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We obtained Advanced Camera for Surveys Solar Blind Channel far ultraviolet low-resolution spectra that show oxygen line emission both in and out of eclipse. We also used the Wide-Field and Planetary Camera-2 and searched for broad-band optical emission from fluorescence of the surface material, arising from the very high level of incident energetic particle radiation on ices and potentially organic substances. The high-energy particle radiation at the surface of Europa is extremely intense and is responsible for the production of a tenuous oxygen atmosphere and associated FUV line emission. Approximately 50% of the oxygen emission lasts at least a few hours into the eclipse. We discuss the detection limits of the optical emission, which allow us to estimate the fraction of incident energy reradiated at optical wavelengths, through electron-excited emission, Cherenkov radiation in the ice and fluorescent processes. ?? 2010 Cambridge University Press.","largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Astrobiology","language":"English","doi":"10.1017/S1473550410000285","issn":"14735504","usgsCitation":"Sparks, W., McGrath, M., Hand, K., Ford, H., Geissler, P., Hough, J., Turner, E., Chyba, C., Carlson, R., and Turnbull, M., 2010, Hubble Space Telescope observations of Europa in and out of eclipse, <i>in</i> International Journal of Astrobiology, v. 9, no. 4, p. 265-271, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1473550410000285.","startPage":"265","endPage":"271","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218018,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1473550410000285"},{"id":245995,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3272e4b0c8380cd5e7f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sparks, W.B.","contributorId":51138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sparks","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGrath, M.","contributorId":9897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGrath","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hand, K.","contributorId":36785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hand","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ford, H.C.","contributorId":82165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"H.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Geissler, P.","contributorId":45662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geissler","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hough, J.H.","contributorId":56075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hough","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Turner, E.L.","contributorId":90967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Chyba, C.F.","contributorId":22182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chyba","given":"C.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Carlson, R.","contributorId":30773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Turnbull, M.","contributorId":63247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turnbull","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70037579,"text":"70037579 - 2010 - Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources, onshore Claiborne Group, United Statespart of the northern Gulf of Mexico Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-16T20:17:25","indexId":"70037579","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources, onshore Claiborne Group, United Statespart of the northern Gulf of Mexico Basin","docAbstract":"The middle Eocene Claiborne Group was assessed for undiscovered conventional hydrocarbon resources using established U.S. Geological Survey assessment methodology. This work was conducted as part of a 2007 assessment of Paleogene-Neogene strata of the northern Gulf of Mexico Basin, including the United States onshore and state waters (Dubiel et al., 2007). The assessed area is within the Upper Jurassic-CretaceousTertiary composite total petroleum system, which was defined for the assessment. Source rocks for Claiborne oil accumulations are interpreted to be organic-rich, downdip, shaley facies of the Wilcox Group and the Sparta Sand of the Claiborne Group; gas accumulations may have originated from multiple sources, including the Jurassic Smackover Formation and the Haynesville and Bossier shales, the Cretaceous Eagle Ford and Pearsall (?) formations, and the Paleogene Wilcox Group and Sparta Sand. Hydrocarbon generation in the basin started prior to deposition of Claiborne sediments and is currently ongoing. Primary reservoir sandstones in the Claiborne Group include, from oldest to youngest, the Queen City Sand, Cook Mountain Formation, Sparta Sand, Yegua Formation, and the laterally equivalent Cockfield Formation. A geologic model, supported by spatial analysis of petroleum geology data, including discovered reservoir depths, thicknesses, temperatures, porosities, permeabilities, and pressures, was used to divide the Claiborne Group into seven assessment units (AUs) with three distinctive structural and depositional settings. The three structural and depositional settings are (1) stable shelf, (2) expanded fault zone, and (3) slope and basin floor; the seven AUs are (1) lower Claiborne stable-shelf gas and oil, (2) lower Claiborne expanded fault-zone gas, (3) lower Claiborne slope and basin-floor gas, (4) lower Claiborne Cane River, (5) upper Claiborne stable-shelf gas and oil, (6) upper Claiborne expanded fault-zone gas, and (7) upper Claiborne slope and basin-floor gas. Based on Monte Carlo simulation of justified input parameters, the total estimated mean undiscovered conventional hydrocarbon resources in the seven AUs combined are 52 million bbl of oil, 19.145 tcf of natural gas, and 1.205 billion bbl of natural gas liquids. This article describes the conceptual geologic model used to define the seven Claiborne AUs, the characteristics of each AU, and the justification behind the input parameters used to estimate undiscovered resources for each AU. The great bulk of undiscovered hydrocarbon resources are predicted to be nonassociated gas and natural gas liquids contained in deep (mostiy >12,000-ft [3658 m], present-day drilling depths), overpressured, structurally complex outer shelf or slope and basin-floor Claiborne reservoirs. The continuing development of these downdip objectives is expected to be the primary focus of exploration activity for the onshore middle Eocene Gulf Coast in the coming decades. ?? 2010 U.S. Geological Survey. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK","doi":"10.1306/04061009139","issn":"01491423","usgsCitation":"Hackley, P., and Ewing, T., 2010, Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources, onshore Claiborne Group, United Statespart of the northern Gulf of Mexico Basin: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 94, no. 10, p. 1607-1636, https://doi.org/10.1306/04061009139.","startPage":"1607","endPage":"1636","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246070,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218089,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1306/04061009139"}],"volume":"94","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee6ee4b0c8380cd49d61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hackley, P.C. 0000-0002-5957-2551","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":60756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"P.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ewing, T.E.","contributorId":34369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ewing","given":"T.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036507,"text":"70036507 - 2010 - Reserve growth in oil pools of Alberta: Model and forecast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:05","indexId":"70036507","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1100,"text":"Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reserve growth in oil pools of Alberta: Model and forecast","docAbstract":"Reserve growth is recognized as a major component of additions to reserves in most oil provinces around the world, particularly in mature provinces. It takes place as a result of the discovery of new pools/reservoirs and extensions of known pools within existing fields, improved knowledge of reservoirs over time leading to a change in estimates of original oil-in-place, and improvement in recovery factor through the application of new technology, such as enhanced oil recovery methods, horizontal/multilateral drilling, and 4D seismic. A reserve growth study was conducted on oil pools in Alberta, Canada, with the following objectives: 1) evaluate historical oil reserve data in order to assess the potential for future reserve growth; 2) develop reserve growth models/ functions to help forecast hydrocarbon volumes; 3) study reserve growth sensitivity to various parameters (for example, pool size, porosity, and oil gravity); and 4) compare reserve growth in oil pools and fields in Alberta with those from other large petroleum provinces around the world. The reported known recoverable oil exclusive of Athabasca oil sands in Alberta increased from 4.5 billion barrels of oil (BBO) in 1960 to 17 BBO in 2005. Some of the pools that were included in the existing database were excluded from the present study for lack of adequate data. Therefore, the known recoverable oil increased from 4.2 to 13.9 BBO over the period from 1960 through 2005, with new discoveries contributing 3.7 BBO and reserve growth adding 6 BBO. This reserve growth took place mostly in pools with more than 125,000 barrels of known recoverable oil. Pools with light oil accounted for most of the total known oil volume, therefore reflecting the overall pool growth. Smaller pools, in contrast, shrank in their total recoverable volumes over the years. Pools with heavy oil (gravity less than 20o API) make up only a small share (3.8 percent) of the total recoverable oil; they showed a 23-fold growth compared to about 3.5-fold growth in pools with medium oil and 2.2-fold growth in pools with light oil over a fifty-year period. The analysis indicates that pools with high porosity reservoirs (greater than 30 percent porosity) grew more than pools with lower porosity reservoirs which could possibly be attributed to permeability differences between the two types. Reserve growth models for Alberta, Canada, show the growth at field level is almost twice as much as at pool level, possibly because the analysis has evaluated fields with two or more pools with different discovery years. Based on the models, the growth in oil volumes in Alberta pools over the next five-year period (2006-2010) is expected to be about 454 million barrels of oil. Over a twenty-five year period, the cumulative reserve growth in Alberta oil pools has been only 2-fold compared to a 4- to- 5-fold increase in other petroleum producing areas such as Saskatchewan, Volga-Ural, U.S. onshore fields, and U.S. Gulf of Mexico. However, the growth at the field level compares well with that of U.S. onshore fields. In other petroleum provinces, the reserves are reported at field levels rather than at pool levels, the latter basically being the equivalent of individual reservoirs. ?? 