{"pageNumber":"1987","pageRowStart":"49650","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68919,"records":[{"id":47708,"text":"wri854136 - 1986 - Location of potential ground-water quality monitoring wells, Key West 1° by 2° quadrangle, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-12T22:32:54.349562","indexId":"wri854136","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4136","title":"Location of potential ground-water quality monitoring wells, Key West 1° by 2° quadrangle, Florida","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854136","usgsCitation":"Thagard, M.E., and Seaber, P.R., 1986, Location of potential ground-water quality monitoring wells, Key West 1° by 2° quadrangle, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4136, 1 Plate: 39.74 x 22.44 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854136.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 39.74 x 22.44 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169865,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":84617,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4136/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":423464,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36299.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Key West quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80,\n 25\n ],\n [\n -83.22030815771012,\n 25\n ],\n [\n -83.22030815771012,\n 24\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 24\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 25\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a69e4b07f02db63bef3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thagard, Martha E.","contributorId":68315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thagard","given":"Martha","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seaber, Paul R.","contributorId":67492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seaber","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015058,"text":"70015058 - 1986 - HYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATION OF THE UPPER POTOMAC ESTUARY.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:00","indexId":"70015058","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"HYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATION OF THE UPPER POTOMAC ESTUARY.","docAbstract":"Hydrodynamics of the upper extent of the Potomac Estuary between Indian Head and Morgantown, Md. , are simulated using a two-dimensional model. The model computes water-surface elevations and depth-averaged velocities by numerically integrating finite-difference forms of the equations of mass and momentum conservation using the alternating direction implicit method. The fundamental, non-linear, unsteady-flow equations, upon which the model is formulated, include additional terms to account for Coriolis acceleration and meteorological influences. Preliminary model/prototype data comparisons show agreement to within 9% for tidal flow volumes and phase differences within the measured-data-recording interval. Use of the model to investigate the hydrodynamics and certain aspects of transport within this Potomac Estuary reach is demonstrated. Refs.","conferenceTitle":"Water Forum '86: World Water Issues in Evolution, Proceedings of the Conference.","conferenceLocation":"Long Beach, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, USA","isbn":"0872625451","usgsCitation":"Schaffranck, R.W., 1986, HYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATION OF THE UPPER POTOMAC ESTUARY., Water Forum '86: World Water Issues in Evolution, Proceedings of the Conference., Long Beach, CA, USA, p. 1572-1581.","startPage":"1572","endPage":"1581","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224129,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2e8ce4b0c8380cd5c64d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schaffranck, Raymond W.","contributorId":72137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaffranck","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":47710,"text":"wri854138 - 1986 - Location of potential ground-water quality monitoring wells, Orlando 1° by 2° quadrangle, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-12T22:38:29.989881","indexId":"wri854138","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4138","title":"Location of potential ground-water quality monitoring wells, Orlando 1° by 2° quadrangle, Florida","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854138","usgsCitation":"Thagard, M.E., and Seaber, P.R., 1986, Location of potential ground-water quality monitoring wells, Orlando 1° by 2° quadrangle, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4138, 1 Plate: 39.62 x 22.53 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854138.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 39.62 x 22.53 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":84619,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4138/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":169867,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":423466,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36301.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Orlando quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -82,\n 28\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 28\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -82,\n 29\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a69e4b07f02db63befc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thagard, Martha E.","contributorId":68315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thagard","given":"Martha","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seaber, Paul R.","contributorId":67492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seaber","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":47713,"text":"wri854141 - 1986 - Location of potential ground-water quality monitoring wells, Tampa 1° x 2° quadrangle, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-13T19:27:38.576693","indexId":"wri854141","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4141","title":"Location of potential ground-water quality monitoring wells, Tampa 1° x 2° quadrangle, Florida","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854141","usgsCitation":"Thagard, M.E., and Seaber, P.R., 1986, Location of potential ground-water quality monitoring wells, Tampa 1° x 2° quadrangle, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4141, 1 Plate: 18.07 x 39.63 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854141.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 18.07 x 39.63 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":423516,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36304.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":84622,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4141/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":169931,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Tampa quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83,\n 28\n ],\n [\n -83,\n 26\n ],\n [\n -82,\n 26\n ],\n [\n -82,\n 28\n ],\n [\n -83,\n 28\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a69e4b07f02db63bf0c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thagard, Martha E.","contributorId":68315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thagard","given":"Martha","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seaber, Paul R.","contributorId":67492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seaber","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015079,"text":"70015079 - 1986 - Role of aquitards in hydrogeochemical systems: A synopsis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-06T07:00:03","indexId":"70015079","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Role of aquitards in hydrogeochemical systems: A synopsis","docAbstract":"Aquitards exert significant influence on the hydrogeochemistry of aquifer systems. This influence is manifested somewhat differently depending on the relative position of aquitards within a system. In the deeper regimes, they are influential in the origin and distribution of brines and the development of geopressured zones. In intermediate regimes, they form multi-layered aquifer systems and provide a source of reactive minerals and exchangeable ions. In shallow regimes, aquitards can influence the topography and drainage patterns; this influences the relationship between the water table and the potentiometric surface of confined aquifers, controls the rates of infiltration and discharge, and controls whether the geochemical system is open or closed to exchange of carbon dioxide gas. In coastal areas, aquitards can determine the depth of the saltwater-freshwater interface, its distance from the shoreline, and the position of the mixing zone that causes geochemical alteration of minerals and development of porosity. ?? 1986.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0883-2927(86)90027-2","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Back, W., 1986, Role of aquitards in hydrogeochemical systems: A synopsis: Applied Geochemistry, v. 1, no. 3, p. 427-437, https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-2927(86)90027-2.","productDescription":"11 p. ","startPage":"427","endPage":"437","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223634,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aae3fe4b0c8380cd8705b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Back, W.","contributorId":33839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Back","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":93728,"text":"93728 - 1986 - A field guide to valuable underwater aquatic plants of the Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-02T10:47:02","indexId":"93728","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"A field guide to valuable underwater aquatic plants of the Great Lakes","docAbstract":"

Underwater plants are a valuable part of the Great Lakes ecosystem, providing food and shelter for aquatic animals. Aquatic plants also help stabilize sediments, thereby reducing shoreline erosion. Annual fall die-offs of underwater plants provide food and shelter for overwintering small aquatic animals such as insects, snails, and freshwater shrimp.

