Understanding the potential effects of increased reliance on wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents to meet municipal, agricultural, and environmental flow requires an understanding of the complex chemical loading characteristics of the WWTPs and the assimilative capacity of receiving waters. Stream ecosystem effects are linked to proportions of WWTP effluent under low-flow conditions as well as the nature of the effluent chemical mixtures. This study quantifies the loading of 58 inorganic constituents (nutrients to rare earth elements) from WWTP discharges relative to upstream landscape-based sources. Stream assimilation capacity was evaluated by Lagrangian sampling, using flow velocities determined from tracer experiments to track the same parcel of water as it moved downstream. Boulder Creek, Colorado and Fourmile Creek, Iowa, representing two different geologic and hydrologic landscapes, were sampled under low-flow conditions in the summer and spring. One-half of the constituents had greater loads from the WWTP effluents than the upstream drainages, and once introduced into the streams, dilution was the predominant assimilation mechanism. Only ammonium and bismuth had significant decreases in mass load downstream from the WWTPs during all samplings. The link between hydrology and water chemistry inherent in Lagrangian sampling allows quantitative assessment of chemical fate across different landscapes.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es104138y","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Barber, L.B., Antweiler, R.C., Flynn, J., Keefe, S., Kolpin, D., Roth, D., Schnoebelen, D., Taylor, H.E., and Verplanck, P., 2011, Lagrangian mass-flow investigations of inorganic contaminants in wastewater-impacted streams: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 45, no. 7, p. 2575-2583, https://doi.org/10.1021/es104138y.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2575","endPage":"2583","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-014941","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244421,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4134e4b0c8380cd653a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barber, L. B.","contributorId":64602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Antweiler, Ronald C. 0000-0001-5652-6034 antweil@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5652-6034","contributorId":1481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antweiler","given":"Ronald","email":"antweil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":444146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flynn, J.L.","contributorId":39889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flynn","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keefe, S.H.","contributorId":18965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keefe","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kolpin, D.W.","contributorId":87565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Roth, D.A.","contributorId":100864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roth","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schnoebelen, D.J.","contributorId":98352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schnoebelen","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Taylor, Howard E. hetaylor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Howard","email":"hetaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":444144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Verplanck, P. L. 0000-0002-3653-6419","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-6419","contributorId":106565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verplanck","given":"P. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70034251,"text":"70034251 - 2011 - Factors driving spatial and temporal variation in production and production/biomass ratio of stream-resident brown trout (Salmo trutta) in Cantabrian streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:46","indexId":"70034251","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors driving spatial and temporal variation in production and production/biomass ratio of stream-resident brown trout (Salmo trutta) in Cantabrian streams","docAbstract":"1.The objective was to identify the factors driving spatial and temporal variation in annual production (PA) and turnover (production/biomass) ratio (P/BA) of resident brown trout Salmo trutta in tributaries of the Rio Esva (Cantabrian Mountains, Asturias, north-western Spain). We examined annual production (total production of all age-classes over a year) (PA) and turnover (P/BA) ratios, in relation to year-class production (production over the entire life time of a year-class) (PT) and turnover (P/BT) ratio, over 14years at a total of 12 sites along the length of four contrasting tributaries. In addition, we explored whether the importance of recruitment and site depth for spatial and temporal variations in year-class production (PT), elucidated in previous studies, extends to annual production. 2.Large spatial (among sites) and temporal (among years) variation in annual production (range 1.9-40.3gm-2 per year) and P/BA ratio (range 0.76-2.4per year) typified these populations, values reported here including all the variation reported globally for salmonids streams inhabited by one or several species. 3.Despite substantial differences among streams and sites in all production attributes, when all data were pooled, annual (PA) and year-class production (PT) and annual (P/BA) and year-class P/BT ratios were tightly linked. Annual (PA) and year-class production (PT) were similar but not identical, i.e. PT=0.94 PA, whereas the P/BT ratios were 4+P/BA ratios. 4.Recruitment (Rc) and mean annual density (NA) were major density-dependent drivers of production and their relationships were described by simple mathematical models. While year-class production (PT) was determined (R2=70.1%) by recruitment (Rc), annual production (PA) was determined (R2=60.3%) by mean annual density (NA). In turn, variation in recruitment explained R2=55.2% of variation in year-class P/BT ratios, the latter attaining an asymptote at P/BT=6 at progressively higher levels of recruitment. Similarly, variations in mean annual density (NA) explained R2=52.1% of variation in annual P/BA, the latter reaching an asymptote at P/BA=2.1. This explained why P/BT is equal to P/BA plus the number of year-classes at high but not at low densities. 5.Site depth was a major determinant of spatial (among sites) variation in production attributes. All these attributes described two-phase trajectories with site depth, reaching a maximum at sites of intermediate depth and declining at shallower and deeper sites. As a consequence, at sites where recruitment and mean annual density reached minimum or maximum values, annual (PA) and year-class production (PT) and annual (P/BA) and year-class P/BT ratios also reached minimum and maximum values. ?? 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Freshwater Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2427.2011.02654.x","issn":"00465070","usgsCitation":"Lobon-Cervia, J., Gonzalez, G., and Budy, P., 2011, Factors driving spatial and temporal variation in production and production/biomass ratio of stream-resident brown trout (Salmo trutta) in Cantabrian streams: Freshwater Biology, v. 56, no. 11, p. 2272-2287, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2011.02654.x.","startPage":"2272","endPage":"2287","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216667,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2011.02654.x"},{"id":244552,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0ec1e4b0c8380cd535ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lobon-Cervia, J.","contributorId":18185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lobon-Cervia","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gonzalez, G.","contributorId":47174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonzalez","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Budy, P.","contributorId":68091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budy","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70034252,"text":"70034252 - 2011 - High hunting pressure selects for earlier birth date: Wild boar as a case study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:46","indexId":"70034252","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1598,"text":"Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High hunting pressure selects for earlier birth date: Wild boar as a case study","docAbstract":"Exploitation by humans affects the size and structure of populations. This has evolutionary and demographic consequences that have typically being studied independent of one another. We here applied a framework recently developed applying quantitative tools from population ecology and selection gradient analysis to quantify the selection on a quantitative trait-birth date-through its association with multiple fitness components. From the long-term monitoring (22 years) of a wild boar (Sus scrofa scrofa) population subject to markedly increasing hunting pressure, we found that birth dates have advanced by up to 12 days throughout the study period. During the period of low hunting pressure, there was no detectable selection. However, during the period of high hunting pressure, the selection gradient linking breeding probability in the first year of life to birth date was negative, supporting current life-history theory predicting selection for early births to reproduce within the first year of life with increasing adult mortality. ?? 