2010 by the Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2113/gscpgbull.58.3.283","issn":"00074802","usgsCitation":"Verma, M., and Cook, T., 2010, Reserve growth in oil pools of Alberta: Model and forecast: Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, v. 58, no. 3, p. 283-293, https://doi.org/10.2113/gscpgbull.58.3.283.","startPage":"283","endPage":"293","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218209,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gscpgbull.58.3.283"},{"id":246196,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"58","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa94ce4b0c8380cd85d1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Verma, M.","contributorId":72237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verma","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cook, T.","contributorId":59991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037645,"text":"70037645 - 2010 - Anthropogenic tracers, endocrine disrupting chemicals, and endocrine disruption in Minnesota lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-11T10:24:57","indexId":"70037645","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anthropogenic tracers, endocrine disrupting chemicals, and endocrine disruption in Minnesota lakes","docAbstract":"<p><span>Concentrations of endocrine disrupting chemicals and endocrine disruption in fish were determined in 11 lakes across Minnesota that represent a range of trophic conditions and land uses (urban, agricultural, residential, and forested) and in which wastewater treatment plant discharges were absent. Water, sediment, and passive polar organic integrative samplers (POCIS) were analyzed for steroidal hormones, alkylphenols, bisphenol A, and other organic and inorganic molecular tracers to evaluate potential non-point source inputs into the lakes. Resident fish from the lakes were collected, and caged male fathead minnows were deployed to evaluate endocrine disruption, as indicated by the biological endpoints of plasma vitellogenin and gonadal histology. Endocrine disrupting chemicals, including bisphenol A, 17β-estradiol, estrone, and 4-nonylphenol were detected in 90% of the lakes at part per trillion concentrations. Endocrine disruption was observed in caged fathead minnows and resident fish in 90% of the lakes. The widespread but variable occurrence of anthropogenic chemicals in the lakes and endocrine disruption in fish indicates that potential sources are diverse, not limited to wastewater treatment plant discharges, and not entirely predictable based on trophic status and land use.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.07.018","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Writer, J., Barber, L.B., Brown, G., Taylor, H.E., Kiesling, R., Ferrey, M., Jahns, N., Bartell, S., and Schoenfuss, H., 2010, Anthropogenic tracers, endocrine disrupting chemicals, and endocrine disruption in Minnesota lakes: Science of the Total Environment, v. 409, no. 1, p. 100-111, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.07.018.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"100","endPage":"111","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-019037","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246099,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218117,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.07.018"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","volume":"409","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec5ce4b0c8380cd4921a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Writer, J.H.","contributorId":9780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Writer","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barber, L. B.","contributorId":64602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, G.K.","contributorId":62362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"G.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Taylor, Howard E. hetaylor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Howard","email":"hetaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kiesling, R.L.","contributorId":62721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiesling","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ferrey, M.L.","contributorId":78181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrey","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jahns, N.D.","contributorId":55248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jahns","given":"N.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bartell, S.E.","contributorId":40817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartell","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Schoenfuss, H.L.","contributorId":103877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoenfuss","given":"H.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70037584,"text":"70037584 - 2010 - Considerations for developing wolf harvesting regulations in the contiguous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-14T15:01:20","indexId":"70037584","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Considerations for developing wolf harvesting regulations in the contiguous United States","docAbstract":"<p>A<span>s gray wolves (</span><i>Canis lupus</i><span>) are removed from the federal Endangered Species List, management reverts to the states. Eventually most states will probably allow public wolf harvesting. Open seasons between about 1 November and 1 March accord more with basic wolf biology than during other times. Managers who consider wolf biology and public sensitivities, adapt public-taking regulations accordingly, and adjust harvest regulations as they learn will be best able to maximize the recreational value of wolf harvesting, minimize public animosity toward it, and meet their harvest objectives.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.2193/2009-540","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Mech, L.D., 2010, Considerations for developing wolf harvesting regulations in the contiguous United States: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 74, no. 7, p. 1421-1424, https://doi.org/10.2193/2009-540.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1421","endPage":"1424","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245879,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska, Colorado, Idaho, 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David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70037602,"text":"70037602 - 2010 - Growth, condition factor, and bioenergetics modeling link warmer stream temperatures below a small dam to reduced performance of juvenile steelhead","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:06","indexId":"70037602","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth, condition factor, and bioenergetics modeling link warmer stream temperatures below a small dam to reduced performance of juvenile steelhead","docAbstract":"We investigated the growth and feeding performance of juvenile steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss using field measures and bioenergetics modeling. Juvenile steelhead populations were sampled from mid-June through August 2004 at study sites upstream and downstream of Hemlock Dam. The growth and diet of juvenile steelhead were determined for a warm (summer) and subsequent (late summer) transitional period at each study site. Empirical data on the growth and diet of juvenile steelhead and mean daily temperatures were used in a bioenergetics model to estimate the proportion of maximum consumption achieved by juvenile steelhead by site and period. Modeled estimates of feeding performance were better for juvenile steelhead at the upstream compared to the downstream site during both periods. The median condition factor of juvenile steelhead did not change over the summer at the upstream site, but showed a significant decline over time at the downstream site. A negative trend in median condition factor at the downstream site supported bioenergetics modeling results that suggested the warmer stream temperatures had a negative impact on juvenile steelhead. Bioenergetics modeling predicted a lower feeding performance for juvenile steelhead rearing downstream compared to upstream of Hemlock Dam although food availability appeared to be limited at both study sites during the warm period. Warmer water temperatures, greater diel variation, and change in diel pattern likely led to the reduced feeding performance and reduced growth, which could have affected the overall survival of juvenile steelhead downstream of Hemlock Dam. ?? 2010 by the Northwest Scientific Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northwest Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3955/046.084.0406","issn":"0029344X","usgsCitation":"Sauter, S., and Connolly, P., 2010, Growth, condition factor, and bioenergetics modeling link warmer stream temperatures below a small dam to reduced performance of juvenile steelhead: Northwest Science, v. 84, no. 4, p. 369-377, https://doi.org/10.3955/046.084.0406.","startPage":"369","endPage":"377","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218034,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3955/046.084.0406"},{"id":246011,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"84","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2e10e4b0c8380cd5c28f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sauter, S.T.","contributorId":13203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauter","given":"S.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Connolly, P.J.","contributorId":70141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connolly","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":461871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037711,"text":"70037711 - 2010 - Diversity in destinations, routes and timing of small adult and sub-adult striped bass Morone saxatilis on their southward autumn migration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-18T12:54:39","indexId":"70037711","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diversity in destinations, routes and timing of small adult and sub-adult striped bass Morone saxatilis on their southward autumn migration","docAbstract":"<p><span>Almost three-quarters of the 46 young adult and sub-adult striped bass<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span></span><i>Morone saxatilis</i><span><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span>that were acoustically tagged in Plum Island Estuary, Massachusetts, U.S.A., in the summer of 2006 were detected in one or more southern coastal arrays during their autumn migration. On the basis of the trajectories along which these<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span></span><i>M. saxatilis</i><span><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span>moved from feeding to overwintering areas, three migratory groups emerged. After leaving Plum Island Estuary, about half of the fish were detected only in a mid-latitude array, Long Island Sound. The other half of the tagged fish were detected during autumn and winter in a more southern array, the Delaware Estuary. This latter group of fish may have used two routes. Some travelled to the Delaware Estuary through Long Island Sound while other fish may have taken a second, more direct, coastal route that did not include Long Island Sound. Consequently, a seemingly homogeneous group of fish tagged at the same time in the same non-natal feeding location exhibited a diversity of southward movement patterns that could affect population-level processes. 