\n

In some areas, underwater plants may be the dominant primary producer in the food chain supporting animal populations. Fish, for example, are usually more abundant where underwater plants are found. Plants and associated animals are a source of food for fish and waterfowl in the Great Lakes (Table 1). Despite the importance of underwater plants in the Great Lakes, very little is known about them, partly because of the difficulty of observing the plants in their natural habitat.

\n

The purpose of this field guide is to aid in the identification of common underwater plants in the Great Lakes. These plants are found mostly in shallow, nearshore waters along sheltered bays, peninsulas, and the four connecting rivers of the Great Lakes, including the St. Lawrence River (Figure 1). Connecting rivers are especially favorable for aquatic plants because they are shallow, have a consistent flow of water, and are protected from heavy wave action typical of other Great Lakes shorelines.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Great Lakes Fishery Laboratory","publisherLocation":"Ann Arbor, MI","usgsCitation":"Schloesser, D.W., 1986, A field guide to valuable underwater aquatic plants of the Great Lakes, 32 p.","productDescription":"32 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128262,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":309497,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/93728/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.724609375,\n 41.1455697310095\n ],\n [\n -92.724609375,\n 49.15296965617039\n ],\n [\n -74.091796875,\n 49.15296965617039\n ],\n [\n -74.091796875,\n 41.1455697310095\n ],\n [\n -92.724609375,\n 41.1455697310095\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aeca5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schloesser, Donald W. dschloesser@usgs.gov","contributorId":3579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schloesser","given":"Donald","email":"dschloesser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":512543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1001644,"text":"1001644 - 1986 - Waterfowl harvest at Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge, 1936-41","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-20T12:26:25","indexId":"1001644","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Waterfowl harvest at Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge, 1936-41","docAbstract":"Waterfowl harvest at Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) for the 6-yr period 1936-41 is described and compared with a recent (1978-83) period. During the early period 46,987 geese and 76,143 ducks were bagged during 48,610 hunter-visits. Hunting seasons were 30 to 60 d in length. Greater White-fronted Geese Anser albifrons, followed by Northern Pintails Anas acuta, and Cackling Canada Geese Branta canadensis minima were the most important birds in the harvest. Average harvest was 1.0 goose and 1.6 ducks per hunter-visit. A short (30-d) and late hunting season drastically curtailed harvest in 1937. Reduced hunting activity in 1941 was attributed to military mobilization. During the 1978-83 period 34,416 geese and 63,458 ducks were bagged during 69,170 hunter-visits. Hunting seasons during this period were mostly 93 d in length. The most important bird in the harvest was the Mallard A. platyrhynchos, followed by White-fronted Goose and Northern Pintail. Average harvest was 0.5 goose and 0.9 duck per hunter-visit. In general dabbling ducks increased in overall importance while diving ducks decreased between the two periods. Harvest decreased 20.5% while hunter-visits increased 42.3%.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"California Fish and Game","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Gilmer, D., Hicks, J., Bartonek, J., and McCollum, E., 1986, Waterfowl harvest at Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge, 1936-41: California Fish and Game, v. 72, no. 3, p. 132-143.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"132","endPage":"143","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130314,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.56715393066405,\n 41.828642001860544\n ],\n [\n -121.40579223632812,\n 41.828642001860544\n ],\n [\n -121.40579223632812,\n 41.94927724511655\n ],\n [\n -121.56715393066405,\n 41.94927724511655\n ],\n [\n -121.56715393066405,\n 41.828642001860544\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"72","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47e1e4b07f02db4ba0ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gilmer, D.S.","contributorId":22270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmer","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hicks, J.M.","contributorId":62544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hicks","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bartonek, James C.","contributorId":38085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartonek","given":"James C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCollum, E.H.","contributorId":73543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCollum","given":"E.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70015055,"text":"70015055 - 1986 - Geochemical investigations of selected Eastern United States watersheds affected by acid deposition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-20T06:42:20","indexId":"70015055","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2545,"text":"Journal of the Geological Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical investigations of selected Eastern United States watersheds affected by acid deposition","docAbstract":"

