This article summarizes the Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) Subduction (NGA-Sub) project, a major research program to develop a database and ground motion models (GMMs) for subduction regions. A comprehensive database of subduction earthquakes recorded worldwide was developed. The database includes a total of 214,020 individual records from 1,880 subduction events, which is by far the largest database of all the NGA programs. As part of the NGA-Sub program, four GMMs were developed. Three of them are global subduction GMMs with adjustment factors for up to seven worldwide regions: Alaska, Cascadia, Central America and Mexico, Japan, New Zealand, South America, and Taiwan. The fourth GMM is a new Japan-specific model. The GMMs provide median predictions, and the associated aleatory variability, of RotD50 horizontal components of peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity, and 5%-damped pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) at oscillator periods ranging from 0.01 to 10 s. Three GMMs also quantified “within-model” epistemic uncertainty of the median prediction, which is important in regions with sparse ground motion data, such as Cascadia. In addition, a damping scaling model was developed to scale the predicted 5%-damped PSA of horizontal components to other damping ratios ranging from 0.5% to 30%. The NGA-Sub flatfile, which was used for the development of the NGA-Sub GMMs, and the NGA-Sub GMMs coded on various software platforms, have been posted for public use.
Aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) expands the portfolio of public water supply and improves resiliency to drought and future water demand. This study investigated the feasibility of ASR in the Bedell Flat Hydrographic Area using land-based methods including in-channel managed aquifer recharge (MAR) and rapid infiltration basins (RIB). Bedell Flat, one of two flow-through groundwater basins near Reno, Nevada, was a likely candidate for ASR because of its deep basin fill, proximity to supplemental water sources and infrastructure, and lack of development. In-channel MAR feasibility was determined from seepage losses along the Bird Springs ephemeral channel measured using Parshall flumes and heat-as-a-tracer inverse modeling. The feasibility of RIB was evaluated by characterizing vadose zone boreholes installed with roto-sonic drilling to water table. Field characterization of sediment and lithologic descriptions was accomplished at 1-foot (ft) increments. Bulk sediment samples were collected every 5 ft and cores from a split spoon were sampled at 10, 20, 30, 40, 60 and 100 ft below land surface (bls). Collected samples were analyzed for texture, moisture content, and geochemistry.
Infiltration rates in Bird Springs channel increased downgradient with the hydraulic conductivity of the upper reaches ranging from 0.002 to 0.14 meter per hour (m/h) and the lower reaches from 0.5 to 1.5 m/h. Differences in discharge measurements indicate that seepage losses also increase down channel. When normalized to 1 ft of channel stage, modeled seepage loss rates ranged from 0.02 to 5.34 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) per mile (mi). Perched zones of soil moisture residing on top of dry fine-textured, clay-rich layers were prevalent in the Bird Springs drainage, indicating complicated flow paths for any supplement recharge water. Characterization of boreholes in Bird Springs drainage indicates low permeability clay layers 1–10 ft thick interbedded within extensive, grussy sands of high permeability. The presence of low permeability clay layers (1–10 ft thick) prompted a shift in analysis to the adjacent Sand Hills drainage where four additional boreholes indicated fewer perched water zones and at greater depths. Nitrates in the sediment pore-water (a condition that would discourage ASR) were integrated with depth to the aquifer 180 ft bls. Wells BF-MW-04 (Bird Springs) and BF-MW-07 (Sand Hills) contained 4,270 and 2,436 kilograms per hectare of nitrogen, respectively, which could potentially load excessive nitrogen to a receiving aquifer.
An economically viable ASR project requires a minimum input of 2 million gallons per day (approximately 3 ft3/s), which either channel appears to have the sufficient capacity to infiltrate such a volume before reaching the valley bottom of Bedell Flat. However, the trajectory of the infiltrated water is complicated by the lithology and lateral transmissivity of the underlying sediments. There is also concern that this volume of infiltrated water may cause undesirable groundwater levels at the outflow in less than 5 years.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215137","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Truckee Meadows Water Authority","programNote":"Water Availability and Use Science Program","usgsCitation":"Caldwell, T., Naranjo, R., Smith, D., and Kropf, C., 2021, Surface infiltration and unsaturated zone characterization in support of managed aquifer recharge in Bedell Flat, Washoe County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5137, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215137.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 52 p.; 2 Data Releases","numberOfPages":"66","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-108566","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502283,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_112066.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":393672,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9OAF8L8","linkHelpText":"Supplemental data—Surface infiltration and unsaturated zone characterization in support of managed aquifer recharge, Bedell Flat, Washoe County, Nevada"},{"id":393670,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5137/sir20215137.xml"},{"id":393667,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5137/covrthb.png"},{"id":393671,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9U9Q5PC","linkHelpText":"Documentation of VS2DH seepage models—Surface infiltration and unsaturated zone characterization in support of managed aquifer recharge, Washoe County, Nevada"},{"id":393669,"rank":3,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5137/images"},{"id":393668,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5137/sir20215137.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Washoe County","otherGeospatial":"Bedell Flat","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.96383666992189,\n 39.79798577319723\n ],\n [\n -119.65621948242188,\n 39.79798577319723\n ],\n [\n -119.65621948242188,\n 39.95185892663005\n ],\n [\n -119.96383666992189,\n 39.95185892663005\n ],\n [\n -119.96383666992189,\n 39.79798577319723\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
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Invasive carps are ecologically and economically problematic fish species in many large river basins in the United States and pose a threat to aquatic ecosystems throughout much of North America. Four species of invasive carps: black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), are particularly concerning for native ecosystems because they occupy and disrupt a variety of food and habitat niches. In response, natural resource agencies are developing integrated pest management (IPM) plans to mitigate invasive carps. Control tools are one key component within a successful IPM program and have been a focal point for development by governmental agencies and academic researchers. For example, behavioural deterrents and barriers that block migratory pathways could limit carps range expansion into new areas, while efficient removal methods could suppress established carp populations. However, control tools are sometimes limited in practice due to uncertainty with deployment, efficacy and availability. This review provides an overview of several emerging modelling approaches and control technologies that could inform and support future invasive carp IPM