{"pageNumber":"194","pageRowStart":"4825","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11364,"records":[{"id":1013333,"text":"1013333 - 2002 - Genetic parentage and mate guarding in the Arctic-breedng Western Sandpiper","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-09T15:03:39","indexId":"1013333","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic parentage and mate guarding in the Arctic-breedng Western Sandpiper","docAbstract":"<p><span>Extrapair copulations and fertilizations are common among birds, especially in passerines. So far, however, few studies have examined genetic mating systems in socially monogamous shorebirds. Here, we examine parentage in the Western Sandpiper (</span><i>Calidris mauri</i><span>). Given that Western Sandpipers nest at high densities on the Arctic tundra, have separate nesting and feeding areas, and show high divorce rates between years, we expected extrapair paternity to be more common in this species compared to other monogamous shorebirds. However, DNA fingerprinting of 98 chicks from 40 families revealed that only 8% of broods contained young sired by extrapair males, and that 5% of all chicks were extrapair. All chicks were the genetic offspring of their social mothers. We found that males followed females more often than the reverse. Also, cuckolded males were separated from their mates for longer than those that did not lose paternity. Although these results suggest a role for male mate guarding, we propose that high potential costs in terms of reduced paternal care likely constrain female Western Sandpipers from seeking extrapair copulations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/0004-8038(2002)119[0228:GPAMGI]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Blomqvist, D., Kempenaers, B., Lanctot, R., and Sandercock, B.K., 2002, Genetic parentage and mate guarding in the Arctic-breedng Western Sandpiper: The Auk, v. 119, no. 1, p. 228-232, https://doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2002)119[0228:GPAMGI]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"228","endPage":"232","costCenters":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478692,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2002)119[0228:gpamgi]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":131434,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"119","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aeb10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blomqvist, D.","contributorId":73154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blomqvist","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kempenaers, Bart","contributorId":54943,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kempenaers","given":"Bart","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7029,"text":"Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":13130,"text":"Konrad Lorenz Institute for Ethology, Austrian Academy of Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":318619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lanctot, Richard B.","contributorId":77879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lanctot","given":"Richard B.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":318622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sandercock, B. K.","contributorId":61382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sandercock","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70023796,"text":"70023796 - 2002 - Response of pigeon guillemots to variable abundance of high-lipid and low-lipid prey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T09:32:42","indexId":"70023796","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of pigeon guillemots to variable abundance of high-lipid and low-lipid prey","docAbstract":"Populations of the pigeon guillemot (Cepphus columba) and other piscivores have been in decline for several decades in the Gulf of Alaska and Bering Sea, and a decline in abundance of lipid-rich schooling fishes is hypothesized as the major cause. We tested this hypothesis by studying the breeding biology of pigeon guillemots during 1995-1999 while simultaneously measuring prey abundance with beach seines and bottom trawls. Our study area (Kachemak Bay, Alaska) comprises two oceanographically distinct areas. Populations of a lipid-rich schooling fish, Pacific sand lance (Ammodytes hexapterus), were higher in the warmer Inner Bay than in the colder Outer Bay, and sand lance abundance was higher during warm years. Populations of low-lipid content demersal fishes were similar between areas. Chick survival to age 15 days was 47% higher in the Inner Bay (high-lipid diet) than in the Outer Bay (low-lipid diet), and estimated reproductive success (chicks fledged nest-1) was 62% higher in the Inner Bay than in the Outer Bay. Chick provisioning rate (kJ chick-1 h-1) increased with the proportion of sand lance in the diet (r2=0.21), as did growth rate (g day-1) of younger (beta) chicks in two-chick broods (r2=0.14). Pigeon guillemots in the Inner Bay switched to demersal prey during years of below-average sand lance abundance, and these birds reacted to 38-fold interannual changes in sand lance abundance with reductions in beta chick growth rates, with no decline in beta chick survival. In contrast, the proportion of nests experiencing brood reduction in the Outer Bay (demersal diet) increased >300% during years of below-average demersal abundance, although demersal fish abundance varied only 4-fold among years. Our results support the hypothesis that recovery of pigeon guillemot populations from the effects of the Exxon Valdez oil spill is limited by availability of lipid-rich prey.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00442-002-0945-1","issn":"00298549","usgsCitation":"Litzow, M.A., Piatt, J.F., Prichard, A., and Roby, D., 2002, Response of pigeon guillemots to variable abundance of high-lipid and low-lipid prey: Oecologia, v. 132, no. 2, p. 286-295, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-002-0945-1.","startPage":"286","endPage":"295","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232153,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207312,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-002-0945-1"}],"volume":"132","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaa60e4b0c8380cd862d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Litzow, Michael A.","contributorId":8789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Litzow","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":398878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prichard, A.K.","contributorId":14151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prichard","given":"A.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roby, D.D. 0000-0001-9844-0992","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9844-0992","contributorId":70944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roby","given":"D.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70023947,"text":"70023947 - 2002 - Mesozoic and Cenozoic tectonics of the eastern and central Alaska Range: Progressive basin development and deformation in a suture zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:01","indexId":"70023947","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mesozoic and Cenozoic tectonics of the eastern and central Alaska Range: Progressive basin development and deformation in a suture zone","docAbstract":"Analysis of late Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary basins, metamorphic rocks, and major faults in the eastern and central Alaska Range documents the progressive development of a suture zone that formed as a result of collision of an island-arc assemblage (the Wrangellia composite terrane) with the former North American continental margin. New basin-analysis, structural, and geochronologic data indicate the following stages in the development of the suture zone: (1) Deposition of 3-5 km of Upper Jurassic-Upper Cretaceous marine strata (the Kahiltna assemblage) recorded the initial collision of the island-arc assemblage with the continental margin. The Kahiltna assemblage exposed in the northern Talkeetna Mountains represents a Kimmeridgian-Valanginian backarc basin that was filled by northwestward-flowing submarine-fan systems that were transporting sediment derived from Mesozoic strata of the island-arc assemblage. The Kahiltna assemblage exposed in the southern Alaska Range represents a Valanginian-Cenomanian remnant ocean basin filled by west-southwestward-flowing submarine-fan systems that were transporting sediment derived from Paleozoic continental-margin strata uplifted in the along-strike suture zone. A belt of retrograde metamorphism and a regional anticlinorium developed along the continental margin from 115 to 106 Ma, roughly coeval with the end of widespread deposition in the Kahiltna sedimentary basins. (2) Metamorphism of submarine-fan deposits of the Kahiltna basin, located near the leading edge of the island-arc assemblage, occurred at ca. 74 Ma, as determined from a new U-Pb zircon age for a synkinematic sill. Coeval with metamorphism of deposits of the Kahiltna basin in the southern part of the suture zone was development of a thrust-top basin, the Cantwell basin, in the northern part of the suture zone. Geologic mapping and compositional data suggest that the 4 km of Upper Cretaceous nonmarine and marginal marine sedimentary strata in this basin record regional subaerial uplift of the suture zone. (3) Shortening and exhumation of the suture zone peaked from 65 to 60 Ma on the basis of metamorphic and geochronologic data. In the southern part of the suture zone, submarine-fan deposits of the Kahiltna basin, which had been metamorphosed to kyanite schists at ???25 km depth and ???650 ??C, were exhumed and cooled through the biotite closure temperature (???300 ??C) by ca. 62 Ma. In the northern part of the suture zone, this time period was marked by shortening, uplift, and erosion of sedimentary strata of the Cantwell basin. (4) From 60 to 54 Ma, ???3 km of volcanic strata were deposited over deformed sedimentary strata of the Cantwell basin, and several granitic plutons (the McKinley sequence) were emplaced along the suture zone. (5) Following igneous activity, strikeslip displacement occurred from ca. 54 to 24 Ma along the Denali fault system, which had developed in the existing suture zone. Late Eocene-Oligocene strike-slip displacement resulted in the formation of several small sedimentary basins along the Denali fault system. (6) Regional transpressive shortening characterized the suture zone from ca. 24 Ma to the present. Flexural subsidence, related to regional shortening, is represented by late Eocene to Holocene nonmarine deposits of the Tanana foreland basin. Regional subsidence resulted in Miocene coal seams up to 20 m thick and well-developed lacustrine deposits. Overlying the Miocene deposits are ???1.2 km of Pliocene and Holocene conglomeratic deposits. Compositional and paleocurrent data from these younger deposits record regional Neogene uplift of the suture zone and recycling of detritus from older basins to the south that had become incorporated into the uplifted suture zone. Geologic mapping of major thrust faults along the northern and southern margins of the suture zone documents