The effects of acid deposition on surface waters in eastern United States watersheds having similar size, physiography, climate and land use are related to the composition of the underlying bedrock. Watersheds developed on greenstone, calcareous shale, sandstone, granite, and schist differ in their ability to neutralize acid deposition. Surface waters in watersheds developed on greenstone and calcareous shale are not discernably affected by acidification. Wastersheds developed on sand-stone have little capacity to neutralize acid rain; consequently, stream acidity is similar to that of precipitation. Watersheds developed on granite and schist are intermediate in their capacity to neutralize acid deposition. Bedrock composition appears to be the major property controlling surface-water chemistry in these systems; hydrologic flow paths and the nature of surficial materials and vegetation also influence chemical responses to acid deposition in watersheds.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1144/gsjgs.143.4.0621","issn":"00167649","usgsCitation":"Bricker, O.P., 1986, Geochemical investigations of selected Eastern United States watersheds affected by acid deposition: Journal of the Geological Society, v. 143, no. 4, p. 621-626, https://doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.143.4.0621.","productDescription":"6 p. ","startPage":"621","endPage":"626","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224126,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.3515625,\n 24.5271348225978\n ],\n [\n -66.97265625,\n 24.5271348225978\n ],\n [\n -66.97265625,\n 48.16608541901253\n ],\n [\n -90.3515625,\n 48.16608541901253\n ],\n [\n -90.3515625,\n 24.5271348225978\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"143","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1649e4b0c8380cd5510e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bricker, Owen P.","contributorId":25142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bricker","given":"Owen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014640,"text":"70014640 - 1986 - Giant subtidal stromatolites forming in normal salinity waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:34","indexId":"70014640","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Giant subtidal stromatolites forming in normal salinity waters","docAbstract":"We report here the discovery of giant lithified subtidal columnar stromatolites (>2 m high) growing in 7-8 m of clear oceanic water in current-swept channels between the Exuma Islands on the eastern Bahama Bank. They grow by trapping ooid and pelletal carbonate sand and synsedimentary precipitation of carbonate cement within a field of giant megaripples. The discovery is important to geologists and biologists because similar organo-sedimentary structures built by a combination of cementation and the trapping of sediment by microbes were the dominant fossil types during the Precambrian. Stromatolites are thought to have been responsible for the production of free oxygen and thus the evolution of animal life1,2. Until the discovery of small lithified subtidal columnar stromatolites in the Bahamas3, the only subtidal marine examples known to be living while undergoing lithification were in the hypersaline waters of Hamelin Pool at Shark Bay, Western Australia4-7. Shark Bay stromatolites range from intertidal to the shallow subtidal with the larger columns reaching 1 m in height. The Shark Bay stromatolites have strongly influenced geological interpretation; by analogy, many ancient stromatolites have been considered to have grown in intertidal and/or hypersaline conditions8, although hypersalinity was not a necessity for growth during the Precambrian because grazing metazoan life had not then evolved. ?? 1986 Nature Publishing Group.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/324055a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Dill, R., Shinn, E., Jones, A., Kelly, K., and Steinen, R., 1986, Giant subtidal stromatolites forming in normal salinity waters: Nature, v. 324, no. 6092, p. 55-58, https://doi.org/10.1038/324055a0.","startPage":"55","endPage":"58","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205629,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/324055a0"},{"id":225458,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"324","issue":"6092","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a28f1e4b0c8380cd5a55c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dill, R.F.","contributorId":27618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dill","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shinn, E.A.","contributorId":38610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shinn","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, A.T.","contributorId":34662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"A.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kelly, K.","contributorId":45844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Steinen, R.P.","contributorId":26450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinen","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70014994,"text":"70014994 - 1986 - Estimation of distributional parameters for censored trace level water quality data: 2. Verification and applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-14T08:38:55","indexId":"70014994","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of distributional parameters for censored trace level water quality data: 2. Verification and applications","docAbstract":"

Estimates of distributional parameters (mean, standard deviation, median, interquartile range) are often desired for data sets containing censored observations. Eight methods for estimating these parameters have been evaluated by R. J. Gilliom and D. R. Helsel (this issue) using Monte Carlo simulations. To verify those findings, the same methods are now applied to actual water quality data. The best method (lowest root-mean-squared error (rmse)) over all parameters, sample sizes, and censoring levels is log probability regression (LR), the method found best in the Monte Carlo simulations. Best methods for estimating moment or percentile parameters separately are also identical to the simulations. Reliability of these estimates can be expressed as confidence intervals using rmse and bias values taken from the simulation results. Finally, a new simulation study shows that best methods for estimating uncensored sample statistics from censored data sets are identical to those for estimating population parameters. Thus this study and the companion study by Gilliom and Helsel form the basis for making the best possible estimates of either population parameters or sample statistics from censored water quality data, and for assessments of their reliability.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR022i002p00147","usgsCitation":"Helsel, D., and Gilliom, R.J., 1986, Estimation of distributional parameters for censored trace level water quality data: 2. Verification and applications: Water Resources Research, v. 22, no. 2, p. 147-155, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR022i002p00147.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"155","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224179,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b84e4b0c8380cd52764","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Helsel, Dennis R.","contributorId":85569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helsel","given":"Dennis R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilliom, Robert J. rgilliom@usgs.gov","contributorId":488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilliom","given":"Robert","email":"rgilliom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":369795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015054,"text":"70015054 - 1986 - Ground-water flow in low permeability environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-18T11:08:29","indexId":"70015054","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground-water flow in low permeability environments","docAbstract":"

