Effects of forest management on stream communities have been widely documented, but the role that climate plays in the disturbance outcomes is not understood. In order to determine whether the effect of disturbance from forest management on headwater stream communities varies by climate, we evaluated benthic macroinvertebrate communities in 24 headwater streams that differed in forest management (logged-roaded vs. unlogged-unroaded, hereafter logged and unlogged) within two ecological sub-regions (wet versus dry) within the eastern Cascade Range, Washington, USA. In both ecoregions, total macroinvertebrate density was highest at logged sites (P = 0.001) with gathering-collectors and shredders dominating. Total taxonomic richness and diversity did not differ between ecoregions or forest management types. Shredder densities were positively correlated with total deciduous and Sitka alder (Alnus sinuata) riparian cover. Further, differences in shredder density between logged and unlogged sites were greater in the wet ecoregion (logging × ecoregion interaction; P = 0.006) suggesting that differences in post-logging forest succession between ecoregions were responsible for differences in shredder abundance. Headwater stream benthic community structure was influenced by logging and regional differences in climate. Future development of ecoregional classification models at the subbasin scale, and use of functional metrics in addition to structural metrics, may allow for more accurate assessments of anthropogenic disturbances in mountainous regions where mosaics of localized differences in climate are common.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10750-009-0058-5","issn":"00188158","usgsCitation":"Medhurst, R.B., Wipfli, M.S., Binckley, C., Polivka, K., Hessburg, P.F., and Salter, R.B., 2010, Headwater streams and forest management: does ecoregional context influence logging effects on benthic communities?: Hydrobiologia, v. 641, no. 1, p. 71-83, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-009-0058-5.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"71","endPage":"83","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242073,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214353,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-009-0058-5"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Cascade Range, Wenatchee River subbasin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.94711303710938,\n 48.17432829641993\n ],\n [\n -120.9814453125,\n 48.09459164290992\n ],\n [\n -121.14898681640626,\n 48.039528693690556\n ],\n [\n -121.13113403320311,\n 48.011056420797836\n ],\n [\n -121.17095947265625,\n 47.951305426762616\n ],\n [\n -121.17645263671874,\n 47.892406101169264\n ],\n [\n -121.13800048828125,\n 47.81684332352077\n ],\n [\n -121.15447998046875,\n 47.7263921299974\n ],\n [\n -121.15310668945312,\n 47.64596177800046\n ],\n [\n -121.06658935546874,\n 47.54223662718361\n ],\n [\n -120.98419189453125,\n 47.45687999525879\n ],\n [\n -120.8221435546875,\n 47.40764414848437\n ],\n [\n -120.70816040039061,\n 47.404855836246135\n ],\n [\n -120.59829711914061,\n 47.34533667855891\n ],\n [\n -120.44036865234375,\n 47.2708432505609\n ],\n [\n -120.355224609375,\n 47.3425450696602\n ],\n [\n -120.34149169921875,\n 47.39277144427804\n ],\n [\n -120.42526245117186,\n 47.4745193657043\n ],\n [\n -120.34149169921875,\n 47.519983057945794\n ],\n [\n -120.3277587890625,\n 47.611718174784954\n ],\n [\n -120.58181762695311,\n 47.85003078545827\n ],\n [\n -120.71502685546875,\n 48.038610478762806\n ],\n [\n -120.84686279296874,\n 48.19996433122713\n ],\n [\n -120.94711303710938,\n 48.17432829641993\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"641","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2fd4e4b0c8380cd5d114","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Medhurst, R. 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Although the cause of this isotopic fractionation is unknown, its effect can be mitigated by (1) increasing the capacity of any dewars so that they do not need to be filled during a daily analytic run, (2) interspersing isotopic reference waters among unknowns, and (3) applying a linear drift correction and linear normalization to isotopic results with a program such as Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) for Light Stable Isotopes. With adoption of the above guidelines, measurement uncertainty can be substantially improved. For example, the long-term (months to years) δ2H reproducibility (1& sigma; standard deviation) of nine local isotopic reference waters analyzed daily improved substantially from about 1‰ to 0.58 ‰. This isotopically fractionating mechanism might affect other isotope-ratio mass spectrometers in which LN2 is used as a moisture trap for gaseous hydrogen
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1021/ac101570f","usgsCitation":"Coplen, T.B., and Qi, H., 2010, Caution on the use of liquid nitrogen traps in stable hydrogen isotope-ratio mass spectrometry: Analytical Chemistry, v. 82, no. 18, p. 7849-7851, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac101570f.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"7849","endPage":"7851","ipdsId":"IP-020415","costCenters":[{"id":146,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Eastern Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":265316,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":265271,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac101570f"}],"country":"United States","volume":"82","issue":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50ebfc76e4b07f1501afcfcb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coplen, Tyler B. 0000-0003-4884-6008 tbcoplen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4884-6008","contributorId":508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"Tyler","email":"tbcoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":471357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Qi, Haiping 0000-0002-8339-744X haipingq@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8339-744X","contributorId":507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qi","given":"Haiping","email":"haipingq@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":471356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037251,"text":"70037251 - 2010 - The influence of maximum magnitude on seismic-hazard estimates in the Central and Eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:07","indexId":"70037251","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of maximum magnitude on seismic-hazard estimates in the Central and Eastern United States","docAbstract":"I analyze the sensitivity of seismic-hazard estimates in the central and eastern United States (CEUS) to maximum magnitude (mmax) by exercising the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) probabilistic hazard model with several mmax alternatives. Seismicity-based sources control the hazard in most of the CEUS, but data seldom provide an objective basis for estimating mmax. The USGS uses preferred mmax values of moment magnitude 7.0 and 7.5 for the CEUS craton and extended margin, respectively, derived from data in stable continental regions worldwide. Other approaches, for example analysis of local seismicity or judgment about a source's seismogenic potential, often lead to much smaller mmax. Alternative models span the mmax ranges from the 1980s Electric Power Research Institute/Seismicity Owners Group (EPRI/SOG) analysis. Results are presented as haz-ard ratios relative to the USGS national seismic hazard maps. One alternative model specifies mmax equal to moment magnitude 5.0 and 5.5 for the craton and margin, respectively, similar to EPRI/SOG for some sources. For 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years (about 0.0004 annual probability), the strong mmax truncation produces hazard ratios equal to 0.35-0.60 for 0.2-sec spectral acceleration, and 0.15-0.35 for 1.0-sec spectral acceleration. Hazard-controlling earthquakes interact with mmax in complex ways. There is a relatively weak dependence on probability level: hazardratios increase 0-15% for 0.002 annual exceedance probability and decrease 5-25% for 0.00001 annual exceedance probability. Although differences at some sites are tempered when faults are added, mmax clearly accounts for some of the discrepancies that are seen in comparisons between USGS-based and EPRI/SOG-based hazard results.