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III","contributorId":69827,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brundage","given":"Harold","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Deegan, Linda A.","contributorId":34094,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deegan","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":27818,"text":"The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory. Woods Hole, MA 02543.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":462439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Muth, Robert M.","contributorId":41682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muth","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70037407,"text":"70037407 - 2010 - Differentiating aquatic plant communities in a eutrophic river using hyperspectral and multispectral remote sensing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:09","indexId":"70037407","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differentiating aquatic plant communities in a eutrophic river using hyperspectral and multispectral remote sensing","docAbstract":"This study evaluates the efficacy of remote sensing technology to monitor species composition, areal extent and density of aquatic plants (macrophytes and filamentous algae) in impoundments where their presence may violate water-quality standards. Multispectral satellite (IKONOS) images and more than 500 in situ hyperspectral samples were acquired to map aquatic plant distributions. By analyzing field measurements, we created a library of hyperspectral signatures for a variety of aquatic plant species, associations and densities. We also used three vegetation indices. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), near-infrared (NIR)-Green Angle Index (NGAI) and normalized water absorption depth (DH), at wavelengths 554, 680, 820 and 977 nm to differentiate among aquatic plant species composition, areal density and thickness in cases where hyperspectral analysis yielded potentially ambiguous interpretations. We compared the NDVI derived from IKONOS imagery with the in situ, hyperspectral-derived NDVI. The IKONOS-based images were also compared to data obtained through routine visual observations. Our results confirmed that aquatic species composition alters spectral signatures and affects the accuracy of remote sensing of aquatic plant density. The results also demonstrated that the NGAI has apparent advantages in estimating density over the NDVI and the DH. In the feature space of the three indices, 3D scatter plot analysis revealed that hyperspectral data can differentiate several aquatic plant associations. High-resolution multispectral imagery provided useful information to distinguish among biophysical aquatic plant characteristics. Classification analysis indicated that using satellite imagery to assess Lemna coverage yielded an overall agreement of 79% with visual observations and &gt;90% agreement for the densest aquatic plant coverages. Interpretation of biophysical parameters derived from high-resolution satellite or airborne imagery should prove to be a valuable approach for assessing the effectiveness of management practices for controlling aquatic plant growth in inland waters, as well as for routine monitoring of aquatic plants in lakes and suitable lentic environments. ?? 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Freshwater Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2427.2010.02400.x","issn":"00465070","usgsCitation":"Tian, Y., Yu, Q., Zimmerman, M., Flint, S., and Waldron, M., 2010, Differentiating aquatic plant communities in a eutrophic river using hyperspectral and multispectral remote sensing: Freshwater Biology, v. 55, no. 8, p. 1658-1673, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2010.02400.x.","startPage":"1658","endPage":"1673","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217205,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2010.02400.x"},{"id":245132,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0104e4b0c8380cd4fa4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tian, Y.Q.","contributorId":75358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tian","given":"Y.Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yu, Q.","contributorId":26163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yu","given":"Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zimmerman, M.J.","contributorId":89879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flint, S.","contributorId":54046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Waldron, M.C.","contributorId":33342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldron","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70035302,"text":"70035302 - 2010 - Environmental controls on drainage behavior of an ephemeral stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T15:24:40","indexId":"70035302","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3478,"text":"Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental controls on drainage behavior of an ephemeral stream","docAbstract":"Streambed drainage was measured at the cessation of 26 ephemeral streamflow events in Rillito Creek, Tucson, Arizona from August 2000 to June 2002 using buried time domain reflectometry (TDR) probes. An unusual drainage response was identified, which was characterized by sharp drainage from saturation to near field capacity at each depth with an increased delay between depths. We simulated the drainage response using a variably saturated numerical flow model representing a two-layer system with a high permeability layer overlying a lower permeability layer. Both the observed data and the numerical simulation show a strong correlation between the drainage velocity and the temperature of the stream water. A linear combination of temperature and the no-flow period preceding flow explained about 90% of the measured variations in drainage velocity. Evaluation of this correlative relationship with the one-dimensional numerical flow model showed that the observed temperature fluctuations could not reproduce the magnitude of variation in the observed drainage velocity. Instead, the model results indicated that flow duration exerts the most control on drainage velocity, with the drainage velocity decreasing nonlinearly with increasing flow duration. These findings suggest flow duration is a primary control of water availability for plant uptake in near surface sediments of an ephemeral stream, an important finding for estimating the ecological risk of natural or engineered changes to streamflow patterns. Correlative analyses of soil moisture data, although easy and widely used, can result in erroneous conclusions of hydrologic cause—effect relationships, and demonstrating the need for joint physically-based numerical modeling and data synthesis for hypothesis testing to support quantitative risk analysis.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"http://www.springer.com","doi":"10.1007/s00477-010-0398-8","issn":"14363240","usgsCitation":"Blasch, K., Ferre, T., and Vrugt, J., 2010, Environmental controls on drainage behavior of an ephemeral stream: Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, v. 24, no. 7, p. 1077-1087, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00477-010-0398-8.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1077","endPage":"1087","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243041,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215251,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00477-010-0398-8"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","city":"Tucson","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.0594,31.9917 ], [ -111.0594,32.3202 ], [ -110.7082,32.3202 ], [ -110.7082,31.9917 ], [ -111.0594,31.9917 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"24","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-04-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a09b5e4b0c8380cd5201f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blasch, K.W.","contributorId":29877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blasch","given":"K.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ferre, T.P.A.","contributorId":196167,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferre","given":"T.P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vrugt, J.A.","contributorId":77378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vrugt","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037712,"text":"70037712 - 2010 - Dacite petrogenesis on mid-ocean ridges: Evidence for oceanic crustal melting and assimilation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:34","indexId":"70037712","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2420,"text":"Journal of Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dacite petrogenesis on mid-ocean ridges: Evidence for oceanic crustal melting and assimilation","docAbstract":"Whereas the majority of eruptions at oceanic spreading centers produce lavas with relatively homogeneous mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) compositions, the formation of tholeiitic andesites and dacites at mid-ocean ridges (MORs) is a petrological enigma. Eruptions of MOR high-silica lavas are typically associated with ridge discontinuities and have produced regionally significant volumes of lava. Andesites and dacites have been observed and sampled at several locations along the global MOR system; these include propagating ridge tips at ridge-transform intersections on the Juan de Fuca Ridge and eastern Gal??pagos spreading center, and at the 9??N overlapping spreading center on the East Pacific Rise. Despite the formation of these lavas at various ridges, MOR dacites show remarkably similar major element trends and incompatible trace element enrichments, suggesting that similar processes are controlling their chemistry. Although most geochemical variability in MOR basalts is consistent with low-pressure fractional crystallization of various mantle-derived parental melts, our geochemical data for MOR dacitic glasses suggest that contamination from a seawater-altered component is important in their petrogenesis. MOR dacites are characterized by elevated U, Th, Zr, and Hf, low Nb and Ta concentrations relative to rare earth elements (REE), and Al2O3, K2O, and Cl concentrations that are higher than expected from low-pressure fractional crystallization alone. Petrological modeling of MOR dacites suggests that partial melting and assimilation are both integral to their petrogenesis. Extensive fractional crystallization of a MORB parent combined with partial melting and assimilation of amphibole-bearing altered crust produces a magma with a geochemical signature similar to a MOR dacite. This supports the hypothesis that crustal assimilation is an important process in the formation of highly evolved MOR lavas and may be significant in the generation of evolved MORB in general. Additionally, these processes are likely to be more common in regions of episodic magma supply and enhanced magma-crust interaction such as at the ends of ridge segments. ?? The Author 2010. