{"pageNumber":"1946","pageRowStart":"48625","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68923,"records":[{"id":70015227,"text":"70015227 - 1987 - The geochemistry of water near a surficial organic-rich uranium deposit, northeastern Washington State, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-21T08:29:44","indexId":"70015227","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The geochemistry of water near a surficial organic-rich uranium deposit, northeastern Washington State, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"The chemistry of three stream, three spring and six near-surface waters in the vicinity of a Holocene organic-rich uranium deposit is described, with particular emphasis on the chemistry of U. Results characterize the solution behavior of uranium as U-bearing water interacts with relatively undecomposed, surficial organic matter. Of the measured major and trace chemical species, only U is consistently highly enriched (17-318 ppb) relative to reported values for regional waters, or to literature values for waters in largely granitic terrains. R-mode factor analysis of the chemical data suggests that most U is present in a soluble form, but that some U is also associated with fine suspended particulates of clay, organic matter, or hydrous oxides. Calculations that apply thermodynamic data to predict U speciation in solution indicate the relative importance of uranyl carbonate and uranyl phosphate complexes. Analysis of more finely filtered samples (0.05 ??m vs. 0.45 ??m), and direct radiographic observations using fission-track detectors suspended in the waters indicate the presence of some uraniferous particulate matter. Application of existing thermodynamic data for uranous- and uranyl-bearing minerals indicates that all waters are undersaturated with U minerals as long as ambient Eh ??? +0.1 v. If coexisting surface and near-surface waters are sufficiently oxidizing, initial fixation of U in the deposit should be by a mechanism of adsorption. Alternatively, more reducing conditions may prevail in deeper pore waters of the organic-rich host sediments, perhaps leading to direct precipitation or diagenetic formation of U4+ minerals. A  234U 238U alpha activity ratio of 1.08 ?? 0.02 in a spring issuing from a hillslope above the deposit suggests a relatively soluble source of U. In contrast, higher activity ratios of  234U 238U (??? 1.3) in waters in contact with the uraniferous valley-fill sediments suggest differences in the nature of interaction between groundwater and the local, U-rich source rocks. ?? 1987.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(87)90091-X","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Zielinski, R.A., Otton, J.K., Wanty, R., and Pierson, C.T., 1987, The geochemistry of water near a surficial organic-rich uranium deposit, northeastern Washington State, U.S.A.: Chemical Geology, v. 62, no. 3-4, p. 263-289, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(87)90091-X.","startPage":"263","endPage":"289","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266099,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(87)90091-X"},{"id":224080,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bac50e4b08c986b3233fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zielinski, R. A. 0000-0002-4047-5129","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4047-5129","contributorId":106930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zielinski","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":370378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Otton, J. K.","contributorId":52589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otton","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wanty, R. B. 0000-0002-2063-6423","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-6423","contributorId":66704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanty","given":"R. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pierson, C. T.","contributorId":57055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70015223,"text":"70015223 - 1987 - Lake-level variation in the Lahontan basin for the past 50,000 years","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-26T07:17:36","indexId":"70015223","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lake-level variation in the Lahontan basin for the past 50,000 years","docAbstract":"Selected radiocarbon data on surficial materials from the Lahontan basin, Nevada and California, provide a chronology of lake-level variation for the past 50,000 yr. A moderate-sized lake connected three western Lahontan subbasins (the Smoke Creek-Black Rock Desert subbasin, the Pyramid Lake subbasin, and the Winnemucca Dry Lake subbasin) from about 45,000 to 16,500 yr B.P. Between 50,000 and 45,000 yr B.P., Walker Lake rose to its sill level in Adrian Valley and spilled to the Carson Desert subbasin. By 20,000 yr B.P., lake level in the western Lahontan subbasins had risen to about 1265 m above sea level, where it remained for 3500 yr. By 16,000 yr B.P., lake level in the western Lahontan subbasins had fallen to 1240 m. This recession appears synchronous with a desiccation of Walker Lake; however, whether the Walker Lake desiccation resulted from climate change or from diversion of the Walker River is not known. From about 15,000 to 13,500 yr B.P., lake level rapidly rose, so that Lake Lahontan was a single body of water by 14,000 yr B.P. The lake appears to have reached a maximum highstand altitude of 1330 m by 13,500 yr B.P., a condition that persisted until about 12,500 yr B.P., at which time lake level fell ???100 m. No data exist that indicate the level of lakes in the various subbasins between 12,000 and 10,000 yr B.P. During the Holocene, the Lahontan basin was the site of shallow lakes, with many subbasins being the site of one or more periods of desiccation. The shape of the lake-level curve for the three western subbasins indicates that past changes in the hydrologic balance (and hence climate) of the Lahontan basin were large in magnitude and took place in a rapid step-like manner. The rapid changes in lake level are hypothesized to have resulted from changes in the mean position of the jet stream, as it was forced north or south by the changing size and shape of the continental ice sheet. ?? 1987.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/0033-5894(87)90034-2","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Benson, L.V., and Thompson, R., 1987, Lake-level variation in the Lahontan basin for the past 50,000 years: Quaternary Research, v. 28, no. 1, p. 69-85, https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(87)90034-2.","startPage":"69","endPage":"85","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266532,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(87)90034-2"},{"id":223974,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4173e4b0c8380cd65537","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, L. V.","contributorId":50159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, R.S.","contributorId":106516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015217,"text":"70015217 - 1987 - The chemical, physical and structural properties of estuarine ice in Great Bay, New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-12T00:33:04.298157","indexId":"70015217","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The chemical, physical and structural properties of estuarine ice in Great Bay, New Hampshire","docAbstract":"<p>The purpose of this study was to provide general information on the chemical, physical and structural properties of estuarine ice and show how it compares with sea ice found at higher latitudes in order to determine whether the ice in Great Bay can be used as an analog in the study of arctic sea ice.</p><p>Ice cores and water samples were collected during the 1983–1984 winter season at Adams Point in Great Bay, New Hampshire. Concentrations of chloride, nitrogen (as nitrate and nitrite), bromide, phosphate, sulfate and silicate were determined for samples chosen on the basis of identifiable stratigraphic layers (i.e. bubble size and shape, sediment layers, etc.).</p><p>Similarities between ice formation in Great Bay and those in the arctic regions include the nature of the freezing process and the ice types produced. In addition, the distribution and concentration of chemical constituents were found to be similar to those observed in arctic sea ice. Factors affecting the chemistry of the ice in Great Bay include rainfall during the freezing season, the presence of sediment layers in the ice cores, the nature of incorporation of brine into the crystal structure of the ice and the drainage of brine.</p>","largerWorkTitle":"Elsevier","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0272-7714(87)90155-7","issn":"02727714","usgsCitation":"Meese, D., Gow, A.J., Mayewski, P., Ficklin, W., and Loder, T., 1987, The chemical, physical and structural properties of estuarine ice in Great Bay, New Hampshire: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 24, no. 6, p. 833-840, https://doi.org/10.1016/0272-7714(87)90155-7.