Land cover and land use changes can have a wide variety of ecological effects, including significant impacts on soils and water quality. In rural areas, even subtle changes in farming practices can affect landscape features and functions, and consequently the environment. Fine-scale analyses have to be performed to better understand the land cover change processes. At the same time, models of land cover change have to be developed in order to anticipate where changes are more likely to occur next. Such predictive information is essential to propose and implement sustainable and efficient environmental policies. Future landscape studies can provide a framework to forecast how land use and land cover changes is likely to react differently to subtle changes. This paper proposes a four step framework to forecast landscape futures at fine scales by coupling scenarios and landscape modelling approaches. This methodology has been tested on two contrasting agricultural landscapes located in the United States and France, to identify possible landscape changes based on forecasting and backcasting agriculture intensification scenarios. Both examples demonstrate that relatively subtle land cover and land use changes can have a large impact on future landscapes. Results highlight how such subtle changes have to be considered in term of quantity, location, and frequency of land use and land cover to appropriately assess environmental impacts on water pollution (France) and soil erosion (US). The results highlight opportunities for improvements in landscape modelling.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer ","doi":"10.1007/s10980-009-9362-8","usgsCitation":"Houet, T., Loveland, T., Hubert-Moy, L., Gaucherel, C., Napton, D., Barnes, C., and Sayler, K., 2010, Exploring subtle land use and land cover changes: A framework for future landscape studies: Landscape Ecology, v. 25, no. 2, p. 249-266, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-009-9362-8.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"249","endPage":"266","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475961,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hal.science/hal-00389832","text":"External Repository"},{"id":372346,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"France, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -5.185546875,\n 47.249406957888446\n ],\n [\n -1.23046875,\n 47.249406957888446\n ],\n [\n -1.23046875,\n 49.095452162534826\n ],\n [\n -5.185546875,\n 49.095452162534826\n ],\n [\n -5.185546875,\n 47.249406957888446\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.140625,\n 43.02071359427862\n ],\n [\n -97.36083984375,\n 43.02071359427862\n ],\n [\n -97.36083984375,\n 44.071800467511565\n ],\n [\n -99.140625,\n 44.071800467511565\n ],\n [\n -99.140625,\n 43.02071359427862\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Houet, Thomas","contributorId":167857,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Houet","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24840,"text":"University of Toulouse, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":140611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hubert-Moy, Laurence","contributorId":222517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hubert-Moy","given":"Laurence","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gaucherel, Cedric","contributorId":222518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gaucherel","given":"Cedric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Napton, Darrell","contributorId":176288,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Napton","given":"Darrell","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Barnes, Christopher 0000-0002-4608-4364 christopher.barnes.ctr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4608-4364","contributorId":198908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"Christopher","email":"christopher.barnes.ctr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sayler, Kristi L. 0000-0003-2514-242X sayler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2514-242X","contributorId":2988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sayler","given":"Kristi","email":"sayler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70200499,"text":"70200499 - 2010 - Mercury contamination in three species of anuran amphibians from the Cache Creek watershed, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T10:40:20","indexId":"70200499","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-08T09:58:07","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury contamination in three species of anuran amphibians from the Cache Creek watershed, California, USA","docAbstract":"Fish and wildlife may bioaccumulate mercury (Hg) to levels that adversely affect reproduction, growth, and survival. Sources of Hg within the Cache Creek Watershed in northern California have been identified, and concentrations of Hg in invertebrates and fish have been documented. However, bioaccumulation of Hg by amphibians has not been evaluated. In this study, adult and juvenile American bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus) and foothill yellow-legged frogs (Rana boylii), adult Northern Pacific treefrogs (Pseudacris regilla), and larval bullfrogs were collected and analyzed for total Hg. One or more species of amphibians from 40% of the 35 sites had mean Hg concentrations greater than the US Environmental Protection Agency’s tissue residue criterion for fish (0.3 μg/g). Of the bullfrog tissues analyzed, the liver had the highest concentrations of both total Hg and methyl mercury. Total Hg in carcasses of bullfrogs was highly correlated with total Hg in leg muscle, the tissue most often consumed by humans.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10661-009-0847-3","usgsCitation":"Hothem, R.L., Jennings, M.R., and Crayon, J.J., 2010, Mercury contamination in three species of anuran amphibians from the Cache Creek watershed, California, USA: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 163, no. 1-4, p. 433-448, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-0847-3.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"433","endPage":"448","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358611,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Cache Creek Watershed","volume":"163","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-04-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10c9bde4b034bf6a7f72a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hothem, Roger L. roger_hothem@usgs.gov","contributorId":1721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hothem","given":"Roger","email":"roger_hothem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jennings, Mark R.","contributorId":31345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crayon, John J.","contributorId":174935,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crayon","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70230287,"text":"70230287 - 2010 - Mass spectrometric U-series dating of the Chaoxian hominin site at Yinshan, eastern China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-06T14:48:52.485658","indexId":"70230287","displayToPublicDate":"2009-03-11T09:39:21","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3217,"text":"Quaternary International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mass spectrometric U-series dating of the Chaoxian hominin site at Yinshan, eastern China","docAbstract":"The fossils of Chaoxian hominin, widely accepted as representing archaic Homo sapiens in eastern China, were recovered from the middle or slightly higher levels of Layer 2 deposits of a collapsed cave at Yinshan, Anhui Province. Results of mass spectrometric U-series dating of intercalated speleothem calcites are presented. Based mainly on four broadly coeval calcite samples, the hominin fossils should be bracketed in the range of 310–360 ka or somewhat older. These ages are much older than the previous estimate at 160–200 ka based on the U-series dating of fossil teeth and bones, and may be cited as supporting evidence for an earlier H. erectus–archaic H. sapiens interface in China.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2009.02.020","usgsCitation":"Shen, G., Fang, Y., Bischoff, J.L., Feng, Y., and Zhao, J., 2010, Mass spectrometric U-series dating of the Chaoxian hominin site at Yinshan, eastern China: Quaternary International, v. 211, no. 1-2, p. 24-28, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2009.02.020.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"24","endPage":"28","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":398219,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","city":"Yinshan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 117.18841552734376,\n 31.22454577964161\n ],\n [\n 118.21563720703124,\n 31.22454577964161\n ],\n [\n 118.21563720703124,\n 32.09653629470277\n ],\n [\n 117.18841552734376,\n 32.09653629470277\n ],\n [\n 117.18841552734376,\n 31.22454577964161\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"211","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shen, Guanjun","contributorId":289838,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shen","given":"Guanjun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fang, Yingshan","contributorId":289837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fang","given":"Yingshan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bischoff, James L. jbischoff@usgs.gov","contributorId":1389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"James","email":"jbischoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":839876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Feng, Yue-xing","contributorId":289839,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feng","given":"Yue-xing","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zhao, Jian-xin","contributorId":289840,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhao","given":"Jian-xin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70044121,"text":"70044121 - 2010 - Normal gastrointestinal tract histology of white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus and comparison to sturgeon from a contaminated habitat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-06T14:35:28","indexId":"70044121","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-02T05:15:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"title":"Normal