programs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.25225/jvb.21057","usgsCitation":"Cupp, A.R., Brey, M.K., Calfee, R.D., Chapman, D., Erickson, R.A., Fischer, J., Fritts, A.K., George, A.E., Jackson, P.R., Knights, B.C., Saari, G.N., and Kocovsky, P., 2021, Emerging control strategies for integrated pest management of invasive carps: Journal of Vertebrate Biology, v. 70, no. 4, 21057, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.25225/jvb.21057.","productDescription":"21057, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-131880","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35680,"text":"Illinois-Iowa-Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":449981,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index 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Ryan 0000-0002-3154-6108 pjackson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3154-6108","contributorId":194529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"P.","email":"pjackson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ryan","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35680,"text":"Illinois-Iowa-Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Knights, Brent C. 0000-0001-8526-8468 bknights@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8526-8468","contributorId":2906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knights","given":"Brent","email":"bknights@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Saari, Gavin N. 0000-0002-3593-5127 gsaari@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3593-5127","contributorId":289203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saari","given":"Gavin","email":"gsaari@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Kocovsky, Patrick 0000-0003-4325-4265 pkocovsky@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4325-4265","contributorId":150837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocovsky","given":"Patrick","email":"pkocovsky@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70254654,"text":"70254654 - 2021 - Effects of diet and provisioning behavior on chick growth in Adélie Penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-06T12:12:24.728995","indexId":"70254654","displayToPublicDate":"2021-12-23T07:11:06","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of diet and provisioning behavior on chick growth in Adélie Penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae)","docAbstract":"When provisioning chicks, parents trade-off their time, energy, and other resources to maximize reproductive success. As parents adjust investment to maximize their fitness, impacts on offspring growth can occur. We investigated provisioning and chick growth of Adélie Penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) at one of the largest colonies (∼175,000 pairs), during one year of normal chick growth and survival and in a year which, by chance, was characterized by low chick growth and survival (“difficult” year). We measured daily average amount and quality of food delivered, as well as foraging-trip duration, and compared them to chick mass and skeletal growth during two years of contrasting conditions. We used mixed-effects models to test the prediction that increased parental investment would lead to increased growth rates, while accounting for confounding effects. There was no evidence of an effect of parent age. All provisioning measures predicted growth of at least one morphological character but, especially during the year of normal reproductive success, no provisioning measure strongly predicted growth across most morphological characters. However, during the difficult year parental investment positively affected growth rates, especially for males that were fed relatively more fish. The observed variation in growth rates between males and females, and between years of contrasting apparent resource availability, was large enough to lead to size differences that may subsequently affect post-fledging survival and ultimately population processes.
Documenting the spatial distribution of high-quality habitat patches, the distributions of threats and protected areas, and the vulnerability of habitat patches to changes in environmental conditions is vital for conservation of rare species. Range-wide species distribution models were developed for Black Rails (Laterallus jamaicensis) to predict the distribution of high-quality habitat patches for breeding Eastern Black Rails (L. j. jamaicensis). Overlay analyses were conducted to quantify the distribution of habitat relative to human development and existing protected areas, as well as the vulnerability of the best habitat to future sea level rise. The amount of high-quality habitat varied among states (0.4-7.6% of area) and was relatively rare throughout the subspecies' range (3.3% of area). Human development was common but the amount varied spatially among states (2.2-15.3% of area). Higher-quality breeding habitat was more common on federal lands (9.4% of area) and protected areas (6.4% of area), yet 33-42% of the highest-quality habitat patches were vulnerable to sea level rise of 0.61-1.83 m. Our results imply that even though many of the highest-quality habitat patches may be less likely sites for development they are often vulnerable to rising seas, and thus maintenance of existing high-quality habitat patches may be difficult without management that takes into account the likelihood of future inundation.
Dune fields are common on beaches and in deserts—think of the imposing sand hills and sinuous ripples of the Sahara in Africa or the Karakum in Central Asia, for example—as well as underwater on the beds of rivers, lakes, and oceans. The varied shapes, sizes, and orientations of both modern dunes and those preserved in the geologic record tell of the conditions under which they formed, particularly the strengths and patterns of winds and ocean currents. This information offers us valuable windows into environments and climates at different places and at different times in Earth’s history.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2021EO210684","usgsCitation":"Titus, T.N., Diniega, S., Fenton, L., Neakrase, L., and Zimbelman, J.R., 2021, Planetary dunes tell of otherworldly winds: Eos, American Geophysical Union, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EO210684.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-132753","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":449996,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2021eo210684","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":393351,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Titus, Timothy N. 0000-0003-0700-4875 ttitus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0700-4875","contributorId":146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Titus","given":"Timothy","email":"ttitus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":829022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Diniega, S.","contributorId":238737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Diniega","given":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":27365,"text":"NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":829023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fenton, L.K.","contributorId":206378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fenton","given":"L.K.