{"pageNumber":"1961","pageRowStart":"49000","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70037325,"text":"70037325 - 2010 - Determination of stress parameters for eight well-recorded earthquakes in eastern North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-19T14:44:57","indexId":"70037325","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of stress parameters for eight well-recorded earthquakes in eastern North America","docAbstract":"We determined the stress parameter, <i>Δσ</i>, for the eight earthquakes studied by Atkinson and Boore (2006), using an updated dataset and a revised point-source stochastic model that captures the effect of a finite fault. We consider four geometrical-spreading functions, ranging from 1/<i>R</i> at all distances to two- or three-part functions. The <i>Δσ</i> values are sensitive to the rate of geometrical spreading at close distances, with 1/<i>R</i><sup>1.3</sup> spreading implying much higher <i>Δσ</i> than models with 1/<i>R</i> spreading. The important difference in ground motions of most engineering concern, however, arises not from whether the geometrical spreading is 1/<i>R</i><sup>1.3</sup> or 1/<i>R</i> at close distances, but from whether a region of flat or increasing geometrical spreading at intermediate distances is present, as long as <i>Δσ</i> is constrained by data that are largely at distances of 100 km–800 km. The simple 1/<i>R</i> model fits the sparse data for the eight events as well as do more complex models determined from larger datasets (where the larger datasets were used in our previous ground-motion prediction equations); this suggests that uncertainty in attenuation rates is an important component of epistemic uncertainty in ground-motion modeling. For the attenuation model used by Atkinson and Boore (2006), the average value of <i>Δσ</i> from the point-source model ranges from 180 bars to 250 bars, depending on whether or not the stress parameter from the 1988 Saguenay earthquake is included in the average. We also find that <i>Δσ</i> for a given earthquake is sensitive to its moment magnitude <b>M</b>, with a change of 0.1 magnitude units producing a factor of 1.3 change in the derived <i>Δσ</i>.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA","doi":"10.1785/0120090328","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Boore, D., Campbell, K., and Atkinson, G.M., 2010, Determination of stress parameters for eight well-recorded earthquakes in eastern North America: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 100, no. 4, p. 1632-1645, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120090328.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1632","endPage":"1645","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245384,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217436,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120090328"}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 177.1,5.6 ], [ 177.1,85.4 ], [ -4.0,85.4 ], [ -4.0,5.6 ], [ 177.1,5.6 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"100","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ffcae4b0c8380cd4f3d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boore, D.M. 0000-0002-8605-9673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8605-9673","contributorId":64226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boore","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, K.W.","contributorId":26309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"K.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Atkinson, G. M.","contributorId":69283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atkinson","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037326,"text":"70037326 - 2010 - Poroelastic stress-triggering of the 2005 M8.7 Nias earthquake by the 2004 M9.2 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-04T15:50:57.831693","indexId":"70037326","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Poroelastic stress-triggering of the 2005 M8.7 Nias earthquake by the 2004 M9.2 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake","docAbstract":"<p>The M9.2 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake (SAE) occurred three months prior to the M8.7 Nias earthquake (NE). We propose that the NE was mechanically triggered by the SAE, and that poroelastic effects were a major component of this triggering. This study uses 3D finite element models (FEMs) of the Sumatra-Andaman subduction zone (SASZ) to predict the deformation, stress, and pore pressure fields of the SAE. The coseismic slip distribution for the SAE is calibrated to near-field GPS data using FEM-generated Green's Functions and linear inverse methods. The calibrated FEM is then used to predict the postseismic poroelastic contribution to stress-triggering along the rupture surface of the NE, which is adjacent to the southern margin of the SAE. The coseismic deformation of the SAE, combined with the rheologic configuration of the SASZ produces two transient fluid flow regimes having separate time constants. SAE coseismic pore pressures in the relatively shallow forearc and volcanic arc regions (within a few km depth) dissipate within one month after the SAE. However, pore pressures in the oceanic crust of the down-going slab persist several months after the SAE. Predictions suggest that the SAE initially induced MPa-scale negative pore pressure near the hypocenter of the NE. This pore pressure slowly recovered (increased) during the three-month interval separating the SAE and NE due to lateral migration of pore fluids, driven by coseismic pressure gradients, within the subducting oceanic crust. Because pore pressure is a fundamental component of Coulomb stress, the MPa-scale increase in pore pressure significantly decreased stability of the NE fault during the three-month interval after the SAE and prior to rupture of the NE. A complete analysis of stress-triggering due to the SAE must include a poroelastic component. Failure to include poroelastic mechanics will lead to an incomplete model that cannot account for the time interval between the SAE and NE. Our transient poroelastic model explains both the spatial and temporal characteristics of triggering of the NE by the SAE.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2010.02.043","issn":"","usgsCitation":"Hughes, K., Masterlark, T., and Mooney, W.D., 2010, Poroelastic stress-triggering of the 2005 M8.7 Nias earthquake by the 2004 M9.2 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 293, no. 3-4, p. 289-299, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2010.02.043.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"289","endPage":"299","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244910,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Indian Ocean","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              24.2578125,\n              -39.6395375643667\n            ],\n            [\n              120.9375,\n              -39.6395375643667\n            ],\n            [\n              120.9375,\n              27.059125784374068\n            ],\n            [\n              24.2578125,\n              27.059125784374068\n            ],\n            [\n              24.2578125,\n              -39.6395375643667\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"293","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7dd6e4b0c8380cd7a1be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hughes, K.L.H.","contributorId":96919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"K.L.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Masterlark, Timothy","contributorId":92829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Masterlark","given":"Timothy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35607,"text":"South Dakota School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":460483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037376,"text":"70037376 - 2010 - Feather lead concentrations and 207Pb/206Pb ratios reveal lead exposure history of California Condors (Gymnogyps californianus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-20T09:40:35","indexId":"70037376","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Feather lead concentrations and<sup>207</sup>Pb/<sup>206</sup>Pb ratios reveal lead exposure history of California condors (<i>Gymnogyps californianus</i>)","title":"Feather lead concentrations and 207Pb/206Pb ratios reveal lead exposure history of California Condors (Gymnogyps californianus)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Lead poisoning is a primary factor impeding the survival and recovery of the critically endangered California Condor (</span><i>Gymnogyps californianus</i><span>). However, the frequency and magnitude of lead exposure in condors is not well-known in part because most blood lead monitoring occurs biannually, and biannual blood samples capture only ∼10% of a bird’s annual exposure history. We investigated the use of growing feathers from free-flying condors in California to establish a bird’s lead exposure history. We show that lead concentration and stable lead isotopic composition analyses of sequential feather sections and concurrently collected blood samples provided a comprehensive history of lead exposure over the 2−4 month period of feather growth. Feather analyses identified exposure events not evident from blood monitoring efforts, and by fitting an empirically derived timeline to actively growing feathers, we were able to estimate the time frame for specific lead exposure events. Our results demonstrate the utility of using sequentially sampled feathers to reconstruct lead exposure history. Since exposure risk in individuals is one determinant of population health, our findings should increase the understanding of population-level effects from lead poisoning in condors; this information may also be helpful for other avian species potentially impacted by lead poisoning.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es903176w","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Finkelstein, M., George, D., Scherbinski, S., Gwiazda, R., Johnson, M., Burnett, J., Brandt, J., Lawrey, S., Pessier, A.P., Clark, M., Wynne, J., Grantham, J., and Smith, D., 2010, Feather lead concentrations and 207Pb/206Pb ratios reveal lead exposure history of California Condors (Gymnogyps californianus): Environmental Science & Technology, v. 44, no. 7, p. 2639-2647, https://doi.org/10.1021/es903176w.