Certain geologic media are known to have small permeability; subsurface environments composed of these media and lacking well developed secondary permeability have groundwater flow sytems with many distinctive characteristics. Moreover, groundwater flow in these environments appears to influence the evolution of certain hydrologic, geologic, and geochemical systems, may affect the accumulation of pertroleum and ores, and probably has a role in the structural evolution of parts of the crust. Such environments are also important in the context of waste disposal. This review attempts to synthesize the diverse contributions of various disciplines to the problem of flow in low-permeability environments. Problems hindering analysis are enumerated together with suggested approaches to overcoming them. A common thread running through the discussion is the significance of size- and time-scale limitations of the ability to directly observe flow behavior and make measurements of parameters. These limitations have resulted in rather distinct small- and large-scale approaches to the problem. The first part of the review considers experimental investigations of low-permeability flow, including in situ testing; these are generally conducted on temporal and spatial scales which are relatively small compared with those of interest. Results from this work have provided increasingly detailed information about many aspects of the flow but leave certain questions unanswered. Recent advances in laboratory and in situ testing techniques have permitted measurements of permeability and storage properties in progressively “tighter” media and investigation of transient flow under these conditions. However, very large hydraulic gradients are still required for the tests; an observational gap exists for typical in situ gradients. The applicability of Darcy's law in this range is therefore untested, although claims of observed non-Darcian behavior appear flawed. Two important nonhydraulic flow phenomena, osmosis and ultrafiltration, are experimentally well established in prepared clays but have been incompletely investigated, particularly in undisturbed geologic media. Small-scale experimental results form much of the basis for analyses of flow in low-permeability environments which occurs on scales of time and size too large to permit direct observation. Such large-scale flow behavior is the focus of the second part of the review. Extrapolation of small-scale experimental experience becomes an important and sometimes controversial problem in this context. In large flow systems under steady state conditions the regional permeability can sometimes be determined, but systems with transient flow are more difficult to analyze. The complexity of the problem is enhanced by the sensitivity of large-scale flow to the effects of slow geologic processes. One-dimensional studies have begun to elucidate how simple burial or exhumation can generate transient flow conditions by changing the state of stress and temperature and by burial metamorphism. Investigation of the more complex problem of the interaction of geologic processes and flow in two and three dimensions is just beginning. Because these transient flow analyses have largely been based on flow in experimental scale systems or in relatively permeable systems, deformation in response to effective stress changes is generally treated as linearly elastic; however, this treatment creates difficulties for the long periods of interest because viscoelastic deformation is probably significant. Also, large-scale flow simulations in argillaceous environments generally have neglected osmosis and ultrafiltration, in part because extrapolation of laboratory experience with coupled flow to large scales under in situ conditions is controversial. Nevertheless, the effects are potentially quite important because the coupled flow might cause ultra long lived transient conditions. The difficulties associated with analysis are matched by those of characterizing hydrologic conditions in tight environments; measurements of hydraulic head and sampling of pore fluids have been done only rarely because of the practical difficulties involved. These problems are also discussed in the second part of this paper.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR022i008p01163","usgsCitation":"Neuzil, C.E., 1986, Ground-water flow in low permeability environments: Water Resources Research, v. 22, no. 8, p. 1163-1195, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR022i008p01163.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"1163","endPage":"1195","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224071,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1484e4b0c8380cd54a86","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neuzil, Christopher E. 0000-0003-2022-4055 ceneuzil@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2022-4055","contributorId":2322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neuzil","given":"Christopher","email":"ceneuzil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":369953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015316,"text":"70015316 - 1986 - Solubility relations in the system potassium chloride-ferrous chloride-water between 25 and 75.degree.C at 1 atm","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-11T20:51:04","indexId":"70015316","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2209,"text":"Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Solubility relations in the system potassium chloride-ferrous chloride-water between 25 and 75.degree.C at 1 atm","docAbstract":"Solubility relations in the ternary system KCl-FeCl2-H2O have been determined by means of the visual polythermal method at 1 atm from 18 to 75??C along 10 composition lines. Solubilities of sylvite were measured along five composition lines defined by mixing KCl with five aqueous FeCl2 solutions containing 10, 20, 30, 38, and 45 wt % of FeCl2, respectively. Solubilities of FeCl2??4H2O were also determined along five composition lines defined by mixing FeCl2??4H2O with five aqueous KCl solutions containing 5, 10, 14.98, 19.97, and 24.99 wt % KCl, respectively. The maximum uncertainties in these measurements are ??0.02 wt % in KCl, ??0.15 wt % in FeCl2, and ??0.15??C. The data along each composition line were regressed to a smooth curve. The maximum deviations of the measured solubilities from the smoothed curves are 0.22 wt % in KCl and 0.12 wt % in FeCl2. Isothermal solubilities of sylvite and FeCl2??4H2O were calculated from these smoothed curves at 25, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 75??C.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/je00044a007","issn":"00219568","usgsCitation":"Chou, I., and Phan, L., 1986, Solubility relations in the system potassium chloride-ferrous chloride-water between 25 and 75.degree.C at 1 atm: Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data, v. 31, no. 2, p. 154-156, https://doi.org/10.1021/je00044a007.","startPage":"154","endPage":"156","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223655,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269095,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/je00044a007"}],"volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9248e4b08c986b319deb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chou, I.-M. 0000-0001-5233-6479","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-6479","contributorId":44283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chou","given":"I.-M.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":370617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phan, L.D.","contributorId":107429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phan","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015330,"text":"70015330 - 1986 - Determination of Ca, Mg, Na, Cd, Cu, Fe, K, Li and Zn in acid mine and reference water samples by inductively coupled plasma atomic fluorescence spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-23T15:55:39.638845","indexId":"70015330","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3541,"text":"The Analyst","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of Ca, Mg, Na, Cd, Cu, Fe, K, Li and Zn in acid mine and reference water samples by inductively coupled plasma atomic fluorescence spectrometry","docAbstract":"

An inductively coupled plasma atomic fluorescence spectrometric (ICP-AFS) method was used for the determination of nine elements in natural water. Reference and acid mine water samples were analysed by this method to demonstrate its usefulness for hydrogeochemical exploration. The elements were determined in two groups based on the compatibility of operating conditions and consideration of element abundance levels in natural water. Ca, Mg and Na were determined as a group using one set of instrumental conditions and a 1 + 99 dilution of the sample, and Cd, Cu, Fe, K, Li and Zn were determined using another set of conditions and the undiluted sample. The detection limits for the elements are as follows: Ca, 1.4; Mg, 1.7; Na, 2.0; Cd, 1.8; Cu, 6.2; Fe, 15.8; K, 3.5; Li, 0.3; and Zn, 1.2 ng ml–1. Each element has a linear range spanning about four orders of magnitude. The method has good precision and accuracy, as shown by statistics on replicate analyses and by the agreement between values obtained and those recommended for the reference water samples, and also those obtained by atomic absorption spectrometry for the acid mine water samples.

