Polychlorinated biphenyl compounds (PCBs) are a class of209 individual compounds (known as congeners) for which there are no known natural sources. PCBs are carcinogenic and bioaccumulative compounds. For over 40 years, PCBs were manufactured in the United States. The flame resistant property of PCBs made them ideal chemicals for use as flame-retardants, and as coolants and lubricants in transformers and other electrical equipment. PCBs were also used in heating coils, carbonless paper, degreasers, varnishes, lacquers, waterproofing material, and cereal boxes. In addition, they were frequently used in the manufacturing of plastics, adhesives, and paints.
During the manufacturing period of PCBs, these chemicals entered the environment though atmospheric release during manufacturing and burning of PCB products, leaks and spills, and improper disposal. Although PCB manufacturing was banned over 20 years ago, PCBs still enter the environment from hazardous waste sites, improper disposals of PCB-containing products, weathering of asphalt and other substances containing PCBs, burning of PCB containing products, leakage from old equipment, leaching from landfills, and release from contaminated sediments. PCBs do not readily break down in the environment, thus remain there for long periods of time. A small amount may remain dissolved in water but most adhere to organic particles and bottom sediments.
In sufficient concentrations, PCBs affect human, wildlife, and aquatic health. PCBs accumulate in fatty tissues of animals and fish and are passed on to those that eat them. PCBs are animal teratogens and potentially carcinogenic. They can cause death of animals, fish, and birds; death or low growth rate of plants; shortened lifespan; reproductive problems; and lower fertility. Women who are exposed to high levels of PCBs may have babies with slightly lower birth weights and transfer the PCBs through the breast milk, which may affect the immune system and motor development of the child. Rule 323.1057 (Toxic Substances) of the Part 4. Water Quality Standards gives procedure for calculating water-quality values to protect human, wildlife and aquatic life. For total PCB, the applicable Rule 57 water-quality value is the human cancer value (HCV=0.26 ng/L),
In 2002, U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) and Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ) cooperatively planned and executed a monitoring program for PCBs in water and sediment from the Pere Marquette River and Muskegon River watersheds. The Pere Marquette and Muskegon River are in the west central part of Michigan's Lower Peninsula (fig. 1). The Pere Marquette River watershed is about 750 square miles, and the Muskegon River is about 2700 square miles. Both rivers are popular recreational waters, and the Pere Marquette River is a Michigan designated Natural River (Part 305 of the Natural Rivers and Environmental Protection Act 451 of 1994).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041088","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Michigan Department of Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"Fogarty, L., 2005, PCB concentrations in Pere Marquette River and Muskegon River watersheds, 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1088, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041088.","productDescription":"28 p.","numberOfPages":"30","temporalStart":"2002-01-01","temporalEnd":"2002-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268890,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20041088.png"},{"id":268911,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1088/OFR_2004-1088.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Muskegon River watershed, Pere Marquette River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.6326904296875,\n 42.633958722673164\n ],\n [\n -86.6326904296875,\n 44.555249259710656\n ],\n [\n -84.48486328124999,\n 44.555249259710656\n ],\n [\n -84.48486328124999,\n 42.633958722673164\n ],\n [\n -86.6326904296875,\n 42.633958722673164\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5139c4f9e4b09608cc166b2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fogarty, Lisa R.","contributorId":74074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fogarty","given":"Lisa R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70007198,"text":"ofr20051357 - 2005 - Field guide to the major organisms and processes building reefs and islands of the Dry Tortugas: the Carnegie Dry Tortugas Laboratory Centennial Celebration (1905-2005)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-30T12:40:01","indexId":"ofr20051357","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-01T10:00:47","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1357","title":"Field guide to the major organisms and processes building reefs and islands of the Dry Tortugas: the Carnegie Dry Tortugas Laboratory Centennial Celebration (1905-2005)","docAbstract":"This guide to the geology and biology of the Dry Tortugas is divided into four sections: 1) geologic and anthropogenic features you will pass on your trip to and from the Tortugas, 2) a summary of items of Tortugas geologic, historic, and human interest and what you will experience at Loggerhead Key while walking and snorkeling, 3) a summary of recent coral-monitoring results, and 4) an Appendix with tributes to some of the significant research accomplishments of researchers at the laboratory between 1905 and 1939.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051357","collaboration":"Fish and Wildlife Commission, State of Florida","usgsCitation":"Shinn, E., and Jaap, W.C., 2005, Field guide to the major organisms and processes building reefs and islands of the Dry Tortugas: the Carnegie Dry Tortugas Laboratory Centennial Celebration (1905-2005): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1357, vi, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051357.","productDescription":"vi, 31 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1905-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-10-15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":261246,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1357/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":261245,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1357/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"17.23 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Dry Tortugas, Florida Keys, Key West, Loggerhead Key, Marquesas Keys, The Quicksands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.87948608398438,\n 24.719390384544194\n ],\n [\n -82.93991088867188,\n 24.68944794054683\n ],\n [\n -82.98934936523438,\n 24.639527880633413\n ],\n [\n -82.99072265625,\n 24.60082610576976\n ],\n [\n -82.96188354492188,\n 24.582095141363695\n ],\n [\n -82.90283203125,\n 24.577099744289416\n ],\n [\n -82.49221801757812,\n 24.51464048322418\n ],\n [\n -82.29721069335938,\n 24.509642399509268\n ],\n [\n -81.9525146484375,\n 24.47715001114869\n ],\n [\n -81.76025390625,\n 24.49589664436146\n ],\n [\n -81.727294921875,\n 24.548372346343232\n ],\n [\n -81.7218017578125,\n 24.580846310771612\n ],\n [\n -81.73553466796875,\n 24.604571962313898\n ],\n [\n -81.79595947265625,\n 24.62080271131404\n ],\n [\n -81.90032958984375,\n 24.627044746156027\n ],\n [\n -82.14614868164061,\n 24.628293115720375\n ],\n [\n -82.30133056640625,\n 24.630789817441265\n ],\n [\n -82.75726318359375,\n 24.691943419126464\n ],\n [\n -82.7764892578125,\n 24.711905448466087\n ],\n [\n -82.83416748046875,\n 24.731864277701714\n ],\n [\n -82.87948608398438,\n 24.719390384544194\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0fbee4b0c8380cd539d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shinn, Eugene A.","contributorId":6883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shinn","given":"Eugene A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaap, Walter C.","contributorId":74992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaap","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":79653,"text":"ofr20051398 - 2005 - Benthic cover on coral reefs of Isla Del Culebra (Puerto Rico) 1991-1998 and a comparison of assessment techniques","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:20","indexId":"ofr20051398","displayToPublicDate":"2007-02-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1398","title":"Benthic cover on coral reefs of Isla Del Culebra (Puerto Rico) 1991-1998 and a comparison of assessment techniques","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051398","usgsCitation":"Garrison, V., Shinn, E., Miller, J., Carlo, M., Rodriguez, R.W., and Koltes, K., 2005, Benthic cover on coral reefs of Isla Del Culebra (Puerto Rico) 1991-1998 and a comparison of assessment techniques: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1398, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051398.","productDescription":"16 p.","numberOfPages":"16","temporalStart":"0991-01-01","temporalEnd":"1998-12-31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":194933,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a53e4b07f02db62b65c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garrison, V.H.","contributorId":70731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrison","given":"V.