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"833","endPage":"840","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223864,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire","otherGeospatial":"Adams Point, Great Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.87049245209931,\n              43.097134275933456\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.87024449127672,\n              43.097254349501355\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.8701620853713,\n              43.097474981170905\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.87040930308838,\n              43.0977758412572\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.87082133261794,\n              43.09795635659984\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.87343085296828,\n              43.09715406211606\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.87395275703868,\n              43.09637181487281\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.87356819614534,\n              43.096111063571726\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.87323857252203,\n              43.096211352665165\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.87235957619289,\n              43.096211352665165\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.87145311122916,\n              43.09607094788808\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.87054664626461,\n              43.09579013736814\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86966764993633,\n              43.09526862870126\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86991486765338,\n              43.095047989082104\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.87021776574683,\n              43.09486773648993\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86975079894727,\n              43.09414563550743\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.87005295393517,\n              43.094225869370234\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.87041004619391,\n              43.09418575245164\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.87060232664014,\n              43.09394505038949\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.87139891706302,\n              43.09366423012162\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.87167360341637,\n              43.09366423012162\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.87183841522803,\n              43.093022350387116\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.87249766247467,\n              43.09254093617136\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.87230538202759,\n              43.091718511465245\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.87156372887468,\n              43.09131732467449\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86958598713561,\n              43.09075565875216\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86933876941768,\n              43.09059518182801\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.8671412785961,\n              43.09009368873055\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86667431179653,\n              43.08981285080284\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.8655206291149,\n              43.0897326111579\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86477897596285,\n              43.08989309034209\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86458669551578,\n              43.09027422671892\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86406479144536,\n              43.09075565875216\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86403732280998,\n              43.09097631383591\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86502619367992,\n              43.091096670819326\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86538328593865,\n              43.09151791839838\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86524594276244,\n              43.091718511465245\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86461416415119,\n              43.09197928147037\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86403732280998,\n              43.09197928147037\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.8638725109983,\n              43.09217987302617\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86453175824495,\n              43.09238046392562\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86433947779784,\n              43.09336334983351\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86411972871619,\n              43.09400522599404\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.8646965700566,\n              43.09436627837772\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86508113095076,\n              43.09446657032865\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86565797229116,\n              43.09402528451574\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86598759591448,\n              43.09414563550743\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86639962544406,\n              43.094386336781184\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86681165497278,\n              43.0948276199924\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.8671687472315,\n              43.09524884190944\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86738849631315,\n              43.09546948080495\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.8680202749244,\n              43.09567006092976\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86834989854772,\n              43.09639214393695\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86867952217104,\n              43.09639214393695\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86892673988895,\n              43.0967130669855\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86917395760601,\n              43.09693370060535\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.86983320485268,\n              43.09703398835151\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.87005295393517,\n              43.09719444840414\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.87049245209931,\n              43.097134275933456\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baa2fe4b08c986b322753","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meese, D.A.","contributorId":84095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meese","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gow, A. J.","contributorId":45070,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gow","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mayewski, P.A.","contributorId":14891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayewski","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ficklin, W.","contributorId":11885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ficklin","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Loder, T.C.","contributorId":62817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loder","given":"T.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70015215,"text":"70015215 - 1987 - The hydrothermal system of the Calabozos caldera, central Chilean Andes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:55","indexId":"70015215","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The hydrothermal system of the Calabozos caldera, central Chilean Andes","docAbstract":"Active thermal springs associated with the late Pleistocene Calabozos caldera complex occur in two groups: the Colorado group which issues along structures related to caldera collapse and resurgence, and the Puesto Calabozos group, a nearby cluster that is chemically distinct and probably unrelated to the Colorado springs. Most of the Colorado group can be related to a hypothetical parent water containing ???400 ppm Cl at ???250??C by dilution with ???50% of cold meteoric water. The thermal springs in the most deeply eroded part of the caldera were derived from the same parent water by boiling. The hydrothermal system has probably been active for at least as long as 300,000 years, based on geologic evidence and calculations of paleo-heat flow. There is no evidence for economic mineralization at shallow depth. The Calabozos hydrothermal system would be an attractive geothermal prospect were its location not so remote. ?? 1987.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Grunder, A., Thompson, J., and Hildreth, W., 1987, The hydrothermal system of the Calabozos caldera, central Chilean Andes: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 32, no. 4, p. 287-298.","startPage":"287","endPage":"298","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223862,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bacd1e4b08c986b32376f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grunder, A.L.","contributorId":71314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grunder","given":"A.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, J. M.","contributorId":77142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"J. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hildreth, W. 0000-0002-7925-4251","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-4251","contributorId":100487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildreth","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70015196,"text":"70015196 - 1987 - DISTRIBUTED GROUND-WATER DATA BASE OF THE U. S. G. S.