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120090114","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Mueller, C., 2010, The influence of maximum magnitude on seismic-hazard estimates in the Central and Eastern United States: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 100, no. 2, p. 699-711, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120090114.","startPage":"699","endPage":"711","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217256,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120090114"},{"id":245187,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"100","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bad2ee4b08c986b323a30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mueller, C.S.","contributorId":45310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70037263,"text":"70037263 - 2010 - Land changes and their driving forces in the Southeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-06T11:47:17","indexId":"70037263","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3242,"text":"Regional Environmental Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Land changes and their driving forces in the Southeastern United States","docAbstract":"The ecoregions of the Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain, Southeastern Plains, Piedmont, and Blue Ridge provide a continuum of land cover from the Atlantic Ocean to the highest mountains in the East. From 1973 to 2000, each ecoregion had a unique mosaic of land covers and land cover changes. The forests of the Blue Ridge Mountains provided amenity lands. The Piedmont forested area declined, while the developed area increased. The Southeastern Plains became a commercial forest region, and most agricultural lands that changed became forested. Forests in the Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain declined, and development related to recreation and retirement increased. The most important drivers of land conversion were associated with commercial forestry, competition between forest and agriculture, and economic and population growth. These and other drivers were modified by each ecoregion’s unique suitability and land use legacies with the result that the same drivers often produced different land changes in different ecoregions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10113-009-0084-x","issn":"14363798","usgsCitation":"Napton, D.E., Auch, R.F., Headley, R., and Taylor, J., 2010, Land changes and their driving forces in the Southeastern United States: Regional Environmental Change, v. 10, no. 1, p. 37-53, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-009-0084-x.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"53","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245379,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217432,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10113-009-0084-x"}],"volume":"10","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a41a1e4b0c8380cd65686","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Napton, Darrell E.","contributorId":94541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Napton","given":"Darrell","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Auch, Roger F. 0000-0002-5382-5044 auch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5382-5044","contributorId":667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Auch","given":"Roger","email":"auch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Headley, Rachel rheadley@usgs.gov","contributorId":1744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Headley","given":"Rachel","email":"rheadley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":460148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Taylor, Janis 0000-0002-9418-5215 jltaylor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9418-5215","contributorId":3869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Janis ","email":"jltaylor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":460147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034470,"text":"70034470 - 2010 - Arsenic in groundwater in the North Carolina Eastern slate belt (Esb): Nash and halifax counties, north carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-30T11:27:36","indexId":"70034470","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3443,"text":"Southeastern Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Arsenic in groundwater in the North Carolina Eastern slate belt (Esb): Nash and halifax counties, north carolina","docAbstract":"Naturally occurring arsenic-contaminated groundwater is present within the Eastern Slate Belt (ESB) of North Carolina. Long-term, integrated geologic and geo-chemical investigations havedetermined the presence of arsenic by analyzing precipitates from first and second order streams under base flow conditions. When groundwater discharges into streams, arsenic and other metals are precipitated from solution, due to redox changes between the subsurface and surface environments. Analyses (As, base metals, Fe and Mn) were determined following chemical extraction ofnaturally occurring manganese-iron oxide-coatings, which had precipitated from solution onto stream-bed cobbles. Additionally, artificial redox fronts were produced by placing ceramic tilesin streambeds to collect and analyze oxide precipitates. Thermochemical plots from these data, as well as information from respective stream water measurements (pH and Eh), water sampling, and rock chemical analyses indicate mobile arsenic in predicted stability fields. Initial results show that naturally occurring arsenic-contaminated groundwater is present within the study area. However, the resulting oxidation and pre-cipitation within streams appreciably removes thiscontaminant from surface water solution.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southeastern Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00383678","usgsCitation":"Reid, J., Haven, W., Eudy, D., Milosh, R., and Stafford, E., 2010, Arsenic in groundwater in the North Carolina Eastern slate belt (Esb): Nash and halifax counties, north carolina: Southeastern Geology, v. 47, no. 3, p. 117-122.","startPage":"117","endPage":"122","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244535,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","volume":"47","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed92e4b0c8380cd498b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reid, J.C.","contributorId":61052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haven, W.T.","contributorId":29668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haven","given":"W.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eudy, D.D.","contributorId":28454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eudy","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Milosh, R.M.","contributorId":100648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milosh","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stafford, E.G.","contributorId":37172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70037321,"text":"70037321 - 2010 - Reptilian prey of the sonora mud turtle (Kinosternon sonoriense) with comments on saurophagy and ophiophagy in North American Turtles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:07","indexId":"70037321","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3451,"text":"Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reptilian prey of the sonora mud turtle (Kinosternon sonoriense) with comments on saurophagy and ophiophagy in North American Turtles","docAbstract":"We detected evidence of predation by the Sonora mud turtle (Kinosternon sonoriense) on the Arizona alligator lizard (Elgaria kingii nobilis) and the ground snake (Sonora semiannulata) at Montezuma Well, Yavapai County, Arizona. Lizards have not been reported in the diet of K. sonoriense, and saurophagy is rare in turtles of the United States, having been reported previously in only two other species:, the false map turtle (Graptemys pseudogeographica) and the eastern box turtle (Terrapene carolina). While the diet of K. sonoriense includes snakes, ours is the first record of S. semiannulata as food of this turtle. Ophiophagy also is rare in turtles of the United States with records for only five other species of turtles. Given the opportunistic diets of many North American turtles, including K. sonoriense, the scarcity of published records of saurophagy and ophiophagy likely represents a shortage of observations, not rarity of occurrence.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southwestern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1894/GC-191.1","issn":"00384909","usgsCitation":"Lovich, J., Drost, C., Monatesti, A., Casper, D., Wood, D., and Girard, M., 2010, Reptilian prey of the sonora mud turtle (Kinosternon sonoriense) with comments on saurophagy and ophiophagy in North American Turtles: Southwestern Naturalist, v. 55, no. 1, p. 135-138, https://doi.org/10.1894/GC-191.1.","startPage":"135","endPage":"138","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217377,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1894/GC-191.1"},{"id":245322,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa8fee4b0c8380cd85b7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lovich, J.","contributorId":30944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovich","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drost, C.","contributorId":77810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drost","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Monatesti, A.J.","contributorId":98026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monatesti","given":"A.