Paleozoic strata thrust over both Pliocene fluvial deposits and Quaternary glacial deposits of the Tanana basin. ","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(2002)114<1480:MACTOT>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Ridgway, K., Trop, J., Nokleberg, W., Davidson, C., and Eastham, K., 2002, Mesozoic and Cenozoic tectonics of the eastern and central Alaska Range: Progressive basin development and deformation in a suture zone: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 114, no. 12, p. 1480-1504, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(2002)114<1480:MACTOT>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"1480","endPage":"1504","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207232,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(2002)114<1480:MACTOT>2.0.CO;2"},{"id":232013,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5450e4b0c8380cd6cf49","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ridgway, K.D.","contributorId":62792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ridgway","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trop, J.M.","contributorId":32329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trop","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nokleberg, W. J. 0000-0002-1574-8869","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":68312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davidson, C.M.","contributorId":39977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davidson","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Eastham, K.R.","contributorId":33885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eastham","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70024992,"text":"70024992 - 2002 - Flank collapse at Mount Wrangell, Alaska, recorded by volcanic mass-flow deposits in the Copper River lowland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:12","indexId":"70024992","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1168,"text":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flank collapse at Mount Wrangell, Alaska, recorded by volcanic mass-flow deposits in the Copper River lowland","docAbstract":"An areally extensive volcanic mass-flow deposit of Pleistocene age, known as the Chetaslina volcanic mass-flow deposit, is a prominent and visually striking deposit in the southeastern Copper River lowland of south-central Alaska. The mass-flow deposit consists of a diverse mixture of colorful, variably altered volcanic rocks, lahar deposits, glaciolacustrine diamicton, and till that record a major flank collapse on the southwest flank of Mount Wrangell. The deposit is well exposed near its presumed source, and thick, continuous, stratigraphic exposures have permitted us to study its sedimentary characteristics as a means of better understanding the origin, significance, and evolution of the deposit. Deposits of the Chetaslina volcanic mass flow in the Chetaslina River drainage are primary debris-avalanche deposits and consist of two principal facies types, a near-source block facies and a distal mixed facies. The block facies is composed entirely of block-supported, shattered and fractured blocks with individual blocks up to 40 m in diameter. The mixed facies consists of block-sized particles in a matrix of poorly sorted rock rubble, sand, and silt generated by the comminution of larger blocks. Deposits of the Chetaslina volcanic mass flow exposed along the Copper, Tonsina, and Chitina rivers are debris-flow deposits that evolved from the debris-avalanche component of the flow and from erosion and entrainment of local glacial and glaciolacustrine diamicton in the Copper River lowland. The debris-flow deposits were probably generated through mixing of the distal debris avalanche with the ancestral Copper River, or through breaching of a debris-avalanche dam across the ancestral river. The distribution of facies types and major-element chemistry of clasts in the deposit indicate that its source was an ancestral volcanic edifice, informally known as the Chetaslina vent, on the southwest side of Mount Wrangell. A major sector collapse of the Chetaslina vent initiated the Chetaslina volcanic mass flow forming a debris avalanche of about 4 km3 that subsequently transformed to a debris flow of unknown volume.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/e02-032","issn":"00084077","usgsCitation":"Waythomas, C.F., and Wallace, K., 2002, Flank collapse at Mount Wrangell, Alaska, recorded by volcanic mass-flow deposits in the Copper River lowland: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 39, no. 8, p. 1257-1279, https://doi.org/10.1139/e02-032.","startPage":"1257","endPage":"1279","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207707,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e02-032"},{"id":232868,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a10d0e4b0c8380cd53dff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waythomas, C. F.","contributorId":10065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waythomas","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wallace, K.L.","contributorId":103457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70024391,"text":"70024391 - 2002 - Sensitivity of breeding parameters to food supply in Black-legged Kittiwakes <i>Rissa tridactyla</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-27T14:58:07","indexId":"70024391","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1961,"text":"Ibis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sensitivity of breeding parameters to food supply in Black-legged Kittiwakes <i>Rissa tridactyla</i>","docAbstract":"<p>We fed Herring <i>Clupea pallasi</i> to pairs of Black-legged Kittiwakes <i>Rissa tridactyla</i> throughout the breeding season in two years at a colony in the northern Gulf of Alaska. We measured responses to supplemental feeding in a wide array of breeding parameters to gauge their relative sensitivity to food supply, and thus their potential as indicators of natural foraging conditions. Conventional measures of success (hatching, fledging and overall productivity) were more effective as indicators of food supply than behavioural attributes such as courtship feeding, chick provisioning rates and sibling aggression. However, behaviour such as nest relief during incubation and adult attendance with older chicks were also highly responsive to supplemental food and may be useful for monitoring environmental conditions in studies of shorter duration. On average, the chick-rearing stage contained more sensitive indicators of food availability than prelaying or incubation stages. Overall, rates of hatching and fledging success, and the mean duration of incubation shifts were the most food-sensitive parameters studied.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1474-919X.2002.00043.x","issn":"00191019","usgsCitation":"Gill, V., Hatch, S.A., and Lanctot, R., 2002, Sensitivity of breeding parameters to food supply in Black-legged Kittiwakes <i>Rissa tridactyla</i>: Ibis, v. 144, no. 2, p. 268-283, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1474-919X.2002.00043.x.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"268","endPage":"283","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231998,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska, Middleton Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -146.44500732421875,\n              59.38498245199033\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.2445068359375,\n              59.38498245199033\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.2445068359375,\n              59.486239805369145\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.44500732421875,\n              59.486239805369145\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.44500732421875,\n              59.38498245199033\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"144","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-04-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d2be4b08c986b3182af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gill, Verena A.","contributorId":140658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gill","given":"Verena A.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":401094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":401095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lanctot, Richard B.","contributorId":77879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lanctot","given":"Richard B.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":401096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70024575,"text":"70024575 - 2002 - Mercury in vegetation and soils at abandoned mercury mines in southwestern Alaska, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:06","indexId":"70024575","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1758,"text":"Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury in vegetation and soils at abandoned mercury mines in southwestern Alaska, USA","docAbstract":"We chemically analysed vegetation (willow and alder) and soil samples collected at three abandoned mercury (Hg) mines and at background sites in southwestern Alaska and compared Hg concentrations, speciation and distribution. Total Hg and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations were higher in vegetation and soil samples from all the mine sites compared to samples from the background sites, but there was no correlation between total-Hg concentrations in vegetation and total-Hg concentrations in soil or between total-Hg and MeHg concentrations. However, the percent MeHg of the total Hg was higher in samples from the background sites compared to samples from the mine sites and is higher in vegetation samples than in corresponding soil samples. The percent MeHg is an order of magnitude higher in the willow samples than in corresponding alder or soil samples. The percent of divalent Hg [Hg(II)] is highest in soil samples from the retort and background areas. The higher percent MeHg in vegetation and soil in samples from background sites may be explained by the higher proportions of reactive Hg species, such as Hg(II), at these sites compared to the surface mined and tailings areas where most of the Hg is in the elemental and cinnabar (HgS) forms. Dissolved gaseous Hg species are more readily accumulated in vegetation and are more readily methylated than solid phases like HgS and liquid Hg.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1144/1467-787302-032","issn":"14677873","usgsCitation":"Bailey, E., Gray, J.E., and Theodorakos, P.M., 2002, Mercury in vegetation and soils at abandoned mercury mines in southwestern Alaska, USA: Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis, v. 2, no. 3, p. 275-285, https://doi.org/10.1144/1467-787302-032.","startPage":"275","endPage":"285","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207887,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1144/1467-787302-032"},{"id":233163,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a541ee4b0c8380cd6cead","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bailey, E. A.","contributorId":100399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"E. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gray, J. E.","contributorId":49363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Theodorakos, P. M.","contributorId":12500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theodorakos","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70024733,"text":"70024733 - 2002 - Long-term climate patterns in Alaskan surface temperature and precipitation and their biological consequences","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-10T09:54:31","indexId":"70024733","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1944,"text":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term climate patterns in Alaskan surface temperature and precipitation and their biological consequences","docAbstract":"<p><span>Mean monthly climate maps of Alaskan surface temperature and precipitation produced by the parameter-elevation regression on independent slopes model (PRISM) were analyzed. Alaska is divided into interior and coastal zones with consistent but different climatic variability separated by a transition region; it has maximum interannual variability but low long-term mean variability. Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO)- and El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-type events influence Alaska surface temperatures weakly (1-2/spl deg/C) statewide. PDO has a stronger influence than ENSO on precipitation but its influence is largely localized to coastal central Alaska. The strongest influence of Arctic oscillation (AO) occurs in northern and interior Alaskan precipitation. Four major ecosystems are defined. A major eco-transition zone occurs between the interior boreal forest and the coastal rainforest. Variability in insolation, surface temperature, precipitation, continentality, and seasonal changes in storm track direction explain the mapped ecosystems. Lack of westward expansion of the interior boreal forest into the western shrub tundra is influenced by the coastal marine boundary layer (enhanced cloud cover, reduced insolation, cooler surface and soil temperatures).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/TGRS.2002.1010902","issn":"01962892","usgsCitation":"Simpson, J.J., Hufford, G.L., Fleming, M.D., Berg, J.S., and Ashton, J., 2002, Long-term climate patterns in Alaskan surface temperature and precipitation and their biological consequences: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, v. 40, no. 5, p. 1164-1184, https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2002.1010902.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1164","endPage":"1184","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232853,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207694,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2002.1010902"}],"volume":"40","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a497fe4b0c8380cd6866b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simpson, James J.","contributorId":58811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simpson","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hufford, Gary L.","contributorId":78502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hufford","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fleming, Michael D.","contributorId":98816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berg, Jared S.","contributorId":78912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berg","given":"Jared","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ashton, J.B.","contributorId":95653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ashton","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70024329,"text":"70024329 - 2002 - Low-maturity Kulthieth Formation coal: A possible source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in benthic sediment of the northern Gulf of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:00","indexId":"70024329","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1537,"text":"Environmental Forensics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Low-maturity Kulthieth Formation coal: A possible source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in benthic sediment of the northern Gulf of Alaska","docAbstract":"The successful application of forensic geology to contamination studies involving natural systems requires identification of appropriate endmembers and an understanding of the geologic setting and processes affecting the systems. Studies attempting to delineate the background, or natural, source for hydrocarbon contamination in Gulf of Alaska (GOA) benthic sediments have invoked a number of potential sources, including seep oils, source rocks, and coal. Oil seeps have subsequently been questioned as significant sources of hydrocarbons present in benthic sediments of the GOA in part because the pattern of relative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) abundance characteristic of benthic GOA sediments is inconsistent with patterns typical of weathered seep oils. Likewise, native coal has been dismissed in part because ratios of labile hydrocarbons to total organic carbon (e.g. PAH:TOC) for Bering River coal field (BRCF) sources are too low - i.e. the coals are over mature - to be consistent with GOA sediments. We present evidence here that native coal may have been prematurely dismissed, because BRCF coals do not adequately represent the geochemical signatures of coals elsewhere in the Kulthieth Formation. Contrary to previous thought, Kulthieth Formation coals east of the BRCF have much higher PAH: TOC ratios, and the patterns of labile hydrocarbons in these low thermal maturity coals suggest a possible genetic relationship between Kulthieth Formation coals and nearby oil seeps on the Sullivan anticline. Analyses of low-maturity Kulthieth Formation coal indicate the low maturity coal is a significant source of PAH. Source apportionment models that neglect this source will underestimate the contribution of native coals to the regional background hydrocarbon signature. ?? Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. on behalf of AEHS.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Forensics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1006/enfo.2002.0096","issn":"15275922","usgsCitation":"Van Kooten, G.K., Short, J., and Kolak, J., 2002, Low-maturity Kulthieth Formation coal: A possible source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in benthic sediment of the northern Gulf of Alaska: Environmental Forensics, v. 3, no. 3-4, p. 227-241, https://doi.org/10.1006/enfo.2002.0096.","startPage":"227","endPage":"241","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207159,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/enfo.2002.0096"},{"id":231850,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4a5be4b0c8380cd68cde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Kooten, G. K.","contributorId":41499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Kooten","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Short, J.W.","contributorId":65631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Short","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kolak, J.J.","contributorId":46246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolak","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70024136,"text":"70024136 - 2002 - Anesthesia and liver biopsy techniques for pigeon guillemots (<i>Cepphus columba</i>) suspected of exposure to crude oil in marine environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-28T11:35:21","indexId":"70024136","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2191,"text":"Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anesthesia and liver biopsy techniques for pigeon guillemots (<i>Cepphus columba</i>) suspected of exposure to crude oil in marine environments","docAbstract":"<p><span>This paper reports on the anesthesia and liver biopsy techniques used in adult and nestling pigeon guillemots (</span><i>Cepphus columba</i><span>) to test for continued exposure to residual crude oil in the marine environment. Populations of pigeon guillemots have declined significantly in Prince William Sound, Alaska, USA, possibly because of residual effects of crude oil in the environment after the </span><i>Exxon Valdez</i><span> oil spill in March 1989. Measurement of hepatic cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) is currently the best way to assess crude oil exposure from food sources; however, lethal sampling to obtain adequate liver tissue was not desirable in this declining population of birds. As part of a larger study to identify factors limiting the recovery of pigeon guillemots and other seabird populations, we surgically collected liver samples from adult and nestling guillemots to provide samples for measurement of hepatic CYP1A concentrations. Results from the larger study were reported elsewhere. Liver samples were taken from 26 nestling (1998) and 24 adult (1999) guillemots from a previously oiled site (Naked Island; 12 chicks, 13 adults) and from a nonoiled site (Jackpot Island/Icy Bay; 14 chicks, 11 adults). The birds were anesthetized with isoflurane. No surgical complications occurred with any of the birds and all adult and nestling birds survived after surgery to the point of release or return to the nest. Thirteen out of 14 chicks from the Jackpot Island/Icy Bay and 8 out of 12 chicks from Naked Island fledged. Four chicks at Naked Island were depredated before fledging. All adults abandoned their nests after surgery, so the study sites were revisited the following summer (2000) in an attempt to assess overwinter survival of the adults. All but 1 adult biopsied bird at the nonoiled site (Icy Bay) was found renesting, whereas only 2 birds at the previously oiled site (Naked Island) were similarly observed. The percent of 1999 breeders at Naked Island that returned to their nest sites to breed again in 2000 was low at nests of biopsied birds and nonbiopsied birds alike, suggesting that factors other than the surgical procedure were responsible for the low return rate among this group. These survival results provide strong support for using experienced veterinarians for nonlethal invasive sample collection from birds to document exposure to crude oil in the marine environment.