Significant upward trends in dissolved-solids concentrations were detected with the Seasonal Kendall Test for trends at three stations in the upper basin during the study period. The increases exceeded 270 milligrams per liter per year at two stations and 165 milligrams per liter per year at the third station.
\nThe composition of dissolved constituents in the Colorado River basin changes from predominantly sodium and chloride ions in the upper basin to predominantly calcium and bicarbonate ions in the lower basin. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency secondary drinking-water regulations of 500 milligrams per liter for total dissolved solids was exceeded 95 percent of the time at each station on the main stem of the Colorado River in the upper basin. In the middle Colorado River basin, the Environmental Protection Agency secondary drinking-water regulations for total dissolved solids was exceeded approximately 95 percent of the time at most stations.
\nNutrient concentrations in the Colorado River basin generally were low. Only one sample exceeded the level set for nitrate nitrogen, and no other nutrient species exceeded Environmental Protection Agency levels. A general upward trend was detected in organic nitrogen and total nitrogen, but concentrations still remained low.
\nDensities of fecal-col iform and fecal-streptococcal bacteria ranged from less than 1 colony per 100 milliliters to 26,000 colonies per 100 milliliters and 1 colony per 100 milliliters to 50,000 colonies per 100 milliliters, respectively. Fecal-coliform densities exceeded Environmental Protection Agency criteria for public water supply (2,000 colonies per 100 milliliters) at several stations during the study.
\nBiochemical oxygen demand concentrations ranged from 0.00 to 34 milligrams per liter. Only one mean biochemical oxygen demand concentration exceeded 8 milligrams per liter, the upper range of concentration common in moderately contaminated streams.
\nTrace elements and pesticides were detected in many samples throughout the basin. The concentrations generally were low, and maximum contaminant levels rarely were exceeded.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri854181","usgsCitation":"Andrews, F.L., and Schertz, T.L., 1986, Statistical summary and evaluation of the quality of surface water in the Colorado River basin, 1973-82 water years: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4181, Report: vi, 97 p.; 1 Plate: 21.78 x 10.92 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854181.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 97 p.; 1 Plate: 21.78 x 10.92 inches","numberOfPages":"102","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":54694,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4181/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54695,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4181/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":404276,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36335.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":157165,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4181/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 33\n ],\n [\n -102,\n 33\n ],\n [\n -102,\n 29\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e478ee4b07f02db489f60","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andrews, Freeman L.","contributorId":91486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"Freeman","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schertz, Terry L. tschertz@usgs.gov","contributorId":188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schertz","given":"Terry","email":"tschertz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26445,"text":"wri864073 - 1986 - General surface- and ground-water quality in a coal-resource area near Durango, southwestern Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-06T21:15:32.451149","indexId":"wri864073","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4073","title":"General surface- and ground-water quality in a coal-resource area near Durango, southwestern Colorado","docAbstract":"A general description of surface and groundwater quality in a coal-resource area near Durango, southwestern Colorado is given. Dissolved-solids concentrations were less than 1,000 mg/l in streams, except in the Alkali Gulch, Basin Creek, and Carbon Junction Canyon drainage basins. Median concentrations of dissolved boron, iron, manganese, and zinc were less than 35 microg/l; median concentrations of dissolved lead and selenium were less than 1 microg/l.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri864073","usgsCitation":"Butler, D.L., 1986, General surface- and ground-water quality in a coal-resource area near Durango, southwestern Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4073, Report: iv, 53 p.; 1 Plate: 46.80 x 19.55 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864073.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 53 p.; 1 Plate: 46.80 x 19.55 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":55268,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4073/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":118686,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4073/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55267,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4073/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":110168,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36529.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"36529"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Durango","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.25,\n 37.375\n ],\n [\n -108.333,\n 37.375\n ],\n [\n -108.333,\n 37.125\n ],\n [\n -107.25,\n 37.125\n ],\n [\n -107.25,\n 37.375\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b26e4b07f02db6af967","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butler, D. L.","contributorId":36967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26215,"text":"wri854191 - 1986 - Regionalization of low-flow characteristics of Tennessee streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:31","indexId":"wri854191","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4191","title":"Regionalization of low-flow characteristics of Tennessee streams","docAbstract":"Procedures for estimating 3-day 2-year, 3-day 10-year, 3-day 20-year, and 7-day 10-year low flows at ungaged stream sites in Tennessee are based on surface geology and drainage area size. One set of equations applies to west Tennessee streams, and another set applies to central and east Tennessee streams. The equations do not apply to streams where flow is significantly altered by activities of man. Standard errors of estimate of equations for west Tennessee are 24 to 32% and for central and east Tennessee 31 to 35%. Streamflow recession indexes, in days/log cycle, are used to account for effects of geology of the drainage basin on low flow of streams. The indexes in Tennessee range from 32 days/log cycle for clay and shale to 350 days/log cycle for gravel and sand, indicating different aquifer characteristics of the geologic units that sustain streamflows during periods of no surface runoff. Streamflow recession rate depends primarily on transmissivity and storage characteristics of the aquifers, and the average distance from stream channels to basin divides. Geology and drainage basin size are the most significant variables affecting low flow in Tennessee streams according to regression analyses. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854191","usgsCitation":"Bingham, R., 1986, Regionalization of low-flow characteristics of Tennessee streams: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4191, iv, 63 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854191.","productDescription":"iv, 63 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2110,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri85-4191","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":158058,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":55010,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4191/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55011,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4191/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c41f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bingham, R.H.","contributorId":37301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bingham","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26216,"text":"wri864007 - 1986 - Regionalization of winter low-flow characteristics of Tennessee streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:31","indexId":"wri864007","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4007","title":"Regionalization of winter low-flow characteristics of Tennessee streams","docAbstract":"Procedures were developed for estimating winter (December-April) low flows at ungaged stream sites in Tennessee based on surface geology and drainage area size. One set of equations applies to West Tennessee streams, and another set applies to Middle and East Tennessee streams. The equations do not apply to streams where flow is significantly altered by the activities of man. Standard errors of estimate of equations for West Tennessee are 22% - 35% and for middle and East Tennessee 31% - 36%. Statistical analyses indicate that summer low-flow characteristics are the same as annual low-flow characteristics, and that winter low flows are larger than annual low flows. Streamflow-recession indexes, in days per log cycle of decrease in discharge, were used to account for effects of geology on low flow of streams. The indexes in Tennessee range from 32 days/log cycle for clay and shale to 350 days/log cycle for gravel and sand, indicating different aquifer characteristics of the geologic units that contribute to streamflows during periods of no surface runoff. Streamflow-recession rate depends primarily on transmissivity and storage characteristics of the aquifers, and the average distance from stream channels to basin divides. Geology and drainage basin size are the most significant variables affecting low flow in Tennessee streams according to regression analyses. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864007","usgsCitation":"Bingham, R., 1986, Regionalization of winter low-flow characteristics of Tennessee streams: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4007, v, 88 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864007.","productDescription":"v, 88 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158059,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4007/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55012,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4007/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55013,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4007/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55014,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4007/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602d47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bingham, R.H.","contributorId":37301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bingham","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":25512,"text":"wri864133 - 1986 - Flow testing of the Newberry 2 research drillhole, Newberry volcano, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:20","indexId":"wri864133","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4133","title":"Flow testing of the Newberry 2 research drillhole, Newberry volcano, Oregon","docAbstract":"A 20 hour flow test of the Newberry 2 research drillhole at Newberry Volcano produced about 33,000 kilograms of fluid. The flow rate declined from about 0.8 kilograms per sec to less than 0.3 kilograms per sec during the course of the test. The mass ratio of liquid water to vapor was about 3:2 at the separator and stayed fairly constant throughout the test. The vapor phase was about half steam and half CO2 by weight. The average enthalpy of the steam/water mixture at the separator was about 1 ,200 kilojoules per kilogram. Because of the low flow rate and the large temperature gradient into the surrounding rocks, heat loss from the wellbore was high; a simple conductive model gives overall losses of about 1,200 kilojoules per kilogram of H2O produced. The actual heat loss may have been even higher due to convective effects, and it is likely that the fluid entering the bottom of the wellbore was largely or entirely steam and CO2. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864133","usgsCitation":"Ingebritsen, S.E., Carothers, W., Mariner, R.H., Gudmundsson, J., and Sammel, E., 1986, Flow testing of the Newberry 2 research drillhole, Newberry volcano, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4133, v, 23 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864133.","productDescription":"v, 23 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":126433,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4133/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54229,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4133/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de7fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ingebritsen, S. E.","contributorId":8078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingebritsen","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carothers, W.W.","contributorId":43803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carothers","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mariner, Robert H.","contributorId":81075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mariner","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gudmundsson, J.S.","contributorId":103315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gudmundsson","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sammel, E.A.","contributorId":59480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sammel","given":"E.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":26396,"text":"wri844241 - 1986 - Water resources of Yankton County, South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:27","indexId":"wri844241","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4241","title":"Water resources of Yankton County, South Dakota","docAbstract":"The major surface-water sources in Yankton County, South Dakota are Lewis and Clark Lake, Marindahl and Beaver Lakes, and the Missouri and James Rivers. The James River has an average flow of 375 cu ft/sec and the Missouri River at Yankton has an average flow of 26,410 cu ft/sec. Major aquifers are the Dakota, the Niobrara, and the Lower James-Missouri glacial outwash. Depth to the Dakota aquifer, which underlies the entire county, ranges from about 300 to more than 500 ft below land surface. Wells completed in this artesian aquifer below altitudes of 1 ,260 ft will flow from 3 to 60 gallons/min at the land surface when properly constructed. Recharge is by subsurface inflow from the west. The water is a calcium sulfate type and is suitable in most cases for domestic, livestock, and irrigation uses. The Niobrara aquifer, which underlies the northeast and southwest parts of the county, may be under artesian or water-table conditions. Well yields vary but usually are suitable only for domestic use. Recharge to the northeast part of the aquifer is from precipitation infiltrating the overlying glacial deposits. The southwest part receives recharge as subsurface inflow from the west and from precipitation. The water is a magnesium sulfate type. The Lower James-Missouri aquifer underlies almost 50% of the county. Water in the aquifer is present under both artesian and water-table conditions. Wells can be expected to yield at least 1,000 gallons/min. Recharge is from subsurface inflow from the north and west, the Missouri River to the south, and from precipitation. The water is predominantly calcium sodium sulfate type, and specific conductance and hardness average 1,910 micromhs and 870 milligrams/L, respectively. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844241","usgsCitation":"Bugliosi, E., 1986, Water resources of Yankton County, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4241, v, 41 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844241.","productDescription":"v, 41 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123384,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4241/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55189,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4241/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa1ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bugliosi, E. F.","contributorId":70738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bugliosi","given":"E. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26205,"text":"wri864193 - 1986 - Comparison of flume and towing methods for verifying the calibration of a suspended-sediment sampler","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-05T11:08:38","indexId":"wri864193","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4193","title":"Comparison of flume and towing methods for verifying the calibration of a suspended-sediment sampler","docAbstract":"Suspended-sediment samplers must sample isokinetically (at stream velocity) in order to collect representative water samples of rivers. Each sampler solo by the Federal Interagency Sedimentation Project or by the U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility has been adjusted to sample isokinetically and tested in a flume to verify the calibration. The test program for a modified U.S. P-61 sampler provided an opportunity to compare flume and towing tank tests. Although the two tests yielded statistically distinct results, the difference between them was quite small. The conclusion is that verifying the calibration of any suspended-sediment sampler by either the flume or towing method should give acceptable results.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Minneapolis, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri864193","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, U.S. Forest Service, U.S. Bureau of Land Management, and the U.S. Federal Highways Admininstration","usgsCitation":"Beverage, J., and Futrell, J., 1986, Comparison of flume and towing methods for verifying the calibration of a suspended-sediment sampler: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4193, v, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864193.","productDescription":"v, 12 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":55000,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4193/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":126635,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4193/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae3b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beverage, J.P.","contributorId":44120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beverage","given":"J.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Futrell, J.C.","contributorId":32953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Futrell","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26229,"text":"wri844226 - 1986 - Quality of stormwater runoff in the Blue River basin, Missouri and Kansas, July-October 1981 and April-July 1982","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:32","indexId":"wri844226","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4226","title":"Quality of stormwater runoff in the Blue River basin, Missouri and Kansas, July-October 1981 and April-July 1982","docAbstract":"Stormwater-runoff sampling was done at three mainstem stations on the Blue River, Missouri, and three stations on urban tributaries. Concentrations of lead, iron, manganese, zinc, and ammonia nitrogen consistently exceeded Missouri water-quality standards. Many constituents were significantly correlated with large concentrations of suspended sediment from the agricultural areas in the upstream part of the basin. However, mean concentrations of lead increased 200% and mean concentrations of zinc increased 100% in the urban reach of Blue River for some storms. Combined sewer overflows along Brush Creek, one of the urban tributaries, caused large concentrations of nutrients, suspended sediment, metals, and 5-day biochemical oxygen demand in the initial runoff. After extended dry periods, surface flushing caused concentrations of lead and zinc to be largest during initial runoff at all three urban tributaries. However, large flushes of most constituents were not detected at the mainstem stations. The large percentage of impervious surfaces and lined channels in urban areas caused increased volumes of runoff per unit of drainage area and limited the availability of sediment to streams. Consequently, concentrations of most constituents were small, but the loads per unit of drainage area were large when compared with those in Blue River. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey ;\r\nOpen-File Services Section, Western Distribution Branch, U.S. Geological Survey [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri844226","usgsCitation":"Blevins, D.W., 1986, Quality of stormwater runoff in the Blue River basin, Missouri and Kansas, July-October 1981 and April-July 1982: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4226, ix, 131 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844226.","productDescription":"ix, 131 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158080,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4226/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55029,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4226/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a71e4b07f02db641e94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blevins, D. W.","contributorId":75940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blevins","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26236,"text":"wri864127 - 1986 - Rock riprap design for protection of stream channels near highway structures; Volume 1, Hydraulic characteristics of open channels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:24","indexId":"wri864127","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4127","title":"Rock riprap design for protection of stream channels near highway structures; Volume 1, Hydraulic characteristics of open channels","docAbstract":"Volume I discusses the hydraulic and channel properties of streams, based on data from several hundred sites. Streamflow and geomorphic data have been collected and developed to indicate the range in hydraulic factors typical of open channels , to assist design, maintenance, and construction engineers in preparing rock riprap bank protection. Typical channels were found to have maximum-to-mean depth ratio of 1.55 and a ratio of hydraulic radius to mean depth of 0.98, which is independent of width. Most stable channel characteristics for a given discharge are slope, maximum depth, and hydraulic radius. (See also W89-04911) (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864127","usgsCitation":"Blodgett, J.C., 