2011 The Author(s). Evolution?? 2011 The Society for the Study of Evolution..","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Evolution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01366.x","issn":"00143820","usgsCitation":"Gamelon, M., Besnard, A., Gaillard, J., Servanty, S., Baubet, E., Brandt, S., and Gimenez, O., 2011, High hunting pressure selects for earlier birth date: Wild boar as a case study: Evolution, v. 65, no. 11, p. 3100-3112, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01366.x.","startPage":"3100","endPage":"3112","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216668,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01366.x"},{"id":244553,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a30bde4b0c8380cd5d8d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gamelon, M.","contributorId":92516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gamelon","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Besnard, A.","contributorId":20185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Besnard","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gaillard, J.-M.","contributorId":78967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaillard","given":"J.-M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Servanty, S.","contributorId":20573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Servanty","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baubet, E.","contributorId":28455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baubet","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brandt, S.","contributorId":36387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gimenez, O.","contributorId":60748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gimenez","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70034253,"text":"70034253 - 2011 - Movements of wolves at the northern extreme of the species' range, including during four months of darkness","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:46","indexId":"70034253","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movements of wolves at the northern extreme of the species' range, including during four months of darkness","docAbstract":"Information about wolf (Canis lupus) movements anywhere near the northern extreme of the species' range in the High Arctic (<75??N latitude) are lacking. There, wolves prey primarily on muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) and must survive 4 months of 24 hr/day winter darkness and temperatures reaching -53 C. The extent to which wolves remain active and prey on muskoxen during the dark period are unknown, for the closest area where information is available about winter wolf movements is >2,250 km south. We studied a pack of ???20 wolves on Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada (80??N latitude) from July 2009 through mid-April 2010 by collaring a lead wolf with a Global Positioning System (GPS)/Argos radio collar. The collar recorded the wolf's precise locations at 6:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. daily and transmitted the locations by satellite to our email. Straight-line distances between consecutive 12-hr locations varied between 0 and 76 km. Mean (SE) linear distance between consecutive locations (n = 554) was 11 (0.5) km. Total minimum distance traveled was 5,979 km, and total area covered was 6,640 km2, the largest wolf range reported. The wolf and presumably his pack once made a 263-km (straight-line distance) foray to the southeast during 19-28 January 2010, returning 29 January to 1 February at an average of 41 km/day straight-line distances between 12-hr locations. This study produced the first detailed movement information about any large mammal in the High Arctic, and the average movements during the dark period did not differ from those afterwards. Wolf movements during the dark period in the highest latitudes match those of the other seasons and generally those of wolves in lower latitudes, and, at least with the gross movements measurable by our methods, the 4-month period without direct sunlight produced little change in movements. ?? 2011 Mech, Cluff.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0025328","issn":"19326203","usgsCitation":"Mech, L., and Cluff, H., 2011, Movements of wolves at the northern extreme of the species' range, including during four months of darkness: PLoS ONE, v. 6, no. 10, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025328.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475357,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025328","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244584,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216698,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025328"}],"volume":"6","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5f74e4b0c8380cd70f7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cluff, H.D.","contributorId":19004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cluff","given":"H.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70034313,"text":"70034313 - 2011 - Predicting breeding habitat for amphibians: A spatiotemporal analysis across Yellowstone National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-22T17:01:03.465858","indexId":"70034313","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting breeding habitat for amphibians: A spatiotemporal analysis across Yellowstone National Park","docAbstract":"The ability to predict amphibian breeding across landscapes is important for informing land management decisions and helping biologists better understand and remediate factors contributing to declines in amphibian populations. We built geospatial models of likely breeding habitats for each of four amphibian species that breed in Yellowstone National Park (YNP). We used field data collected in 2000–2002 from 497 sites among 16 basins and predictor variables from geospatial models produced from remotely sensed data (e.g., digital elevation model, complex topographic index, landform data, wetland probability, and vegetative cover). Except for 31 sites in one basin that were surveyed in both 2000 and 2002, all sites were surveyed once. We used polytomous regression to build statistical models for each species of amphibian from (1) field survey site data only, (2) field data combined with data from geospatial models, and (3) data from geospatial models only. Based on measures of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) scores, models of the second type best explained likely breeding habitat because they contained the most information (ROC values ranged from 0.70 to 0.88). However, models of the third type could be applied to the entire YNP landscape and produced maps that could be verified with reserve field data. Accuracy rates for models built for single years were highly variable, ranging from 0.30 to 0.78. Accuracy rates for models built with data combined from multiple years were higher and less variable, ranging from 0.60 to 0.80. Combining results from the geospatial multiyear models yielded maps of “core” breeding areas (areas with high probability values for all three years) surrounded by areas that scored high for only one or two years, providing an estimate of variability among years. Such information can highlight landscape options for amphibian conservation. For example, our models identify alternative areas that could be protected for each species, including 6828–10 764 ha for tiger salamanders, 971–3017 ha for western toads, 4732–16 696 ha for boreal chorus frogs, and 4940–19 690 ha for Columbia spotted frogs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/10-1261.1","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Bartelt, P.E., Gallant, A.L., Klaver, R.W., Wright, C., Patla, D.A., and Peterson, C.R., 2011, Predicting breeding habitat for amphibians: A spatiotemporal analysis across Yellowstone National Park: Ecological Applications, v. 21, no. 7, p. 2530-2547, https://doi.org/10.1890/10-1261.1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"2530","endPage":"2547","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475420,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/10-1261.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244495,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216614,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/10-1261.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.0772705078125,\n 44.18614312298759\n ],\n [\n -109.8907470703125,\n 44.18614312298759\n ],\n [\n -109.8907470703125,\n 45.092913646051144\n ],\n [\n -111.0772705078125,\n 45.092913646051144\n ],\n [\n -111.0772705078125,\n 44.18614312298759\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a81aae4b0c8380cd7b670","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartelt, Paul E.","contributorId":18895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartelt","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gallant, Alisa L. 0000-0002-3029-6637 gallant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3029-6637","contributorId":2940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallant","given":"Alisa","email":"gallant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":445200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klaver, Robert W. 0000-0002-3263-9701 bklaver@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3263-9701","contributorId":3285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaver","given":"Robert","email":"bklaver@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":445204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wright, C.K.","contributorId":25780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"C.