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,{"id":70033783,"text":"70033783 - 2010 - The ShakeOut earthquake scenario: Verification of three simulation sets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:34","indexId":"70033783","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The ShakeOut earthquake scenario: Verification of three simulation sets","docAbstract":"This paper presents a verification of three simulations of the ShakeOut scenario, an M<sub>w</sub> 7.8 earthquake on a portion of the San Andreas fault in southern California, conducted by three different groups at the Southern California Earthquake Center using the SCEC Community Velocity Model for this region. We conducted two simulations using the finite difference method, and one by the finite element method, and performed qualitative and quantitative comparisons between the corresponding results. The results are in good agreement with each other; only small differences occur both in amplitude and phase between the various synthetics at ten observation points located near and away from the fault-as far as 150 km away from the fault. Using an available goodness-of-fit criterion all the comparisons scored above 8, with most above 9.2. This score would be regarded as excellent if the measurements were between recorded and synthetic seismograms. We also report results of comparisons based on time-frequency misfit criteria. Results from these two criteria can be used for calibrating the two methods for comparing seismograms. In those cases in which noticeable discrepancies occurred between the seismograms generated by the three groups, we found that they were the product of inherent characteristics of the various numerical methods used and their implementations. In particular, we found that the major source of discrepancy lies in the difference between mesh and grid representations of the same material model. Overall, however, even the largest differences in the synthetic seismograms are small. Thus, given the complexity of the simulations used in this verification, it appears that the three schemes are consistent, reliable and sufficiently accurate and robust for use in future large-scale simulations. ?? 2009 The Authors Journal compilation ?? 2009 RAS.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Journal International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2009.04417.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Bielak, J., Graves, R., Olsen, K., Taborda, R., Ramirez-Guzman, L., Day, S., Ely, G., Roten, D., Jordan, T., Maechling, P., Urbanic, J., Cui, Y., and Juve, G., 2010, The ShakeOut earthquake scenario: Verification of three simulation sets: Geophysical Journal International, v. 180, no. 1, p. 375-404, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2009.04417.x.","startPage":"375","endPage":"404","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487725,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2009.04417.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214498,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2009.04417.x"},{"id":242231,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"180","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba8e7e4b08c986b321f17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bielak, J.","contributorId":88572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bielak","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graves, R.W. 0000-0001-9758-453X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9758-453X","contributorId":77691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graves","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olsen, K.B.","contributorId":66022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"K.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Taborda, R.","contributorId":19792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taborda","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ramirez-Guzman, L.","contributorId":60459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramirez-Guzman","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Day, S.M.","contributorId":41425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ely, G.P.","contributorId":97719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"G.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Roten, D.","contributorId":73836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roten","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Jordan, T.H.","contributorId":83320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"T.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Maechling, P.J.","contributorId":24582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maechling","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Urbanic, J.","contributorId":47597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urbanic","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Cui, Y.","contributorId":93717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cui","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Juve, G.","contributorId":49993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juve","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70033784,"text":"70033784 - 2010 - Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) instrument overview","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-18T10:57:20","indexId":"70033784","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3454,"text":"Space Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) instrument overview","docAbstract":"The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) Wide Angle Camera (WAC) and Narrow Angle Cameras (NACs) are on the NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO). The WAC is a 7-color push-frame camera (100 and 400 m/pixel visible and UV, respectively), while the two NACs are monochrome narrow-angle linescan imagers (0.5 m/pixel). The primary mission of LRO is to obtain measurements of the Moon that will enable future lunar human exploration. The overarching goals of the LROC investigation include landing site identification and certification, mapping of permanently polar shadowed and sunlit regions, meter-scale mapping of polar regions, global multispectral imaging, a global morphology base map, characterization of regolith properties, and determination of current impact hazards.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Space Science Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s11214-010-9634-2","issn":"00386308","usgsCitation":"Robinson, M., Brylow, S., Tschimmel, M., Humm, D., Lawrence, S., Thomas, P., Denevi, B., Bowman-Cisneros, E., Zerr, J., Ravine, M., Caplinger, M., Ghaemi, F., Schaffner, J., Malin, M.C., Mahanti, P., Bartels, A., Anderson, J., Tran, T., Eliason, E.M., McEwen, A.S., Turtle, E., Jolliff, B., and Hiesinger, H., 2010, Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) instrument overview: Space Science Reviews, v. 150, no. 1-4, p. 81-124, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-010-9634-2.","productDescription":"44 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"124","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":214499,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11214-010-9634-2"},{"id":242232,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"150","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4a96e4b0c8380cd68ea5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, M.S.","contributorId":34934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brylow, S.M.","contributorId":72605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brylow","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tschimmel, M.","contributorId":52412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tschimmel","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Humm, D.","contributorId":28346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Humm","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lawrence, S.J.","contributorId":67922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Thomas, P.C.","contributorId":32690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"P.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Denevi, B.W.","contributorId":20559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denevi","given":"B.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bowman-Cisneros, E.","contributorId":30466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowman-Cisneros","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Zerr, J.","contributorId":94118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zerr","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Ravine, M.A.","contributorId":91312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ravine","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Caplinger, M.A.","contributorId":7878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caplinger","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Ghaemi, F.T.","contributorId":37972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ghaemi","given":"F.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Schaffner, J.A.","contributorId":57284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaffner","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Malin, M. 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S.","contributorId":11317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McEwen","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Turtle, E.","contributorId":45530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turtle","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Jolliff, B.L.","contributorId":21268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jolliff","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Hiesinger, H.","contributorId":62808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hiesinger","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23}]}}
