{"pageNumber":"1986","pageRowStart":"49625","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184658,"records":[{"id":98092,"text":"sir20095216 - 2009 - Analysis of Water-Quality Trends for Selected Streams in the Water Chemistry Monitoring Program, Michigan, 1998-2005 ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:29","indexId":"sir20095216","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5216","title":"Analysis of Water-Quality Trends for Selected Streams in the Water Chemistry Monitoring Program, Michigan, 1998-2005 ","docAbstract":"In 1998, the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality and the U.S. Geological Survey began a long-term monitoring program to evaluate the water quality of most watersheds in Michigan. Major goals of this Water-Chemistry Monitoring Program were to identify streams exceeding or not meeting State or Federal water-quality standards and to assess if constituent concentrations reflecting water quality in these streams were increasing or decreasing over time. As part of this program, water-quality data collected from 1998 to 2005 were analyzed to identify potential trends. Sixteen water-quality constituents were analyzed at 31 sites across Michigan, 28 of which had sufficient data to analyze for trends. Trend analysis on the various water-quality data was done using the uncensored Seasonal Kendall test within the computer program ESTREND. The most prevalent trend detected throughout the state was for chloride. Chloride trends were detected at 8 of the 28 sites; trends at 7 sites were increasing and the trend at 1 site was decreasing. Although no trends were detected for various nitrogen species or phosphorus, these constituents were detected at levels greater than the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recommendations for nutrients in water. The results of the trend analysis will help to establish a baseline to evaluate future changes in water quality in Michigan streams.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095216","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"Hoard, C.J., Fuller, L.M., and Fogarty, L., 2009, Analysis of Water-Quality Trends for Selected Streams in the Water Chemistry Monitoring Program, Michigan, 1998-2005 : U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5216, viii, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095216.","productDescription":"viii, 48 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1998-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125875,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5216.jpg"},{"id":13328,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5216/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91,41 ], [ -91,48 ], [ -82,48 ], [ -82,41 ], [ -91,41 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad0e4b07f02db680ae5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoard, C. J.","contributorId":37436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoard","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, Lori M. lmfuller@usgs.gov","contributorId":2100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Lori","email":"lmfuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":304124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fogarty, Lisa R.","contributorId":74074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fogarty","given":"Lisa R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":98090,"text":"ofr20091297 - 2009 - Compilation of Mineral Resource Data for Mississippi Valley-Type and Clastic-Dominated Sediment-Hosted Lead-Zinc Deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:47","indexId":"ofr20091297","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1297","title":"Compilation of Mineral Resource Data for Mississippi Valley-Type and Clastic-Dominated Sediment-Hosted Lead-Zinc Deposits","docAbstract":"This report contains a global compilation of the mineral resource data for sediment-hosted lead-zinc (SH Pb-Zn) deposits. Sediment-hosted lead-zinc deposits are historically the most significant sources of lead and zinc, and are mined throughout the world. The most important SH Pb-Zn deposits are hosted in clastic-dominated sedimentary rock sequences (CD Pb-Zn) that are traditionally called sedimentary exhalative (SEDEX) deposits, and those in carbonate-dominated sequences that are known as Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) Pb-Zn deposits. In this report, we do not include sandstone-Pb, sandstone-hosted Pb, or Pb-Zn vein districts such as those in Freiberg, Germany, or Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, because these deposits probably represent different deposit types (Leach and others, 2005). We do not include fracture-controlled deposits in which fluorite is dominant and barite typically abundant (for example, Central Kentucky; Hansonburg, N. Mex.) or the stratabound fluorite-rich, but also lead- and zinc-bearing deposits, such as those in southern Illinois, which are considered a genetic variant of carbonate-hosted Pb-Zn deposits (Leach and Sangster, 1993).\r\n\r\nThis report updates the Pb, Zn, copper (Cu), and silver (Ag) grade and tonnage data in Leach and others (2005), which itself was based on efforts in the Canadian Geological Survey World Minerals Geoscience Database Project (contributions of D.F. Sangster to Sinclair and others, 1999). New geological or geochronological data, classifications of the tectonic environment in which the deposits formed, and key references to the geology of the deposits are presented in our report. Data for 121 CD deposits, 113 MVT deposits, and 6 unclassified deposits that were previously classified as either SEDEX or MVT in the Leach and others (2005) compilation, are given in appendix table A1. In some cases, mineral resource data were available only for total district resources, but not for individual mines within the district. For these districts, the resource data are presented in appendix table A2. In addition, numerous figures (appendix figures B1-B9) displaying important grade-tonnage and geologic features are included.\r\n\r\nThese mineral deposit resource data are important for exploration targeting and mineral resource assessments. There is significant variability in the resource data for these deposit types, and ore controls vary from one region to another. Therefore, grade-tonnage estimations are best evaluated as subsets of the data in appendix table A1 where local mineralization styles and ore controls characterize the region being evaluated for grade-tonnage relations. Furthermore, consideration should also be given to the tendency for MVT resources to occur in large mineralized regions.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091297","usgsCitation":"Taylor, R.D., Leach, D.L., Bradley, D., and Pisarevsky, S.A., 2009, Compilation of Mineral Resource Data for Mississippi Valley-Type and Clastic-Dominated Sediment-Hosted Lead-Zinc Deposits: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1297, iii, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091297.","productDescription":"iii, 42 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":177,"text":"Central Region Mineral Resources Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125938,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2009_1297.jpg"},{"id":13324,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1297/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ee4b07f02db6aa045","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, Ryan D. 0000-0002-8845-5290 rtaylor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8845-5290","contributorId":3412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Ryan","email":"rtaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":304117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leach, David L.","contributorId":83902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leach","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradley, Dwight 0000-0001-9116-5289 bradleyorchard2@gmail.com","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-5289","contributorId":2358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Dwight","email":"bradleyorchard2@gmail.com","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":304116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pisarevsky, Sergei A.","contributorId":62315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pisarevsky","given":"Sergei","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70111598,"text":"70111598 - 2009 - Effect of water hardness and dissolved-solid concentration on hatching success and egg size in bighead carp","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-05T14:13:26","indexId":"70111598","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-05T14:01:14","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of water hardness and dissolved-solid concentration on hatching success and egg size in bighead carp","docAbstract":"Bighead carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis is an Asian species that has been introduced to the United States and is regarded as a highly undesirable invader. Soft water has been said to cause the bursting of Asian carp eggs and thus has been suggested as a factor that would limit the spread of this species. To evaluate this, we subjected fertilized eggs of bighead carp to waters with a wide range of hardness and dissolved-solid concentrations. Hatching rate and egg size were not significantly affected by the different water qualities. These results, combined with the low hardness (28–84 mg/L) of the Yangtze River (the primary natal habitat of Hypophthalmichthys spp.), suggest that managers and those performing risk assessments for the establishment of Hypophthalmichthys spp. should be cautious about treating low hardness and dissolved-solid concentrations as limiting factors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/T09-004.1","usgsCitation":"Chapman, D., and Deters, J.E., 2009, Effect of water hardness and dissolved-solid concentration on hatching success and egg size in bighead carp: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 138, no. 6, p. 1226-1231, https://doi.org/10.1577/T09-004.1.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1226","endPage":"1231","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476011,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1577/t09-004.