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Association of Avian Veterinarians","doi":"10.1647/1082-6742(2002)016[0291:AALBTF]2.0.CO;2","issn":"10826742","usgsCitation":"Degernes, L.A., Harms, C.A., Golet, G.H., and Mulcahy, D.M., 2002, Anesthesia and liver biopsy techniques for pigeon guillemots (<i>Cepphus columba</i>) suspected of exposure to crude oil in marine environments: Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery, v. 16, no. 4, p. 291-299, https://doi.org/10.1647/1082-6742(2002)016[0291:AALBTF]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"291","endPage":"299","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231873,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Icy Bay, Jackpot Island, Naked Island, Prince William Sound","volume":"16","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ebfae4b0c8380cd48ff5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Degernes, Laurel A.","contributorId":21315,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Degernes","given":"Laurel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harms, Craig A.","contributorId":59759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harms","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Golet, Gregory H.","contributorId":89844,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Golet","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mulcahy, Daniel M. dmulcahy@usgs.gov","contributorId":3102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulcahy","given":"Daniel","email":"dmulcahy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":400147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70024162,"text":"70024162 - 2002 - Nitrogen dynamics in an Alaskan salt marsh following spring use by geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-12T21:21:43","indexId":"70024162","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nitrogen dynamics in an Alaskan salt marsh following spring use by geese","docAbstract":"<p><span>Lesser snow geese (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Anser caerulescens caerulescens</i><span>) and Canada geese (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Branta canadensis</i><span>) use several salt marshes in Cook Inlet, Alaska, as stopover areas for brief periods during spring migration. We investigated the effects of geese on nitrogen cycling processes in Susitna Flats, one of the marshes. We compared net nitrogen mineralization, organic nitrogen pools and production in buried bags, nitrogen fixation by cyanobacteria, and soil and litter characteristics on grazed plots versus paired plots that had been exclosed from grazing for 3&nbsp;years. Grazed areas had higher rates of net nitrogen mineralization in the spring and there was no effect of grazing on organic nitrogen availability. The increased mineralization rates in grazed plots could not be accounted for by alteration of litter quality, litter quantity, microclimate, or root biomass, which were not different between grazed and exclosed plots. In addition, fecal input was very slight in the year that we studied nitrogen cycling. We propose that trampling had two effects that could account for greater nitrogen availability in grazed areas: litter incorporation into soil, resulting in increased rates of decomposition and mineralization of litter material, and greater rates of nitrogen fixation by cyanobacteria on bare, trampled soils. A path analysis indicated that litter incorporation by trampling played a primary role in the nitrogen dynamics of the system, with nitrogen fixation secondary, and that fecal input was of little importance.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00442-001-0837-9","issn":"00298549","usgsCitation":"Zacheis, A.B., Ruess, R.W., and Hupp, J.W., 2002, Nitrogen dynamics in an Alaskan salt marsh following spring use by geese: Oecologia, v. 130, no. 4, p. 600-608, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-001-0837-9.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"600","endPage":"608","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231681,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Cook Inlet","volume":"130","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a66d0e4b0c8380cd72fe5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zacheis, Amy B.","contributorId":92460,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zacheis","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruess, Roger W.","contributorId":45483,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruess","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hupp, Jerry W. 0000-0002-6439-3910 jhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-3910","contributorId":127803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Jerry","email":"jhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":400227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70024269,"text":"70024269 - 2002 - Absolute timing of sulfide and gold mineralization: A comparison of Re-Os molybdenite and Ar-Ar mica methods from the Tintina Gold Belt, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:16","indexId":"70024269","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Absolute timing of sulfide and gold mineralization: A comparison of Re-Os molybdenite and Ar-Ar mica methods from the Tintina Gold Belt, Alaska","docAbstract":"New Re-Os molybdenite dates from two lode gold deposits of the Tintina Gold Belt, Alaska, provide direct timing constraints for sulfide and gold mineralization. At Fort Knox, the Re-Os molybdenite date is identical to the U-Pb zircon age for the host intrusion, supporting an intrusive-related origin for the deposit. However, 40Ar/39Ar dates from hydrothermal and igneous mica are considerably younger. At the Pogo deposit, Re-Os molybdenite dates are also much older than 40Ar/39Ar dates from hydrothermal mica, but dissimilar to the age of local granites. These age relationships indicate that the Re-Os molybdenite method records the timing of sulfide and gold mineralization, whereas much younger 40Ar/39Ar dates are affected by post-ore thermal events, slow cooling, and/or systemic analytical effects. The results of this study complement a growing body of evidence to indicate that the Re-Os chronometer in molybdenite can be an accurate and robust tool for establishing timing relations in ore systems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0791:ATOSAG>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Selby, D., Creaser, R., Hart, C., Rombach, C., Thompson, J.F., Smith, M.T., Bakke, A., and Goldfarb, R., 2002, Absolute timing of sulfide and gold mineralization: A comparison of Re-Os molybdenite and Ar-Ar mica methods from the Tintina Gold Belt, Alaska: Geology, v. 30, no. 9, p. 791-794, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0791:ATOSAG>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"791","endPage":"794","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207030,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0791:ATOSAG>2.0.CO;2"},{"id":231574,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e64ce4b0c8380cd47320","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Selby, D.","contributorId":57623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selby","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Creaser, R.A.","contributorId":50319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Creaser","given":"R.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hart, C.J.R.","contributorId":67228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"C.J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rombach, C.S.","contributorId":52228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rombach","given":"C.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thompson, J. F. H.","contributorId":18519,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, Moira T.","contributorId":11795,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Moira","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bakke, A.A.","contributorId":70147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bakke","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Goldfarb, R.J.","contributorId":38143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldfarb","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70187591,"text":"70187591 - 2002 - Predators","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70187591,"text":"70187591 - 2002 - Predators","indexId":"70187591","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"chapter":"6","title":"Predators"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":53871,"text":"bsr20020001 - 2002 - Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries","indexId":"bsr20020001","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":53871,"text":"bsr20020001 - 2002 - Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries","indexId":"bsr20020001","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-06T11:00:52","indexId":"70187591","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9,"text":"Biological Science Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"2002-0001","chapter":"6","title":"Predators","docAbstract":"<p>Calving caribou (<i>Rangifer tarandus</i>) of the Central Arctic herd, Alaska, have avoided the infrastructure associated with the complex of petroleum development areas from Prudhoe Bay to Kuparuk (Cameron et al. 1992, Nellemann and Cameron 1998, and Section 4 of this document). Calving females of the Porcupine caribou herd may similarly avoid any oil field roads and pipelines developed in areas traditionally used during the calving and post-calving periods. This may displace the caribou females and calves to areas east and south of the 1002 Area of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge.</p><p>Increased calf mortality could occur if calving caribou are displaced into areas that have a higher density of predators, higher rates of predation, or where a higher proportion of the predators regularly use caribou as a food source (Whitten et al. 1992).</p><p>Our study assessed predation risks to caribou calving in the 1002 Area versus calving in potential displacement areas. Due to funding constraints, our research focused on grizzly bears (<i>Ursus arctos</i>), with wolves (Camus lupus) and golden eagles (<i>Aquila chrysaetos</i>) receiving only cursory attention. Our research objectives were 1) to compare relative abundance of predators within the 1002 Area with that in adjacent peripheral areas, 2) to determine factors affecting predator abundance on the calving grounds, and 3) to quantify the use of caribou as a food source for predators and the importance of caribou to the productivity of predator populations using the coastal plain of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries (Biological Science Report USGS/BRD/BSR-2002-0001)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Young, D., McCabe, T.R., Ambrose, R.E., Garner, G.W., Weiler, G.J., Reynolds, H.V., Udevitz, M.S., Reed, D.J., and Griffith, B., 2002, Predators: Biological Science Report 2002-0001, 4 p.