Carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and mercury (Hg) emissions were quantified for two eastern Kentucky coal-seam fires, the Truman Shepherd fire in Floyd County and the Ruth Mullins fire in Perry County. This study is one of the first to estimate gas emissions from coal fires using field measurements at gas vents. The Truman Shepherd fire emissions are nearly 1400 t CO2/yr and 16 kg Hg/yr resulting from a coal combustion rate of 450–550 t/yr. The sum of CO2 emissions from seven vents at the Ruth Mullins fire is 726±72 t/yr, suggesting that the fire is consuming about 250–280 t coal/yr. Total Ruth Mullins fire CO and Hg emissions are estimated at 21±1.8 t/yr and >840±170 g/yr, respectively. The CO2 emissions are environmentally significant, but low compared to coal-fired power plants; for example, 3.9×106 t CO2/yr for a 514-MW boiler in Kentucky. Using simple calculations, CO2 and Hg emissions from coal-fires in the U.S. are estimated at 1.4×107– 2.9×108 t/yr and 0.58–11.5 t/yr, respectively. This initial work indicates that coal fires may be an important source of CO2, CO, Hg and other atmospheric constituents.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.12.005","usgsCitation":"O’Keefe, J.M., Henke, K.R., Hower, J., Engle, M.A., Stracher, G.B., Stucker, J., Drew, J.W., Staggs, W.D., Murray, T.M., Hammond, M.L., Adkins, K.D., Mullins, B.J., and Lemley, E.W., 2010, CO2, CO, and Hg emissions from the Truman Shepherd and Ruth Mullins coal fires, eastern Kentucky, USA: Science of the Total Environment, v. 408, no. 7, p. 1628-1633, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.12.005.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1628","endPage":"1633","ipdsId":"IP-015234","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348441,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","county":"Floyd County, Perry 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Stratigraphic reassessment and new U/Pb zircon ages support a model of east-directed Middle Ordovician subduction beneath Miramichi, a peri-Gondwanan block, and formation of the Falmouth-Brunswick–Casco Bay volcanic arc complex that is roughly correlative with arc activity on strike in New Brunswick. Passive Late Ordovician sedimentation in a reducing restricted backarc basin followed. Late Ordovician to Early Silurian volcanic rocks and volcanogenic sediments (East Harpswell Group) support west-directed subduction under the Miramichi block. Late Ordovician to Early Silurian turbidites accumulated in the Merribuckfred Basin between the Falmouth-Brunswick–Casco Bay arc and Ganderia to the east. The collision of Ganderia with the Falmouth Brunswick arc in Late Silurian time represents an early phase of the Acadian orogeny, during which the Merribuckfred rocks were deformed, metamorphosed, intruded, and uplifted. Simultaneously and inboard, the Central Maine Basin received sediment eroded mostly from Laurentia. Later, during the Late Silurian and Early Devonian, uplifted Merribuckfred basin rocks became the major source of sediments for the Central Maine Basin. A later phase of the Acadian orogeny resulted in Middle Devonian deformation, metamorphism, and intrusion of rocks of all six belts.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"From Rodinia to Pangea: the lithotectonic record of the Appalachian Region","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/2010.1206(10)","usgsCitation":"Hussey, A.M., Bothner, W.A., and Alienikoff, J.N., 2010, The tectono-stratigraphic framework and evolution of southwestern Maine and southeastern New Hampshire, chap. of From Rodinia to Pangea: the lithotectonic record of the Appalachian Region, p. 205-230, https://doi.org/10.1130/2010.1206(10).","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"205","endPage":"230","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308079,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560bb70ce4b058f706e53f29","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Tollo, Richard P.","contributorId":6465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tollo","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572148,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Hussey, Arthur M. II.","contributorId":147611,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hussey","given":"Arthur","suffix":"II.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bothner, Wallace A.","contributorId":80270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bothner","given":"Wallace","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":572146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alienikoff, John N.","contributorId":85078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alienikoff","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70157415,"text":"70157415 - 2010 - Guidelines to indirectly measure and enhance detection efficiency of stationary PIT tag interrogation systems in streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-22T17:02:09","indexId":"70157415","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"2010-002","title":"Guidelines to indirectly measure and enhance detection efficiency of stationary PIT tag interrogation systems in streams","docAbstract":"With increasing use of passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags and reliance on stationary PIT tag interrogation systems to monitor fish populations, guidelines are offered to inform users how best to use limited funding and human resources to create functional systems that maximize a desired level of detection and precision. The estimators of detection efficiency and their variability as described by Connolly et al. (2008) are explored over a span of likely performance metrics. These estimators were developed to estimate detection efficiency without relying on a known number of fish passing the system. I present graphical displays of the results derived from these estimators to show the potential efficiency and precision to be gained by adding an array or by increasing the number of PIT-tagged fish expected to move past an interrogation system.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"PNAMP Special Publication: Tagging, Telemetry and Marking Measures for Monitoring Fish Populations: A compendium of new and recent science for use in informing technique and decision modalities","language":"English","publisher":"Pacific Northwest Aquatic Monitoring Partnership","usgsCitation":"Connolly, P., 2010, Guidelines to indirectly measure and enhance detection efficiency of stationary PIT tag interrogation systems in streams, chap. of PNAMP Special Publication: Tagging, Telemetry and Marking Measures for Monitoring Fish Populations: A compendium of new and recent science for use in informing technique and decision modalities, p. 119-125.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"119","endPage":"125","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308403,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56027bd8e4b03bc34f544852","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Wolf, Keith","contributorId":147874,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolf","given":"Keith","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573084,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Neal, Jennifer S.","contributorId":147875,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Neal","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573085,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Connolly, Patrick J. 0000-0001-7365-7618 pconnolly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7365-7618","contributorId":2920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connolly","given":"Patrick J.","email":"pconnolly@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70003706,"text":"70003706 - 2010 - H is for highway","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-05T10:07:58","indexId":"70003706","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":674,"text":"Aggregates Manager","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"H is for highway","docAbstract":"From cow paths to freeways, we seldom appreciate what went into America's highway system.