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":288114,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288113,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T09-004.1"}],"volume":"138","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53919162e4b06f80638265c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapman, Duane 0000-0002-1086-8853 dchapman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-8853","contributorId":1291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Duane","email":"dchapman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Deters, Joseph E. jdeters@usgs.gov","contributorId":3240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deters","given":"Joseph","email":"jdeters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98088,"text":"sir20095231 - 2009 - Regression models to estimate real-time concentrations of selected constituents in two tributaries to Lake Houston near Houston, Texas, 2005-07","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-15T11:00:28","indexId":"sir20095231","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5231","title":"Regression models to estimate real-time concentrations of selected constituents in two tributaries to Lake Houston near Houston, Texas, 2005-07","docAbstract":"<p>In December 2005, the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the City of Houston, Texas, began collecting discrete water-quality samples for nutrients, total organic carbon, bacteria (total coliform and Escherichia coli), atrazine, and suspended sediment at two U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations upstream from Lake Houston near Houston (08068500 Spring Creek near Spring, Texas, and 08070200 East Fork San Jacinto River near New Caney, Texas). The data from the discrete water-quality samples collected during 2005-07, in conjunction with monitored real-time data already being collected - physical properties (specific conductance, pH, water temperature, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen), streamflow, and rainfall - were used to develop regression models for predicting water-quality constituent concentrations for inflows to Lake Houston. Rainfall data were obtained from a rain gage monitored by Harris County Homeland Security and Emergency Management and colocated with the Spring Creek station. The leaps and bounds algorithm was used to find the best subsets of possible regression models (minimum residual sum of squares for a given number of variables). The potential explanatory or predictive variables included discharge (streamflow), specific conductance, pH, water temperature, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, rainfall, and time (to account for seasonal variations inherent in some water-quality data). The response variables at each site were nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus, organic carbon, Escherichia coli, atrazine, and suspended sediment. The explanatory variables provide easily measured quantities as a means to estimate concentrations of the various constituents under investigation, with accompanying estimates of measurement uncertainty. Each regression equation can be used to estimate concentrations of a given constituent in real time. In conjunction with estimated concentrations, constituent loads were estimated by multiplying the estimated concentration by the corresponding streamflow and applying the appropriate conversion factor. By computing loads from estimated constituent concentrations, a continuous record of estimated loads can be available for comparison to total maximum daily loads. The regression equations presented in this report are site specific to the Spring Creek and East Fork San Jacinto River streamflow-gaging stations; however, the methods that were developed and documented could be applied to other tributaries to Lake Houston for estimating real-time water-quality data for streams entering Lake Houston.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20095231","isbn":"9781411326286","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Houston","usgsCitation":"Oden, T., Asquith, W.H., and Milburn, M.S., 2009, Regression models to estimate real-time concentrations of selected constituents in two tributaries to Lake Houston near Houston, Texas, 2005-07: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5231, vi, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095231.","productDescription":"vi, 44 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125870,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5231.jpg"},{"id":326480,"rank":101,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5231/pdf/sir2009-5231.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.0 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":13322,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5231/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96.25,29.75 ], [ -96.25,31 ], [ -94.75,31 ], [ -94.75,29.75 ], [ -96.25,29.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db634da9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oden, Timothy D. toden@usgs.gov","contributorId":1284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oden","given":"Timothy D.","email":"toden@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":304112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Asquith, William H. 0000-0002-7400-1861 wasquith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-1861","contributorId":1007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"William","email":"wasquith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":304111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Milburn, Matthew S.","contributorId":53896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milburn","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":98087,"text":"sir20095248 - 2009 - The Water Availability Tool for Environmental Resources (WATER):  A water-budget modeling approach for managing water-supply resources in non-karst areas of Kentucky (phase I) —  Data processing and model structure documentstion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-15T21:02:47.973093","indexId":"sir20095248","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5248","title":"The Water Availability Tool for Environmental Resources (WATER):  A water-budget modeling approach for managing water-supply resources in non-karst areas of Kentucky (phase I) —  Data processing and model structure documentstion","docAbstract":"The Water Availability Tool for Environmental Resources (WATER) was developed in cooperation with the Kentucky Division of Water to provide a consistent and defensible method of estimating streamflow and water availability in ungaged basins. WATER is process oriented; it is based on the TOPMODEL code and incorporates historical water-use data together with physiographic data that quantitatively describe topography and soil-water storage. The result is a user-friendly decision tool that can estimate water availability in non-karst areas of Kentucky without additional data or processing. The model runs on a daily time step, and critical source data include a historical record of daily temperature and precipitation, digital elevation models (DEMs), the Soil Survey Geographic Database (SSURGO), and historical records of water discharges and withdrawals. The model was calibrated and statistically evaluated for 12 basins by comparing the estimated discharge to that observed at U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations. When statistically evaluated over a 2,119-day time period, the discharge estimates showed a bias of -0.29 to 0.42, a root mean square error of 1.66 to 5.06, a correlation of 0.54 to 0.85, and a Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency of 0.26 to 0.72. The parameter and input modifications that most significantly improved the accuracy and precision of streamflow-discharge estimates were the addition of Next Generation radar (NEXRAD) precipitation data, a rooting depth of 30 centimeters, and a TOPMODEL scaling parameter (m) derived directly from SSURGO data that was multiplied by an adjustment factor of 0.10. No site-specific optimization was used.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095248","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Kentucky Division of Water","usgsCitation":"Williamson, T., Odom, K.R., Newson, J.K., Downs, A.C., Nelson, H.L., Cinotto, P.J., and Ayers, M.A., 2009, The Water Availability Tool for Environmental Resources (WATER):  A water-budget modeling approach for managing water-supply resources in non-karst areas of Kentucky (phase I) —  Data processing and model structure documentstion: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5248, vi, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095248.","productDescription":"vi, 34 p.","costCenters":[{"id":354,"text":"Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125858,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5248.jpg"},{"id":392968,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index 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,{"id":70058712,"text":"70058712 - 2009 - A topographic feature taxonomy for a U.S. national topographic mapping ontology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-21T11:01:40","indexId":"70058712","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T14:52:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"A topographic feature taxonomy for a U.S. national topographic mapping ontology","docAbstract":"<p>Using legacy feature lists from the U.S. National Topographic Mapping Program of the \ntwentieth century, a taxonomy of features is presented for purposes of developing a \nnational topographic feature ontology for geographic mapping and analysis. After \nreviewing published taxonomic classifications, six basic classes are suggested; terrain, \nsurface water, ecological regimes, built-up areas, divisions, and events. Aspects of \nontology development are suggested as the taxonomy is described.</p>","largerWorkTitle":"24th International Cartographic Conference","conferenceTitle":"24th International Cartographic Conference","conferenceDate":"2009-11-15T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Santiago, Chile","language":"English","publisher":"International Cartographic Association","usgsCitation":"Varanka, D.E., 2009, A topographic feature taxonomy for a U.S. national topographic mapping ontology, 11 p.","productDescription":"11 p.","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-014211","costCenters":[{"id":383,"text":"Mid-Continent Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289345,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b3d861e4b07c5f79a7f326","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Varanka, Dalia E. 0000-0003-2857-9600 dvaranka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2857-9600","contributorId":1296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varanka","given":"Dalia","email":"dvaranka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70046818,"text":"70046818 - 2009 - USGS standard quadrangle maps for emergency response","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-02T13:43:40","indexId":"70046818","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T13:32:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"USGS standard quadrangle maps for emergency response","docAbstract":"<p>The 1:24,000-scale topographic quadrangle was the primary product of the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) National Mapping Program from 1947-1992.  This map series includes about 54,000 map sheets for the conterminous United States, and is the only uniform map series ever produced that covers this area at such a large scale.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>This map series partially was revised under several programs, starting as early as 1968, but these programs were not adequate to keep the series current.  Through the 1990s the emphasis of the USGS mapping program shifted away from topographic maps and toward more specialized digital data products.  Topographic map revision dropped off rapidly after 1999, and stopped completely by 2004.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Since 2001, emergency-response and homeland security requirement have revived the question of whether a standard national topographic series is needed.  Emergencies such as Hurricane Katrina in 2005 and California wildfires in 2007-08 demonstrated that familiar maps are important to first responders.  Maps that have a standard scale, extent, and grids help reduce confusion and save time in emergencies.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Traditional maps are designed to allow the human brain to quickly process large amounts of information, and depend on artistic layout and design that cannot be fully automated.  In spite of technical advances, creating a traditional, general-purpose topographic map is still expensive.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Although the content and layout of traditional topographic maps probably is still desirable, the preferred packaging and delivery of maps has changed.  Digital image files are now desired by most users, but to be useful to the emergency-response community, these files must be easy to view and easy to print without specialized geographic information system expertise or software.