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1093/petrology/egq056","issn":"00223530","usgsCitation":"Wanless, V., Perfit, M., Ridley, W., and Klein, E., 2010, Dacite petrogenesis on mid-ocean ridges: Evidence for oceanic crustal melting and assimilation: Journal of Petrology, v. 51, no. 12, p. 2377-2410, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egq056.","startPage":"2377","endPage":"2410","numberOfPages":"34","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475859,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egq056","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245887,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217914,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egq056"}],"volume":"51","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd57e4b0c8380cd4e7ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wanless, V.D.","contributorId":30487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanless","given":"V.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perfit, M.R.","contributorId":45467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perfit","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ridley, W.I.","contributorId":72122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ridley","given":"W.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Klein, E.","contributorId":97356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klein","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037696,"text":"70037696 - 2010 - Development of a new toxic-unit model for the bioassessment of metals in streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T17:03:54","indexId":"70037696","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of a new toxic-unit model for the bioassessment of metals in streams","docAbstract":"Two toxic-unit models that estimate the toxicity of trace-metal mixtures to benthic communities were compared. The chronic criterion accumulation ratio (CCAR), a modification of biotic ligand model (BLM) outputs for use as a toxic-unit model, accounts for the modifying and competitive influences of major cations (Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, H<sup>+</sup>), anions (HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>, CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2−</sup>,SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>, Cl<sup>−</sup>, S<sup>2−</sup>) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in determining the free metal ion available for accumulation on the biotic ligand. The cumulative criterion unit (CCU) model, an empirical statistical model of trace-metal toxicity, considers only the ameliorative properties of Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup> (hardness) in determining the toxicity of total dissolved trace metals. Differences in the contribution of a metal (e.g., Cu, Cd, Zn) to toxic units as determined by CCAR or CCU were observed and attributed to how each model incorporates the influences of DOC, pH, and alkalinity. Akaike information criteria demonstrate that CCAR is an improved predictor of benthic macroinvertebrate community metrics as compared with CCU. Piecewise models depict great declines (thresholds) in benthic macroinvertebrate communities at CCAR of 1 or more, while negative changes in benthic communities were detected at a CCAR of less than 1. We observed a 7% reduction in total taxa richness and a 43% decrease in Heptageniid abundance between background (CCAR = 0.1) and the threshold of chronic toxicity on the basis of continuous chronic criteria (CCAR = 1). In this first application of the BLM as a toxic-unit model, we found it superior to CCU.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.302","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, T., Clements, W., Mitchell, K., Church, S.E., Wanty, R.B., Fey, D.L., Verplanck, P.L., and San Juan, C.A., 2010, Development of a new toxic-unit model for the bioassessment of metals in streams: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 29, no. 11, p. 2432-2442, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.302.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2432","endPage":"2442","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475786,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.302","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246004,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218027,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.302"}],"volume":"29","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a003fe4b0c8380cd4f67a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, Travis S. 0000-0003-1400-0637 tschmidt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1400-0637","contributorId":1300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Travis S.","email":"tschmidt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clements, W.H.","contributorId":78855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clements","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mitchell, K.A.","contributorId":38825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Church, Stanley E. schurch@usgs.gov","contributorId":199165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Church","given":"Stanley","email":"schurch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":462344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wanty, Richard B. 0000-0002-2063-6423 rwanty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-6423","contributorId":443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanty","given":"Richard","email":"rwanty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fey, David L. dfey@usgs.gov","contributorId":713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fey","given":"David","email":"dfey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Verplanck, Philip L. 0000-0002-3653-6419 plv@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-6419","contributorId":728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verplanck","given":"Philip","email":"plv@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"San Juan, Carma A. 0000-0002-9151-1919 csanjuan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9151-1919","contributorId":1146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"San Juan","given":"Carma","email":"csanjuan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70037679,"text":"70037679 - 2010 - Arsenic Geochemistry and Hydrostratigraphy in Midwestern U.S. Glacial Deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:33","indexId":"70037679","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Arsenic Geochemistry and Hydrostratigraphy in Midwestern U.S. Glacial Deposits","docAbstract":"Arsenic concentrations exceeding the U.S. EPA's 10 ??g/L standard are common in glacial aquifers in the midwestern United States. Previous studies have indicated that arsenic occurs naturally in these aquifers in association with metal-(hydr)oxides and is released to groundwater under reducing conditions generated by microbial oxidation of organic matter. Despite this delineation of the arsenic source and mechanism of arsenic mobilization, identification of arsenic-impacted aquifers is hindered by the heterogeneous and discontinuous nature of glacial sediments. In much of the Midwest, the hydrostratigraphy of glacial deposits is not sufficiently characterized to predict where elevated arsenic concentrations are likely to occur. This case study from southeast Wisconsin presents a detailed characterization of local stratigraphy, hydrostratigraphy, and geochemistry of the Pleistocene glacial deposits and underlying Silurian dolomite. Analyses of a single core, water chemistry data, and well construction reports enabled identification of two aquifers separated by an organic-rich aquitard. The upper, unconfined aquifer provides potable water, whereas arsenic generally exceeds 10 ??g/L in the deeper aquifer. Although coring and detailed hydrostratigraphic characterization are often considered impractical, our results demonstrate that a single core improved interpretation of the complex lithology and hydrostratigraphy. This detailed characterization of hydrostratigraphy facilitated development of well construction guidelines and lays the ground work for further studies of the complex interactions among aquifer sediments, hydrogeology, water chemistry, and microbiology that lead to elevated arsenic in groundwater. Copyright ?? 2009 The Author(s). Journal compilation ?? 2009 National Ground Water Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2009.00637.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Root, T.L., Gotkowitz, M., Bahr, J., and Attig, J., 2010, Arsenic Geochemistry and Hydrostratigraphy in Midwestern U.S. Glacial Deposits: Ground Water, v. 48, no. 6, p. 903-912, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2009.00637.x.","startPage":"903","endPage":"912","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218106,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2009.00637.x"},{"id":246088,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed86e4b0c8380cd49868","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Root, Terry L.","contributorId":9506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Root","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gotkowitz, M.B.","contributorId":37537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gotkowitz","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bahr, J.M.","contributorId":62346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bahr","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Attig, J.W.","contributorId":26410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Attig","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037264,"text":"70037264 - 2010 - Spotlight 6: Davidson seamount","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-19T09:45:00","indexId":"70037264","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2929,"text":"Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spotlight 6: Davidson seamount","docAbstract":"<p><span>Davidson Seamount is located about 80 km off the central California coast in the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary. It is one of the better-explored seamounts in the world, having been sampled and observed during 32 dives by the remotely operated vehicle (ROV)&nbsp;</span><i>Tiburon</i><span>. These dives mapped the bottom substrate and biological communities, and collected over 280 rock samples and nearly as many benthic animals.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oceanography Society","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2010.78","issn":"10428275","usgsCitation":"Clague, D.A., Lundsten, L., Hein, J.R., Paduan, J.B., and Davis, A., 2010, Spotlight 6: Davidson seamount: Oceanography, v. 23, no. 1, p. 126-127, https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2010.78.