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Casper, D.","contributorId":103153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casper","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wood, D.A.","contributorId":70099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Girard, M.","contributorId":32790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Girard","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70037352,"text":"70037352 - 2010 - Organic intermediates in the anaerobic biodegradation of coal to methane under laboratory conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T10:46:00","indexId":"70037352","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organic intermediates in the anaerobic biodegradation of coal to methane under laboratory conditions","docAbstract":"Organic intermediates in coal fluids produced by anaerobic biodegradation of geopolymers in coal play a key role in the production of methane in natural gas reservoirs. Laboratory biodegradation experiments on sub-bituminous coal from Texas, USA, were conducted using bioreactors to examine the organic intermediates relevant to methane production. Production of methane in the bioreactors was linked to acetate accumulation in bioreactor fluid. Long chain fatty acids, alkanes (C19–C36) and various low molecular weight aromatics, including phenols, also accumulated in the bioreactor fluid and appear to be the primary intermediates in the biodegradation pathway from coal-derived geopolymers to acetate and methane.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2010.03.005","usgsCitation":"Orem, W.H., Voytek, M.A., Jones, E., Lerch, H.E., Bates, A.L., Corum, M., Warwick, P.D., and Clark, A.C., 2010, Organic intermediates in the anaerobic biodegradation of coal to methane under laboratory conditions: Organic Geochemistry, v. 41, no. 9, p. 997-1000, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2010.03.005.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"997","endPage":"1000","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245291,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","volume":"41","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6fc3e4b0c8380cd75c5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Orem, William H. 0000-0003-4990-0539 borem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-0539","contributorId":577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orem","given":"William","email":"borem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Voytek, Mary A.","contributorId":91943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voytek","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Elizabeth J.","contributorId":96791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Elizabeth J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lerch, Harry E. tlerch@usgs.gov","contributorId":600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lerch","given":"Harry","email":"tlerch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":460605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bates, Anne L. 0000-0002-4875-4675 abates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4875-4675","contributorId":2789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bates","given":"Anne","email":"abates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Corum, M.D. 0000-0002-9038-3935 mcorum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9038-3935","contributorId":2249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corum","given":"M.D.","email":"mcorum@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Warwick, Peter D. 0000-0002-3152-7783 pwarwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-7783","contributorId":762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warwick","given":"Peter","email":"pwarwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":460602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Clark, Arthur C. aclark@usgs.gov","contributorId":2320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Arthur","email":"aclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":460598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70033861,"text":"70033861 - 2010 - Individual and colony-specific wintering areas of Pacific northern fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-02T14:47:39.854648","indexId":"70033861","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Individual and colony-specific wintering areas of Pacific northern fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis)","docAbstract":"Seabird mortality associated with longline fishing in the eastern Bering Sea occurs mainly from September to May, with northern fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis) comprising the majority (60%) of the bycatch. Along the west coast of North America, winter dieoffs of fulmars may be increasing in frequency and magnitude, the most severe on record being a wreck that peaked in October-November 2003. We deployed satellite transmitters on fulmars from the four main Alaska colonies and tracked individuals for up to 2 years. Fulmars from Hall Island (northern Bering Sea) moved to Russian coastal waters after breeding, while Pribilof Island fulmars (southeastern Bering Sea) remained relatively sedentary yearround. Birds from Chagulak Island (eastern Aleutians) preferred passes between the Aleutian Islands in winter or foraged widely over deep waters of the central Bering Sea and North Pacific. Fulmars from the Semidi Islands (western Gulf of Alaska) migrated directly to waters of the California Current. Individuals from St. George Island (Pribilofs) and Chagulak were consistent in the places that they visited in two successive winters. The Pribilof Islands population is most affected by winter longlining for groundfish, whereas the Semidi Islands colony sustains most of the natural mortality that occurs off Washington, Oregon, and California.","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/F09-184","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Hatch, S.A., Gill, V., and Mulcahy, D.M., 2010, Individual and colony-specific wintering areas of Pacific northern fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis): Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 67, no. 2, p. 386-400, https://doi.org/10.1139/F09-184.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"386","endPage":"400","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438846,"rank":1,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P992BR5E","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Tracking Data for Northern Fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis)"},{"id":241970,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -166.201171875,\n 61.689872200460016\n ],\n [\n -165.673828125,\n 61.689872200460016\n ],\n [\n -171.03515625,\n 62.91523303947614\n ],\n [\n -176.044921875,\n 60.50052541051131\n ],\n [\n -175.869140625,\n 58.49369382056807\n ],\n [\n -174.111328125,\n 54.1109429427243\n ],\n [\n -171.650390625,\n 51.23440735163459\n ],\n [\n -167.16796875,\n 50.958426723359935\n ],\n [\n -158.81835937499997,\n 52.482780222078226\n ],\n [\n -154.51171875,\n 57.088515327886505\n ],\n [\n -159.345703125,\n 58.95000823335702\n ],\n [\n -166.201171875,\n 61.689872200460016\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"67","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3a9ae4b0c8380cd61dee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gill, Verena A.","contributorId":140658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gill","given":"Verena A.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":442876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mulcahy, Daniel M. dmulcahy@usgs.gov","contributorId":3102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulcahy","given":"Daniel","email":"dmulcahy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70037469,"text":"70037469 - 2010 - Contribution of glacier runoff to freshwater discharge into the Gulf of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-24T13:43:28.040981","indexId":"70037469","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contribution of glacier runoff to freshwater discharge into the Gulf of Alaska","docAbstract":"Watersheds along the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) are undergoing climate warming, glacier volume loss, and shifts in the timing and volume of freshwater delivered to the eastern North Pacific Ocean. We estimate recent mean annual freshwater discharge to the GOA at 870 km3 yr−1. Small distributed coastal drainages contribute 78% of the freshwater discharge with the remainder delivered by larger rivers penetrating coastal ranges. Discharge from glaciers and icefields accounts for 47% of total freshwater discharge, with 10% coming from glacier volume loss associated with rapid thinning and retreat of glaciers along the GOA. Our results indicate the region of the GOA from Prince William Sound to the east, where glacier runoff contributes 371 km3 yr−1, is vulnerable to future changes in freshwater discharge as a result of glacier thinning and recession. Changes in timing and magnitude of freshwater delivery to the GOA could impact coastal circulation as well as biogeochemical fluxes to near-shore marine ecosystems and the eastern North Pacific Ocean.