</p>","largerWorkTitle":"Annual Association of American Geographers Meeting","conferenceTitle":"Association of American Geographers Annual Meeting","conferenceDate":"2009-03-22T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Las Vegas, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Annual Association of American Geographers Meeting","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Moore, L.R., 2009, USGS standard quadrangle maps for emergency response, p. 35-39.","productDescription":"p. 35-39","numberOfPages":"5","ipdsId":"IP-009495","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289390,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b7b277e4b0388651d9196d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, Laurence R. 0000-0001-9678-7183 lmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9678-7183","contributorId":2057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Laurence","email":"lmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5047,"text":"NGTOC Denver","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70046864,"text":"70046864 - 2009 - Using a coupled groundwater/surface-water model to predict climate-change impacts to lakes in the Trout Lake Watershed, northern Wisconsin","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70046864,"text":"70046864 - 2009 - Using a coupled groundwater/surface-water model to predict climate-change impacts to lakes in the Trout Lake Watershed, northern Wisconsin","indexId":"70046864","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"title":"Using a coupled groundwater/surface-water model to predict climate-change impacts to lakes in the Trout Lake Watershed, northern Wisconsin"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":97928,"text":"sir20095049 - 2009 - Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation","indexId":"sir20095049","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"title":"Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":97928,"text":"sir20095049 - 2009 - Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation","indexId":"sir20095049","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"title":"Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation"},"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-18T16:10:55","indexId":"70046864","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T11:49:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"seriesNumber":"2009-5049","title":"Using a coupled groundwater/surface-water model to predict climate-change impacts to lakes in the Trout Lake Watershed, northern Wisconsin","docAbstract":"<p>A major focus of the U.S. Geological Survey&rsquo;s Trout Lake Water, Energy, and Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB) project is the development of a watershed model to allow predictions of hydrologic response to future conditions including land-use and climate change. The coupled groundwater/surface-water model GSFLOW was chosen for this purpose because it could easily incorporate an existing groundwater flow model and it provides for simulation of surface-water processes.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>The Trout Lake watershed in northern Wisconsin is underlain by a highly conductive outwash sand aquifer. In this area, streamflow is dominated by groudwater contributions, however, surface runoff occurs during intense rainfall periods and spring snowmelt. Surface runoff also occurs locally near stream/lake areas where the unsaturated zone is thin. A diverse data set, collected from 1992 to 2007 for the Trout Lake WEBB project and the co-located and NSF-funded North Temperate Lake LTER project, includes snowpack, solar radiation, potential evapotranspiration, lake levels, groundwater levels, and streamflow. The time-series processing software TSPROC (Doherty 2001)was used to distill the large time series data set to a smaller set of observations and summary statistics that captured the salient hydrologic information. The time-series processing reduced hundreds of thousands of observations to less than 5,000. Model calibration included specific predictions for several lakes in the study area using the PEST parameter estimation suit of software (Doherty 2007). The calibrated model was used to simulate the hydrologic response in the study lakes to a variety of climate change scenarios culled from the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (Solomon et al. 2007). Results from the simulations indicate climate change could result in substantial changes to the lake levels and components of the hydrologic budget of a seepage lake in the flow system. For a drainage lake lower in the flow system, the impacts of climate change are diminished.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Planning for an uncertain future - monitoring, integration, and adaptation (SIR 2009-5049)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"conferenceTitle":"3rd interagency conference on research in the watersheds: planning for an uncertain future: monitoring, integration, and adaptation","conferenceDate":"8-11 September, 2008","conferenceLocation":"Estes Park, CO","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Hunt, R., Walker, J.F., Markstrom, S., Hay, L.E., and Doherty, J., 2009, Using a coupled groundwater/surface-water model to predict climate-change impacts to lakes in the Trout Lake Watershed, northern Wisconsin, <i>in</i> Planning for an uncertain future - monitoring, integration, and adaptation (SIR 2009-5049), Estes Park, CO, 8-11 September, 2008, p. 155-161.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"161","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-009788","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289370,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":326855,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5049/pdf/SIR09-5049.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Trout Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -89.703926,46.012934 ], [ -89.703926,46.079112 ], [ -89.646771,46.079112 ], [ -89.646771,46.012934 ], [ -89.703926,46.012934 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b7b27ee4b0388651d9198c","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Webb, Richard M. T. 0000-0001-9531-2207","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9531-2207","contributorId":35772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Richard M. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646256,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Semmens, Darius J. 0000-0001-7924-6529 dsemmens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7924-6529","contributorId":1714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Semmens","given":"Darius","email":"dsemmens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":646257,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":16118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walker, John F. jfwalker@usgs.gov","contributorId":1081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"John","email":"jfwalker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Markstrom, Steven L. 0000-0001-7630-9547 markstro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7630-9547","contributorId":1986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markstrom","given":"Steven L.","email":"markstro@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":480495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hay, Lauren E. 0000-0003-3763-4595 lhay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3763-4595","contributorId":1287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"Lauren","email":"lhay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Doherty, John","contributorId":43843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doherty","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70104212,"text":"70104212 - 2009 - Hindcasting of decadal‐timescale estuarine bathymetric change with a tidal‐timescale model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-13T09:07:41","indexId":"70104212","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T09:00:28","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hindcasting of decadal‐timescale estuarine bathymetric change with a tidal‐timescale model","docAbstract":"Hindcasting decadal-timescale bathymetric change in estuaries is prone to error due to limited data for initial conditions, boundary forcing, and calibration; computational limitations further hinder efforts. We developed and calibrated a tidal-timescale model to bathymetric change in Suisun Bay, California, over the 1867–1887 period. A general, multiple-timescale calibration ensured robustness over all timescales; two input reduction methods, the morphological hydrograph and the morphological acceleration factor, were applied at the decadal timescale. The model was calibrated to net bathymetric change in the entire basin; average error for bathymetric change over individual depth ranges was 37%. On a model cell-by-cell basis, performance for spatial amplitude correlation was poor over the majority of the domain, though spatial phase correlation was better, with 61% of the domain correctly indicated as erosional or depositional. Poor agreement was likely caused by the specification of initial bed composition, which was unknown during the 1867–1887 period. Cross-sectional bathymetric change between channels and flats, driven primarily by wind wave resuspension, was modeled with higher skill than longitudinal change, which is driven in part by gravitational circulation. The accelerated response of depth may have prevented gravitational circulation from being represented properly. As performance criteria became more stringent in a spatial sense, the error of the model increased. While these methods are useful for estimating basin-scale sedimentation changes, they may not be suitable for predicting specific locations of erosion or deposition. They do, however, provide a foundation for realistic estuarine geomorphic modeling applications.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Amercan Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2008JF001191","usgsCitation":"Ganju, N., Schoellhamer, D., and Jaffe, B.E., 2009, Hindcasting of decadal‐timescale estuarine bathymetric change with a tidal‐timescale model: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 114, no. F4, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JF001191.","productDescription":"15 p.","numberOfPages":"15","temporalStart":"1866-12-31","temporalEnd":"1887-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-003086","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476012,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/3105","text":"External Repository"},{"id":287069,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287063,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JF001191"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Suisun Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.75,37.75 ], [ -122.75,38.25 ], [ -121.75,38.25 ], [ -121.75,37.75 ], [ -122.75,37.