1986, Rock riprap design for protection of stream channels near highway structures; Volume 1, Hydraulic characteristics of open channels: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4127, vi, 60 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864127.","productDescription":"vi, 60 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157568,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4127/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55036,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4127/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0fe4b07f02db5fe7a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blodgett, J. C.","contributorId":32154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blodgett","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26237,"text":"wri864128 - 1986 - Rock riprap design for protection of stream channels near highway structures; Volume 2, Evaluation of Riprap design procedures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:24","indexId":"wri864128","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4128","title":"Rock riprap design for protection of stream channels near highway structures; Volume 2, Evaluation of Riprap design procedures","docAbstract":"In volume 2, seven procedures now being used for design of rock riprap installations were evaluated using data from 26 field sites. Four basic types of riprap failures were identified: Particle erosion, translational slide, modified slump, and slump. Factors associated with riprap failure include stone size , bank side slope, size gradation, thickness, insufficient toe or endwall, failure of the bank material, overtopping during floods, and geomorphic changes in the channel. A review of field data and the design procedures suggests that estimates of hydraulic forces acting on the boundary based on flow velocity rather than shear stress are more reliable. Several adjustments for local conditions, such as channel curvature, superelevation, or boundary roughness, may be unwarranted in view of the difficulty in estimating critical hydraulic forces for which the riprap is to be designed. Success of the riprap is related not only to the appropriate procedure for selecting stone size, but also to the reliability of estimated hydraulic and channel factors applicable to the site. (See also W89-04910) (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864128","usgsCitation":"Blodgett, J.C., and McConaughy, C., 1986, Rock riprap design for protection of stream channels near highway structures; Volume 2, Evaluation of Riprap design procedures: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4128, viii, 95 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864128.","productDescription":"viii, 95 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157569,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4128/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55037,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4128/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0fe4b07f02db5feab1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blodgett, J. C.","contributorId":32154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blodgett","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McConaughy, C.E.","contributorId":43776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McConaughy","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26241,"text":"wri864039 - 1986 - Theoretical technique for predicting the cumulative impact of iron and manganese oxidation in streams receiving discharge from coal mines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-06T14:20:33","indexId":"wri864039","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4039","title":"Theoretical technique for predicting the cumulative impact of iron and manganese oxidation in streams receiving discharge from coal mines","docAbstract":"Two U.S. Geological Survey computer programs are modified and linked to predict the cumulative impact of iron and manganese oxidation in coal-mine discharge water on the dissolved chemical quality of a receiving stream. The coupled programs calculate the changes in dissolved iron, dissolved manganese, and dissolved oxygen concentrations; alkalinity; and, pH of surface water downstream from the point of discharge. First, the one-dimensional, stead-state stream, water quality program uses a dissolved oxygen model to calculate the changes in concentration of elements as a function of the chemical reaction rates and time-of-travel. Second, a program (PHREEQE) combining pH, reduction-oxidation potential, and equilibrium equations uses an aqueous-ion association model to determine the saturation indices and to calculate pH; it then mixes the discharge with a receiving stream. The kinetic processes of the first program dominate the system, whereas the equilibrium thermodynamics of the second define the limits of the reactions. A comprehensive test of the technique was not possible because a complete set of data was unavailable. However, the cumulative impact of representative discharges from several coal mines on stream quality in a small watershed in southwestern Indiana was simulated to illustrate the operation of the technique and to determine its sensitivity to changes in physical, chemical, and kinetic parameters. Mine discharges averaged 2 cu ft/sec, with a pH of 6.0, and concentrations of 7.0 mg/L dissolved iron, 4.0 mg/L dissolved manganese, and 8.08 mg/L dissolved oxygen. The receiving stream discharge was 2 cu ft/sec, with a pH of 7.0, and concentrations of 0.1 mg/L dissolved iron, 0.1 mg/L dissolved manganese, and 8.70 mg/L dissolved oxygen. Results of the simulations indicated the following cumulative impact on the receiving stream from five discharges as compared with the effect from one discharge: 0.30 unit decrease in pH, 1.82 mg/L increase in dissolved iron, 1.50 mg/L increase in dissolved manganese, and 0.24 mg/L decrease in dissolved oxygen concentration.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri864039","usgsCitation":"Bobay, K.E., 1986, Theoretical technique for predicting the cumulative impact of iron and manganese oxidation in streams receiving discharge from coal mines: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4039, iv, 29 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864039.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157629,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4039/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55042,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4039/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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States\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4c5f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bobay, Keith E.","contributorId":66733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bobay","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26243,"text":"wri864086 - 1986 - The SALT NORM : a quantitative chemical-mineralogical characterization of natural waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:25","indexId":"wri864086","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4086","title":"The SALT NORM : a quantitative chemical-mineralogical characterization of natural waters","docAbstract":"The new computer program SNORM calculates the salt norm from the chemical composition of a natural water. The salt norm is the quantitative ideal equilibrium assemblage that would crystallize if the water evaporated to dryness at 25 C and 1 bar pressure under atmospheric partial pressure of CO2. SNORM proportions solute concentrations to achieve charge balance. It quantitatively distributes the 