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37319,"text":"SETI Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":829024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Neakrase, Lynn","contributorId":190649,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neakrase","given":"Lynn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zimbelman, James R.","contributorId":196265,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimbelman","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70257014,"text":"70257014 - 2021 - SUAS and machine learning integration in waterfowl population surveys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-05T15:50:32.691376","indexId":"70257014","displayToPublicDate":"2021-12-21T10:45:17","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"SUAS and machine learning integration in waterfowl population surveys","docAbstract":"The rapid technological development of small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) has led to an increase in capabilities of aerial image collection and analysis for monitoring a variety of wildlife species including waterfowl. Biologists mainly rely on conducting ocular surveys from fixed-wing aircraft or helicopters to estimate waterfowl abundance. sUAS provide an alternative that is safer, less expensive, and more flexible. Researchers have attempted to estimate waterfowl abundance from aerial imagery, but this method has proven to be too time consuming. Machine learning provides the opportunity to more efficiently estimate waterfowl abundance from aerial imagery. In this paper, we present a new integrated system of sUAS and machine learning for waterfowl population surveys. This system provides a user-friendly process for sUAS survey design, deployment, and data post-processing using deep learning methods to automatically detect and count waterfowl. To develop this system, we conducted many sUAS flights to capture a diversity of imagery and assembled six datasets of imagery taken from both fix-winged aircraft and sUAS flights. We used these datasets to develop and evaluate state-of-the-art deep learning models for waterfowl detection. Our system of using a combination of sUAS and machine learning has proved to be an efficient and accurate approach for collecting, analyzing, and estimating waterfowl abundance.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"2021 IEEE 33rd International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"2021 IEEE 33rd International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI)","conferenceDate":"November 1-3, 2021","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/ICTAI52525.2021.00084","usgsCitation":"Tang, Z., Zhang, Y., Wang, Y.Q., Shang, Y., Viegut, R., Webb, E.B., Raedeke, A., and Sartwell, J., 2021, SUAS and machine learning integration in waterfowl population surveys, in 2021 IEEE 33rd International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI), November 1-3, 2021, p. 517-521, https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTAI52525.2021.00084.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"517","endPage":"521","ipdsId":"IP-131231","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":433508,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tang, Z.","contributorId":341913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tang","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhang, Y.","contributorId":274978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":13360,"text":"Auburn University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, Y. Q.","contributorId":221210,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Y.","email":"","middleInitial":"Q.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":909153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shang, Y.","contributorId":341914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shang","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Viegut, R.","contributorId":341915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Viegut","given":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Webb, Elisabeth B. 0000-0003-3851-6056 ewebb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3851-6056","contributorId":3981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Elisabeth","email":"ewebb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Raedeke, Andy","contributorId":341916,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raedeke","given":"Andy","affiliations":[{"id":16971,"text":"Missouri Department of Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sartwell, J.","contributorId":341917,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sartwell","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16971,"text":"Missouri Department of Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70226913,"text":"70226913 - 2021 - Invasive sea lamprey detection and characterization using interdigitated electrode (IDE) contact sensor","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-21T15:30:33.915647","indexId":"70226913","displayToPublicDate":"2021-12-21T09:22:54","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9956,"text":"IEEE Sensors Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Invasive sea lamprey detection and characterization using interdigitated electrode (IDE) contact sensor","docAbstract":"The ability to monitor invasive sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) populations in the Laurentian Great Lakes is critical to protecting the region’s $ 7 billion USD fishing industry and preserving its biodiversity. Monitoring these invaders requires considerable fieldwork and human power, making remote lamprey detection systems attractive for their continuous monitoring capabilities and potential for workload reduction. However, a lack of available methods for detecting sea lamprey hampers development of such systems. Here we present a sensor composed of two exposed planar interdigitated electrodes (IDE) along with a DC measurement system for the detection of lamprey attachment underwater. Measuring voltage instead of impedance, reduces cost and signal processing complexity, making the device more attractive for field deployment. The system is calibrated to a baseline output voltage and deviations from this baseline occur when objects touch the IDE. Validation was done through testing on live adult sea lampreys using video recordings to correlate lamprey attachments to the sensor response. Three response types were identified corresponding to different attachments: sustained, short and sliding-sustained. Sensor response to sustained and sliding-sustained attachments showed a characteristic exponential decay whereas the response due to short attachments was indistinguishable from measurement noise. Lamprey size was found to have a weak linear correlation with both response parameters, positive for the voltage drop and negative for the time constant of voltage drop. A representative circuit for the lamprey-sensor interaction is proposed and simulated using element values calculated from the response parameters. 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tan, Xiaobo 0000-0002-5542-6266","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5542-6266","contributorId":214765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tan","given":"Xiaobo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":828766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sepulveda, Nelson","contributorId":264255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sepulveda","given":"Nelson","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70226950,"text":"70226950 - 2021 - From anecdotes to quantification: Advances in characterizing volcanic eruption impacts on the built environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-31T14:29:28.940814","indexId":"70226950","displayToPublicDate":"2021-12-21T07:12:49","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"From anecdotes to quantification: Advances in characterizing volcanic eruption impacts on the built environment","docAbstract":"Over the past 20 years, our understanding of volcanic eruption impacts on the built environment has transformed from being primarily observational with small datasets to one grounded in field investigations, laboratory experiments, and quantitative modeling, with an emphasis on stakeholder collaboration and co-creation. Here, we summarize key advances and knowledge gaps of impacts across volcanic hazards and built environment types from the past 20 + years. Studies have concentrated on impacts from tephra fall (ash) and to buildings, with less examination of other hazards’ impacts to critical infrastructure. As we look to the next decade, we speculate on likely research directions, including the increasing role of new technologies, higher resolution modeling, transdisciplinary collaborations, and evidence-based mitigative solutions.