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Patla, Debra A.","contributorId":40059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patla","given":"Debra","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Peterson, Charles R.","contributorId":95738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70032394,"text":"70032394 - 2011 - Inversion of ground-motion data from a seismometer array for rotation using a modification of Jaeger's method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-23T09:45:16","indexId":"70032394","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inversion of ground-motion data from a seismometer array for rotation using a modification of Jaeger's method","docAbstract":"We develop a new way to invert 2D translational waveforms using Jaeger's (1969) formula to derive rotational ground motions about one axis and estimate the errors in them using techniques from statistical multivariate analysis. This procedure can be used to derive rotational ground motions and strains using arrayed translational data, thus providing an efficient way to calibrate the performance of rotational sensors. This approach does not require a priori information about the noise level of the translational data and elastic properties of the media. This new procedure also provides estimates of the standard deviations of the derived rotations and strains. In this study, we validated this code using synthetic translational waveforms from a seismic array. The results after the inversion of the synthetics for rotations were almost identical with the results derived using a well-tested inversion procedure by Spudich and Fletcher (2009). This new 2D procedure can be applied three times to obtain the full, three-component rotations. Additional modifications can be implemented to the code in the future to study different features of the rotational ground motions and strains induced by the passage of seismic waves.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120100204","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Chi, W., Lee, W., Aston, J., Lin, C., and Liu, C., 2011, Inversion of ground-motion data from a seismometer array for rotation using a modification of Jaeger's method: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 101, no. 6, p. 3105-3109, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120100204.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"3105","endPage":"3109","numberOfPages":"5","ipdsId":"IP-022928","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":213877,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120100204"},{"id":241543,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"101","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3e53e4b0c8380cd63ca6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chi, Wu-Cheng","contributorId":26148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chi","given":"Wu-Cheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, W.H.K.","contributorId":35303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"W.H.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aston, J.A.D.","contributorId":55650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aston","given":"J.A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lin, C.J.","contributorId":99385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Liu, C.-C.","contributorId":89662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"C.-C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032361,"text":"70032361 - 2011 - Metagenomic analysis of a permafrost microbial community reveals a rapid response to thaw","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-29T11:55:58.67828","indexId":"70032361","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metagenomic analysis of a permafrost microbial community reveals a rapid response to thaw","docAbstract":"Permafrost contains an estimated 1672 Pg carbon (C), an amount roughly equivalent to the total currently contained within land plants and the atmosphere1,2,3. This reservoir of C is vulnerable to decomposition as rising global temperatures cause the permafrost to thaw2. During thaw, trapped organic matter may become more accessible for microbial degradation and result in greenhouse gas emissions4,5. Despite recent advances in the use of molecular tools to study permafrost microbial communities6,7,8,9, their response to thaw remains unclear. Here we use deep metagenomic sequencing to determine the impact of thaw on microbial phylogenetic and functional genes, and relate these data to measurements of methane emissions. Metagenomics, the direct sequencing of DNA from the environment, allows the examination of whole biochemical pathways and associated processes, as opposed to individual pieces of the metabolic puzzle. Our metagenome analyses reveal that during transition from a frozen to a thawed state there are rapid shifts in many microbial, phylogenetic and functional gene abundances and pathways. After one week of incubation at 5 °C, permafrost metagenomes converge to be more similar to each other than while they are frozen. We find that multiple genes involved in cycling of C and nitrogen shift rapidly during thaw. We also construct the first draft genome from a complex soil metagenome, which corresponds to a novel methanogen. Methane previously accumulated in permafrost is released during thaw and subsequently consumed by methanotrophic bacteria. Together these data point towards the importance of rapid cycling of methane and nitrogen in thawing permafrost.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/nature10576","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"MacKelprang, R., Waldrop, M., Deangelis, K., David, M., Chavarria, K., Blazewicz, S., Rubin, E., and Jansson, J., 2011, Metagenomic analysis of a permafrost microbial community reveals a rapid response to thaw: Nature, v. 480, no. 7377, p. 368-371, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10576.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"368","endPage":"371","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475153,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1051660","text":"External Repository"},{"id":241576,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"480","issue":"7377","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a546ae4b0c8380cd6cf8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacKelprang, R.","contributorId":96490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKelprang","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waldrop, M. P. 0000-0003-1829-7140","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-7140","contributorId":105104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldrop","given":"M. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Deangelis, K.M.","contributorId":103096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deangelis","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"David, M.M.","contributorId":55219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"David","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chavarria, K.L.","contributorId":82932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chavarria","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Blazewicz, S.J.","contributorId":98957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazewicz","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rubin, E.M.","contributorId":26890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jansson, J.K.","contributorId":85411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jansson","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70035680,"text":"70035680 - 2011 - The effects of isolation on the demography and genetic diversity of long-lived species: Implications for conservation and management of the gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-09T13:41:02","indexId":"70035680","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1894,"text":"Herpetological Conservation and Biology","onlineIssn":"2151-0733","printIssn":"1931-7603","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of isolation on the demography and genetic diversity of long-lived species: Implications for conservation and management of the gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus)","docAbstract":"In the southeastern United States, habitat loss has fragmented the landscape and isolated many populations of this region's flora and fauna, which has presumably resulted in smaller population sizes and reduced levels of genetic diversity. For example, forestry practices and anthropogenic disturbances are both cited as factors fragmenting the once extensive range of Gopherus polyphemus. One localized, but