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:57","indexId":"70015196","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"DISTRIBUTED GROUND-WATER DATA BASE OF THE U. S. G. S.","docAbstract":"During the past 20 years, the ground-water data base of the U. S. Geological Survey has evolved from paper files in local offices, to a national data base on a central mainframe computer, to a distributed data base on a network of 49 minicomputers throughout the United States. Users in local offices have easy, inexpensive access to the distributed data base. The distributed data base has caused some problems in data management but has increased the overall quality of the data base.","conferenceTitle":"Irrigation Systems for the 21st Century, Proceedings of a Conference. Papers Presented at the 1987 Irrigation and Drainage Division Specialty Conference.","conferenceLocation":"Portland, OR, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, USA","isbn":"0872626091","usgsCitation":"Luckey, R.R., 1987, DISTRIBUTED GROUND-WATER DATA BASE OF THE U. S. G. S., Irrigation Systems for the 21st Century, Proceedings of a Conference. Papers Presented at the 1987 Irrigation and Drainage Division Specialty Conference., Portland, OR, USA, p. 263-270.","startPage":"263","endPage":"270","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223587,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd4be4b0c8380cd4e757","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luckey, Richard R.","contributorId":17980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luckey","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015195,"text":"70015195 - 1987 - Wind energy development in California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:57","indexId":"70015195","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wind energy development in California, USA","docAbstract":"Windfarms have been developed rapidly in California in the last few years. The impetus has been a legislated goal to generate 10% of California's electricity by windpower by the year 2000, and generous state and federal tax incentives. Windpower is promoted as environmentally benign, which it is in traditional uses. The California program, however, is not traditional: it calls for centralized development of a magnitude sufficient to offset significant amounts of fossil fuels now used to generate electricity. Centralized windfarm development, as exemplified by the Altamont Pass, Tehachapi Mountains, and San Gorgonio Pass developments, involves major road building projects in erosion-sensitive terrain, effective closure of public lands, and other detrimental effects. A windfarm consisting of 200 turbines with 17-m rotors located in steep terrain 16 km from an existing corridor might occupy 235 ha and physically disturb 86 ha. With average annual wind speeds of 22.5 km/h, the farm would generate about 10??106 kWh/year at present levels of capacity. This annual production would offset 1% of one day's consumption of oil in California. To supply 10% of the state's electricity (at 1984 production rates) would require about 600,000 turbines of the type in common use today and would occupy more than 685,000 ha. It is likely that indirect effects would be felt in much larger areas and would include increased air and water pollution resulting from accelerated erosion, degradation of habitat of domestic and wild animals, damage to archaeological sites, and reduction of scenic quality of now-remote areas of the state. ?? 1987 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF01867174","issn":"0364152X","usgsCitation":"Wilshire, H., and Prose, D., 1987, Wind energy development in California, USA: Environmental Management, v. 11, no. 1, p. 13-20, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01867174.","startPage":"13","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205387,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01867174"},{"id":223586,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd121e4b08c986b32f24f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilshire, H.","contributorId":101391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilshire","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prose, D.","contributorId":30369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prose","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015194,"text":"70015194 - 1987 - Origin of the lethal gas burst from Lake Monoun, Cameroun","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:00","indexId":"70015194","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origin of the lethal gas burst from Lake Monoun, Cameroun","docAbstract":"On 15 August, 1984, a lethal gas burst issued from a submerged 96-m-deep crater in Lake Monoun in Cameroun, western Africa, killing 37 people. The event was associated with a landslide from the eastern crater rim, which slumped into deep water. Waters below 50 m are anoxic, dominated by high Fe2+ (???600 mg/l) and HCO3- (??? 1900 mg/l), anoxic and supersaturated with siderite, which is a major component of the crater floor sediments. The unusually high Fe2+ levels are attributed to reduction of laterite-derived ferric iron gradually brought into the lake as loess and in river input. Sulfur compounds are below detection limits in both water and gas. Gases effervescing from depressurized deep waters are dominantly CO2 with minor CH4, having ??13C of -7.18 and -54.8 per mil, respectively. Bacterial decomposition of organic matter may account for the methane, but 14C of lake water indicates that only 10% of the carbon is modern, giving an apparent age of 18,000 years. The dominant source of carbon is therefore attributed to long-term emission of CO2 as volcanic exhalation from vents within the crater, which led to gradual build-up of HCO3- in the lake. The density stratification of the lake may have been upset by an earthquake and underwater landslide on 15 August, which triggered overturn of the lake and caused nucleation of CO2 in the deep water. The resultant ebullition of CO2 from deep lake waters led to a gas burst at the surface and locally generated a water wave up to 5 m high. People travelling through the gas cloud were asphyxiated, presumably from CO2, and suffered skin discoloration from unidentified components. ?? 1987.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Sigurdsson, H., Devine, J., Tchua, F., Presser, F., Pringle, M., and Evans, W.C., 1987, Origin of the lethal gas burst from Lake Monoun, Cameroun: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 31, no. 1-2, p. 1-16.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224409,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7104e4b0c8380cd763e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sigurdsson, Haraldur","contributorId":35079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sigurdsson","given":"Haraldur","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Devine, J.D.","contributorId":95486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Devine","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tchua, F.M.","contributorId":48828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tchua","given":"F.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Presser, F.M.","contributorId":38847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Presser","given":"F.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pringle, M.K.W.","contributorId":67220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pringle","given":"M.K.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Evans, William C.","contributorId":104903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70015193,"text":"70015193 - 1987 - Direct comparison of kinetic and local equilibrium formulations for solute transport affected by surface reactions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-18T10:30:09","indexId":"70015193","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Direct comparison of kinetic and local equilibrium formulations for solute transport affected by surface reactions","docAbstract":"Modeling transport of reacting solutes in porous media often requires a choice between models based on the local equilibrium assumption (LEA) and models involving reaction kinetics. Direct comparison of the mathematical formulations for these two types of transport models can aid in this choice. For cases of transport affected by surface reaction, such a comparison is made possible by a new derivation procedure. This procedure yields a kinetics-based formulation that is the sum of the LEA formulation and one or more kinetically influenced terms. The dimensionless form of the new kinetics-based formulation facilitates identification of critical parameter groupings which control the approach to transport behavior consistent with LEA model predictions. Results of numerical experiments demonstrate that criteria for LEA applicability can be expressed conveniently in terms of these parameter groupings. The derivation procedure is demonstrated for examples of surface reactions including first-order reversible sorption, Langmuir-type kinetics and binary, homovalent ion exchange.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR023i003p00438","usgsCitation":"Bahr, J.M., and Rubin, J., 1987, Direct comparison of kinetic and local equilibrium formulations for solute transport affected by surface reactions: Water Resources Research, v. 23, no. 3, p. 438-452, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR023i003p00438.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"438","endPage":"452","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224408,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd4ae4b0c8380cd4e74b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bahr, Jean M.","contributorId":69716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bahr","given":"Jean","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rubin, Jacob","contributorId":23918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"Jacob","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015184,"text":"70015184 - 1987 - Origin of coffinite in sedimentary rocks by a sequential adsorption-reduction mechanism.