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aggregates Manager","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Randall Reilly Publishing","usgsCitation":"Langer, W.H., 2010, H is for highway: Aggregates Manager, v. 15, no. 8, p. 36-36.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"36","endPage":"36","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203902,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":24487,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.aggman.com/carved-in-stone-6/?pg=1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"15","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aefe4b07f02db69160b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langer, W. H.","contributorId":44932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70003705,"text":"70003705 - 2010 - K is for potassium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-05T10:12:58","indexId":"70003705","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":674,"text":"Aggregates Manager","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"K is for potassium","docAbstract":"K - the chemical symbol for the element/metal potassium.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aggregates Manager","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Randall Reilly Publishing","usgsCitation":"Langer, W.H., 2010, K is for potassium: Aggregates Manager, v. 15, no. 11, p. 36-36.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"36","endPage":"36","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203901,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":24501,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.aggman.com/carved-in-stone-9/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"15","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b48ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langer, W. H.","contributorId":44932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70192568,"text":"70192568 - 2010 - BRIDGES: Evolution of basic and applied linkages in benthic science","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T12:41:57","indexId":"70192568","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2564,"text":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","onlineIssn":"1937-237X","printIssn":"0887-3593","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"BRIDGES: Evolution of basic and applied linkages in benthic science","docAbstract":"Growing awareness of environmental degradation resulted in stricter environmental regulations and laws for aquatic ecosystems. These regulations were followed by an increase in applied research and monitoring beginning in the early 1970s. The number of applied scientists who were members of the North American Benthological Society grew at a commensurate rate. The editors of J-NABS recognized that, despite these increases, submitted manuscripts mostly addressed basic science. In response, the BRIDGES section of J-NABS was created in 1994 to provide a forum for linking basic ecological principles to applied science problems and issues. We examined the emergence of applied science topics in J-NABS and its predecessor, Freshwater Invertebrate Biology, from their beginning in 1982 to 2009. We classified papers among 11 categories that included a basic/applied science linkage. In the 1980s, applied papers were predominantly on effects of eutrophication/pollution and landuse changes. When BRIDGES was established in 1994, papers were solicited by editors and BRIDGES sections usually included >1 paper on a common theme to express complementary or alternate viewpoints. Forty-two papers appeared in BRIDGES between 1994 and 2009, but the number per issue declined after 2001. The total number of applied science papers in J-NABS has increased since ∼1994. Citation analysis of BRIDGES papers illustrates how information is being cited, but applied papers often are used in ways that might not lead to citations. BRIDGES transitioned to a new format in September 2009 to address new types of complex, multifaceted linkages. All new BRIDGES articles will be open access, and authors will be encouraged to produce lay-language fact sheets and to post them on the web.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1899/08-031.1","usgsCitation":"Aumen, N.G., Gurtz, M.E., Barbour, M.T., and Moerke, A., 2010, BRIDGES: Evolution of basic and applied linkages in benthic science: Journal of the North American Benthological Society, v. 29, no. 1, p. 359-371, https://doi.org/10.1899/08-031.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"359","endPage":"371","ipdsId":"IP-014513","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347465,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07f62ee4b09af898c8cdf4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aumen, Nicholas G. 0000-0002-5277-2630 naumen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5277-2630","contributorId":5418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aumen","given":"Nicholas","email":"naumen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13415,"text":"Everglades National Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":716268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gurtz, Martin E. megurtz@usgs.gov","contributorId":2987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gurtz","given":"Martin","email":"megurtz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":716269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barbour, Michael T.","contributorId":198484,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barbour","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":16286,"text":"Tetra Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moerke, Ashley","contributorId":198485,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moerke","given":"Ashley","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35243,"text":"Lake Superior State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036421,"text":"70036421 - 2010 - Water quality of least-impaired lakes in eastern and southern Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:03","indexId":"70036421","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water quality of least-impaired lakes in eastern and southern Arkansas","docAbstract":"A three-phased study identified one least-impaired (reference) lake for each of four Arkansas lake classifications: three classifications in the Mississippi Alluvial Plain (MAP) ecoregion and a fourth classification in the South Central Plains (SCP) ecoregion. Water quality at three of the least-impaired lakes generally was comparable and also was comparable to water quality from Kansas and Missouri reference lakes and Texas least-impaired lakes. Water quality of one least-impaired lake in the MAP ecoregion was not as good as water quality in other least-impaired lakes in Arkansas or in the three other states: a probable consequence of all lakes in that classification having a designated use as a source of irrigation water. Chemical and physical conditions for all four lake classifications were at times naturally harsh as limnological characteristics changed temporally. As a consequence of allochthonous organic material, oxbow lakes isolated within watersheds comprised of swamps were susceptible to low dissolved oxygen concentrations to the extent that conditions would be limiting to some aquatic biota. Also, pH in lakes in the SCP ecoregion was <6.0, a level exceeding current Arkansas water-quality standards but typical of black water systems. Water quality of the deepest lakes exceeded that of shallow lakes. N/P ratios and trophic state indices may be less effective for assessing water quality for shallow lakes (<2 m) than for deep lakes because there is an increased exposure of sediment (and associated phosphorus) to disturbance and light in the former. ?? 