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shinn, E.A.","contributorId":38610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shinn","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, J.","contributorId":16939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carlo, M.","contributorId":101340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlo","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rodriguez, R. W.","contributorId":61054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Koltes, K.","contributorId":107807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koltes","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":79388,"text":"ofr20051292 - 2005 - A Science Framework for Connecticut River Watershed Sustainability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:56","indexId":"ofr20051292","displayToPublicDate":"2006-11-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1292","title":"A Science Framework for Connecticut River Watershed Sustainability","docAbstract":"Introduction: \r\nThis document outlines a research framework for water resource managers and land-use planners in the four-state Connecticut River Watershed (CRW). It specifically focuses on developing the decision-support tools and data needed by managers in the watershed. \r\n\r\nThe purpose of the Science Framework is to identify critical research issues and information required to better equip managers to make decisions on desirable changes in the CRW. \r\n\r\nThis Science Framework is the result of a cooperative project between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the University of Massachusetts at Amherst (UMass-Amherst), and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS). The cooperative project was guided by a Science Steering Committee (SC) and included several focus groups, a 70-person workshop in September 2004, and an open collaborative process by which the workshop outcomes were synthesized, written up, and then progressively refined through peer review. This document is the product of that collaborative process. \r\n\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051292","usgsCitation":"Rideout, S., Nicolson, C., Russell-Robinson, S.L., and Mecray, E.L., 2005, A Science Framework for Connecticut River Watershed Sustainability (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1292, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051292.","productDescription":"22 p.","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":8888,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1292/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":191245,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4967e4b0b290850ef22d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rideout, Stephen","contributorId":46168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rideout","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nicolson, Craig","contributorId":8565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicolson","given":"Craig","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Russell-Robinson, Susan L.","contributorId":82002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russell-Robinson","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mecray, Ellen L.","contributorId":50887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mecray","given":"Ellen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":79389,"text":"ofr20051428 - 2005 - Digital Mapping Techniques '05--Workshop Proceedings, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, April 24-27, 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-01T08:50:22","indexId":"ofr20051428","displayToPublicDate":"2006-11-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1428","title":"Digital Mapping Techniques '05--Workshop Proceedings, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, April 24-27, 2005","docAbstract":"Introduction: The Digital Mapping Techniques '05 (DMT'05) workshop was attended by more than 100 technical experts from 47 agencies, universities, and private companies, including representatives from 25 state geological surveys (see Appendix A). This workshop was similar in nature to the previous eight meetings, held in Lawrence, Kansas (Soller, 1997), in Champaign, Illinois (Soller, 1998), in Madison, Wisconsin (Soller, 1999), in Lexington, Kentucky (Soller, 2000), in Tuscaloosa, Alabama (Soller, 2001), in Salt Lake City, Utah (Soller, 2002), in Millersville, Pennsylvania (Soller, 2003), and in Portland, Oregon (Soller, 2004). This year's meeting was hosted by the Louisiana Geological Survey, from April 24-27, 2005, on the Louisiana State University campus in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. As in the previous meetings, the objective was to foster informal discussion and exchange of technical information. It is with great pleasure I note that the objective was successfully met, as attendees continued to share and exchange knowledge and information, and to renew friendships and collegial work begun at past DMT workshops. Each DMT workshop has been coordinated by the Association of American State Geologists (AASG) and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Data Capture Working Group, which was formed in August 1996, to support the AASG and the USGS in their effort to build a National Geologic Map Database (see Soller and Berg, this volume, and http://ngmdb.usgs.gov/info/standards/datacapt/). The Working Group was formed because increased production efficiencies, standardization, and quality of digital map products were needed for the database?and for the State and Federal geological surveys?to provide more high-quality digital maps to the public. At the 2005 meeting, oral and poster presentations and special discussion sessions emphasized: 1) methods for creating and publishing map products (here, 'publishing' includes Web-based release); 2) field data capture software and techniques, including the use of LIDAR; 3) digital cartographic techniques; 4) migration of digital maps into ArcGIS Geodatabase format; 5) analytical GIS techniques; 6) continued development of the National Geologic Map Database; and 7) progress toward building and implementing a standard geologic map data model and standard science language for the U.S. and for North America.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Digital Mapping Techniques '05--Workshop Proceedings, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, April 24-27, 2005","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Digital Mapping Techniques '05","conferenceDate":"April 24-27, 2005","conferenceLocation":"Baton Rouge, Louisiana","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051428","collaboration":"Convened by the\r\nAssociation of American State Geologists\r\nand the\r\nUnited States Geological Survey\r\n\r\nHosted by the\r\nLouisiana Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Soller, D.R., 2005, Digital Mapping Techniques '05--Workshop Proceedings, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, April 24-27, 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1428, vi, 268 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051428.","productDescription":"vi, 268 p.","numberOfPages":"274","temporalStart":"2005-05-24","temporalEnd":"0205-05-27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":194578,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":362519,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1428/pdf/DMT05.