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-30T15:08:19.044929","indexId":"70015184","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1095,"text":"Bulletin de Mineralogie","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origin of coffinite in sedimentary rocks by a sequential adsorption-reduction mechanism.","docAbstract":"Coffinite is the dominant ore mineral in the V-U ores of the Tony-M mine in the Henry Mts mineral belt of the Colorado Plateau. This orebody was formed at a density-stratified solution interface between uranyl-ion-bearing meteoric water and a saline fluid which was locally reducing. The localization of U at this solution interface occurred by adsorption onto the surfaces of detrital minerals, this adsorption being related to the pH difference between the two fluids. Experimental evidence is presented showing that the adsorption facilitated the reduction of uranium to U(IV). This adsorbed, reduced uranium bonded with aqueous silica in the ore zone to form coffinite. The high concentration of silica (as a monomeric species) in the ore-forming solution stabilized coffinite in preference to uraninite.-R.A.H.","language":"English","publisher":"Persee","doi":"10.3406/bulmi.1987.7975","usgsCitation":"Goldhaber, M.B., Hemingway, B.S., Mohagheghi, A., Reynolds, R.L., and Northrop, H.R., 1987, Origin of coffinite in sedimentary rocks by a sequential adsorption-reduction mechanism.: Bulletin de Mineralogie, v. 110, no. 2-3, p. 131-144, https://doi.org/10.3406/bulmi.1987.7975.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"144","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224243,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"110","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a70cae4b0c8380cd7624c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldhaber, Martin B. 0000-0002-1785-4243 mgold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1785-4243","contributorId":1339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldhaber","given":"Martin","email":"mgold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":370273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hemingway, B. S.","contributorId":7268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hemingway","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mohagheghi, A.","contributorId":107861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mohagheghi","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reynolds, R. L. 0000-0002-4572-2942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-2942","contributorId":79885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"R.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":370272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Northrop, H. R.","contributorId":40735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Northrop","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70015183,"text":"70015183 - 1987 - EFFECTS OF LAND SUBSIDENCE ON FLOOD PROFILES.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:00","indexId":"70015183","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"EFFECTS OF LAND SUBSIDENCE ON FLOOD PROFILES.","docAbstract":"In this study, the effects of land subsidence on water-surface elevation and depth profiles during flood conditions were investigated for a large, hypothetical, slope-controlled stream. Subsidence depressions, with a range of vertical magnitudes and areas were imposed on a hypothetical stream reach. Step-backwater computations were made to determine water-surface and depth profiles for a large hypothetical flood. Changes in the water-surface and depth profiles were related to the assumed subsidence to determine relative effects on flood profiles. The results may be useful in understanding and evaluating flood hazards where subsidence coincides with the flood plain of a large, upland stream.","conferenceTitle":"Hydraulic Engineering, Proceedings of the 1987 National Conference.","conferenceLocation":"Williamsburg, VA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, USA","isbn":"0872626105","usgsCitation":"Landers, M.N., 1987, EFFECTS OF LAND SUBSIDENCE ON FLOOD PROFILES., Hydraulic Engineering, Proceedings of the 1987 National Conference., Williamsburg, VA, USA, p. 824-829.","startPage":"824","endPage":"829","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224242,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0459e4b0c8380cd50916","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Landers, M. N.","contributorId":63428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landers","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015167,"text":"70015167 - 1987 - Concentrations of arsenic, antimony, and boron in steam and steam condensate at The Geysers, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:53","indexId":"70015167","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Concentrations of arsenic, antimony, and boron in steam and steam condensate at The Geysers, California","docAbstract":"Studies at The Geysers Geothermal Field, California indicate that under some circumstances elements that are transported in the vapor phase can become enriched in the liquid phase. Waters from two condensate traps (steam traps) on steam lines at The Geysers are enriched with arsenic, antimony, and boron compared to the concentrations of these elements in coexisting steam. Concentrations of boron in condensate-trap waters were as high as 160 mg/L, arsenic as high as 35 mg/L, and antimony as high as 200 ??g/L. Enrichment of arsenic, antimony, and boron is at least partially controlled by the partitioning of these elements into the liquid phase, according to their vapor-liquid distribution coefficients, after they are transported in steam. Several of the elements that are most soluble in steam, including arsenic and antimony, are part of the trace-element suite that characterizes precious-metal epithermal ore deposits. ?? 1987.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Smith, C.L., Ficklin, W.H., and Thompson, J., 1987, Concentrations of arsenic, antimony, and boron in steam and steam condensate at The Geysers, California: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 32, no. 4, p. 329-341.","startPage":"329","endPage":"341","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224022,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f98fe4b0c8380cd4d68a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, C. L.","contributorId":100842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ficklin, W. H.","contributorId":89517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ficklin","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, J. M.","contributorId":77142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"J. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70015159,"text":"70015159 - 1987 - LEACHATE MIGRATION FROM A SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITY NEAR BISCAYNE NATIONAL PARK, SOUTH FLORIDA.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:55","indexId":"70015159","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"LEACHATE MIGRATION FROM A SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITY NEAR BISCAYNE NATIONAL PARK, SOUTH FLORIDA.","docAbstract":"Leachate from the Dade County Solid Waste Disposal Facility (SWDF) is migrating to the east (seaward) and to the south from the currently active disposal cell. Water levels and ground-water flow directions are strongly influenced by water-management practices. The SWDF is constructed over the salt-intruded part of the highly transmissive Biscayne aquifer and because of this, chloride ion concentrations and specific conductance levels could not be used as indicators of leachate concentrations. Leachate was detected in multi-depth wells located 75 meters to the south and 20 meters to the east of the active cell. Concentrations of water-quality indicators had mean concentrations generally 2 to 10 times higher than baseline conditions. Primary controls over leachate movement in the SWDF are water-management practices in the Black Creek and Gould Canals, configuration and integrity of the liner beneath the active cell, and low hydraulic gradients in the landfill area.","conferenceTitle":"Coastal Zone '87, Proceedings of the Fifth Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management.","conferenceLocation":"Seattle, WA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, USA","isbn":"0872626024","usgsCitation":"Waller, B.G., and Labowski, J.L., 1987, LEACHATE MIGRATION FROM A SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITY NEAR BISCAYNE NATIONAL PARK, SOUTH FLORIDA., Coastal Zone '87, Proceedings of the Fifth Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management., v. 1, Seattle, WA, USA.","startPage":"681","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223918,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a40dfe4b0c8380cd650ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waller, Bradley G.","contributorId":83492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waller","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Labowski, James L.","contributorId":87631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Labowski","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015151,"text":"70015151 - 1987 - Analyzing numerical errors in domain heat transport models using the CVBEM","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-10T16:30:43.155146","indexId":"70015151","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2406,"text":"Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analyzing numerical errors in domain heat transport models using the CVBEM","docAbstract":"<p><span>Besides providing an exact solution for steady-state heat conduction processes (Laplace-Poisson equations), the CVBEM (complex variable boundary element method) can be used for the numerical error analysis of domain model solutions. For problems where soil-water phase change latent heat effects dominate the thermal regime, heat transport can be approximately modeled as a time-stepped steady-state condition in the thawed and frozen regions, respectively. The CVBEM provides an exact solution of the two-dimensional steady-state heat transport problem, and also provides the error in matching the prescribed boundary conditions by the development of a modeling error distribution or an approximate boundary generation. Consequently, this error evaluation can be used to develop highly accurate CVBEM models of the heat transport process, and the resulting model can be used as a test case for evaluating the precision of domain models based on finite elements or finite differences.