","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry","doi":"10.1039/AN9861100645","issn":"00032654","usgsCitation":"Sanzolone, R.F., and Meier, A.L., 1986, Determination of Ca, Mg, Na, Cd, Cu, Fe, K, Li and Zn in acid mine and reference water samples by inductively coupled plasma atomic fluorescence spectrometry: The Analyst, v. 111, no. 6, p. 645-649, https://doi.org/10.1039/AN9861100645.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"645","endPage":"649","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223928,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"111","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff87e4b0c8380cd4f23f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanzolone, R. F.","contributorId":64199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanzolone","given":"R.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meier, A. L.","contributorId":81480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28214,"text":"wri854302 - 1986 - Variability in base streamflow and water quality of streams and springs in Otter and Rosebud Creek basins, southeastern Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-18T20:00:14.582751","indexId":"wri854302","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4302","title":"Variability in base streamflow and water quality of streams and springs in Otter and Rosebud Creek basins, southeastern Montana","docAbstract":"

The results of three base-flow studies conducted on Otter and Rosebud Creeks during 1977, 1978, and 1983 are summarized and compared to assess the variability of base-flow magnitude and water quality during years of widely different precipitation. Chemical analyses for springs in these basins also are presented to provide and indication of the areal and temporal variability of groundwater quality. Base-flow magnitudes in Otter and Rosebud Creeks vary considerably in response to precipitation of the previous year. Maximum observed differences in base-flow magnitudes between the study years were 3.8 cu ft/sec in Otter Creek and 53 cu ft/sec in Rosebud Creek. Predominant ions of base streamflow are sodium, magnesium, and sulfate in Otter Creek and magnesium, calcium, sodium, sulfate, and bicarbonate in Rosebud Creek. Dissolved solids concentrations varied considerably, with maximum differences between study years of about 1,200 mg/L in Otter Creek and about 3,200 mg/L in Rosebud Creek. The ionic composition of springs in the Otter and Rosebud Creek basins is generally similar to that of the streams. Dissolved solids concentrations of the springs vary largely throughout each basin; however, there was little variability between sampling years at individual springs. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854302","usgsCitation":"Lambing, J., and Ferreira, R.F., 1986, Variability in base streamflow and water quality of streams and springs in Otter and Rosebud Creek basins, southeastern Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4302, iv, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854302.","productDescription":"iv, 49 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":57048,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4302/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159647,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4302/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":415947,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36438.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Otter and Rosebud Creek basins","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.167,\n 46.292\n ],\n [\n -107.167,\n 45\n ],\n [\n -106,\n 45\n ],\n [\n -106,\n 46.292\n ],\n [\n -107.167,\n 46.292\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602bff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lambing, J. H.","contributorId":100860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambing","given":"J. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ferreira, R. F.","contributorId":80690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferreira","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70136896,"text":"70136896 - 1986 - A note on the relationships between organic matter and some geotechnical properties of a marine sediment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-15T17:47:31","indexId":"70136896","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2670,"text":"Marine Geotechnology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A note on the relationships between organic matter and some geotechnical properties of a marine sediment","docAbstract":"

An analysis of the relationship between organic matter and liquid and plastic limits, and grain‐specific gravity of a marine sediment was accomplished by making a stepwise adjustment in the organic content of that sediment. The sample used was from Santa Barbara Basin (off southern California) and is typical of fine‐grained marine sediments: it is a clayey silt with a common suite of minerals and other constituents. During the experiment, texture and composition (except organic content) were constant; only the quantity of natural, indigenous organic matter was changed.

\n

 

\n

A strong linear relationship exists between the independent variable, the amount of organic carbon present in the sample, and the dependent variables. Liquid limit, plastic limit, and plasticity index all increased with increasing organic content over the range studied (0.57–3.20% organic carbon). Grain‐specific gravity decreased. All had linear correlation coefficients (r) greater than |0.90| and r 2 values greater than 90%, except the plasticity index (83%).

\n

 