To quantify fine-scale Kootenai River white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) staging and spawning habitat selection and preference within a recently restored reach of the Kootenai River, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, integrated acoustic telemetry data with two-dimensional hydraulic model simulations within a 1.5-kilometer reach of the Kootenai River near Bonners Ferry, northern Idaho. Twenty-seven individual Kootenai River white sturgeon were detected in the study reach during May 6–June 30, 2017. The largest concentration of fish positions occurred near the edge of the gravel bar adjacent to the right bank pool-forming structure and additional concentrations of fish positions occurred near two recently constructed rock substrate clusters. The difference in preferred and available depth distributions quantifies that Kootenai River white sturgeon generally preferred depths of 7–11.5 meters, deeper than the most frequently available depths. About 71 percent of the detections occurred within the lower one-third of the water column, placing Kootenai River white sturgeon at or near the channel bed. The difference in available and preferred water velocities indicated that Kootenai River white sturgeon generally preferred a wide range of velocities from 0.0 to 1.0 meters per second, and generally preferred velocities that were less than the most frequently occurring available velocities. Kootenai River white sturgeon generally preferred the downstream part of the study area where water velocities were less than those in the upstream part. This study concludes that Kootenai River white sturgeon generally avoided shallow areas with increased velocities and generally favored deep areas with lower velocities near recently constructed restoration structures.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215132","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Fosness, R.L., Dudunake, T.J., McDonald, R.R., Hardy, R.S., Young, S., Ireland, S., and Hoffman, G.C., 2021, Kootenai River white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) fine-scale habitat selection and preference, Kootenai River near Bonners Ferry, Idaho, 2017: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5132, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215132.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 21 p; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-105165","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396731,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5132/sir20215132.XML","description":"SIR 2021-5132"},{"id":393132,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P97TMY3D","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"White sturgeon fine-scale habitat model archive, Kootenai River near Bonners Ferry, Idaho, 2017"},{"id":393131,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5132/sir20215132.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2021-5132"},{"id":393130,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5132/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":396944,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5132/images"},{"id":402990,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20215132/full","description":"SIR 2021-5132"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","city":"Bonners Ferry","otherGeospatial":"Kootenai River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.6802978515625,\n 48.58205840283824\n ],\n [\n -116.05957031249999,\n 48.58205840283824\n ],\n [\n -116.05957031249999,\n 48.99824008113872\n ],\n [\n -116.6802978515625,\n 48.99824008113872\n ],\n [\n -116.6802978515625,\n 48.58205840283824\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Idaho Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
230 Collins Road
Boise, Idaho 83702-4520
Flow management is complex in the Willamette River Basin where the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers owns and operates a system of 13 dams and reservoirs (hereinafter Willamette Project), which are spread throughout three large tributaries including the Middle Fork Willamette, McKenzie, and Santiam Rivers. The primary purpose of the Willamette Project is flood-risk management, which provides critical protection to the Willamette Valley, but flow managers must also consider factors such as power generation, water-quality improvement, irrigation, recreation, and protection for aquatic species such as U.S. Endangered Species Act-listed Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and steelhead (O. mykiss). Flow-management decision-making in the basin can benefit from models that allow for flow-scenario comparisons and a wide range of modeling methods are available. For this study, we examined existing datasets and modeling efforts in the basin and provided an overview of available options. Most previous studies used Physical Habitat Simulation System, habitat data were collected from a series of transects within modeled reaches, and habitat suitability indices were obtained from the literature, or using expert opinion. These studies provide information for specific reaches of the Willamette River Basin, which limits their ability to provide broad-scale predictive capability. Recent efforts to develop a two-dimensional hydraulic model in the mainstem Willamette River, and in specific reaches of primary tributaries downstream from Project dams, have bolstered modeling capabilities in the basin. This work has developed spatially continuous water depth and velocity data in more than 250 kilometers (km) of river downstream from Project dams and has predictive capability throughout the year at flows up to normal peak levels. Additionally, other methods are described for estimating habitat availability, which include habitat suitability criteria, logistic regression, occupancy and abundance modeling, and energetic based approaches. There are strengths and weaknesses to each approach and selection of the preferred approach in the Willamette River Basin will depend on the desired metrics of interest and the risk tolerance of managers and stakeholders in the basin.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20211114","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Kock, T.J., Perry, R.W., Hansen, G.S., White, J., Stratton Garvin, L., and Wallick, J.R., 2021, Synthesis of habitat availability and carrying capacity research to support water management decisions and enhance conditions for Pacific salmon in the Willamette River, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2021–1114, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20211114.","productDescription":"vii, 24 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-127909","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":393073,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1114/ofr20211114.pdf","text":"Report","size":"20 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2021-1114"},{"id":393072,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1114/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Willamette River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.33251953125,\n 43.41302868475145\n ],\n [\n -121.59667968749999,\n 43.41302868475145\n ],\n [\n -121.59667968749999,\n 45.79050946752472\n ],\n [\n -123.33251953125,\n 45.79050946752472\n ],\n [\n -123.33251953125,\n 43.41302868475145\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Fisheries Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6505 NE 65th Street
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The Rio Grande is a vital water source for the southwestern States of Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas and for northern Mexico. The river serves as the primary source of water for irrigation in the region, has many environmental and recreational uses, and is used by more than 13 million people including those in the Cities of Albuquerque and Las Cruces, New Mexico; El Paso, Texas; and Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico. However, concern is growing over the increasing gap between water supply and demand in the Upper Rio Grande Basin. As populations increase and agricultural crop patterns change, demands for water are increasing, at the same time the region is undergoing a decrease in supply due to drought and climate change.