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2639","endPage":"2647","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245194,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217262,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es903176w"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","volume":"44","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f43e4b0c8380cd53839","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finkelstein, M.E.","contributorId":94885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkelstein","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"George, D.","contributorId":67338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scherbinski, S.","contributorId":37993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scherbinski","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gwiazda, R.","contributorId":64920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gwiazda","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, M.","contributorId":85531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Burnett, J.","contributorId":31602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnett","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brandt, J.","contributorId":41674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lawrey, S.","contributorId":10646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrey","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Pessier, Allan P.","contributorId":19130,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pessier","given":"Allan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Clark, M.R.","contributorId":88135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wynne, Janna","contributorId":139295,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wynne","given":"Janna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12724,"text":"California Science Center, Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":460753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Grantham, J.","contributorId":24885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grantham","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Smith, D. R. 0000-0001-6074-9257","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":44108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D. R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":460752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70037260,"text":"70037260 - 2010 - Trace elements have limited utility for studying migratory connectivity in shorebirds that winter in Argentina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037260","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trace elements have limited utility for studying migratory connectivity in shorebirds that winter in Argentina","docAbstract":"Trace-element analysis has been suggested as a tool for the study of migratory connectivity because (1) trace-element abundance varies spatially in the environment, (2) trace elements are assimilated into animals' tissues through the diet, and (3) current technology permits the analysis of multiple trace elements in a small tissue sample, allowing the simultaneous exploration of several elements. We explored the potential of trace elements (B, Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Sr, Cs, Hg, Tl, Pb, Bi, Th, and U) to clarify the migratory connectivity of shorebirds that breed in North America and winter in southern South America. We collected 66 recently replaced secondary feathers from Red Knots (Calidris canutus) at three sites in Patagonia and 76 from White-rumped Sandpipers (C. fuscicollis) at nine sites across Argentina. There were significant differences in trace-element abundance in shorebird feathers grown at different nonbreeding sites, and annual variability within a site was small compared to variability among sites. Across Argentina, there was no large-scale gradient in trace elements. The lack of such a gradient restricts the application of this technique to questions concerning the origin of shorebirds to a small number of discrete sites. Furthermore, our results including three additional species, the Pectoral Sandpiper (C. melanotos), Wilson's Phalarope (Phalaropus tricolor), and Collared Plover (Charadrius collaris), suggest that trace-element profiles change as feathers age. Temporal instability of trace-element values could undermine their application to the study of migratory connectivity in shorebirds. ?? The Cooper Ornithological Society 2010.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Condor","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1525/cond.2010.090166","issn":"00105422","usgsCitation":"Torres-Dowdall, J., Farmer, A., Abril, M., Bucher, E., and Ridley, I., 2010, Trace elements have limited utility for studying migratory connectivity in shorebirds that winter in Argentina: Condor, v. 112, no. 3, p. 490-498, https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2010.090166.","startPage":"490","endPage":"498","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475962,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2010.090166","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245348,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217402,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cond.2010.090166"}],"volume":"112","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb649e4b08c986b326b94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Torres-Dowdall, J.","contributorId":13433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres-Dowdall","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farmer, A.H.","contributorId":79063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farmer","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Abril, M.","contributorId":49751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abril","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bucher, E.H.","contributorId":64054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bucher","given":"E.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ridley, I.","contributorId":70339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ridley","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70037328,"text":"70037328 - 2010 - Uncertainties in slip-rate estimates for the Mission Creek strand of the southern San Andreas fault at Biskra Palms Oasis, southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-24T17:37:40.49972","indexId":"70037328","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5935,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uncertainties in slip-rate estimates for the Mission Creek strand of the southern San Andreas fault at Biskra Palms Oasis, southern California","docAbstract":"<p><span>This study focuses on uncertainties in estimates of the geologic slip rate along the Mission Creek strand of the southern San Andreas fault where it offsets an alluvial fan (T2) at Biskra Palms Oasis in southern California. We provide new estimates of the amount of fault offset of the T2 fan based on trench excavations and new cosmogenic&nbsp;</span><sup>10</sup><span>Be age determinations from the tops of 12 boulders on the fan surface. We present three alternative fan offset models: a minimum, a maximum, and a preferred offset of 660 m, 980 m, and 770 m, respectively. We assign an age of between 45 and 54 ka to the T2 fan from the&nbsp;</span><sup>10</sup><span>Be data, which is significantly older than previously reported but is consistent with both the degree of soil development associated with this surface, and with ages from U-series geochronology on pedogenic carbonate from T2, described in a companion paper by Fletcher et al. (this volume). These new constraints suggest a range of slip rates between ∼12 and 22 mm/yr with a preferred estimate of ∼14–17 mm/yr for the Mission Creek strand of the southern San Andreas fault. Previous studies suggested that the geologic and geodetic slip-rate estimates at Biskra Palms differed. We find, however, that considerable uncertainty affects both the geologic and geodetic slip-rate estimates, such that if a real discrepancy between these rates exists for the southern San Andreas fault at Biskra Palms, it cannot be demonstrated with available data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B30020.1","usgsCitation":"Behr, W.M., Rood, D.H., Fletcher, K.E., Guzman, N., Finkel, R., Hanks, T.C., Hudnut, K.W., Kendrick, K.J., Platt, J.P., Sharp, W.D., Weldon, R.J., and Yule, J.D., 2010, Uncertainties in slip-rate estimates for the Mission Creek strand of the southern San Andreas fault at Biskra Palms Oasis, southern California: Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, v. 122, no. 9-10, p. 1360-1377, https://doi.org/10.1130/B30020.1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1360","endPage":"1377","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244941,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Biskra Palms Oasis","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.36306762695312,\n              33.76088200086917\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.15432739257811,\n              33.76088200086917\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.15432739257811,\n              33.84646707394075\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.36306762695312,\n              33.84646707394075\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.36306762695312,\n              33.76088200086917\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"122","issue":"9-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-05-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbc15e4b08c986b328a10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Behr, W. M.","contributorId":115625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Behr","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rood, D. H.","contributorId":117382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rood","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fletcher, K. E.","contributorId":119067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guzman, N.","contributorId":77389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guzman","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Finkel, R.","contributorId":103028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkel","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hanks, T. C.","contributorId":119344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanks","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hudnut, K. W.","contributorId":121269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudnut","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kendrick, K. J.","contributorId":115663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendrick","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Platt, J. P.","contributorId":121418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Platt","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sharp, W. D.","contributorId":119197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharp","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Weldon, R. J.","contributorId":120909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weldon","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Yule, J. D.","contributorId":118164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yule","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":514047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70037298,"text":"70037298 - 2010 - Post-eruption legacy effects and their implications for long-term recovery of the vegetation on Kasatochi Island, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T19:39:40","indexId":"70037298","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":899,"text":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-eruption legacy effects and their implications for long-term recovery of the vegetation on Kasatochi Island, Alaska","docAbstract":"We studied the vegetation of Kasatochi Island, central Aleutian Islands, to provide a general field assessment regarding the survival of plants, lichens, and fungi following a destructive volcanic eruption that occurred in 2008. Plant community data were analyzed using multivariate methods to explore the relationship between pre- and post-eruption plant cover; 5 major vegetation types were identified: Honckenya peploides beach, Festuca rubra cliff shelf, Lupinus nootkatensisFestuca rubra meadow, Leymus mollis bluff ridge (and beach), and Aleuria aurantia lower slope barrens. Our study provided a very unusual glimpse into the early stages of plant primary succession on a remote island where most of the vegetation was destroyed. Plants that apparently survived the eruption dominated early plant communities. Not surprisingly, the most diverse post-eruption community most closely resembled a widespread pre-eruption type. Microhabitats where early plant communities were found were distinct and apparently crucial in determining plant survival. Comparison with volcanic events in related boreal regions indicated some post-eruption pattern similarities. ?? 