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":8889,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1428/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b45ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soller, David R. 0000-0001-6177-8332 drsoller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-8332","contributorId":2700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soller","given":"David","email":"drsoller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":79309,"text":"ofr20051233 - 2005 - Submersed Aquatic Vegetation Modeling Output Online","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:57","indexId":"ofr20051233","displayToPublicDate":"2006-11-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1233","title":"Submersed Aquatic Vegetation Modeling Output Online","docAbstract":"Introduction\r\n\r\nThe ability to predict the distribution of submersed aquatic vegetation in the Upper Mississippi River on the basis of physical or chemical variables is useful to resource managers. Wildlife managers have a keen interest in advanced estimates of food quantity such as American wildcelery (Vallisneria americana) population status to give out more informed advisories to hunters before the fall hunting season. Predictions for distribution of submerged aquatic vegetation beds can potentially increase hunter observance of voluntary avoidance zones where foraging birds are left alone to feed undisturbed. In years when submersed aquatic vegetation is predicted to be scarce in important wildlife habitats, managers can get the message out to hunters well before the hunting season (Jim Nissen, Upper Mississippi River National Wildlife and Fish Refuge, La Crosse District Manager, La Crosse, Wisconsin, personal communication).\r\n\r\nWe developed a statistical model to predict the probability of occurrence of submersed aquatic vegetation in Pool 8 of the Upper Mississippi River on the basis of a few hydrological, physical, and geomorphic variables. Our model takes into consideration flow velocity, wind fetch, bathymetry, growing-season daily water level, and light extinction coefficient in the river (fig. 1) and calculates the probability of submersed aquatic vegetation existence in Pool 8 in individual 5- x 5-m grid cells. The model was calibrated using the data collected in 1998 (516 sites), 1999 (595 sites), and 2000 (649 sites) using a stratified random sampling protocol (Yin and others, 2000b). To validate the model, we chose the data from the Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP) transect sampling in backwater areas (Rogers and Owens 1995; Yin and others, 2000a) and ran the model for each 5- x 5-m grid cell in every growing season from 1991 to 2001. We tallied all the cells and came up with an annual average percent frequency of submersed aquatic vegetation occurrence and compared the results with actual LTRMP survey data (fig. 2). Both a paired Student's test (P = 0.4620) and a Wilcoxon's two-sample test (P = 0.4738) did not contradict our null hypothesis that the model prediction and the sampling data are statistically the same. We have not found an effective statistical test to compare model-predicted spatial pattern with aerial photography geographic information, but we are satisfied with the model's outcome on the basis of visual inspection (fig. 3).\r\n\r\nA unique feature about this model is that a prediction can be made by the end of June each year; therefore, providing wildlife managers an assessment of current year vegetation growth condition 3 to 4 months ahead of the arrival of migrating waterfowl that feed on submersed aquatic vegetation. We are working with the LTRMP partnership to create a mechanism so that model predictions (fig. 4) can be updated annually and the results posted on the LTRMP Web site. Our model underestimated the prevalence of vegetation from 2001 to 2004. We speculate that the summer water level reduction conducted in 2001 and 2002 triggered vegetation responses that are outside the model's domain. Future enhancement of the model will incorporate the summer water level drawdown effects as well as the effects of growth conditions in previous years.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051233","usgsCitation":"Yin, Y., Rogala, J., Sullivan, J., and Rohweder, J.J., 2005, Submersed Aquatic Vegetation Modeling Output Online: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1233, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051233.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":8793,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.umesc.usgs.gov/management/dss/sub_veg_model.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":191200,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9834,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1233/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699b48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yin, Yao yyin@usgs.gov","contributorId":2170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yin","given":"Yao","email":"yyin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":289621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rogala, Jim","contributorId":71269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogala","given":"Jim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sullivan, John","contributorId":37017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":289622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rohweder, Jason J. jrohweder@usgs.gov","contributorId":460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rohweder","given":"Jason","email":"jrohweder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":289620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":77643,"text":"ofr20051439 - 2005 - Inventory of gate-sensing equipment at 14 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers dams in Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-24T17:02:39","indexId":"ofr20051439","displayToPublicDate":"2006-08-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1439","title":"Inventory of gate-sensing equipment at 14 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers dams in Texas","docAbstract":"The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is a worldwide organization that provides engineering services, environmental restoration, and construction support for a wide variety of civil and military projects. The primary civil mission of the USACE is developing and managing the Nation's water resources. USACE develops projects to reduce flood damage, improve navigation channels and harbors, protect wetlands, and preserve, safeguard, and enhance the environment. Additional missions of the Corps include managing federal real estate, assisting communities with emergency operations and recovery, and providing recreation opportunities.
Accurate and timely information on reservoir gate openings is critical for managing flood pools, reducing flood damage downstream from reservoirs, delivering drinking-water supplies, and meeting an assortment of competing downstream water-use needs. Documentation, operation, and maintenance of gate sensors are needed so that reliable, timely information is available to USACE to make reservoir operation decisions.
USACE requested that the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) prepare an inventory and documentation of existing gate-sensing equipment at 14 reservoirs that will serve as a user’s manual for operating the equipment. The 14 reservoirs include Aquilla Lake, Bardwell Lake, Benbrook Lake, Canyon Lake, Georgetown Lake, Granger Lake, Grapevine Lake, Jim Chapman Lake, Joe Pool Lake, Lake O’ the Pines, Ray Roberts Lake, Somerville Lake, Stillhouse Hollow Lake, and Wright Patman Lake.