extreme, source of fragmentation was the impoundment of the Chattahoochee River in 1963 to form Walter F. George Reservoir along the border of Georgia and Alabama. The formation of this reservoir isolated populations of G. polyphemus on two newly created islands providing a natural laboratory to explore the demographics and genetic effects of fragmentation on a long-lived species. These populations were first surveyed in 1984 and, 21 years later, we revisited them to collect demographic data and tissue samples for genetic analysis. We genotyped all individuals for 10 microsatellite loci, and we tested these data for bottlenecks and compared them to levels of genetic diversity for populations from other portions of the range. We found 45 and two individuals on the larger and smaller islands, respectively. On the large island, however, the population size was identical to the 1984 survey. Only the population structure based on estimated age differed between the 1984 and 2004 surveys, while population size structure based on carapace length, sex ratio, and sex-specific growth rates did not differ. The population of the large island showed genetic evidence of a past bottleneck. The genetic diversity indices from the population of the large island, however, were comparable to or greater than those found at mainland sites, in particular from western populations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetological Conservation and Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Herpetological Conservation and Biology","issn":"19317603","usgsCitation":"Ennen, J., Birkhead, R., Kreiser, B., Gaillard, D., Qualls, C., and Lovich, J., 2011, The effects of isolation on the demography and genetic diversity of long-lived species: Implications for conservation and management of the gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus): Herpetological Conservation and Biology, v. 6, no. 2, p. 202-214.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"202","endPage":"214","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244268,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272151,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://profile.usgs.gov/myscience/upload_folder/ci2012Nov2416114733446Ennen_etal_2011%20gopher%20tortoise%20paper.pdf"}],"volume":"6","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab86e4b08c986b322ed4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ennen, J.R.","contributorId":108335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ennen","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Birkhead, R.D.","contributorId":32752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birkhead","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kreiser, B.R.","contributorId":17441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kreiser","given":"B.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gaillard, D.L.","contributorId":103494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaillard","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Qualls, C.P.","contributorId":37983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qualls","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lovich, J.E.","contributorId":102411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovich","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70035523,"text":"70035523 - 2011 - Tracking solutes and water from subsurface drip irrigation application of coalbed methane-produced waters, Powder River Basin, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-23T21:18:45.582846","indexId":"70035523","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1541,"text":"Environmental Geosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tracking solutes and water from subsurface drip irrigation application of coalbed methane-produced waters, Powder River Basin, Wyoming","docAbstract":"One method to beneficially use water produced from coalbed methane (CBM) extraction is subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) of croplands. In SDI systems, treated CBM water (injectate) is supplied to the soil at depth, with the purpose of preventing the buildup of detrimental salts near the surface. The technology is expanding within the Powder River Basin, but little research has been published on its environmental impacts. This article reports on initial results from tracking water and solutes from the injected CBM-produced waters at an SDI system in Johnson County, Wyoming.
In the first year of SDI operation, soil moisture significantly increased in the SDI areas, but well water levels increased only modestly, suggesting that most of the water added was stored in the vadose zone or lost to evapotranspiration. The injectate has lower concentrations of most inorganic constituents relative to ambient groundwater at the site but exhibits a high sodium adsorption ratio. Changes in groundwater chemistry during the same period of SDI operation were small; the increase in groundwater-specific conductance relative to pre-SDI conditions was observed in a single well. Conversely, groundwater samples collected beneath another SDI field showed decreased concentrations of several constituents since the SDI operation. Groundwater-specific conductance at the 12 other wells showed no significant changes. Major controls on and compositional variability of groundwater, surface water, and soil water chemistry are discussed in detail. Findings from this research provide an understanding of water and salt dynamics associated with SDI systems using CBM-produced water.
","language":"English","publisher":"Datapages","doi":"10.1306/eg.03031111004","issn":"10759565","usgsCitation":"Engle, M.A., Bern, C.R., Healy, R.W., Sams, J., Zupancic, J., and Schroeder, K., 2011, Tracking solutes and water from subsurface drip irrigation application of coalbed methane-produced waters, Powder River Basin, Wyoming: Environmental Geosciences, v. 18, no. 3, p. 169-187, https://doi.org/10.1306/eg.03031111004.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"187","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":383607,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Powder River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.325439453125,\n 42.17968819665961\n ],\n [\n -104.073486328125,\n 42.17968819665961\n ],\n [\n -104.073486328125,\n 45.01918507438176\n ],\n [\n -107.325439453125,\n 45.01918507438176\n ],\n [\n -107.325439453125,\n 42.17968819665961\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb6a7e4b08c986b326dd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Engle, Mark A. 0000-0001-5258-7374 engle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5258-7374","contributorId":584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"Mark","email":"engle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bern, Carleton R. 0000-0002-8980-1781 cbern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8980-1781","contributorId":201152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bern","given":"Carleton","email":"cbern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Healy, Richard W. 0000-0002-0224-1858 rwhealy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0224-1858","contributorId":658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"Richard","email":"rwhealy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sams, J.I.","contributorId":76903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sams","given":"J.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zupancic, J.W.","contributorId":42808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zupancic","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schroeder, K.T.","contributorId":102113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroeder","given":"K.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70034340,"text":"70034340 - 2011 - Native and exotic plants of fragments of sagebrush steppe produced by geomorphic processes versus land use","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-23T12:26:41.741319","indexId":"70034340","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3086,"text":"Plant Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Native and exotic plants of fragments of sagebrush steppe produced by geomorphic processes versus land use","docAbstract":"Habitat fragmentation and invasion by exotic species are regarded as major threats to the biodiversity of many ecosystems. We surveyed the plant communities of two types of remnant sagebrush-steppe fragments from nearby areas on the Snake River Plain of southeastern Idaho, USA. One type resulted from land use (conversion to dryland agriculture; hereafter AG Islands) and the other from geomorphic processes (Holocene volcanism; hereafter kipukas). We assessed two predictions for the variation in native plant species richness of these fragments, using structural equation models (SEM). First, we predicted that the species richness of native plants would follow the MacArthur–Wilson (M–W) hypothesis of island biogeography, as often is expected for the communities of habitat fragments. Second, we predicted a negative relationship between native and exotic plants, as would be expected if exotic plants are decreasing the diversity of native plants. Finally, we assessed whether exotic species were more strongly associated with the fragments embedded in the agricultural landscape, as would be expected if agriculture had facilitated the introduction and naturalization of non-native species, and whether the communities of the two types of fragments were distinct. Species richness of native plants was not strongly correlated with M–W characteristics for either the AG Islands or the **kipukas. The AG Islands had more species and higher cover of exotics than the kipukas, and exotic plants were good predictors of native plant species richness. Our results support the hypothesis that proximity to agriculture can increase the diversity and abundance of exotic plants in native habitat. In combination with other information, the results also suggest that agriculture and exotic species have caused loss of native diversity and reorganization of the sagebrush-steppe plant community.