2010 Regents of the University of Colorado.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.285","issn":"15230430","usgsCitation":"Talbot, S., Talbot, S.L., and Walker, L.R., 2010, Post-eruption legacy effects and their implications for long-term recovery of the vegetation on Kasatochi Island, Alaska: Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, v. 42, no. 3, p. 285-296, https://doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.285.","startPage":"285","endPage":"296","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475814,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.285","text":"External Repository"},{"id":217028,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.285"},{"id":244939,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7e62e4b0c8380cd7a4ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Talbot, Stephen S.","contributorId":73266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Stephen S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra Looman 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":131088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Looman","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":460321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walker, Lawrence R.","contributorId":12177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037297,"text":"70037297 - 2010 - Common clay and shale: a look at 2009 activity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-16T11:15:40","indexId":"70037297","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Common clay and shale: a look at 2009 activity","docAbstract":"An overview of clay and shale production, consumption, and prices in 2009 is presented. The industry has seen 15 to 20 percent declines during the past two years, yet producers still expect sales to decline in 2010.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","publisherLocation":"Englewood, CO","issn":"00265187","usgsCitation":"Virta, R., 2010, Common clay and shale: a look at 2009 activity: Mining Engineering, v. 62, no. 10, p. 37-38.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"38","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244909,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267307,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://me.smenet.org/abstract.cfm?preview=1&articleID=342&page=37"}],"volume":"62","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f7fce4b0c8380cd4cdfd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Virta, R.L.","contributorId":39357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Virta","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70037329,"text":"70037329 - 2010 - Lake temperature and ice cover regimes in the Alaskan Subarctic and Arctic: Integrated monitoring, remote sensing, and modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-16T18:02:28","indexId":"70037329","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lake temperature and ice cover regimes in the Alaskan Subarctic and Arctic: Integrated monitoring, remote sensing, and modeling","docAbstract":"Lake surface regimes are fundamental attributes of lake ecosystems and their interaction with the land and atmosphere. High latitudes may be particularly sensitive to climate change, however, adequate baselines for these lakes are often lacking. In this study, we couple monitoring, remote sensing, and modeling techniques to generate baseline datasets of lake surface temperature and ice cover in the Alaskan Subarctic and Arctic. No detectable trends were observed during this study period, but a number of interesting patterns were noted among lakes and between regions. The largest Arctic lake was relatively unresponsive to air temperature, while the largest Subarctic lake was very responsive likely because it is fed by glacial runoff. Mean late summer water temperatures were higher than air temperatures with differences ranging from 1.7 to 5.4°C in Subarctic lakes and from 2.4 to 3.2°C in Arctic lakes. The warmest mean summer water temperature in both regions was in 2004, with the exception of Subarctic glacially fed lake that was highest in 2005. Ice-out timing had high coherence within regions and years, typically occurring in late May in Subarctic and in early-July in Arctic lakes. Ice-on timing was more dependent on lake size and depth, often varying among lakes within a region. Such analyses provide an important baseline of lake surface regimes at a time when there is increasing interest in high-latitude water ecosystems and resources during an uncertain climate future.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00451.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Arp, C., Jones, B.M., Whitman, M., Larsen, A., and Urban, F., 2010, Lake temperature and ice cover regimes in the Alaskan Subarctic and Arctic: Integrated monitoring, remote sensing, and modeling: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 46, no. 4, p. 777-791, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00451.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"777","endPage":"791","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487958,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00451.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244942,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217031,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00451.x"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -180.0,51.2 ], [ -180.0,90.0 ], [ 180.0,90.0 ], [ 180.0,51.2 ], [ -180.0,51.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"46","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4163e4b0c8380cd654f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arp, C.D.","contributorId":54715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arp","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Benjamin M. 0000-0002-1517-4711 bjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1517-4711","contributorId":2286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Benjamin","email":"bjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Whitman, Matthew","contributorId":19257,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitman","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Larsen, A.","contributorId":15438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Urban, F.E. 0000-0002-1329-1703","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-1703","contributorId":34352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urban","given":"F.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70037206,"text":"70037206 - 2010 - Timing and duration of garnet granulite metamorphism in magmatic arc crust, Fiordland, New Zealand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:07","indexId":"70037206","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Timing and duration of garnet granulite metamorphism in magmatic arc crust, Fiordland, New Zealand","docAbstract":"Pembroke Granulite from Fiordland, New Zealand provides a window into the mid- to lower crust of magmatic arcs. Garnet Sm-Nd and zircon U-Pb ages constrain the timing and duration of high-P partial melting that produced trondhjemitic high Sr/Y magma. Trace element zoning in large, euhedral garnet is compatible with little post growth modification and supports the interpretation that garnet Sm-Nd ages of 126.1??2.0 and 122.6??2.0. Ma date crystal growth. Integration of the garnet ages with U-Pb zircon ages elucidates a history of intrusion(?) and a protracted period of high-temperature metamorphism and partial melting. The oldest zircon ages of 163 to 150. Ma reflect inheritance or intrusion and a cluster of zircon ages ca. 134. Ma date orthopyroxene-bearing mineral assemblages that may be magmatic or metamorphic in origin. Zircon and garnet ages from unmelted gneiss and garnet reaction zones record garnet granulite facies metamorphism at 128 to 126. Ma. Peritectic garnet and additional zircon ages from trondhjemite veins and garnet reaction zones indicate that garnet growth and partial melting lasted until ca. 123. Ma. Two single fraction garnet ages and young zircon ages suggest continued high-temperature re-equilibration until ca. 95. Ma. Phase diagram sections constrain orthopyroxene assemblages to <0.6 GPa @ 650??C, peak garnet granulite facies metamorphic conditions to 680-815??C @ 1.1-1.4. GPa, and a P-T path with a P increase of???0.5. GPa. These sections are compatible with water contents???0.28wt.%, local dehydration during garnet granulite metamorphism, and <0.3. GPa P increases during garnet growth. Results demonstrate the utility of integrated U-Pb zircon and Sm-Nd garnet ages, and phase diagram sections for understanding the nature, duration, and conditions of deep crustal metamorphism and melting. Geochronologic and thermobarometric data for garnet granulite indicate that thickening of arc crust, which caused high-pressure metamorphism in northern Fiordland, must have occurred prior to 126. Ma, that loading occurred at a rate of ca. 0.06. GPa/m.y., and that garnet granulite metamorphism lasted 3-7m.y. Locally-derived partial melts formed and crystallized in considerably less than 10 and perhaps as little as 3m.y. ?? 2010 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.02.015","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Stowell, H., Tulloch, A., Zuluaga, C., and Koenig, A., 2010, Timing and duration of garnet granulite metamorphism in magmatic arc crust, Fiordland, New Zealand: Chemical Geology, v. 273, no. 1-2, p. 91-110, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.02.015.","startPage":"91","endPage":"110","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244964,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217053,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.02.015"}],"volume":"273","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb3e4e4b08c986b326051","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stowell, H.","contributorId":19409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stowell","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tulloch, A.","contributorId":10645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tulloch","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zuluaga, C.","contributorId":37177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zuluaga","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koenig, A. 0000-0002-5230-0924","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5230-0924","contributorId":64037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koenig","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037296,"text":"70037296 - 2010 - Mussel remains from prehistoric salt works, clarke county, Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:45","indexId":"70037296","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3444,"text":"Southeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mussel remains from prehistoric salt works, clarke county, Alabama","docAbstract":"Archaeological research at salt springs in Clarke County, AL (Tombigbee River drainage), documented bivalve mollusk exploitation by late prehistoric American Indians. A total of 582 valves representing 19 species of freshwater mussels (Unionidae) and an estuarine clam (Mactridae) from the Lower Salt Works Site (ca. A.D. 900-1550) and 41 valve fragments representing 6 mussel species from the Stimpson Site (ca. A.D. 1200-1550) were documented. The Lower Salt Works fauna was dominated numerically by Fusconaia ebena and Quadrula asperata, the dominant species reported during recent local surveys. The mussel species represented are known from medium to large streams in sand and gravel habitats and include four federally protected species and other species of conservation concern in Alabama. Results offer comparative data for other archaeological and ecological studies in the region.