18 acceptable solutes into normative salts that are assigned from 63 possible normative salts to allow only stable associations based on the Gibbs Phase Rule, available free energy values, and observed low-temperature mineral associations. Although most natural water compositions represent multiple solute origins, results from SNORM identify three major categories: meteoric or weathering waters that are characterized by normative alkali-bearing sulfate and carbonate salts: connate marine-like waters that are chloride-rich with a halite-bischofite-carnallite-kieserite-anhydrite association; and diagenetic waters that are frequently of marine origin but yield normative salts, such as Ca-bearing chlorides (antarcticite and tachyhydrite) and sylvite, which suggest solute alteration by secondary mineral reactions. The solute source or reaction process within each of the above categories is commonly indicated by the presence or absence of diagnostic normative salts and their relative abundance in the normative salt assemblage. For example, salt norms: (1) may identify lithologic source; (2) may identify the relative roles of carbonic and sulfuric acid hydrolysis in the evolution of weathering waters; (3) may identify the origin of connate water from normal marine, hypersaline, or evaporite salt resolution processes; and (4) may distinguish between dolomitization and silicate hydrolysis or exchange for the origin of diagenetic waters. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864086","usgsCitation":"Bodine, M.W., and Jones, B.F., 1986, The SALT NORM : a quantitative chemical-mineralogical characterization of natural waters: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4086, vi, 130 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864086.","productDescription":"vi, 130 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157631,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4086/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55043,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4086/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67ac4b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bodine, Marc W. Jr.","contributorId":25974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodine","given":"Marc","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Blair F. bfjones@usgs.gov","contributorId":2784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Blair","email":"bfjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":196047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":3242,"text":"cir972 - 1986 - Bibliography on ground water in glacial-aquifer systems in the Northeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:21","indexId":"cir972","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"972","title":"Bibliography on ground water in glacial-aquifer systems in the Northeastern United States","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey established the Regional Aquifer-System Analysis (RASA) program to evaluate major interconnected aquifers or groups of aquifers that share similar characteristics within a region. One of the objectives of the Northeastern Glacial RASA is to provide information on the occurrence and quality of ground water in glacial deposits in ten States: Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. To help meet the objectives of the RASA program, an automated bibliographic data base was developed. The data base contains references to ground-water resources of glacial-aquifer systems in the ten States listed above. This bibliography contains more than 700 ground-water related references that date from 1839 through 1984. The bibliography lists books, journal articles, conference proceedings, government and other technical reports, theses, and maps. Unpublished manuscripts, publications in press, newspaper articles, and book reviews are omitted from the bibliography.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir972","usgsCitation":"Wiltshire, D.A., Lyford, F.P., and Cohen, A., 1986, Bibliography on ground water in glacial-aquifer systems in the Northeastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 972, iii, 26 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir972.","productDescription":"iii, 26 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124823,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1986/0972/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30238,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1986/0972/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ce4b07f02db6260b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiltshire, Denise A.","contributorId":78717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiltshire","given":"Denise","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyford, Forest P.","contributorId":43334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyford","given":"Forest","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cohen, A.J.","contributorId":95042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":4308,"text":"cir1010 - 1986 - Goals of the U.S. Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:30","indexId":"cir1010","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1010","title":"Goals of the U.S. Geological Survey","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir1010","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1986, Goals of the U.S. Geological Survey: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1010, v, 17 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1010.","productDescription":"v, 17 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123270,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1986/1010/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31419,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1986/1010/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abde4b07f02db674201","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":3330,"text":"cir974 - 1986 - USGS research on energy resources, 1986; program and abstracts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-23T12:09:20","indexId":"cir974","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"974","title":"USGS research on energy resources, 1986; program and abstracts","docAbstract":"The extended abstracts in this volume are summaries of the papers presented orally and as posters in the second V. E. McKelvey Forum on Mineral and Energy Resources, entitled \"USGS Research on Energy Resources-1986.\" The Forum has been established to improve communication between the USGS and the earth science community by presenting the results of current USGS research on nonrenewable resources in a timely fashion and by providing an opportunity for individuals from other organizations to meet informally with USGS scientists and managers. It is our hope that the McKelvey Forum will help to make USGS programs more responsive to the needs of the earth science community, particularly the mining and petroleum industries, and Win foster closer cooperation between organizations and individuals.
The Forum was named after former Director Vincent E. McKelvey in recognition of his lifelong contributions to research, development, and administration in mineral and energy resources, as a scientist, as Chief Geologist, and as Director of the U.S. Geological Survey. The Forum will be an annual event, and its subject matter will alternate between mineral and energy resources. We expect that the format will change somewhat from year to year as various approaches are tried, but its primary purpose will remain the same: to encourage direct communication between USGS scientists and the representatives of other earth-science related organizations.
