recommended constituent limits for a public water supply. Vertical flow is upward; the potentiometric surface in the volcanic zone is about 2 ft higher than in the alluvial zone. Water levels are about 883 ft below land surface. Test well 2 was drilled to a depth of 1,828 ft below land surface with seven intervals open to the aquifer. During development, fine sand and silt entered the casing, filling it to a depth of 1,500 ft. The dissolved-cadmium concentration exceeds the maximum contaminant level and the dissolved-manganese concentration exceeds the recommended constituent limit for a public water supply. The vertical flow gradient is downward; the potentiometric surface in the middle and lower zones is about 17 ft lower than in the upper zones. Depth to water in the upper zone is about 767 below land surface and in the lower two zones the depth to water is about 784 ft below land surface. Test well 3 was drilled to a depth of 1,050 ft. Only the interval from 490 to 590 ft below land surface could be used to calculate transmissivity which was about 1,300 ft sq/day; horizontal hydraulic conductivity is about 13 ft/day. Quality of water is acceptable for a public water supply. Vertical flow is downward; the potentiometric surface in the deepest interval is about 7 ft lower than that in the uppermost zone. In the shallow interval from 350 to 590 ft below land surface, depth to water is about 24 ft below land surface. In the interval from 710 to 790 ft below land surface, depth to water is about 29 ft below land surface and in the interval from 870 to 1,050 ft below land surface, depth to water is 31 ft below land surface. (Author's abstract)

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri864187","usgsCitation":"Wilkins, D.W., 1987, Characteristics and properties of the basin-fill aquifer determined from three test wells west of Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4187, Report: vii, 78 p.; 3 Plates: 20.36 x 28.15 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864187.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 78 p.; 3 Plates: 20.36 x 28.15 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160163,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4187/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":369128,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4187/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":369129,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4187/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":369130,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4187/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":369131,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4187/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Bernalillo County","city":"Albuquerque","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.79809570312499,\n 34.985003130171066\n ],\n [\n -106.3916015625,\n 34.985003130171066\n ],\n [\n -106.3916015625,\n 35.191766965947394\n ],\n [\n -106.79809570312499,\n 35.191766965947394\n ],\n [\n -106.79809570312499,\n 34.985003130171066\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de8ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilkins, D. W.","contributorId":97471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilkins","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30511,"text":"wri874006 - 1987 - Estimates of streamflow characteristics for selected small streams, Baker River basin, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:58","indexId":"wri874006","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4006","title":"Estimates of streamflow characteristics for selected small streams, Baker River basin, Washington","docAbstract":"Regression equations were used to estimate streamflow characteristics at eight ungaged sites on small streams in the Baker River basin in the North Cascade Mountains, Washington, that could be suitable for run-of-the-river hydropower development. The regression equations were obtained by relating known streamflow characteristics at 25 gaging stations in nearby basins to several physical and climatic variables that could be easily measured in gaged or ungaged basins. The known streamflow characteristics were mean annual flows, 1-, 3-, and 7-day low flows and high flows, mean monthly flows, and flow duration. Drainage area and mean annual precipitation were not the most significant variables in all the regression equations. Variance in the low flows and the summer mean monthly flows was reduced by including an index of glacierized area within the basin as a third variable. Standard errors of estimate of the regression equations ranged from 25 to 88%, and the largest errors were associated with the low flow characteristics. Discharge measurements made at the eight sites near midmonth each month during 1981 were used to estimate monthly mean flows at the sites for that period. These measurements also were correlated with concurrent daily mean flows from eight operating gaging stations. The correlations provided estimates of mean monthly flows that compared reasonably well with those estimated by the regression analyses. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874006","usgsCitation":"Williams, J., 1987, Estimates of streamflow characteristics for selected small streams, Baker River basin, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4006, iii, 28 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874006.","productDescription":"iii, 28 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119407,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4006/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59285,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4006/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fcaca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, John R.","contributorId":41832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"John R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30540,"text":"wri874083 - 1987 - Ground-water flow and water quality in northeastern Union County, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:08","indexId":"wri874083","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4083","title":"Ground-water flow and water quality in northeastern Union County, Ohio","docAbstract":"A study was done by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Village of Richwood, Ohio, to determine directions of ground-water flow, ground-water-level fluctuations, and water quality in the northeastern part of Union County.\r\n\r\nThe topography of the study area generally is featureless, and the land surfaces slopes gently eastward from 985 to 925 feet above sea level. Glacial deposits up to 48 feet thick cover the carbonate-bedrock aquifer. Three municipal wells and an adjoining abandoned landfill are located in an area previously excavated for clay deposits. An agricultural supply company is adjacent to the well field.\r\n\r\nGround water flows from west to east with local variation to the northeast and southeast because of the influence of Fulton Creek. Richwood Lake occupies an abandoned sand-and-gravel quarry. Water-level fluctuations indicate that the and gravel deposits beneath the lake may be hydraulically connected to the bedrock aquifer.\r\n\r\nWater-quality data collected from 14 wells and Richwood Lake indicate that a hard to very hard calcium bicarbonate type water is characteristic of the study area. Dissolved solids ranged from 200 to 720 mg/L (Milligrams per liter) throughout the study area.\r\n\r\nPotassium ranged from 1.3 to 15 mg/L, with a median concentration of 2.0 mg/L. Concentration of 10 and 15 mg/L at one municipal well were five to eight times greater than the median concentration.\r\n\r\nTotal organic carbon, ammonia, and organic nitrogen were present at every site. Concentrations of ammonia above 1 mg/L as nitrogen were found in water from two municipal wells and one domestic well. Total organic carbon was detected at a municipal well, a landfill well, and a domestic well at concentrations above 5 mg/L.