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southeastern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1656/058.009.0109","issn":"15287092","usgsCitation":"McGregor, S., and Dumas, A., 2010, Mussel remains from prehistoric salt works, clarke county, Alabama: Southeastern Naturalist, v. 9, no. 1, p. 105-118, https://doi.org/10.1656/058.009.0109.","startPage":"105","endPage":"118","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217000,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1656/058.009.0109"},{"id":244908,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a60e0e4b0c8380cd71719","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGregor, S.W.","contributorId":93659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGregor","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dumas, A.A.","contributorId":90570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumas","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037030,"text":"70037030 - 2010 - Hematology of southern Beaufort Sea polar bears (2005-2007): Biomarker for an arctic ecosystem health sentinel","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T21:27:24","indexId":"70037030","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1443,"text":"EcoHealth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hematology of southern Beaufort Sea polar bears (2005-2007): Biomarker for an arctic ecosystem health sentinel","docAbstract":"Declines in sea-ice habitats have resulted in declining stature, productivity, and survival of polar bears in some regions. With continuing sea-ice declines, negative population effects are projected to expand throughout the polar bear's range. Precise causes of diminished polar bear life history performance are unknown, however, climate and sea-ice condition change are expected to adversely impact polar bear (Ursus maritimus) health and population dynamics. As apex predators in the Arctic, polar bears integrate the status of lower trophic levels and are therefore sentinels of ecosystem health. Arctic residents feed at the apex of the ecosystem, thus polar bears can serve as indicators of human health in the Arctic. Despite their value as indicators of ecosystem welfare, population-level health data for U.S. polar bears are lacking. We present hematological reference ranges for southern Beaufort Sea polar bears. Hematological parameters in southern Beaufort Sea polar bears varied by age, geographic location, and reproductive status. Total leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and serum immunoglobulin G were significantly greater in males than females. These measures were greater in nonlactating females ages ???5, than lactating adult females ages ???5, suggesting that females encumbered by young may be less resilient to new immune system challenges that may accompany ongoing climate change. Hematological values established here provide a necessary baseline for anticipated changes in health as arctic temperatures warm and sea-ice declines accelerate. Data suggest that females with dependent young may be most vulnerable to these changes and should therefore be a targeted cohort for monitoring in this sentinel. ?? 2010 International Association for Ecology and Health.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"EcoHealth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10393-010-0322-1","issn":"16129202","usgsCitation":"Kirk, C.M., Amstrup, S.C., Swor, R., Holcomb, D., and O'Hara, T., 2010, Hematology of southern Beaufort Sea polar bears (2005-2007): Biomarker for an arctic ecosystem health sentinel: EcoHealth, v. 7, no. 3, p. 307-320, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-010-0322-1.","startPage":"307","endPage":"320","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245140,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217213,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10393-010-0322-1"}],"volume":"7","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3055e4b0c8380cd5d562","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirk, Cassandra M.","contributorId":103122,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirk","given":"Cassandra","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":459051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":459050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swor, Rhonda","contributorId":79337,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swor","given":"Rhonda","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":459049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holcomb, Darce","contributorId":77392,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holcomb","given":"Darce","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":459048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"O'Hara, T. M.","contributorId":64610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Hara","given":"T. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70037295,"text":"70037295 - 2010 - Tuning stochastic matrix models with hydrologic data to predict the population dynamics of a riverine fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:45","indexId":"70037295","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tuning stochastic matrix models with hydrologic data to predict the population dynamics of a riverine fish","docAbstract":"We developed stochastic matrix models to evaluate the effects of hydrologic alteration and variable mortality on the population dynamics of a lotie fish in a regulated river system. Models were applied to a representative lotic fish species, the flathead catfish (Pylodictis olivaris), for which two populations were examined: a native population from a regulated reach of the Coosa River (Alabama, USA) and an introduced population from an unregulated section of the Ocmulgee River (Georgia, USA). Size-classified matrix models were constructed for both populations, and residuals from catch-curve regressions were used as indices of year class strength (i.e., recruitment). A multiple regression model indicated that recruitment of flathead catfish in the Coosa River was positively related to the frequency of spring pulses between 283 and 566 m<sup>3</sup>/s. For the Ocmulgee River population, multiple regression models indicated that year class strength was negatively related to mean March discharge and positively related to June low flow. When the Coosa population was modeled to experience five consecutive years of favorable hydrologic conditions during a 50-year projection period, it exhibited a substantial spike in size and increased at an overall 0.2% annual rate. When modeled to experience five years of unfavorable hydrologic conditions, the Coosa population initially exhibited a decrease in size but later stabilized and increased at a 0.4% annual rate following the decline. When the Ocmulgee River population was modeled to experience five years of favorable conditions, it exhibited a substantial spike in size and increased at an overall 0.4% annual rate. After the Ocmulgee population experienced five years of unfavorable conditions, a sharp decline in population size was predicted. However, the population quickly recovered, with population size increasing at a 0.3% annual rate following the decline. In general, stochastic population growth in the Ocmulgee River was more erratic and variable than population growth in the Coosa River. We encourage ecologists to develop similar models for other lotic species, particularly in regulated river systems. Successful management of fish populations in regulated systems requires that we are able to predict how hydrology affects recruitment and will ultimately influence the population dynamics of fishes. ?? 2010 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/08-0305.1","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Sakaris, P., and Irwin, E., 2010, Tuning stochastic matrix models with hydrologic data to predict the population dynamics of a riverine fish: Ecological Applications, v. 20, no. 2, p. 483-496, https://doi.org/10.1890/08-0305.1.","startPage":"483","endPage":"496","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216999,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/08-0305.1"},{"id":244907,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb8eae4b08c986b327b17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sakaris, P.C.","contributorId":18954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sakaris","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Irwin, E.R.","contributorId":90269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037373,"text":"70037373 - 2010 - Effectiveness of capture techniques for rails in emergent marsh and agricultural wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:08","indexId":"70037373","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effectiveness of capture techniques for rails in emergent marsh and agricultural wetlands","docAbstract":"A reliable and effective technique for capturing rails would improve researchers' ability to study these secretive marsh birds. The time effectiveness and capture success of four methods for capturing rails in emergent marsh and agricultural wetlands in southern Louisiana and Texas were evaluated during winter and breeding seasons. Methods were hand and net capture from an airboat at night, an all-terrain vehicle (ATV) at night, an ATV during daylight rice harvest and passive capture using drop-door traps with drift fencing. Five hundred and twenty rails were captured (and 21 recaptures): 192 King Rails (Rallus elegans), 74 Clapper Rails (R. longirostris), 110 Virginia Rails (R. limicola), 125 Sora (Porzana Carolina) and 40 Yellow Rails (Coturnicops noveboracensis). Methods used at night were effective at capturing rails: capture from airboats yielded 2.13 rails per hour each airboat was operated and capture from ATVs yielded 1.80 rails per hour each ATV was operated. During daylight, captures from ATVs during rice harvest (0.25 rails per hour each ATV was operated) and passive drop-door traps with drift fencing (0.0054 rails per trap hour) were both inefficient.