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"53","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341025,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, Northwest Territories, Yukon Territory","otherGeospatial":"Arctic Refuge Coastal Plain, Arctic National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -152.2265625,\n              66.16051056018838\n            ],\n            [\n              -129.5947265625,\n              66.16051056018838\n            ],\n            [\n              -129.5947265625,\n              70.74347779138229\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.2265625,\n              70.74347779138229\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.2265625,\n              66.16051056018838\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5912d53ae4b0e541a03d4537","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":150115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David C.","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694677,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, Patricia E.","contributorId":71056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694678,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rhode, E. B.","contributorId":73156,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rhode","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694679,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Young, Donald D.","contributorId":191905,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Donald D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCabe, Thomas R.","contributorId":91255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ambrose, Robert E.","contributorId":86074,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ambrose","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Garner, Gerald W.","contributorId":149918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garner","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13117,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":694671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Weiler, Greg J.","contributorId":191906,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weiler","given":"Greg","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Reynolds, Harry V.","contributorId":191907,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Harry","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Udevitz, Mark S. 0000-0003-4659-138X mudevitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4659-138X","contributorId":3189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Udevitz","given":"Mark","email":"mudevitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Reed, Dan J.","contributorId":191908,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reed","given":"Dan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Griffith, Brad 0000-0001-8698-6859","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8698-6859","contributorId":82571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffith","given":"Brad","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":108,"text":"Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70188493,"text":"70188493 - 2002 - Land cover","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70188493,"text":"70188493 - 2002 - Land cover","indexId":"70188493","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"chapter":"2","title":"Land cover"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":53871,"text":"bsr20020001 - 2002 - Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries","indexId":"bsr20020001","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":53871,"text":"bsr20020001 - 2002 - Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries","indexId":"bsr20020001","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T11:13:58","indexId":"70188493","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9,"text":"Biological Science Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"2002-0001","chapter":"2","title":"Land cover","docAbstract":"<p>Documenting the distribution of land-cover types on the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge coastal plain is the foundation for impact assessment and mitigation of potential oil exploration and development. Vegetation maps facilitate wildlife studies by allowing biologists to quantify the availability of important wildlife habitats, investigate the relationships between animal locations and the distribution or juxtaposition of habitat types, and assess or extrapolate habitat characteristics across regional areas.</p><p>To meet the needs of refuge managers and biologists, satellite imagery was chosen as the most cost-effective method for mapping the large, remote landscape of the 1002 Area.</p><p>Objectives of our study were the following: 1) evaluate a vegetation classification scheme for use in mapping. 2) determine optimal methods for producing a satellite-based vegetation map that adequately met the needs of the wildlife research and management objectives; 3) produce a digital vegetation map for the Arctic Refuge coastal plain using Lands at-Thematic Mapper(TM) satellite imagery, existing geobotanical classifications, ground data, and aerial photographs, and 4) perform an accuracy assessment of the map.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries (Biological Science Report USGS/BRD/BSR-2002-0001)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Jorgenson, J.C., Joria, P.C., and Douglas, D.C., 2002, Land cover: Biological Science Report 2002-0001, 4 p.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"4","endPage":"7","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342471,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, Northwest Territories, Yukon Territory","otherGeospatial":"Arctic Refuge Coastal Plain, Arctic National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -152.2265625,\n              66.16051056018838\n            ],\n            [\n              -129.5947265625,\n              66.16051056018838\n            ],\n            [\n              -129.5947265625,\n              70.74347779138229\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.2265625,\n              70.74347779138229\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.2265625,\n              66.16051056018838\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59424b3fe4b0764e6c65dcab","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697996,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, Patricia E.","contributorId":71056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697997,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rhode, E. B.","contributorId":73156,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rhode","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697998,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Jorgenson, Janet C.","contributorId":191903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jorgenson","given":"Janet","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Joria, Peter C.","contributorId":108210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joria","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":697994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70185425,"text":"70185425 - 2002 - Conservation status of the buff-breasted sandpiper: Historic and contemporary distribution and abundance in south America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-22T08:01:47","indexId":"70185425","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conservation status of the buff-breasted sandpiper: Historic and contemporary distribution and abundance in south America","docAbstract":"<p><span>We present historic and contemporary information on the distribution and abundance of Buff-breasted Sandpipers (</span><i>Tryngites subruficollis</i><span>) in South America. Historic information was collated from the literature, area ornithologists, and museums, whereas contemporary data were derived from surveys conducted throughout the main wintering range in Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil during the austral summers of 1999 and 2001. Variable circular plot sampling was used to estimate population densities. During 1999, the highest concentration of Buff-breasted Sandpipers in Argentina was in southern Bahía Samborombón (General Lavalle District) and areas north of Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon. During 2001, the highest concentrations in Brazil were at Ilha da Torotama and Lagoa do Peixe National Park. During 1999 and 2001, the highest concentrations of Buff-breasted Sandpipers in Uruguay were found along three lagoons (Laguna de Rocha, Laguna de Castillos, and Laguna Garzón) bordering the Atlantic Ocean. Population densities (birds/ha) of Buff-breasted Sandpipers were 0.11 (95% C.I. = 0.04–0.31) in Argentina, 1.62 (0.67–3.93) in Brazil, and 1.08 (0.37–3.18) in Uruguay. High turnover rates at survey sites, due to the formation of large, mobile flocks, contributed to moderately large confidence intervals around our population density estimates. Nevertheless, compared with historic accounts of Buff-breasted Sandpipers, our survey data indicate the population size of this species has declined substantially since the late 1800s and contemporary information suggests the species has continued to decline during the past three decades. Buff-breasted Sandpipers were found almost exclusively in pasturelands and appear to depend heavily upon intensive grazing by livestock, which maintain suitable short grass conditions. We discuss the need for protection of critical areas and proper range management to ensure appropriate habitat remains available for the species, and provide suggestions for future research needs.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wilson Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1676/0043-5643(2002)114[0044:CSOTBB]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Lanctot, R.B., Blanco, D., Dias, R.A., Isacch, J.P., Gill, V., de Almeida, J.B., Delhey, K., Petracci, P.F., Bencke, G.A., and Balbueno, R.A., 2002, Conservation status of the buff-breasted sandpiper: Historic and contemporary distribution and abundance in south America: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 114, no. 1, p. 44-72, https://doi.org/10.1676/0043-5643(2002)114[0044:CSOTBB]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"44","endPage":"72","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478796,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1676/0043-5643(2002)114[0044:csotbb]2.0.co;2","text":"External Repository"},{"id":338010,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"South America","volume":"114","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d23b91e4b0236b68f828f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lanctot, Richard B.","contributorId":31894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanctot","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":17786,"text":"Carleton University","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":7029,"text":"Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":135,"text":"Biological Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":685531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blanco, D.E.","contributorId":173932,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blanco","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dias, Rafael A.","contributorId":189643,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dias","given":"Rafael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Isacch, Juan P.","contributorId":189644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Isacch","given":"Juan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gill, Verena A.","contributorId":140658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gill","given":"Verena A.