,{"id":70033799,"text":"70033799 - 2010 - A California statewide three-dimensional seismic velocity model from both absolute and differential times","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:31","indexId":"70033799","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A California statewide three-dimensional seismic velocity model from both absolute and differential times","docAbstract":"We obtain a seismic velocity model of the California crust and uppermost mantle using a regional-scale double-difference tomography algorithm. We begin by using absolute arrival-time picks to solve for a coarse three-dimensional (3D) P velocity (V<sub>P</sub>) model with a uniform 30 km horizontal node spacing, which we then use as the starting model for a finer-scale inversion using double-difference tomography applied to absolute and differential pick times. For computational reasons, we split the state into 5 subregions with a grid spacing of 10 to 20 km and assemble our final statewide V<sub>P</sub> model by stitching together these local models. We also solve for a statewide S-wave model using S picks from both the Southern California Seismic Network and USArray, assuming a starting model based on the V<sub>P</sub> results and a V<sub>P</sub>=V<sub>S</sub> ratio of 1.732. Our new model has improved areal coverage compared with previous models, extending 570 km in the SW-NE directionand 1320 km in the NW-SE direction. It also extends to greater depth due to the inclusion of substantial data at large epicentral distances. Our V<sub>P</sub> model generally agrees with previous separate regional models for northern and southern California, but we also observe some new features, such as high-velocity anomalies at shallow depths in the Klamath Mountains and Mount Shasta area, somewhat slow velocities in the northern Coast Ranges, and slow anomalies beneath the Sierra Nevada at midcrustal and greater depths. This model can be applied to a variety of regional-scale studies in California, such as developing a unified statewide earthquake location catalog and performing regional waveform modeling.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120090028","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Lin, G., Thurber, C., Zhang, H., Hauksson, E., Shearer, P., Waldhauser, F., Brocher, T., and Hardebeck, J., 2010, A California statewide three-dimensional seismic velocity model from both absolute and differential times: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 100, no. 1, p. 225-240, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120090028.","startPage":"225","endPage":"240","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476100,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100303-135921624","text":"External Repository"},{"id":214261,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120090028"},{"id":241966,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"100","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-01-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e2cbe4b0c8380cd45c61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lin, G.","contributorId":108325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurber, C.H.","contributorId":28617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurber","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, H.","contributorId":50311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hauksson, E.","contributorId":10932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hauksson","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shearer, P.M.","contributorId":80456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shearer","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Waldhauser, F.","contributorId":31897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldhauser","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brocher, T.M. 0000-0002-9740-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":69994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hardebeck, J.","contributorId":99738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardebeck","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70033802,"text":"70033802 - 2010 - On the application of multilevel modeling in environmental and ecological studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T14:43:12","indexId":"70033802","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the application of multilevel modeling in environmental and ecological studies","docAbstract":"<p><span>This paper illustrates the advantages of a multilevel/hierarchical approach for predictive modeling, including flexibility of model formulation, explicitly accounting for hierarchical structure in the data, and the ability to predict the outcome of new cases. As a generalization of the classical approach, the multilevel modeling approach explicitly models the hierarchical structure in the data by considering both the within- and between-group variances leading to a partial pooling of data across all levels in the hierarchy. The modeling framework provides means for incorporating variables at different spatiotemporal scales. The examples used in this paper illustrate the iterative process of model fitting and evaluation, a process that can lead to improved understanding of the system being studied.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/09-1043.1","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Qian, S.S., Cuffney, T.F., Alameddine, I., McMahon, G., and Reckhow, K.H., 2010, On the application of multilevel modeling in environmental and ecological studies: Ecology, v. 91, no. 2, p. 355-361, https://doi.org/10.1890/09-1043.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"355","endPage":"361","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-011765","costCenters":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476105,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/09-1043.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":242001,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214293,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/09-1043.1"}],"volume":"91","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6db6e4b0c8380cd752a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Qian, Song S.","contributorId":198934,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Qian","given":"Song","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cuffney, Thomas F. 0000-0003-1164-5560 tcuffney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1164-5560","contributorId":517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuffney","given":"Thomas","email":"tcuffney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alameddine, Ibrahim","contributorId":22459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alameddine","given":"Ibrahim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McMahon, Gerard 0000-0001-7675-777X gmcmahon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7675-777X","contributorId":191488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"Gerard","email":"gmcmahon@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reckhow, Kenneth H.","contributorId":141208,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reckhow","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":12643,"text":"Duke University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":442562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033824,"text":"70033824 - 2010 - Geologie study off gravels of the Agua Fria River, Phoenix, AZ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-13T09:25:55","indexId":"70033824","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologie study off gravels of the Agua Fria River, Phoenix, AZ","docAbstract":"The annual consumption of sand and gravel aggregate in 2006 in the Phoenix, AZ metropolitan area was about 76 Mt (84 million st) (USGS, 2009), or about 18 t (20 st) per capita. Quaternary alluvial deposits in the modern stream channel of the Agua Fria River west of Phoenix are mined and processed to provide some of this aggregate to the greater Phoenix area. The Agua Fria drainage basin (Fig. 1) is characterized by rugged mountains with high elevations and steep stream gradients in the north, and by broad alluvial filled basins separated by elongated faultblock mountain ranges in the south. The Agua Fria River, the basin’s main drainage, flows south from Prescott, AZ and west of Phoenix to the Gila River. The Waddel Dam impounds Lake Pleasant and greatly limits the flow of the Agua Fria River south of the lake. The southern portion of the watershed, south of Lake Pleasant, opens out into a broad valley where the river flows through urban and agricultural lands to its confluence with the Gila River, a tributary of the Colorado River.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration","issn":"00265187","usgsCitation":"Langer, W.H., Dewitt, E., Adams, D., and O’Briens, T., 2010, Geologie study off gravels of the Agua Fria River, Phoenix, AZ: Mining Engineering, v. 62, no. 2, p. 27-31.","startPage":"27","endPage":"31","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241907,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267311,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://me.smenet.org/abstract.cfm?preview=1&articleID=490&page=27"}],"volume":"62","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2287e4b0c8380cd57118","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langer, W. H.","contributorId":44932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dewitt, E.","contributorId":108257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dewitt","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, D.T.","contributorId":44439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"D.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Briens, T.","contributorId":99020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Briens","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033825,"text":"70033825 - 2010 - Night sampling improves indices used for management of yellow perch in Lake Erie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033825","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1659,"text":"Fisheries Management and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Night sampling improves indices used for management of yellow perch in Lake Erie","docAbstract":"Catch rate (catch per hour) was examined for age-0 and age-1 yellow perch, Perca flavescens (Mitchill), captured in bottom trawls from 1991 to 2005 in western Lake Erie: (1) to examine variation of catch rate among years, seasons, diel periods and their interactions; and (2) to determine whether sampling during particular diel periods improved the management value of CPH data used in models to project abundance of age-2 yellow perch. Catch rate varied with year, season and the diel period during which sampling was conducted as well as by the interaction between year and season. Indices of abundance of age-0 and age-1 yellow perch estimated from night samples typically produced better fitting models and lower estimates of age-2 abundance than those using morning or afternoon samples, whereas indices using afternoon samples typically produced less precise and higher estimates of abundance. The diel period during which sampling is conducted will not affect observed population trends but may affect estimates of abundance of age-0 and age-1 yellow perch, which in turn affect recommended allowable harvest. A field experiment throughout western Lake Erie is recommended to examine potential benefits of night sampling to management of yellow perch. Published 2010. The article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fisheries Management and Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2400.2009.00721.x","issn":"0969997X","usgsCitation":"Kocovsky, P., Stapanian, M., and Knight, C., 2010, Night sampling improves indices used for management of yellow perch in Lake Erie: Fisheries Management and Ecology, v. 17, no. 1, p. 10-18, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2400.2009.00721.x.","startPage":"10","endPage":"18","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214209,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2400.2009.00721.x"},{"id":241908,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6654e4b0c8380cd72d77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kocovsky, P.M.","contributorId":78447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocovsky","given":"P.