2009 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10661-009-1120-5","issn":"01676369","usgsCitation":"Justus, B., 2010, Water quality of least-impaired lakes in eastern and southern Arkansas: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 168, no. 1-4, p. 363-383, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1120-5.","startPage":"363","endPage":"383","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218350,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1120-5"},{"id":246350,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"168","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc8d4e4b08c986b32cb24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Justus, B.","contributorId":74232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Justus","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70192280,"text":"70192280 - 2010 - Shaded seafloor relief, backscatter strength, and surficial geology; German Bank, Scotian Shelf, offshore Nova Scotia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-20T13:20:46","indexId":"70192280","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5589,"text":"Open File","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"6124","title":"Shaded seafloor relief, backscatter strength, and surficial geology; German Bank, Scotian Shelf, offshore Nova Scotia","docAbstract":"This map is part of a three-map series of German Bank, located on the Scotian Shelf off southern Nova Scotia. This map is the product of a number of surveys (1997-2003) that used a multibeam sonar system to map 5321 km2 of the seafloor. Other surveys collected geological data for scientific interpretation. This map sheet shows the seafloor topography of German Bank in shaded-relief view and seafloor depth (coded by colour) at a scale of 1:1000,000. Topographic contours generated from the multibeam data are shown (in white) on the colour-coded multibeam topography at a depth interval of 20 m. Bathymetic contours (in blue) outside the multibeam survey area, presented at a depth interval of 10 m, are from the Natural Resource Map series (Canadian Hydrographic Service, 1967, 1971a, 1971b, 1972). Sheet 2 shows coloured backscatter strength in shaded-relief view. Sheet 3 shows seafloor topography in shaded-relief view with colour-coded surficial geological units.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Survey of Canada","doi":"10.4095/261833","usgsCitation":"Todd, B., and Valentine, P.C., 2010, Shaded seafloor relief, backscatter strength, and surficial geology; German Bank, Scotian Shelf, offshore Nova Scotia: Open File 6124, 3 Sheets: 59.56 x 40.18 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.4095/261833.","productDescription":"3 Sheets: 59.56 x 40.18 inches or smaller","ipdsId":"IP-014439","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475950,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4095/261833","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":351824,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":347195,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/starweb/geoscan/servlet.starweb?path=geoscan/fulle.web&search1=R=261833"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nova Scotia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -66.85,\n 43.7\n ],\n [\n -65.45,\n 43.7\n ],\n [\n -65.45,\n 42.9667\n ],\n [\n -66.85,\n 42.9667\n ],\n [\n -66.85,\n 43.7\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afef89ee4b0da30c1bfc9c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Todd, B.J.","contributorId":120970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Todd","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Valentine, Page C. 0000-0002-0485-6266 pvalentine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0485-6266","contributorId":1947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"Page","email":"pvalentine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70034209,"text":"70034209 - 2010 - Growth, carbon-isotope discrimination, and drought-associated mortality across a Pinus ponderosa elevational transect","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-23T11:05:20","indexId":"70034209","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Growth, carbon-isotope discrimination, and drought-associated mortality across a Pinus ponderosa elevational transect","title":"Growth, carbon-isotope discrimination, and drought-associated mortality across a Pinus ponderosa elevational transect","docAbstract":"Drought- and insect-associated tree mortality at low-elevation ecotones is a widespread phenomenon but the underlying mechanisms are uncertain. Enhanced growth sensitivity to climate is widely observed among trees that die, indicating that a predisposing physiological mechanism(s) underlies tree mortality. We tested three, linked hypotheses regarding mortality using a ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) elevation transect that experienced low-elevation mortality following prolonged drought. The hypotheses were: (1) mortality was associated with greater growth sensitivity to climate, (2) mortality was associated with greater sensitivity of gas exchange to climate, and (3) growth and gas exchange were correlated. Support for all three hypotheses would indicate that mortality results at least in part from gas exchange constraints. We assessed growth using basal area increment normalized by tree basal area [basal area increment (BAI)/basal area (BA)] to account for differences in tree size. Whole-crown gas exchange was indexed via estimates of the CO2 partial pressure difference between leaf and atmosphere (pa−pc) derived from tree ring carbon isotope ratios (δ13C), corrected for temporal trends in atmospheric CO2 and δ13C and elevation trends in pressure. Trees that survived the drought exhibited strong correlations among and between BAI, BAI/BA, pa−pc, and climate. In contrast, trees that died exhibited greater growth sensitivity to climate than trees that survived, no sensitivity of pa−pc to climate, and a steep relationship between pa−pc and BAI/BA. The pa−pc results are consistent with predictions from a theoretical hydraulic model, suggesting trees that died had a limited buffer between mean water availability during their lifespan and water availability during drought – i.e., chronic water stress. It appears that chronic water stress predisposed low-elevation trees to mortality during drought via constrained gas exchange. Continued intensification of drought in mid-latitude regions may drive increased mortality and ecotone shifts in temperate forests and woodlands.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01994.x","usgsCitation":"McDowell, N., Allen, C.D., and Marshall, L., 2010, Growth, carbon-isotope discrimination, and drought-associated mortality across a Pinus ponderosa elevational transect: Global Change Biology, v. 16, no. 1, p. 399-415, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01994.x.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"399","endPage":"415","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244396,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2e0fe4b0c8380cd5c288","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McDowell, N.G.","contributorId":93296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDowell","given":"N.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":444617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marshall, L.","contributorId":37171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70192521,"text":"70192521 - 2010 - Distribution and habitat use by the critically endangered Stout Iguana (Cyclura pinguis) on Guana Island, British Virgin Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-28T14:00:47","indexId":"70192521","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1951,"text":"IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Distribution and habitat use by the critically endangered Stout Iguana (Cyclura pinguis) on Guana Island, British Virgin Islands","title":"Distribution and habitat use by the critically endangered Stout Iguana (Cyclura pinguis) on Guana Island, British Virgin Islands","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"IRCF","usgsCitation":"Anderson, W.M., Sorensen, G.E., Lloyd-Strovas, J.D., Arroyo, R.J., Sosa, J.A., Wulff, S.J., Bibles, B.D., Boal, C.W., and Perry, G., 2010, Distribution and habitat use by the critically endangered Stout Iguana (Cyclura pinguis) on Guana Island, British Virgin Islands: IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians, v. 17, no. 3, p. 158-165.