gastrointestinal tract histology of white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus and comparison to sturgeon from a contaminated habitat","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the European Association of Fish Pathologists 14th International Conference on Diseases of Fish and Shellfish, Prague 2009 Histopathology Workshop. Gastrointestinal Pathology.","language":"English","publisher":"European Association of Fish Pathologists","isbn":"0-09546666-5-8","usgsCitation":"Elliott, D.G., and Conway, C.M., 2010, Normal gastrointestinal tract histology of white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus and comparison to sturgeon from a contaminated habitat, CD-ROM.","productDescription":"CD-ROM","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-034271","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319853,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":319852,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://eafp.org/histopathology-workshop/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57248677e4b0b13d39159671","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bruno, D.W.","contributorId":44319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruno","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626183,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elliott, D.G.","contributorId":58226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626184,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nowak, B.","contributorId":84948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowak","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626185,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Elliott, Diane G. 0000-0002-4809-6692 dgelliott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-6692","contributorId":2947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Diane","email":"dgelliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":626181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conway, Carla M. 0000-0002-3851-3616 cmconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3851-3616","contributorId":2946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Carla","email":"cmconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":626182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70192884,"text":"70192884 - 2010 - Predicting unsaturated zone nitrogen mass balances in agricultural settings of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-08T17:30:43.44453","indexId":"70192884","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting unsaturated zone nitrogen mass balances in agricultural settings of the United States","docAbstract":"Unsaturated zone N fate and transport were evaluated at four sites to identify the predominant pathways of N cycling: an almond [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb] orchard and cornfield (Zea mays L.) in the lower Merced River study basin, California; and corn–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotations in study basins at Maple Creek, Nebraska, and at Morgan Creek, Maryland. We used inverse modeling with a new version of the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM2) to estimate soil hydraulic and nitrogen transformation parameters throughout the unsaturated zone; previous versions were limited to 3-m depth and relied on manual calibration. The overall goal of the modeling was to derive unsaturated zone N mass balances for the four sites. RZWQM2 showed promise for deeper simulation profiles. Relative root mean square error (RRMSE) values for predicted and observed nitrate concentrations in lysimeters were 0.40 and 0.52 for California (6.5 m depth) and Nebraska (10 m), respectively, and index of agreement (d) values were 0.60 and 0.71 (d varies between 0 and 1, with higher values indicating better agreement). For the shallow simulation profile (1 m) in Maryland, RRMSE and d for nitrate were 0.22 and 0.86, respectively. Except for Nebraska, predictions of average nitrate concentration at the bottom of the simulation profile agreed reasonably well with measured concentrations in monitoring wells. The largest additions of N were predicted to come from inorganic fertilizer (153–195 kg N ha−1 yr−1 in California) and N fixation (99 and 131 kg N ha−1 yr−1 in Maryland and Nebraska, respectively). Predicted N losses occurred primarily through plant uptake (144–237 kg N ha−1 yr−1) and deep seepage out of the profile (56–102 kg N ha−1 yr−1). Large reservoirs of organic N (up to 17,500 kg N ha−1 m−1 at Nebraska) were predicted to reside in the unsaturated zone, which has implications for potential future transfer of nitrate to groundwater.
","language":"English","publisher":"Acsess","doi":"10.2134/jeq2009.0310","usgsCitation":"Nolan, B.T., Puckett, L., Ma, L., Green, C.T., Bayless, E.R., and Malone, R.W., 2010, Predicting unsaturated zone nitrogen mass balances in agricultural settings of the United States: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 39, no. 3, p. 1051-1065, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2009.0310.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1051","endPage":"1065","ipdsId":"IP-013623","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348668,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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States\"}}]}","volume":"39","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a610cfde4b06e28e9c2576d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nolan, Bernard T. 0000-0002-6945-9659 btnolan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6945-9659","contributorId":2190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nolan","given":"Bernard","email":"btnolan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":721729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Puckett, Larry J. lpuckett@usgs.gov","contributorId":31739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puckett","given":"Larry J.","email":"lpuckett@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":721730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ma, Liwang","contributorId":6751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ma","given":"Liwang","affiliations":[{"id":6622,"text":"US Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Green, Christopher T. 0000-0002-6480-8194 ctgreen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6480-8194","contributorId":1343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Christopher","email":"ctgreen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":721732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bayless, E. Randall 0000-0002-0357-3635 ebayless@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0357-3635","contributorId":1518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bayless","given":"E.","email":"ebayless@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Randall","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":721733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Malone, Robert W.","contributorId":10347,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malone","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6622,"text":"US Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70180886,"text":"70180886 - 2010 - Background and introduction: Chapter 1","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70180886,"text":"70180886 - 2010 - Background and introduction: Chapter 1","indexId":"70180886","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Background and introduction: Chapter 1"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":98353,"text":"sir20095247 - 2010 - Saltcedar and Russian Olive Control Demonstration Act Science Assessment","indexId":"sir20095247","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Saltcedar and Russian Olive Control Demonstration Act Science Assessment"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":98353,"text":"sir20095247 - 2010 - Saltcedar and Russian Olive Control Demonstration Act Science Assessment","indexId":"sir20095247","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Saltcedar and Russian Olive Control Demonstration Act Science Assessment"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-06T15:19:24","indexId":"70180886","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Background and introduction: Chapter 1","docAbstract":"The Salt Cedar and Russian Olive Control Demonstration Act of 2006 (Public Law 109-320; hereafter the Act) directs the Department of the Interior to submit a report to Congress1 that includes an assessment of several issues surrounding these two nonnative trees, now dominant components of the vegetation along many rivers in the Western United States. Specifically, the Act calls for “…an assessment of the extent of salt cedar and Russian olive infestation on public and private land in the western United States,” which shall
“A) consider existing research on methods to control salt cedar and Russian olive trees; B) consider the feasibility of reducing water consumption by salt cedar and Russian olive trees; C) consider methods of and challenges associated with the revegetation or restoration of infested land; and D) estimate the costs of destruction of salt cedar and Russian olive trees, related biomass removal, and revegetation or restoration and maintenance of the infested land.”
Finally, the Act calls for discussion of
“(i) long-term management and funding strategies…that could be implemented by Federal, State, tribal, and private land managers and owners to address the infestation by salt cedar and Russian olive; (ii) any deficiencies in the assessment or areas for additional study; and (iii) any field demonstrations that would be useful in the effort to control salt cedar and Russian olive.”
The primary intent of this report is to provide the science assessment called for under the Act. A secondary purpose is to provide a common background for applicants for prospective demonstration projects, should funds be appropriated for this second phase of the Act. In addition to relying on the direction provided under Section C of the Act, the authors of this report also drew upon the detailed list of considerations presented in Section E of the Act to guide development of more expansive discussions of topics relevant to saltcedar and Russian olive control efforts.