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stapanian, M.A.","contributorId":65437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stapanian","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knight, C.T.","contributorId":66042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033830,"text":"70033830 - 2010 - Longitudinal differences in habitat complexity and fish assemblage structure of a great plains river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033830","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Longitudinal differences in habitat complexity and fish assemblage structure of a great plains river","docAbstract":"We investigated the spatial variation in the Kansas River (USA) fish assemblage to determine how fish community structure changes with habitat complexity in a large river. Fishes were collected at ten sites throughout the Kansas River for assessing assemblage structure in summer 2007. Aerial imagery indicated riparian land use within 200 m from the river edge was dominated by agriculture in the upper river reaches (>35) and tended to increase in urban land use in the lower reaches (>58). Instream habitat complexity (number of braided channels, islands) also decreased with increased urban area (<25). Canonical correspondence analysis indicated that species that prefer high-velocity flows and sandy substrate (e.g., blue sucker Cycleptus elongatus and shovelnose sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus) were associated with the upper river reaches. Abundance of omnivorous and planktivorous fish species were also higher in the lower river. The presence of fluvial dependent and fluvial specialist species was associated with sites with higher water flows, more sand bars, and log jams. Our results suggest that conserving intolerant, native species in the Kansas River may require maintaining suitable habitat for these species and restoration of impacted areas of the river.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Midland Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031-163.1.14","issn":"00030031","usgsCitation":"Eitzmann, J., and Paukert, C., 2010, Longitudinal differences in habitat complexity and fish assemblage structure of a great plains river: American Midland Naturalist, v. 163, no. 1, p. 14-32, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031-163.1.14.","startPage":"14","endPage":"32","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475898,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10355/9064","text":"External Repository"},{"id":242003,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214295,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031-163.1.14"}],"volume":"163","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a49c0e4b0c8380cd6886a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eitzmann, J.L.","contributorId":13051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eitzmann","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paukert, C.P.","contributorId":10151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paukert","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035295,"text":"70035295 - 2010 - Predicting the retreat and migration of tidal forests along the northern Gulf of Mexico under sea-level rise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-09T15:29:31","indexId":"70035295","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting the retreat and migration of tidal forests along the northern Gulf of Mexico under sea-level rise","docAbstract":"Tidal freshwater forests in coastal regions of the southeastern United States are undergoing dieback and retreat from increasing tidal inundation and saltwater intrusion attributed to climate variability and sea-level rise. In many areas, tidal saltwater forests (mangroves) contrastingly are expanding landward in subtropical coastal reaches succeeding freshwater marsh and forest zones. Hydrological characteristics of these low-relief coastal forests in intertidal settings are dictated by the influence of tidal and freshwater forcing. In this paper, we describe the application of the Sea Level Over Proportional Elevation (SLOPE) model to predict coastal forest retreat and migration from projected sea-level rise based on a proxy relationship of saltmarsh/mangrove area and tidal range. The SLOPE model assumes that the sum area of saltmarsh/mangrove habitat along any given coastal reach is determined by the slope of the landform and vertical tide forcing. Model results indicated that saltmarsh and mangrove migration from sea-level rise will vary by county and watershed but greater in western Gulf States than in the eastern Gulf States where millions of hectares of coastal forest will be displaced over the next century with a near meter rise in relative sea level alone. Substantial losses of coastal forests will also occur in the eastern Gulf but mangrove forests in subtropical zones of Florida are expected to replace retreating freshwater forest and affect regional biodiversity. Accelerated global eustacy from climate change will compound the degree of predicted retreat and migration of coastal forests with expected implications for ecosystem management of State and Federal lands in the absence of adaptive coastal management.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2009.10.023","issn":"03781127","usgsCitation":"Doyle, T., Krauss, K., Conner, W., and From, A., 2010, Predicting the retreat and migration of tidal forests along the northern Gulf of Mexico under sea-level rise: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 259, no. 4, p. 770-777, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.10.023.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"770","endPage":"777","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242936,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.8154296875,\n              25.284437746983055\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.232421875,\n              30.259067203213018\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.814453125,\n              30.41078179084589\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.681640625,\n              30.751277776257812\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.1865234375,\n              30.107117887092357\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.9658203125,\n              29.954934549656144\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.1298828125,\n              27.761329874505233\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.2509765625,\n              25.878994400196202\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.8154296875,\n              25.284437746983055\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"259","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a81d8e4b0c8380cd7b781","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doyle, T.W. 0000-0001-5754-0671","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5754-0671","contributorId":16783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyle","given":"T.W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krauss, K. W. 0000-0003-2195-0729","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":19517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"K. W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conner, W.H.","contributorId":54165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conner","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"From, A.S. 0000-0002-6543-2627","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6543-2627","contributorId":34346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"From","given":"A.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033831,"text":"70033831 - 2010 - Housing growth in and near United States protected areas limits their conservation value","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:31","indexId":"70033831","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Housing growth in and near United States protected areas limits their conservation value","docAbstract":"Protected areas are crucial for biodiversity conservation because they provide safe havens for species threatened by land-use change and resulting habitat loss. However, protected areas are only effective when they stop habitat loss within their boundaries, and are connected via corridors to other wild areas. The effectiveness of protected areas is threatened by development; however, the extent of this threat is unknown. We compiled spatially-detailed housing growth data from 1940 to 2030, and quantified growth for each wilderness area, national park, and national forest in the conterminous United States. Our findings show that housing development in the United States may severely limit the ability of protected areas to function as a modern \"Noah's Ark.\" Between 1940 and 2000, 28 million housing units were built within 50 km of protected areas, and 940,000 were built within national forests. Housing growth rates during the 1990s within 1 km of protected areas (20% per decade) outpaced the national average (13%). If long-term trends continue, another 17 million housing units will be built within 50 km of protected areas by 2030 (1 million within 1 km), greatly diminishing their conservation value. US protected areas are increasingly isolated, housing development in their surroundings is decreasing their effective size, and national forests are even threatened by habitat loss within their administrative boundaries. Protected areas in the United States are thus threatened similarly to those in developing countries. However, housing growth poses the main threat to protected areas in the United States whereas deforestation is the main threat in developing countries.