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ASME","doi":"10.1115/1.3257005","issn":"08927219","usgsCitation":"Hromadka, T., 1987, Analyzing numerical errors in domain heat transport models using the CVBEM: Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, v. 109, no. 2, p. 163-169, https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3257005.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"163","endPage":"169","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223805,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"109","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1987-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e62ee4b0c8380cd4720a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hromadka, T. V. II","contributorId":76464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hromadka","given":"T. V.","suffix":"II","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015141,"text":"70015141 - 1987 - Critical behavior of dilute NaCl in H2O","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-08T14:35:30.358632","indexId":"70015141","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1216,"text":"Chemical Physics Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Critical behavior of dilute NaCl in H<sub>2</sub>O","title":"Critical behavior of dilute NaCl in H2O","docAbstract":"<p><span>The compositions of the saturated vapor and liquid phases are measured for the system NaCl-H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O at 380°C, which is close to the critical point of pure water. The shape of the phase equilibrium curve is classical, which confirms a conclusion reached earlier on the basis of less accurate data. This implies that the long-range forces introduced by the NaCl suppress the non-classical effects present in pure H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O. An empirical equation of a classical type fits these data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2614(87)80014-3","usgsCitation":"Pitzer, K.S., Bischoff, J.L., and Rosenbauer, R.J., 1987, Critical behavior of dilute NaCl in H2O: Chemical Physics Letters, v. 134, no. 1, p. 60-63, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(87)80014-3.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"60","endPage":"63","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223697,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"134","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fcb2e4b0c8380cd4e3b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pitzer, Kenneth S.","contributorId":94435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitzer","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bischoff, James L. jbischoff@usgs.gov","contributorId":1389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"James","email":"jbischoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":370186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosenbauer, Robert J. brosenbauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenbauer","given":"Robert","email":"brosenbauer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":370187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70015134,"text":"70015134 - 1987 - Relationship between peat geochemistry and depositional environments, Cranberry Island, Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-23T12:18:22.050156","indexId":"70015134","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relationship between peat geochemistry and depositional environments, Cranberry Island, Maine","docAbstract":"<div id=\"preview-section-abstract\"><div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif text-s\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id4\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id5\"><p>The Heath, Great Cranberry Island, Maine, offers a unique locality for studying lateral and vertical relationships between radically different peat types within 1 km<sup>2</sup>. The majority of The Heath is a<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Sphagnum</i><span>&nbsp;</span>moss-dominated raised bog. Surrounding the raised bog is a swamp/marsh complex containing grass, sedge,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Sphagnum</i><span>&nbsp;</span>moss, alder, tamarack, and skunk cabbage. Swamp/ marsh-deposited peat occurs both around the margins of The Heath and under<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Sphagnum</i>-dominated peat, which was deposited within the raised bog. A third peat type, dominated by herbaceous aquatics, is present underlying the swamp/marsh-dominated peat but is not present as a dominant botanical community of The Heath. The three peat types have major differences in petrographic characteristics, ash contents, and associated minerals. Sulfur contents range from a low of 0.19 wt.% (dry) within the raised bog to a high of 4.44 wt% (dry) near the west end of The Heath, where swamp/marsh peat occurring directly behind a storm beach berm has been influenced by marine waters. The presence of major geochemical variations within a 1-km<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>peat deposit suggests the need for in-depth characterization of potential peat resources prior to use.</p></div></div></div></div><div id=\"preview-section-introduction\"><br></div><div id=\"preview-section-snippets\"><br></div><div id=\"preview-section-references\"><br></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0166-5162(87)90030-9","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Raymond, R., Cameron, C., and Cohen, A., 1987, Relationship between peat geochemistry and depositional environments, Cranberry Island, Maine: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 8, no. 1-2, p. 175-187, https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-5162(87)90030-9.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"175","endPage":"187","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223583,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a737e4b0e8fec6cdc404","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raymond, R. Jr.","contributorId":100544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raymond","given":"R.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cameron, C. C.","contributorId":94299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cameron","given":"C. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cohen, A.D.","contributorId":38717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70015127,"text":"70015127 - 1987 - INAA determination of major and trace elements in loess, paleosol and precipitation layers in a pleistocene Loess Section, China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:59","indexId":"70015127","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2440,"text":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Articles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"INAA determination of major and trace elements in loess, paleosol and precipitation layers in a pleistocene Loess Section, China","docAbstract":"Instrumental neutron activation analysis was used for the determination of 31 major and trace elements in 32 samples from the Xinji Loess Section, Shaanxi Province, China. Interferences, including those from uranium fission products, were evaluated and corrections applied where necessary. The 39.7-meter deep section comprises of Lishi Loess of the middle Pleistocene (Q2) and Malan Loess of the late Pleistocene (Q3). The section is characterized by the presence of 5 layers of paleosol, and each paleosol is underlain by a precipitation layer. When the elemental abundances are converted to a carbonate-free basis, there is little compositional difference among the carbonate-free fractions of loess, paleosol and precipitation layers. This indicates that dissolution of carbonate minerals by downward-moving surface water was an important process in paleosol formation while other minerals were not severely weathered and elemental fractionation was minimal. The parent materials of the paleosol and precipitation layers closely resemble the loess layers in their elemental abundances, which suggests that all layers in the section have a compositionally similar source. ?? 1987 Akade??miai Kiado??.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Articles","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF02055029","issn":"02365731","usgsCitation":"Tian, J., Chou, C.L., and Ehmann, W., 1987, INAA determination of major and trace elements in loess, paleosol and precipitation layers in a pleistocene Loess Section, China: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Articles, v. 110, no. 1, p. 261-274, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02055029.","startPage":"261","endPage":"274","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205471,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02055029"},{"id":224350,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"110","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a37cde4b0c8380cd6118d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tian, J.","contributorId":18516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tian","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chou, C. L.","contributorId":32655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ehmann, W.D.","contributorId":35473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ehmann","given":"W.