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"114","issue":"F4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53733efae4b0497061278906","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ganju, Neil K. 0000-0002-1096-0465","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-0465","contributorId":93543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganju","given":"Neil K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce E. 0000-0002-8816-5920 bjaffe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-5920","contributorId":2049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce","email":"bjaffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70043493,"text":"70043493 - 2009 - Lysimetric Evaluation of Simplified Surface Energy Balance Approach in the Texas High Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-07T21:40:33","indexId":"70043493","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":833,"text":"Applied Engineering in Agriculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lysimetric Evaluation of Simplified Surface Energy Balance Approach in the Texas High Plains","docAbstract":"Numerous energy balance (EB) algorithms have been developed to make use of remote sensing data to estimate evapotranspiration (ET) regionally. However, most EB models are complex to use and efforts are being made to simplify procedures mainly through the scaling of reference ET. The Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) is one such method. This approach has never been evaluated using measured ET data. In this study, the SSEB approach was applied to fourteen Landsat TM images covering a major portion of the Southern High Plains that were acquired during 2006 and 2007 cropping seasons. Performance of the SSEB was evaluated by comparing estimated ET with measured daily ET from four large monolithic lysimeters at the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Research Laboratory, Bushland, Texas. Statistical evaluation of results indicated that the SSEB accounted for 84% of the variability in the measured ET values with a slope and intercept of 0.75 and 1.1 mm d-1, respectively. Considering the minimal amount of ancillary data required and excellent performance in predicting daily ET, the SSEB approach is a promising tool for mapping ET in the semiarid Texas High Plains and in other parts of the world with similar hydro-climatic conditions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Engineering in Agriculture","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Senay, G.B., Gowda, P., Howell, T., and Marek, T., 2009, Lysimetric Evaluation of Simplified Surface Energy Balance Approach in the Texas High Plains: Applied Engineering in Agriculture, v. 25, no. 5, p. 665-669.","startPage":"665","endPage":"669","ipdsId":"IP-021547","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270644,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270643,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://naldc.nal.usda.gov/download/37867/PDF"}],"country":"United States","volume":"25","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5162956ee4b0c25842758cff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":3114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gowda, P.H.","contributorId":63652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gowda","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howell, T.A.","contributorId":57694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howell","given":"T.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marek, T.H.","contributorId":38815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marek","given":"T.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70042233,"text":"70042233 - 2009 - Hatch Timing Variations Among Reservoir Gizzard Shad Populations:  Implications for Stocked Sander spp. Fingerlings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-16T06:48:46","indexId":"70042233","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hatch Timing Variations Among Reservoir Gizzard Shad Populations:  Implications for Stocked Sander spp. Fingerlings","docAbstract":"Growth and survival of stocked Sander spp. fingerlings can be influenced by timing of stocking in relation to the peak in density of larval gizzard shad Dorosoma cepedianum. However, coordinating stockings to coincide with peaks in gizzard shad density is difficult due to temporal variation in spawn timing among reservoirs. We used weekly estimates of larval gizzard shad density and length distributions to identify dates of peak hatching and peak total density in Ohio reservoirs and to explore the influence of spring water temperature regimes on timing of peak larval density. Gizzard shad density peaked over 21–32 d among reservoirs but generally varied by 12 d or less among years for any given population. Density peaks were driven by hatching, as larvae smaller than 10 mm accounted for a majority of the gizzard shad collected on the peak date. Peaks in gizzard shad density corresponded to water temperatures of 17–22°C and occurred most frequently when water temperatures had been stable or rising. Reservoirs in the southern portion of the state were 2–5°C warmer than northern reservoirs throughout the spring; thus, gizzard shad spawning and date of peak larval density were earliest in southern reservoirs and became progressively later for populations in more northerly reservoirs. Historical stocking dates for fingerling walleyes S. vitreus and saugeyes (sauger S. canadensis × walleye) in Ohio reservoirs indicated that southern reservoirs were often stocked after the expected peak in gizzard shad density and northern reservoirs were stocked before the peak. A statewide approach to stocking that incorporates latitudinal variations in gizzard shad hatch timing whereby southern reservoirs are stocked earliest would better align stockings with peak gizzard shad density, potentially improving survival of fingerling walleyes and saugeyes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1577/M08-141.1","usgsCitation":"Zweifela, R.D., Bunnell, D., Bremiganc, M.T., and Hale, R.S., 2009, Hatch Timing Variations Among Reservoir Gizzard Shad Populations:  Implications for Stocked Sander spp. Fingerlings: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 29, no. 2, p. 488-494, https://doi.org/10.1577/M08-141.1.","startPage":"488","endPage":"494","ipdsId":"IP-007467","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267608,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267607,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M08-141.1"}],"country":"United States","volume":"29","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5120b895e4b0e93254cd754f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zweifela, Richard D.","contributorId":59322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zweifela","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bunnell, David B.","contributorId":14360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunnell","given":"David B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bremiganc, Mary T.","contributorId":104791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bremiganc","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hale, R. Scott","contributorId":104868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hale","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70161856,"text":"70161856 - 2009 - 2008 Spawning Cisco Investigations in the Canadian Waters of Lake Superior","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-23T14:48:40","indexId":"70161856","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"2008 Spawning Cisco Investigations in the Canadian Waters of Lake Superior","docAbstract":"<p>The Great Lakes Science Center of the United States Geological Survey (USGS) is working cooperatively with the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR) on a threeyear study to develop standard procedures for acoustic and midwater trawl (AC-MT) assessments of spawning cisco Coregonus artedi that the OMNR can carry forward as a management activity. In year two (2008), we conducted an AC-MT survey of the northern shore from Nipigon Bay to Thunder Bay. Spawning-cisco (&gt; 250 mm total length) densities were lowest near Nipigon Bay (&lt;10/ha), moderate in and around Black Bay (15- 30/ha), and highest in Thunder Bay (118/ha). Rainbow smelt Osmerus mordax densities were highest in Nipigon (2,179/ha) and Black (3,219/ha) bays, and lowest in Thunder Bay (961/ha). We combined our AC-MT survey results with commercial catch records to estimate exploitation fractions of female cisco in Thunder Bay during the 2008 fishery at 4% for ages 1-5, 8.7% for ages 6-12, and 4.4% for ages &ge; 13. Lake Superior fishery managers recently recommended that annual exploitation of adult female lake cisco be kept below 10-15%. Recruitment of cisco since 2003 has been low and there is a strong probability the Thunder Bay stock will decline into the future. Using a simple population dynamics approach we estimated that if the current total allowable catch (TAC) quota is held constant, exploitation fractions could exceed 10% by 2010 and 15% by 2011. Our 2008 collections suggested the survey of Black Bay was likely conducted before all spawners had returned there to spawn. Our data also suggested that cisco collected in Black Bay and east of this site in mid-November may be from the same stock. During November 2009 we will attempt to get better definition of the area occupied by cisco around Black Bay and also determine when surveys should be conducted at this location.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70161856","usgsCitation":"Yule, D., Addison, P.A., Evrard, L.M., Cullis, K.I., and Cholwek, G.A., 2009, 2008 Spawning Cisco Investigations in the Canadian Waters of Lake Superior, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70161856.","productDescription":"47 p.","numberOfPages":"47","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-014726","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324306,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":313995,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.glsc.usgs.gov/products/reports/1970178148"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576d082ce4b07657d1a37543","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yule, Daniel 0000-0002-0117-5115 dyule@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0117-5115","contributorId":139532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yule","given":"Daniel","email":"dyule@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":587943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Addison, Peter A.","contributorId":105987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Addison","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evrard, Lori M. 0000-0001-8582-5818 levrard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8582-5818","contributorId":2720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evrard","given":"Lori","email":"levrard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":587945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cullis, Ken I.","contributorId":150786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cullis","given":"Ken","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":13173,"text":"Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Upper Great Lakes Management Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":587948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cholwek, Gary A. gcholwek@usgs.gov","contributorId":2719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cholwek","given":"Gary","email":"gcholwek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":587944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70043368,"text":"70043368 - 2009 - Geochemical Evolution of Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-10T11:46:29","indexId":"70043368","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":866,"text":"Aquatic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical Evolution of Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA","docAbstract":"\"The Great Salt Lake (GSL) of Utah, USA, is the largest saline lake in North\nAmerica, and its brines are some of the most concentrated anywhere in the world. The lake\noccupies a closed basin system whose chemistry reflects solute inputs from the weathering\nof a diverse suite of rocks in its drainage basin. GSL is the remnant of a much larger\nlacustrine body, Lake Bonneville, and it has a long history of carbonate deposition. Inflow\nto the lake is from three major rivers that drain mountain ranges to the east and empty into\nthe southern arm of the lake, from precipitation directly on the lake, and from minor\ngroundwater inflow. Outflow is by evaporation. The greatest solute inputs are from calcium\nbicarbonate river waters mixed with sodium chloride-type springs and groundwaters. Prior\nto 1930 the lake concentration inversely tracked lake volume, which reflected climatic\nvariation in the drainage, but since then salt precipitation and re-solution, primarily halite\nand mirabilite, have periodically modified lake-brine chemistry through density stratification\nand compositional differentiation. In addition, construction of a railway causeway\nhas restricted circulation, nearly isolating the northern from the southern part of the lake,\nleading to halite precipitation in the north. These and other conditions have created brine\ndifferentiation, mixing, and fractional precipitation of salts as major factors in solute\nevolution. Pore fluids and diagenetic reactions have been identified as important sources\nand especially sinks for CaCO3, Mg, and K in the lake, depending on the concentration\ngradient and clays.