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2010GL042385","usgsCitation":"Neal, E., Hood, E., and Smikrud, K., 2010, Contribution of glacier runoff to freshwater discharge into the Gulf of Alaska: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 37, no. 6, L06404, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL042385.","productDescription":"L06404, 5 p.","ipdsId":"IP-017715","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244975,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -130.5643051431098,\n 54.85785162136196\n ],\n [\n -129.801180793683,\n 55.30926018727044\n ],\n [\n -130.05112281823483,\n 56.11653618246086\n ],\n [\n -126.9202647445766,\n 58.122836369479074\n ],\n [\n -131.1053172808089,\n 58.64985745298324\n ],\n [\n -134.01303768387908,\n 58.89598721511487\n ],\n [\n -135.22581552995177,\n 59.79205648332888\n ],\n [\n -136.58772604104726,\n 61.381138106354456\n ],\n [\n -138.04626596912166,\n 61.314994015659465\n ],\n [\n -138.60432020410502,\n 60.559900526989736\n ],\n [\n -141.30606589228287,\n 60.85835871030659\n ],\n [\n -145.7776404980223,\n 62.42585111921909\n ],\n [\n -152.16883404556305,\n 62.35282028245135\n ],\n [\n -153.35139889498453,\n 60.75558264673788\n ],\n [\n -154.82659388980346,\n 58.900505909546524\n ],\n [\n -155.29844273269714,\n 58.068228502100084\n ],\n [\n -159.11395786204025,\n 56.22566963320148\n ],\n [\n -159.13770911858705,\n 55.7794500272806\n ],\n [\n -160.5686468615533,\n 55.60001966619387\n ],\n [\n -151.61152309709522,\n 56.29614858857559\n ],\n [\n -149.01826722688523,\n 59.33954713956638\n ],\n [\n -139.23128282370246,\n 58.41924911804145\n ],\n [\n -133.91910529039342,\n 54.471257628362025\n ],\n [\n -131.6077484541432,\n 54.27825021068048\n ],\n [\n -130.5643051431098,\n 54.85785162136196\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"37","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa82e4b0c8380cd4db34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neal, Edward G.","contributorId":68775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Edward G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hood, Eran","contributorId":106802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hood","given":"Eran","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smikrud, K.","contributorId":30850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smikrud","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036476,"text":"70036476 - 2010 - Whole-rock Pb and Sm-Nd isotopic constraints on the growth of southeastern Laurentia during Grenvillian orogenesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-11T15:51:35.715542","indexId":"70036476","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Whole-rock Pb and Sm-Nd isotopic constraints on the growth of southeastern Laurentia during Grenvillian orogenesis","docAbstract":"The conventional view that the basement of the southern and central Appalachians represents juvenile Mesoproterozoic crust, the final stage of growth of Laurentia prior to Grenville collision, has recently been challenged. New whole-rock Pb and Sm‑Nd isotopic data are presented from Mesoproterozoic basement in the southern and central Appalachians and the Granite-Rhyolite province, as well as one new U-Pb zircon age from the Granite-Rhyolite province. These data, combined with existing data from Mesoproterozoic terranes throughout southeastern Laurentia, further substantiate recent suggestions that the southern and central Appalachian basement is exotic with respect to Laurentia.
Sm-Nd isotopic compositions of most rocks from the southern and central Appalachian basement are consistent with progressive growth through reworking of the adjacent Granite-Rhyolite province. However, Pb isotopic data, including new analyses from important regions not sampled in previous studies, do not correspond with Pb isotopic compositions of any adjacent crust. The most distinct ages and isotopic compositions in the southern and central Appalachian basement come from the Roan Mountain area, eastern Tennessee–western North Carolina. The data set indicates U-Pb zircon ages up to 1.8 Ga for igneous rocks, inherited and detrital zircon ages >2.0 Ga, Sm-Nd depleted mantle model (TDM) ages >2.0 Ga, and the most elevated 207Pb/204Pb observed in southeastern Laurentia.
The combined U-Pb geochronologic and Sm-Nd and Pb isotopic data preclude derivation of southern and central Appalachian basement from any nearby crustal material and demonstrate that Grenville age crust in southeastern Laurentia is exotic and probably was transferred during collision and assembly of Rodinia. These new data better define the boundary between the exotic southern and central Appalachian basement and adjacent Laurentian Granite-Rhyolite province.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B30116.1","usgsCitation":"Fisher, C.M., Loewy, S.L., Miller, C.F., Berquist, P., Van Schmus, W.R., Hatcher, R., Wooden, J.L., and Fullagar, P.D., 2010, Whole-rock Pb and Sm-Nd isotopic constraints on the growth of southeastern Laurentia during Grenvillian orogenesis: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 122, no. 9-10, p. 1646-1659, https://doi.org/10.1130/B30116.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1646","endPage":"1659","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246194,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.74218749999999,\n 23.96617587126503\n ],\n [\n -63.896484375,\n 23.96617587126503\n ],\n [\n -63.896484375,\n 48.922499263758255\n ],\n [\n -110.74218749999999,\n 48.922499263758255\n ],\n [\n -110.74218749999999,\n 23.96617587126503\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"122","issue":"9-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-05-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd08be4b08c986b32ef02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fisher, C. M.","contributorId":25394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loewy, S. L.","contributorId":106739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loewy","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, C. F.","contributorId":89971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berquist, P.","contributorId":101498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berquist","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Van Schmus, W. R.","contributorId":83114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Schmus","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hatcher, R. D. Jr.","contributorId":32736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatcher","given":"R. D.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wooden, J. L.","contributorId":58678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fullagar, P. D.","contributorId":66073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fullagar","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70037503,"text":"70037503 - 2010 - Discovery of ammocrypta clara (western sand darter) in the Upper Ohio River of West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-10T15:08:58","indexId":"70037503","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discovery of ammocrypta clara (western sand darter) in the Upper Ohio River of West Virginia","docAbstract":"Ammocrypta clara Jordan and Meek (western sand darter) occurs primarily in the western portions of Mississippi River system, but also has been reported from a Lake Michigan drainage and a few eastern Texas Gulf Slope rivers. Additional range records depict a semi-disjunct distribution within the Ohio River drainage, including collections from Wabash River in Indiana, the Cumberland, Green, Kentucky and Big Sandy rivers of Kentucky, and the upper Tennessee River in Tennessee and Virginia. This paper documents the occurrence of A. clara from the upper Ohio River drainage within the lower Elk River, West Virginia, based on collections from 1986, 1991, 1995, 2005 and 2006. The Elk River population, consistent with those of other Ohio River drainages, has slightly higher counts for numbers of dorsal-fin rays, scales below lateral line and lateral line scales when compared to data from populations outside of the Ohio River drainage. Modal counts of meristic characters are similar among populations, except for higher modal counts of lateral line scales in the Ohio River population. The discovery of the Elk River population extends the range distribution of A. clara in the Eastern Highlands region, documents wide distributional overlap and additional sympatry with its sister species,A. pellucida (eastern sand darter), and softens support for an east-west Central Highlands vicariance hypothesis for the present distribution of A. clara and A. pellucida.
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The gas play is well-established in Indiana and Western Kentucky. One in-situ oil producing well was reported in a multiply competed well in the New Albany at Johnsonville field in Wayne County, Illinois. The Illinois gas and oil wells at Russellville, in Lawrence County are closely associated with the 0.6% reflectance contour, which suggests a higher level of thermal maturity in this area. Today, only one field, Russellville in eastern Lawrence County has established commercial production in the Ness Albany in Illinois. Two wildcat wells with gas shows were drilled in recent years in southern Saline County, where the New Albany is relatively deeply buried and close to faults associated with the Fluorspar District.