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"158","endPage":"165","ipdsId":"IP-019609","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349472,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"British Virgin Islands","otherGeospatial":"Guana Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -64.58527565002441,\n 18.46235033603078\n ],\n [\n -64.55703735351562,\n 18.46235033603078\n ],\n [\n -64.55703735351562,\n 18.49112747057403\n ],\n [\n -64.58527565002441,\n 18.49112747057403\n ],\n [\n -64.58527565002441,\n 18.46235033603078\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a610ad0e4b06e28e9c256fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Wesley M.","contributorId":200940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Wesley","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sorensen, Grant E.","contributorId":41762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorensen","given":"Grant","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lloyd-Strovas, Jenny D.","contributorId":200941,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lloyd-Strovas","given":"Jenny","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Arroyo, Renaldo J.","contributorId":200942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arroyo","given":"Renaldo","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sosa, J. 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Gully erosion has removed 300,000 to 600,000 m3 of mostly fine-grained volcanic sediment from the flanks of the volcano and much of this has reached the ocean. Sediment yield estimates from two representative drainage basins on the south and west flanks of the volcano, with drainage areas of 0.7 and 0.5 km2, are about 104 m3 km-2 yr-1 and are comparable to sediment yields documented at other volcanoes affected by recent eruptive activity. Estimates of the retreat of coastal cliffs also made from analysis of satellite images indicate average annual erosion rates of 80 to 140 m yr-1. If such rates persist it could take 35 years for wave erosion to reach the pre-eruption coastline, which was extended seaward about 400 m by the accumulation of erupted volcanic material. As of 13 September 2009, the date of the most recent satellite image of the island, the total volume of material eroded by wave action was about 106 m3. We did not investigate the distribution of volcanic sediment in the near shore ocean around Kasatochi Island, but it appears that erosion and sediment dispersal in the nearshore environment will be greatest during large storms when the combination of high waves and rainfall runoff are most likely to coincide. ?? 2010 Regents of the University of Colorado.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.260","issn":"15230430","usgsCitation":"Waythomas, C.F., Scott, W.E., and Nye, C., 2010, The geomorphology of an Aleutian volcano following a major eruption: The 7-8 August 2008 eruption of Kasatochi Volcano, Alaska, and its aftermath: Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, v. 42, no. 3, p. 260-275, https://doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.260.","startPage":"260","endPage":"275","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475921,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.260","text":"External Repository"},{"id":217160,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.260"},{"id":245081,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bac80e4b08c986b323531","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waythomas, C. F.","contributorId":10065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waythomas","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, W. E.","contributorId":22773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nye, C.J.","contributorId":42734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nye","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70034524,"text":"70034524 - 2010 - The nearshore benthic community of Kasatochi Island, one year after the 2008 volcanic eruption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-14T13:33:52","indexId":"70034524","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":899,"text":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The nearshore benthic community of Kasatochi Island, one year after the 2008 volcanic eruption","docAbstract":"A description is presented of the nearshore benthic community of Kasatochi Island 10–12 months after a catastrophic volcanic eruption in 2008. The eruption extended the coastline of the island approximately 400 m offshore, mainly along the south, southeast, and southwest shores, to roughly the 20 m isobath. Existing canopy kelp of Eualaria (Alaria) fistulosa, as well as limited understory algal species and associated fauna (e.g., urchin barrens) on the hard substratum were apparently buried following the eruption. Samples and observations revealed the substrate around the island in 2009 was comprised almost entirely of medium and coarse sands with a depauperate benthic community, dominated by opportunistic pontogeneiid amphipods. Comparisons of habitat and biological communities with other nearby Aleutian Islands, as well as with the Icelandic volcanic island of Surtsey, confirm dramatic reductions in flora and fauna consistent with an early stage of recovery from a large-scale disturbance event.
","language":"English","publisher":"Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR), University of Colorado","doi":"10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.315","issn":"15230430","usgsCitation":"Jewett, S., Bodkin, J.L., Chenelot, H., Esslinger, G.G., and Hoberg, M., 2010, The nearshore benthic community of Kasatochi Island, one year after the 2008 volcanic eruption: Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, v. 42, no. 3, p. 315-324, https://doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.315.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"315","endPage":"324","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475798,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.315","text":"External Repository"},{"id":243842,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216003,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.315"}],"volume":"42","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae0ae4b08c986b323ed0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jewett, S.C.","contributorId":73947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jewett","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chenelot, H.","contributorId":83757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chenelot","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Esslinger, George G. 0000-0002-3459-0083 gesslinger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3459-0083","contributorId":131009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esslinger","given":"George","email":"gesslinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hoberg, M.K.","contributorId":45538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoberg","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70003330,"text":"70003330 - 2010 - J is for jack","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-05T10:11:21","indexId":"70003330","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":674,"text":"Aggregates Manager","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"J is for jack","docAbstract":"The early days of drilling created a test of strength and endurance for miners.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aggregates Manager","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Randall Reilly Publishing","usgsCitation":"Langer, W.H., 2010, J is for jack: Aggregates Manager, v. 15, no. 10, p. 40-40.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"40","endPage":"40","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204070,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":24500,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.aggman.com/carved-in-stone-8/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"15","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db666feb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langer, W. 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On the basis of the trajectories along which these M. saxatilis moved from feeding to overwintering areas, three migratory groups emerged. After leaving Plum Island Estuary, about half of the fish were detected only in a mid-latitude array, Long Island Sound. The other half of the tagged fish were detected during autumn and winter in a more southern array, the Delaware Estuary. This latter group of fish may have used two routes. Some travelled to the Delaware Estuary through Long Island Sound while other fish may have taken a second, more direct, coastal route that did not include Long Island Sound. Consequently, a seemingly homogeneous group of fish tagged at the same time in the same non-natal feeding location exhibited a diversity of southward movement patterns that could affect population-level processes. These three groups that differed in overwintering location and migration route could be movement contingents with migratory connectivity.