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1073/pnas.0911131107","issn":"00278424","usgsCitation":"Radeloff, V.C., Stewart, S.I., Hawbaker, T., Gimmi, U., Pidgeon, A., Flather, C., Hammer, R.B., and Helmers, D., 2010, Housing growth in and near United States protected areas limits their conservation value: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 107, no. 2, p. 940-945, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0911131107.","startPage":"940","endPage":"945","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487749,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2818924","text":"External Repository"},{"id":214320,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0911131107"},{"id":242037,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"107","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3240e4b0c8380cd5e651","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Radeloff, V. C.","contributorId":58467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Radeloff","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, S. I.","contributorId":99779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hawbaker, T. J.","contributorId":98118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawbaker","given":"T. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gimmi, U.","contributorId":57675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gimmi","given":"U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pidgeon, A.M.","contributorId":77372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pidgeon","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Flather, C.H.","contributorId":73161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flather","given":"C.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hammer, R. B.","contributorId":77744,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hammer","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Helmers, D.P.","contributorId":45128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helmers","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70033859,"text":"70033859 - 2010 - MTBE, TBA, and TAME attenuation in diverse hyporheic zones","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T09:49:38","indexId":"70033859","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"MTBE, TBA, and TAME attenuation in diverse hyporheic zones","docAbstract":"<p>Groundwater contamination by fuel-related compounds such as the fuel oxygenates methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), and tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) presents a significant issue to managers and consumers of groundwater and surface water that receives groundwater discharge. Four sites were investigated on Long Island, New York, characterized by groundwater contaminated with gasoline and fuel oxygenates that ultimately discharge to fresh, brackish, or saline surface water. For each site, contaminated groundwater discharge zones were delineated using pore water geochemistry data from 15 feet (4.5 m) beneath the bottom of the surface water body in the hyporheic zone and seepage-meter tests were conducted to measure discharge rates. These data when combined indicate that MTBE, TBA, and TAME concentrations in groundwater discharge in a 5-foot (1.5-m) thick section of the hyporheic zone were attenuated between 34% and 95%, in contrast to immeasurable attenuation in the shallow aquifer during contaminant transport between 0.1 and 1.5 miles (0.1 to 2.4 km). The attenuation observed in the hyporheic zone occurred primarily by physical processes such as mixing of groundwater and surface water. Biodegradation also occurred as confirmed in laboratory microcosms by the mineralization of U- <sup>14</sup>C-MTBE and U- <sup>14</sup>C-TBA to <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> and the novel biodegradation of U- <sup>14</sup>C-TAME to <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> under oxic and anoxic conditions. The implication of fuel oxygenate attenuation observed in diverse hyporheic zones suggests an assessment of the hyporheic zone attenuation potential (HZAP) merits inclusion as part of site assessment strategies associated with monitored or engineered attenuation.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2009.00608.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Landmeyer, J., Bradley, P.M., Trego, D., Hale, K., and Haas, J., 2010, MTBE, TBA, and TAME attenuation in diverse hyporheic zones: Ground Water, v. 48, no. 1, p. 30-41, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2009.00608.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"30","endPage":"41","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241938,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214238,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2009.00608.x"}],"volume":"48","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4affe4b0c8380cd691fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Landmeyer, James 0000-0002-5640-3816 jlandmey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5640-3816","contributorId":3257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landmeyer","given":"James","email":"jlandmey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606 pbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul","email":"pbradley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trego, D.A.","contributorId":66930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trego","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hale, K.G.","contributorId":40436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hale","given":"K.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haas, J.E. II","contributorId":107113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haas","given":"J.E.","suffix":"II","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033860,"text":"70033860 - 2010 - On the specification of structural equation models for ecological systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-10T10:17:20","indexId":"70033860","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1459,"text":"Ecological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the specification of structural equation models for ecological systems","docAbstract":"<p>The use of structural equation modeling (SEM) is often motivated by its utility for investigating complex networks of relationships, but also because of its promise as a means of representing theoretical concepts using latent variables. In this paper, we discuss characteristics of ecological theory and some of the challenges for proper specification of theoretical ideas in structural equation models (SE models). In our presentation, we describe some of the requirements for classical latent variable models in which observed variables (indicators) are interpreted as the effects of underlying causes. We also describe alternative model specifications in which indicators are interpreted as having causal influences on the theoretical concepts. We suggest that this latter nonclassical specification (which involves another variable type—the composite) will often be appropriate for ecological studies because of the multifaceted nature of our theoretical concepts.</p><p>In this paper, we employ the use of meta‐models to aid the translation of theory into SE models and also to facilitate our ability to relate results back to our theories. We demonstrate our approach by showing how a synthetic theory of grassland biodiversity can be evaluated using SEM and data from a coastal grassland. In this example, the theory focuses on the responses of species richness to abiotic stress and disturbance, both directly and through intervening effects on community biomass. Models examined include both those based on classical forms (where each concept is represented using a single latent variable) and also ones in which the concepts are recognized to be multifaceted and modeled as such. To address the challenge of matching SE models with the conceptual level of our theory, two approaches are illustrated, compositing and aggregation. Both approaches are shown to have merits, with the former being preferable for cases where the multiple facets of a concept have widely differing effects in the system and the latter being preferable where facets act together consistently when influencing other parts of the system. Because ecological theory characteristically deals with concepts that are multifaceted, we expect the methods presented in this paper will be useful for ecologists wishing to use SEM.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/09-0464.1","issn":"00129615","usgsCitation":"Grace, J.B., Anderson, T., Olff, H., and Scheiner, S., 2010, On the specification of structural equation models for ecological systems: Ecological Monographs, v. 80, no. 1, p. 67-87, https://doi.org/10.1890/09-0464.1.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"87","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475914,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/7c1539d0-3580-4f38-97e6-950647931c25","text":"External Repository"},{"id":241969,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6dfbe4b0c8380cd75428","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grace, James B. 0000-0001-6374-4726 gracej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","email":"gracej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, T. Michael","contributorId":78077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"T. Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olff, Han","contributorId":221639,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olff","given":"Han","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scheiner, S.M.","contributorId":78165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scheiner","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033861,"text":"70033861 - 2010 - Individual and colony-specific wintering areas of Pacific northern fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-02T14:47:39.854648","indexId":"70033861","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Individual and colony-specific wintering areas of Pacific northern fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis)","docAbstract":"Seabird mortality associated with longline fishing in the eastern Bering Sea occurs mainly from September to May, with northern fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis) comprising the majority (60%) of the bycatch. Along the west coast of North America, winter dieoffs of fulmars may be increasing in frequency and magnitude, the most severe on record being a wreck that peaked in October-November 2003. We deployed satellite transmitters on fulmars from the four main Alaska colonies and tracked individuals for up to 2 years. Fulmars from Hall Island (northern Bering Sea) moved to Russian coastal waters after breeding, while Pribilof Island fulmars (southeastern Bering Sea) remained relatively sedentary yearround. Birds from Chagulak Island (eastern Aleutians) preferred passes between the Aleutian Islands in winter or foraged widely over deep waters of the central Bering Sea and North Pacific. Fulmars from the Semidi Islands (western Gulf of Alaska) migrated directly to waters of the California Current. Individuals from St. George Island (Pribilofs) and Chagulak were consistent in the places that they visited in two successive winters. The Pribilof Islands population is most affected by winter longlining for groundfish, whereas the Semidi Islands colony sustains most of the natural mortality that occurs off Washington, Oregon, and California.","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/F09-184","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Hatch, S.A., Gill, V., and Mulcahy, D.M., 2010, Individual and colony-specific wintering areas of Pacific northern fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis): Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 67, no. 2, p. 386-400, https://doi.org/10.1139/F09-184.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"386","endPage":"400","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438846,"rank":1,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P992BR5E","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Tracking Data for Northern Fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis)"},{"id":241970,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -166.201171875,\n              61.689872200460016\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.673828125,\n              61.689872200460016\n            ],\n            [\n              -171.03515625,\n              62.91523303947614\n            ],\n            [\n              -176.044921875,\n              60.50052541051131\n            ],\n            [\n              -175.869140625,\n              58.49369382056807\n            ],\n            [\n              -174.111328125,\n              54.1109429427243\n            ],\n            [\n              -171.650390625,\n              51.23440735163459\n            ],\n            [\n              -167.16796875,\n              50.958426723359935\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.81835937499997,\n              52.482780222078226\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.51171875,\n              57.088515327886505\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.345703125,\n              58.95000823335702\n            ],\n            [\n              -166.201171875,\n              61.689872200460016\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"67","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3a9ae4b0c8380cd61dee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gill, Verena A.","contributorId":140658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gill","given":"Verena A.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":442876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mulcahy, Daniel M. dmulcahy@usgs.gov","contributorId":3102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulcahy","given":"Daniel","email":"dmulcahy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033862,"text":"70033862 - 2010 - Morphologic dating of fault scarps using airborne laser swath mapping (ALSM) data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033862","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Morphologic dating of fault scarps using airborne laser swath mapping (ALSM) data","docAbstract":"Models of fault scarp morphology have been previously used to infer the relative age of different fault scarps in a fault zone using labor-intensive ground surveying. We present a method for automatically extracting scarp morphologic ages within high-resolution digital topography. Scarp degradation is modeled as a diffusive mass transport process in the across-scarp direction. The second derivative of the modeled degraded fault scarp was normalized to yield the best-fitting (in a least-squared sense) scarp height at each point, and the signal-to-noise ratio identified those areas containing scarp-like topography. We applied this method to three areas along the San Andreas Fault and found correspondence between the mapped geometry of the fault and that extracted by our analysis. This suggests that the spatial distribution of scarp ages may be revealed by such an analysis, allowing the recent temporal development of a fault zone to be imaged along its length.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2009GL042044","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Hilley, G., Delong, S., Prentice, C., Blisniuk, K., and Arrowsmith, J., 2010, Morphologic dating of fault scarps using airborne laser swath mapping (ALSM) data: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 37, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL042044.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475933,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2009gl042044","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214296,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009GL042044"},{"id":242004,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-02-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5e36e4b0c8380cd70890","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hilley, G.E.","contributorId":40396,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hilley","given":"G.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Delong, S.","contributorId":6334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delong","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prentice, C.","contributorId":33107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prentice","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blisniuk, K.","contributorId":86233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blisniuk","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Arrowsmith, J.R. Jr.","contributorId":49669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arrowsmith","given":"J.R.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70035236,"text":"70035236 - 2010 - Quantifying the behavioral response of spawning chum salmon to elevated discharges from Bonneville Dam, Columbia River, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-28T17:57:07","indexId":"70035236","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying the behavioral response of spawning chum salmon to elevated discharges from Bonneville Dam, Columbia River, USA","docAbstract":"Chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta that spawn in main-stem habitats below Bonneville Dam on the Columbia River, USA, are periodically subjected to elevated discharges that may alter spawning behaviour. We investigated behavioural responses of spawning chum salmon to increased water velocities associated with experimental increases in tailwater elevation using acoustic telemetry and a dual-frequency identification sonar. Chum salmon primarily remained near their redds at base tailwater elevations (3.5 m above mean sea level), but displayed different movement and behavioural responses as elevations were increased to either 4.1 or 4.7m for 8-h periods. When velocities remained suitable (&lt;0.8m s<sup>-1</sup>) during elevated-tailwater tests, female chum salmon remained near their redds but exhibited reduced digging activity as water velocities increased. However, when velocities exceeded 0.8m s<sup>-1</sup>, the females that remained on their redds exhibited increased swimming activity and digging virtually ceased. Female and male chum salmon that left their redds when velocities became unsuitable moved mean distances ranging from 32 to 58 m to occupy suitable velocities, but returned to their redds after tailwaters returned to base levels. Spawning events (i.e. egg deposition) were observed for five of nine pairs of chum salmon following tests indicating any disruptions to normal behaviour caused by elevated tailwaters were likely temporary. We believe a chum salmon's decision to either remain on, or leave, its redd during periods of unsuitably high water velocities reflects time invested in the redd and the associated energetic costs it is willing to incur. ?? 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.1248","issn":"15351459","usgsCitation":"Tiffan, K., Haskell, C.A., and Kock, T., 2010, Quantifying the behavioral response of spawning chum salmon to elevated discharges from Bonneville Dam, Columbia River, USA: River Research and Applications, v. 26, no. 2, p. 87-101, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.1248.","productDescription":"15 p. ","startPage":"87","endPage":"101","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243003,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215216,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.1248"}],"volume":"26","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91e3e4b0c8380cd80516","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tiffan, K.F.","contributorId":19327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiffan","given":"K.F.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":449848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haskell, C. A.","contributorId":94082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haskell","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kock, T.J.","contributorId":39578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kock","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70178483,"text":"70178483 - 2010 - Post-construction monitoring of a Core-Loc™ breakwater using tripod-based LiDAR","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-20T10:59:44","indexId":"70178483","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Post-construction monitoring of a Core-Loc™ breakwater using tripod-based LiDAR","docAbstract":"<p>The goal of the technology application described herein is to determine whether breakwater monitoring data collected using Tripod (or Terrestrial) Light Detection and Ranging (T-LiDAR) can give insight into processes such as how Core-Loc™ concrete armour units nest following construction, and in turn how settlement affects armour layer stability, concrete cap performance, and armour unit breakage. &nbsp;A further objective is that this information can then be incorporated into the design of future projects using concrete armour units. &nbsp;The results of this application of T-LiDAR, including the challenges encountered and the conclusions drawn regarding initial concrete armour unit movement will be presented in this paper.