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Such liquefaction is rarely observed during earthquakes of M ≤ 5.2. We conclude that subsurface conditions, not unusual ground motion, were the primary factors contributing to the liquefaction. The liquefaction occurred in very liquefiable sands at shallow depth (< 2 m) in an area where the water table was near the land surface. Our investigation is relevant to both geotechnical engineering and geology. The standard engineering method for assessing liquefaction potential, the Seed–Idriss simplified procedure, successfully predicted the liquefaction despite the small earthquake magnitude. The field observations of liquefaction effects highlight a need for caution by earthquake geologists when inferring prehistoric earthquake magnitudes from paleoliquefaction features because small magnitude events may cause such features.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Engineering Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.07.009","issn":"00137952","usgsCitation":"Holzer, T., Jayko, A.S., Hauksson, E., Fletcher, J., Noce, T., Bennett, M., Dietel, C., and Hudnut, K., 2010, Liquefaction caused by the 2009 Olancha, California (USA), M5.2 earthquake: Engineering Geology, v. 116, no. 1-2, p. 184-188, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.07.009.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"184","endPage":"188","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218072,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.07.009"},{"id":246052,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Olancha","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.035125,36.22622 ], [ -118.035125,36.315234 ], [ -117.968329,36.315234 ], [ -117.968329,36.22622 ], [ -118.035125,36.22622 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"116","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a47eae4b0c8380cd67a98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holzer, T.L.","contributorId":35739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holzer","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jayko, A. 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As part of this effort, we developed a new version of the SLEUTH model (SLEUTH-3r), which introduces new functionality and fit metrics that substantially increase the performance and applicability of the model. In addition, we developed methods that expand the capability of SLEUTH to incorporate economic, cultural and policy information, opening up new avenues for the integration of SLEUTH with other land-change models. SLEUTH-3r is also more computationally efficient (by a factor of 5) and uses less memory (reduced 65%) than the original software. With the new version of SLEUTH, we were able to achieve high accuracies at both the aggregate level of 15 sub-regional modeling units and at finer scales. 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","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2009.08.003","usgsCitation":"Jantz, C.A., Goetz, S., Donato, D.I., and Claggett, P.R., 2010, Designing and implementing a regional urban modeling system using the SLEUTH cellular urban model: Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, v. 34, no. 1, p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2009.08.003.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242168,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff46e4b0c8380cd4f0e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jantz, Claire A.","contributorId":107477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jantz","given":"Claire","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goetz, Scott J.","contributorId":22232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goetz","given":"Scott J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Donato, David I. 0000-0002-5412-0249 didonato@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5412-0249","contributorId":2234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donato","given":"David","email":"didonato@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Claggett, Peter R. 0000-0002-5335-2857 pclaggett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5335-2857","contributorId":176287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Claggett","given":"Peter","email":"pclaggett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70035295,"text":"70035295 - 2010 - Predicting the retreat and migration of tidal forests along the northern Gulf of Mexico under sea-level rise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-09T15:29:31","indexId":"70035295","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting the retreat and migration of tidal forests along the northern Gulf of Mexico under sea-level rise","docAbstract":"Tidal freshwater forests in coastal regions of the southeastern United States are undergoing dieback and retreat from increasing tidal inundation and saltwater intrusion attributed to climate variability and sea-level rise. In many areas, tidal saltwater forests (mangroves) contrastingly are expanding landward in subtropical coastal reaches succeeding freshwater marsh and forest zones. Hydrological characteristics of these low-relief coastal forests in intertidal settings are dictated by the influence of tidal and freshwater forcing. In this paper, we describe the application of the Sea Level Over Proportional Elevation (SLOPE) model to predict coastal forest retreat and migration from projected sea-level rise based on a proxy relationship of saltmarsh/mangrove area and tidal range. The SLOPE model assumes that the sum area of saltmarsh/mangrove habitat along any given coastal reach is determined by the slope of the landform and vertical tide forcing. Model results indicated that saltmarsh and mangrove migration from sea-level rise will vary by county and watershed but greater in western Gulf States than in the eastern Gulf States where millions of hectares of coastal forest will be displaced over the next century with a near meter rise in relative sea level alone. Substantial losses of coastal forests will also occur in the eastern Gulf but mangrove forests in subtropical zones of Florida are expected to replace retreating freshwater forest and affect regional biodiversity. Accelerated global eustacy from climate change will compound the degree of predicted retreat and migration of coastal forests with expected implications for ecosystem management of State and Federal lands in the absence of adaptive coastal management.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2009.10.023","issn":"03781127","usgsCitation":"Doyle, T., Krauss, K., Conner, W., and From, A., 2010, Predicting the retreat and migration of tidal forests along the northern Gulf of Mexico under sea-level rise: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 259, no. 4, p. 770-777, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.10.023.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"770","endPage":"777","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242936,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.8154296875,\n 25.284437746983055\n ],\n [\n -83.232421875,\n 30.259067203213018\n ],\n [\n -84.814453125,\n 30.41078179084589\n ],\n [\n -88.681640625,\n 30.751277776257812\n ],\n [\n -91.1865234375,\n 30.107117887092357\n ],\n [\n -94.9658203125,\n 29.954934549656144\n ],\n [\n -98.1298828125,\n 27.761329874505233\n ],\n [\n -97.2509765625,\n 25.878994400196202\n ],\n [\n -80.8154296875,\n 25.284437746983055\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"259","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a81d8e4b0c8380cd7b781","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doyle, T.W. 0000-0001-5754-0671","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5754-0671","contributorId":16783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyle","given":"T.W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krauss, K. 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W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conner, W.H.","contributorId":54165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conner","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"From, A.S. 0000-0002-6543-2627","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6543-2627","contributorId":34346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"From","given":"A.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70035425,"text":"70035425 - 2010 - Limited hydrologic response to Pleistocene climate change in deep vadose zones - Yucca Mountain, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-31T17:21:40","indexId":"70035425","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Limited hydrologic response to Pleistocene climate change in deep vadose zones - Yucca Mountain, Nevada","docAbstract":"Understanding the movement of water through thick vadose zones, especially on time scales encompassing long-term climate change, is increasingly important as societies utilize semi-arid environments for both water resources and sites viewed as favorable for long-term disposal or storage of hazardous waste. Hydrologic responses to Pleistocene climate change within a deep vadose zone in the eastern Mojave Desert at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, were evaluated by uranium-series dating of finely layered hyalitic opal using secondary ion mass spectrometry. Opal is present within cm-thick secondary hydrogenic mineral crusts coating floors of lithophysal cavities in fractured volcanic rocks at depths of 200 to 300 m below land surface. Uranium concentrations in opal fluctuate systematically between 5 and 550 μg/g. Age-calibrated profiles of uranium concentration correlate with regional climate records over the last 300,000 years and produce time-series spectral peaks that have distinct periodicities of 100- and 41-ka, consistent with planetary orbital parameters. These results indicate that the chemical compositions of percolating solutions varied in response to near-surface, climate-driven processes. However, slow (micrometers per thousand years), relatively uniform growth rates of secondary opal and calcite deposition spanning several glacial–interglacial climate cycles imply that water fluxes in the deep vadose zone remained low and generally buffered from the large fluctuations in available surface moisture during different climates.