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A.","contributorId":117052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fox","given":"Dewayne","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12970,"text":"Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Delaware State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":462441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Savoy, Tom","contributorId":83369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savoy","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brundage, Harold M. 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Woods Hole, MA 02543.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":462439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Muth, Robert M.","contributorId":41682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muth","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70037712,"text":"70037712 - 2010 - Dacite petrogenesis on mid-ocean ridges: Evidence for oceanic crustal melting and assimilation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:34","indexId":"70037712","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2420,"text":"Journal of Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dacite petrogenesis on mid-ocean ridges: Evidence for oceanic crustal melting and assimilation","docAbstract":"Whereas the majority of eruptions at oceanic spreading centers produce lavas with relatively homogeneous mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) compositions, the formation of tholeiitic andesites and dacites at mid-ocean ridges (MORs) is a petrological enigma. Eruptions of MOR high-silica lavas are typically associated with ridge discontinuities and have produced regionally significant volumes of lava. Andesites and dacites have been observed and sampled at several locations along the global MOR system; these include propagating ridge tips at ridge-transform intersections on the Juan de Fuca Ridge and eastern Gal??pagos spreading center, and at the 9??N overlapping spreading center on the East Pacific Rise. Despite the formation of these lavas at various ridges, MOR dacites show remarkably similar major element trends and incompatible trace element enrichments, suggesting that similar processes are controlling their chemistry. Although most geochemical variability in MOR basalts is consistent with low-pressure fractional crystallization of various mantle-derived parental melts, our geochemical data for MOR dacitic glasses suggest that contamination from a seawater-altered component is important in their petrogenesis. MOR dacites are characterized by elevated U, Th, Zr, and Hf, low Nb and Ta concentrations relative to rare earth elements (REE), and Al2O3, K2O, and Cl concentrations that are higher than expected from low-pressure fractional crystallization alone. Petrological modeling of MOR dacites suggests that partial melting and assimilation are both integral to their petrogenesis. Extensive fractional crystallization of a MORB parent combined with partial melting and assimilation of amphibole-bearing altered crust produces a magma with a geochemical signature similar to a MOR dacite. This supports the hypothesis that crustal assimilation is an important process in the formation of highly evolved MOR lavas and may be significant in the generation of evolved MORB in general. Additionally, these processes are likely to be more common in regions of episodic magma supply and enhanced magma-crust interaction such as at the ends of ridge segments. ?? The Author 2010. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1093/petrology/egq056","issn":"00223530","usgsCitation":"Wanless, V., Perfit, M., Ridley, W., and Klein, E., 2010, Dacite petrogenesis on mid-ocean ridges: Evidence for oceanic crustal melting and assimilation: Journal of Petrology, v. 51, no. 12, p. 2377-2410, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egq056.","startPage":"2377","endPage":"2410","numberOfPages":"34","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475859,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egq056","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245887,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217914,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egq056"}],"volume":"51","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd57e4b0c8380cd4e7ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wanless, V.D.","contributorId":30487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanless","given":"V.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perfit, M.R.","contributorId":45467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perfit","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ridley, W.I.","contributorId":72122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ridley","given":"W.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Klein, E.","contributorId":97356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klein","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034551,"text":"70034551 - 2010 - Modeling fire severity in black spruce stands in the Alaskan boreal forest using spectral and non-spectral geospatial data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T11:30:36","indexId":"70034551","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling fire severity in black spruce stands in the Alaskan boreal forest using spectral and non-spectral geospatial data","docAbstract":"Biomass burning in the Alaskan interior is already a major disturbance and source of carbon emissions, and is likely to increase in response to the warming and drying predicted for the future climate. In addition to quantifying changes to the spatial and temporal patterns of burned areas, observing variations in severity is the key to studying the impact of changes to the fire regime on carbon cycling, energy budgets, and post-fire succession. Remote sensing indices of fire severity have not consistently been well-correlated with in situ observations of important severity characteristics in Alaskan black spruce stands, including depth of burning of the surface organic layer. The incorporation of ancillary data such as in situ observations and GIS layers with spectral data from Landsat TM/ETM+ greatly improved efforts to map the reduction of the organic layer in burned black spruce stands. Using a regression tree approach, the R2 of the organic layer depth reduction models was 0.60 and 0.55 (pb0.01) for relative and absolute depth reduction, respectively. All of the independent variables used by the regression tree to estimate burn depth can be obtained independently of field observations. Implementation of a gradient boosting algorithm improved the R2 to 0.80 and 0.79 (pb0.01) for absolute and relative organic layer depth reduction, respectively. Independent variables used in the regression tree model of burn depth included topographic position, remote sensing indices related to soil and vegetation characteristics, timing of the fire event, and meteorological data. Post-fire organic layer depth characteristics are determined for a large (N200,000 ha) fire to identify areas that are potentially vulnerable to a shift in post-fire succession. This application showed that 12% of this fire event experienced fire severe enough to support a change in post-fire succession. We conclude that non-parametric models and ancillary data are useful in the modeling of the surface organic layer fire depth. Because quantitative differences in post-fire surface characteristics do not directly influence spectral properties, these modeling techniques provide better information than the use of remote sensing data alone.