\n

Comparing the results of regression analyses from this and several similar studies shows that although there is good qualitative agreement, there are quantitative inconsistencies. In particular there is considerable overall variability in the regression coefficients. Among studies on marine sediments the inconsistencies are less pronounced, yet still evident. The increase in liquid limit as organic carbon increased by 1 % sediment dry weight ranged from 9 to 28% water content; in the plastic limit the range was from 4 to 18%. However, in these marine studies regression coefficients are relatively close in value in some cases, levels of significance of the regressions are high in most cases, and in all cases the relationships appear to be linear over the range of organic carbon percentage studied. Finally, we believe that a relatively clear relationship between plasticity and organic carbon begins to emerge when the latter exceeds a value of 2%.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/10641198609388191","usgsCitation":"Taylor and Francis, 1986, A note on the relationships between organic matter and some geotechnical properties of a marine sediment: Marine Geotechnology, v. 6, no. 3, p. 281-297, https://doi.org/10.1080/10641198609388191.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"281","endPage":"297","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296987,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b1ee4b08de9379b3259"} ,{"id":70043706,"text":"70043706 - 1986 - Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1971-1981","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-23T14:43:39","indexId":"70043706","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":378,"text":"Publications of the US Geological Survey","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1971-1981","docAbstract":"This catalog is a list of books and maps published between 1971 and 1981. It supplements the past permanent catalogs \"Publications of the Geological Survey, 1879-1961\" and \"Publications of the Geological Survey, 1962-1970.\" It also lists those reports in the 1879-1961 and 1962-70 catalogs that are out of stock and NO LONGER AVAILABLE.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/70043706","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1986, Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1971-1981: Publications of the US Geological Survey, v, 1276 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70043706.","productDescription":"v, 1276 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":332927,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70043706/report_v2.pdf","text":"Volume 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":272663,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70043706/report.pdf","text":"Volume 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":267642,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70043706/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5124ad62e4b0b6328103b4ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":44430,"text":"wri864150 - 1986 - Louisiana hydrologic atlas map no. 2: Areal extent of freshwater in major aquifers of Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-17T19:13:21.862353","indexId":"wri864150","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4150","title":"Louisiana hydrologic atlas map no. 2: Areal extent of freshwater in major aquifers of Louisiana","docAbstract":"

The areal availability of freshwater (cl content < 250 mg/L) in 14 major aquifers in Louisiana was investigated. The depth of occurrence of fresh groundwater in Louisiana is variable. The aquifers were mapped to show their areal extent from the outcrop or subcrop to the downdip limit of freshwater. Water in each aquifer becomes saline downdip; but in most areas an overlying (younger) aquifer contains freshwater. None of the major aquifer contains freshwater in northern Louisiana where the Vicksburg and Jackson groups crop out and the underlying Cockfield aquifer (Cockfield Formation) contains saline water. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri864150","usgsCitation":"Smoot, C.W., 1986, Louisiana hydrologic atlas map no. 2: Areal extent of freshwater in major aquifers of Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4150, 1 Plate: 27.00 x 24.97 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864150.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 27.00 x 24.97 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":81732,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4150/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":172362,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":415860,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36577.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.046,\n 33.02\n ],\n [\n -94.046,\n 28.917\n ],\n [\n -88.809,\n 28.917\n ],\n [\n -88.809,\n 33.02\n ],\n [\n -94.046,\n 33.02\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ce4b07f02db63ec54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smoot, Charles W.","contributorId":88398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smoot","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014844,"text":"70014844 - 1986 - Borehole field calibration and measurement of low-concentration manganese by decay gamma rays","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-18T15:59:49.859181","indexId":"70014844","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Borehole field calibration and measurement of low-concentration manganese by decay gamma rays","docAbstract":"

The manganese concentration in the Arundel clay formation, Prince Georges County, Maryland, was determined from a borehole by using delayed neutron activation. The neutrons were produced by a 100 mu g 252 Cf source. The 847 keV gamma ray of manganese was detected continuously, and its counting rate was measured at intervals of 15 s as the measuring sonde was moved at a rate of 0.5 cm/s. The technique measured the concentration ratio of manganese to aluminum. This ratio, when combined with an estimate of the aluminum concentration of the clay, made it possible to determine the percentage concentration of manganese without using a test-pit calibration facility. The measurements were made by using an NaI(Tl) scintillation detector and a Ge(HP) solid-state detector cooled by solid propane. A two-pass technique had to be used with the scintillation detector because Compton background from the 1 779 keV photopeak of aluminum masked the manganese line. The Compton background did not interfere when the solid-state detector was used. The borehole measurements compared favorably with a chemical core analysis and were unaffected by water in the borehole.

","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.1442075","issn":"00168033","usgsCitation":"Mikesell, J., Senftle, F.E., Lloyd, T., Tanner, A., Merritt, C., and Force, E.R., 1986, Borehole field calibration and measurement of low-concentration manganese by decay gamma rays: Geophysics, v. 51, no. 12, p. 2219-2224, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1442075.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"2219","endPage":"2224","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225600,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f217e4b0c8380cd4afd5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mikesell, J.L.","contributorId":46113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mikesell","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Senftle, F. E.","contributorId":47788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senftle","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lloyd, T.A.","contributorId":6600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lloyd","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tanner, A.B.","contributorId":44155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanner","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Merritt, C.T.","contributorId":63966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merritt","given":"C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Force, E. R.","contributorId":28235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Force","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":1013881,"text":"1013881 - 1986 - Design and application of vacuum degassers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-30T19:00:57.672346","indexId":"1013881","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Design and application of vacuum degassers","docAbstract":"

Designs of vacuum degassers, which alleviate gas supersaturation in hatchery waters, have progressed greatly in recent years. Basic rules of thumb now exist by which the feasibility of vacuum degassers can be determined for particular facilities, and by which complete systems can be designed and built to meet local needs. These rules are presented in the form of step‐by‐step procedures and guidelines directed to practicing hatchery operators. The flexibility of vacuum degasser designs is illustrated for large‐, medium‐, and small‐volume systems.

","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1986)48%3C215:DAAOVD%3E2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Fuss, J.T., 1986, Design and application of vacuum degassers: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 48, p. 215-221, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1986)48%3C215:DAAOVD%3E2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"215","endPage":"221","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131749,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db667ec1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuss, J. T.","contributorId":37673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuss","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1014274,"text":"1014274 - 1986 - Effects of rearing density on growth and survival of lake trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-30T18:43:02.543102","indexId":"1014274","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of rearing density on growth and survival of lake trout","docAbstract":"

Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) were reared at density indices (allowable density in pounds/cubic foot divided by fish length in inches) of 0.25, 0.50, 1.0, and 2.0 in cages suspended in circular tanks. Water flow rates were such that dissolved oxygen remained above 8 ppm within all the cages. Thus treatment effects were attributed to density and not influenced by water quality. Growth and condition were not affected by density, but survival was lower at the higher density than at the three lower densities. We conclude that lake trout may be successfully reared at a density index of at least 1.0 if the water requirements for respiration and waste dilution are met.