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1675/063.033.0315","issn":"15244695","usgsCitation":"Perkins, M., King, S., and Linscombe, J., 2010, Effectiveness of capture techniques for rails in emergent marsh and agricultural wetlands: Waterbirds, v. 33, no. 3, p. 376-380, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.033.0315.","startPage":"376","endPage":"380","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245160,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217232,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1675/063.033.0315"}],"volume":"33","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0639e4b0c8380cd5116e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perkins, Marie","contributorId":22957,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perkins","given":"Marie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, S.L.","contributorId":105663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Linscombe, J.","contributorId":95712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linscombe","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037122,"text":"70037122 - 2010 - Extraction of in situ cosmogenic 14C from olivine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037122","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3225,"text":"Radiocarbon","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extraction of in situ cosmogenic 14C from olivine","docAbstract":"Chemical pretreatment and extraction techniques have been developed previously to extract in situ cosmogenic radiocarbon (in situ 14C) from quartz and carbonate. These minerals can be found in most environments on Earth, but are usually absent from mafic terrains. To fill this gap, we conducted numerous experiments aimed at extracting in situ 14C from olivine ((Fe,Mg)2SiO4). We were able to extract a stable and reproducible in situ 14C component from olivine using stepped heating and a lithium metaborate (LiBO2) flux, following treatment with dilute HNO3 over a variety of experimental conditions. However, measured concentrations for samples from the Tabernacle Hill basalt flow (17.3 ?? 0.3 ka4) in central Utah and the McCarty's basalt flow (3.0 ?? 0.2 ka) in western New Mexico were significantly lower than expected based on exposure of olivine in our samples to cosmic rays at each site. The source of the discrepancy is not clear. We speculate that in situ 14C atoms may not have been released from Mg-rich crystal lattices (the olivine composition at both sites was ~Fo65Fa35). Alternatively, a portion of the 14C atoms released from the olivine grains may have become trapped in synthetic spinel-like minerals that were created in the olivine-flux mixture during the extraction process, or were simply retained in the mixture itself. Regardless, the magnitude of the discrepancy appears to be inversely proportional to the Fe/(Fe+Mg) ratio of the olivine separates. If we apply a simple correction factor based on the chemical composition of the separates, then corrected in situ 14C concentrations are similar to theoretical values at both sites. At this time, we do not know if this agreement is fortuitous or real. Future research should include measurement of in situ 14C concentrations in olivine from known-age basalt flows with different chemical compositions (i.e. more Fe-rich) to determine if this correction is robust for all olivine-bearing rocks. ?? 2010 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Radiocarbon","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00338222","usgsCitation":"Pigati, J., Lifton, N., Jull, A.T., and Quade, J., 2010, Extraction of in situ cosmogenic 14C from olivine: Radiocarbon, v. 52, no. 3, p. 1244-1260.","startPage":"1244","endPage":"1260","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245114,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e5ee4b0c8380cd533ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pigati, J.S.","contributorId":80486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pigati","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lifton, N.A.","contributorId":9090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lifton","given":"N.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jull, A.J. Timothy","contributorId":53629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jull","given":"A.J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Timothy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Quade, Jay","contributorId":22108,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quade","given":"Jay","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":459489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037232,"text":"70037232 - 2010 - Radar image and data fusion for natural hazards characterisation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-05T16:38:44","indexId":"70037232","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2052,"text":"International Journal of Image and Data Fusion","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radar image and data fusion for natural hazards characterisation","docAbstract":"Fusion of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images through interferometric, polarimetric and tomographic processing provides an all - weather imaging capability to characterise and monitor various natural hazards. This article outlines interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) processing and products and their utility for natural hazards characterisation, provides an overview of the techniques and applications related to fusion of SAR/InSAR images with optical and other images and highlights the emerging SAR fusion technologies. In addition to providing precise land - surface digital elevation maps, SAR - derived imaging products can map millimetre - scale elevation changes driven by volcanic, seismic and hydrogeologic processes, by landslides and wildfires and other natural hazards. With products derived from the fusion of SAR and other images, scientists can monitor the progress of flooding, estimate water storage changes in wetlands for improved hydrological modelling predictions and assessments of future flood impacts and map vegetation structure on a global scale and monitor its changes due to such processes as fire, volcanic eruption and deforestation. With the availability of SAR images in near real - time from multiple satellites in the near future, the fusion of SAR images with other images and data is playing an increasingly important role in understanding and forecasting natural hazards.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/19479832.2010.499219","issn":"19479832","usgsCitation":"Lu, Z., Dzurisin, D., Jung, H., Zhang, J., and Zhang, Y., 2010, Radar image and data fusion for natural hazards characterisation: International Journal of Image and Data Fusion, v. 1, no. 3, p. 217-242, https://doi.org/10.1080/19479832.2010.499219.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"217","endPage":"242","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245376,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217429,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19479832.2010.499219"}],"volume":"1","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9383e4b0c8380cd80e78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lu, Zhong 0000-0001-9181-1818 lu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-1818","contributorId":901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Zhong","email":"lu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":459988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dzurisin, Daniel 0000-0002-0138-5067 dzurisin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0138-5067","contributorId":538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dzurisin","given":"Daniel","email":"dzurisin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jung, Hyung-Sup","contributorId":58382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jung","given":"Hyung-Sup","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhang, Jixian","contributorId":36396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Jixian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zhang, Yonghong","contributorId":82563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Yonghong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70037121,"text":"70037121 - 2010 - Holocene coastal dune fields used as indicators of net littoral transport: West Coast, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037121","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene coastal dune fields used as indicators of net littoral transport: West Coast, USA","docAbstract":"Between Point Grenville, Washington, and Point Conception, California (1500 km distance) 21 dune fields record longshore transport in 20 littoral cells during the late Holocene. The direction of predominant littoral transport is established by relative positions of dune fields (north, central, or south) in 17 representative littoral cells. Dune field position is north of cell midpoints in northernmost Oregon and Washington, but is south of cell midpoints in southern Oregon and California. Downdrift sand trapping occurs at significant changes in shoreline angle and/or at bounding headlands that project at least 2.5 km seaward from the general coastal trend. Sand bypassing occurs around small headlands of less than 0.5 km in projection distance. A northward shift of the winter low-pressure center in the northeast Pacific Ocean is modeled from 11 ka to 0 ka. Nearshore current forcing in southern Oregon and northern California switched from northward in earliest Holocene time to southward in late Holocene time. The late Holocene (5-0 ka) is generally characterized by net northward littoral drift in northernmost Oregon and Washington and by net southward littoral drift in southernmost Oregon and California. A regional divergence of net transport direction in central Oregon, i.e. no net drift, is consistent with modeled wind and wave forcing at the present time (0 ka). ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geomorphology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2009.10.013","issn":"0169555X","usgsCitation":"Peterson, C., Stock, E., Hart, R., Percy, D., Hostetler, S.W., and Knott, J., 2010, Holocene coastal dune fields used as indicators of net littoral transport: West Coast, USA: Geomorphology, v. 116, no. 1-2, p. 115-134, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2009.10.013.","startPage":"115","endPage":"134","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217163,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2009.10.013"},{"id":245084,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"116","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a31dae4b0c8380cd5e2b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, C. D.","contributorId":79897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"C. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stock, E.","contributorId":13438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stock","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hart, R.","contributorId":52793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Percy, D.","contributorId":70913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Percy","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hostetler, S. W. 0000-0003-2272-8302","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-8302","contributorId":42911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostetler","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Knott, J.R.","contributorId":26847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knott","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70037233,"text":"70037233 - 2010 - The 2009 Samoa-Tonga great earthquake triggered doublet","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037233","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 2009 Samoa-Tonga great earthquake triggered doublet","docAbstract":"Great earthquakes (having seismic magnitudes of at least 8) usually involve abrupt sliding of rock masses at a boundary between tectonic plates. Such interplate ruptures produce dynamic and static stress changes that can activate nearby intraplate aftershocks, as is commonly observed in the trench-slope region seaward of a great subduction zone thrust event1-4. The earthquake sequence addressed here involves a rare instance in which a great trench-slope intraplate earthquake triggered extensive interplate faulting, reversing the typical pattern and broadly expanding the seismic and tsunami hazard. On 29 September 2009, within two minutes of the initiation of a normal faulting event with moment magnitude 8.1 in the outer trench-slope at the northern end of the Tonga subduction zone, two major interplate underthrusting subevents (both with moment magnitude 7.8), with total moment equal to a second great earthquake of moment magnitude 8.0, ruptured the nearby subduction zone megathrust. The collective faulting produced tsunami waves with localized regions of about 12metres run-up that claimed 192 lives in Samoa, American Samoa and Tonga. Overlap of the seismic signals obscured the fact that distinct faults separated by more than 50km had ruptured with different geometries, with the triggered thrust faulting only being revealed by detailed seismic wave analyses. Extensive interplate and intraplate aftershock activity was activated over a large region of the northern Tonga subduction zone. ?? 2010 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/nature09214","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Lay, T., Ammon, C., Kanamori, H., Rivera, L., Koper, K., and Hutko, A.R., 2010, The 2009 Samoa-Tonga great earthquake triggered doublet: Nature, v. 466, no. 7309, p. 964-968, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09214.","startPage":"964","endPage":"968","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475886,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20100830-105911579","text":"External Repository"},{"id":217430,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature09214"},{"id":245377,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"466","issue":"7309","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba64de4b08c986b32102e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lay, T.","contributorId":49909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lay","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ammon, C.J.","contributorId":28389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ammon","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kanamori, H.","contributorId":55438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kanamori","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rivera, L.","contributorId":39535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rivera","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Koper, K.D.","contributorId":69798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koper","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hutko, Alexander R.","contributorId":101788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutko","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70037291,"text":"70037291 - 2010 - A palynological biozonation for the uppermost Santonian and Campanian Stages (Upper Cretaceous) of South Carolina, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037291","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1344,"text":"Cretaceous Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A palynological biozonation for the uppermost Santonian and Campanian Stages (Upper Cretaceous) of South Carolina, USA","docAbstract":"Five palynological biozones are proposed for the uppermost Santonian and Campanian Stages of South Carolina. In ascending stratigraphic order, these highest-occurrence interval zones are the Osculapollis vestibulus (Ov) Biozone, the Holkopollenites propinquus (Hp) Biozone, the Holkopollenites forix (Hf) Biozone, the Complexiopollis abditus (Ca) Biozone, and the Osculapollis aequalis (Oa) Biozone. These biozones are based on an analysis of more than 400 subsurface and outcrop samples throughout the Coastal Plain Province of South Carolina, and the adjacent states of Georgia and North Carolina. Integration of the biostratigraphy with lithostratigraphy and geophysical log data suggests that the lower and upper boundaries of each biozone are bounded by regional unconformities. Five new species are described, and an emendation is presented for one additional species. ?? 2009 Elsevier Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Cretaceous Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.cretres.2009.09.004","issn":"01956671","usgsCitation":"Christopher, R.A., and Prowell, D., 2010, A palynological biozonation for the uppermost Santonian and Campanian Stages (Upper Cretaceous) of South Carolina, USA: Cretaceous Research, v. 31, no. 2, p. 101-129, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2009.09.004.","startPage":"101","endPage":"129","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217404,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2009.09.004"},{"id":245350,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4d1e4b0c8380cd4694e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christopher, R. A.","contributorId":53775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christopher","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prowell, D.C.","contributorId":95475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prowell","given":"D.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037290,"text":"70037290 - 2010 - Mapping elevations of tidal wetland restoration sites in San Francisco Bay: Comparing accuracy of aerial lidar with a singlebeam echosounder","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-26T16:28:19","indexId":"70037290","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping elevations of tidal wetland restoration sites in San Francisco Bay: Comparing accuracy of aerial lidar with a singlebeam echosounder","docAbstract":"The southern edge of San Francisco Bay is surrounded by former salt evaporation ponds, where tidal flow has been restricted since the mid to late 1890s. These ponds are now the focus of a large wetland restoration project, and accurate measurement of current pond bathymetry and adjacent mud flats has been critical to restoration planning. Aerial light detection and ranging (lidar) has become a tool for mapping surface elevations, but its accuracy had rarely been assessed for wetland habitats. We used a singlebeam echosounder system we developed for surveying shallow wetlands to map submerged pond bathymetry in January of 2004 and compared those results with aerial lidar surveys in two ponds that were dry in May of 2004. From those data sets, we compared elevations for 5164 (Pond E9, 154 ha) and 2628 (Pond E14, 69 ha) echosounder and lidar points within a 0.375-m radius of each other (0.750-m diameter lidar spot size). We found that mean elevations of the lidar points were lower than the echosounder results by 5 ?? 0.1 cm in Pond E9 and 2 ?? 0.2 cm in Pond E14. Only a few points (5% in Pond E9, 2% in Pond E14) differed by more than 20 cm, and some of these values may be explained by residual water in the ponds during the lidar survey or elevation changes that occurred between surveys. Our results suggest that aerial lidar may be a very accurate and rapid way to assess terrain elevations for wetland restoration projects. ?? 2010 Coastal Education and Research Foundation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2112/08-1076.1","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Athearn, N., Takekawa, J.Y., Jaffe, B., Hattenbach, B., and Foxgrover, A., 2010, Mapping elevations of tidal wetland restoration sites in San Francisco Bay: Comparing accuracy of aerial lidar with a singlebeam echosounder: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 26, no. 2, p. 312-319, https://doi.org/10.2112/08-1076.1.","startPage":"312","endPage":"319","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217374,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2112/08-1076.1"},{"id":245319,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5056e4b0c8380cd6b60c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Athearn, N.D.","contributorId":86958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Athearn","given":"N.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":460296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jaffe, B.","contributorId":78517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hattenbach, B.J.","contributorId":103902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hattenbach","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Foxgrover, A.C.","contributorId":34321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foxgrover","given":"A.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70037120,"text":"70037120 - 2010 - Valuing ecosystem services from wetlands restoration in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037120","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1453,"text":"Ecological Economics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Valuing ecosystem services from wetlands restoration in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","docAbstract":"This study assesses the value of restoring forested wetlands via the U.S. government's Wetlands Reserve Program (WRP) in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley by quantifying and monetizing ecosystem services. The three focal services are greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation, nitrogen mitigation, and waterfowl recreation. Site- and region-level measurements of these ecosystem services are combined with process models to quantify their production on agricultural land, which serves as the baseline, and on restored wetlands. We adjust and transform these measures into per-hectare, valuation-ready units and monetize them with prices from emerging ecosystem markets and the environmental economics literature. By valuing three of the many ecosystem services produced, we generate lower bound estimates for the total ecosystem value of the wetlands restoration. Social welfare value is found to be between $1435 and $1486/ha/year, with GHG mitigation valued in the range of $171 to $222, nitrogen mitigation at $1248, and waterfowl recreation at $16. Limited to existing markets, the estimate for annual market value is merely $70/ha, but when fully accounting for potential markets, this estimate rises to $1035/ha. The estimated social value surpasses the public expenditure or social cost of wetlands restoration in only 1 year, indicating that the return on public investment is very attractive for the WRP. Moreover, the potential market value is substantially greater than landowner opportunity costs, showing that payments to private landowners to restore wetlands could also be profitable for individual landowners. ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Economics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.11.022","issn":"09218009","usgsCitation":"Jenkins, W., Murray, B.C., Kramer, R., and Faulkner, S., 2010, Valuing ecosystem services from wetlands restoration in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley: Ecological Economics, v. 69, no. 5, p. 1051-1061, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.11.022.","startPage":"1051","endPage":"1061","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487922,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6740","text":"External Repository"},{"id":217162,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.11.022"},{"id":245083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc10ee4b08c986b32a431","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jenkins, W.A.","contributorId":54438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murray, B. C.","contributorId":49870,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murray","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kramer, R.A.","contributorId":60435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kramer","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Faulkner, S.P.","contributorId":55190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faulkner","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037080,"text":"70037080 - 2010 - The effect of channelization on floodplain sediment deposition and subsidence along the Pocomoke River, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-30T13:50:29","indexId":"70037080","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of channelization on floodplain sediment deposition and subsidence along the Pocomoke River, Maryland","docAbstract":"The nontidal Pocomoke River was intensively ditched and channelized by the mid-1900s. In response to channelization; channel incision, head-cut erosion, and spoil bank perforation have occurred in this previously nonalluvial system. Six sites were selected for study of floodplain sediment dynamics in relation to channel condition. Short- and long-term sediment deposition/subsidence rates and composition were determined. Short-term rates (four years) ranged from 0.6 to 3.6 mm/year. Long-term rates (15-100+ years) ranged from -11.9 to 1.7 mm/year. 137Cs rates (43 years) indicate rates of 0.24 to 7.4 mm/year depending on channel condition. Channelization has limited contact between streamflow and the floodplain, resulting in little or no sediment retention in channelized reaches. Along unchannelized reaches, extended contact and depth of river water on the floodplain resulted in high deposition rates. Drainage of floodplains exposed organic sediments to oxygen resulting in subsidence and releasing stored carbon. Channelization increased sediment deposition in downstream reaches relative to the presettlement system. The sediment storage function of this river has been dramatically altered by channelization. Results indicate that perforation of spoil banks along channelized reaches may help to alleviate some of these issues. ?? 2010 American Water Resources Association. No claim to original U.S. government works.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00440.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Kroes, D., and Hupp, C., 2010, The effect of channelization on floodplain sediment deposition and subsidence along the Pocomoke River, Maryland: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 46, no. 4, p. 686-699, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00440.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"686","endPage":"699","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244926,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217016,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00440.x"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Pocomoke River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.39573669433594,\n              38.21012996629426\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.67588806152344,\n              38.048091067457236\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.64979553222656,\n              38.00860720795364\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.69305419921875,\n              37.940406934417254\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.640869140625,\n              37.92686760148135\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.60859680175781,\n              37.98100996893789\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.6134033203125,\n              38.039979682751806\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.50422668457031,\n              38.089174937729794\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.36003112792969,\n              38.18854556604565\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.39573669433594,\n              38.21012996629426\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab1ae4b08c986b322c0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kroes, D.E.","contributorId":60847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kroes","given":"D.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hupp, C.R. 0000-0003-1853-9197","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1853-9197","contributorId":78775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"C.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037078,"text":"70037078 - 2010 - Silica in a Mars analog environment: Ka u Desert, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:48","indexId":"70037078","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Silica in a Mars analog environment: Ka u Desert, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii","docAbstract":"Airborne Visible/Near-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data acquired over the Ka u Desert are atmospherically corrected to ground reflectance and used to identify the mineralogic components of relatively young basaltic materials, including 250-700 and 200-400 year old lava flows, 1971 and 1974 flows, ash deposits, and solfatara incrustations. To provide context, a geologic surface units map is constructed, verified with field observations, and supported by laboratory analyses. AVIRIS spectral endmembers are identified in the visible (0.4 to 1.2 ??m) and short wave infrared (2.0 to 2.5 ??m) wavelength ranges. Nearly all the spectral variability is controlled by the presence of ferrous and ferric iron in such minerals as pyroxene, olivine, hematite, goethite, and poorly crystalline iron oxides or glass. A broad, nearly ubiquitous absorption feature centered at 2.25 ??m is attributed to opaline (amorphous, hydrated) silica and is found to correlate spatially with mapped geologic surface units. Laboratory analyses show the silica to be consistently present as a deposited phase, including incrustations downwind from solfatara vents, cementing agent for ash duricrusts, and thin coatings on the youngest lava flow surfaces. A second, Ti-rich upper coating on young flows also influences spectral behavior. This study demonstrates that secondary silica is mobile in the Ka u Desert on a variety of time scales and spatial domains. The investigation from remote, field, and laboratory perspectives also mimics exploration of Mars using orbital and landed missions, with important implications for spectral characterization of coated basalts and formation of opaline silica in arid, acidic alteration environments. Copyright 2010 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2009JE003347","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Seelos, K., Arvidson, R., Jolliff, B., Chemtob, S., Morris, R., Ming, D.W., and Swayze, G., 2010, Silica in a Mars analog environment: Ka u Desert, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 115, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JE003347.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475821,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2009je003347","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216990,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009JE003347"},{"id":244897,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"115","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-04-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8f32e4b08c986b318da3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seelos, K.D.","contributorId":73849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seelos","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arvidson, R. E.","contributorId":46666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arvidson","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jolliff, B.L.","contributorId":21268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jolliff","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chemtob, S.M.","contributorId":38435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chemtob","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morris, R.V.","contributorId":6978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"R.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ming, D. W.","contributorId":96811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ming","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Swayze, G.A. 0000-0002-1814-7823","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1814-7823","contributorId":21570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swayze","given":"G.