This report presents the inventory and documentation of the existing gate-sensing equipment at the 14. The report is organized by lake; information in each lake section includes location of lake and intake structure, directions to each lake (road log), access, equipment description, operation and maintenance information, job hazard analysis, wiring diagrams, photographs, and datalogger programs. The report also includes a list of contact information for the different manufacturers of equipment in service at the lakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051439","usgsCitation":"Harwell, G.R., 2005, Inventory of gate-sensing equipment at 14 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers dams in Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1439, ix, 255 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051439.","productDescription":"ix, 255 p.","numberOfPages":"264","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194523,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051439.PNG"},{"id":8544,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1439/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Aquilla Lake, Bardwell Lake, Benbrook Lake, Canyon Lake, Georgetown Lake, Granger Lake, Grapevine Lake, Jim Chapman Lake, Joe Pool Lake, Lake O’ the Pines, Ray Roberts 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48c6e4b07f02db53fd52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harwell, Glenn R. gharwell@usgs.gov","contributorId":3789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harwell","given":"Glenn","email":"gharwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":288824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":77644,"text":"ofr20051251 - 2005 - User's Manual for the National Water Information System of the U.S. Geological Survey: Ground-water site-inventory system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:57","indexId":"ofr20051251","displayToPublicDate":"2006-08-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1251","title":"User's Manual for the National Water Information System of the U.S. Geological Survey: Ground-water site-inventory system","docAbstract":"The Ground-Water Site-Inventory (GWSI) System is a ground-water data storage and retrieval system that is part of the National Water Information System (NWIS) developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The NWIS is a distributed water database in which data can be processed over a network of workstations and file servers at USGS offices throughout the United States. This system comprises the GWSI, the Automated Data Processing System (ADAPS), the Water-Quality System (QWDATA), and the Site- Specific Water-Use Data System (SWUDS).\r\n\r\nThe GWSI System provides for entering new sites and updating existing sites within the local database. In addition, the GWSI provides for retrieving and displaying groundwater and Sitefile data stored in the local database. Finally, the GWSI provides for routine maintenance of the local and national data records. This manual contains instructions for users of the GWSI and discusses the general operating procedures for the programs found within the GWSI Main Menu.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051251","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, User's Manual for the National Water Information System of the U.S. Geological Survey: Ground-water site-inventory system (Version 4.4): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1251, xi, 274 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051251.","productDescription":"xi, 274 p.","numberOfPages":"285","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191621,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8389,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1251/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 4.4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db603fa7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":76902,"text":"ofr20051081 - 2005 - User's manual for the National Water Information System of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Water-quality System (QWDATA)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":76902,"text":"ofr20051081 - 2005 - User's manual for the National Water Information System of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Water-quality System (QWDATA)","indexId":"ofr20051081","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"title":"User's manual for the National Water Information System of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Water-quality System (QWDATA)"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":76959,"text":"ofr20061145 - 2006 - User's manual for the National Water Information Systemof the U.S. Geological Survey Water-Quality System","indexId":"ofr20061145","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"User's manual for the National Water Information Systemof the U.S. Geological Survey Water-Quality System"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":76959,"text":"ofr20061145 - 2006 - User's manual for the National Water Information Systemof the U.S. Geological Survey Water-Quality System","indexId":"ofr20061145","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"User's manual for the National Water Information Systemof the U.S. Geological Survey Water-Quality System"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-24T01:02:05","indexId":"ofr20051081","displayToPublicDate":"2006-07-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1081","title":"User's manual for the National Water Information System of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Water-quality System (QWDATA)","docAbstract":"This user documentation is designed to be a reference for the Water-Quality System (QWDATA) within the National Water Information System (NWIS). For the new user, the 'Introduction' and 'Getting Started' sections are the recommended places to begin. The experienced user may want to go straight to the details provided in the program section (section 3). Code lists and some miscellaneous reference materials are provided in the Appendices. The last section, 'Tip Sheets,' is a collection of suggestions for accomplishing selected tasks, some of which are basic and some of which are advanced. Where appropriate, these Tip Sheets are referenced in the main text of the documentation.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051081","usgsCitation":"Gellenbeck, D., Oblinger, C.J., Runkle, D.L., Schertz, T.L., Scott, J.C., and Taylor, R.L., 2005, User's manual for the National Water Information System of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Water-quality System (QWDATA) (Version 4.3): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1081, vii, 355 p.; Appendices; PDF Downloads of Sections, Appendices, and Tip Sheets, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051081.","productDescription":"vii, 355 p.; Appendices; PDF Downloads of Sections, Appendices, and Tip Sheets","numberOfPages":"355","costCenters":[{"id":450,"text":"National Water Information System","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":8356,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1081/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":192872,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 4.3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a16e4b07f02db603d85","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gellenbeck, Dorinda djgell@usgs.gov","contributorId":661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gellenbeck","given":"Dorinda","email":"djgell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":288125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oblinger, Carolyn J. 0000-0003-2914-1643 oblinger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2914-1643","contributorId":13275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oblinger","given":"Carolyn","email":"oblinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Runkle, Donna L. dlrunkle@usgs.gov","contributorId":2556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkle","given":"Donna","email":"dlrunkle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":288126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schertz, Terry L. tschertz@usgs.gov","contributorId":188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schertz","given":"Terry","email":"tschertz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":288124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Scott, Jonathon C. jcscott@usgs.gov","contributorId":5449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Jonathon","email":"jcscott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":288127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Taylor, Robert L.","contributorId":89987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":76897,"text":"ofr20051347 - 2005 - Vascular Plant and Vertebrate Inventory of Tuzigoot National Monument","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:11","indexId":"ofr20051347","displayToPublicDate":"2006-07-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1347","title":"Vascular Plant and Vertebrate Inventory of Tuzigoot National Monument","docAbstract":"Executive Summary\r\n\r\nFrom 2002 to 2004, we surveyed for plants and vertebrates (amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals) at Tuzigoot National Monument (NM) and adjacent areas in Arizona. This was the first effort of its kind in the area and was part of a larger effort to inventory vascular plants and vertebrates in eight National Park Service units in Arizona and New Mexico. In addition to our own surveys, we also compiled a complete list of species that have been found by previous studies.