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2010.02.001","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Barrett, K.M., Kasischke, E., McGuire, A., Turetsky, M., and Kane, E., 2010, Modeling fire severity in black spruce stands in the Alaskan boreal forest using spectral and non-spectral geospatial data: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 114, no. 7, p. 1494-1503, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.02.001.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1494","endPage":"1503","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-018226","costCenters":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243722,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215887,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.02.001"}],"volume":"114","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5bf8e4b0c8380cd6f937","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barrett, Kirsten M. kbarrett@usgs.gov","contributorId":2979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barrett","given":"Kirsten","email":"kbarrett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":446347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kasischke, E.S.","contributorId":61201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kasischke","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Turetsky, M.R.","contributorId":107470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turetsky","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kane, E.S.","contributorId":42275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kane","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70034046,"text":"70034046 - 2010 - The architecture of the Cassini division","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:49","indexId":"70034046","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":914,"text":"Astronomical Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The architecture of the Cassini division","docAbstract":"The Cassini Division in Saturn's rings contains a series of eight named gaps, three of which contain dense ringlets. Observations of stellar occultations by the Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer onboard the Cassini spacecraft have yielded 40 accurate and precise measurements of the radial position of the edges of all of these gaps and ringlets. These data reveal suggestive patterns in the shapes of many of the gap edges: the outer edges of the five gaps without ringlets are circular to within 1 km, while the inner edges of six of the gaps are eccentric, with apsidal precession rates consistent with those expected for eccentric orbits near each edge. Intriguingly, the pattern speeds of these eccentric inner gap edges, together with that of the eccentric Huygens Ringlet, form a series with a characteristic spacing of 006 day-1. The two gaps with non-eccentric inner edges lie near first-order inner Lindblad resonances (ILRs) with moons. One such edge is close to the 5:4 ILR with Prometheus, and the radial excursions of this edge do appear to have an m = 5 component aligned with that moon. The other resonantly confined edge is the outer edge of the B ring, which lies near the 2:1 Mimas ILR. Detailed investigation of the B-ring-edge data confirm the presence of an m = 2 perturbation on the B-ring edge, but also show that during the course of the Cassini Mission, this pattern has drifted backward relative to Mimas. Comparisons with earlier occultation measurements going back to Voyager suggest the possibility that the m = 2 pattern is actually librating relative to Mimas with a libration frequency L 006 day-1 (or possibly 012 day -1). In addition to the m = 2 pattern, the B-ring edge also has an m = 1 component that rotates around the planet at a rate close to the expected apsidal precession rate (?? ?? ?? B ??? 5.??06 day -1). Thus, the pattern speeds of the eccentric edges in the Cassini Division can be generated from various combinations of the pattern speeds of structures observed on the edge of the B ring: ??p = ?? ?? ??B -jL for j = 1, 2, 3, ???, 7. We therefore suggest that most of the gaps in the Cassini Division are produced by resonances involving perturbations from the massive edge of the B ring. We find that a combination of gravitational perturbations generated by the radial excursions in the B-ring edge and the gravitational perturbations from the Mimas 2:1 ILR yields terms in the equations of motion that should act to constrain the pericenter location of particle orbits in the vicinity of each of the eccentric inner gap edges in the Cassini Division. This alignment of pericenters could be responsible for forming the Cassini-Division Gaps and thus explain why these gaps are located where they are. ?? 2010. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Astronomical Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1088/0004-6256/139/1/228","issn":"00046256","usgsCitation":"Hedman, M., Nicholson, P.D., Baines, K.H., Buratti, B.J., Sotin, C., Clark, R.N., Brown, R.H., French, R., and Marouf, E., 2010, The architecture of the Cassini division: Astronomical Journal, v. 139, no. 1, p. 228-251, https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/139/1/228.","startPage":"228","endPage":"251","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475800,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/139/1/228","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216510,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/139/1/228"},{"id":244387,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"139","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba9cfe4b08c986b32251a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hedman, M.M.","contributorId":91694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hedman","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nicholson, P. D.","contributorId":54330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicholson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baines, K. H.","contributorId":37868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baines","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buratti, B. J.","contributorId":69280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buratti","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sotin, Christophe","contributorId":53924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sotin","given":"Christophe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Clark, R. N.","contributorId":6568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brown, R. H.","contributorId":19931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"French, R.G.","contributorId":107962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Marouf, E.A.","contributorId":50753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marouf","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70033895,"text":"70033895 - 2010 - Strong nonlinear photonic responses from microbiologically synthesized tellurium nanocomposites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T11:04:07","indexId":"70033895","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1216,"text":"Chemical Physics Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Strong nonlinear photonic responses from microbiologically synthesized tellurium nanocomposites","docAbstract":"A new class of nanomaterials, namely microbiologically-formed nanorods composed of elemental tellurium [Te(0)] that forms unusual nanocomposites when combined with poly(m-phenylenevinylene-co-2,5-dioctoxy-phenylenevinylene) (PmPV) is described. These bio-nanocomposites exhibit excellent broadband optical limiting at 532 and 1064 nm. Nonlinear scattering, originating from the laser induced solvent bubbles and microplasmas, is responsible for this nonlinear behavior. The use of bacterially-formed Te(0) when combined with an organic chemical host (e.g., PmPV) is a new green method of nanoparticle syntheses. This opens the possibilities of using unique, biologically synthesized materials to advance future nanoelectronic and nanophotonic applications.