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2010.10.006","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Paces, J., Neymark, L., Whelan, J.F., Wooden, J.L., Lund, S., and Marshall, B., 2010, Limited hydrologic response to Pleistocene climate change in deep vadose zones - Yucca Mountain, Nevada: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 300, no. 3-4, p. 287-298, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2010.10.006.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"287","endPage":"298","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243178,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215379,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2010.10.006"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Yucca Mountain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.5,36.83 ], [ -116.5,36.86 ], [ -116.45,36.86 ], [ -116.45,36.83 ], [ -116.5,36.83 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"300","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4791e4b0c8380cd678d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paces, J.B. 0000-0002-9809-8493","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-8493","contributorId":27482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paces","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neymark, L.A. 0000-0003-4190-0278","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4190-0278","contributorId":56673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neymark","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Whelan, J. F.","contributorId":45328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whelan","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wooden, J. L.","contributorId":58678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lund, S.P.","contributorId":98054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lund","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Marshall, B.D.","contributorId":19581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"B.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70035585,"text":"70035585 - 2010 - Mineralogy and the release of trace elements from slag from the Hegeler Zinc smelter, Illinois (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-02T15:22:52","indexId":"70035585","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineralogy and the release of trace elements from slag from the Hegeler Zinc smelter, Illinois (USA)","docAbstract":"Slag from the former Hegeler Zn-smelting facility in Illinois (USA) is mainly composed of spinifex Ca-rich plagioclase, fine-grained dendritic or coarse-grained subhedral to anhedral clinopyroxenes, euhedral to subhedral spinels, spherical blebs of Fe sulfides, silicate glass, and less commonly fayalitic olivine. Mullite and quartz were also identified in one sample as representing remnants of the furnace lining. Secondary phases such as goethite, hematite and gypsum are significant in some samples and reflect surficial weathering of the dump piles or represent byproducts of roasting. A relatively rare Zn-rich material contains anhedral willemite, subhedral gahnite, massive zincite, hardystonite and a Zn sulfate (brianyoungite), among other phases, and likely represents the molten content of the smelting furnace before Zn extraction. The bulk major-element chemistry of most slag samples is dominated by SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 and CaO. The bulk composition of the slag suggests a high viscosity of the melt and the mineralogy suggests a high silica content of the melt. Bulk slag trace-element chemistry shows that the dominant metal is Zn with >28.4 wt.% in the Zn-rich material and between 212 and 14,900 mg/kg in the other slags. The concentrations of other trace elements reach the following: 45 mg/kg As, 1170 mg/kg Ba, 191 mg/kg Cd, 242 mg/kg Co, 103 mg/kg Cr, 6360 mg/kg Cu, 107 mg/kg Ni, and 711 mg/kg Pb.
Zinc, as the dominant metal in the slags, is likely the most environmentally significant metal in these samples; Cd, Cu, and Pb are also of concern and their concentrations exceed US Environmental Protection Agency preliminary remediation goals for residential soils. Spinel was found to be the dominant concentrator of Zn for samples containing significant Zn (>1 wt.%); the silicate glass also contained relatively high concentrations of Zn compared to other phases. Zinc partitioned into the silicates and oxides in these samples is generally more resistant to weathering and therefore less leached when compared to the slag samples with lower bulk Zn concentrations where Zn is likely partitioned into volumetrically minor sulfides. This is confirmed by leachate tests that resulted in low leachate Zn concentrations for samples with Zn partitioned into spinel. In contrast, the concentrations of Zn and SO4 are close to those expected from the dissolution of stoichiometric ZnS in leachates from samples in which the dominant host of Zn is suspected to be sulfides. The fact that Zn and other metals occur commonly as sulfides, which are more reactive than the silicates and oxides into which they dominantly partition according to other slag studies, indicates the Hegeler slag pile may be more of an environmental concern than other slag piles.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.12.001","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Piatak, N., and Seal, R., 2010, Mineralogy and the release of trace elements from slag from the Hegeler Zinc smelter, Illinois (USA): Applied Geochemistry, v. 25, no. 2, p. 302-320, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.12.001.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"302","endPage":"320","numberOfPages":"19","ipdsId":"IP-015367","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244354,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216483,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.12.001"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","volume":"25","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5acae4b0c8380cd6f12a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piatak, Nadine M. 0000-0002-1973-8537 npiatak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1973-8537","contributorId":167138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatak","given":"Nadine M.","email":"npiatak@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":451339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seal, Robert R. II 0000-0003-0901-2529 rseal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0901-2529","contributorId":397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seal","given":"Robert R.","suffix":"II","email":"rseal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70192559,"text":"70192559 - 2010 - Coupled hydrology and biogeochemistry of Paleocene–Eocene coal beds, northern Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-01T12:47:23","indexId":"70192559","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coupled hydrology and biogeochemistry of Paleocene–Eocene coal beds, northern Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"Thirty-six formation waters, gas, and microbial samples were collected and analyzed from natural gas and oil wells producing from the Paleocene to Eocene Wilcox Group coal beds and adjacent sandstones in north-central Louisiana, USA, to investigate the role hydrology plays on the generation and distribution of microbial methane. Major ion chemistry and Cl−Br relations of Wilcox Group formation waters suggest mixing of freshwater with halite-derived brines. High alkalinities (up to 47.8 meq/L), no detectable SO4, and elevated δ13C values of dissolved inorganic carbon (up to 20.5‰ Vienna Peedee belemnite [VPDB]) and CO2 (up to 17.67‰ VPDB) in the Wilcox Group coals and adjacent sandstones indicate the dominance of microbial methanogenesis. The δ13C and δD values of CH4, and carbon isotope fractionation of CO2 and CH4, suggest CO2 reduction is the major methanogenic pathway. Geochemical indicators for methanogenesis drop off significantly at chloride concentrations above ∼1.7 mol/L, suggesting that high salinities inhibit microbial activity at depths greater than ∼1.6 km. Formation waters in the Wilcox Group contain up to 1.6% modern carbon (A14C) to at least 1690 m depth; the covariance of δD values of co-produced H2O and CH4 indicate that the microbial methane was generated in situ with these Late Pleistocene or younger waters. The most enriched carbon isotope values for dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and CO2, and highest alkalinities, were detected in Wilcox Group sandstone reservoirs that were CO2 flooded in the 1980s for enhanced oil recovery, leading to the intriguing hypothesis that CO2 sequestration may actually enhance methanogenesis in organic-rich formations.