\r\n\r\nWe found 330 species, including 142 that had not previously been recorded at the monument (Table 1). We found 39 species of non-native plants, 11 non-native fishes, three non-native birds, and one non-native species each of amphibian and mammal. Based on our work and that of others, there have been 597 species of plants and vertebrates found at the monument.\r\n\r\nThe bird community at the monument had the highest species richness of any national park unit in central and southern Arizona. We found all other taxa to have intermediate species richness compared to other park units in the region. This extraordinary species richness observed for birds, as well as for some other taxa, is due primarily to Tavasci Marsh and the Verde River, two critical sources of perennial water, which provide habitat for many regionally rare or uncommon species. The location of the monument at the northern edge of the Sonoran Desert and at the southern edge of the Mogollon Rim also plays an important role in determining the distribution and community composition of the plant and vertebrate communities.\r\n\r\nBased on our findings, we believe the high number of non-native species, especially fish and plants, should be of particular management concern. We detail other management challenges, most notably the rapid increase in housing and associated commercial development near the monument, which will continue to impact the plant and vertebrate communities.\r\n\r\nBased on our data and a review of past studies, we believe the inventory for most taxa is nearly complete, though some rare or elusive species will be added with additional survey effort. We recommend additional inventory, monitoring, and research studies and we identify components of our effort that could be improved upon, either through the application of new techniques or by extending the temporal and/or spatial scope of our work.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051347","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the University of Arizona, School of Natural Resources; This report supersedes Powell et al. (2003, 2004a, and 2005a) and Schmidt et al. (2005)","usgsCitation":"Powell, B., Albrecht, E., Halvorson, W.L., Schmidt, C., Anning, P., and Docherty, K., 2005, Vascular Plant and Vertebrate Inventory of Tuzigoot National Monument (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1347, xiv, 105 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051347.","productDescription":"xiv, 105 p.","numberOfPages":"113","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2002-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192496,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9837,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://sbsc.wr.usgs.gov/files/pdfs/ofr_2005-1347.pdf","size":"17999","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d5e4b07f02db548fea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powell, Brian F.","contributorId":25644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"Brian F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Albrecht, E.W.","contributorId":29081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albrecht","given":"E.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Halvorson, William Lee","contributorId":104992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halvorson","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmidt, Cecilia A.","contributorId":25645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Cecilia A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anning, P.","contributorId":77249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anning","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Docherty, K.","contributorId":17321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Docherty","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":76679,"text":"ofr20051089 - 2005 - GIS compilation of data collected from the Pulley Ridge Deep Coral Reef region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-02T15:00:06.210882","indexId":"ofr20051089","displayToPublicDate":"2006-05-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1089","title":"GIS compilation of data collected from the Pulley Ridge Deep Coral Reef region","docAbstract":"Pulley Ridge is a chain of drowned barrier islands that extends almost 200 km in 60-90 m water depths (Fig. 1). This drowned ridge is located on the Florida Platform in the southeastern Gulf of Mexico about 250 km west of Cape Sable, Florida (Jarrett and others, 2005). These islands formed during the early Holocene marine transgression approximately 12,000 - 14,000 years before present, and were then submerged by sea level rise and preserved near the outer edge of the Florida Platform. The southern portion of Pulley Ridge is the focus of this study. This area hosts zooxanthellate scleractinian corals, green, red and brown macro algae, and a mix of deep and typically shallow-water tropical fishes. This largely photosynthetic community is unique in that it thrives with less than 5% of the light typically associated with shallow-water reefs with similar fauna.
Several factors help to account for the existence of this unique deep-water community. First, the underlying drowned barrier islands provide both elevated topography and lithified substrate for the establishment of the hardbottom community. Second, the region is commonly bathed by the Loop Current, which brings relatively clear and warm water to this area. Third, the ridge's position on the continental shelf places it within the thermocline which provides nutrients to the reef during upwelling (Halley and others, 2003).
The USGS has made two proposals to resource managers for the designation of marine protected areas based on the geophysical and photographic data in this report. The proposals describe areas that may require some regulatory protection of marine life utilizing the sea floor (Fig. 1).
The first proposal is that the area of greatest hermatypic coral cover (Fig. 1) is considered for future management actions and designated a Habitat Area of Particular Concern (HAPC) by the Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council. HAPCs are identified on the basis of habitat level considerations:
The second proposed area is for Coral Essential Fish Habitat (CEFH, Fig. 1). CEFHs are defined as \"those waters and substrate necessary to corals for spawning, breeding, feeding, or growth to maturity.\" The following definitions are provided for clarification:
This report presents the geophysical and photographic data that were collected to describe the surficial and shallow subsurface geologic framework of the area where these deep-water corals are known to occur. The data types include multibeam bathymetry, sidescan-sonar imagery, images of high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles, and bottom photographs. In addition, the tracklines for the seismic data, locations of bottom photographs and camera drifts, and tracklines along which submersible and remotely operated vehicle (ROV) observations were made are contained in the GIS files accompanying this report. Unfortunately, video footage from the camera drifts, submersible, and ROV cruises is not available on this DVD due to the quantity of data. The bottom photograph data set has been previously published (Cross and others, 2004), however it is included in this publication in an effort to integrate the varying data sets in one location. This integration is accomplished through the GIS data included on this DVD.