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70186757,"text":"70186757 - 2010 - Aminostratigraphy of surface and subsurface Quaternary sediments, North Carolina coastal plain, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-05T19:05:08","indexId":"70186757","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3216,"text":"Quaternary Geochronology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aminostratigraphy of surface and subsurface Quaternary sediments, North Carolina coastal plain, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Quaternary stratigraphy and geochronology of the Albemarle Embayment of the North Carolina (NC) Coastal Plain is examined using amino acid racemization (AAR) in marine mollusks, in combination with geophysical, lithologic, and biostratigraphic analysis of 28 rotasonic cores drilled between 2002 and 2006. The Albemarle Embayment is bounded by structural highs to the north and south, and Quaternary strata thin westward toward the Suffolk paleoshoreline, frequently referred to as the Suffolk Scarp. The Quaternary section is up to ∼90&nbsp;m thick, consists of a variety of estuarine, shelf, back-barrier, and lagoonal deposits, and has been influenced by multiple sea-level cycles. The temporal resolution of the amino acid racemization method is tested statistically and with the stratigraphic control provided by this geologic framework, and it is then applied to the correlation and age estimation of subsurface units throughout the region. Over 500 specimens (primarily </span><i>Mercenaria</i><span> and </span><i>Mulinia</i><span>) from the subsurface section have been analyzed using either gas chromatographic (GC) or reverse-phase liquid chromatographic (RPLC) techniques. The subsurface stratigraphic data are compared with AAR results from numerous natural or excavated exposures from the surrounding region, as well as results from NC beach collections, to develop a comprehensive aminostratigraphic database for the entire Quaternary record within the NC coastal system. Age mixing, recognized in the beach collections, is also seen in subsurface sections, usually where major seismic reflections or core lithology indicate the presence of stratigraphic discontinuities. Kinetic models for racemization are tested within the regional stratigraphic framework, using either radiocarbon or U-series calibrations or comparison with regional biostratigraphy. Three major Pleistocene aminozones [AZ2, AZ3, and AZ4] are found throughout the region, all being found in superposition in several cores. Each can be subdivided, yielding a total of at least eight stratigraphically and statistically distinct aminozones. Kinetic modeling, supplemented with local calibration, indicates that these aminozones represent depositional events ranging from ∼80&nbsp;ka to nearly 2&nbsp;Ma. Three prominent seismic reflections are interpreted to represent the base of the early, middle, and late Pleistocene, respectively, roughly 2&nbsp;Ma, 800&nbsp;ka, and 130&nbsp;ka. The large number of samples and the available stratigraphic control provide new insights into the capabilities and limitations of aminostratigraphic methods in assessing relative and numerical ages of Atlantic Coastal Plain Quaternary deposits.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elesevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quageo.2009.10.005","usgsCitation":"Wehmiller, J.F., Thieler, E.R., Miller, D., Pellerito, V., Bakeman, K.V., Riggs, S., Culver, S., Mallinson, D., Farrell, K., York, L., Pierson, J., and Parham, P., 2010, Aminostratigraphy of surface and subsurface Quaternary sediments, North Carolina coastal plain, USA: Quaternary Geochronology, v. 4, no. 5, p. 459-492, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2009.10.005.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"459","endPage":"492","ipdsId":"IP-009171","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339515,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -78.25561523437499,\n              34.52466147177172\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.08056640625,\n              34.52466147177172\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.08056640625,\n              37.29153547292737\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.25561523437499,\n              37.29153547292737\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.25561523437499,\n              34.52466147177172\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ec99dae4b0b4d95d33525d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wehmiller, John F.","contributorId":42220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wehmiller","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thieler, E. Robert 0000-0003-4311-9717 rthieler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-9717","contributorId":2488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"E.","email":"rthieler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":690520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Dick","contributorId":46054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Dick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pellerito, V.","contributorId":11858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pellerito","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bakeman, Keeney V.","contributorId":13840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bakeman","given":"Keeney","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Riggs, S.R.","contributorId":29807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riggs","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Culver, S.","contributorId":30450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Culver","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mallinson, D.","contributorId":93686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mallinson","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Farrell, K.M.","contributorId":106573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrell","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"York, L.L.","contributorId":58401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"York","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Pierson, J.","contributorId":7536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Parham, P.R.","contributorId":37180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parham","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70037207,"text":"70037207 - 2010 - Land-use pressure and a transition to forest-cover loss in the Eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-05T14:17:02","indexId":"70037207","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Land-use pressure and a transition to forest-cover loss in the Eastern United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>Contemporary land-use pressures have a significant impact on the extent and condition of forests in the eastern United States, causing a regional-scale decline in forest cover. Earlier in the 20th century, land cover was on a trajectory of forest expansion that followed agricultural abandonment. However, the potential for forest regeneration has slowed, and the extent of regional forest cover has declined by more than 4.0%. Using remote-sensing data, statistical sampling, and change-detection methods, this research shows how land conversion varies spatially and temporally across the East from 1973–2000, and how those changes affect regional land-change dynamics. The analysis shows that agricultural land use has continued to decline, and that this enables forest recovery; however, an important land-cover transition has occurred, from a mode of regional forest-cover gain to one of forest-cover loss caused by timber cutting cycles, urbanization, and other land-use demands.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Institute of Biological Sciences","doi":"10.1525/bio.2010.60.4.7","issn":"00063568","usgsCitation":"Drummond, M.A., and Loveland, T.R., 2010, Land-use pressure and a transition to forest-cover loss in the Eastern United States: BioScience, v. 60, no. 4, p. 286-298, https://doi.org/10.1525/bio.2010.60.4.7.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"286","endPage":"298","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217054,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1525/bio.2010.60.4.7"}],"volume":"60","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a43c1e4b0c8380cd665bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drummond, Mark A. 0000-0001-7420-3503 madrummond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7420-3503","contributorId":3053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drummond","given":"Mark","email":"madrummond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":140256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":459903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037254,"text":"70037254 - 2010 - Limited evidence of trans-hemispheric movement of avian influenza viruses among contemporary North American shorebird isolates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-15T18:37:30","indexId":"70037254","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3699,"text":"Virus Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Limited evidence of trans-hemispheric movement of avian influenza viruses among contemporary North American shorebird isolates","docAbstract":"Migratory routes of gulls, terns, and shorebirds (Charadriiformes) are known to cross hemispheric boundaries and intersect with outbreak areas of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). Prior assessments of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) among species of this taxonomic order found some evidence for trans-hemispheric movement of virus genes. To specifically clarify the role of shorebird species in the trans-hemispheric movement of influenza viruses, assess the temporal variation of Eurasian lineages observed previously among North American shorebirds, and evaluate the necessity for continued sampling of these birds for HPAI in North America, we conducted a phylogenetic analysis of >700 contemporary sequences isolated between 2000 and 2008. Evidence for trans-hemispheric reassortment among North American shorebird LPAI gene segments was lower (0.88%) than previous assessments and occurred only among eastern North American isolates. Furthermore, half of the reassortment events occurred in just two isolates. Unique phylogenetic placement of these samples suggests secondary infection and or involvement of other migratory species, such as gulls. Eurasian lineages observed in North American shorebirds before 2000 were not detected among contemporary samples, suggesting temporal variation of LPAI lineages. Results suggest that additional bird migration ecology and virus phylogenetics research is needed to determine the exact mechanisms by which shorebirds in eastern North America become infected with LPAI that contain Eurasian lineage genes. Because of the low prevalence of avian influenza in non-eastern North America sites, thousands more shorebirds will need to be sampled to sufficiently examine genetic diversity and trans-hemispheric exchange of LPAI viruses in these areas. Alternatively, other avian taxa with higher virus prevalence could serve as surrogates to shorebirds for optimizing regional surveillance programs for HPAI through the LPAI phylogenetic approach.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Virus Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.virusres.2009.12.002","issn":"01681702","usgsCitation":"Pearce, J.M., Ramey, A.M., Ip, S., and Gill, R., 2010, Limited evidence of trans-hemispheric movement of avian influenza viruses among contemporary North American shorebird isolates: Virus Research, v. 148, no. 1-2, p. 44-50, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2009.12.002.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"44","endPage":"50","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245253,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217316,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2009.12.002"}],"volume":"148","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a478fe4b0c8380cd678cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ip, S. 0000-0003-4844-7533 hip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4844-7533","contributorId":727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ip","given":"S.","email":"hip@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gill, Robert E. Jr. 0000-0002-6385-4500 rgill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-4500","contributorId":171747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"Robert E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rgill@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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