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11258-011-9930-2","issn":"13850237","usgsCitation":"Huntly, N., Bangert, R., and Hanser, S., 2011, Native and exotic plants of fragments of sagebrush steppe produced by geomorphic processes versus land use: Plant Ecology, v. 212, no. 9, p. 1549-1561, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-011-9930-2.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1549","endPage":"1561","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244496,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Snake River Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.02636718749999,\n 44.512176171071054\n ],\n [\n -117.0703125,\n 43.46886761482925\n ],\n [\n -116.54296874999999,\n 42.98857645832184\n ],\n [\n -115.224609375,\n 42.52069952914966\n ],\n [\n -113.6865234375,\n 42.47209690919285\n ],\n [\n -112.236328125,\n 42.79540065303723\n ],\n [\n -111.22558593749999,\n 43.30919109985686\n ],\n [\n -110.9619140625,\n 44.29240108529005\n ],\n [\n -112.763671875,\n 44.32384807250689\n ],\n [\n -113.5986328125,\n 43.8186748554532\n ],\n [\n -114.67529296874999,\n 43.18114705939968\n ],\n [\n -115.8837890625,\n 43.70759350405294\n ],\n [\n -117.02636718749999,\n 44.512176171071054\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"212","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a62bee4b0c8380cd720aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huntly, N.","contributorId":39611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntly","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bangert, R.","contributorId":7938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bangert","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hanser, S.E.","contributorId":13823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanser","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70034406,"text":"70034406 - 2011 - Hillslope chemical weathering across Paraná, Brazil: a data mining-GIS hybrid approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-12T13:29:38","indexId":"70034406","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hillslope chemical weathering across Paraná, Brazil: a data mining-GIS hybrid approach","docAbstract":"Self-organizing map (SOM) and geographic information system (GIS) models were used to investigate the nonlinear relationships associated with geochemical weathering processes at local (~100 km2) and regional (~50,000 km2) scales. The data set consisted of 1) 22 B-horizon soil variables: P, C, pH, Al, total acidity, Ca, Mg, K, total cation exchange capacity, sum of exchangeable bases, base saturation, Cu, Zn, Fe, B, S, Mn, gammaspectrometry (total count, potassium, thorium, and uranium) and magnetic susceptibility measures; and 2) six topographic variables: elevation, slope, aspect, hydrological accumulated flux, horizontal curvature and vertical curvature. It is characterized at 304 locations from a quasi-regular grid spaced about 24 km across the state of Paraná. This data base was split into two subsets: one for analysis and modeling (274 samples) and the other for validation (30 samples) purposes. The self-organizing map and clustering methods were used to identify and classify the relations among solid-phase chemical element concentrations and GIS derived topographic models. The correlation between elevation and k-means clusters related the relative position inside hydrologic macro basins, which was interpreted as an expression of the weathering process reaching a steady-state condition at the regional scale. Locally, the chemical element concentrations were related to the vertical curvature representing concave–convex hillslope features, where concave hillslopes with convergent flux tends to be a reducing environment and convex hillslopes with divergent flux, oxidizing environments. Stochastic cross validation demonstrated that the SOM produced unbiased classifications and quantified the relative amount of uncertainty in predictions. This work strengthens the hypothesis that, at B-horizon steady-state conditions, the terrain morphometry were linked with the soil geochemical weathering in a two-way dependent process: the topographic relief was a factor on environmental geochemistry while chemical weathering was for terrain feature delineation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2011.05.006","issn":"0169555X","usgsCitation":"Iwashita, F., Friedel, M.J., Filho, C., and Fraser, S.J., 2011, Hillslope chemical weathering across Paraná, Brazil: a data mining-GIS hybrid approach: Geomorphology, v. 132, no. 3-4, p. 167-175, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2011.05.006.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"167","endPage":"175","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244470,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216590,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2011.05.006"}],"country":"Brazil","state":"Parana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -54.58007812499999,\n -26.391869671769022\n ],\n [\n -54.58007812499999,\n -22.45164881912619\n ],\n [\n -47.9443359375,\n -22.45164881912619\n ],\n [\n -47.9443359375,\n -26.391869671769022\n ],\n [\n -54.58007812499999,\n -26.391869671769022\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"132","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a314ee4b0c8380cd5ddf4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iwashita, Fabio","contributorId":72287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwashita","given":"Fabio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Friedel, Michael J. 0000-0002-5060-3999 mfriedel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5060-3999","contributorId":595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedel","given":"Michael","email":"mfriedel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":445621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Filho, Carlos Roberto de Souza","contributorId":83361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Filho","given":"Carlos Roberto de Souza","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fraser, Stephen J.","contributorId":87769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fraser","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034410,"text":"70034410 - 2011 - Nutrient loadings to streams of the Continental United States from municipal and industrial effluent","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-22T11:52:32.418992","indexId":"70034410","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nutrient loadings to streams of the Continental United States from municipal and industrial effluent","docAbstract":"Data from the United States Environmental Protection Agency Permit Compliance System national database were used to calculate annual total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) loads to surface waters from municipal and industrial facilities in six major regions of the United States for 1992, 1997, and 2002. Concentration and effluent flow data were examined for approximately 118,250 facilities in 45 states and the District of Columbia. Inconsistent and incomplete discharge locations, effluent flows, and effluent nutrient concentrations limited the use of these data for calculating nutrient loads. More concentrations were reported for major facilities, those discharging more than 1 million gallons per day, than for minor facilities, and more concentrations were reported for TP than for TN. Analytical methods to check and improve the quality of the Permit Compliance System data were used. Annual loads were calculated using “typical pollutant concentrations” to supplement missing concentrations based on the type and size of facilities. Annual nutrient loads for over 26,600 facilities were calculated for at least one of the three years. Sewage systems represented 74% of all TN loads and 58% of all TP loads. This work represents an initial set of data to develop a comprehensive and consistent national database of point‐source nutrient loads. These loads can be used to inform a wide range of water‐quality management, watershed modeling, and research efforts at multiple scales.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00576.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Maupin, M., and Ivahnenko, T., 2011, Nutrient loadings to streams of the Continental United States from municipal and industrial effluent: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 47, no. 5, p. 950-964, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00576.