The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO), a cooperative program of the U.S. Geological Survey, the Geophysical Institute of the University of Alaska Fairbanks, and the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, has maintained seismic monitoring networks at historically active volcanoes in Alaska since 1988. The primary objectives of the seismic program are the real-time seismic monitoring of active, potentially hazardous, Alaskan volcanoes and the investigation of seismic processes associated with active volcanism. This catalog presents the calculated earthquake hypocenter and phase arrival data, and changes in the seismic monitoring program for the period January 1 through December 31, 2004.
These include Mount Wrangell, Mount Spurr, Redoubt Volcano, Iliamna Volcano, Augustine Volcano, Katmai volcanic cluster (Snowy Mountain, Mount Griggs, Mount Katmai, Novarupta, Trident Volcano, Mount Mageik, Mount Martin), Mount Peulik, Aniakchak Crater, Mount Veniaminof, Pavlof Volcano, Mount Dutton, Isanotski Peaks, Shishaldin Volcano, Fisher Caldera, Westdahl Peak, Akutan Peak, Makushin Volcano, Okmok Caldera, Great Sitkin Volcano, Kanaga Volcano, Tanaga Volcano, and Mount Gareloi. Over the past year, formal monitoring of Okmok, Tanaga and Gareloi were announced following an extended period of monitoring to determine the background seismicity at each volcanic center. The seismicity at Mount Peulik was still being studied at the end of 2004 and has yet to be added to the list of monitored volcanoes in the AVO weekly update. AVO located 6928 earthquakes in 2004.
Monitoring highlights in 2004 include: (1) an earthquake swarm at Westdahl Peak in January; (2) an increase in seismicity at Mount Spurr starting in February continuing through the end of the year into 2005; (4) low-level tremor, and low-frequency events related to intermittent ash and steam emissions at Mount Veniaminof between April and October; (4) low-level tremor at Shishaldin Volcano between April and October; (5) an earthquake swarm at Akutan in July; and (6) low-level tremor at Okmok Caldera throughout the year (Table 2). Instrumentation and data acquisition highlights in 2004 were the installation of subnetworks on Mount Peulik and Korovin Volcano and the installation of broadband stations to augment the Katmai and Spurr subnetworks.
This catalog includes: (1) a description of instruments deployed in the field and their locations; (2) a description of earthquake detection, recording, analysis, and data archival systems; (3) a description of velocity models used for earthquake locations; (4) a summary of earthquakes located in 2004; and (5) an accompanying UNIX tar-file with a summary of earthquake origin times, hypocenters, magnitudes, phase arrival times, and location quality statistics; daily station usage statistics; and all HYPOELLIPSE files used to determine the earthquake locations in 2004.
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Mineral microscopy and chemistry of mined and unmined porphyry molybdenum mineralization along the Red River, New Mexico: Implications for ground- and surface-water quality","docAbstract":"This report is one in a series presenting results of an interdisciplinary U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) study of ground-water quality in the lower Red River watershed prior to open-pit and underground molybdenite mining at Molycorp's Questa mine. The stretch of the Red River watershed that extends from just upstream of the town of Red River to just above the town of Questa includes several mineralized areas in addition to the one mined by Molycorp. Natural erosion and weathering of pyrite-rich rocks in the mineralized areas has created a series of erosional scars along this stretch of the Red River that contribute acidic waters, as well as mineralized alluvial material and sediments, to the river. The overall goal of the USGS study is to infer the pre-mining ground-water quality at the Molycorp mine site. An integrated geologic, hydrologic, and geochemical model for ground water in the mineralized but unmined Straight Creek drainage is being used as an analogue for the geologic, geochemical, and hydrologic conditions that influenced ground-water quality and quantity at the mine site prior to mining. This report summarizes results of reconnaissance mineralogical and chemical characterization studies of rock samples collected from the various scars and the Molycorp open pit, and of drill cuttings or drill core from bedrock beneath the scars and adjacent debris fans.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051442","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Mexico Environment Department","usgsCitation":"Plumlee, G., Lowers, H., Ludington, S., Koenig, A., and Briggs, P., 2005, Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality invistigation. 13. 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2005 - Florida salt marsh vole habitat: lower Suwannee National Wildlife Refuge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:20","indexId":"ofr20051417","displayToPublicDate":"2006-03-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1417","title":"Florida salt marsh vole habitat: lower Suwannee National Wildlife Refuge","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051417","usgsCitation":"Raabe, E.A., and Gauron, L.C., 2005, Florida salt marsh vole habitat: lower Suwannee National Wildlife Refuge (Online only, Revised and reprinted: 2005): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1417, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051417.","productDescription":"31 p.","numberOfPages":"31","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":194516,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7123,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1417/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Online only, Revised and reprinted: 2005","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d8e4b07f02db5df683","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raabe, Ellen A. eraabe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raabe","given":"Ellen","email":"eraabe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gauron, Laura C.","contributorId":57971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gauron","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":76223,"text":"ofr20061062 - 2005 - Developing ecological criteria for prescribed fire in South Florida pine rockland ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T13:12:58","indexId":"ofr20061062","displayToPublicDate":"2006-03-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1062","title":"Developing ecological criteria for prescribed fire in South Florida pine rockland ecosystems","docAbstract":"The pine rocklands of South Florida, characterized by a rich herbaceous flora with many narrowly endemic taxa beneath an overstory of south Florida slash pine (Pinus elliottii var. densa), are found in three areas: the Miami Rock Ridge of southeastern peninsular Florida, the Lower Florida Keys, and slightly elevated portions of the southern Big Cypress National Preserve. Fire is an important element in these ecosystems, since in its absence the pine canopy is likely to be replaced by dense hardwoods, resulting in loss of the characteristic pineland herb flora. Prescribed fire has been used in Florida Keys pine forests since the creation of the National Key Deer Refuge (NKDR), with the primary aim of reducing fuels. Because fire can also be an effective tool in shaping ecological communities, we conducted a 4-year research study which explored a range of fire management options in NKDR. The intent of the study was to provide the Fish and Wildlife Service and other land managers with information regarding when and where to burn in order to perpetuate these unique forests. \r\n\r\nIn 1998 we initiated a burning experiment in a randomized complete block design. Three treatments were to be carried out in a single well-defined block in each of two characteristic understory types during each year from 1998 through 2000. One understory type was characterized by a relatively sparse shrub layer and a well-developed herb layer ('open'), and the second had a dense shrub layer and poorly developed herb layer ('shrubby'). The three burn treatments were: (a) summer burn, (b) winter burn, and (c) no burn, or control. Three 1- ha plots were established in each block, and randomly assigned to the three treatments. Though the first year experimental burns were carried out without incident, constraints posed by external factors, including nationwide and statewide prohibitions on prescribed burning due to wildfires in other regions, delayed the