In addition to the legislative context described above, this chapter describes the geographic and environmental contexts surrounding the Act, including key terminology used in subsequent chapters of this report. Subsequent chapters synthesize the state-of-the-science on the following topics: distribution and abundance (extent) of saltcedar and Russian olive in the Western United States, potential for water savings associated with control of saltcedar and Russian olive and associated restoration, considerations related to wildlife use of saltcedar and Russian olive habitat or restored habitats, methods to control saltcedar and Russian olive, possible utilization of dead biomass following control, and approaches and challenges associated with revegetation or restoration following control. A concluding chapter includes discussion of possible long-term management strategies, areas for additional study, potentially useful field demonstrations, and a planning process for on-the-ground projects involving removal of saltcedar and Russian olive.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Saltcedar and Russian Olive Control Demonstration Act Science Assessment (Scientific Investigations Report 2009–5247)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Shafroth, P.B., 2010, Background and introduction: Chapter 1, chap. of Saltcedar and Russian Olive Control Demonstration Act Science Assessment (Scientific Investigations Report 2009–5247), p. 3-6.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"6","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334842,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334841,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5247/pdf/SIR09-5247.pdf","size":"35.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58999943e4b0efcedb71a09a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shafroth, Patrick B. 0000-0002-6064-871X shafrothp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6064-871X","contributorId":2000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafroth","given":"Patrick","email":"shafrothp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70208545,"text":"70208545 - 2010 - Automated masking of cloud and cloud shadow for forest change analysis using Landsat images","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-20T10:09:11","indexId":"70208545","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-06T12:56:07","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2068,"text":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Automated masking of cloud and cloud shadow for forest change analysis using Landsat images","docAbstract":"Accurate masking of cloud and cloud shadow is a prerequisite for reliable mapping of land surface attributes. Cloud contamination is particularly a problem for land cover change analysis, because unflagged clouds may be mapped as false changes, and the level of such false changes can be comparable to or many times more than that of actual changes, even for images with small percentages of cloud cover. Here we develop an algorithm for automatically flagging clouds and their shadows in Landsat images. This algorithm uses clear view forest pixels as a reference to define cloud boundaries for separating cloud from clear view surfaces in a spectral-temperature space. Shadow locations are predicted according to cloud height estimates and sun illumination geometry, and actual shadow pixels are identified by searching the darkest pixels surrounding the predicted shadow locations. This algorithm produced omission errors of around 1% for the cloud class, although the errors were higher for an image that had very low cloud cover and one acquired in a semiarid environment. While higher values were reported for other error measures, most of the errors were found around the edges of detected clouds and shadows, and many were due to difficulties in flagging thin clouds and the shadow cast by them, both by the developed algorithm and by the image analyst in deriving the reference data. We concluded that this algorithm is especially suitable for forest change analysis, because the commission and omission errors of the derived masks are not likely to significantly bias change analysis results.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/01431160903369642","usgsCitation":"Huang, C., Thomas, N., Goward, S.N., Masek, J.G., Zhu, Z., Townshend, J., and Vogelmann, J., 2010, Automated masking of cloud and cloud shadow for forest change analysis using Landsat images: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 31, no. 20, p. 5449-5464, https://doi.org/10.1080/01431160903369642.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"5449","endPage":"5464","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":372349,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-10-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huang, Chengquan 0000-0003-0055-9798","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0055-9798","contributorId":198972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"Chengquan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7261,"text":"Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, Nancy","contributorId":7657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Nancy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goward, Samuel N.","contributorId":44459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goward","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Masek, Jeffery G.","contributorId":87438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masek","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zhu, Zhiliang 0000-0002-6860-6936 zzhu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-6936","contributorId":150078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhiliang","email":"zzhu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Townshend, J.R.G.","contributorId":15321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Townshend","given":"J.R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Vogelmann, James 0000-0002-0804-5823 vogel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-5823","contributorId":192352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogelmann","given":"James","email":"vogel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70171013,"text":"70171013 - 2010 - Monitoring and characterizing natural hazards with satellite InSAR imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-08T16:39:36.991136","indexId":"70171013","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5089,"text":"Annals of GIS","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring and characterizing natural hazards with satellite InSAR imagery","docAbstract":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) provides an all-weather imaging capability for measuring ground-surface deformation and inferring changes in land surface characteristics. InSAR enables scientists to monitor and characterize hazards posed by volcanic, seismic, and hydrogeologic processes, by landslides and wildfires, and by human activities such as mining and fluid extraction or injection. Measuring how a volcano's surface deforms before, during, and after eruptions provides essential information about magma dynamics and a basis for mitigating volcanic hazards. Measuring spatial and temporal patterns of surface deformation in seismically active regions is extraordinarily useful for understanding rupture dynamics and estimating seismic risks. Measuring how landslides develop and activate is a prerequisite to minimizing associated hazards. Mapping surface subsidence or uplift related to extraction or injection of fluids during exploitation of groundwater aquifers or petroleum reservoirs provides fundamental data on aquifer or reservoir properties and improves our ability to mitigate undesired consequences. Monitoring dynamic water-level changes in wetlands improves hydrological modeling predictions and the assessment of future flood impacts. In addition, InSAR imagery can provide near-real-time estimates of fire scar extents and fire severity for wildfire management and control. All-weather satellite radar imagery is critical for studying various natural processes and is playing an increasingly important role in understanding and forecasting natural hazards.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/19475681003700914","usgsCitation":"Lu, Z., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., and Dzurisin, D., 2010, Monitoring and characterizing natural hazards with satellite InSAR imagery: Annals of GIS, v. 16, no. 1, p. 55-66, https://doi.org/10.1080/19475681003700914.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"55","endPage":"66","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488987,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475681003700914","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382027,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913dae4b07657d19ff1b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lu, Zhong 0000-0001-9181-1818 lu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-1818","contributorId":901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Zhong","email":"lu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":629537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhang, Jixian","contributorId":36396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Jixian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, Yonghong","contributorId":82563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Yonghong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dzurisin, Daniel 0000-0002-0138-5067 dzurisin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0138-5067","contributorId":538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dzurisin","given":"Daniel","email":"dzurisin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":79157,"text":"sim2899 - 2010 - Geologic map of Lassen Volcanic National Park and vicinity, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-14T19:09:33.427847","indexId":"sim2899","displayToPublicDate":"2006-09-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2899","title":"Geologic map of Lassen Volcanic National Park and vicinity, California","docAbstract":"The geologic map of Lassen Volcanic National Park (LVNP) and vicinity encompasses 1,905 km2 at the south end of the Cascade Range in Shasta, Lassen, Tehama, and Plumas Counties, northeastern California (fig. 1, sheet 3). The park includes 430 km2 of scenic volcanic features, glacially sculpted terrain, and the most spectacular array of thermal features in the Cascade Range. Interest in preserving the scenic wonders of the Lassen area as a national park arose in the early 1900s to protect it from commercial development and led to the establishment in 1907 of two small national monuments centered on Lassen Peak and Cinder Cone. The eruptions of Lassen Peak in 1914-15 were the first in the Cascade Range since widespread settling of the West in the late 1800s. Through the printed media, the eruptions aroused considerable public interest and inspired renewed efforts, which had languished since 1907, to establish a national park. In 1916, Lassen Volcanic National Park was established by combining the areas of the previously established national monuments and adjacent lands. The southernmost Cascade Range is bounded on the west by the Sacramento Valley and the Klamath Mountains, on the south by the Sierra Nevada, and on the east by the Basin and Range geologic provinces. Most of the map area is underlain by middle to late Pleistocene volcanic rocks; Holocene, early Pleistocene, and late Pliocene volcanic rocks (<3.5 m.y.) are less common. Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks are inferred to underlie the volcanic deposits (Jachens and Saltus, 1983), but the nearest exposures of pre-Tertiary rocks are 15 km to the south, 9 km to the southwest, and 12 km to the west. Diller (1895) recognized the young volcanic geology and produced the first geologic map of the Lassen area. The map (sheet 1) builds on and extends geologic mapping by Williams (1932), Macdonald (1963, 1964, 1965), and Wilson (1961). The Lassen Peak area mapped by Christiansen and others (2002) and published in greater detail (1:24,000) was modified for inclusion here. Figure 2 (sheet 3) shows the mapping credit for previous work; figure 3 (sheet 3) shows locations discussed throughout the text. A CD-ROM entitled Database for the Geologic Map of Lassen Volcanic National Park and Vicinity, California accompanies the printed map (Muffler and others, 2010). The CD-ROM contains ESRI compatible geographic information system data files used to create the 1:50,000-scale geologic map, both geologic and topographic data and their associated metadata files, and printable versions of the geologic map and pamphlet as PDF formatted files. The 1:50,000-scale geologic map was compiled from 1:24,000-scale geologic maps of individual quadrangles that are also included in the CD-ROM. It also contains ancillary data that support the map including locations of rock samples selected for chemical analysis (Clynne and others, 2008) and radiometric dating, photographs of geologic features, and links to related data or web sites. Data contained in the CD-ROM are also available on this Web site. The southernmost Cascade Range consists of a regional platform of basalt and basaltic andesite, with subordinate andesite and sparse dacite. Nested within these regional rocks are 'volcanic centers', defined as large, long-lived, composite, calc-alkaline edifices erupting the full range of compositions from basalt to rhyolite, but dominated by andesite and dacite. Volcanic centers are produced by the focusing of basaltic flux from the mantle and resultant enhanced interaction of mafic magma with the crust. Collectively, volcanic centers mark the axis of the southernmost Cascade Range. The map area includes the entire Lassen Volcanic Center, parts of three older volcanic centers (Maidu, Dittmar, and Latour), and the products of regional volcanism (fig. 4, sheet 3). Terminology used for subdivision of the Lassen Volcanic Center has been modified from Clynne (1984, 1990).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sim2899","usgsCitation":"Clynne, M.A., and Muffler, L.P., 2010, Geologic map of Lassen Volcanic National Park and vicinity, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2899, Report: iii, 95 p.; 3 Sheets: 58.00 × 42.00 inches or smaller; Database, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2899.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 95 p.; 3 Sheets: 58.00 × 42.00 inches or smaller; Database","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438843,"rank":101,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9N23XJ6","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Database for the geologic map of Lassen Volcanic National Park and vicinity, California"},{"id":115898,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim_2899.gif"},{"id":398747,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_94720.htm"},{"id":14411,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2899/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"50000","projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic projection","country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Lassen Volcanic National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.75,\n 40.3333\n ],\n [\n -121.125,\n 40.3333\n ],\n [\n -121.125,\n 40.6667\n ],\n [\n -121.75,\n 40.6667\n ],\n [\n -121.75,\n 40.3333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a867b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clynne, Michael A. 0000-0002-4220-2968 mclynne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4220-2968","contributorId":2032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clynne","given":"Michael","email":"mclynne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muffler, L.J. Patrick","contributorId":72739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Muffler","given":"L.J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Patrick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":96233,"text":"96233 - 2010 - Stream network and stream segment temperature models software","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-21T08:48:12","indexId":"96233","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Stream network and stream segment temperature models software","docAbstract":"This set of programs simulates steady-state stream temperatures throughout a dendritic stream network handling multiple time periods per year. The software requires a math co-processor and 384K RAM. Also included is a program (SSTEMP) designed to predict the steady state stream temperature within a single stream segment for a single time period.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","doi":"10.3133/96233","usgsCitation":"Bartholow, J., 2010, Stream network and stream segment temperature models software, HTML Document; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/96233.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Downloads Directory","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347873,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350373,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/53ea4091e4b008eaa4f4c457","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a5271","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartholow, John","contributorId":81835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholow","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70221805,"text":"70221805 - 2010 - Geology of the Lake Mead region: An overview","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-07T19:38:43.842964","indexId":"70221805","displayToPublicDate":"2000-06-01T14:34:57","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geology of the Lake Mead region: An overview","docAbstract":"The Lake Mead region contains major Miocene disruptions of structures formed during Mesozoic tectonic shortening. Erosion by the Colorado River and its tributaries has produced exceptional exposures of diverse structures and basin deposits recording the disruptions. Here we provide an overview of the results of studies of these features that started in earnest in 1934 when Chester Longwell began assessing the geology of the reservoir floor prior to impoundment of Lake Mead. The analysis was reinvigorated in the 1970s and early 1980s with geological mapping and structural and stratigraphic studies by Ernie Anderson and Bob Bohannon, as well as geochemical and volcanological studies by Gene Smith and his students, and has culminated in numerous subsequent studies.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Miocene tectonics of the Lake Mead Region, central basin and range","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2010.2463(01)","usgsCitation":"Anderson, R.E., and Beard, L.S., 2010, Geology of the Lake Mead region: An overview, chap. of Miocene tectonics of the Lake Mead Region, central basin and range, v. 463, p. 1-28, https://doi.org/10.1130/2010.2463(01).","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"28","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387001,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Nevada, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Lake Mead region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.147705078125,\n 35.71752800693265\n ],\n [\n -113.70849609375,\n 35.71752800693265\n ],\n [\n -113.70849609375,\n 37.06175259706909\n ],\n [\n -115.147705078125,\n 37.06175259706909\n ],\n [\n -115.147705078125,\n 35.71752800693265\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"463","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Umhoefer, Paul J.","contributorId":73483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Umhoefer","given":"Paul J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":818791,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beard, L. Sue 0000-0001-9552-1893 sbeard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9552-1893","contributorId":152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beard","given":"L.","email":"sbeard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Sue","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818792,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lamb, Melissa","contributorId":260799,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lamb","given":"Melissa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":818793,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, R. Ernest","contributorId":104484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ernest","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":818789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beard, L. Sue 0000-0001-9552-1893 sbeard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9552-1893","contributorId":152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beard","given":"L.","email":"sbeard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Sue","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97929,"text":"sir20095187 - 2009 - Future water-supply scenarios, Cape May County, New Jersey, 2003-2050","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-13T12:25:18.479359","indexId":"sir20095187","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-12T09:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5187","title":"Future water-supply scenarios, Cape May County, New Jersey, 2003-2050","docAbstract":"Stewards of the water supply in New Jersey are interested in developing a plan to supply potable and non-potable water to residents and businesses of Cape May County until at least 2050. The ideal plan would meet projected demands and minimize adverse effects on currently used sources of potable, non-potable, and ecological water supplies.\r\n\r\nThis report documents past and projected potable, non-potable, and ecological water-supply demands. Past and ongoing adverse effects to production and domestic wells caused by withdrawals include saltwater intrusion and water-level declines in the freshwater aquifers. Adverse effects on the ecological water supplies caused by groundwater withdrawals include premature drying of seasonal wetlands, delayed recovery of water levels in the water-table aquifer, and reduced streamflow. To predict the effects of future actions on the water supplies, three baseline and six future scenarios were created and simulated.