\"","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aquatic Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10498-008-9047-y","usgsCitation":"Jones, B.F., Naftz, D.L., Spencer, R.J., and Oviatt, C., 2009, Geochemical Evolution of Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA: Aquatic Geochemistry, v. 15, no. 1-2, p. 95-121, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10498-008-9047-y.","startPage":"95","endPage":"121","numberOfPages":"26","ipdsId":"IP-010605","costCenters":[{"id":146,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Eastern Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269005,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269003,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/nrp/proj.bib/Publications/2009/jones_naftz_etal_2009.pdf"},{"id":269004,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10498-008-9047-y"}],"country":"United States","volume":"15","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5ab0e4b0b290850f9888","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Blair F. bfjones@usgs.gov","contributorId":2784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Blair","email":"bfjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Naftz, David L. 0000-0003-1130-6892 dlnaftz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1130-6892","contributorId":1041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naftz","given":"David","email":"dlnaftz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spencer, Ronald J.","contributorId":62480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spencer","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oviatt, Charles G.","contributorId":13503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oviatt","given":"Charles G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70042387,"text":"70042387 - 2009 - Predicting organic floc transport dynamics in shallow aquatic ecosystems: Insights from the field, the laboratory, and numerical modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-31T13:44:48.1487","indexId":"70042387","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting organic floc transport dynamics in shallow aquatic ecosystems: Insights from the field, the laboratory, and numerical modeling","docAbstract":"<p><span>Transport of particulate organic material can impact watershed sediment and nutrient budgets and can alter the geomorphologic evolution of shallow aquatic environments. Prediction of organic aggregate (“floc”) transport in these environments requires knowledge of how hydraulics and biota affect the entrainment, settling, and aggregation of particles. This study evaluated the aggregation and field transport dynamics of organic floc from a low‐gradient floodplain wetland with flow‐parallel ridges and sloughs in the Florida Everglades. Floc dynamics were evaluated in a rotating annular flume and in situ in the field. Under present managed conditions in the Everglades, floc is not entrained by mean flows but is suspended via biological production in the water column and bioturbation. Aggregation was a significant process affecting Everglades floc at high flume flow velocities (7.0 cm s</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) and during recovery from high flow; disaggregation was not significant for the tested flows. During moderate flows when floc dynamics are hydrodynamically controlled, it is possible to model floc transport using a single “operative floc diameter” that accurately predicts fluxes downstream and to the bed. In contrast, during high flows and recovery from high flows, aggregation dynamics should be simulated. When entrained by flow in open‐water sloughs, Everglades floc will be transported downstream in multiple deposition and reentrainment events but will undergo net settling when transported onto ridges of emergent vegetation. We hypothesize that net transport of material from open to vegetated areas during high flows is critical for forming and maintaining distinctive topographic patterning in the Everglades and other low‐gradient floodplains.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2008WR007221","usgsCitation":"Harvey, J.W., Noe, G., Larsen, L., and Crimaldi, J.P., 2009, Predicting organic floc transport dynamics in shallow aquatic ecosystems: Insights from the field, the laboratory, and numerical modeling: Water Resources Research, v. 45, no. 1, W01411, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR007221.","productDescription":"W01411, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-004645","costCenters":[{"id":146,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Eastern Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476025,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008wr007221","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":270748,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51653872e4b077fa94dae010","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harvey, Judson W. 0000-0002-2654-9873 jwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2654-9873","contributorId":1796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Judson","email":"jwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":471440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noe, Gregory B. 0000-0002-6661-2646 gnoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-2646","contributorId":2332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"Gregory","email":"gnoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":471441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Larsen, Laurel G.","contributorId":42111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"Laurel G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crimaldi, John P.","contributorId":58918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crimaldi","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70042324,"text":"70042324 - 2009 - Maximum length and age of round gobies (<i>Apollonia melanostomus</i>) in Lake Huron","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-21T13:02:51","indexId":"70042324","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2299,"text":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Maximum length and age of round gobies (<i>Apollonia melanostomus</i>) in Lake Huron","docAbstract":"<p>The round goby (<i>Apollonia [Neogobius] melanostomus</i>,) an invasive species, is generally smaller and shorter-lived in the Great Lakes than it native range. We examined 30 large male round gobies from trawl samples taken in Lake Huron and used otoliths to determine their age and back-calculated growth. Standard lengths ranged from 76 to 97 mm, and the oldest fish were age-5. Low water temperatures in nearshore regions of Lake Huron might cause slow growth and late maturation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oikos Publishers","doi":"10.1080/02705060.2009.9664278","usgsCitation":"French, J.R., and Black, M.G., 2009, Maximum length and age of round gobies (<i>Apollonia melanostomus</i>) in Lake Huron: Journal of Freshwater Ecology, v. 24, no. 1, p. 173-175, https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2009.9664278.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"173","endPage":"175","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-007642","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476018,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2009.9664278","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":267983,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Lake Huron","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84.232177734375,\n              45.67548217560647\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.05639648437499,\n              45.79050946752472\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.78173828125,\n              45.706179285330855\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.3203125,\n              45.506346901083425\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.045654296875,\n              45.0657615477031\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.59521484375,\n              44.36313311380771\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.474365234375,\n              44.08758502824516\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.41943359375,\n              43.8503744993026\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.474365234375,\n              43.628123412124616\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.60620117187499,\n              43.54854811091286\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.79296874999999,\n              43.82660134505382\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.8369140625,\n              44.040218713142146\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.96875,\n              43.91372326852401\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.419189453125,\n              43.67581809328341\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.583984375,\n              43.52465500687185\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.91357421875,\n              43.683763524273346\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.968505859375,\n              43.96909818325171\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.748779296875,\n              44.190082025040525\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.56201171875,\n              44.39454219215587\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.419189453125,\n              44.61393394730626\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.419189453125,\n              44.902577996288876\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.594970703125,\n              45.1433047394883\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.8916015625,\n              45.32897866218559\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.144287109375,\n              45.40616374516014\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.232177734375,\n              45.67548217560647\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5129f336e4b04edf7e93f916","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"French, John R. P. III","contributorId":107635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"John","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"R. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":535400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Black, M. Glen gblack@usgs.gov","contributorId":2394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Black","given":"M.","email":"gblack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Glen","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":471272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70042388,"text":"70042388 - 2009 - Multi-scale measurements and modeling of denitrification in streams with varying flow and nitrate concentration in the upper Mississippi River basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-05T09:50:25","indexId":"70042388","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multi-scale measurements and modeling of denitrification in streams with varying flow and nitrate concentration in the upper Mississippi River basin, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Denitrification is an important net sink for NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span> in streams, but direct measurements are limited and in situ controlling factors are not well known. We measured denitrification at multiple scales over a range of flow conditions and NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span> concentrations in streams draining agricultural land in the upper Mississippi River basin. Comparisons of reach-scale measurements (in-stream mass transport and tracer tests) with local-scale in situ measurements (pore-water profiles, benthic chambers) and laboratory data (sediment core microcosms) gave evidence for heterogeneity in factors affecting benthic denitrification both temporally (e.g., seasonal variation in NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span> concentrations and loads, flood-related disruption and re-growth of benthic communities and organic deposits) and spatially (e.g., local stream morphology and sediment characteristics). When expressed as vertical denitrification flux per unit area of streambed (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">U</i><sub>denit</sub><span>, in μmol&nbsp;N&nbsp;m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;h</span><sup>−1</sup><span>), results of different methods for a given set of conditions commonly were in agreement within a factor of 2–3. At approximately constant temperature (~20&nbsp;±&nbsp;4°C) and with minimal benthic disturbance, our aggregated data indicated an overall positive relation between </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">U</i><sub>denit</sub><span> (~0–4,000&nbsp;μmol&nbsp;N&nbsp;m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;h</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) and stream NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>concentration (~20–1,100&nbsp;μmol&nbsp;L</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) representing seasonal variation from spring high flow (high NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>) to late summer low flow (low NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>). The temporal dependence of </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">U</i><sub>denit</sub><span> on NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>was less than first-order and could be described about equally well with power-law or saturation equations (e.g., for the unweighted dataset, </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">U</i><sub>denit</sub><span>&nbsp;≈26&nbsp;*&nbsp;[NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>]</span><sup>0.44</sup><span> or </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">U</i><sub>denit</sub><span>≈640&nbsp;*&nbsp;[NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>]/[180&nbsp;+&nbsp;NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>]; for a partially weighted dataset, </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">U</i><sub>denit</sub><span>&nbsp;≈14&nbsp;*&nbsp;[NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>]</span><sup>0.54</sup><span> or </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">U</i><sub>denit</sub><span>&nbsp;≈700&nbsp;*&nbsp;[NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>]/[320&nbsp;+&nbsp;NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>]). Similar parameters were derived from a recent spatial comparison of stream denitrification extending to lower NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span> concentrations (LINX2), and from the combined dataset from both studies over 3 orders of magnitude in NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>concentration. Hypothetical models based on our results illustrate: (1) </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">U</i><sub>denit</sub><span> was inversely related to denitrification rate constant (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">k</i><span>1</span><sub>denit</sub><span>, in day</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) and vertical transfer velocity (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">v</i><sub>f,denit</sub><span>, in m day</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) at seasonal and possibly event time scales; (2) although </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">k</i><span>1</span><sub>denit</sub><span> was relatively large at low flow (low NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>), its impact on annual loads was relatively small because higher concentrations and loads at high flow were not fully compensated by increases in </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">U</i><sub>denit</sub><span>; and (3) although NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span> assimilation and denitrification were linked through production of organic reactants, rates of NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span> loss by these processes may have been partially decoupled by changes in flow and sediment transport. Whereas </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">k</i><span>1</span><sub>denit</sub><span> and </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">v</i><sub>f,denit</sub><span> are linked implicitly with stream depth, NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span> concentration, and(or) NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span> load, estimates of </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">U</i><sub>denit</sub><span> may be related more directly to field factors (including NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span> concentration) affecting denitrification rates in benthic sediments. Regional regressions and simulations of benthic denitrification in stream networks might be improved by including a non-linear relation between </span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">U</i><sub>denit</sub><span> and stream NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>concentration and accounting for temporal variation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10533-008-9282-8","usgsCitation":"Bohlke, J., Antweiler, R.C., Harvey, J.W., Laursen, A.E., Smith, L.K., Smith, R.L., and Voytek, M.A., 2009, Multi-scale measurements and modeling of denitrification in streams with varying flow and nitrate concentration in the upper Mississippi River basin, USA: Biogeochemistry, v. 93, no. 1, p. 117-141, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-008-9282-8.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"141","ipdsId":"IP-008428","costCenters":[{"id":146,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Eastern Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476016,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-008-9282-8","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":270742,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10533-008-9282-8"},{"id":270743,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-01-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5165386ce4b077fa94dadfc3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bohlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":191103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J.K.","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":471448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Antweiler, Ronald C. 0000-0001-5652-6034 antweil@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5652-6034","contributorId":1481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antweiler","given":"Ronald","email":"antweil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":471444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harvey, Judson W. 0000-0002-2654-9873 jwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2654-9873","contributorId":1796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Judson","email":"jwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":471446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Laursen, Andrew E.","contributorId":99783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laursen","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Lesley K.","contributorId":82657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Lesley","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, Richard L. 0000-0002-3829-0125 rlsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3829-0125","contributorId":1592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"rlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":471445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Voytek, Mary A.","contributorId":91943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voytek","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70042721,"text":"70042721 - 2009 - Desert Dust Storm Microbiology:  Issues in Planetary Health","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-15T18:16:24","indexId":"70042721","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Desert Dust Storm Microbiology:  Issues in Planetary Health","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Yearbook of Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"McGraw-Hill","isbn":"978-007-160562-5","usgsCitation":"Griffin, D.W., 2009, Desert Dust Storm Microbiology:  Issues in Planetary Health, chap. <i>of</i> Yearbook of Science and Technology, p. 1-3.","startPage":"1","endPage":"3","numberOfPages":"3","ipdsId":"IP-005791","costCenters":[{"id":288,"text":"Florida Water Science Center-Tallahassee","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267590,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"511f6711e4b03b29402c5dc4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Griffin, Dale W. 0000-0003-1719-5812 dgriffin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1719-5812","contributorId":2178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Dale","email":"dgriffin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70043324,"text":"70043324 - 2009 - A simple technique for continuous measurement of time-variable gas transfer in surface waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-03T10:36:42","indexId":"70043324","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2622,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A simple technique for continuous measurement of time-variable gas transfer in surface waters","docAbstract":"Mass balance models of dissolved gases in streams, lakes, and rivers serve as the basis for estimating wholeecosystem rates for various biogeochemical processes. Rates of gas exchange between water and the atmosphere are important and error-prone components of these models. Here we present a simple and efficient modification of the SF6 gas tracer approach that can be used concurrently while collecting other dissolved gas samples for dissolved gas mass balance studies in streams. It consists of continuously metering SF6-saturated water directly into the stream at a low rate of flow. This approach has advantages over pulse injection of aqueous solutions or bubbling large amounts of SF6 into the stream. By adding the SF6 as a saturated solution, we minimize the possibility that other dissolved gas measurements are affected by sparging and/or bubble injecta. Because the SF6 is added continuously we have a record of changing gas transfer velocity (GTV) that is contemporaneous with the sampling of other nonconservative ambient dissolved gases. Over a single diel period, a 30% variation in GTV was observed in a second-order stream (Sugar Creek, Indiana, USA). The changing GTV could be attributed in part to changes in temperature and windspeed that occurred on hourly to diel timescales.","language":"English","publisher":"ASLO","doi":"10.4319/lom.2009.7.185","usgsCitation":"Tobias, C., Bohlke, J., Harvey, J.W., and Busenberg, E., 2009, A simple technique for continuous measurement of time-variable gas transfer in surface waters: Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, v. 7, p. 185-195, https://doi.org/10.4319/lom.2009.7.185.