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"126","endPage":"127","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475890,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2010.78","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245380,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b960be4b08c986b31b277","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clague, David A.","contributorId":77105,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clague","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lundsten, L.","contributorId":52815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lundsten","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hein, James R. 0000-0002-5321-899X jhein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-899X","contributorId":140835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hein","given":"James","email":"jhein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paduan, Jennifer B.","contributorId":167472,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paduan","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":24714,"text":"Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institite","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":460153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Davis, Alice","contributorId":44935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Alice","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036542,"text":"70036542 - 2010 - Predicting potentially toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia blooms in the Chesapeake Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:01","indexId":"70036542","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2381,"text":"Journal of Marine Systems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting potentially toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia blooms in the Chesapeake Bay","docAbstract":"Harmful algal blooms are now recognized as a significant threat to the Chesapeake Bay as they can severely compromise the economic viability of important recreational and commercial fisheries in the largest estuary of the United States. This study describes the development of empirical models for the potentially domoic acid-producing Pseudo-nitzschia species complex present in the Bay, developed from a 22-year time series of cell abundance and concurrent measurements of hydrographic and chemical properties. Using a logistic Generalized Linear Model (GLM) approach, model parameters and performance were compared over a range of Pseudo-nitzschia bloom thresholds relevant to toxin production by different species. Small-threshold blooms (???10cellsmL-1) are explained by time of year, location, and variability in surface values of phosphate, temperature, nitrate plus nitrite, and freshwater discharge. Medium- (100cellsmL-1) to large- threshold (1000cellsmL-1) blooms are further explained by salinity, silicic acid, dissolved organic carbon, and light attenuation (Secchi) depth. These predictors are similar to other models for Pseudo-nitzschia blooms on the west coast, suggesting commonalities across ecosystems. Hindcasts of bloom probabilities at a 19% bloom prediction point yield a Heidke Skill Score of -53%, a Probability of Detection ~75%, a False Alarm Ratio of ~52%, and a Probability of False Detection ~9%. The implication of possible future changes in Baywide nutrient stoichiometry on Pseudo-nitzschia blooms is discussed. ?? 2010 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Marine Systems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2010.04.003","issn":"09247963","usgsCitation":"Anderson, C., Sapiano, M., Prasad, M., Long, W., Tango, P., Brown, C., and Murtugudde, R., 2010, Predicting potentially toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia blooms in the Chesapeake Bay: Journal of Marine Systems, v. 83, no. 3-4, p. 127-140, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2010.04.003.","startPage":"127","endPage":"140","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217554,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2010.04.003"},{"id":245507,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a81c4e4b0c8380cd7b6f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, C.R.","contributorId":37181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"C.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sapiano, M.R.P.","contributorId":60055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sapiano","given":"M.R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prasad, M.B.K.","contributorId":50379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prasad","given":"M.B.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Long, W.","contributorId":59963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tango, P.J.","contributorId":46338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tango","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brown, C.W.","contributorId":35675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Murtugudde, R.","contributorId":95308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murtugudde","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70037588,"text":"70037588 - 2010 - Stratigraphic response across a structurally dynamic shelf: The latest guadalupian composite sequence at Walnut Canyon, New Mexico, U.S.A","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:59","indexId":"70037588","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2451,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","onlineIssn":"1938-3681","printIssn":"1527-1404","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphic response across a structurally dynamic shelf: The latest guadalupian composite sequence at Walnut Canyon, New Mexico, U.S.A","docAbstract":"The uppermost Yates and Tansill formations (Late Permian), as exposed along Walnut Canyon in Carlsbad Caverns National Park, New Mexico, USA, provide a unique opportunity to document the depositional architecture of a progradational, oversteepened, and mechanically failure-prone carbonate platform. Detailed facies mapping permitted critical assessment of depositional processes operating along this structurally dynamic platform margin. At the shelf crest, thick (12 m), vertically stacked fenestral-pisolite-tepee complexes indicate a stable shoreline. Early lithification of sediments and extensive cementation fostered rapid vertical accretion and allowed the shelf crest to easily adjust to base-level oscillations by stepping landward, stepping seaward, or aggrading. This production imbalance-in combination with syndepositional brittle failure and down-to-the-basin tilting(< 5??)-generated 22 m of depositional relief as measured from nearly horizontal (< 2??) shelf-crest toplap to an outer-shelf downlap surface (< 1??). Mechanical failure of Capitan-equivalent back-reef strata is constrained by stratigraphic architecture, fracture properties, and a highly refined fusulinid biostratigraphic framework. Where fractures tip out, down-to-the-basin rotation is often observed with concurrent seaward thickening of overlying beds, indicating that such fractures functioned as a syndepositional hinge. A facies disjunction and horizontally juxtaposed fusulinid zonation were documented across an 80?? seaward-dipping dilational fracture filled with polymict breccia. An overlying damage zone consisting of spar-cemented fractures nested within silt-filled fractures illustrates periodic reactivation. Field relationships indicate that the dilational fracture approximates a paleoescarpment that resulted from catastrophic failure of the Capitan platform margin. Younger strata onlapped the paleoescarpment and gradually filled the reentrant. This mechanically compromised paleoescarpment was subsequently reactivated during the latest Guadalupian lowstand and was subaerially filled by siliciclastics and polymict breccia derived from the platform top. Results from Walnut Canyon indicate that shelf crest aggradation dominantly controlled the shelf-crest to outer-shelf profile, although this was temporarily modified by brittle failure and down-to-the-basin tilting, and mass wasting. Copyright ?? 2010, SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2110/jsr.2010.073","issn":"15271404","usgsCitation":"Rush, J., and Kerans, C., 2010, Stratigraphic response across a structurally dynamic shelf: The latest guadalupian composite sequence at Walnut Canyon, New Mexico, U.S.A: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 80, no. 9-10, p. 808-828, https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2010.073.","startPage":"808","endPage":"828","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217936,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2010.073"},{"id":245909,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"9-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9928e4b08c986b31c29a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rush, J.","contributorId":62059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rush","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kerans, C.","contributorId":38824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kerans","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037615,"text":"70037615 - 2010 - Response of Colorado river runoff to dust radiative forcing in snow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:04","indexId":"70037615","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of Colorado river runoff to dust radiative forcing in snow","docAbstract":"The waters of the Colorado River serve 27 million people in seven states and two countries but are overallocated by more than 10% of the river's historical mean. Climate models project runoff losses of 7-20% from the basin in this century due to human-induced climate change. Recent work has shown however that by the late 1800s, decades prior to allocation of the river's runoff in the 1920s, a fivefold increase in dust loading from anthropogenically disturbed soils in the southwest United States was already decreasing snow albedo and shortening the duration of snow cover by several weeks. The degree to which this increase in radiative forcing by dust in snow has affected timing and magnitude of runoff from the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB) is unknown. Hereweuse the Variable Infiltration Capacity model with postdisturbance and predisturbance impacts of dust on albedo to estimate the impact on runoff from the UCRB across 1916-2003. We find that peak runoff at Lees Ferry, Arizona has occurred on average 3 wk earlier under heavier dust loading and that increases in evapotranspiration from earlier exposure of vegetation and soils decreases annual runoff by more than 1.0 billion cubic meters or ???5% of the annual average. The potential to reduce dust loading through surface stabilization in the deserts and restore more persistent snow cover, slow runoff, and increase water resources in the UCRB may represent an important mitigation opportunity to reduce system management tensions and regional impacts of climate change.