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":685535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"de Almeida, Juliana Bose","contributorId":189645,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"de Almeida","given":"Juliana","middleInitial":"Bose","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Delhey, Kaspar","contributorId":189646,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delhey","given":"Kaspar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Petracci, Pablo F.","contributorId":189647,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Petracci","given":"Pablo","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bencke, Glayson A.","contributorId":189648,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bencke","given":"Glayson","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Balbueno, Rodrigo A.","contributorId":189649,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balbueno","given":"Rodrigo","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70188496,"text":"70188496 - 2002 - The central arctic caribou herd","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70188496,"text":"70188496 - 2002 - The central arctic caribou herd","indexId":"70188496","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"chapter":"4","title":"The central arctic caribou herd"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":53871,"text":"bsr20020001 - 2002 - Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries","indexId":"bsr20020001","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":53871,"text":"bsr20020001 - 2002 - Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries","indexId":"bsr20020001","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T11:14:19","indexId":"70188496","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9,"text":"Biological Science Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"2002-0001","chapter":"4","title":"The central arctic caribou herd","docAbstract":"<p>From the mid-1970s through the mid-1980s, use of calving and summer habitats by Central Arctic herd caribou (<i>Rangifer tarandus granti</i>) declined near petroleum development infrastructure on Alaska's arctic coastal plain (Cameron et al. 1979; Cameron and Whitten 1980, Smith and Cameron 1983. Whitten and Cameron 1983a, 1985: Dau and Cameron 1986).</p><p>With surface development continuing to expand westward from the Prudhoe Bay petroleum development area (Fig. 4.1), concerns arose that the resultant cumulative losses of habitat would eventually reduce productivity of the caribou herd. Specifically, reduced access of adult females to preferred foraging areas might adversely affect growth and fattening (Elison et al. 1986. Clough et al. 1987), in turn depressing calf production (Dauphiné 1976, Thomas 1982, Reimers 1983, White 1983, Eloranta and Nieminen 1986. Lenvik et al. 1988, Thomas and Kiliaan 1991) and survival (Haukioja and Salovaara 1978, Rognmo et al. 1983, Skogland 1984, Eloranta and Nieminen 1986, Adamczewski et al. 1987).</p><p>Those concerns, though justified in theory, lacked empirical support. With industrial development in arctic Alaska virtually unprecedented, there was little basis for predicting the extent and duration of habitat loss, much less the secondary short- and long-term effects on the well-being of a particular caribou herd.</p><p>Furthermore, despite a general acceptance that body condition and fecundity of the females are functionally related for reindeer and caribou, it seemed unlikely that any single model would apply to all subspecies of <i>Rangifer</i>, and perhaps not even within a subspecies in different geographic regions. We therefore lacked a complete understanding of the behavioral responses of arctic caribou to industrial development, the manner in which access to habitats might be affected, and how changes in habitat use might translate into measurable effects on fecundity and herd growth rate.</p><p>Our study addressed the following objectives: 1) estimate variation in the size and productivity of the Central Arctic herd; 2) estimate changes in the distribution and movements of Central Arctic herd caribou in relation to the oil field development; 3) estimate the relationships between body condition and reproductive performance of female Central Arctic herd caribou, and 4) compare the body condition, reproductive success, and offspring survival of females under disturbance-free conditions (i.e., east of the Sagavanirktok River) with the status of those exposed to petroleum-related development (i.e., west of the Sagavanirktok River).</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Arctic Refuge coastal plain terrestrial wildlife research summaries (Biological Science Report USGS/BRD/BSR-2002-0001)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Cameron, R.D., Smith, W.T., White, R.G., and Griffith, B., 2002, The central arctic caribou herd: Biological Science Report 2002-0001, 8 p.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"38","endPage":"45","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342475,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, Northwest Territories, Yukon Territory","otherGeospatial":"Arctic Refuge Coastal Plain, Arctic National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -152.2265625,\n              66.16051056018838\n            ],\n            [\n              -129.5947265625,\n              66.16051056018838\n            ],\n            [\n              -129.5947265625,\n              70.74347779138229\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.2265625,\n              70.74347779138229\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.2265625,\n              66.16051056018838\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59424b3fe4b0764e6c65dca6","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698016,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, Patricia E.","contributorId":71056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698017,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rhode, E. B.","contributorId":73156,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rhode","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698018,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Cameron, Raymond D.","contributorId":190363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cameron","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":698012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Walter T.","contributorId":8953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":698013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, Robert G.","contributorId":181759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":698014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Griffith, Brad","contributorId":190362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Griffith","given":"Brad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70024135,"text":"70024135 - 2002 - Stable isotope composition of waters in the Great Basin, United States 1. Air-mass trajectories","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:04","indexId":"70024135","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2316,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stable isotope composition of waters in the Great Basin, United States 1. Air-mass trajectories","docAbstract":"Isentropic trajectories, calculated using the NOAA/Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory's isentropic transport model, were used to determine air-parcel origins and the influence of air mass trajectories on the isotopic composition of precipitation events that occurred between October 1991 and September 1993 at Cedar City, Utah, and Winnemucca, Nevada. Examination of trajectories that trace the position of air parcels backward in time for 10 days indicated five distinct regions of water vapor origin: (1) Gulf of Alaska and North Pacific, (2) central Pacific, (3) tropical Pacific, (4) Gulf of Mexico, and (5) continental land mass. Deuterium (??D) and oxygen-18 (??18O) analyses were made of precipitation representing 99% of all Cedar City events. Similar analyses were made on precipitation representing 66% of the precipitation falling at Winnemucca during the same period. The average isotopic composition of precipitation derived from each water vapor source was determined. More than half of the precipitation that fell at both sites during the study period originated in the tropical Pacific and traveled northeast to the Great Basin; only a small proportion traversed the Sierra Nevada. The isotopic composition of precipitation is determined by air-mass origin and its track to the collection station, mechanism of droplet formation, reequilibration within clouds, and evaporation during its passage from cloud to ground. The Rayleigh distillation model can explain the changes in isotopic composition of precipitation as an air mass is cooled pseudo-adiabatically during uplift. However, the complicated processes that take place in the rapidly convecting environment of cumulonimbus and other clouds that are common in the Great Basin, especially in summer, require modification of this model because raindrops that form in the lower portion of those clouds undergo isotopic change as they are elevated to upper levels of the clouds from where they eventually drop to the ground.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2001JD000565","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Friedman, I., Harris, J., Smith, G., and Johnson, C.A., 2002, Stable isotope composition of waters in the Great Basin, United States 1. Air-mass trajectories: Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, v. 107, no. 19, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD000565.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231836,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207153,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001JD000565"}],"volume":"107","issue":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-10-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b966de4b08c986b31b4d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friedman, I.","contributorId":95596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harris, J.M.","contributorId":42751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, G.I.","contributorId":103694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"G.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, C. A. 0000-0002-1334-2996","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1334-2996","contributorId":27492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"C.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":400142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70186742,"text":"70186742 - 2002 - Ecological perspectives on Pacific salmon: Can we sustain biodiversity and fisheries?