","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1986)48%3C30:EORDOG%3E2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Soderberg, R.W., and Krise, W.F., 1986, Effects of rearing density on growth and survival of lake trout: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 48, no. 1, p. 30-32, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1986)48%3C30:EORDOG%3E2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"30","endPage":"32","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130728,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db6119c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soderberg, R. W.","contributorId":93855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Soderberg","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krise, W. F.","contributorId":50842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krise","given":"W.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70189643,"text":"70189643 - 1986 - Marine birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-19T11:02:27","indexId":"70189643","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"16","title":"Marine birds","docAbstract":"

In this chapter we review existing knowledge of marine birds in the Gulf of Alaska. Three estuarine systems in the Gulf provide critical habitat for migratory shorebirds and waterfowl: 1) the Stikine River Delta, 2) Cook Inlet, and 3) the Copper River Delta. Over 20 million waterbirds are estimated to use the latter system during spring migration. Western sandpipers, dunlin, and northern pintails numerically dominate this migration. Breeding populations of shorebirds and waterfowl in the Gulf are small compared with those elsewhere in Alaska. Of those Gulf regions suitable for nesting waterfowl and shorebirds, the Copper River Delta is the most important. Species diversity and the number of shorebirds wintering in the Gulf are low; however, water- fowl wintering in the Gulf number at least in the low millions. These birds concentrated in sheltered, near-shore regions where their epibenthic and infaunal prey are accessible.

Over nine million seabirds (twenty-six species) nest in the Gulf of Alaska at more than 800 sites. Seabird productivity varies markedly. Food availability seems to have a large influence on reproductive success, especially for surface-feeding species such as the black-legged kittiwake. Seabird densities are highest over shelf and shelf-break habitats during spring migration and in summer. Sooty and short-tailed shearwaters dominate the pelagic avifauna both numerically and in terms of biomass. Seabird densities are generally lower in winter than in summer as a result of both a southward migration of some species and offshore dispersal of others. A variety of prey species are used by seabirds in the Gulf; of these, capelin, sand lance, and euphausiids are of greatest importance. Trophically, seabirds in the Gulf range from near primary con- sumers to third-order carnivores, ingesting an estimated 1,120,000 mt during the 120-day summer period.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Gulf of Alaska: Physical environment and biological resources","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Commerce","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"DeGange, A.R., and Sanger, G.A., 1986, Marine birds, chap. 16 of The Gulf of Alaska: Physical environment and biological resources, p. 479-524.","productDescription":"46 p.","startPage":"479","endPage":"524","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344036,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","publicComments":"Minerals Management Service publication number: OCS study, MMS 86-0095","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59706fe0e4b0d1f9f065ab24","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hood, Donald W.","contributorId":111881,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hood","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705552,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zimmerman, Steven T.","contributorId":29325,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705553,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"DeGange, Anthony R. tdegange@usgs.gov","contributorId":139765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeGange","given":"Anthony","email":"tdegange@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":705554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sanger, Gerald A.","contributorId":10660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanger","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":705555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70142590,"text":"70142590 - 1986 - Vegetation mapping of Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska using Landsat MSS digital data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-01T23:24:02.891479","indexId":"70142590","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vegetation mapping of Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska using Landsat MSS digital data","docAbstract":"

A Landsat-derived vegetation map was prepared for Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge. The refuge lies within the middle boreal subzone of north central Alaska. Seven major vegetation classes and sixteen subclasses were recognized: forest (closed needleleaf, open needleleaf, needleleaf woodland, mixed, and broadleaf); broadleaf scrub (lowland, alluvial, subalpine); dwarf scrub (prostrate dwarf shrub tundra, dwarf shrub-graminoid tussock peatland); herbaceous (graminoid bog, marsh and meadow); scarcely vegetated areas (scarcely vegetated scree and floodplain); water (clear, turbid); and other areas (mountain shadow). The methodology employed a cluster-block technique. Sample areas were described based on a combination of helicopter-ground survey, aerial photointerpretation, and digital Landsat data. Major steps in the Landsat analysis involved preprocessing (geometric correction), derivation of statistical parameters for spectral classes, spectral class labeling of sample areas, preliminary classification of the entire study area using a maximum-likelihood algorithm, and final classification utilizing ancillary information such as digital elevation data. The final product is a 1:250,000-scale vegetation map representative of distinctive regional patterns and suitable for use in comprehensive conservation planning.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Talbot, S., and Markon, C.J., 1986, Vegetation mapping of Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska using Landsat MSS digital data: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 52, no. 6, p. 791-799.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"791","endPage":"799","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298341,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":397992,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.asprs.org/asprs-publications/pers"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.5224609375,\n 63.52897054110277\n ],\n [\n -155.5224609375,\n 65.07213008560697\n ],\n [\n -150.99609375,\n 65.07213008560697\n ],\n [\n -150.99609375,\n 63.52897054110277\n ],\n [\n -155.5224609375,\n 63.52897054110277\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54fec43fe4b02419550debf4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Talbot, Stephen S.","contributorId":73266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Stephen S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Markon, Carl J. markon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markon","given":"Carl","email":"markon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":541963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70194908,"text":"70194908 - 1986 - Beatty, Nevada: A section in U.S. Geological Survey research in radioactive waste disposal - Fiscal years 1983, 1984, and 1985 (WRI 87-4009)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70194908,"text":"70194908 - 1986 - Beatty, Nevada: A section in U.S. Geological Survey research in radioactive waste disposal - Fiscal years 1983, 1984, and 1985 (WRI 87-4009)","indexId":"70194908","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Beatty, Nevada: A section in U.S. Geological Survey research in radioactive waste disposal - Fiscal years 1983, 1984, and 1985 (WRI 87-4009)"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":26820,"text":"wri874009 - 1986 - U.S. Geological Survey research in radioactive waste disposal - Fiscal years 1983, 1984, and 1985","indexId":"wri874009","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"U.S. Geological Survey research in radioactive waste disposal - Fiscal years 1983, 1984, and 1985"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":26820,"text":"wri874009 - 1986 - U.S. Geological Survey research in radioactive waste disposal - Fiscal years 1983, 1984, and 1985","indexId":"wri874009","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"U.S. Geological Survey research in radioactive waste disposal - Fiscal years 1983, 1984, and 1985"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-29T14:59:05","indexId":"70194908","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Beatty, Nevada: A section in U.S. Geological Survey research in radioactive waste disposal - Fiscal years 1983, 1984, and 1985 (WRI 87-4009)","docAbstract":"