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"950","endPage":"964","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475220,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3307619","text":"External Repository"},{"id":244563,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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States\"}}]}","volume":"47","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a693ee4b0c8380cd73c16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maupin, M.A.","contributorId":54433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maupin","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ivahnenko, T.","contributorId":20495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivahnenko","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70034512,"text":"70034512 - 2011 - Stratigraphy and chronology of offshore to nearshore deposits associated with the Provo shoreline, Pleistocene Lake Bonneville, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-19T17:19:48.063282","indexId":"70034512","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphy and chronology of offshore to nearshore deposits associated with the Provo shoreline, Pleistocene Lake Bonneville, Utah","docAbstract":"Stratigraphic descriptions and radiocarbon data from eleven field locations are presented in this paper to establish a chronostratigraphic framework for offshore to nearshore deposits of Lake Bonneville. Based on key marker beds and geomorphic position, the deposits are interpreted to have accumulated during the period from the late transgressive phase, through the overflowing phase, into the regressive phase of the lake. Radiocarbon ages of sediments associated with the Provo shoreline indicate that Lake Bonneville dropped rapidly from the Provo shoreline at about 12,600 14C yr BP (15,000 cal yr B.P.). The presence of one or more sand beds in the upper part of the Provo-aged marl indicates rapid lowering of lake level or storm events at the end of the Provo episode. An accurate understanding of the timing and nature of Lake Bonneville's climate-driven regression from the Provo shoreline is critical to correlations with records of regional and hemispheric climate change. The rapid descent of the lake from the Provo shoreline correlates with the decline of Lakes Lahontan and Estancia, and with the onset of the BØlling–AllerØd warming event.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.08.005","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Godsey, H., Oviatt, C.G., Miller, D., and Chan, M., 2011, Stratigraphy and chronology of offshore to nearshore deposits associated with the Provo shoreline, Pleistocene Lake Bonneville, Utah: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 310, no. 3-4, p. 442-450, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.08.005.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"442","endPage":"450","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243655,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215828,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.08.005"}],"volume":"310","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b997de4b08c986b31c456","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Godsey, H.S.","contributorId":29659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godsey","given":"H.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oviatt, Charles G.","contributorId":36580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oviatt","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, D. M. 0000-0003-3711-0441","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":104422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"D. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chan, M.A.","contributorId":52340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chan","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034595,"text":"70034595 - 2011 - Water- and sediment-quality effects on Pimephales promelas spawning vary along an agriculture-to-urban land-use gradient","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T16:13:02.697382","indexId":"70034595","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water- and sediment-quality effects on Pimephales promelas spawning vary along an agriculture-to-urban land-use gradient","docAbstract":"Many streams in the U.S. are “impaired” due to anthropogenic influence. For watershed managers to achieve practical understanding of these impairments, a multitude of factors must be considered, including point and nonpoint-source influence on water quality. A spawning assay was developed in this study to evaluate water- and sediment-quality effects that influenced Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) egg production over a gradient of urban and agricultural land use in 27 small watersheds in Eastern Wisconsin. Six pairs of reproducing fathead minnows were contained in separate mesh cartridges within one larger flow-through chamber. Water- and sediment quality were sampled for an array of parameters. Egg production was monitored for each pair providing an assessment of spawning success throughout the 21-day test periods. Incidences of low dissolved oxygen (DO) in many of these streams negatively impacted spawning success. Nine of 27 streams experienced DO less than 3.1 mg/L and 15 streams experienced DO less than 4.8 mg/L. Low DO was observed in urban and agricultural watersheds, but the upper threshold of minimum DO decreased with increasing urban development. An increase in specific conductance was related to a decrease in spawning success. In previous studies for streams in this region, specific conductance had a linear relation with chloride, suggesting the possibility that chloride could be a factor in egg production. Egg production was lower at sites with substantial urban development, but sites with low egg production were not limited to urban sites. Degradation of water- and sediment-quality parameters with increasing urban development is indicated for multiple parameters while patterns were not detected for others. Results from this study indicate that DO must be a high priority watershed management consideration for this region, specific conductance should be investigated further to determine the mechanism of the relation with egg production, and water- and sediment-quality degrade in relation to urban influence.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.08.014","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Corsi, S., Klaper, R., Weber, D., and Bannerman, R., 2011, Water- and sediment-quality effects on Pimephales promelas spawning vary along an agriculture-to-urban land-use gradient: Science of the Total Environment, v. 409, no. 22, p. 4847-4857, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.08.014.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"4847","endPage":"4857","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243442,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215626,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.08.014"}],"volume":"409","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcce7e4b08c986b32ddaa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Corsi, S.R.","contributorId":76346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corsi","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klaper, R.D.","contributorId":72114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaper","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weber, D.N.","contributorId":15032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weber","given":"D.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bannerman, R.T.","contributorId":92304,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bannerman","given":"R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6913,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":446561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034605,"text":"70034605 - 2011 - Recent changes in burbot growth in Lake Erie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-28T13:29:25","indexId":"70034605","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent changes in burbot growth in Lake Erie","docAbstract":"Recruitment of burbot Lota lota in eastern Lake Erie, estimated by catches of age-4 burbot, was high during 1997–2001 and then abruptly declined to low levels during 2002–2007. The invasive round goby Neogobius melanostomus, a benthic species, was first collected in trawl assessments in eastern Lake Erie in 1999, and was first found in stomachs of burbot in 2001. By 2003, round goby became an important prey in the diet of burbot. We hypothesized that the combined effects of low recruitment and consumption of round goby would result in increased size-at-age in burbot. We reasoned that: (i) decreased competition for resources among juveniles should result in larger adults, and (ii) consumption of a benthic prey by a bottom-dwelling predator such as burbot should require less foraging in the water column, and thus less energetic expenditure. We divided our data into two temporal periods: one in which burbot belonged to strong year classes and ate few, if any round goby (i.e., year classes 1989–1997 collected during 1997–2001) and one in which burbot belonged to weak year classes and probably ate round gobies by age 4 (year classes 1998–2003 collected during 2002–2007). Mass and total lengths at ages 4–7 were generally higher during the second period. However, the rates of growth between ages 4 and 7 were not different for the two periods. The results indicate that greater growth at ages 0–4 resulted in larger size at ages 4–7 in the latter period. More information on juvenile diet and growth in burbot is needed for effective conservation of burbot stocks.