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1073/pnas.0913139107","issn":"00278424","usgsCitation":"Painter, T.H., Deems, J., Belnap, J., Hamlet, A., Landry, C.C., and Udall, B., 2010, Response of Colorado river runoff to dust radiative forcing in snow: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 107, no. 40, p. 17125-17130, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0913139107.","startPage":"17125","endPage":"17130","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":499902,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2951423","text":"External Repository"},{"id":218116,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0913139107"},{"id":246098,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"107","issue":"40","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaa15e4b0c8380cd8612b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Painter, T. H.","contributorId":98070,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Painter","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Deems, J.S.","contributorId":40835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deems","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belnap, J. 0000-0001-7471-2279","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":23872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hamlet, A.F.","contributorId":81723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamlet","given":"A.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Landry, C. C.","contributorId":108352,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Landry","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Udall, B.","contributorId":32766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Udall","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70035361,"text":"70035361 - 2010 - Stress and fish reproduction: The roles of allostasis and hormesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:56","indexId":"70035361","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1738,"text":"General and Comparative Endocrinology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stress and fish reproduction: The roles of allostasis and hormesis","docAbstract":"This paper is a review of the effects of stress on reproduction in fishes. I hope to further the development of the concepts of allostasis and hormesis as relevant to understanding reproduction in general and in fish in particular. The main contentions I derive in this review are the following: Stressors affect fish reproduction in a variety of ways depending on the nature and severity of the stressor. The effects are transduced through a hormonal cascade initiated by perception of the stressor and involving the hypothalamus-pituitary-interrenal axis, the catecholamines, and also cytokines. Mounting a stress response and resisting a stressor is an energetically costly process, including costs associated with allostasis, attempting to reset homeostatic norms. Responses in emergency situations (e.g., being chased by a predator or a net) can be different from those where fish can cope (e.g., being in a more crowded environment) with a stressor, but both situations involve energy re-budgeting. Emergency responses happen in concert with the onset of energy limitations (e.g., the fish may not eat), while coping with allostatic overload can happen in a more energy-rich environment (e.g., the fish can continue to eat). Low levels of stress may have a positive effect on reproductive processes while greater stress has negative effects on fish reproduction. The concept of hormesis is a useful way to think about the effect of stressors on fish reproduction since responses can be nonmonotonal, often biphasic.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"General and Comparative Endocrinology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.07.004","issn":"00166480","usgsCitation":"Schreck, C., 2010, Stress and fish reproduction: The roles of allostasis and hormesis: General and Comparative Endocrinology, v. 165, no. 3, p. 549-556, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.07.004.","startPage":"549","endPage":"556","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215130,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.07.004"},{"id":242908,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"165","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9b4ee4b08c986b31cdc1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schreck, C.B.","contributorId":11977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreck","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70036343,"text":"70036343 - 2010 - Intrinsic controls on the range of volumes, morphologies, and dimensions of submarine lobes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:04","indexId":"70036343","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intrinsic controls on the range of volumes, morphologies, and dimensions of submarine lobes","docAbstract":"Submarine lobe dimensions from six different systems are compared: 1) the exhumed Permian Fan 3 lobe complex of the Tanqua Karoo, South Africa; 2) the modern Amazon fan channel-mouth lobe complex, offshore Brazil; 3) a portion of the modern distal Za??re fan, offshore Angola/Congo; 4) a Pleistocene fan of the Kutai basin, subsurface offshore Indonesia; 5) the modern Golo system, offshore east Corsica, France; and 6) a shallow subsurface lobe complex , offshore Nigeria. These six systems have significantly different source-to-sink configurations (shelf dimension and slope topography), sediment supply characteristics (available grain size range and supply rate), tectonic settings, (palaeo) latitude, and delivery systems. Despite these differences, lobe deposits share similar geometric and dimensional characteristics. Lobes are grouped into two distinct populations of geometries that can be related to basin floor topography. The first population corresponds to areally extensive but thin lobes (average width 14km??length 35km??thickness 12m) that were deposited onto low relief basin floor areas. Examples of such systems include the Tanqua Karoo, the Amazon, and the Za??re systems. The second population corresponds to areally smaller but thicker lobes (average width 5km??length 8km??thickness 30m) that were deposited into settings with higher amplitude of relief, like in the Corsican trough, the Kutai basin, and offshore Nigeria. The two populations of lobe types, however, share similar volumes (a narrow range around 1 or 2km3), which suggests that there is a control to the total volume of sediment that individual lobes can reach before they shift to a new locus of deposition. This indicates that the extrinsic processes control the number of lobes deposited per unit time rather than their dimensions. Two alternative hypotheses are presented to explain the similarities in lobe volumes calculated from the six very different systems. The first states that the wide range of starting flow volume and grain size across all systems enters the basin floor as a narrow range due to slope 'filtering' via more overspill and intra-channel deposition in larger systems. The second hypothesis is a result of the gradual decrease in downstream gradient from the distributive channel base to the lobe top during lobe growth. This is not sustainable as the channel will start to aggrade, and when a steeper lateral gradient is present, an avulsion will occur to an adjacent depositional low, which will be used for flows to fill and build a new lobe. This analysis of submarine lobe volumes indicates that the basin floor topography influences lobe geometry, but the fact that lobe volumes have a narrow range indicates a strong influence of intrinsic processes. ?? 2010 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sedimentary Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.sedgeo.2010.09.010","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Prelat, A., Covault, J., Hodgson, D., Fildani, A., and Flint, S., 2010, Intrinsic controls on the range of volumes, morphologies, and dimensions of submarine lobes: Sedimentary Geology, v. 232, no. 1-2, p. 66-76, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2010.09.010.","startPage":"66","endPage":"76","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218171,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2010.09.010"},{"id":246156,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"232","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3dcee4b0c8380cd63874","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prelat, A.","contributorId":69401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prelat","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Covault, J.A.","contributorId":84974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Covault","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hodgson, D.M.","contributorId":43605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodgson","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fildani, A.","contributorId":34699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fildani","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Flint, S.S.","contributorId":67762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"S.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70037224,"text":"70037224 - 2010 - Assessment of basin-scale hydrologic impacts of CO2 sequestration, Illinois basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037224","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2049,"text":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of basin-scale hydrologic impacts of CO2 sequestration, Illinois basin","docAbstract":"Idealized, basin-scale sharp-interface models of CO2 injection were constructed for the Illinois basin. Porosity and permeability were decreased with depth within the Mount Simon Formation. Eau Claire confining unit porosity and permeability were kept fixed. We used 726 injection wells located near 42 power plants to deliver 80 million metric tons of CO2/year. After 100 years of continuous injection, deviatoric fluid pressures varied between 5.6 and 18 MPa across central and southern part of the Illinois basin. Maximum deviatoric pressure reached about 50% of lithostatic levels to the south. The pressure disturbance (&gt;0.03 MPa) propagated 10-25 km away from the injection wells resulting in significant well-well pressure interference. These findings are consistent with single-phase analytical solutions of injection. The radial footprint of the CO2 plume at each well was only 0.5-2 km after 100 years of injection. Net lateral brine displacement was insignificant due to increasing radial distance from injection well and leakage across the Eau Claire confining unit. On geologic time scales CO2 would migrate northward at a rate of about 6 m/1000 years. Because of paleo-seismic events in this region (M5.5-M7.5), care should be taken to avoid high pore pressures in the southern Illinois basin. ?? 