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Physics Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.cplett.2009.11.021","issn":"00092614","usgsCitation":"Liao, K., Wang, J., Dias, S., Dewald, J., Alley, N., Baesman, S., Oremland, R.S., Blau, W., and Curran, S., 2010, Strong nonlinear photonic responses from microbiologically synthesized tellurium nanocomposites: Chemical Physics Letters, v. 484, no. 4-6, p. 242-246, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2009.11.021.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"242","endPage":"246","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":214298,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2009.11.021"},{"id":242006,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"484","issue":"4-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9b8ce4b08c986b31cf6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liao, K.-S.","contributorId":27685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liao","given":"K.-S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Jingyuan","contributorId":10771,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Jingyuan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dias, S.","contributorId":11425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dias","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dewald, J.","contributorId":87761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dewald","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Alley, N.J.","contributorId":43582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alley","given":"N.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Baesman, Shaun 0000-0003-0741-8269 sbaesman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0741-8269","contributorId":3478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baesman","given":"Shaun","email":"sbaesman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":443080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Oremland, Ronald S. 0000-0001-7382-0147 roremlan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-0147","contributorId":931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"Ronald","email":"roremlan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":443081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Blau, W.J.","contributorId":64902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blau","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Curran, S.A.","contributorId":16665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curran","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70193187,"text":"70193187 - 2010 - Book review: Hollowed ground—Copper mining and community building on Lake Superior, 1840s–1990s","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-04T10:19:19","indexId":"70193187","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Book review: Hollowed ground—Copper mining and community building on Lake Superior, 1840s–1990s","docAbstract":"In 1843, six years before the Forty-niners headed west for the goldfields of California, the United States’ first great mineral rush began to a land that was, as Patrick Henry told Congress, “beyond the most distant wilderness and remote as the moon.” He was referring to the Keweenaw Peninsula of northern Michigan. This rush was not for gold or silver, but for copper. And not just any copper, but native copper, so pure it required little refining before use. The early horde of fortune-seekers came with visions of finding mountains of solid copper, spurred on by stories of large masses of “float copper” that included the famous Ontonagon Boulder, a large mass of native copper originally found lying 32 km up the steep and rugged valley of the Ontonagon River (and now gathering dust in the Smithsonian Museum).
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/econgeo.105.7.1353","usgsCitation":"Schulz, K.J., 2010, Book review: Hollowed ground—Copper mining and community building on Lake Superior, 1840s–1990s: Economic Geology, v. 105, no. 7, p. 1351-1354, https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.105.7.1353.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1351","endPage":"1354","ipdsId":"IP-023820","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349645,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"105","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a610acfe4b06e28e9c256f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schulz, Klaus J. 0000-0003-2967-4765 kschulz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2967-4765","contributorId":2438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"Klaus","email":"kschulz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70193281,"text":"70193281 - 2010 - Maintenance of Eastern hemlock forests: Factors associated with hemlock vulnerability to hemlock woolly adelgid","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T14:27:03","indexId":"70193281","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Maintenance of Eastern hemlock forests: Factors associated with hemlock vulnerability to hemlock woolly adelgid","docAbstract":"Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis [L.]) is the most shade-tolerant and long-lived tree species in eastern North America. The hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) (HWA), is a nonnative invasive insect that feeds on eastern hemlock and Carolina hemlock (Tsuga caroliniana Engelm.). HWA currently is established in 17 eastern states and is causing tree decline and wide-ranging tree mortality. Our data from West Virginia and Pennsylvania suggest that hemlock crown vigor (a ranking of amount of live crown) relates to a predictable pattern of hemlock vulnerability at light and moderate levels of HWA infestation. We found that crown variables, such as live crown ratio and crown density and transparency, are accurate predictors of hemlock decline; more vigorous trees appear to be less vulnerable to HWA. Thus, silvicultural thinning treatments may be a means for reducing stand densities and increasing crown vigor in colder areas where climate may slow HWA spread.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings from the Conference on the Ecology and Management of High-Elevation Forests in the Central and Southern Appalachian Mountains","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"USDA Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Fajvan, M.A., and Wood, P.B., 2010, Maintenance of Eastern hemlock forests: Factors associated with hemlock vulnerability to hemlock woolly adelgid, in Proceedings from the Conference on the Ecology and Management of High-Elevation Forests in the Central and Southern Appalachian Mountains, p. 31-38.