Quantifying the impact of projected climate change on Rio Grande streamflow is difficult because of numerous anthropogenic influences on the hydrologic system. The conveyance and use of surface water in the Upper Rio Grande Basin are achieved through an engineered system of reservoirs, diversions, and irrigation canals designed to deliver water to agricultural, municipal, and industrial users, who greatly reduce the cumulative volume of water in the river. For example, streamflow at Fort Quitman, Tex., the southernmost point of the Upper Rio Grande Basin, has undergone a 95-percent reduction in flow relative to the river’s native state, and some stretches of the river can intermittently go dry. Because streamflow in the basin is highly altered, disentangling the impacts of climate change and changes in streamflow due to anthropogenic influences such as dams, diversions, and other forms of water use is difficult. Therefore, a model of naturalized flow was developed to determine to what degree changes in streamflow can be attributed to potential changes in future temperature and precipitation without quantifying future changes in anthropogenic influences. This study, conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the South Central Climate Adaptation Science Center and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, included the development and calibration of a watershed model of the Upper Rio Grande Basin using the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System to simulate naturalized streamflow conditions for historical and future time periods.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215138","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the South Central Climate Adaptation Science Center","usgsCitation":"Moeser, C.D., Chavarria, S.B., and Wootten, A.M., 2021, Streamflow response to potential changes in climate in the Upper Rio Grande Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5138, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215138.","productDescription":"Report: x, 41 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"56","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-125477","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49928,"text":"South Central Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":393890,"rank":5,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://webapps.usgs.gov/urgb-prms/","text":"Streamflow Response to Potential Changes in Climate—Upper Rio Grande Basin"},{"id":392955,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5138/sir20215138.pdf","text":"Report","size":"25.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2021–5138"},{"id":392954,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5138/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":392958,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5138/images"},{"id":392956,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ML93QB","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Hydrologic simulations using projected climate data as input to the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) in the Upper Rio Grande Basin (ver. 2.0, September 2021)"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","state":"Colorado, New Mexico, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.7314453125,\n 30.410781790845864\n ],\n [\n -102.21679687500001,\n 30.410781790845864\n ],\n [\n -102.21679687500001,\n 38.30718056188316\n ],\n [\n -109.7314453125,\n 38.30718056188316\n ],\n [\n -109.7314453125,\n 30.410781790845864\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New Mexico Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6700 Edith Blvd. NE
Albuquerque, NM 87113
The U.S. Geological Survey completed a study between 2015 and 2020 of groundwater contamination in the sand and gravel aquifer at a Superfund site in northwestern Florida. Groundwater-quality samples were collected from representative monitoring wells located along a groundwater-flow pathway and analyzed in the field and laboratory. In general, ambient groundwater in the sand and gravel aquifer is acidic, dilute, and oxic. Groundwater age-dating results indicate recharge to the contaminated parts of the aquifer occurred between the 1970s and 1980s. Natural gamma, electromagnetic induction, and borehole nuclear magnetic resonance logs indicated that aquifer hydraulic conductivities generally increased with depth as the aquifer formation material became coarser, characteristic of a prograding marginal-marine delta depositional environment. Aquifer formation material incubated with radiocarbon (carbon-14) cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene demonstrated biodegradation directly to carbon dioxide in contaminated and uncontaminated parts of the aquifer. A three-dimensional, numerical groundwater-flow MODFLOW model of the sand and gravel aquifer in the study area was constructed. The calibrated model reasonably reproduced measured groundwater heads and streamflows. Moreover, the model can be used to run simulations of outcomes of potential remedial strategies, such as monitored natural attenuation, as part of future feasibility studies in the area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215124","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Navy Naval Facilities Engineering Systems Command Southeast","usgsCitation":"Landmeyer, J.E., Swain, E.D., Johnson, C.D., Lisle, J.T., McBride, W.S., Chung, D.H., and Singletary, M.A., 2021, Groundwater chemistry, hydrogeologic properties, bioremediation potential, and three-dimensional numerical simulation of the sand and gravel aquifer at Naval Air Station Whiting Field, near Milton, Florida, 2015–20: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5124, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215124.","productDescription":"Report: xi, 52 p.; Data Release: Dataset","numberOfPages":"52","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-119956","costCenters":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":393011,"rank":7,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20215124/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":393010,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9M0OD8F","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"MODFLOW simulator used to assess groundwater flow for the Whiting Field Naval Air Station, Milton, FL"},{"id":392549,"rank":5,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS National Water Information System database","linkHelpText":"- USGS water data for the Nation"},{"id":392548,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5124/images/"},{"id":392547,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5124/sir20215124.XML"},{"id":392546,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5124/sir20215124.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.94 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2021-5124"},{"id":392545,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5124/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Naval Air Station Whiting Field","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.10304260253906,\n 30.621368403494955\n ],\n [\n -86.89773559570312,\n 30.621368403494955\n ],\n [\n -86.89773559570312,\n 30.784317689718897\n ],\n [\n -87.10304260253906,\n 30.784317689718897\n ],\n [\n -87.10304260253906,\n 30.621368403494955\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
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1770 Corporate Drive
Suite 500
Norcross, GA 30093
The plague bacterium Yersinia pestis is lethal to endangered black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes, BFF) and the prairie dogs (Cynomys spp., PD) on which they depend for habitat and prey. We assessed the effectiveness of an oral sylvatic plague vaccine delivered in baits to black-tailed PD (Cynomys ludovicianus, BTPD) from 2013 to 2017 on the Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge (CMR) in northcentral Montana. We permanently marked BTPD on four paired vaccine (N = 1,349 individuals) and placebo plots (N = 926; 7,027 total captures). We analyzed capture–recapture data under a Cormack–Jolly–Seber model to estimate annual apparent survival. Overall, survival averaged 0.05 lower on vaccine plots than on paired placebo plots. Immediately before noticeable die-offs and detecting plague on pairs CMR1 and CMR2, 89% of BTPD sampled on vaccine plots had consumed at least one bait and the immune systems (pleural) of 40% were likely boosted by consuming baits over multiple years. Survival to the following year was 0.16 and 0.05 on the vaccine plots and 0.19 and 0.06 on the placebo plots for pairs CMR1 and CMR2, respectively. These rates were markedly lower than 0.63, the overall average estimate on those same plots during the previous 3 years. PD populations subjected to such large die-offs would not be expected to sustain a BFF population. An overriding limitation to achieving sufficient protection rests with vaccine delivery constraints. Late summer/fall bait distribution results in the highest bait uptake rates. However, the PD birth pulse each spring can double the size of populations in most years, greatly reducing the proportion of vaccinates in populations and diminishing potential herd immunity benefits. In addition to nonvaccinated juveniles and PD that do not consume bait, incomplete vaccine protection and time required for immunity to develop leaves a large majority of PD populations vulnerable to plague for 6–7 months or more each year.