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-10T13:40:15","indexId":"70186742","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"14","title":"Ecological perspectives on Pacific salmon: Can we sustain biodiversity and fisheries?","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sustaining North American salmon: Perspectives across regions and disciplines","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","usgsCitation":"Knudsen, E.E., 2002, Ecological perspectives on Pacific salmon: Can we sustain biodiversity and fisheries?, chap. 14 <i>of</i> Sustaining North American salmon: Perspectives across regions and disciplines, p. 277-319.","productDescription":"43 p.","startPage":"277","endPage":"319","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339480,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339478,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fisheries.org/bookstore/all-titles/professional-and-trade/x55039xm/"}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e8a547e4b09da6799d63bf","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Lynch, Kristine D.","contributorId":190701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lynch","given":"Kristine","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690423,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Michael L.","contributorId":139526,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6596,"text":"Quantitative Fisheries Center, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":690424,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taylor, William W.","contributorId":166927,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":690425,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Knudsen, E. Eric","contributorId":104818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knudsen","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70023836,"text":"70023836 - 2002 - Ground temperatures across the old and new roads at mile 130, Richardson highway during 1954-62","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:12","indexId":"70023836","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Ground temperatures across the old and new roads at mile 130, Richardson highway during 1954-62","docAbstract":"Year-round studies of the geothermal impacts of road construction in a \"warm\" permafrost area were undertaken during 1954-1962 at six road sections across the Richardson and Glenn Highways, in the vicinity of Glennallen, Alaska. As a result, significant information was obtained regarding the temperatures, and changes in temperatures, in the permafrost beneath and adjacent to the highway sections.","largerWorkTitle":"Cold Regions Engineering Cold Regions Impacts on Transportation and Infrastructure: Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference","conferenceTitle":"Cold Regions Engineering Cold Regions Impacts on Transportation and Infrastructure: Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference","conferenceDate":"20 May 2002 through 22 May 2002","conferenceLocation":"Anchorage, AK","language":"English","isbn":"0784406219","usgsCitation":"Jin, H., Brewer, M., and Perkins, R., 2002, Ground temperatures across the old and new roads at mile 130, Richardson highway during 1954-62, <i>in</i> Cold Regions Engineering Cold Regions Impacts on Transportation and Infrastructure: Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference, Anchorage, AK, 20 May 2002 through 22 May 2002, p. 724-735.","startPage":"724","endPage":"735","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232757,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2aa0e4b0c8380cd5b31e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Merrill K.S.Merrill K.S.","contributorId":128317,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Merrill K.S.Merrill K.S.","id":536510,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Jin, H.","contributorId":9809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jin","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brewer, M.C.","contributorId":54994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perkins, R.A.","contributorId":26854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70180945,"text":"70180945 - 2002 - Alaska North Slope core workshop","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-09T11:18:07","indexId":"70180945","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Alaska North Slope core workshop","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pacific Section SEPM core workshop","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"Pacific Section SEPM core workshop","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Pacific Section","usgsCitation":"Houseknecht, D.W., 2002, Alaska North Slope core workshop, <i>in</i> Pacific Section SEPM core workshop, v. 92, p. 1-4.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":335083,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"92","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589d8dd8e4b0efcedb7ae5ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Houseknecht, David W. 0000-0002-9633-6910 dhouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9633-6910","contributorId":645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houseknecht","given":"David","email":"dhouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":4889,"text":"ds40 - 2002 - Volcanoes of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Alaska: selected photographs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:51","indexId":"ds40","displayToPublicDate":"1997-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"40","title":"Volcanoes of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Alaska: selected photographs","docAbstract":"This CD-ROM contains 97 digital images of volcanoes along the Aleutian volcanic arc in Alaska. Perspectives include distant aerial shots, ground views of volcanic products and processes, and dramatic views of eruptions in progress. Each image is stored as a .PCD file in five resolutions. Brief captions, a location map, and glossary are included.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ds40","issn":"1088-1018","usgsCitation":"Neal, C., and McGimsey, R.G., 2002, Volcanoes of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Alaska: selected photographs (Version 1.1): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 40, Online resource; 1 CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds40.","productDescription":"Online resource; 1 CD-ROM","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":623,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-40/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":139749,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 1.1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48e2e4b07f02db54e23b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neal, Christina A. 0000-0002-7697-7825","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":82660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Christina A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGimsey, Robert G. 0000-0001-5379-7779 mcgimsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5379-7779","contributorId":2352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGimsey","given":"Robert","email":"mcgimsey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":150048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":47459,"text":"wri024260 - 2002 - Water Quality of Camp Creek, Costello Creek, and Other Selected Streams on the South Side of Denali National Park and Preserve, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:38","indexId":"wri024260","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4260","title":"Water Quality of Camp Creek, Costello Creek, and Other Selected Streams on the South Side of Denali National Park and Preserve, Alaska","docAbstract":"The Camp and Costello Creek watersheds are located on the south side of Denali National Park and Preserve. The Dunkle Mine, an abandoned coal mine, is located near the mouth of Camp Creek. Due to concern about runoff from the mine and its possible effects on the water quality and aquatic habitat of Camp Creek and its receiving stream, Costello Creek, these two streams were studied during the summer runoff months (June to September) in 1999 and 2000 as part of a cooperative study with the National Park Service. Since the south side of Denali National Park and Preserve is part of the U.S. Geological Survey?s National Water-Quality Assessment Cook Inlet Basin study unit, an additional part of this study included analysis of existing water-quality data at 23 sites located throughout the south side of Denali National Park and Preserve to compare with the water quality of Camp and Costello Creeks and to obtain a broader understanding of the water quality in this area of the Cook Inlet Basin.\r\n\r\nAnalysis of water column, bed sediment, fish, invertebrate, and algae data indicate no effects on the water quality of Camp Creek from the Dunkle Mine. Although several organic compounds were found in the streambed of Camp Creek, all concentrations were below recommended levels for aquatic life and most of the concentrations were below the minimum reporting level of 50 ?g/kg. Trace element concentrations of arsenic, chromium, and nickel in the bed sediments of Camp Creek exceeded threshold effect concentrations (TEC), but concentrations of these trace elements were also exceeded in streambed sediments of Costello Creek above Camp Creek. Since the percent organic carbon in Camp Creek is relatively high, the toxicity quotient of 0.55 is only slightly above the threshold value of 0.5. Costello Creek has a relatively low organic carbon content and has a higher toxicity quotient of 1.19.\r\n\r\nAnalysis of the water-quality data for other streams located in the south side of Denali National Park and Preserve indicate similarities to Camp Creek and Costello Creek. Most of the streams are calcium bicarbonate/calcium bicarbonate-sulfate type water with the exception of two streams that are calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate type water. Trace element concentrations of arsenic, chromium, and nickel in the bed sediments of 9 streams exceeded the TEC or the probable effect concentration (PEC). Seven streams exceeded the threshold value of the toxicity quotient. Analysis of trace element concentrations in bed sediment and basin characteristics for 16 watersheds by cluster and discriminant analysis techniques indicated that the watersheds could be separated into two groups based on their basin characteristics.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri024260","usgsCitation":"Brabets, T.P., and Whitman, M.S., 2002, Water Quality of Camp Creek, Costello Creek, and Other Selected Streams on the South Side of Denali National Park and Preserve, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4260, 60 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024260.","productDescription":"60 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":3985,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri024260/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":173419,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db69925d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brabets, Timothy P. tbrabets@usgs.gov","contributorId":2087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabets","given":"Timothy","email":"tbrabets@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":235427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitman, Matthew S.","contributorId":67961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitman","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":235428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":53895,"text":"itr20020003 - 2002 - Research plan for lands administered by the U.S. Department of the Interior in the Interior Columbia Basin and Snake River Plateau","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T16:08:23","indexId":"itr20020003","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":366,"text":"Information and Technology Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"2002-0003","title":"Research plan for lands administered by the U.S. Department of the Interior in the Interior Columbia Basin and Snake River Plateau","docAbstract":"<p>This document presents a long-term research strategy designed to address current and future research needs for management of Department of the Interior-administered ecosystems in the Intermountain West. Although the research plan was developed in the context of the Interior Columbia Basin Ecosystem Management Project, the plan addresses many high-priority issues facing land managers throughout the Intermountain West. These issues pose management challenges that may be addressed with applied research both currently and in upcoming decades. Possessing a particular focus on semiarid ecosystems, the plan is a collection of research questions under five categories of research emphases: 1) restoration; 2) rangeland health; 3) aquatic-terrestrial connections; 4) development of monitoring and evaluation protocols; and 5) species and habitats at risk.