\r\n\r\nBaseline Scenarios 1, 2, and 3 represent withdrawals using existing wells projected until 2050. Baseline Scenario 1 represents average 1998-2003 withdrawals, and Scenario 2 represents New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) full allocation withdrawals. These withdrawals do not meet projected future water demands. Baseline Scenario 3 represents the estimated full build-out water demands. Results of simulations of the three baseline scenarios indicate that saltwater would intrude into the Cohansey aquifer as much as 7,100 feet (ft) to adversely affect production wells used by Lower Township and the Wildwoods, as well as some other near-shore domestic wells; water-level altitudes in the Atlantic City 800-foot sand would decline to -156 ft; base flow in streams would be depleted by 0 to 26 percent; and water levels in the water-table aquifer would decline as much as 0.7ft. [Specific water-level altitudes, land-surface altitudes, and present sea level when used in this report are referenced to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88).]\r\n\r\nFuture scenarios 4 to 9 represent withdrawals and the effects on the water supply while using estimated full build-out water demands. In most townships, existing wells would be used for withdrawals in the simulation. However, in Lower and Middle Townships, the Wildwoods, and the Cape Mays, withdrawals from some wells would be terminated, reduced, or increased. Depending on the scenario, proposed production wells would be installed in locations far from the saltwater fronts, in deep freshwater aquifers, in deeper saltwater aquifers, or proposed injection wells would be installed to inject reused water to create a freshwater barrier to saltwater intrusion. Simulations indicate that future Scenarios 4 to 9 would reduce many of the adverse effects of Scenarios 1, 2, and 3. No future scenario will minimize all adverse impacts.\r\n\r\nIn Scenario 4, Lower Township would drill two production wells in the Cohansey aquifer farther from the Delaware shoreline than existing wells and reduce withdrawals from wells near the shoreline. Wildwood Water Utility (WWU) would reduce withdrawals from existing wells in the Cohansey aquifer and increase withdrawals from wells in the Rio Grande water-bearing zone. Results of the simulation indicate that saltwater intrusion and ecological-water supply problems would be reduced but not as much as in Scenarios 5, 7, 8, and 9.\r\n\r\nIn Scenario 5, the Wildwoods and Lower Township each would install a desalination plant and drill two wells to withdraw saltwater from the Atlantic City 800-foot sand. Saltwater intrusion problems would be reduced to the greatest extent with this scenario. Ecological water supplies remain constant or decline from 2003 baseline values. Water-level altitudes would decline to -193 ft in the Atlantic City 800-foot sand, the deepest potentiometric level for all scenarios.\r\n\r\nIn Scenario 6, Lower Township would build a tertiary treatment system and drill three wells open to the Cohanse","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095187","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Lacombe, P., Carleton, G.B., Pope, D.A., and Rice, D.E., 2009, Future water-supply scenarios, Cape May County, New Jersey, 2003-2050: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5187, Report: xviii, 159 p.; Data Release, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095187.","productDescription":"Report: xviii, 159 p.; Data Release","temporalStart":"2003-01-01","temporalEnd":"2050-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125679,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5187.jpg"},{"id":13101,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5187/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":384999,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GQT3ZC","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"SEAWAT, MODFLOW-2000, and SHARP models used to simulate future water-supply scenarios, Cape May County, New Jersey"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","county":"Cape May County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.08333333333333,38.833333333333336 ], [ -75.08333333333333,39.333333333333336 ], [ -74.5,39.333333333333336 ], [ -74.5,38.833333333333336 ], [ -75.08333333333333,38.833333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae262","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lacombe, Pierre J. placombe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacombe","given":"Pierre J.","email":"placombe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":303610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carleton, Glen B. 0000-0002-7666-4407 carleton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7666-4407","contributorId":3795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carleton","given":"Glen","email":"carleton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":303611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pope, Daryll A. dpope@usgs.gov","contributorId":3796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Daryll","email":"dpope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":303612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rice, Donald E.","contributorId":70440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":303613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70209213,"text":"70209213 - 2009 - A glossary for rotational seismology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-24T08:11:53","indexId":"70209213","displayToPublicDate":"2020-05-01T08:08:46","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A glossary for rotational seismology","docAbstract":"Some common terms for rotational seismology are compiled from contributions by many authors, including R. DeSalvo, J. R. Evans, E. F. Grekova, C. R. Hutt, H. Igel, C. A. Langston, B. Lantz, E. Majewski, R. Nigbor, J. Pujol, P. Spudich, R. Teisseyre, M. D. Trifunac, R. J. Twiss, and Z. Zembaty. In addition, some glossary terms about earthquakes are excerpted from Aki and Lee (2003), Lee and Wu (2009), and others for the benefit of readers who are not seismologists. It is a first attempt to compile a glossary for rotational seismology (including some terms for continuum mechanics), and it is by no means complete. Several iterations will be required to reach a satisfactory glossary, and this compilation is just a start.
Two explosions were set off on 4 March 2008 at the N3 explosion site in northeastern Taiwan. The code name for the first shot with 3000 kg explosives is N3P and that for the second shot with 750 kg explosives is N3. To record these two explosions, 8 triaxial rotational sensors, 13 triaxial accelerometers, and 12 six-channel, 24 bit dataloggers with Global Positioning System receivers were deployed to continuously record several hours before and after the explosions. These instruments were installed at about 250 m (1 station), 500 m (11 stations), and 600 m (1 station) from the explosions. The 11 stations form a center array with station spacing of about 5 m.
Except for one rotational sensor, onscale records were obtained. Although the N3P shot used four times larger amounts of explosives than those used for the N3 shot, the peak ground translational acceleration and rotational velocity at the 13 station sites from the N3P shot are only about 1.5 times larger than those for the N3 shot. We also observed large variations (by tens of percent) of translational accelerations and rotational velocities at the center array with station spacing of about 5 m. The largest peak rotational velocity was observed for the x component: 2.74 and 1.75 mrad/sec at a distance of 254 m from the N3P and N3 shots, respectively.
The main purpose of this article is to document our recordings of rotational and translation motions from two explosions in Taiwan and to release the data online for open access. The translational acceleration data from this experiment have been analyzed by Langston et al. (2009), and we plan to submit an article with analysis of the rotational velocity data in the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120080176","usgsCitation":"Lin, C., Liu, C., and Lee, W., 2009, Recording rotational and translational ground motions of two TAIGER explosions in northeastern Taiwan on 4 March 2008 : Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 99, no. 2B, p. 1237-1250, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120080176.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1237","endPage":"1250","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":373430,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Taiwan","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[121.77782,24.39427],[121.17563,22.79086],[120.74708,21.97057],[120.22008,22.81486],[120.10619,23.55626],[120.69468,24.53845],[121.49504,25.29546],[121.95124,24.9976],[121.77782,24.39427]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Taiwan\"}}]}","volume":"99","issue":"2B","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lin, Chin-Jen","contributorId":199136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lin","given":"Chin-Jen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Chun-Chi","contributorId":75240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Chun-Chi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lee, W.H.K.","contributorId":35303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"W.H.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":97537,"text":"ds424 - 2009 - Database of the geologic map of North America— Adapted from the map by J.C. Reed, Jr. and others (2005)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-17T20:58:34.429635","indexId":"ds424","displayToPublicDate":"2020-01-10T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"424","displayTitle":"Database of the Geologic Map of North America: Adapted from the Map by J.C. Reed, Jr. and others (2005)","title":"Database of the geologic map of North America— Adapted from the map by J.C. Reed, Jr. and others (2005)","docAbstract":"The Geological Society of America's (GSA) Geologic Map of North America (Reed and others, 2005a; 1:5,000,000) shows the geology of a significantly large area of the Earth, centered on North and Central America and including the submarine geology of parts of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. This map is now converted to a Geographic Information System (GIS) database that contains all geologic and base-map information shown on the two printed map sheets and the accompanying explanation sheet. We anticipate this map database will be revised at some unspecified time in the future, likely through the actions of a steering committee managed by the GSA and staffed by scientists from agencies including those responsible for the original map compilation.