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/j.1439-0426.2011.01845.x","issn":"01758659","usgsCitation":"Stapanian, M., Edwards, W., and Witzel, L., 2011, Recent changes in burbot growth in Lake Erie: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 27, no. S1, p. 57-64, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2011.01845.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"57","endPage":"64","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487228,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2011.01845.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":215777,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2011.01845.x"},{"id":243602,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"S1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a95ece4b0c8380cd81cfd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stapanian, M.A.","contributorId":65437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stapanian","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, W.H.","contributorId":43718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"W.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Witzel, L.D.","contributorId":70324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witzel","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70034606,"text":"70034606 - 2011 - Mid Holocene lake level and shoreline behavior during the Nipissing phase of the upper Great Lakes at Alpena, Michigan, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-15T12:00:47.440536","indexId":"70034606","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mid Holocene lake level and shoreline behavior during the Nipissing phase of the upper Great Lakes at Alpena, Michigan, USA","docAbstract":"The Nipissing phase was the last pre-modern high-water stage of the upper Great Lakes. Represented as either a one- or two-peak highstand, the Nipissing occurred following a long-term lake-level rise. This transgression was primarily an erosional event with only the final stage of the transgression preserved as barriers, spits, and strandplains of beach ridges. South of Alpena, Michigan, mid to late Holocene coastal deposits occur as a strandplain between Devils Lake and Lake Huron. The landward part of this strandplain is a higher elevation platform that formed during the final stage of lake-level rise to the Nipissing peak. The pre-Nipissing shoreline transgressed over Devils Lake lagoonal deposits from 6.4 to 6.1 ka. The first beach ridge formed ~ 6 ka, and then the shoreline advanced toward Lake Huron, producing beach ridges about every 70 years. This depositional regression produced a slightly thickening wedge of sediment during a lake-level rise that formed 20 beach ridges. The rise ended at 4.5 ka at the Nipissing peak. This peak was short-lived, as lake level fell > 4 m during the following 500 years. During this lake-level rise and subsequent fall, the shoreline underwent several forms of shoreline behavior, including erosional transgression, aggradation, depositional transgression, depositional regression, and forced regression. Other upper Great Lakes Nipissing platforms indicate that the lake-level change observed at Alpena of a rapid pre-Nipissing lake-level rise followed by a slower rise to the Nipissing peak, and a post-Nipissing rapid lake-level fall is representative of mid Holocene lake level in the upper Great Lakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2011.05.012","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Thompson, T., Lepper, K., Endres, A., Johnston, J., Baedke, S., Argyilan, E., Booth, R., and Wilcox, D., 2011, Mid Holocene lake level and shoreline behavior during the Nipissing phase of the upper Great Lakes at Alpena, Michigan, USA: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 37, no. 3, p. 567-576, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2011.05.012.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"567","endPage":"576","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243630,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215804,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2011.05.012"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","city":"Alpena","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.5455322265625,\n 44.820812031724444\n ],\n [\n -83.2598876953125,\n 44.820812031724444\n ],\n [\n -83.2598876953125,\n 45.1394300814679\n ],\n [\n -83.5455322265625,\n 45.1394300814679\n ],\n [\n -83.5455322265625,\n 44.820812031724444\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"37","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a56b1e4b0c8380cd6d763","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thompson, T.A.","contributorId":73226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lepper, K.","contributorId":81284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lepper","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Endres, A.L.","contributorId":71025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Endres","given":"A.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnston, J.W.","contributorId":67260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baedke, S.J.","contributorId":14585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baedke","given":"S.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Argyilan, E.P.","contributorId":11822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Argyilan","given":"E.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Booth, R.K.","contributorId":47122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Booth","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wilcox, D.A.","contributorId":55382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcox","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70034707,"text":"70034707 - 2011 - Ages and sources of components of Zn-Pb, Cu, precious metal, and platinum group element deposits in the goodsprings district, Clark County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T16:01:33","indexId":"70034707","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ages and sources of components of Zn-Pb, Cu, precious metal, and platinum group element deposits in the goodsprings district, Clark County, Nevada","docAbstract":"The Goodsprings district, Clark County, Nevada, includes zinc-dominant carbonate replacement deposits of probable late Paleozoic age, and lead-dominant carbonate replacement deposits, copper ± precious metal-platinum group element (PGE) deposits, and gold ± silver deposits that are spatially associated with Late Triassic porphyritic intrusions. The district encompasses ~500 km2 although the distribution of all deposits has been laterally condensed by late Mesozoic crustal contraction. Zinc, Pb, and Cu production from about 90 deposits was ~160,000 metric tons (t) (Zn > Pb >> Cu), 2.1 million ounces (Moz) Ag, 0.09 Moz Au, and small amounts of PGEs—Co, V, Hg, Sb, Ni, Mo, Mn, Ir, and U—were also recovered.
Zinc-dominant carbonate replacement deposits (Zn > Pb; Ag ± Cu) resemble Mississippi Valley Type (MVT) Zn-Pb deposits in that they occur in karst and fault breccias in Mississippian limestone where the southern margin of the regional late Paleozoic foreland basin adjoins Proterozoic crystalline rocks of the craton. They consist of calcite, dolomite, sphalerite, and galena with variably positive S isotope compositions (δ34S values range from 2.5–13‰), and highly radiogenic Pb isotope compositions (206Pb/204Pb >19), typical of MVT deposits above crystalline Precambrian basement. These deposits may have formed when southward flow of saline fluids, derived from basinal and older sedimentary rocks, encountered thinner strata and pinch-outs against the craton, forcing fluid mixing and mineral precipitation in karst and fault breccias. Lead-dominant carbonate replacement deposits (Pb > Zn, Ag ± Cu ± Au) occur among other deposit types, often near porphyritic intrusions. They generally contain higher concentrations of precious metals than zinc-dominant deposits and relatively abundant iron oxides after pyrite. They share characteristics with copper ± precious metal-PGE and gold ± silver deposits including fine-grained quartz replacement of carbonate minerals in ore breccias and relatively low S and Pb isotope values (δ34S values vary from 0–~4‰; 206Pb/204Pb <18.5). Copper ± precious metal-PGE deposits (Cu, Co, Ag, Au, Pd, and Pt) consist of Cu carbonate minerals (after chalcocite and chalcopyrite) and fine-grained quartz that have replaced breccia clasts and margins of fissures in Paleozoic limestones and dolomites near porphyritic intrusions. Gold ± silver deposits occur along contacts and within small-volume stocks and dikes of feldspar porphyry, one textural variety of porphyritic intrusions. Lead isotope compositions of copper ± precious metal-PGE, gold ± silver, and lead-dominant carbonate replacement deposits are similar to those of Mojave crust plutons, indicating derivation of Pb from 1.7 Ga crystalline basement or from Late Proterozoic siliciclastic sedimentary rocks derived from 1.7 Ga crystalline basement.