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70015126,"text":"70015126 - 1987 - Changes in the H O Ar isotope composition of clays during retrograde alteration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-03T15:37:04.127499","indexId":"70015126","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in the H O Ar isotope composition of clays during retrograde alteration","docAbstract":"<p><span>K-Ar ages of illite alteration associated with Middle Proterozoic Athabasca unconformity-type U deposits in Saskatchewan range from 414 to 1493 Ma. The K-Ar ages correlate with water contents and δD values such that illites with young K-Ar ages have δD values as low as −169 and water contents as high as 7.7 wt.% whereas illites with older ages have δD values near −70 and water contents near 4 wt.%. Water extracted at 400°C from illites with low δD values and high water contents has low δD and δ</span><sup>18</sup><span>O values similar to those of modern meteoric water suggesting that some of the illites associated with the original deposition of the ore underwent varying degrees of retrograde alteration. The alteration is initiated by hydration of sites in the interlayer region of the illite which results in the partial resetting of the K-Ar ages and introduction of excess structural water in the form of interlamellar water. The interlamellar water is enriched in&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O by about 7 per mil relative to the water that physically surrounded the clay particle. Further alteration decreases the δD value and increases the δ</span><sup>18</sup><span>O value of the illite by isotopic exchange between the mineral and the interlamellar water. Although the chemical compositions and XRD patterns of the altered illites indicate that no detectable smectite component is present in the samples, the isotopic results suggest that the altered illites may be an early precursor in the formation of mixed-layer illite/smectite by retrograde alteration of pure illite. The wide variation of δD values of chlorite and kaolinite from these U deposits is analogous to that of the illite suggesting that retrograde alteration of clays by meteoric water can be substantial. The general association of altered clays with areas containing the highest concentrations of U is probably related to localized permeability within the ore zone.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(87)90100-1","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Wilson, M., Kyser, T., Mehnert, H.H., and Hoeve, J., 1987, Changes in the H O Ar isotope composition of clays during retrograde alteration: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 51, no. 4, p. 869-878, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(87)90100-1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"869","endPage":"878","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224291,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f42ee4b0c8380cd4bbaf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, M.R.","contributorId":31529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kyser, T.K.","contributorId":25585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kyser","given":"T.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mehnert, H. H.","contributorId":16382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mehnert","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hoeve, J.","contributorId":80429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoeve","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70014891,"text":"70014891 - 1987 - Presence and potential significance of aromatic-ketone groups in aquatic humic substances","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-14T21:23:48.478256","indexId":"70014891","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Presence and potential significance of aromatic-ketone groups in aquatic humic substances","docAbstract":"<p><span>Aquatic humic- and fulvic-acid standards of the International Humic Substances Society were characterized, with emphasis on carbonyl-group nature and content, by carbon-13 nuclear-magnetic-resonance spectroscopy, proton nuclear-magnetic-resonance spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. After comparing spectral results of underivatized humic and fulvic acids with spectral results of chemically modified derivatives, that allow improved observation of the carbonyl group, the data clearly indicated that aromatic ketone groups comprised the majority of the carbonyl-group content. About one ketone group per monocyclic aromatic ring was determined for both humic and fulvic acids. Aromatic-ketone groups were hypothesized to form by photolytic rearrangements and oxidation of phenolic ester and hydrocarbon precursors; these groups have potential significance regarding haloform formation in water, reactivity resulting from active hydrogen of the methyl and methylene adjacent to the ketone groups, and formation of hemiketal and lactol structures. Aromatic-ketone groups also may be the point of attachment between aliphatic and aromatic moieties of aquatic humic-substance structure.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0146-6380(87)90038-6","usgsCitation":"Leenheer, J., Wilson, M.A., and Malcolm, R., 1987, Presence and potential significance of aromatic-ketone groups in aquatic humic substances: Organic Geochemistry, v. 11, no. 4, p. 273-280, https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6380(87)90038-6.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"273","endPage":"280","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226253,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","city":"Fargo","otherGeospatial":"Suwannee River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.55719563644614,\n              30.73718669262388\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.70468259143186,\n              30.595406491784985\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.62660258515855,\n              30.599762786732207\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.52104350470628,\n              30.666323175534032\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.33092442455035,\n              30.827183395185997\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.35189154748764,\n              30.855175569793232\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.55719563644614,\n              30.73718669262388\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"plainLanguageSummary":"<p><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></p>","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8b3de4b0c8380cd7e1c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leenheer, J.A.","contributorId":75123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leenheer","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, M. A.","contributorId":107649,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Malcolm, Ronald L.","contributorId":46075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malcolm","given":"Ronald L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70014889,"text":"70014889 - 1987 - CLAYFORM: a FORTRAN 77 computer program apportioning the constituents in the chemical analysis of a clay or other silicate mineral into a structural formula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-21T15:36:46","indexId":"70014889","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1315,"text":"Computers & Geosciences","printIssn":"0098-3004","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"CLAYFORM: a FORTRAN 77 computer program apportioning the constituents in the chemical analysis of a clay or other silicate mineral into a structural formula","docAbstract":"The FORTRAN 77 computer program CLAYFORM apportions the constituents of a conventional chemical analysis of a silicate mineral into a user-selected structure formula. If requested, such as for a clay mineral or other phyllosilicate, the program distributes the structural formula components into appropriate default or user-specified structural sites (tetrahedral, octahedral, interlayer, hydroxyl, and molecular water sites), and for phyllosilicates calculates the layer (tetrahedral, octahedral, and interlayer) charge distribution. The program also creates data files of entered analyses for subsequent reuse. ?? 1987.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Computers and Geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/0098-3004(87)90025-2","issn":"00983004","usgsCitation":"Bodine, M., 1987, CLAYFORM: a FORTRAN 77 computer program apportioning the constituents in the chemical analysis of a clay or other silicate mineral into a structural formula: Computers & Geosciences, v. 13, no. 1, p. 77-88, https://doi.org/10.1016/0098-3004(87)90025-2.","startPage":"77","endPage":"88","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266182,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0098-3004(87)90025-2"},{"id":226189,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2d0e4b0c8380cd4b3cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bodine, M.W. Jr.","contributorId":33343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodine","given":"M.