2010 Elsevier Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2010.04.004","issn":"17505836","usgsCitation":"Person, M., Banerjee, A., Rupp, J., Medina, C., Lichtner, P., Gable, C., Pawar, R., Celia, M., McIntosh, J., and Bense, V., 2010, Assessment of basin-scale hydrologic impacts of CO2 sequestration, Illinois basin: International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, v. 4, no. 5, p. 840-854, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2010.04.004.","startPage":"840","endPage":"854","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245251,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217314,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2010.04.004"}],"volume":"4","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee21e4b0c8380cd49bab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Person, M.","contributorId":20876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Person","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Banerjee, A.","contributorId":26411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banerjee","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rupp, J.","contributorId":78128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rupp","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Medina, C.","contributorId":85440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medina","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lichtner, P.","contributorId":27719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lichtner","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gable, C.","contributorId":90572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gable","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pawar, R.","contributorId":108346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pawar","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Celia, M.","contributorId":69394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Celia","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"McIntosh, J.","contributorId":58872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntosh","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Bense, V.","contributorId":70624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bense","given":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70037612,"text":"70037612 - 2010 - Reptile and amphibian responses to large-scale wildfires in southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:07","indexId":"70037612","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2334,"text":"Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reptile and amphibian responses to large-scale wildfires in southern California","docAbstract":"In 2003, southern California experienced several large fires that burned thousands of hectares of wildlife habitats and conserved lands. To investigate the effects of these fires on the reptile and amphibian communities, we compared the results from prefire herpetofauna and vegetation sampling to two years of postfire sampling across 38 burned and 17 unburned plots. The sampling plots were spread over four vegetation types and four open space areas within San Diego County. Our capture results indicated that burned chaparral and coastal sage scrub plots lost herpetofaunal species diversity after the fires and displayed a significant shift in overall community structure. Shrub and tree cover at the burned plots, averaged across the second and third postfire years, had decreased by 53 in chaparral and 75 in coastal sage scrub. Additionally, postfire herpetofauna community structure at burned plots was more similar to that found in unburned grasslands. In grassland and woodland/riparian vegetation plots, where shrub and tree cover was not significantly affected by fires, we found no differences in the herpetofaunal species diversity or community composition. At the individual species level, Sceloporus occidentalis was the most abundant reptile in these areas both before and after the fires. We saw increases in the net capture rates for several lizard species, including Aspidoscelis tigris, Phrynosoma coronatum, and Uta stansburiana in burned chaparral plots and Aspidoscelis hyperythra and U. stansburiana in burned coastal sage scrub plots. The toad, Bufo boreas, was detected at significantly fewer burned plots in chaparral after the fires. Additionally, we documented decreases in the number of plots occupied by lizards (Elgaria multicarinata), salamanders (Batrachoseps major), and snakes (Coluber constrictor, Lampropeltis getula, Pituophis catenifer, and Masticophis lateralis) in coastal sage scrub and chaparral after the fires. We discuss the individual species results as they relate to such life-history traits as the susceptibility to initial mortality, the response to the altered postfire habitat, and shifts in the availability of potential prey. We foresee that a continued unnatural fire regime will result in a simplification of the southern California reptile and amphibian communities. ?? 2010 Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Herpetology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1670/08-143.1","issn":"00221511","usgsCitation":"Rochester, C., Brehme, C., Clark, D., Stokes, D., Hathaway, S., and Fisher, R., 2010, Reptile and amphibian responses to large-scale wildfires in southern California: Journal of Herpetology, v. 44, no. 3, p. 333-351, https://doi.org/10.1670/08-143.1.","startPage":"333","endPage":"351","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218101,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1670/08-143.1"},{"id":246083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa8fae4b0c8380cd85b6a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rochester, C.J.","contributorId":93851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rochester","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brehme, C.S.","contributorId":101210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brehme","given":"C.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clark, D.R.","contributorId":66654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stokes, D.C.","contributorId":73945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stokes","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hathaway, S.A.","contributorId":56990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hathaway","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":51675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70037570,"text":"70037570 - 2010 - Predictions of turbidity due to enhanced sediment resuspension resulting from sea-level rise on a fringing Coral Reef: Evidence from Molokai, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:06","indexId":"70037570","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predictions of turbidity due to enhanced sediment resuspension resulting from sea-level rise on a fringing Coral Reef: Evidence from Molokai, Hawaii","docAbstract":"Accelerating sea-level rise associated with global climate change will affect sedimentary processes on coral reefs and other shoreline environments by increasing energy and sediment resuspension. On reefs, sedimentation is known to increase coral stress and bleaching as particles that settle on coral surfaces interfere with photosynthesis and feeding, and turbidity induced by suspended sediment reduces incident light levels. Using relationships developed from observations of wave orbital velocity, water-surface elevation, and suspended-sediment concentration on a fringing reef flat of Molokai, Hawaii, predictions of the average daily maximum in suspended-sediment concentration increase from ~11 mg/l to ~20 mg/l with 20 cm sea-level rise. The duration of time concentrations exceeds 10 mg/l increases from 9 to 37. An evaluation of the reduction of wave energy flux through breaking and frictional dissipation across the reef flat shows an increase of ~80 relative to the present will potentially reach the shoreline as sea level increases by 20 cm. Where the shoreline exists on low, flat terrain, the increased energy could cause significant erosion of the shoreline. Considering the sediment budget, the sediment flux is predicted to increase and removal of fine-grained sediment may be expedited on some fringing reefs, and sediment in storage on the inner reef could ultimately be reduced. However, increased shoreline erosion may add sediment and offset removal from the reef flat. The shifts in sediment availability and transport that will occur as result of a modest increase in sea level have wide application to fringing coral reefs elsewhere, as well as other shoreline environments. ?? 2010 the Coastal Education & Research Foundation (CERF).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-09-00064.1","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Ogston, A., and Field, M., 2010, Predictions of turbidity due to enhanced sediment resuspension resulting from sea-level rise on a fringing Coral Reef: Evidence from Molokai, Hawaii: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 26, no. 6, p. 1027-1037, https://doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-09-00064.1.","startPage":"1027","endPage":"1037","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246009,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218032,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-09-00064.1"}],"volume":"26","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a81fce4b0c8380cd7b836","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ogston, A.S.","contributorId":86920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ogston","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Field, M.E.","contributorId":27052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"M.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70044490,"text":"70044490 - 2010 - Modern climate challenges and the geological record","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-12T10:26:07","indexId":"70044490","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":741,"text":"American Paleontologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modern climate challenges and the geological record","docAbstract":"Today's changing climate poses challenges about the influence of human activity, such as greenhouse gas emissions and land use changes, the natural variability of Earth's climate, and complex feedback processes. Ice core and instrumental records show that over the last century, atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) concentrations have risen to 390 parts per million volume (ppmv), about 40% above pre-Industrial Age concentrations of 280 ppmv and nearly twice those of the last glacial maximum about 22,000 years ago. Similar historical increases are recorded in atmospheric methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) and nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O). There is general agreement that human activity is largely responsible for these trends. Substantial evidence also suggests that elevated greenhouse gas concentrations are responsible for much of the recent atmospheric and oceanic warming, rising sea level, declining Arctic sea-ice cover, retreating glaciers and small ice caps, decreased mass balance of the Greenland and parts of the Antarctic ice sheets, and decreasing ocean pH (ocean \"acidification\"). Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations raise concern not only from observations of the climate system, but because feedbacks associated with reduced reflectivity from in land and sea ice, sea level, and land vegetation relatively slowly (centuries or longer) to elevated 2 levels. This means that additional human-induced climate change is expected even if the rate of CO<sub>2</sub> emissions is reduced or concentrations immediately stabilized.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Paleontologist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Paleontological Research Institution","publisherLocation":"Ithaca, NY","usgsCitation":"Cronin, T.M., 2010, Modern climate challenges and the geological record: American Paleontologist, v. 18, no. 1, p. 10-12.