Energy programs of the USGS include oil and gas, coal, geothermal, uranium-thorium, and oil shale; work in these programs spans the national domain, including surveys of the offshore Exclusive Economic Zone. The topics selected for presentation at this McKelvey Forum represent an overview of the scientific breadth of USGS research on energy resources. They include aspects of petroleum occurrence in Eastern United States rift basins, the origin of magnetic anomalies over oil fields, accreted terranes and energy-resource implications, coal quality, geothermal energy sources, integrated geology and chemistry in uranium-deposit studies, and interpretations of sea-floor geology seen in reconnaissance-scale sidescan-sonar mosaics of the Gulf of Mexico and west coast Exclusive Economic Zone. Data are presented that are being used in building models of geothermal energy settings, basin histories, and the occurrence of energy resources. In addition to the technical sessions presenting the results of USGS research, each congressionally mandated USGS Mineral Resource Program has a display outlining plans and progress.
We are all excited about this continuing opportunity to disseminate and discuss our research with our colleagues in industry and academia, and we welcome your suggestions on improving this series of Forums.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir974","usgsCitation":"1986, USGS research on energy resources, 1986; program and abstracts: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 974, xii, 84 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir974.","productDescription":"xii, 84 p.","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":30339,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1986/0974/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":117963,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1986/0974/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f94f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Carter, Lorna M.H.","contributorId":37260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Lorna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730049,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":4521,"text":"cir983 - 1986 - 1986 annual report on Alaska's mineral resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:43","indexId":"cir983","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"983","title":"1986 annual report on Alaska's mineral resources","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir983","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1986, 1986 annual report on Alaska's mineral resources: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 983, v, 47 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir983.","productDescription":"v, 47 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117548,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1986/0983/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31579,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1986/0983/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4914e4b0b290850eeddf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":4096,"text":"cir1005 - 1986 - Water Resources Division in the 1980's; a summary of activities and programs of the U.S. Geological Survey's Water Resources Division, 1986","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:39","indexId":"cir1005","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1005","title":"Water Resources Division in the 1980's; a summary of activities and programs of the U.S. Geological Survey's Water Resources Division, 1986","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir1005","usgsCitation":"Cardin, C., Moore, J.E., and Rubin, J.M., 1986, Water Resources Division in the 1980's; a summary of activities and programs of the U.S. Geological Survey's Water Resources Division, 1986: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1005, iv, 80 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1005.","productDescription":"iv, 80 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121268,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1986/1005/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31200,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1986/1005/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa4fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cardin, C. William","contributorId":107681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cardin","given":"C. William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, John E.","contributorId":33688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rubin, Joan M.","contributorId":51281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"Joan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":4727,"text":"twri03A12 - 1986 - Fluorometric procedures for dye tracing","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":11690,"text":"ofr84234 - 1984 - Fluorometric procedures for dye tracing","indexId":"ofr84234","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Fluorometric procedures for dye tracing"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":4727,"text":"twri03A12 - 1986 - Fluorometric procedures for dye tracing","indexId":"twri03A12","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Fluorometric procedures for dye tracing"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:32","indexId":"twri03A12","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":336,"text":"Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations","code":"TWRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"03-A12","title":"Fluorometric procedures for dye tracing","docAbstract":"This manual describes the current fluorometric procedures\r\nused by the U.S. Geological Survey in dye tracer studies such\r\nas time of travel, dispersion, reaeration, and dilution-type discharge\r\nmeasurements. The advantages of dye tracing are (1)\r\nlow detection and measurement limits and (2) simplicity and\r\naccuracy in measuring dye tracer concentrations using\r\nfluorometric techniques.\r\nThe manual contains necessary background information\r\nabout fluorescence, dyes, and fluorometers and a description\r\nof fluorometric operation and calibration procedures as a\r\nguide for laboratory and field use. The background information\r\nshould be useful to anyone wishing to experiment with\r\ndyes, fluorometer components, or procedures different from\r\nthose described. In addition, a brief section on aerial photography\r\nis included because of its possible use to supplement\r\nground-level fluorometry.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;For sale by the Books and Open-File Reports Section, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/twri03A12","issn":"0565-596X","usgsCitation":"Wilson, J.F., Cobb, E.D., and Kilpatrick, F.A., 1986, Fluorometric procedures for dye tracing (Revision - 1986): U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations 03-A12, x, 34 p. :ill ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/twri03A12.","productDescription":"x, 34 p. :ill ;26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139108,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":355,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/twri/twri3-a12/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Revision - 1986","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cce4b07f02db54411a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, James F.","contributorId":84737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cobb, Ernest D.","contributorId":25139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cobb","given":"Ernest","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kilpatrick, F. A.","contributorId":22319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kilpatrick","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":3953,"text":"cir973 - 1986 - Hydrogeologic factors in the selection of shallow land burial sites for the disposal of low-level radioactive waste","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:33","indexId":"cir973","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"973","title":"Hydrogeologic factors in the selection of shallow land burial sites for the disposal of low-level radioactive waste","docAbstract":"In the United States, low-level radioactive waste is disposed of by shallow land burial. Commercial low-level radioactive waste has been buried at six sites, and low-level radioactive waste generated by the Federal Government has been buried at nine major and several minor sites. Several existing low-level radioactive waste sites have not provided expected protection of the environment. These shortcomings are related, at least in part, to an inadequate understanding of site hydrogeology at the time the sites were selected. \r\n\r\nTo better understand the natural systems and the effect of hydrogeologic factors on long-term site performance, the U.S. Geological Survey has conducted investigations at five of the six commercial low-level radioactive waste sites and at three Federal sites. These studies, combined with those of other Federal and State agencies, have identified and confirmed important hydrogeologic factors in the effective disposal of low-level radioactive waste by shallow land burial. These factors include precipitation, surface drainage, topography, site stability, geology, thickness of the host soil-rock horizon, soil and sediment permeability, soil and water chemistry, and depth to the water table.