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70014888,"text":"70014888 - 1987 - Fate and movement of azaarenes and their anaerobic biotransformation products in an aquifer contaminated by wood-treatment chemicals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-18T11:02:58","indexId":"70014888","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fate and movement of azaarenes and their anaerobic biotransformation products in an aquifer contaminated by wood-treatment chemicals","docAbstract":"<p>Infiltration of wastes containing creosote and pentachlorophenol from surface impoundments at an abandoned wood-treatment facility near Pensacola, Florida, resulted in contamination of the underlying sand and gravel aquifer. Pond sludges and sediments near the source were contaminated with 2- to 5-ring azaarenes having log Kow values of from 2.0 to 5.6. However, the ground water contained only azaarenes and their oxygenated and methylated derivatives having log Kow values of less than 3.5. These compounds also were present in coal tar-contaminated ground water at a site near St. Louis Park, Minnesota. Laboratory anaerobic degradation studies and on-site observations indicated that oxygenated azaarenes probably were biotransformation products of reactions mediated by indigenous microbial populations. Microbial N-methylation, C-methylation and O-methylation reactions are reported here for the first time. In the presence of nutrients and carbon sources such as acetate and propionate, all azaarenes studied were either partially or completely degraded. Evidence for the microbial degradation of azaarenes in ground water from anaerobic zones is presented. Oxygenated azaarenes were relatively more water-soluble, mobile and persistent in hydrogeologic environments.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620060302","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Pereira, W.E., Rostad, C., Updegraff, D., and Bennett, J., 1987, Fate and movement of azaarenes and their anaerobic biotransformation products in an aquifer contaminated by wood-treatment chemicals: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 6, no. 3, p. 163-176, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620060302.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"163","endPage":"176","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":226188,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, Florida ","city":"St. Louis Park, Pensacola ","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -87.36328125,\n              30.230594564932193\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.6162109375,\n              30.230594564932193\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.6162109375,\n              30.751277776257812\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.36328125,\n              30.751277776257812\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.36328125,\n              30.230594564932193\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.40644836425781,\n              44.89747102561149\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.29486846923827,\n              44.89747102561149\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.29486846923827,\n              44.981799457076946\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.40644836425781,\n              44.981799457076946\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.40644836425781,\n              44.89747102561149\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1987-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f06e4b0c8380cd53714","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pereira, W. E.","contributorId":46981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pereira","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rostad, C.E.","contributorId":50939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Updegraff, D.M.","contributorId":13251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Updegraff","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bennett, J.L.","contributorId":101004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70014887,"text":"70014887 - 1987 - A Pennsylvanian-age terrestrial storm deposit: using plant fossils to characterize the history and process of sediment accumulation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-20T23:15:23.727648","indexId":"70014887","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2450,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A Pennsylvanian-age terrestrial storm deposit: using plant fossils to characterize the history and process of sediment accumulation","docAbstract":"<div><div id=\"12459337\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>A thin black shale overlying the B-coal underclay (in the Middle Pennsylvanian post-Pottsville strata of the Bernice Basin) contains a compression flora composed of large, prostrate, unidirectionally oriented lycopod trunks and randomly oriented pteridosperm stems. Analyses of modern log accumulations indicate that unidirectional trunk orientations can be produced by riverflood currents, volcanic blasts, and most high-energy windstorms. Since there are neither fluvial sediments nor ash deposits associated with the Bernice assemblage, this deposit is believed to have been formed by high-energy winds. Furthermore, this deposit is interpreted to be in situ because storm winds (and volcanic blasts) rarely have sufficient energy for the physical transport of large, intact tree trunks. The sedimentary history of the B-coal underclay can be determined from the successional changes in the species and plant part compositions (leaves, seeds, branches, trunks, etc.) of the preserved plant material. The underclay is an accretionary floodplain soil which accumulated as discrete increments during episodic floods. The sediments deposited with each flood incorporated the litter layer of the lycopod-pteridosperm forest which occupied this site. Ordinarily, the flood water would recede, and renewed root growth would destroy the primary sedimentary structures and the newly incorporated organic material. Because the bedding and forest litter are preserved in the top 5 cm of the underclay, root growth and silt deposition must have been terminated by the last flooding event. The site eventually became permanently inundated, and an organic-rich mud began to accumulate in the resulting floodplain lake. The lycopod-pteridosperm forest drowned and, at some later time, was blown down into the lake. The trunks are preserved on a single bedding plane in a 2-cm-thick, organic-rich lacustrine black shale. Continued organic accumulation in the lake resulted in the accumulation of a hypautochthonous peat which eventually was colonized by a peat-forming flora.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"SEPM","doi":"10.1306/212F8AE9-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D","issn":"00224472","usgsCitation":"Wnuk, C., and Pfefferkorn, H., 1987, A Pennsylvanian-age terrestrial storm deposit: using plant fossils to characterize the history and process of sediment accumulation: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 57, no. 2, p. 212-221, https://doi.org/10.1306/212F8AE9-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"212","endPage":"221","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226187,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e2f4e4b0c8380cd45d54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wnuk, C.","contributorId":31914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wnuk","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pfefferkorn, H.W.","contributorId":18910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pfefferkorn","given":"H.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014883,"text":"70014883 - 1987 - Structural analysis of geochemical samples by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. Role of paramagnetic material","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-09T17:49:54.994759","indexId":"70014883","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structural analysis of geochemical samples by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. Role of paramagnetic material","docAbstract":"<p>An examination of coals, coal tars, a fulvic acid, and soil fractions by solid-state 13C NMR spectrometry has demonstrated widely differing behavior regarding quantitative representation in the spectrum. Spin counting experiments on coal tars and the fulvic acid show that almost all the sample carbon is observed in both solution and solid-state NMR spectra. Similar experiments on two coals (a lignite and a bituminous coal) show that most (70-97%) of the carbon is observed; however, when the lignite is ion exchanged with 3% (w/w) Fe3+, the fraction of carbon observed drops to below 10%. In additional experiments signal intensity from soil samples is enhanced by a simple dithionite treatment. This is illustrated by 13C, 27Al, and 29Si solid-state NMR experiments on soil fractions.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/ac00131a005","usgsCitation":"Vassallo, A.M., Wilson, M.A., Collin, P.J., Oades, J.M., Waters, A.G., and Malcolm, R.L., 1987, Structural analysis of geochemical samples by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. Role of paramagnetic material: Analytical Chemistry, v. 59, no. 4, p. 558-562, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00131a005.