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B30039.1","usgsCitation":"McIntosh, J.C., Warwick, P.D., Martini, A.M., and Osborn, S.G., 2010, Coupled hydrology and biogeochemistry of Paleocene–Eocene coal beds, northern Gulf of Mexico: GSA Bulletin, v. 122, no. 7-8, p. 1248-1264, https://doi.org/10.1130/B30039.1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1248","endPage":"1264","ipdsId":"IP-012265","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347459,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.031982421875,\n 31.015278981711266\n ],\n [\n -89.307861328125,\n 31.015278981711266\n ],\n [\n -89.307861328125,\n 33.02708758002874\n ],\n [\n -94.031982421875,\n 33.02708758002874\n ],\n [\n -94.031982421875,\n 31.015278981711266\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"122","issue":"7-8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07f62ee4b09af898c8cdf6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McIntosh, Jennifer C. 0000-0001-5055-4202","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5055-4202","contributorId":150557,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIntosh","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warwick, Peter D. 0000-0002-3152-7783 pwarwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-7783","contributorId":762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warwick","given":"Peter","email":"pwarwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":716192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martini, Anna M.","contributorId":192675,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martini","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":35249,"text":"Department of Geology, Amherst College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Osborn, Stephen G.","contributorId":198479,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Osborn","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70146187,"text":"70146187 - 2010 - Three-dimensional benchmark for variable-density flow and transport simulation: matching semi-analytic stability modes for steady unstable convection in an inclined porous box","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-09T10:52:46","indexId":"70146187","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Three-dimensional benchmark for variable-density flow and transport simulation: matching semi-analytic stability modes for steady unstable convection in an inclined porous box","docAbstract":"This benchmark for three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulators of variable-density groundwater flow and solute or energy transport consists of matching simulation results with the semi-analytical solution for the transition from one steady-state convective mode to another in a porous box. Previous experimental and analytical studies of natural convective flow in an inclined porous layer have shown that there are a variety of convective modes possible depending on system parameters, geometry and inclination. In particular, there is a well-defined transition from the helicoidal mode consisting of downslope longitudinal rolls superimposed upon an upslope unicellular roll to a mode consisting of purely an upslope unicellular roll. Three-dimensional benchmarks for variable-density simulators are currently (2009) lacking and comparison of simulation results with this transition locus provides an unambiguous means to test the ability of such simulators to represent steady-state unstable 3D variable-density physics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-009-0556-6","usgsCitation":"Voss, C.I., Simmons, C.T., and Robinson, N.I., 2010, Three-dimensional benchmark for variable-density flow and transport simulation: matching semi-analytic stability modes for steady unstable convection in an inclined porous box: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 18, no. 1, p. 5-23, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-009-0556-6.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"5","endPage":"23","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-015037","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299647,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"552e3a30e4b0b22a157fa0af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voss, Clifford I. 0000-0001-5923-2752 cvoss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-2752","contributorId":1559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Clifford","email":"cvoss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simmons, Craig T.","contributorId":71889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simmons","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":13412,"text":"Flinders University, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Robinson, Neville I.","contributorId":140205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"Neville","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":13412,"text":"Flinders University, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70146201,"text":"70146201 - 2010 - Predictive modeling of transient storage and nutrient uptake: Implications for stream restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-09T10:30:51","indexId":"70146201","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2338,"text":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predictive modeling of transient storage and nutrient uptake: Implications for stream restoration","docAbstract":"This study examined two key aspects of reactive transport modeling for stream restoration purposes: the accuracy of the nutrient spiraling and transient storage models for quantifying reach-scale nutrient uptake, and the ability to quantify transport parameters using measurements and scaling techniques in order to improve upon traditional conservative tracer fitting methods. Nitrate (NO3–) uptake rates inferred using the nutrient spiraling model underestimated the total NO3– mass loss by 82%, which was attributed to the exclusion of dispersion and transient storage. The transient storage model was more accurate with respect to the NO3– mass loss (±20%) and also demonstrated that uptake in the main channel was more significant than in storage zones. Conservative tracer fitting was unable to produce transport parameter estimates for a riffle-pool transition of the study reach, while forward modeling of solute transport using measured/scaled transport parameters matched conservative tracer breakthrough curves for all reaches. Additionally, solute exchange between the main channel and embayment surface storage zones was quantified using first-order theory. These results demonstrate that it is vital to account for transient storage in quantifying nutrient uptake, and the continued development of measurement/scaling techniques is needed for reactive transport modeling of streams with complex hydraulic and geomorphic conditions.
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Although this fault system has accommodated ∼175 km of right-lateral offset since 12 Ma, how this offset is partitioned north of the bay is controversial and important for understanding where and how strain is accommodated along this stretch of the broader San Andreas transform margin. Using gravity and magnetic data, we map these faults, many of which influenced basin formation and volcanism. Continuity of magnetic anomalies in certain areas, such as Napa and Sonoma Valleys, the region north of Napa Valley, and the region south of the Santa Rosa Plain, preclude significant (>10 km) offset. Much of the slip is partitioned around Sonoma and Napa Valleys and onto the Carneros, Rodgers Creek, and Green Valley faults. The absence of correlative magnetic anomalies across the Hayward–Rodgers Creek–Maacama fault system suggests that this system reactivated older basement structures, which appear to influence seismicity patterns in the region.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES00510.1","usgsCitation":"Langenheim, V., Graymer, R.W., Jachens, R.C., McLaughlin, R.J., Wagner, D., and Sweetkind, D.S., 2010, Geophysical framework of the northern San Francisco Bay region, California: Geosphere, v. 6, no. 5, p. 594-620, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00510.1.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"594","endPage":"620","ipdsId":"IP-008075","costCenters":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475903,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00510.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345405,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.1182861328125,\n 37.23470197166817\n ],\n [\n -121.234130859375,\n 37.23470197166817\n ],\n [\n -121.234130859375,\n 38.35888785866677\n ],\n [\n -123.1182861328125,\n 38.35888785866677\n ],\n [\n -123.1182861328125,\n 37.23470197166817\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59aa71dde4b0e9bde130d01c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langenheim, Victoria E. 0000-0003-2170-5213 zulanger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":151042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"Victoria E.","email":"zulanger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graymer, Russell W. 0000-0003-4910-5682 rgraymer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4910-5682","contributorId":1052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graymer","given":"Russell","email":"rgraymer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jachens, Robert C. jachens@usgs.gov","contributorId":1180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"Robert","email":"jachens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McLaughlin, Robert J. 0000-0002-4390-2288 rjmcl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4390-2288","contributorId":1428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"Robert","email":"rjmcl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wagner, D.L.","contributorId":49178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sweetkind, Donald S. 0000-0003-0892-4796 dsweetkind@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0892-4796","contributorId":139913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweetkind","given":"Donald","email":"dsweetkind@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70193281,"text":"70193281 - 2010 - Maintenance of Eastern hemlock forests: Factors associated with hemlock vulnerability to hemlock woolly adelgid","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T14:27:03","indexId":"70193281","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Maintenance of Eastern hemlock forests: Factors associated with hemlock vulnerability to hemlock woolly adelgid","docAbstract":"Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis [L.]) is the most shade-tolerant and long-lived tree species in eastern North America. The hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) (HWA), is a nonnative invasive insect that feeds on eastern hemlock and Carolina hemlock (Tsuga caroliniana Engelm.). HWA currently is established in 17 eastern states and is causing tree decline and wide-ranging tree mortality. Our data from West Virginia and Pennsylvania suggest that hemlock crown vigor (a ranking of amount of live crown) relates to a predictable pattern of hemlock vulnerability at light and moderate levels of HWA infestation. We found that crown variables, such as live crown ratio and crown density and transparency, are accurate predictors of hemlock decline; more vigorous trees appear to be less vulnerable to HWA. Thus, silvicultural thinning treatments may be a means for reducing stand densities and increasing crown vigor in colder areas where climate may slow HWA spread.