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir973","usgsCitation":"Fischer, J.N., 1986, Hydrogeologic factors in the selection of shallow land burial sites for the disposal of low-level radioactive waste: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 973, iv, 22 p. :ill., maps ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir973.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p. :ill., maps ;26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117407,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1986/0973/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31040,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1986/0973/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db6280cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fischer, John N.","contributorId":19939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":4377,"text":"cir1002 - 1986 - Regional Aquifer-System Analysis Program of the U.S. Geological Survey: Summary of projects, 1978-84","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-22T12:18:12","indexId":"cir1002","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1002","title":"Regional Aquifer-System Analysis Program of the U.S. Geological Survey: Summary of projects, 1978-84","docAbstract":"The Regional Aquifer-System Analysis Program of the U.S. Geological Survey was initiated in 1978 as a result of specifications of the appropriations bill of the 95th Congress, prompted by the 1977 drought. The purpose of this program is to define the regional hydrology and geology and to establish a framework of background information of geology, hydrology, and geochemistry of the Nation's important aquifer systems. This information is critically needed to develop an understanding of ground-water flow systems, and to support better ground-water resources management.
As of 1984, investigations of seven regional aquifer systems were completed, nine regional aquifer systems were still being studied, and three new studies were started. This report summarizes the status of each investigation of the regional aquifer systems under the program from 1978 through 1984. The nature of the summaries differs somewhat from study to study. For those studies which either have been completed or are near completion, summaries of results are presented. For projects that are not near completion or have just been started, discussions may be brief and focus on problem issues or hydrogeologic conditions
All reports resulting from the study as of 1984 are listed at the end of each summary. A list of project chiefs and their offices is also included in the report for those who are interested in obtaining additional information.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/cir1002","usgsCitation":"1986, Regional Aquifer-System Analysis Program of the U.S. Geological Survey: Summary of projects, 1978-84: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1002, xv, 264 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1002.","productDescription":"xv, 264 p.","numberOfPages":"282","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":31486,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1986/1002/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124270,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1986/1002/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ce4b07f02db613fa4","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Sun, Ren Jen","contributorId":68721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sun","given":"Ren","email":"","middleInitial":"Jen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670303,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":16419,"text":"ofr86236 - 1986 - Geohydrologic data along the Salt-Gila aqueduct of the central Arizona project in Maricopa and Pinal counties, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:13","indexId":"ofr86236","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-236","title":"Geohydrologic data along the Salt-Gila aqueduct of the central Arizona project in Maricopa and Pinal counties, Arizona","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, is conducting an investigation of land subsidence and earth fissures along the Salt-Gila aqueduct to identify hazard zones and to provide design data for the Central Arizona Project aqueducts. Thirty-three test holes were drilled along the Salt-Gila aqueduct of the Central Arizona Project in Maricopa and Pinal Counties. Included in the report are maps showing locations of test holes and vertical extensometer sites, records of test holes, and tables and graphs showing water-level measurements. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr86236","usgsCitation":"Wallace, B., Wrege, B., and Schumann, H.H., 1986, Geohydrologic data along the Salt-Gila aqueduct of the central Arizona project in Maricopa and Pinal counties, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-236, iv, 48 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86236.","productDescription":"iv, 48 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149690,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0236/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":45384,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0236/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8f33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wallace, B.L.","contributorId":16385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wrege, B.M.","contributorId":100405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wrege","given":"B.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schumann, H. H.","contributorId":94321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schumann","given":"H.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":16051,"text":"ofr86546 - 1986 - Water-use data-collection programs and regional data base of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River Basin states and provinces; a comparison of withdrawal-data programs by water-use category and by state and province","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:09","indexId":"ofr86546","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-546","title":"Water-use data-collection programs and regional data base of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River Basin states and provinces; a comparison of withdrawal-data programs by water-use category and by state and province","docAbstract":"As a result of the Great Lakes Charter (signed by Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Quebec, and Wisconsin), the Geological Survey worked with a committee of the Council of Great Lakes Governors to document the water use data collection programs in the Basin. These programs are described for public water supply; supplies for domestic, irrigation, agricultural, commercial, industrial, and mining uses; and supplies for powerplants. Frequency of collection, trigger levels, storage methods, and legislative framework are described. A regional water use data base was designed to store withdrawal, diversion, and consumptive use data on a drainage basin basis. The data base will be used to decide the advisability of proposed water diversion and consumptive use projects as part of a water management strategy. Data base formats, requirements, and methods of data transmittal from each area are described. Methods for acquiring missing data are suggested. The data base will be housed by the Great Lakes Commission, Ann Arbor, Michigan. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr86546","usgsCitation":"Snavely, D.S., 1986, Water-use data-collection programs and regional data base of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River Basin states and provinces; a comparison of withdrawal-data programs by water-use category and by state and province: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-546, vi, 204 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86546.","productDescription":"vi, 204 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0546/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":44983,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0546/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4c5d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snavely, D. S.","contributorId":103692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snavely","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":16017,"text":"ofr86131 - 1986 - Current water resources activities in Alabama, fiscal year 1986","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:57","indexId":"ofr86131","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-131","title":"Current water resources activities in Alabama, fiscal year 1986","docAbstract":"The purpose of this report is to describe the current (as of 1986) water resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Alabama. The responsibilities and objectives of the Survey; organization of the Alabama District; sources of funding; current projects; hydrologic data program; and a selected bibliography of hydrologic reports are presented. Water resources projects are undertaken usually at the request of and with partial funding from another agency, provided: they are high priority problems and generally identified to fall within the mission of the Water Resources Division and they are consistent with the Program Management Plan developed by the Water Resources Division in Alabama to meet the long range plan for hydrologic data in the State. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr86131","usgsCitation":"Slack, L.J., and Meadows, E., 1986, Current water resources activities in Alabama, fiscal year 1986: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-131, iv, 88 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86131.","productDescription":"iv, 88 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147922,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0131/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":44959,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0131/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ec00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Slack, L. J.","contributorId":44157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meadows, E.A.","contributorId":82710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meadows","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":18033,"text":"ofr86418 - 1986 - UNDELETE; a program to recover deleted RSX-11 disk files; program logic manual","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:21","indexId":"ofr86418","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-418","title":"UNDELETE; a program to recover deleted RSX-11 disk files; program logic manual","docAbstract":"This report presents a list of selected publications pertaining to the water resources in Virginia. The report includes a source-agency listing by publication type, which is arranged in alphabetical order by author. Information concerning the availability of the publications also is provided. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr86418","usgsCitation":"Baker, L., 1986, UNDELETE; a program to recover deleted RSX-11 disk files; program logic manual: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-418, 29 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86418.","productDescription":"29 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150115,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0418/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47279,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0418/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e478fe4b07f02db48a0c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baker, L.M.","contributorId":40608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":16594,"text":"ofr85697 - 1986 - Water-table decline in the south-central Great Basin during the Quaternary Period; implications for toxic-waste disposal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:17","indexId":"ofr85697","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-697","title":"Water-table decline in the south-central Great Basin during the Quaternary Period; implications for toxic-waste disposal","docAbstract":"The distribution of vein calcite, tufa, and other features indicative of paleo-groundwater discharge, indicates that during the early to middle Pleistocene, the water table at Ash Meadows, in the Amargosa Desert, Nevada, and at Furnace Creek Wash, in east-central Death Valley, California, was tens to hundreds of meters above the modern water table, and that groundwater discharge occurred up to 18 km up-the-hydraulic gradient from modern discharge areas. Uranium series dating of the calcitic veins permits calculation of rates of apparent water table decline; rates of 0.02 to 0.08 m/1000 yr are indicated for Ash meadows and 0.2 to 0.6 m/1000 yr for Furnace Creek Wash. The rates for Furnace Creek Wash closely match a published estimate of vertical crustal offset for this area, suggesting that tectonism is a major cause for the displacement observed. In general, displacements of the paleo-water table probably reflect a combination of: (a) tectonic uplift of vein calcite and tufa, unaccompanied by a change in water table altitude; (b) decline in water table altitude in response to tectonic depression of areas adjacent to dated veins and associated tufa; (c) decline in water table altitude in response to increasing aridity caused by major uplift of the Sierra Nevada and Transverse Ranges during the Quaternary; and (d) decline in water altitude in response to erosion triggered by increasing aridity and/or tectonism. A synthesis of geohydrologic, neotectonic, and paleoclimatologic information with the vein-calcite data permits the inference that the water table in the south-central Great Basin progressively lowered throughout the Quaternary. This inference is pertinent to an evaluation of the utility of thick (200-600 m) unsaturated zones of the region for isolating solidified radioactive wastes from the hydrosphere for hundreds of millenia. Wastes buried a few tens to perhaps 100 m above the modern water table--that is above possible water level rises due to future pluvial climates--are unlikely to be inundated by a rising water table in the foreseeable geologic future. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85697","usgsCitation":"Winograd, I., and Szabo, B.J., 1986, Water-table decline in the south-central Great Basin during the Quaternary Period; implications for toxic-waste disposal: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-697, iii, 18 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85697.","productDescription":"iii, 18 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150303,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0697/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":45598,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0697/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4cfc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winograd, I.J.","contributorId":10408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winograd","given":"I.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Szabo, Barney J.","contributorId":6848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szabo","given":"Barney","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}