Regarding the use of this product, as noted by the map's compilers:
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With publication of this database, the preparation of any type of simplified map is made significantly easier. More important perhaps, the database provides a more accessible means to explore the map information and to compare and analyze it in conjunction with other types of information (for example, land use, soils, biology) to better understand the complex interrelations among factors that affect Earth resources, hazards, ecosystems, and climate.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds424","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Geological Society of America","usgsCitation":"Garrity, C.P., and Soller, D.R., 2009, Database of the Geologic Map of North America; adapted from the map by J.C. Reed, Jr. and others (2005): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 424 [https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/424/].","productDescription":"Report: iii, 7 p.;Database; Metadata; ReadMe","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":173,"text":"Central Region Earth Surface Processes","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371142,"rank":7,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/424/ds424_map_units.pdf","text":"Explanation of Map Units","size":"7.33 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":371141,"rank":6,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/424/USGS_DS_424.zip","text":"GIS Data Bundle","size":"71.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":371140,"rank":5,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/424/metadata.txt","size":"70.8 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":371139,"rank":4,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/424/ds424_readme.pdf","size":"34.0 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":371138,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/424/version_history.txt","size":"494 B","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":371137,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/424/ds424_text.pdf","text":"Report","size":"93.1 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 424"},{"id":389454,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_86688.htm"},{"id":371136,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/424/coverthb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.6953125,\n 6.839169626342808\n ],\n [\n -77.16796875,\n 9.102096738726456\n ],\n [\n -75.05859375,\n 13.752724664396988\n ],\n [\n -62.57812500000001,\n 16.804541076383455\n ],\n [\n -58.18359375,\n 44.84029065139799\n ],\n [\n -51.85546874999999,\n 47.15984001304432\n ],\n [\n -36.38671875,\n 65.07213008560697\n ],\n [\n -19.51171875,\n 70.72897946208789\n ],\n [\n -10.546875,\n 81.79875708305217\n ],\n [\n -27.0703125,\n 83.7539108491127\n ],\n [\n -42.01171875,\n 83.65755395878921\n ],\n [\n -58.71093750000001,\n 82.58610635020881\n ],\n [\n -73.30078125,\n 83.31873282163234\n ],\n [\n -85.78125,\n 82.76537263027352\n ],\n [\n -102.3046875,\n 80.26825877186884\n ],\n [\n -123.22265625000001,\n 76.84081641443098\n ],\n [\n -129.7265625,\n 72.0739114882038\n ],\n [\n -135.52734375,\n 70.08056215839737\n ],\n [\n -137.63671875,\n 69.47296854140573\n ],\n [\n -155.21484375,\n 72.01972876525514\n ],\n [\n -163.65234374999997,\n 70.55417853776078\n ],\n [\n -167.87109375,\n 68.13885164925573\n ],\n [\n -172.44140625,\n 63.074865690586634\n ],\n [\n -170.5078125,\n 58.99531118795094\n ],\n [\n -165.234375,\n 57.89149735271034\n ],\n [\n -171.03515625,\n 53.54030739150022\n ],\n [\n -169.27734375,\n 50.62507306341435\n ],\n [\n -148.88671874999997,\n 58.07787626787517\n ],\n [\n -137.98828125,\n 54.87660665410869\n ],\n [\n -131.1328125,\n 50.51342652633956\n ],\n [\n -127.44140625,\n 41.902277040963696\n ],\n [\n -123.57421875,\n 34.88593094075317\n ],\n [\n -107.40234375,\n 16.804541076383455\n ],\n [\n -85.95703125,\n 8.581021215641854\n ],\n [\n -79.8046875,\n 5.965753671065536\n ],\n [\n -77.6953125,\n 6.839169626342808\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","contact":"National Geologic Map Database
Resources Page
Our purpose is to annually update our creep-data archive on San Francisco Bay region active faults for use by the scientific research community. Earlier data (1979-2001) were reported in Galehouse (2002) and were analyzed and described in detail in a summary report (Galehouse and Lienkaemper, 2003). A complete analysis of our earlier results obtained on the Hayward Fault was presented in Lienkaemper, Galehouse and Simpson (2001) and updated in Lienkaemper and others (2012). Lienkaemper and others (2014) provide a new overview and analysis of fault creep along all sections of the northern San Andreas Fault system, from which they estimate by how much fault creep reduces the seismic hazard for each fault section.
From 1979 until his retirement from the project in 2001, Jon Galehouse of San Francisco State University (SFSU) and many student research assistants measured creep (aseismic slip) rates on these faults. The creep measurement project, which was initiated by Galehouse, continued through the Geosciences Department at SFSU from 2001-2006 under the direction of Karen Grove and John Caskey (Grove and Caskey, 2005) and since 2006 under Caskey (2007). Forrest McFarland has managed most of the technical and logistical project operations, as well as data processing and compilation since 2001. Data from 2001-2007 are found in McFarland and others (2007). From 2009 onward, we have released the raw data annually using this report (OF2009-1119) as a permanent publication link, while publishing more detailed analyses of these data in the scientific literature, such as Lienkaemper and others (2014).
We maintain a project Web site (http://funnel.sfsu.edu/creep/) that includes the following information: project description, project personnel, creep characteristics and measurement, map of creep-measurement sites, creep-measurement site information, and links to data plots for each measurement site. Our most current, annually updated results are, therefore, accessible to the scientific community and to the general public. Information about the project can currently be requested by the public by an email link (fltcreep@sfsu.edu) found on our project Web site.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091119","usgsCitation":"McFarland, F., Lienkaemper, J.J., and Caskey, S.J., 2009, Data from theodolite measurements of creep rates on San Francisco Bay region faults, California (Version 1.0: July 8, 2009; Version 1.1: April 19, 2010; Version 1.2: May 5, 2011; Version 1.3: April 19, 2012; Version 1.4: March 20, 2013; Version 1.5: February 3, 2014; Version 1.6: March 16, 2015; Version 1.8: March 29, 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1119, Report: 21 p.; Data Files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091119.","productDescription":"Report: 21 p.; Data Files","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1979-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369532,"rank":4,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1119/data","text":"Data folder"},{"id":269859,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1119/ofr20091119.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.44 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2009-1119"},{"id":394202,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_86844.htm"},{"id":369531,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1119/versionhistory.txt","size":"1.86 KB"},{"id":118504,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1119/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.8,\n 36.8\n ],\n [\n -121.0722,\n 36.8\n ],\n [\n -121.0722,\n 39.8\n ],\n [\n -123.8,\n 39.8\n ],\n [\n -123.8,\n 36.8\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0: July 8, 2009; Version 1.1: April 19, 2010; Version 1.2: May 5, 2011; Version 1.3: April 19, 2012; Version 1.4: March 20, 2013; Version 1.5: February 3, 2014; Version 1.6: March 16, 2015; Version 1.8: March 29, 2016","contact":"Earthquake Science Center in Menlo Park, California
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Habitat modeling is an important tool used to simulate the potential distribution of a species for a variety of basic and applied questions. The desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) is a federally listed threatened species in the Mojave Desert and parts of the Sonoran Desert of California, Nevada, Utah, and Arizona. Land managers in this region require reliable information about the potential distribution of desert tortoise habitat to plan conservation efforts, guide monitoring activities, monitor changes in the amount and quality of habitat available, minimize and mitigate disturbances, and ultimately to assess the status of the tortoise and its habitat toward recovery of the species. By applying information from the literature and our knowledge or assumptions of environmental variables that could potentially explain variability in the quality of desert tortoise habitat, we developed a quantitative habitat model for the desert tortoise using an extensive set of field-collected presence data. Sixteen environmental data layers were converted into a grid covering the study area and merged with the desert tortoise presence data that we gathered for input into the Maxent habitat-modeling algorithm. This model provides output of the statistical probability of habitat potential that can be used to map potential areas of desert tortoise habitat. This type of analysis, while robust in its predictions of habitat, does not account for anthropogenic changes that may have altered habitat with relatively high potential into areas with lower potential.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091102","collaboration":"Prepared as a part of the Department of the Interior on the Landscape - Mojave Project for the Western Region, of the U.S. Geological Survey ","usgsCitation":"Nussear, K.E., Esque, T.C., Inman, R.D., Gass, Leila, Thomas, K.A., Wallace, C.S.A., Blainey, J.B., Miller, D.M., and Webb, R.H., 2009, Modeling habitat of the desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) in the Mojave and parts of the Sonoran Deserts of California, Nevada, Utah, and Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1102, 18 p.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 18 p.; 2 Companion Files","numberOfPages":"18","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367969,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1102/ofr20091102_dt_Habitat_Model.zip","size":"162 KB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":" - Habitat Model"},{"id":195896,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1102/coverthb.gif"},{"id":367970,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1102/ofr20091102_Environmental_Layers.zip","size":"27.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":" - Environmental Layers"},{"id":367968,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1102/ofr20091102.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.52 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2009-1102"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert, Sonoran Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.30029296875,\n 32.76880048488168\n ],\n [\n -109.2919921875,\n 32.76880048488168\n ],\n [\n -109.2919921875,\n 39.2492708462234\n ],\n [\n -120.30029296875,\n 39.2492708462234\n ],\n [\n -120.30029296875,\n 32.76880048488168\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Modoc Hall, Room 3006
Sacramento, CA 95819
Abstract not available
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Planner's Guide to Natural Resource Conservation: the Science of Land Conversion Beyond the Metropolitan Fringe.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-0-387-98167-3","usgsCitation":"DeStefano, S., 2009, Wildlife corridors and developed landscapes, chap. of The Planner's Guide to Natural Resource Conservation: the Science of Land Conversion Beyond the Metropolitan Fringe., p. 85-102, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-98167-3.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"102","ipdsId":"IP-009712","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339983,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f877c3e4b0b7ea54521c46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeStefano, Stephen 0000-0003-2472-8373 destef@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2472-8373","contributorId":166706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeStefano","given":"Stephen","email":"destef@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":640967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70179919,"text":"70179919 - 2009 - Ground-water conditions in Utah, spring of 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-22T09:18:16","indexId":"70179919","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":110,"text":"Cooperative Investigations Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"50","title":"Ground-water conditions in Utah, spring of 2009","docAbstract":"This is the forty-sixth in a series of annual reports that describe ground-water conditions in Utah. Reports in this series, published cooperatively by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources and Division of Water Rights, and the Utah Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Quality, provide data to enable interested parties to maintain awareness of changing ground-water conditions.