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"185","endPage":"195","ipdsId":"IP-004332","costCenters":[{"id":146,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Eastern Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270737,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51653860e4b077fa94dadf5b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tobias, Craig R.","contributorId":23410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tobias","given":"Craig R.","affiliations":[{"id":32398,"text":"University of North Carolina Wilmington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":473392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bohlke, John Karl 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":84641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"John Karl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harvey, Judson W. 0000-0002-2654-9873 jwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2654-9873","contributorId":1796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Judson","email":"jwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Busenberg, Eurybiades ebusenbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busenberg","given":"Eurybiades","email":"ebusenbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70042758,"text":"70042758 - 2009 - Transport of tritium contamination to the atmosphere in an arid environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-03T10:15:42","indexId":"70042758","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3674,"text":"Vadose Zone Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transport of tritium contamination to the atmosphere in an arid environment","docAbstract":"<p>Soil–plant–atmosphere interactions strongly influence water movement in desert unsaturated zones, but little is known about how such interactions affect atmospheric release of subsurface water-borne contaminants. This 2-yr study, performed at the U.S. Geological Survey's Amargosa Desert Research Site in southern Nevada, quantified the magnitude and spatiotemporal variability of tritium (3H) transport from the shallow unsaturated zone to the atmosphere adjacent to a low-level radioactive waste (LLRW) facility. Tritium fluxes were calculated as the product of 3H concentrations in water vapor and respective evaporation and transpiration water-vapor fluxes. Quarterly measured 3H concentrations in soil water vapor and in leaf water of the dominant creosote-bush [<i>Larrea tridentat</i>a (DC.) Coville] were spatially extrapolated and temporally interpolated to develop daily maps of contamination across the 0.76-km2 study area. Maximum plant and root-zone soil concentrations (4200 and 8700 Bq L−1, respectively) were measured 25 m from the LLRW facility boundary. Continuous evaporation was estimated using a Priestley–Taylor model and transpiration was computed as the difference between measured eddy-covariance evapotranspiration and estimated evaporation. The mean evaporation/transpiration ratio was 3:1. Tritium released from the study area ranged from 0.12 to 12 μg d−1 and totaled 1.5 mg (8.2 × 1010 Bq) over 2 yr. Tritium flux variability was driven spatially by proximity to 3H source areas and temporally by changes in 3H concentrations and in the partitioning between evaporation and transpiration. Evapotranspiration removed and limited penetration of precipitation beneath native vegetation and fostered upward movement and release of 3H from below the root zone.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Soil Science Society of America","doi":"10.2136/vzj2008.0022","usgsCitation":"Garcia, C.A., Andraski, B.J., Johnson, M.J., Stonestrom, D.A., Michel, R.L., Cooper, C., and Wheatcraft, S., 2009, Transport of tritium contamination to the atmosphere in an arid environment: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 8, no. 2, p. 450-461, https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2008.0022.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"450","endPage":"461","ipdsId":"IP-004355","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270866,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd798ae4b0b2908510ce60","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garcia, C. Amanda 0000-0003-3776-3565 cgarcia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3776-3565","contributorId":1899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"C.","email":"cgarcia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Amanda","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andraski, Brian J. 0000-0002-2086-0417 andraski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2086-0417","contributorId":168800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andraski","given":"Brian","email":"andraski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":472176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Michael J. johnsonm@usgs.gov","contributorId":2282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Michael","email":"johnsonm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stonestrom, David A. 0000-0001-7883-3385 dastones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7883-3385","contributorId":2280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stonestrom","given":"David","email":"dastones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Michel, Robert L. rlmichel@usgs.gov","contributorId":823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michel","given":"Robert","email":"rlmichel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cooper, C.A.","contributorId":67316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wheatcraft, S.W.","contributorId":15427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheatcraft","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70043438,"text":"70043438 - 2009 - Life history and status of shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum) in the Potomac River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-23T08:08:24","indexId":"70043438","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Life history and status of shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum) in the Potomac River","docAbstract":"We collected the first life history information on shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum) in any of the rivers to Chesapeake Bay, the geographic center of the species range. In the Potomac River, two telemetry-tagged adult females used 124 km of river: a saltwater/freshwater reach at river km (rkm) 63-141 was the foraging-wintering concentration area, and one female migrated to spawn at rkm 187 in Washington, DC. The spawning migration explained the life history context of an adult captured 122 years ago in Washington, DC, supporting the idea that a natal population once lived in the river. Repeated homing migrations to foraging and wintering areas suggested the adults were residents, not transient coastal migrants. All habitats that adults need to complete life history are present in the river. The Potomac River shortnose sturgeon offers a rare opportunity to learn about the natural rebuilding of a sturgeon population.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01224.x","usgsCitation":"Kieffer, M., 2009, Life history and status of shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum) in the Potomac River: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 25, no. 2, p. 34-38, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01224.x.","startPage":"34","endPage":"38","ipdsId":"IP-014671","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267985,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267984,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01224.x"}],"country":"United States","volume":"25","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5129f333e4b04edf7e93f906","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kieffer, Micah 0000-0001-9310-018X mkieffer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9310-018X","contributorId":2641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kieffer","given":"Micah","email":"mkieffer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70043454,"text":"70043454 - 2009 - Distinct freshwater and seawater isoforms of Na+/K+-ATPase in gill chloride cells of Atlantic salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-15T21:10:41","indexId":"70043454","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2275,"text":"Journal of Experimental Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distinct freshwater and seawater isoforms of Na+/K+-ATPase in gill chloride cells of Atlantic salmon","docAbstract":"Gill Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (NKA) in teleost fishes is involved in ion regulation in both freshwater and seawater. We have developed and validated rabbit polyclonal antibodies specific to the NKA alpha1a and alpha1b protein isoforms of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar Linnaeus), and used western blots and immunohistochemistry to characterize their size, abundance and localization. The relative molecular mass of NKA alpha1a is slightly less than that for NKA beta1b. The abundance of gill NKA alpha1a was high in freshwater and became nearly undetectable after seawater acclimation. NKA alpha1b was present in small amounts in freshwater and increased 13-fold after seawater acclimation. Both NKA isoforms were detected only in chloride cells. NKA alpha1a was located in both filamental and lamellar chloride cells in freshwater, whereas in seawater it was present only as a faint background in filamental chloride cells. In freshwater, NKA alpha1b was found in a small number of filamental chloride cells, and after seawater acclimation it was found in all chloride cells on the filament and lamellae. Double simultaneous immunofluorescence indicated that NKA alpha1a and alpha1b are located in different chloride cells in freshwater. In many chloride cells in seawater, NKA alpha1b was present in greater amounts in the subapical region than elsewhere in the cell. The combined patterns in abundance and immunolocalization of these two isoforms can explain the salinity-related changes in total NKA and chloride cell abundance. The results indicate that there is a freshwater and a seawater isoform of NKA alpha-subunit in the gills of Atlantic salmon and that they are present in distinct chloride cells.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Experimental Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Company of Biologists, Ltd.","doi":"10.1242/jeb.037275","usgsCitation":"McCormick, S., Regish, A., and Christensen, A., 2009, Distinct freshwater and seawater isoforms of Na+/K+-ATPase in gill chloride cells of Atlantic salmon: Journal of Experimental Biology, v. 212, no. 24, p. 3994-4001, https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.037275.","startPage":"3994","endPage":"4001","ipdsId":"IP-016587","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476027,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.419.921","text":"External Repository"},{"id":267600,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267599,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.037275"}],"country":"United States","volume":"212","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"511f6712e4b03b29402c5dcb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCormick, Stephen D. 0000-0003-0621-6200 smccormick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":2197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"Stephen D.","email":"smccormick@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":473619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Regish, A.M. 0000-0003-4747-4265","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4747-4265","contributorId":31646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Regish","given":"A.M.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":473620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Christensen, A.K.","contributorId":84577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"A.