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"10","endPage":"12","numberOfPages":"3","ipdsId":"IP-018652","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269127,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51404e83e4b089809dbf4498","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cronin, Thomas M. 0000-0002-2643-0979 tcronin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":2579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"Thomas","email":"tcronin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70034667,"text":"70034667 - 2010 - The response of stream fish to local and reach-scale variation in the occurrence of a benthic aquatic macrophyte","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:41","indexId":"70034667","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The response of stream fish to local and reach-scale variation in the occurrence of a benthic aquatic macrophyte","docAbstract":"The aquatic macrophyte Podostemum ceratophyllum has been shown to increase stream productivity, abundance and biomass of benthic invertebrates, and local occurrences of some stream fishes. However, experimental evidence that fishes preferentially associate with Podostemum is lacking, and the value of Podostemum as a predictor of stream fish assemblage composition has not been studied. We conducted two short-term (2 week), small-scale (36 m<sup>2</sup>) experimental manipulations of Podostemum cover in the Conasauga River (Georgia and Tennessee, U.S.), and found higher abundances of benthic insectivorous fishes in patches with augmented (&gt;80%) compared to reduced (7%) Podostemum cover. In an observational study, we quantified associations among percent cover of Podostemum, fish species richness, land cover, shoal length and base-flow turbidity at 20 randomly selected shoals from a 39-km reach that spanned a gradient of decreasing forest land cover.Richness of all fish species and of lotic fishes peaked in the centre of the study reach, and richness was weakly correlated with predictor variables. Occupancy models for individual species also indicated that longitudinal position was a strong covariate for 13 of 19 species examined, with little support that Podostemum cover influenced occupancy. Local associations may reflect choices by benthic fishes to utilise Podostemum, whereas downstream decline in fish species richness and Podostemum cover may reflect altered capacity of the system to support native species. Published 2009. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Freshwater Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2427.2009.02301.x","issn":"00465070","usgsCitation":"Argentina, J., Freeman, M.C., and Freeman, B.J., 2010, The response of stream fish to local and reach-scale variation in the occurrence of a benthic aquatic macrophyte: Freshwater Biology, v. 55, no. 3, p. 643-653, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2009.02301.x.","startPage":"643","endPage":"653","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215724,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2009.02301.x"},{"id":243546,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-02-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf39e4b08c986b324646","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Argentina, J.E.","contributorId":32371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Argentina","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Freeman, Mary C. 0000-0001-7615-6923","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-6923","contributorId":99659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":446945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Freeman, B. J.","contributorId":8031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034496,"text":"70034496 - 2010 - First Results of the Regional Earthquake Likelihood Models Experiment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:40","indexId":"70034496","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3208,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"First Results of the Regional Earthquake Likelihood Models Experiment","docAbstract":"The ability to successfully predict the future behavior of a system is a strong indication that the system is well understood. Certainly many details of the earthquake system remain obscure, but several hypotheses related to earthquake occurrence and seismic hazard have been proffered, and predicting earthquake behavior is a worthy goal and demanded by society. Along these lines, one of the primary objectives of the Regional Earthquake Likelihood Models (RELM) working group was to formalize earthquake occurrence hypotheses in the form of prospective earthquake rate forecasts in California. RELM members, working in small research groups, developed more than a dozen 5-year forecasts; they also outlined a performance evaluation method and provided a conceptual description of a Testing Center in which to perform predictability experiments. Subsequently, researchers working within the Collaboratory for the Study of Earthquake Predictability (CSEP) have begun implementing Testing Centers in different locations worldwide, and the RELM predictability experiment-a truly prospective earthquake prediction effort-is underway within the U. S. branch of CSEP. The experiment, designed to compare time-invariant 5-year earthquake rate forecasts, is now approximately halfway to its completion. In this paper, we describe the models under evaluation and present, for the first time, preliminary results of this unique experiment. While these results are preliminary-the forecasts were meant for an application of 5 years-we find interesting results: most of the models are consistent with the observation and one model forecasts the distribution of earthquakes best. We discuss the observed sample of target earthquakes in the context of historical seismicity within the testing region, highlight potential pitfalls of the current tests, and suggest plans for future revisions to experiments such as this one. ?? 2010 The Author(s).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00024-010-0081-5","issn":"00334553","usgsCitation":"Schorlemmer, D., Zechar, J., Werner, M., Field, E.H., Jackson, D., and Jordan, T., 2010, First Results of the Regional Earthquake Likelihood Models Experiment: Pure and Applied Geophysics, v. 167, no. 8-9, p. 859-876, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-010-0081-5.","startPage":"859","endPage":"876","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487850,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-010-0081-5","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243436,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215620,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-010-0081-5"}],"volume":"167","issue":"8-9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-05-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a104fe4b0c8380cd53bff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schorlemmer, D.","contributorId":30468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schorlemmer","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zechar, J.D.","contributorId":73432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zechar","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Werner, M.J.","contributorId":31224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Werner","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Field, E. H.","contributorId":86915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jackson, D.D.","contributorId":41011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jordan, T.H.","contributorId":83320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"T.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70034144,"text":"70034144 - 2010 - Influence of organic matter on the transport of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in a ferric oxyhydroxide-coated quartz sand saturated porous medium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T13:09:06","indexId":"70034144","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3716,"text":"Water Research","onlineIssn":"1879-2448","printIssn":"0043-1354","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of organic matter on the transport of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in a ferric oxyhydroxide-coated quartz sand saturated porous medium","docAbstract":"<p>To assess the effect of organic matter on the transport of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in a geochemically heterogeneous saturated porous medium, we measured the breakthrough and collision efficiencies of oocysts as a function of dissolved organic matter concentration in a flow-through column containing ferric oxyhydroxide-coated sand. We characterized the surface properties of the oocysts and ferric oxyhydroxide-coated sand using microelectrophoresis and streaming potential, respectively, and the amount of organic matter adsorbed on the ferric oxyhydroxide-coated sand as a function of the concentration of dissolved organic matter (a fulvic acid isolated from Florida Everglades water). The dissolved organic matter had no significant effect on the zeta potential of the oocysts. Low concentrations of dissolved organic matter were responsible for reversing the charge of the ferric oxyhydroxide-coated sand surface from positive to negative. The charge reversal and accumulation of negative charge on the ferric oxyhydroxide-coated sand led to increases in oocyst breakthrough and decreases in oocyst collision efficiency with increasing dissolved organic matter concentration. The increase in dissolved organic matter concentration from 0 to 20 mg L<sup>-1</sup> resulted in a two-fold decrease in the collision efficiency.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Ltd.","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2009.09.039","issn":"00431354","usgsCitation":"Abudalo, R., Ryan, J.N., Harvey, R.W., Metge, D.W., and Landkamer, L.L., 2010, Influence of organic matter on the transport of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in a ferric oxyhydroxide-coated quartz sand saturated porous medium: Water Research, v. 44, no. 4, p. 1104-1113, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.09.039.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1104","endPage":"1113","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244514,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216633,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.09.039"}],"volume":"44","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b62e4b0c8380cd624a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Abudalo, R.A.","contributorId":64445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abudalo","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ryan, J. N.","contributorId":102649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harvey, Ronald W. 0000-0002-2791-8503 rwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Ronald","email":"rwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":444309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Metge, David W. dwmetge@usgs.gov","contributorId":663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metge","given":"David","email":"dwmetge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":444310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Landkamer, Lee L.","contributorId":65679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landkamer","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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