Four texturally and modally distinctive porphyritic intrusions are exposed largely in the central part of the district: feldspar quartz porphyry, plagioclase quartz porphyry, feldspar biotite quartz porphyry, and feldspar porphyry. Intrusions consist of 64 to 70 percent SiO2 and variable K2O/Na2O (0.14–5.33) that reflect proportions of K-feldspar and albite phenocrysts and megacrysts as well as partial alteration to K-mica; quartz and biotite phenocrysts are present in several subtypes. Albite may have formed during emplacement of magma in brine-saturated basinal strata, whereas hydrothermal alteration of matrix, phenocrystic, and megacrystic feldspar and biotite to K-mica, pyrite, and other hydrothermal minerals occurred during and after intrusion emplacement. Small volumes of garnet-diopside-quartz and retrograde epidote-mica-amphibole skarn have replaced carbonate rocks adjacent to one intrusion subtype (feldspar-quartz porphyry), but alteration of carbonate rocks at intrusion contacts elsewhere is inconspicuous.
Uranium-lead ages of igneous zircons vary inconsistently from ~ 180 to 230 Ma and are too imprecise to distinguish age differences among intrusion subtypes; most ages are 210 to 225 Ma, yielding a mean of 217 ± 1 Ma. K-Ar and 40Ar/39Ar ages of magmatic (plagioclase, biotite) and hydrothermal (K-mica) minerals span a similar range (183–227 Ma), demonstrating broadly contemporaneous intrusion emplacement and hydrothermal alteration but allowing for multiple Late Triassic magmatic-hydrothermal events. Imprecision and range of isotopic ages may have resulted from burial beneath Mesozoic and Tertiary strata and multiple intrusion of magmas, causing thermal disturbance to Ar systems and Pb loss from zircons in intrusions.
Separate late Paleozoic (zinc-dominant carbonate replacement deposits) and Late Triassic (all other deposits) mineralizing events are supported by form, distribution, and host rocks of metal deposits, by hydrothermal mineral assemblages, isotope compositions, metal abundances, and metal diversity, and by small intrusion volumes. These characteristics collectively distinguish the Goodsprings district from larger intrusion related carbonate replacement districts in the western United States. They can be used to evaluate proximity to unexposed porphyritic intrusions associated with PGE and gold ± silver mineralization.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/econgeo.106.3.381","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Vikre, P., Browne, Q.J., Fleck, R.J., Hofstra, A.H., and Wooden, J.L., 2011, Ages and sources of components of Zn-Pb, Cu, precious metal, and platinum group element deposits in the goodsprings district, Clark County, Nevada: Economic Geology, v. 106, no. 3, p. 381-412, https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.106.3.381.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"381","endPage":"412","numberOfPages":"32","ipdsId":"IP-022141","costCenters":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243668,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215839,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.106.3.381"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Clark County","volume":"106","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e902e4b0c8380cd48032","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vikre, Peter G. pvikre@usgs.gov","contributorId":1800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vikre","given":"Peter G.","email":"pvikre@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":447131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Browne, Quentin J.","contributorId":25381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Browne","given":"Quentin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fleck, Robert J. 0000-0002-3149-8249 fleck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3149-8249","contributorId":1048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleck","given":"Robert","email":"fleck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hofstra, Albert H. 0000-0002-2450-1593 ahofstra@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-1593","contributorId":1302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofstra","given":"Albert","email":"ahofstra@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wooden, Joseph L.","contributorId":193587,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wooden","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036728,"text":"70036728 - 2011 - Rapid diagnosis of avian influenza virus in wild birds: Use of a portable rRT-PCR and freeze-dried reagents in the field","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-27T18:52:11.151666","indexId":"70036728","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2498,"text":"Journal of Visualized Experiments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid diagnosis of avian influenza virus in wild birds: Use of a portable rRT-PCR and freeze-dried reagents in the field","docAbstract":"Wild birds have been implicated in the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) of the H5N1 subtype, prompting surveillance along migratory flyways. Sampling of wild birds for avian influenza virus (AIV) is often conducted in remote regions, but results are often delayed because of the need to transport samples to a laboratory equipped for molecular testing. Real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) is a molecular technique that offers one of the most accurate and sensitive methods for diagnosis of AIV. The previously strict lab protocols needed for rRT-PCR are now being adapted for the field. Development of freeze-dried (lyophilized) reagents that do not require cold chain, with sensitivity at the level of wet reagents has brought on-site remote testing to a practical goal. Here we present a method for the rapid diagnosis of AIV in wild birds using an rRT-PCR unit (Ruggedized Advanced Pathogen Identification Device or RAPID, Idaho Technologies, Salt Lake City, UT) that employs lyophilized reagents (Influenza A Target 1 Taqman; ASAY-ASY-0109, Idaho Technologies). The reagents contain all of the necessary components for testing at appropriate concentrations in a single tube: primers, probes, enzymes, buffers and internal positive controls, eliminating errors associated with improper storage or handling of wet reagents. The portable unit performs a screen for Influenza A by targeting the matrix gene and yields results in 2-3 hours. Genetic subtyping is also possible with H5 and H7 primer sets that target the hemagglutinin gene. The system is suitable for use on cloacal and oropharyngeal samples collected from wild birds, as demonstrated here on the migratory shorebird species, the western sandpiper (Calidrus mauri) captured in Northern California. Animal handling followed protocols approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of the U.S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center and permits of the U.S. Geological Survey Bird Banding Laboratory. The primary advantage of this technique is to expedite diagnosis of wild birds, increasing the chances of containing an outbreak in a remote location. On-site diagnosis would also prove useful for identifying and studying infected individuals in wild populations. The opportunity to collect information on host biology (immunological and physiological response to infection) and spatial ecology (migratory performance of infected birds) will provide insights into the extent to which wild birds can act as vectors for AIV over long distances.","language":"English","publisher":"JoVE","doi":"10.3791/2829","issn":"1940087X","usgsCitation":"Takekawa, J.Y., Hill, N., Schultz, A., Iverson, S.A., Cardona, C., Boyce, W., and Dudley, J., 2011, Rapid diagnosis of avian influenza virus in wild birds: Use of a portable rRT-PCR and freeze-dried reagents in the field: Journal of Visualized Experiments, v. 54, e2829, https://doi.org/10.3791/2829.","productDescription":"e2829","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475410,"rank":3,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3217620","text":"External Repository"},{"id":217479,"rank":2,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3791/2829"},{"id":245430,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a94d3e4b0c8380cd8163d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":457546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, N.J.","contributorId":55655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"N.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schultz, A.K.","contributorId":88983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"A.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Iverson, S. A.","contributorId":22556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cardona, C.J.","contributorId":63654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cardona","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Boyce, W.M.","contributorId":12266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyce","given":"W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dudley, J.P.","contributorId":22609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dudley","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ]}