</p>\n<p>The goal of the research strategy is to provide ideas for integrating emerging scientific understanding into future management in order to restore and maintain long-term ecosystem health and ecological integrity; provide consistent management direction over broad spatial and temporal scales; emphasize adaptive management over the long term; restore and maintain habitats for plant and animal species; and support economic and social needs of people, without compromising the above goals. Research questions are prioritized into three categories based on the immediacy of their need, feasibility of addressing the question rigorously under varying funding budgets, and magnitude of risk posed by not addressing the issue. The research strategy is intended to support and integrate with existing management efforts and strategies. As such, it melds observational studies with experimental manipulation, treating management actions as experiments whenever feasible.</p>\n<p>The research strategy focuses on disturbance processes and events that have been the primary drivers of change, to provide a predictive model for future changes. These drivers include fire, nonnative plants, herbivory, roads and associated human influences, and climate change. Whereas management in the western United States has striven to move from an inefficient species-based approach to a habitat-based approach, the plan focuses on ecosystem function and ecological processes as critical measures of habitat response. Because of the large amount and contiguity of public lands in the western United States, the region presents both a compelling opportunity to implement landscape-level science and a challenge to underst</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/itr20020003","issn":"1081-2911","collaboration":"Prepared as part of an interagency agreement between USGS Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center and the Bureau of Land Management, Oregon/Washington State Office","usgsCitation":"Beever, E.A., and Pyke, D.A., 2002, Research plan for lands administered by the U.S. Department of the Interior in the Interior Columbia Basin and Snake River Plateau: Information and Technology Report 2002-0003, iv, 71 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/itr20020003.","productDescription":"iv, 71 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"71","numberOfPages":"79","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177578,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/itr/2002/0003/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":12786,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/itr/2002/0003/itr20020003.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"ITR 2002-0003"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62bbf3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beever, Erik A. 0000-0002-9369-486X ebeever@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-486X","contributorId":2934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beever","given":"Erik","email":"ebeever@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pyke, David A. 0000-0002-4578-8335 david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-8335","contributorId":3118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pyke","given":"David","email":"david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":53361,"text":"wdrAK011 - 2002 - Water Resources Data, Alaska, Water Year 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:25","indexId":"wdrAK011","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"AK-01-1","title":"Water Resources Data, Alaska, Water Year 2001","docAbstract":"Water-resources data for the 2001 water year for Alaska consists of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stages of lakes; and water levels and water quality of ground-water wells. This volume contains records for water discharge at 112 gaging stations; stage or contents only at 4 gaging stations; water quality at 37 gaging stations; and water levels for 30 observation wells. Also included are data for 51 crest-stage partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites not involved in the systematic data-collection program and are published as miscellaneous measurements and analyses. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Alaska.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wdrAK011","usgsCitation":"Meyer, D.F., Solin, G., Apgar, M., Hess, D., and Swenson, W., 2002, Water Resources Data, Alaska, Water Year 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report AK-01-1, 468 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrAK011.","productDescription":"468 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":179199,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5083,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/WDRAK011/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc61d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meyer, D. F.","contributorId":21167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Solin, G. L.","contributorId":106132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solin","given":"G. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Apgar, M.L.","contributorId":50218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Apgar","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hess, D.L.","contributorId":23209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Swenson, W.A.","contributorId":26363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swenson","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":50684,"text":"ofr02334 - 2002 - Characteristics of Urbanization in Five Watersheds of Anchorage, Alaska: Geographic Information System Data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:22","indexId":"ofr02334","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-334","title":"Characteristics of Urbanization in Five Watersheds of Anchorage, Alaska: Geographic Information System Data","docAbstract":"The report contains environmental and urban geographic information system data for 14 sites in 5 watersheds in Anchorage, Alaska. These sites were examined during summer in 1999 and 2000 to determine effects of urbanization on water quality. The data sets are Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc., shapefiles, coverages, and images. Also included are an elevation grid and a triangulated irregular network. Although the data are intended for users with advanced geographic information system capabilities, simple images of the data also are available. ArcView? 3.2 project, an ArcGIS? project, and 16 ArcExplorer2? projects are linked to the PDF file based report.  Some of these coverages are large files over 10 MB. The largest coverage, impervious cover, is 208 MB.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02334","usgsCitation":"Moran, E.H., 2002, Characteristics of Urbanization in Five Watersheds of Anchorage, Alaska: Geographic Information System Data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-334, 21 p.; two CD-ROMs, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02334.","productDescription":"21 p.; two CD-ROMs","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":179680,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4161,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/ofr02334/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dbe4b07f02db5e0dba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moran, Edward H. emoran@usgs.gov","contributorId":5445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Edward","email":"emoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":242073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":50089,"text":"fs12102 - 2002 - National Civil Applications Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-10T09:38:30","indexId":"fs12102","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"121-02","title":"National Civil Applications Program","docAbstract":"The National Civil Applications Program\n(NCAP) is a component of the U.S.\nGeological Survey's (USGS) Mapping,\nRemote Sensing, and Geographic\nInvestigations Program. The NCAP\nserves Federal civil agencies by providing\nfor the acquisition, dissemination,\nand exploitation of classified remote\nsensing systems and data in support of\nmission responsibilities for land and\nresource management, environmental and\nscientific studies, homeland security, and\nhazards/disaster management.\nCivil applications of classified remotely\nsensed imagery began in 1969 when the\nUSGS provided Federal civil agencies\nwith access to imagery for various uses,\nincluding mapping, charting, geodesy,\nand management of the Nation's lands\nand resources. The Civil Applications\nCommittee (CAC) was established in\n1975 to provide oversight and\ncoordination of these activities. The CAC\nis composed of 11 Federal departments\nand independent agencies. The USGS,\nthrough the Secretary of the Interior, is\ndelegated responsibility to chair the\nCAC.\nThe use of classified remotely sensed\ndata has increased dramatically over the\npast 10 years. There has been an\nexpanded emphasis on using data for\nenvironmental monitoring and research\nand for hazards detection, warning, and\nemergency response. To address the\ngrowing requirements and better serve\nthe Federal civil community, the USGS\nexpanded its investment in NCAP\nfacilities and infrastructure during the\n1990s. The USGS Advanced Systems\nCenter (ASC) in Reston, Va., was built in\n1993 and serves as the hub of NCAP\noperations. The USGS operates regional\nfacilities in Denver, Colo.; Rolla, Mo.;\nSioux Falls, S. Dak.; and Menlo Park,\nCalif. An interagency NCAP facility is\nlocated in Anchorage, Alaska. Each\nUSGS facility provides the infrastructure,\nsystems, and expertise required to\nsupport the growing diversity of civil\napplications.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs12102","usgsCitation":"Budd, W.A., 2002, National Civil Applications Program: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 121-02, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs12102.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":286124,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/0121-02/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":286123,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/0121-02/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b444c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Budd, Wendy A.","contributorId":12780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budd","given":"Wendy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":240749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}