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"38","ipdsId":"IP-014482","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348907,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":348906,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/pubs/gtr/gtr_nrs-p-64.pdf"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a610acee4b06e28e9c256ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fajvan, Mary Ann","contributorId":200418,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fajvan","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, Petra Bohall pbwood@usgs.gov","contributorId":1791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Petra","email":"pbwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Bohall","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":718524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037408,"text":"70037408 - 2010 - Thematic accuracy of the NLCD 2001 land cover for the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-08T13:06:31","indexId":"70037408","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thematic accuracy of the NLCD 2001 land cover for the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"The land-cover thematic accuracy of NLCD 2001 was assessed from a probability-sample of 15,000 pixels. Nationwide, NLCD 2001 overall Anderson Level II and Level I accuracies were 78.7% and 85.3%, respectively. By comparison, overall accuracies at Level II and Level I for the NLCD 1992 were 58% and 80%. Forest and cropland were two classes showing substantial improvements in accuracy in NLCD 2001 relative to NLCD 1992. NLCD 2001 forest and cropland user's accuracies were 87% and 82%, respectively, compared to 80% and 43% for NLCD 1992. Accuracy results are reported for 10 geographic regions of the United States, with regional overall accuracies ranging from 68% to 86% for Level II and from 79% to 91% at Level I. Geographic variation in class-specific accuracy was strongly associated with the phenomenon that regionally more abundant land-cover classes had higher accuracy. Accuracy estimates based on several definitions of agreement are reported to provide an indication of the potential impact of reference data error on accuracy. Drawing on our experience from two NLCD national accuracy assessments, we discuss the use of designs incorporating auxiliary data to more seamlessly quantify reference data quality as a means to further advance thematic map accuracy assessment.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.018","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Wickham, J., Stehman, S., Fry, J., Smith, J., and Homer, C.G., 2010, Thematic accuracy of the NLCD 2001 land cover for the conterminous United States: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 114, no. 6, p. 1286-1296, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.018.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1286","endPage":"1296","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245133,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217206,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.018"}],"volume":"114","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb1f0e4b08c986b3254d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wickham, J.D.","contributorId":28329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wickham","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stehman, S.V.","contributorId":91974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stehman","given":"S.V.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27852,"text":"State University of New York, Syracuse","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":460924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fry, J.A. 0000-0002-8466-9582","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8466-9582","contributorId":69260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fry","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, J.H.","contributorId":49331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Homer, Collin G. 0000-0003-4755-8135 homer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4755-8135","contributorId":2262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Homer","given":"Collin","email":"homer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70037470,"text":"70037470 - 2010 - Who provided maize to Chaco Canyon after the mid-12th-century drought?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-19T16:34:15","indexId":"70037470","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2182,"text":"Journal of Archaeological Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Who provided maize to Chaco Canyon after the mid-12th-century drought?","docAbstract":"Between A.D. 1181 and 1200, in the early part of a climatically wet period, corn was imported to Chaco Canyon from a region outside the Chaco Halo (defined in this paper as the region between the base of the Chuska Mountains and Raton Wells). Strontium-isotope (87Sr/86Sr) analyses of 12 corn cobs dating to this period match 87Sr/86Sr ratios from five potential source areas, including: the Zuni region, the Mesa Verde-McElmo Dome area, the Totah, the Defiance Plateau, and Lobo Mesa. The latter two areas were eliminated from consideration as possible sources of corn in that they appear to have been unpopulated during the time period of interest. Therefore, it appears that the corn cobs were imported from the Zuni region, the Mesa Verde-McElmo Dome area, or the Totah area during a time when the climate was relatively wet and when a surplus of corn was produced in regions outside Chaco Canyon. Based on proximity to and cultural affiliation with Chaco Canyon, it is hypothesized that the corn probably was imported from the Totah.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jas.2009.10.027","issn":"03054403","usgsCitation":"Benson, L.V., 2010, Who provided maize to Chaco Canyon after the mid-12th-century drought?: Journal of Archaeological Science, v. 37, no. 3, p. 621-629, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2009.10.027.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"621","endPage":"629","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-014946","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244976,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217064,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2009.10.027"}],"volume":"37","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd084e4b08c986b32eed2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, Larry V. lbenson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"Larry","email":"lbenson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70036131,"text":"70036131 - 2010 - Impacts of hikers on aquatic invertebrates in the North Fork of the Virgin River, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:06","indexId":"70036131","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3451,"text":"Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of hikers on aquatic invertebrates in the North Fork of the Virgin River, Utah","docAbstract":"Effects of in-stream hiking on benthic standing stocks and drifting aquatic invertebrates and on organic matter were examined in the North Fork of the Virgin River, Zion National Park, Washington County, Utah. Densities of drifting aquatic invertebrates and organic matter increased with increasing numbers of hikers and reached a threshold level at high numbers of hikers. However, there was no apparent longer-term effect on standing stocks of benthic invertebrates or on organic matter. Densities of benthic invertebrates and organic matter did not differ among sites. Results suggest that in-stream hiking in the North Fork of the Virgin River increases drifting by invertebrates, but invertebrates from nearby undisturbed patches readily colonize impacted reaches.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southwestern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1894/JS-33.1","issn":"00384909","usgsCitation":"Caires, A., Vinson, M., and Brasher, A., 2010, Impacts of hikers on aquatic invertebrates in the North Fork of the Virgin River, Utah: Southwestern Naturalist, v. 55, no. 4, p. 551-557, https://doi.org/10.1894/JS-33.1.","startPage":"551","endPage":"557","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218245,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1894/JS-33.1"},{"id":246238,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38ede4b0c8380cd61733","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Caires, A.M.","contributorId":107542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caires","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vinson, M.R.","contributorId":44755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vinson","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brasher, A.M.D.","contributorId":8213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brasher","given":"A.M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}