experimental burns and precluded collection of postburn data on one third of the burns. Ultimately we burned only eleven plots, three in winter and eight in summer, over a four-year period from 1998 to 2001. Vegetation was sampled in a stratified, nested design within 18 plots. Trees were sampled in a 1.0-ha plot, shrubs in twenty 50-m2 circular (radius 4 m) subplots within the tree plot, and the herb layer in four circular 1-m2 quadrats (radius 0.57 m) within each subplot. The amount of fuel in the shrub layer was estimated by applying regression models to plant dimensional data, and ground layer fuel was estimated by a harvest method. The effects of Key deer herbivory on regeneration of the understory pine rockland plant community after fire was studied by monitoring inside and outside exclosures established within two of the six blocks. \r\n\r\nPine trees constituted more than half (53.3%) of the biomass, but understory fine fuels comprised a surprisingly high proportion of total aboveground biomass. In the three blocks in which paired summer and winter burns were successfully conducted, the summer burns were more intense than the winter burns as judged by our indicators of fire intensity. Because of the differences in fire intensity between seasons, it was not possible to say whether observed differences in vegetation response between summer and winter burns were due to season or to fire intensity. The mortality of South Florida slash pine trees was greater after the summer burn than the winter burn in each block, but other vegetation responses were rarely as consistent. For instance, Metopium showed less recovery after summer burns in two blocks and after the winter burn in the third block. Moreover, there were instances in which alternative growth stages of the same species responded differently. Adult palms succumbed more frequently to summer than winter burns, and mortality of Coccothrinax exceeded that of Thrinax. In contrast, small palms recovered more readily after summer burns than winter burns. High in","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061062","usgsCitation":"Snyder, J.R., Ross, M.S., Koptur, S., and Sah, J.P., 2005, Developing ecological criteria for prescribed fire in South Florida pine rockland ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1062, 109 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061062.","productDescription":"109 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":7129,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fl.biology.usgs.gov/pineland/ofr2006_1062_snyder.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":194714,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db66732d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snyder, James R. jim_snyder@usgs.gov","contributorId":2760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"James","email":"jim_snyder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ross, Michael S.","contributorId":45406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koptur, Suzanne","contributorId":75239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koptur","given":"Suzanne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sah, Jay P.","contributorId":40689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sah","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":76173,"text":"ofr20051260 - 2005 - A GIS-Based Information System for Predicting Impacts from Coastal Storms--The Coastal Impact Assessment Tool (CIAT), Version 1.0, User's Manual","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:20","indexId":"ofr20051260","displayToPublicDate":"2006-03-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1260","title":"A GIS-Based Information System for Predicting Impacts from Coastal Storms--The Coastal Impact Assessment Tool (CIAT), Version 1.0, User's Manual","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051260","usgsCitation":"Bossak, B.H., Morton, R., and Sallenger, 2005, A GIS-Based Information System for Predicting Impacts from Coastal Storms--The Coastal Impact Assessment Tool (CIAT), Version 1.0, User's Manual: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1260, vi, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051260.","productDescription":"vi, 20 p.","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":194564,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7127,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1260/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4956e4b0b290850ef119","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bossak, Brian H.","contributorId":10112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bossak","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morton, Robert A.","contributorId":88333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"Robert A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sallenger, Jr.","contributorId":105768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sallenger","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":76113,"text":"ofr20051441 - 2005 - Status of forest birds in the Central Windward Region of Hawai'i Island: population trends and power analyses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-23T10:03:14","indexId":"ofr20051441","displayToPublicDate":"2006-03-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1441","title":"Status of forest birds in the Central Windward Region of Hawai'i Island: population trends and power analyses","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051441","usgsCitation":"Gorresen, P.M., Camp, R., Pratt, T.K., and Woodworth, B., 2005, Status of forest birds in the Central Windward Region of Hawai'i Island: population trends and power analyses: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1441, 81 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051441.","productDescription":"81 p.","numberOfPages":"81","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":194474,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271408,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1441/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d9e4b07f02db5dfe18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gorresen, P. Marcos mgorresen@usgs.gov","contributorId":37020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorresen","given":"P.","email":"mgorresen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Marcos","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Camp, Richard J.","contributorId":27392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Camp","given":"Richard J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pratt, Thane K. tkpratt@usgs.gov","contributorId":5495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"Thane","email":"tkpratt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Woodworth, Bethany L.","contributorId":66797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodworth","given":"Bethany L.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":287077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":76143,"text":"ofr20051335 - 2005 - User's Guide for the Decision Support System for Map Projections of Small Scale Data, Version 2.0","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:20","indexId":"ofr20051335","displayToPublicDate":"2006-03-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1335","title":"User's Guide for the Decision Support System for Map Projections of Small Scale Data, Version 2.0","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051335","usgsCitation":"Finn, M.P., and Woodard, L.N., 2005, User's Guide for the Decision Support System for Map Projections of Small Scale Data, Version 2.0: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1335, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051335.","productDescription":"16 p.","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":194517,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7124,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://carto-research.er.usgs.gov/projection/pdf/DSS_User_Guide.