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coasts, marine structures and breakwaters: Adapting to change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Thomas Telford Limitied","doi":"10.1680/cmsb.41301.0039","usgsCitation":"Podoski, J.H., Bawden, G.W., Bond, S., Smith, T.D., and Foster, J., 2010, Post-construction monitoring of a Core-Loc™ breakwater using tripod-based LiDAR, chap. <i>of</i> Coasts, marine structures and breakwaters: Adapting to change, https://doi.org/10.1680/cmsb.41301.0039.","ipdsId":"IP-012418","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333550,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58833023e4b0d002316377a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Podoski, Jessica H.","contributorId":178488,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Podoski","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bawden, Gerald W. gbawden@usgs.gov","contributorId":1071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bawden","given":"Gerald","email":"gbawden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":659196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bond, Sandra 0000-0003-0522-5287 sbond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0522-5287","contributorId":3328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bond","given":"Sandra","email":"sbond@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":659197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Thomas D.","contributorId":178489,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Foster, James","contributorId":38598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033867,"text":"70033867 - 2010 - Headwater streams and forest management: does ecoregional context influence logging effects on benthic communities?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-14T16:07:00","indexId":"70033867","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Headwater streams and forest management: does ecoregional context influence logging effects on benthic communities?","docAbstract":"<p>Effects of forest management on stream communities have been widely documented, but the role that climate plays in the disturbance outcomes is not understood. In order to determine whether the effect of disturbance from forest management on headwater stream communities varies by climate, we evaluated benthic macroinvertebrate communities in 24 headwater streams that differed in forest management (logged-roaded vs. unlogged-unroaded, hereafter logged and unlogged) within two ecological sub-regions (wet versus dry) within the eastern Cascade Range, Washington, USA. In both ecoregions, total macroinvertebrate density was highest at logged sites (P = 0.001) with gathering-collectors and shredders dominating. Total taxonomic richness and diversity did not differ between ecoregions or forest management types. Shredder densities were positively correlated with total deciduous and Sitka alder (Alnus sinuata) riparian cover. Further, differences in shredder density between logged and unlogged sites were greater in the wet ecoregion (logging &times; ecoregion interaction; P = 0.006) suggesting that differences in post-logging forest succession between ecoregions were responsible for differences in shredder abundance. Headwater stream benthic community structure was influenced by logging and regional differences in climate. Future development of ecoregional classification models at the subbasin scale, and use of functional metrics in addition to structural metrics, may allow for more accurate assessments of anthropogenic disturbances in mountainous regions where mosaics of localized differences in climate are common.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10750-009-0058-5","issn":"00188158","usgsCitation":"Medhurst, R.B., Wipfli, M.S., Binckley, C., Polivka, K., Hessburg, P.F., and Salter, R.B., 2010, Headwater streams and forest management: does ecoregional context influence logging effects on benthic communities?: Hydrobiologia, v. 641, no. 1, p. 71-83, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-009-0058-5.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"71","endPage":"83","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242073,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214353,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-009-0058-5"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Cascade Range, Wenatchee River subbasin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.94711303710938,\n              48.17432829641993\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.9814453125,\n              48.09459164290992\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.14898681640626,\n              48.039528693690556\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.13113403320311,\n              48.011056420797836\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.17095947265625,\n              47.951305426762616\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.17645263671874,\n              47.892406101169264\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.13800048828125,\n              47.81684332352077\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.15447998046875,\n              47.7263921299974\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.15310668945312,\n              47.64596177800046\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.06658935546874,\n              47.54223662718361\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.98419189453125,\n              47.45687999525879\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.8221435546875,\n              47.40764414848437\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.70816040039061,\n              47.404855836246135\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.59829711914061,\n              47.34533667855891\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.44036865234375,\n              47.2708432505609\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.355224609375,\n              47.3425450696602\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.34149169921875,\n              47.39277144427804\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.42526245117186,\n              47.4745193657043\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.34149169921875,\n              47.519983057945794\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.3277587890625,\n              47.611718174784954\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.58181762695311,\n              47.85003078545827\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.71502685546875,\n              48.038610478762806\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.84686279296874,\n              48.19996433122713\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.94711303710938,\n              48.17432829641993\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"641","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2fd4e4b0c8380cd5d114","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Medhurst, R. 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,{"id":70033885,"text":"70033885 - 2010 - In situ measurements of volatile aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation rates in groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T08:28:48","indexId":"70033885","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In situ measurements of volatile aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation rates in groundwater","docAbstract":"Benzene and alkylbenzene biodegradation rates and patterns were measured using an in situ microcosm in a crude-oil contaminated aquifer near Bemidji, Minnesota. Benzene-D6, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-, m- and p-xylenes and four pairs of C3- and C4-benzenes were added to an in situ microcosm and studied over a 3-year period. The microcosm allowed for a mass-balance approach and quantification of hydrocarbon biodegradation rates within a well-defined iron-reducing zone of the anoxic plume. Among the BTEX compounds, the apparent order of persistence is ethylbenzene > benzene > m,p-xylenes > o-xylene ≥ toluene. Threshold concentrations were observed for several compounds in the in situ microcosm, below which degradation was not observed, even after hundreds of days. In addition, long lag times were observed before the onset of degradation of benzene or ethylbenzene. The isomer-specific degradation patterns were compared to observations from a multi-year study conducted using data collected from monitoring wells along a flowpath in the contaminant plume. The data were fit with both first-order and Michaelis-Menten models. First-order kinetics provided a good fit for hydrocarbons with starting concentrations below 1 mg/L and Michaelis-Menten kinetics were a better fit when starting concentrations were above 1 mg/L, as was the case for benzene. The biodegradation rate data from this study were also compared to rates from other investigations reported in the literature.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2009.12.001","issn":"01697722","usgsCitation":"Cozzarelli, I., Bekins, B., Eganhouse, R., Warren, E., and Essaid, H., 2010, In situ measurements of volatile aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation rates in groundwater: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 111, no. 1-4, p. 48-64, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2009.12.001.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"48","endPage":"64","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214151,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2009.12.001"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.94943,47.424564 ], [ -94.94943,47.5269 ], [ -94.799758,47.5269 ], [ -94.799758,47.424564 ], [ -94.94943,47.424564 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"111","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39a7e4b0c8380cd619c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cozzarelli, I.M. 0000-0002-5123-1007","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":22343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"I.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bekins, B.A.","contributorId":98309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekins","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eganhouse, R.P.","contributorId":67555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eganhouse","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Warren, E.","contributorId":15360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Essaid, H.I.","contributorId":22342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Essaid","given":"H.