This report, like the others in the series, contains information on well construction, ground-water withdrawal from wells, water-level changes, precipitation, streamflow, and chemical quality of water. Information on well construction included in this report refers only to wells constructed for new appropriations of ground water. Supplementary data are included in reports of this series only for those years or areas which are important to a discussion of changing ground-water conditions and for which applicable data are available.
This report includes individual discussions of selected significant areas of ground-water development in the State for calendar year 2008. Most of the reported data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources and Division of Water Rights, and the Utah Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Quality. This report is available online at http://www.waterrights. utah.gov/techinfo/ and http://ut.water.usgs.gov/publications/ GW2009.pdf.
","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources and Division of Water Rights, and Utah Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Quality","usgsCitation":"Burden, C.B., Allen, D.V., Rowland, R.C., Fisher, M.J., Freeman, M.L., Downhour, P., Nielson, A., Eacret, R.J., Myers, A., Slaugh, B.A., Swenson, R.L., Howells, J.H., and Christiansen, H.K., 2009, Ground-water conditions in Utah, spring of 2009: Cooperative Investigations Report 50, viii, 120 p.","productDescription":"viii, 120 p.","numberOfPages":"132","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333558,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":364078,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://waterrights.utah.gov/techinfo/wwwpub/GW2009.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58833024e4b0d002316377a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burden, Carole B. cburden@usgs.gov","contributorId":852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burden","given":"Carole","email":"cburden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":659204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, David V.","contributorId":75989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rowland, Ryan C. rrowland@usgs.gov","contributorId":3606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowland","given":"Ryan","email":"rrowland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":660076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fisher, Martel J. mjfisher@usgs.gov","contributorId":4410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Martel","email":"mjfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":660077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Freeman, Michael L. mfreeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":1042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Michael","email":"mfreeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":660078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Downhour, Paul downhour@usgs.gov","contributorId":968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downhour","given":"Paul","email":"downhour@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":660079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nielson, Ashley","contributorId":178609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nielson","given":"Ashley","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Eacret, Robert J. rjeacret@usgs.gov","contributorId":971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eacret","given":"Robert","email":"rjeacret@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":660081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Myers, Andrew","contributorId":178610,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Myers","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Slaugh, Bradley A. baslaugh@usgs.gov","contributorId":966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slaugh","given":"Bradley","email":"baslaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":660083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Swenson, Robert L.","contributorId":64697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swenson","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Howells, James H. jhowells@usgs.gov","contributorId":969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howells","given":"James","email":"jhowells@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":660085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Christiansen, Howard K.","contributorId":47830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christiansen","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70175279,"text":"70175279 - 2009 - How humans and nature have shaped the San Francisco Estuary since the Gold Rush","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-30T15:33:33","indexId":"70175279","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-29T05:15:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"How humans and nature have shaped the San Francisco Estuary since the Gold Rush","docAbstract":"The San Francisco Estuary has undergone dramatic changes since the Gold Rush, as both natural forces and human activities have added and removed massive quantities of sediment, primarily sand and mud. A long-term perspective of sediment movement and patterns of sediment deposition and erosion is vital for effective management of wetlands, sediment contamination, dredging, mining, and other phenomena. Quantitative analysis of historical depth surveys and changes between surveys provides this perspective.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Pulse of the Estuary: Monitoring and Managing Water Quality in the San Francisco Estuary","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Regional Monitoring Program for Water Quality in the San Francisco Estuary","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","usgsCitation":"Jaffe, B.E., 2009, How humans and nature have shaped the San Francisco Estuary since the Gold Rush, v. 583, 9 p.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"66","endPage":"74","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326079,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":326075,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.sfei.org/sites/default/files/biblio_files/RMP_Pulse09_no583_final4web.pdf","text":"The Pulse of the Estuary","size":"8.97 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"The Pulse of the Estuary"}],"volume":"583","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a315c4e4b006cb45558ad8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jaffe, B. E.","contributorId":88327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70173467,"text":"70173467 - 2009 - Evaluating the power to detect temporal trends in fishery independent surveys: A case study based on Gillnets Set in the Ohio waters of Lake Erie for walleye","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-02T15:50:10.8542","indexId":"70173467","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-22T14:15:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating the power to detect temporal trends in fishery independent surveys: A case study based on Gillnets Set in the Ohio waters of Lake Erie for walleye","docAbstract":"Fishery-independent (FI) surveys provide critical information used for the sustainable management and conservation of fish populations. Because fisheries management often requires the effects of management actions to be evaluated and detected within a relatively short time frame, it is important that research be directed toward FI survey evaluation, especially with respect to the ability to detect temporal trends. Using annual FI gill-net survey data for Lake Erie walleyes Sander vitreus collected from 1978 to 2006 as a case study, our goals were to (1) highlight the usefulness of hierarchical models for estimating spatial and temporal sources of variation in catch per effort (CPE); (2) demonstrate how the resulting variance estimates can be used to examine the statistical power to detect temporal trends in CPE in relation to sample size, duration of sampling, and decisions regarding what data are most appropriate for analysis; and (3) discuss recommendations for evaluating FI surveys and analyzing the resulting data to support fisheries management. This case study illustrated that the statistical power to detect temporal trends was low over relatively short sampling periods (e.g., 5–10 years) unless the annual decline in CPE reached 10–20%. For example, if 50 sites were sampled each year, a 10% annual decline in CPE would not be detected with more than 0.80 power until 15 years of sampling, and a 5% annual decline would not be detected with more than 0.8 power for approximately 22 years. Because the evaluation of FI surveys is essential for ensuring that trends in fish populations can be detected over management-relevant time periods, we suggest using a meta-analysis–type approach across systems to quantify sources of spatial and temporal variation. This approach can be used to evaluate and identify sampling designs that increase the ability of managers to make inferences about trends in fish stocks.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/M08-197.1","usgsCitation":"Wagner, T., Vandergoot, C.S., and Tyson, J., 2009, Evaluating the power to detect temporal trends in fishery independent surveys: A case study based on Gillnets Set in the Ohio waters of Lake Erie for walleye: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 29, no. 3, p. 805-816, https://doi.org/10.1577/M08-197.