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db604046","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finn, Michael P. 0000-0003-0415-2194 mfinn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0415-2194","contributorId":2657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"Michael","email":"mfinn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5047,"text":"NGTOC Denver","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woodard, Laura N.","contributorId":9733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodard","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":76123,"text":"ofr20051440 - 2005 - U.S. Geological Survey Chesapeake Bay Science Plan, 2006-2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:20","indexId":"ofr20051440","displayToPublicDate":"2006-03-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1440","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Chesapeake Bay Science Plan, 2006-2011","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051440","usgsCitation":"Phillips, S., 2005, U.S. Geological Survey Chesapeake Bay Science Plan, 2006-2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1440, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051440.","productDescription":"53 p.","numberOfPages":"53","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":7122,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://chesapeake.usgs.gov/USGSChesapeakeBayplan.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":194515,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2be4b07f02db613424","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phillips, Scott swphilli@usgs.gov","contributorId":3515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Scott","email":"swphilli@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":287078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":75813,"text":"ofr20051453 - 2005 - Locations and descriptions of gravity, box, and push cores collected in San Francisco Bay between January and February, 1990 and 1991","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-09T11:33:42","indexId":"ofr20051453","displayToPublicDate":"2006-03-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1453","title":"Locations and descriptions of gravity, box, and push cores collected in San Francisco Bay between January and February, 1990 and 1991","docAbstract":"A project to study San Francisco Bay sediments collected over 300 sediment gravity cores; six push cores, and three box cores in San Francisco Bay during the years 1990-91. The purpose of the sampling effort is to establish a database on the Holocene sediment history of the bay. The samples described and mapped are the first effort to catalog and present the data collected. Thus far the cores have been utilized in various cooperative studies with state colleges and universities, and other USGS divisions. These cores serve as a base for ongoing multidisciplinary studies. The sediment studies project has initiated subsequent coring efforts within the bay using refined coring techniques to attain deeper cores.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051453","usgsCitation":"Anima, R.J., Clifton, H.E., Reiss, C., and Wong, F.L., 2005, Locations and descriptions of gravity, box, and push cores collected in San Francisco Bay between January and February, 1990 and 1991 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1453, Report: v, 63 p.; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051453.","productDescription":"Report: v, 63 p.; Metadata","numberOfPages":"69","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194816,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051453.PNG"},{"id":7038,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1453/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":295141,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1453/of2005-1453_metadata.zip"},{"id":295140,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1453/of2005-1453.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a69e4b07f02db63bf62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anima, Roberto J.","contributorId":32499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anima","given":"Roberto","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clifton, H. Edward","contributorId":46503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clifton","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"Edward","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reiss, Carol","contributorId":105002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reiss","given":"Carol","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wong, Florence L. 0000-0002-3918-5896 fwong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3918-5896","contributorId":1990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"Florence","email":"fwong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":286973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":75803,"text":"ofr20051416 - 2005 - Argon dating at and near Medicine Lake volcano, California: Results and data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-21T21:35:12.457111","indexId":"ofr20051416","displayToPublicDate":"2006-03-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1416","title":"Argon dating at and near Medicine Lake volcano, California: Results and data","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051416","usgsCitation":"Donnelly-Nolan, J.M., and Lanphere, M.A., 2005, Argon dating at and near Medicine Lake volcano, California: Results and data (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1416, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051416.","productDescription":"37 p.","numberOfPages":"37","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194815,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":414512,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75835.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":6779,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1416/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Medicine Lake Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.64371490478516,\n 41.553554071897985\n ],\n [\n -121.5468978881836,\n 41.553554071897985\n ],\n [\n -121.5468978881836,\n 41.613902258359424\n ],\n [\n -121.64371490478516,\n 41.613902258359424\n ],\n [\n -121.64371490478516,\n 41.553554071897985\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672f80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Donnelly-Nolan, Julie M. 0000-0001-8714-9606 jdnolan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8714-9606","contributorId":3271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donnelly-Nolan","given":"Julie","email":"jdnolan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":286972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lanphere, Marvin A. alder@usgs.gov","contributorId":2696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanphere","given":"Marvin","email":"alder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":286971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":75773,"text":"ofr20051425 - 2005 - Global Positioning System measurements on the island of Hawai`i: 1997 through 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-18T22:37:51.154832","indexId":"ofr20051425","displayToPublicDate":"2006-03-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1425","title":"Global Positioning System measurements on the island of Hawai`i: 1997 through 2004","docAbstract":"This report summarizes GPS data and observations collected between 1997 and 2004 on the island of Hawai‘i with static surveying and continuously recording instruments.
\nOn Kīlauea, the long-term deformation field is dominated by steady southeastern velocities of more than 6 cm/year and uplift of about 2 cm/yr at stations on the south flank (with respect to a fixed Pacific Plate). Superimposed on this steady signal are transient displacements associated with magmatic intrusions, earthquakes, and aseismic slip events. The largest of these was the January 30, 1997 dike intrusion and eruption.
\nGPS instruments near Kīlauea’s summit also record numerous additional short-term fluctuations associated with variations in magma reservoir pressure and geometry. From mid-1997 through 2001, the dominant signal at the summit was deflationary, with maximum subsidence of ~5 cm/yr south of Kīlauea caldera. However, inflation of the magma system was observed from late 2001 to May 2002, and from mid-2003 through 2004. The east rift zone eruption continued at the Pu‘u ‘O‘o vent during the entire period of this report.
\nMauna Loa Volcano, which most recently erupted in 1984, showed low rates of contraction across the summit caldera and southeasterly motion of the southeast flank from 1997 until May 2002. Reinflation started abruptly in May 2002. Inflation contin ued through 2004, but at highly variable rates. Extension rates on a baseline across the summit caldera slowed in October 2002 and increased again starting in mid-2003. The most dramatic change during the inflation period, however, was a significant increase in extension rate on longer baselines, from the northwest to southeast flanks, in July 2004.
\nGPS measurements on Hualalai volcano show no significant motion relative to the Pacific Plate.
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