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"558","endPage":"562","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226114,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9bbee4b08c986b31d070","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vassallo, A. M.","contributorId":62345,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vassallo","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, M. A.","contributorId":107649,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collin, P. J.","contributorId":45062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collin","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oades, J. M.","contributorId":71325,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oades","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Waters, A. G.","contributorId":54351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Waters","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Malcolm, Ronald L.","contributorId":97500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malcolm","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70014874,"text":"70014874 - 1987 - Examples of transient sounding from groundwater exploration in sedimentary aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-20T22:38:47.424001","indexId":"70014874","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Examples of transient sounding from groundwater exploration in sedimentary aquifers","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group \"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Examples of the use of transient electromagnetic soundings for three ground-water exploration problems in sedimentary aquifers are given. The examples include: (1) estimating depths to water table and bedrock in an alluvium-filled basin, (2) mapping a confined fresh-water aquifer in bedrock sediments, and (3) locating a freshwater/salt-water interface in a glacial-outwash aquifer. The technique works quite well for these problems within the limitations imposed by the problem of equivalence. For thin conductive targets (S-equivalence) such as a salt-water lens, the ratio of the layer thickness to its resistivity can be determined, but not the individual layer parameters. The thickness of thin resistive zones (H-equivalence) can be resolved, but the resistivity of such layers is not well determined. The problem of H-equivalence is more severe than the S-equivalence. Equivalence imposes restrictions on the transient sounding method for some ground-water exploration problems. Model studies prior to field work can be used to assess the usefulness of the technique for a particular exploration objective.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1987.tb02209.x","usgsCitation":"Fitterman, D., 1987, Examples of transient sounding from groundwater exploration in sedimentary aquifers: Groundwater, v. 25, no. 6, p. 685-692, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1987.tb02209.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"685","endPage":"692","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225982,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0da1e4b0c8380cd53100","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fitterman, D.V. 0000-0001-5600-3401","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5600-3401","contributorId":70386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitterman","given":"D.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70014870,"text":"70014870 - 1987 - Interaction of acid mine drainage with waters and sediments of West Squaw Creek in the West Shasta Mining District, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-18T10:36:11","indexId":"70014870","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interaction of acid mine drainage with waters and sediments of West Squaw Creek in the West Shasta Mining District, California","docAbstract":"Acid mine drainage has acidified large volumes of water and added high concentrations of dissolved heavy metals to West Squaw Creek, a California stream draining igneous rocks of low acid-neutralizing capacity. During mixing of the acid sulfate stream waters in the South Fork of West Squaw Creek with an almost equal volume of dilute uncontaminated water, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Al remained in solution rather than precipitating or adsorbing on solid phases. Changes in the concentration of these generally conservative metals could be used to determine relative flow volumes of acid tributaries and the main stream. An amorphous orange precipitate (probably ferric hydroxides or a mixture of ferric hydroxides and jarosite) was ubiquitous in the acid stream beds and was intimately associated with algae at the most acid sites. Relative sorption of cations decreased with decreasing water pH. However, arsenic was almost completely scavenged from solution within a short distance from the sulfide sources.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es00158a009","usgsCitation":"Filipek, L., Nordstrom, D.K., and Ficklin, W.H., 1987, Interaction of acid mine drainage with waters and sediments of West Squaw Creek in the West Shasta Mining District, California: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 21, no. 4, p. 388-396, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00158a009.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"388","endPage":"396","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225917,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California ","otherGeospatial":"West Shasta Mining District","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.81616210937499,\n              40.444856858961764\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.24761962890625,\n              40.444856858961764\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.24761962890625,\n              40.92804010533237\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.81616210937499,\n              40.92804010533237\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.81616210937499,\n              40.444856858961764\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3caee4b0c8380cd62f46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Filipek, L.H.","contributorId":58392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Filipek","given":"L.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":369486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ficklin, W. H.","contributorId":89517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ficklin","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70014859,"text":"70014859 - 1987 - Playa-lake basins on the Southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico: Part II. A hydrologic model and mass-balance arguments for their development.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-28T01:01:09.307497","indexId":"70014859","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Playa-lake basins on the Southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico: Part II. A hydrologic model and mass-balance arguments for their development.","docAbstract":"<p>Hydrologic, geologic, geomorphic, and mass-balance data suggest that most of the ∼30,000 playa lake basins on the Southern High Plains have developed by a combination of dissolution of caliche and piping of surface material into the unsaturated zone rather than by eolian processes as has generally been stated. A conceptual model suggests that particulate organic material, much of which is sorbed on smectite clays, is carried downward from the surface into the unsaturated zone by recharging water. The organic material is oxidized to CO<sub>2</sub>, which dissolves in the water, forms carbonic acid, and dissolves lithologic carbonates. Because organic material is transported and oxidized deep in the unsaturated zone, CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>concentrations are much higher at depth than in the soil zone, and recharging water remains thermodynamically subsaturated with respect to carbonates and thus able to dissolve them throughout the unsaturated zone. Dissolution promotes lithologic instability, leading to piping and eluviation of material within the unsaturated zone. Playa basins expand laterally as recharge is concentrated at the edge of the playa floor because of lowered permeability in the center that results from accumulation of clays and other fine sediment.</p><p>Mass-balance calculations of gas, liquid, and solid fluxes beneath a playa basin suggest that sufficient mass is transported to account for the volume of the depression. Particulate flux is estimated by relating it to the CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>flux out of the unsaturated zone. Solute flux is estimated from the difference between input values from the playa lake water and that observed in ground water. Gas flux is measured directly from gas samples at specific depths below the: surface.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1987)99<224:PBOTSH>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Wood, W., and Osterkamp, W.R., 1987, Playa-lake basins on the Southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico: Part II. A hydrologic model and mass-balance arguments for their development.: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 99, no. 2, p. 224-230, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1987)99<224:PBOTSH>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"224","endPage":"230","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225735,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"99","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7c38e4b0c8380cd79882","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, W.W.","contributorId":21974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Osterkamp, W. R.","contributorId":46044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osterkamp","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}