Small cryptic invertebrates (the cryptofauna) are extremely abundant, ecologically important, and species rich on coral reefs. Ongoing ocean acidification is likely to have both direct effects on the biology of these organisms, as well as indirect effects through cascading impacts on their habitats and trophic relationships. Naturally acidified habitats have been important model systems for studying these complex interactions because entire communities that are adapted to these environmental conditions can be analyzed. However, few studies have examined the cryptofauna because they are difficult to census quantitatively in topographically complex habitats and are challenging to identify. We addressed these challenges by using Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS) for sampling reef-dwelling invertebrates >2 mm in size and by using DNA barcoding for taxonomic identifications. The study took place in Papua New Guinea at two reef localities, each with three sites at varying distances from carbon dioxide seeps, thereby sampling across a natural gradient in acidification. We observed sharp overall declines in both the abundance (34–56%) and diversity (42–45%) of organisms in ARMS under the lowest pH conditions sampled (7.64–7.75). However, the overall abundance of gastropods increased slightly in lower pH conditions, and crustacean and gastropod families exhibited varying patterns. There was also variability in response between the two localities, despite their close proximity, as one control pH site displayed unusually low diversity and abundances for all invertebrate groups. The data illustrate the complexity of responses of the reef fauna to pH conditions, and the role of additional factors that influence the diversity and abundance of cryptic reef invertebrates.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0258725","usgsCitation":"Plaisance, L., Matterson, K., Fabricius, K., Drovetski, S.V., Meyer, C.F., and Knowlton, N., 2021, Effects of low pH on the coral reef cryptic invertebrate communities near CO2 vents in Papua New Guinea: PLoS ONE, v. 16, no. 12, e0258725, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258725.","productDescription":"e0258725, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-125629","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":450019,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258725","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":393046,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Papua New Guinea","state":"Milne Bay Province","otherGeospatial":"Dobu, Upa Upasina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 150.8474349975586,\n -9.771994523201766\n ],\n [\n 150.8917236328125,\n -9.771994523201766\n ],\n [\n 150.8917236328125,\n -9.733590552033547\n ],\n [\n 150.8474349975586,\n -9.733590552033547\n ],\n [\n 150.8474349975586,\n -9.771994523201766\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 150.77533721923828,\n -9.812593019509318\n ],\n [\n 150.79696655273438,\n -9.812593019509318\n ],\n [\n 150.79696655273438,\n -9.791279427997022\n ],\n [\n 150.77533721923828,\n -9.791279427997022\n ],\n [\n 150.77533721923828,\n -9.812593019509318\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plaisance, Laetitia","contributorId":270161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plaisance","given":"Laetitia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56101,"text":"Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, CNRS/UPS, Toulouse, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matterson, Kenan O.","contributorId":203367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matterson","given":"Kenan O.","affiliations":[{"id":36606,"text":"Smithsonian Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fabricius, Katharina","contributorId":270162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fabricius","given":"Katharina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56102,"text":"Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Drovetski, Sergei V. 0000-0002-1832-5597","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1832-5597","contributorId":229520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drovetski","given":"Sergei","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meyer, Christoph F. J.","contributorId":245693,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meyer","given":"Christoph","email":"","middleInitial":"F. J.","affiliations":[{"id":49282,"text":"Centre for Ecology, Evolution & Environmental Changes, University of Lisbon, Portugal; National Institute for Amazonian Research & Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Manaus, Brazil; University of Salford, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Knowlton, Nancy","contributorId":174345,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knowlton","given":"Nancy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27432,"text":"Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70230949,"text":"70230949 - 2021 - How well do we know Europa’s topography? An evaluation of the variability in digital terrain models of Europa.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-29T12:14:14.148908","indexId":"70230949","displayToPublicDate":"2021-12-15T07:12:12","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"How well do we know Europa’s topography? An evaluation of the variability in digital terrain models of Europa.","docAbstract":"Pre-Cretaceous, predominantly dioritic plutonic rocks in the Lane Mountain area, California, intrude metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks considered part of the El Paso terrane. New geochronologic (uranium-lead zircon), geochemical, and isotopic data provide a reliable basis for dividing these pre-Cretaceous plutonic rocks into two mappable suites of Permian–Triassic and Late Jurassic ages. The 26 Permian–Triassic samples included in this report have a mean age of ~248 mega-annum (Ma), range in composition from monzodiorite to quartz monzonite and granodiorite, and have a mean initial 87Sr/86Sr ratio (Sri) of ~0.7045. The 22 Late Jurassic samples have a mean age of ~149 Ma, range in composition from gabbro to granite, and have a mean Sri of ~0.7055. Accurate mapping of these two plutonic suites and their detailed field relations with the associated metamorphic rocks is essential for resolving the geologic history and regional tectonic significance of the Lane Mountain area.
The sub-0.706 Sri values of both plutonic suites at Lane Mountain are consistent with previous suggestions that the El Paso terrane is allochthonous and did not develop on Precambrian continental lithosphere. Both suites are considered parts of northwest-trending magmatic arcs interpreted to have formed above east-dipping subduction zones along the evolving North American continental margin, and both arcs are interpreted to cross a major east-west-trending boundary between the El Paso terrane and rocks considered part of ancestral North America in the San Bernardino Mountains area to the south. The El Paso terrane thus appears to have been attached to the San Bernardino Mountains area at least since Permian–Triassic time, although the boundary probably has been modified by Cenozoic faulting.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20211094","usgsCitation":"Stone, P., Brown, H.J., Cecil, M.R., Fleck, R.J., Vazquez, J.A., and Fitzpatrick, J.A., 2021, Geochronologic, isotopic, and geochemical data from pre-Cretaceous plutonic rocks in the Lane Mountain area, San Bernardino County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2021–1094, 74 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20211094.","productDescription":"viii, 74 p.","numberOfPages":"74","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-121822","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436088,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KRD45S","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Tabular geochronologic, geochemical, and isotopic data from igneous rocks in the Lane Mountain area, San Bernardino County, California"},{"id":414904,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20221115","text":"Open-File Report 2022-1115","description":"Stone, P., Cecil, M.R., Brown, H.J., and Vazquez, J.A., 2023, Geochronologic and geochemical data from metasedimentary and associated rocks in the Lane Mountain area, San Bernardino County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2022–1115, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20221115.","linkHelpText":"- Geochronologic and Geochemical Data from Metasedimentary and Associated Rocks in the Lane Mountain Area, San Bernardino County, California"},{"id":392864,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20191070","text":"Open-File Report 2019-1070","linkHelpText":"- Geochronologic, Isotopic, and Geochemical Data from Igneous Rocks in the Lane Mountain Area, San Bernardino County, 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Bernardino\",\"state\":\"CA\"}}]}","contact":"Contact Information,
Geology, Minerals, Energy, & Geophysics Science Center
Menlo Park, California
U.S. Geological Survey
Building 19, 350 N. Akron Rd.