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033886,"text":"70033886 - 2010 - An evaluation of object-oriented image analysis techniques to identify motorized vehicle effects in semi-arid to arid ecosystems of the American West","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:33","indexId":"70033886","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1722,"text":"GIScience and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An evaluation of object-oriented image analysis techniques to identify motorized vehicle effects in semi-arid to arid ecosystems of the American West","docAbstract":"Human disturbance is a leading ecosystem stressor. Human-induced modifications include transportation networks, areal disturbances due to resource extraction, and recreation activities. High-resolution imagery and object-oriented classification rather than pixel-based techniques have successfully identified roads, buildings, and other anthropogenic features. Three commercial, automated feature-extraction software packages (Visual Learning Systems' Feature Analyst, ENVI Feature Extraction, and Definiens Developer) were evaluated by comparing their ability to effectively detect the disturbed surface patterns from motorized vehicle traffic. Each package achieved overall accuracies in the 70% range, demonstrating the potential to map the surface patterns. The Definiens classification was more consistent and statistically valid. Copyright ?? 2010 by Bellwether Publishing, Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"GIScience and Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2747/1548-1603.47.1.53","issn":"15481603","usgsCitation":"Mladinich, C., 2010, An evaluation of object-oriented image analysis techniques to identify motorized vehicle effects in semi-arid to arid ecosystems of the American West: GIScience and Remote Sensing, v. 47, no. 1, p. 53-77, https://doi.org/10.2747/1548-1603.47.1.53.","startPage":"53","endPage":"77","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214152,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2747/1548-1603.47.1.53"},{"id":241846,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea4de4b0c8380cd48782","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mladinich, C.","contributorId":9449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mladinich","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70033887,"text":"70033887 - 2010 - Incubating rainbow trout in soft water increased their later sensitivity to cadmium and zinc","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-19T15:40:23","indexId":"70033887","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Incubating rainbow trout in soft water increased their later sensitivity to cadmium and zinc","docAbstract":"<p>Water hardness is well known to affect the toxicity of some metals; however, reports on the influence of hardness during incubation or acclimation on later toxicity to metals have been conflicting. We incubated rainbow trout (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) near the confluence of two streams, one with soft water and one with very-soft water (average incubation hardnesses of about 21 and 11&nbsp;mg/L as CaCO<sub>3</sub>, respectively). After developing to the swim-up stage, the fish were exposed for 96-h to a mixture of cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) in water with a hardness of 27&nbsp;mg/L as CaCO<sub>3</sub>. The fish incubated in the higher hardness water were about two times more resistant than the fish incubated in the extremely soft water. This difference was similar or greater than the difference that would have been predicted by criteria hardness equations had the fish been tested in the different acclimation waters. We think it is plausible that the energy demands for fish to maintain homeostasis in the lower hardness water make the fish more sensitive to metals that inhibit ionoregulation such as Cd and Zn. We suggest that if important decisions were to be based upon test results, assumptions of adequate hardness acclimation should be carefully considered and short acclimation periods avoided. If practical, incubating rainbow trout in the control waters to be tested may reduce uncertainties in the possible influences of differing rearing water hardness on the test results.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/s11270-009-0070-4","issn":"00496979","usgsCitation":"Mebane, C.A., Hennessy, D.P., and Dillon, F.S., 2010, Incubating rainbow trout in soft water increased their later sensitivity to cadmium and zinc: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 205, no. 1-4, p. 245-250, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-009-0070-4.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"245","endPage":"250","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241877,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"205","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-04-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3a0be4b0c8380cd61b1c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mebane, Christopher A. 0000-0002-9089-0267 cmebane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9089-0267","contributorId":110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mebane","given":"Christopher","email":"cmebane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":443025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hennessy, Daniel P.","contributorId":44782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hennessy","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dillon, Frank S.","contributorId":81740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dillon","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033892,"text":"70033892 - 2010 - Recovery of Renibacterium salmoninarum from naturally infected salmonine stocks in Michigan using a modified culture protocol","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033892","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2145,"text":"Journal of Advanced Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recovery of Renibacterium salmoninarum from naturally infected salmonine stocks in Michigan using a modified culture protocol","docAbstract":"Renibacterium salmoninarum, the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease (BKD), is a fastidious and slow-growing bacterium that is extremely difficult to grow in vitro. Herein, we describe a modified primary culture protocol that encompasses a modified bacteriological culture medium and a tissue processing procedure. In order to facilitate the release of R. salmoninarum from granulomatous tissues, kidneys of infected fish were homogenized in a high speed stomacher. The kidney disease medium (KDM2), routinely used for primary culture of R. salmoninarum was modified by the addition of antibiotics and metabolites. When a relatively large inoculum of diluted kidney homogenate was streak-plate inoculated onto the modified KDM2, colonial growth of R. salmoninarum was achieved within 5-7. days, compared to the standard of two weeks or more. The modified procedure was then used to determine the prevalence of R. salmoninarum among representative captive and feral salmonid stocks in Michigan. Prevalence and clinical manifestations varied among species, strains of fish, and locations; however, R. salmoninarum isolates were biochemically homogenous. The improved primary culture procedure described in this study enabled selective and quick isolation of R. salmoninarum. Also, the isolates retrieved in this study constitute a unique biological resource for future studies of R. salmoninarum in the Laurentian Great Lakes. ?? 2009 University of Cairo.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Advanced Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jare.2010.02.010","issn":"20901232","usgsCitation":"Faisal, M., Eissa, A., and Starliper, C.E., 2010, Recovery of Renibacterium salmoninarum from naturally infected salmonine stocks in Michigan using a modified culture protocol: Journal of Advanced Research, v. 1, no. 1, p. 95-102, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2010.02.010.","startPage":"95","endPage":"102","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475916,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2010.02.010","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214240,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2010.02.010"},{"id":241940,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a327e4b0e8fec6cdb78c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faisal, M.","contributorId":19116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faisal","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eissa, A.E.","contributorId":67308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eissa","given":"A.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Starliper, C. E.","contributorId":59739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starliper","given":"C.","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033893,"text":"70033893 - 2010 - Effects of invasive alien kahili ginger (Hedychium gardnerianum) on native plant species regeneration in a Hawaiian rainforest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033893","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":849,"text":"Applied Vegetation Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of invasive alien kahili ginger (Hedychium gardnerianum) on native plant species regeneration in a Hawaiian rainforest","docAbstract":"Questions: Does the invasive alien Hedychium gardnerianum (1) replace native understory species, (2) suppress natural regeneration of native plant species, (3) increase the invasiveness of other non-native plants and (4) are native forests are able to recover after removal of H. gardnerianum. Location: A mature rainforest in Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park on the island of Hawai'i (about 1200 m. a.s.l.; precipitation approximately 2770mm yr<sup>-1</sup>). Study sites included natural plots without effects of alien plants, ginger plots with a H. gardnerianum-domimted herb layer and cleared plots treated with herbicide to remove alien plants. Methods: Counting mature trees, saplings and seedlings of native and alien plant species. Using nonparametric H-tests to compare impact of H. gardnerianum on the structure of different sites. Results: Results confirmed the hypothesis that H. gardnerianum has negative effects on natural forest dynamics. Lower numbers of native tree seedlings and saplings were found on ginger-dominated plots. Furthermore, H. gardnerianum did not show negative effects on the invasive alien tree species Psidium cattleianum. Conclusions: This study reveals that where dominance of H. gardnerianum persists, regeneration of the forest by native species will be inhibited. Furthermore, these areas might experience invasion by P. cattleianum, resulting in displacement of native canopy species in the future, leading to a change in forest structure and loss of other species dependent on natural rainforest, such as endemic birds. However, if H. gardnerianum is removed the native Hawaiian forest is likely to regenerate and regain its natural structure. ?? 