A commercial low-level radioactive-waste disposal site has been operating near Beatty, Nevada, about 150 km northwest of Las Vegas, since 1962. The 32-ha site is situated in a desolate region of the Amargosa River Valley, sometimes referred to as the Amargosa Desert. Average annual precipitation is only about 114 mm. The site is underlain by 175 m of unconsolidated, generally coarse-grained, alluvial-fan and flood-plain deposits. The water table is at a depth of 90 m.

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"U.S. Geological Survey research in radioactive waste disposal - Fiscal years 1983, 1984, and 1985 (WRI 87-4009)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Fischer, J., and Nichols, W., 1986, Beatty, Nevada: A section in U.S. Geological Survey research in radioactive waste disposal - Fiscal years 1983, 1984, and 1985 (WRI 87-4009), 2 p.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"88","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350755,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350754,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4009/report.pdf#page=93"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","city":"Beatty","otherGeospatial":"Amargosa Desert","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7040dae4b06e28e9cae50b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Dinwiddie, G.A.","contributorId":49798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinwiddie","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726087,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trask, N.J.","contributorId":31729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trask","given":"N.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726088,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Fischer, Jeffrey M. 0000-0003-2996-9272 fischer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2996-9272","contributorId":573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"Jeffrey M.","email":"fischer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":726085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, William D.","contributorId":98296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"William D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27239,"text":"wri854159 - 1986 - Geohydrology of the Lloyd aquifer, Long Island, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-10T21:27:20.297898","indexId":"wri854159","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4159","title":"Geohydrology of the Lloyd aquifer, Long Island, New York","docAbstract":"

The Lloyd aquifer contains only about 9% of the water stored in Long Island 's groundwater system but is the only source of potable water for several communities near the north and south shores. The Lloyd aquifer is virtually untapped throughout most of central Long Island because current legal restrictions permit its use only in coastal areas. The upper surface of the Lloyd aquifer ranges in depth from 100 ft below land surface on the north shore to more than 1,500 ft on the south shore. Aquifer thickness increases southward from 50 ft to about 500 ft. Transmissivity ranges from 1,500 to 19,000 sq ft/day. All recharge (35 to 40 mil gal/day) and nearly all discharge is through the overlying confining unit. Nearly all of the pumpage (approximately 20 mil gal/day) is in Queens and along the north and south shores of Nassau County. Potable water can be obtained on most of Long Island in larger quantities and at shallower depths from other aquifers than from the Lloyd. Local contamination of these other aquifers, however, may require at least temporary withdrawals from the Lloyd in noncoastal areas. Significant withdrawals from the Lloyd aquifer may lower the potentiometric surface and thereby induce landward movement of sea water into the aquifer in coastal areas. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854159","usgsCitation":"Garber, M.S., 1986, Geohydrology of the Lloyd aquifer, Long Island, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4159, iv, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854159.","productDescription":"iv, 36 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":415547,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36316.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":123386,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4159/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56103,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4159/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Lloyd aquifer, Long Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.51130360165777,\n 41.04897322161665\n ],\n [\n -74.05971240699634,\n 41.04897322161665\n ],\n [\n -74.05971240699634,\n 40.51344467382111\n ],\n [\n -72.51130360165777,\n 40.51344467382111\n ],\n [\n -72.51130360165777,\n 41.04897322161665\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a894a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garber, M. S.","contributorId":6433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garber","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014575,"text":"70014575 - 1986 - Water solubility enhancement of some organic pollutants and pesticides by dissolved humic and fulvic acids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-18T11:15:39","indexId":"70014575","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water solubility enhancement of some organic pollutants and pesticides by dissolved humic and fulvic acids","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es00147a010","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Chiou, C.T., Malcolm, R.L., Brinton, T.I., and Kile, D.E., 1986, Water solubility enhancement of some organic pollutants and pesticides by dissolved humic and fulvic acids: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 20, no. 5, p. 502-508, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00147a010.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"502","endPage":"508","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225454,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcc72e4b08c986b32db54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chiou, Cary T. 0000-0002-8743-0702","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8743-0702","contributorId":189558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiou","given":"Cary","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Malcolm, Ronald L.","contributorId":97500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malcolm","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brinton, Terry I.","contributorId":46986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brinton","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kile, Daniel E. dekile@usgs.gov","contributorId":1286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kile","given":"Daniel","email":"dekile@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}