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"805","endPage":"816","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-008027","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323907,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Lake Erie","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.5352783203125,\n 41.97174336327968\n ],\n [\n -80.540771484375,\n 42.32606244456202\n ],\n [\n -81.287841796875,\n 42.200038266046754\n ],\n [\n -82.40295410156249,\n 41.672911819602085\n ],\n [\n -82.6885986328125,\n 41.672911819602085\n ],\n [\n -83.067626953125,\n 41.86137915587359\n ],\n [\n -83.111572265625,\n 41.95131994679697\n ],\n [\n -83.4356689453125,\n 41.701627343789184\n ],\n [\n -82.9852294921875,\n 41.56203190200195\n ],\n [\n -82.99072265625,\n 41.46742831254425\n ],\n [\n -82.913818359375,\n 41.40153558289846\n ],\n [\n -82.7490234375,\n 41.422134246213616\n ],\n [\n -82.6611328125,\n 41.44684402008925\n ],\n [\n -82.45788574218749,\n 41.347948493443546\n ],\n [\n -82.0458984375,\n 41.492120839687786\n ],\n [\n -81.88110351562499,\n 41.44272637767212\n ],\n [\n -81.6888427734375,\n 41.44684402008925\n ],\n [\n -81.3262939453125,\n 41.7180304600481\n ],\n [\n -81.1285400390625,\n 41.79179268262892\n ],\n [\n -80.804443359375,\n 41.87774145109676\n ],\n [\n -80.5352783203125,\n 41.97174336327968\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57651f33e4b07657d19c7898","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wagner, Tyler 0000-0003-1726-016X twagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-016X","contributorId":1050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tyler","email":"twagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vandergoot, Christopher S.","contributorId":71849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vandergoot","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tyson, Jeff","contributorId":147298,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tyson","given":"Jeff","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70007521,"text":"70007521 - 2009 - Contributions of nitrogen to the Barnegat Bay-Little Egg Harbor Estuary: Updated loading estimates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-25T14:32:31","indexId":"70007521","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-14T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Contributions of nitrogen to the Barnegat Bay-Little Egg Harbor Estuary: Updated loading estimates","docAbstract":"Based on the most recent and most accurate data available through 2008, the total load of nitrogen to the Barnegat Bay‐Little Egg Harbor (BB‐LEH) estuary from the most substantial sources (surface water, including surface‐water discharge and direct storm runoff; ground‐water discharge; and atmospheric deposition) is estimated to be 650,000 kilograms of nitrogen per year (kg N/yr). Surface water contributes 66 percent (431,000 kg N/yr), direct ground‐ water discharge accounts for 12 percent (78,000 kg N/yr), and atmospheric deposition accounts for 22 percent (141,000 kg N/yr). This new loading estimate was compared to a previously published estimate produced by using similar methodology but less current data through 1997. Findings of the present study include a substantially lower estimate of atmospheric deposition of nitrogen to the estuary compared to the previous estimate. The study results also offer further support of the relation between land use and nitrogen levels, and indicate that the Toms and Metedeconk River basins account for more than 60 percent of the nitrogen load to the estuary from surface‐water discharge. Differences between the two estimates can be attributed to both the use of more accurate and more recent data in the revised estimate, and actual changes in the magnitude of nitrogen loads from various sources. Gaps in available water‐quality and hydrologic data are documented, and additional analysis and monitoring that may improve the reliability of future nitrogen loading estimates are presented.
","largerWorkTitle":"Barnegat Bay Partnership State of the Bay Technical Report","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Barnegat Bay National Estuary Program","usgsCitation":"Wieben, C.M., and Baker, R.J., 2009, Contributions of nitrogen to the Barnegat Bay-Little Egg Harbor Estuary: Updated loading estimates, 25 p.","productDescription":"25 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-017449","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320532,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":320531,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://bbp.ocean.edu/pages/184.asp"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Barnegat Bay‐Little Egg Harbor estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.014892578125,\n 40.14318974292438\n ],\n [\n -74.04510498046875,\n 40.03392360399664\n ],\n [\n -74.07257080078125,\n 39.87812720644829\n ],\n [\n -74.0863037109375,\n 39.74521015328692\n ],\n [\n -74.15496826171874,\n 39.65011210186371\n ],\n [\n -74.22088623046875,\n 39.5633531658293\n ],\n [\n -74.2840576171875,\n 39.50615988027491\n ],\n [\n -74.3609619140625,\n 39.5146359327835\n ],\n [\n -74.41864013671875,\n 39.53370327008705\n ],\n [\n -74.47906494140625,\n 39.552765371831015\n ],\n [\n -74.49554443359375,\n 39.592990390285024\n ],\n [\n -74.4873046875,\n 39.66491373749128\n ],\n [\n -74.4488525390625,\n 39.707186656826565\n ],\n [\n -74.36370849609375,\n 39.7958755252971\n ],\n [\n -74.33624267578125,\n 39.838068180000015\n ],\n [\n -74.35821533203125,\n 39.871803651624425\n ],\n [\n -74.42962646484375,\n 39.90762941952987\n ],\n [\n -74.46258544921875,\n 39.95817509460007\n ],\n [\n -74.5037841796875,\n 40.03182061333687\n ],\n [\n -74.5037841796875,\n 40.157885249506506\n ],\n [\n -74.4708251953125,\n 40.24179856487036\n ],\n [\n -74.4158935546875,\n 40.25228042623783\n ],\n [\n -74.29504394531249,\n 40.250184183819854\n ],\n [\n -74.19891357421875,\n 40.2313150803688\n ],\n [\n -74.14672851562499,\n 40.21873275657031\n ],\n [\n -74.1192626953125,\n 40.20195268954057\n ],\n [\n -74.0643310546875,\n 40.176774799905445\n ],\n [\n -74.014892578125,\n 40.14318974292438\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"571f3fb3e4b071321fe56a10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wieben, Christine M. 0000-0001-5825-5119 cwieben@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5825-5119","contributorId":4270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieben","given":"Christine","email":"cwieben@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":626208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baker, Ronald J. rbaker@usgs.gov","contributorId":1436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Ronald","email":"rbaker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":626209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70041533,"text":"70041533 - 2009 - The observed relationship between wave conditions and beach response, Ocean Beach, San Francisco, CA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-29T14:24:25","indexId":"70041533","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-06T08:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The observed relationship between wave conditions and beach response, Ocean Beach, San Francisco, CA","docAbstract":"Understanding how sandy beaches respond to storms is critical for effective sediment management and developing successful erosion mitigation efforts. However, only limited progress has been made in relating observed beach changes to wave conditions, with one of the major limiting factors being the lack of temporally dense beach topography and nearshore wave data in most studies. This study uses temporally dense beach topographic and offshore wave data to directly link beach response and wave forcing with generally good results. Ocean Beach is an open coast high-energy sandy beach located in San Francisco, CA, USA. From April 2004 through the end of 2008, 60 three-dimensional topographic beach surveys were conducted on approximately a monthly basis, with more frequent “short-term surveys during the winters of 2005-06 and 2006-07. Shoreline position data from the short-term surveys show good correlation with offshore wave height, period, and direction averaged over several days prior to the survey (mean R*=0.54 for entire beach). There is, however, considerable alongshore variation in model performance, with R- values ranging from 0.81 to 0.19 for individual sections of the beach. After wave height, the direction of wave approach was the most important factor in determining the response of the shoreline, followed by wave period. Our results indicate that an empirical predictive model of beach response to wave conditions at Ocean Beach is possible with frequent beach mapping and wave data, and that such a model could be useful to coastal managers.
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","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2008JG000778","usgsCitation":"Sebestyen, S.D., Boyer, E.W., and Shanley, J.B., 2009, Responses of stream nitrate and dissolved organic carbon loadings to hydrological forcing and climate change in an upland forest of the northeast USA: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 114, no. G2, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JG000778.","productDescription":"11 p.","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-006854","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475963,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jg000778","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311383,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":311382,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2008JG000778/abstract"}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Sleepers River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.8890380859375,\n 44.10139306449849\n ],\n [\n -71.8890380859375,\n 44.896741421341964\n ],\n [\n -71.0101318359375,\n 44.896741421341964\n ],\n [\n -71.0101318359375,\n 44.10139306449849\n ],\n [\n -71.8890380859375,\n 44.10139306449849\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"114","issue":"G2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-04-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564b0c5be4b0ebfbef0d3183","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sebestyen, Stephen D.","contributorId":107562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sebestyen","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boyer, Elizabeth W.","contributorId":44659,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyer","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7260,"text":"Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shanley, James B. 0000-0002-4234-3437 jshanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3437","contributorId":1953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"James","email":"jshanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}