2009 International Association for Vegetation Science.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Vegetation Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1654-109X.2009.01056.x","issn":"14022001","usgsCitation":"Minden, V., Jacobi, J., Porembski, S., and Boehmer, H., 2010, Effects of invasive alien kahili ginger (Hedychium gardnerianum) on native plant species regeneration in a Hawaiian rainforest: Applied Vegetation Science, v. 13, no. 1, p. 5-14, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-109X.2009.01056.x.","startPage":"5","endPage":"14","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214266,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-109X.2009.01056.x"},{"id":241971,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-01-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a072be4b0c8380cd515ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Minden, V.","contributorId":15846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minden","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacobi, J.D.","contributorId":13570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobi","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Porembski, S.","contributorId":78566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porembski","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boehmer, H.J.","contributorId":69794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boehmer","given":"H.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033894,"text":"70033894 - 2010 - Reconciling uncertain costs and benefits in bayes nets for invasive species management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033894","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3300,"text":"Risk Analysis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reconciling uncertain costs and benefits in bayes nets for invasive species management","docAbstract":"Bayes nets are used increasingly to characterize environmental systems and formalize probabilistic reasoning to support decision making. These networks treat probabilities as exact quantities. Sensitivity analysis can be used to evaluate the importance of assumptions and parameter estimates. Here, we outline an application of info-gap theory to Bayes nets that evaluates the sensitivity of decisions to possibly large errors in the underlying probability estimates and utilities. We apply it to an example of management and eradication of Red Imported Fire Ants in Southern Queensland, Australia and show how changes in management decisions can be justified when uncertainty is considered. ?? 2009 Society for Risk Analysis.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Risk Analysis","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01273.x","issn":"02724332","usgsCitation":"Burgman, M., Wintle, B., Thompson, C.A., Moilanen, A., Runge, M., and Ben-Haim, Y., 2010, Reconciling uncertain costs and benefits in bayes nets for invasive species management: Risk Analysis, v. 30, no. 2, p. 277-284, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01273.x.","startPage":"277","endPage":"284","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214267,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01273.x"},{"id":241972,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a96a1e4b0c8380cd820ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burgman, M.A.","contributorId":88851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burgman","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wintle, B.A.","contributorId":72100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wintle","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, C. A.","contributorId":98769,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moilanen, A.","contributorId":91214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moilanen","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Runge, M.C. 0000-0002-8081-536X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":49312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ben-Haim, Y.","contributorId":73315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ben-Haim","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70033896,"text":"70033896 - 2010 - Intraspecific variation in growth of marsh macrophytes in response to salinity and soil type: Implications for wetland restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-27T15:22:18","indexId":"70033896","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intraspecific variation in growth of marsh macrophytes in response to salinity and soil type: Implications for wetland restoration","docAbstract":"<p><span>Genetic diversity within plant populations can influence plant community structure along environmental gradients. In wetland habitats, salinity and soil type are factors that can vary along gradients and therefore affect plant growth. To test for intraspecific growth variation in response to these factors, a greenhouse study was conducted using common plants that occur in northern Gulf of Mexico brackish and salt marshes. Individual plants of&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Distichlis spicata</i><span>,&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Phragmites australis</i><span>,&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Schoenoplectus californicus</i><span>, and&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Schoenoplectus robustus</i><span>&nbsp;were collected from several locations along the coast in Louisiana, USA. Plant identity, based on collection location, was used as a measure of intraspecific variability. Prepared soil mixtures were organic, silt, or clay, and salinity treatments were 0 or 18&nbsp;psu. Significant intraspecific variation in stem number, total stem height, or biomass was found in all species. Within species, response to soil type varied, but increased salinity significantly decreased growth in all individuals. Findings indicate that inclusion of multiple genets within species is an important consideration for marsh restoration projects that include vegetation plantings. This strategy will facilitate establishment of plant communities that have the flexibility to adapt to changing environmental conditions and, therefore, are capable of persisting over time.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-009-9227-z","issn":"15592723","usgsCitation":"Howard, R., 2010, Intraspecific variation in growth of marsh macrophytes in response to salinity and soil type: Implications for wetland restoration: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 33, no. 1, p. 127-138, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-009-9227-z.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"127","endPage":"138","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242007,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214299,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-009-9227-z"}],"volume":"33","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3dcae4b0c8380cd63851","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howard, R.J. 0000-0001-7264-4364","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7264-4364","contributorId":86452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"R.J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":443082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70033897,"text":"70033897 - 2010 - Microclimate and propagule availability are equally important for rehabilitation of dryland N-fixing lichens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033897","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3271,"text":"Restoration Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microclimate and propagule availability are equally important for rehabilitation of dryland N-fixing lichens","docAbstract":"In some arid regions, rehabilitation of whole system N-fixation may be strongly facilitated by the recovery of populations of the lichen genus Collema. Identification of the limits to recovery of Collema in apparently suitable habitat should inform selection of rehabilitation techniques. We simultaneously tested the relative importance of three hypothetical limits to Collema recovery: active erosion, resource limitation, and propagule scarcity. We found that in our experimental system, active erosion had no effect on short-term establishment of Collema, whereas propagule addition did enhance recovery and microhabitat (a resource availability gradient) also exerted a strong influence. It is possible that attempts to improve N cycling via re-establishment of Collema might be best served by developing economical means of simulating moister, cooler microhabitats, e.g., sloping soil or creating partial shade, which would favor the establishment of naturally dispersed propagules, rather than introducing propagules. ?? 2009 Society for Ecological Restoration International.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Restoration Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1526-100X.2009.00578.x","issn":"10612971","usgsCitation":"Bowker, M.A., Belnap, J., and Davidson, D.W., 2010, Microclimate and propagule availability are equally important for rehabilitation of dryland N-fixing lichens: Restoration Ecology, v. 18, no. 1, p. 30-33, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100X.2009.00578.x.","startPage":"30","endPage":"33","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214300,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100X.2009.00578.x"},{"id":242008,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a566fe4b0c8380cd6d5bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowker, M. A.","contributorId":18901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowker","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belnap, J. 0000-0001-7471-2279","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":23872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davidson, D. W.","contributorId":52389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davidson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}