P.O. Box 158
Moffett Field, CA 94035
Lava lake surfaces display the tops of active magma columns and respond to eruption variables such as magmatic pressure, convection, degassing, and cooling, as well as interactions with the craters that contain them. However, they are challenging to study owing to the numerous hazards that accompany these eruptions, and they are typically difficult to observe because the emitted gas plumes obscure the lava lake surfaces. The 2008–2018 Overlook crater and lava lake at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi, provided a remarkable opportunity to study several high-resolution data streams of eruption variables that impacted the lava lake. To investigate how the crater and associated lava lake responded to changes in these eruption variables, we acquired terrestrial light detection and ranging (lidar) surveys of the Overlook crater and lava lake surface from February 2012 through December 2013, supplemented with several earlier terrestrial and airborne lidar datasets, to quantitatively track changes in the shape of the lava lake surface and the crater walls. Lidar captures high-resolution data even when the lake is completely obscured by thick gas plumes. We used a novel “unrolling technique” to map volumetric changes in crater shape, because standard elevation differencing fails to capture all topographic changes on the nearly vertical, and sometimes overhanging, crater walls. We measured crater perimeter growth rates of approximately 52 meters per year from 2009 to 2013, with the greatest growth occurring along a line linking areas of persistent upwelling and downwelling. We suggest that the development of an oblong crater with a perimeter that grows linearly is best explained by a model where degradation is favored at the sites of persistent upwelling and downwelling and where growth is controlled by a lithology that varies little with respect to rock strength. We also found that most of the Overlook crater growth occurred during a relatively small number of significant rockfall events (~16) over this period. Additional lidar datasets revealed that the lava lake surface has a measurable slope from the areas of persistent upwelling to downwelling, although rockfalls from the crater walls temporarily changed the direction of crustal plate movement along with the magnitude and direction of the lava lake surface slope. Our study demonstrates that lidar is an effective tool for tracking the topography of an active volcanic crater when heavy outgassing renders other tools, such as structure from motion, ineffective.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1867C","usgsCitation":"LeWinter, A.L., Anderson, S.W., Finnegan, D.C., Patrick, M.R., and Orr, T.R., 2021, Crater growth and lava-lake dynamics revealed through multitemporal terrestrial lidar scanning at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi, chap. C of Patrick, M., Orr, T., Swanson, D., and Houghton, B., eds., The 2008–2018 summit lava lake at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1867, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1867C.","productDescription":"viii, 26 p.","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-121567","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":392860,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1867/c/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":392861,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1867/c/pp1867c.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.3192138671875,\n 19.37593175537523\n ],\n [\n -155.21896362304685,\n 19.37593175537523\n ],\n [\n -155.21896362304685,\n 19.460118162137714\n ],\n [\n -155.3192138671875,\n 19.460118162137714\n ],\n [\n -155.3192138671875,\n 19.37593175537523\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Contact HVO
Hawaiian Volcano Observatory
U.S. Geological Survey
1266 Kamehameha Avenue
Suite A-8
Hilo, HI 96720
The periodic application of chemical lampricides that selectively kill larval sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) in their nursery habitats remains a primary component of the Great Lakes Fishery Commission’s (GLFC) Sea Lamprey Control Program in the Laurentian Great Lakes. Lampricides include 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) and niclosamide, the 2-aminoethanol salt of 2′, 5-dichloro-4′-nitrosalicylanilide, which may be used as an additive to TFM during stream treatments, or alone in a granular, bottom-release formulation to target sea lamprey larvae in deepwater environments where dilution would render TFM ineffective. During the early 1990s, the GLFC identified lampricide reduction targets in response to societal concerns with pesticide use, rising lampricide costs, and promising research into alternative controls. By 1999, the GLFC’s control agents, Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), had reduced TFM use by 36%. However, without effective alternative methods to compensate for increasing larval and juvenile production, sea lamprey abundance and lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) marking rates rose throughout the Great Lakes. Beginning in the early 2000s, the GLFC and its control agents responded to burgeoning sea lamprey populations by implementing measures to advance the use of lampricides, which included: 1) assessing and controlling sea lamprey larvae that survived treatment; 2) enhancing treatment efficacy; 3) developing new technology to effectively treat larval populations that inhabit deepwater environments; 4) increasing operational capacity to treat more tributaries and lentic areas at shorter intervals; and, 5) conducting large-scale and targeted treatment strategies. When comparing lampricide use between the decades of 1990–1999 and 2010–2019, significant increases occurred in the mean number of treatments and amounts of TFM and niclosamide applied annually. Concurrent with these actions, researchers undertook studies to identify factors that erode lampricide treatment efficiency, elucidate physiological mode of action, and investigate lethal and sub-lethal impacts of lampricide exposure on aquatic organisms. By integrating new operational tactics and strategies with advances in science and technology, the GLFC, DFO, and USFWS, with support from the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, have achieved unprecedented suppression of sea lampreys and reduction in lake trout marking in the Great Lakes. However, emerging challenges potentially threaten the future use of lampricides.