\r\n\r\nGround-water quality is similar throughout the study area except in the vicinity of the municipal well field, where water from one well had elevated concentrations of ammonia, dissolved manganese, dissolved chloride, dissolved, sodium, and total organic carbon.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874083","usgsCitation":"Wilson, K.S., 1987, Ground-water flow and water quality in northeastern Union County, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4083, v, 52 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874083.","productDescription":"v, 52 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124042,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4083/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59315,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4083/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cdc0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, K. S.","contributorId":41042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30563,"text":"wri874010 - 1987 - Relation between ground water and surface water in the Hillsborough River basin, west-central Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:59","indexId":"wri874010","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4010","title":"Relation between ground water and surface water in the Hillsborough River basin, west-central Florida","docAbstract":"The relation between groundwater and surface water in the Hillsborough River basin was defined through the use of: seismic-reflection profiling along selected reaches of the Hillsborough River, and evaluation of streamflow, rainfall, groundwater levels, water quality, and geologic data. Major municipal well fields in the basin are Morris Bridge and Cypress Creek where an averages of 15.3 and 30.0 million gal/day (mgd), respectively, were pumped in 1980. Mean annual rainfall for the study area is 53.7 inches. Average rainfall for 1980, determined from eight rainfall stations, was 49.7 inches. Evapotranspiration, corrected for the 5% of the basin that is standing water, was 35.7 in/year. The principal geohydrologic units in the basin are the surficial aquifer, the intermediate aquifer and confining beds, the Upper Floridan aquifer, the middle confining unit, and the Lower Floridan aquifer. Total pumpage of groundwater in 1980 was 98.18 mgd. The surficial aquifer and the intermediate aquifer are not used for major groundwater supply in the basin. Continuous marine seismic-reflection data collected along selected reaches of the Hillsborough River were interpreted to define the riverbed profile, the thickness of surficial deposits, and the top of persistent limestone. Major areas of groundwater discharge near the Hillsborough River and its tributaries are the wetlands adjacent to the river between the Zephyrhills gaging stations and Fletcher Avenue and the wetlands adjacent to Cypress Creek. An estimated 20 mgd seeps upward from the Upper Floridan aquifer within those wetland areas. The runoff/sq mi is greater at the Zephyrhills station than at Morris Bridge. However, results of groundwater flow models and potentiometric-surface maps indicate that groundwater is flowing upward along the Hillsborough River between the Zephyrhills gage and the Morris Bridge gage. This upward leakage is lost to evapotranspiration. An aquifer test conducted in 1978 at the Morris Bridge well field was evaluated by using an anisotropic method. Analytical results matched observed water levels within 0.1 ft. Analysis of aquifer test results indicates that withdrawals of up to 28 mgd would have a negligible effect on the river stage or flow. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874010","usgsCitation":"Wolansky, R., and Thompson, T.H., 1987, Relation between ground water and surface water in the Hillsborough River basin, west-central Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4010, vi, 58 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874010.","productDescription":"vi, 58 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160079,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4010/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59328,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4010/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4d06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolansky, R. M.","contributorId":89163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolansky","given":"R. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, T. H.","contributorId":23927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30605,"text":"wri854308 - 1987 - Simulation of ground-water flow near the nuclear-fuel reprocessing facility at the Western New York Nuclear Service Center, Cattaraugus County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:13","indexId":"wri854308","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4308","title":"Simulation of ground-water flow near the nuclear-fuel reprocessing facility at the Western New York Nuclear Service Center, Cattaraugus County, New York","docAbstract":"A two-dimensional finite-difference model was developed to simulate groundwater flow in a surficial sand and gravel deposit underlying the nuclear fuel reprocessing facility at Western New York Nuclear Service Center near West Valley, N.Y. The sand and gravel deposit overlies a till plateau that abuts an upland area of siltstone and shale on its west side, and is bounded on the other three sides by deeply incised stream channels that drain to Buttermilk Creek, a tributary to Cattaraugus Creek. Radioactive materials are stored within the reprocessing plant and are also buried within a till deposit at the facility. Tritiated water is stored in a lagoon system near the plant and released under permit to Franks Creek, a tributary to Buttermilk Creek. Groundwater levels predicted by steady-state simulations closely matched those measured in 23 observation wells, with an average error of 0.5 meter. Simulated groundwater discharges to two stream channels and a subsurface drain were within 5% of recorded values. Steady-state simulations used an average annual recharge rate of 46 cm/yr; predicted evapotranspiration loss from the ground was 20 cm/yr. The lateral range in hydraulic conductivity obtained through model calibration was 0.6 to 10 m/day. Model simulations indicated that 33% of the groundwater discharged from the sand and gravel unit (2.6 L/sec) is lost by evapotranspiration, 3% (3.0 L/sec) flows to seepage faces at the periphery of the plateau, 20% (1.6 L/sec) discharges to stream channels that drain a large wetland area near the center of the plateau, and the remaining 8% (0.6 L/sec) discharges to a subsurface french drain and to a wastewater treatment system. Groundwater levels computed by a transient-state simulation of an annual climatic cycle, including seasonal variation in recharge and evapotranspiration, closely matched water levels measured in eight observation wells. The model predicted that the subsurface drain and the stream channel that drains the wetland would intercept most of the recharge originating near the reprocessing plant. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854308","usgsCitation":"Yager, R.M., 1987, Simulation of ground-water flow near the nuclear-fuel reprocessing facility at the Western New York Nuclear Service Center, Cattaraugus County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4308, vi, 58 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854308.","productDescription":"vi, 58 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161180,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4308/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59372,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4308/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59371,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4308/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f7e4b07f02db5f250a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yager, R. M.","contributorId":8069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yager","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}