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70042799,"text":"70042799 - 2009 - Organochlorine pesticides residue in lakes of Khorezm, Uzbekistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-10T11:50:41","indexId":"70042799","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Organochlorine pesticides residue in lakes of Khorezm, Uzbekistan","docAbstract":"The Khorezm province in northwest Uzbekistan is a productive agricultural area within the Aral Sea Basin that produces cotton, rice and wheat. Various organochlorine pesticides were widely used for cotton production before Uzbekistan's independence in 1991. In Khorezm, small lakes have formed in natural depressions that receive inputs mostly from agricultural runoff. Samples from lake waters and sediments, as well as water from the Amu Darya River (which is the source of most of the lake water) have been analyzed to study variations in the concentrations of organochlorine pesticides residues during the year. Low concentrations of DDT, DDD, DDE, a-HCH and y-HCH compounds were found in water and sediment samples. The concentration of persistent organochlorine pesticides (DDT and HCH) in water and sediment is much lower than the maximum permissible concentrations that exist for water and soil. According to these preliminary results, the investigated lakes in Khorezm appear to be suitable for recreation or for aquaculture.","largerWorkTitle":"10th International HCH and pesticide forum book of papers: how many obsolete pesticides have been disposed of 8 years after signature of Stockholm Convention","conferenceTitle":"10th International HCH and Pesticide Forum, 6-10 September, 2009","conferenceDate":"2009-09-10T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Brno, Czech Republic","language":"English","publisher":"International HCH and Pesticides Association","publisherLocation":"Netherlands","usgsCitation":"Rosen, M.R., Nishonov, B., Fayzieva, D., Saito, L., and Lamers, J., 2009, Organochlorine pesticides residue in lakes of Khorezm, Uzbekistan.","startPage":"157","endPage":"161","ipdsId":"IP-015327","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269006,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6a28e4b0b290851030df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosen, Michael R. 0000-0003-3991-0522 mrosen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3991-0522","contributorId":495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosen","given":"Michael","email":"mrosen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nishonov, Bakhriddin","contributorId":15860,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nishonov","given":"Bakhriddin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fayzieva, Dilorom","contributorId":47609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fayzieva","given":"Dilorom","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12744,"text":"Institute of Water Problems","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":472294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Saito, L.","contributorId":59402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saito","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lamers, J.","contributorId":9100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamers","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70043798,"text":"70043798 - 2009 - Potential Inundation due to Rising Sea Levels in the San Francisco Bay Region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-10T12:11:38","indexId":"70043798","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesNumber":"CEC-500-2009-023-D","title":"Potential Inundation due to Rising Sea Levels in the San Francisco Bay Region","docAbstract":"An increase in the rate of sea level rise is one of the primary impacts of projected global climate change. To assess potential inundation associated with a continued acceleration of sea level rise, the highest resolution elevation data available were assembled from various sources and mosaicked to cover the land surfaces of the San Francisco Bay region. Next, to quantify high water levels throughout the bay, a hydrodynamic model of the San Francisco Estuary was driven by a projection of hourly water levels at the Presidio. This projection was based on a combination of climate model outputs and empirical models and incorporates astronomical, storm surge, El Niño, and long-term sea level rise influences. \n\nBased on the resulting data, maps of areas vulnerable to inundation were produced, corresponding to specific amounts of sea level rise and recurrence intervals. These maps portray areas where inundation will likely be an increasing concern. In the North Bay, wetland survival and developed fill areas are at risk. In Central and South bays, a key feature is the bay-ward periphery of developed areas that would be newly vulnerable to inundation. Nearly all municipalities adjacent to South Bay face this risk to some degree. For the Bay as a whole, as early as 2050 under this scenario, the one-year peak event nearly equals the 100-year peak event in 2000. Maps of vulnerable areas are presented and some implications discussed.","language":"English","publisher":"California Climate Change Center","publisherLocation":"Sacramento,CA","usgsCitation":"Knowles, N., 2009, Potential Inundation due to Rising Sea Levels in the San Francisco Bay Region (Draft Paper), i-viii, 21 p.","productDescription":"i-viii, 21 p.","numberOfPages":"33","ipdsId":"IP-010404","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269021,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269020,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.energy.ca.gov/2009publications/CEC-500-2009-023/CEC-500-2009-023-D.PDF"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","edition":"Draft Paper","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6bfbe4b0b29085104463","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knowles, Noah 0000-0001-5652-1049 nknowles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5652-1049","contributorId":1380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knowles","given":"Noah","email":"nknowles@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70044226,"text":"70044226 - 2009 - Sexing sirenians: Validation of visual and molecular sex determination in both wild dugongs (Dugong dugon) and Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-17T12:21:53.92901","indexId":"70044226","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":869,"text":"Aquatic Mammals","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sexing sirenians: Validation of visual and molecular sex determination in both wild dugongs (Dugong dugon) and Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris)","docAbstract":"Sexing wild marine mammals that show little to no sexual dimorphism is challenging. For sirenians that are difficult to catch or approach closely, molecular sexing from tissue biopsies offers an alternative method to visual discrimination. This paper reports the results of a field study to validate the use of two sexing methods: (1) visual discrimination of sex vs (2) molecular sexing based on a multiplex PCR assay which amplifies the male-specific SRY gene and differentiates ZFX and ZFY gametologues. Skin samples from 628 dugongs (Dugong dugon) and 100 Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris) were analysed and assigned as male or female based on molecular sex. These individuals were also assigned a sex based on either direct observation of the genitalia and/or the association of the individual with a calf. Individuals of both species showed 93 to 96% congruence between visual and molecular sexing. For the remaining 4 to 7%, the discrepancies could be explained by human error. To mitigate this error rate, we recommend using both of these robust techniques, with routine inclusion of sex primers into microsatellite panels employed for identity, along with trained field observers and stringent sample handling.","language":"English","publisher":"Aquatic Mammals Journal","doi":"10.1578/AM.35.2.2009.187","usgsCitation":"Lanyon, J., Sneath, H., Ovenden, J., Broderick, D., and Bonde, R.K., 2009, Sexing sirenians: Validation of visual and molecular sex determination in both wild dugongs (Dugong dugon) and Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris): Aquatic Mammals, v. 35, no. 2, p. 187-192, https://doi.org/10.1578/AM.35.2.2009.187.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"187","endPage":"192","ipdsId":"IP-011007","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270768,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"516689e4e4b0bba30b388be6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lanyon, J.","contributorId":33600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanyon","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sneath, H.","contributorId":95773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sneath","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ovenden, J.","contributorId":86665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ovenden","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Broderick, D.","contributorId":96929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Broderick","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bonde, Robert K. 0000-0001-9179-4376 rbonde@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9179-4376","contributorId":2675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonde","given":"Robert","email":"rbonde@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70045032,"text":"70045032 - 2009 - Extension of Gutenberg‐Richter distribution to MW −1.3, no lower limit in sight","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-25T19:02:31.666075","indexId":"70045032","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Extension of Gutenberg‐Richter distribution to <i>M</i><sub>W</sub> −1.3, no lower limit in sight","title":"Extension of Gutenberg‐Richter distribution to MW −1.3, no lower limit in sight","docAbstract":"<p><span>With twelve years of seismic data from TauTona Gold Mine, South Africa, we show that mining‐induced earthquakes follow the Gutenberg‐Richter relation with no scale break down to the completeness level of the catalog, at moment magnitude&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><sub>W</sub><span>&nbsp;−1.3. Events recorded during relatively quiet hours in 2006 indicate that catalog detection limitations, not earthquake source physics, controlled the previously reported minimum magnitude in this mine. Within the Natural Earthquake Laboratory in South African Mines (NELSAM) experiment's dense seismic array, earthquakes that exhibit shear failure at magnitudes as small as&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><sub>W</sub><span>&nbsp;−3.9 are observed, but we find no evidence that&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><sub>W</sub><span>&nbsp;−3.9 represents the minimum magnitude. In contrast to previous work, our results imply small nucleation zones and that earthquake processes in the mine can readily be scaled to those in either laboratory experiments or natural faults.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2009GL038080","usgsCitation":"Boettcher, M.S., McGarr, A.F., and Johnston, M.J., 2009, Extension of Gutenberg‐Richter distribution to MW −1.3, no lower limit in sight: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 36, no. 10, L10307, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL038080.","productDescription":"L10307, 5 p.","ipdsId":"IP-008251","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476022,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2009gl038080","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":270790,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"South Africa","otherGeospatial":"TauTona Mine","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              27.382564544677734,\n              -26.43630063007381\n            ],\n            [\n              27.453632354736325,\n              -26.43630063007381\n            ],\n            [\n              27.453632354736325,\n              -26.374492360906917\n            ],\n            [\n              27.382564544677734,\n              -26.374492360906917\n            ],\n            [\n              27.382564544677734,\n              -26.43630063007381\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"36","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"516689e2e4b0bba30b388bd6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boettcher, Margaret S.","contributorId":53263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boettcher","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGarr, Arthur F. 0000-0001-9769-4093 mcgarr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9769-4093","contributorId":3178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGarr","given":"Arthur","email":"mcgarr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnston, Malcolm J. S. 0000-0003-4326-8368 mal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4326-8368","contributorId":622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"Malcolm","email":"mal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":476655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}