Survival of adult fishes is critical to the conservation and management of wild populations, particularly for long-lived, slow to reproduce species. Most sturgeon species are of conservation concern, but their long lifespans and large ranges have made estimation of adult survival rates challenging. In this study, acoustic telemetry was used to track 205 lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) tagged in the St. Clair and Detroit rivers of the Laurentian Great Lakes over seven years (2012–2019). The objective of this study was to determine if annual survival was related to sex, size, tagging location (river), or year post-tagging using Cormack-Jolly-Seber (CJS) models. Annual survival was high among all seven years (range of point estimates: 95–99%) and did not differ based on sex, tagging year, size at time of tagging, or tagging location. Lake sturgeon detection probability on acoustic receivers was high each year (range of point estimates: 82–99%) and increased as the number of receivers in the system increased. High survival rates of lake sturgeon were consistent with levels thought required for lake sturgeon to be self-sustaining in the St. Clair – Detroit river system. Our application of acoustic telemetry detections as input to CJS models demonstrated the usefulness of this approach and should be considered for population assessment studies throughout the Great Lakes and beyond.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Colorado, Boulder","collaboration":"University of Colorado, Boulder; Institute for Tribal Environmental Professionals; National Center for Atmospheric Research","usgsCitation":"Herman-Mercer, N.M., 2021, Guiding the Arctic Rivers Project Climate Model Development: Results from the Climate Information Survey, 27 p.","productDescription":"27 p.","ipdsId":"IP-134119","costCenters":[{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":423511,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":423505,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.colorado.edu/research/arctic-rivers/sites/default/files/attached-files/arp_modelsurveyresults_report_final.pdf"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -134.5522950063096,\n 59.87028426766375\n ],\n [\n -133.24373664299094,\n 61.28424546566808\n ],\n [\n -134.02887166098213,\n 63.05529254448754\n ],\n [\n -136.77684422395126,\n 65.05797812818923\n ],\n [\n -140.17909596857976,\n 66.66285098504187\n ],\n [\n -140.57166347757536,\n 69.21575646485616\n ],\n [\n -142.5345010225534,\n 70.03568521513193\n ],\n [\n -154.573237965085,\n 71.4172689598237\n ],\n [\n -160.59260643635076,\n 70.8674732710819\n ],\n [\n -166.35026323495282,\n 68.7464270445748\n ],\n [\n -166.08855156228913,\n 67.72775212396189\n ],\n [\n -164.91084903530233,\n 67.1758201951771\n ],\n [\n -166.8736865802803,\n 66.34986352746296\n ],\n [\n -167.65882159827146,\n 65.44146322228974\n ],\n [\n -165.56512821696163,\n 63.7581904273662\n ],\n [\n -165.95769572595722,\n 62.15218786087863\n ],\n [\n -166.6119749076166,\n 61.221310865102566\n ],\n [\n -164.91084903530233,\n 59.87028426766375\n ],\n [\n -161.6394531270057,\n 58.18719425432104\n ],\n [\n -158.6297688913728,\n 57.63105594029915\n ],\n [\n -155.88179632840357,\n 57.91020117337476\n ],\n [\n -151.43269789312018,\n 58.39353282771856\n ],\n [\n -146.7218877851731,\n 59.87028426766375\n ],\n [\n -143.84305938587198,\n 60.00139362894262\n ],\n [\n -140.83337515023914,\n 59.73865592328997\n ],\n [\n -138.4779700962655,\n 59.60650723894122\n ],\n [\n -137.16941173294686,\n 59.27385018786782\n ],\n [\n -134.5522950063096,\n 59.87028426766375\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herman-Mercer, Nicole M. 0000-0001-5933-4978 nhmercer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5933-4978","contributorId":3927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herman-Mercer","given":"Nicole","email":"nhmercer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":890140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70226844,"text":"70226844 - 2021 - Life-history attributes of Arctic-breeding birds drive uneven responses to environmental variability across different phases of the reproductive cycle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-06T17:45:08.622262","indexId":"70226844","displayToPublicDate":"2021-12-13T06:45:34","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Life-history attributes of Arctic-breeding birds drive uneven responses to environmental variability across different phases of the reproductive cycle","docAbstract":"Animals exhibit varied life-history traits that reflect adaptive responses to their environments. For Arctic-breeding birds, traits related to diet, egg nutrient allocation, clutch size, and chick growth are predicted to be under increasing selection pressure due to rapid climate change and increasing environmental variability across high-latitude regions. We compared four migratory birds (black brant [Branta bernicla nigricans], lesser snow geese [Chen caerulescens caerulescens], semipalmated sandpipers [Calidris pusilla], and Lapland longspurs [Calcarius lapponicus]) with varied life histories at an Arctic site in Alaska, USA, to understand how life-history traits help moderate environmental variability across different phases of the reproductive cycle. We monitored aspects of reproductive performance related to the timing of breeding, reproductive investment, and chick growth from 2011 to 2018. In response to early snowmelt and warm temperatures, semipalmated sandpipers advanced their site arrival and bred in higher numbers, while brant and snow geese increased clutch sizes; all four species advanced their nest initiation dates. During chick rearing, longspur nestlings were relatively resilient to environmental variation, whereas warmer temperatures increased the growth rates of sandpiper chicks but reduced growth rates of snow goose goslings. These responses generally aligned with traits along the capital-income spectrum of nutrient acquisition and altricial–precocial modes of chick growth. Under a warming climate, the ability to mobilize endogenous reserves likely provides geese with relative flexibility to adjust the timing of breeding and the size of clutches. Higher temperatures, however, may negatively affect the quality of herbaceous foods and slow gosling growth. Species may possess traits that are beneficial during one phase of the reproductive cycle and others that may be detrimental at another phase, uneven responses that may be amplified with future climate warming. These results underscore the need to consider multiple phases of the reproductive cycle when assessing the effects of environmental variability on Arctic-breeding birds.