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The northeast end of the Lake Mead fault system in the Virgin Mountains of southeast Nevada and northwest Arizona forms a partitioned strain field comprising kinematically linked northeast-striking left-lateral faults, north-striking normal faults, and northwest-striking right-lateral faults. Major faults bound large structural blocks whose internal strain reflects their position within a left step-over of the left-lateral faults. Two north-striking large-displacement normal faults, the Lakeside Mine segment of the South Virgin–White Hills detachment fault and the Piedmont fault, intersect the left step-over from the southwest and northeast, respectively. The left step-over in the Lake Mead fault system therefore corresponds to a right-step in the regional normal fault system.
Within the left step-over, displacement transfer between the left-lateral faults and linked normal faults occurs near their junctions, where the left-lateral faults become oblique and normal fault displacement decreases away from the junction. Southward from the center of the step-over in the Virgin Mountains, down-to-the-west normal faults splay northward from left-lateral faults, whereas north and east of the center, down-to-the-east normal faults splay southward from left-lateral faults. Minimum slip is thus in the central part of the left step-over, between east-directed slip to the north and west-directed slip to the south. Attenuation faults parallel or subparallel to bedding cut Lower Paleozoic rocks and are inferred to be early structures that accommodated footwall uplift during the initial stages of extension.
Fault-slip data indicate oblique extensional strain within the left step-over in the South Virgin Mountains, manifested as east-west extension; shortening is partitioned between vertical for extension-dominated structural blocks and south-directed for strike-slip faults. Strike-slip faults are oblique to the extension direction due to structural inheritance from NE-striking fabrics in Proterozoic crystalline basement rocks.
We hypothesize that (1) during early phases of deformation oblique extension was partitioned to form east-west–extended domains bounded by left-lateral faults of the Lake Mead fault system, from ca. 16 to 14 Ma. (2) Beginning ca. 13 Ma, increased south-directed shortening impinged on the Virgin Mountains and forced uplift, faulting, and overturning along the north and west side of the Virgin Mountains. (3) By ca. 10 Ma, initiation of the younger Hen Spring to Hamblin Bay fault segment of the Lake Mead fault system accommodated westward tectonic escape, and the focus of south-directed shortening transferred to the western Lake Mead region. The shift from early partitioned oblique extension to south-directed shortening may have resulted from initiation of right-lateral shear of the eastern Walker Lane to the west coupled with left-lateral shear along the eastern margin of the Great Basin.
Landbirds are the most abundant and diverse group of birds in North America, with nearly 900 species distributed across every major terrestrial habitat. Birds are indicators of environmental health; their populations track changes in habitat, water, disease, and climate. They are providers of invaluable ecosystem services, such as pest control, seed dispersal, and pollination. As the focus of bird watching, they help generate billions of dollars for national economies. Yet, we are in danger of losing this spectacular and irreplaceable bird diversity: landbirds are experiencing significant declines, ominous threats, and shrinking habitats across a continent with growing human populations, increasing resource consumption, and changing climate.
Saving Our Shared Birds presents for the first time a comprehensive conservation assessment of landbirds in Canada, Mexico, and the continental United States. This new tri-national vision encompasses the complete range of many migratory species and highlights the vital links among migrants and highly threatened resident species in Mexico. It points to a set of continent-scale actions necessary to maintain the landbird diversity and abundance that are our shared responsibility.
This collaborative effort of Partners in Flight (PIF) is the next step in linking the countries of the Western Hemisphere to help species at risk and keep common birds common through voluntary partnerships—our mission since 1990. Saving Our Shared Birds builds upon PIF’s 2004 North American Landbird Conservation Plan, which presented science-based priorities for the conservation of 448 landbird species in Canada and the United States.
Our three nations have expressed their commitment to cooperative conservation through numerous international treaties, agreements, and programs, including formation of the North American Bird Conservation Initiative (NABCI) a decade ago. The NABCI partnership recognizes that effective conservation requires a concerted effort within each country, as well as a tri-national strategy to address issues throughout the full life cycles of our birds.
Today more than ever, it is urgent for the people of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to work together to keep common birds common, prevent extinction of our bird species at greatest risk, and ensure the diversity and abundance of birdlife across North America and throughout the hemisphere, far into the future. Saving Our Shared Birds shows the way forward.
","language":"English","publisher":"Partners in Flight","usgsCitation":"Berlanga, H., Kennedy, J.A., Rich, T.D., Arizmendi, M.D., Beardmore, C.J., Blancher, P.J., Butcher, G.S., Couturier, A.R., Dayer, A.A., Demarest, D.W., Easton, W.E., Gustafson, M., Inigo-Elias, E.E., Krebs, E.A., Panjabi, A.O., Rodriguez Contreras, V., Rosenberg, K.V., Ruth, J.M., Santana Castellon, E., Vidal, R., and Will, T., 2010, Saving our shared birds: Partners in Flight tri-national vision for landbird conservation, 49 p.","productDescription":"49 p.","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329367,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":329366,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.savingoursharedbirds.org/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7c08ae4b0bc0bec09c7d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berlanga, 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