{"pageNumber":"199","pageRowStart":"4950","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10466,"records":[{"id":70035778,"text":"70035778 - 2011 - Perceptions of strengths and deficiencies: Disconnects between graduate students and prospective employers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-10T19:30:35.098636","indexId":"70035778","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Perceptions of strengths and deficiencies: Disconnects between graduate students and prospective employers","docAbstract":"<p><span>The US Botanical Capacity Assessment Project (BCAP) was initiated as a first step to gauge the nation's collective ability to meet the environmental challenges of the 21st century. The project, in which the authors of this article are involved, specifically aimed to identify multisector contributions to and gaps in botanical capacity in order to develop growth opportunities to address research and management problems. One of the primary gaps revealed by the BCAP surveys was that the skills graduate students identified as their greatest strengths closely matched the areas future employers (government and private sectors) identified as needing greatest improvement. Although our survey focused on only one discipline (botany), we suspect that the results are applicable throughout the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics disciplines. We suggest that it is critical for university faculty and administrators to team with professionals from government, nonprofit, and for-profit organizations to identify critical and desired knowledge and skill sets and implement the necessary curriculum changes to provide graduates with the tools they need.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1525/bio.2011.61.2.8","issn":"00063568","usgsCitation":"Sundberg, M., Deangelis, P., Havens, K., Holsinger, K., Kennedy, K., Kramer, A., Muir, R., Olwell, P., Schierenbeck, K., Stritch, L., and Zorn-Arnold, B., 2011, Perceptions of strengths and deficiencies: Disconnects between graduate students and prospective employers: BioScience, v. 61, no. 2, p. 133-138, https://doi.org/10.1525/bio.2011.61.2.8.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"133","endPage":"138","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244302,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216432,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1525/bio.2011.61.2.8"}],"volume":"61","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a766de4b0c8380cd780e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sundberg, M.D.","contributorId":11445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sundberg","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Deangelis, P.","contributorId":17849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deangelis","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Havens, K.","contributorId":65691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Havens","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holsinger, K.","contributorId":47999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holsinger","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kennedy, K.","contributorId":62858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kramer, A.T.","contributorId":57293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kramer","given":"A.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Muir, R.","contributorId":83357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muir","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Olwell, Peggy","contributorId":39609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olwell","given":"Peggy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Schierenbeck, K.","contributorId":51574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schierenbeck","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Stritch, L.","contributorId":28827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stritch","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Zorn-Arnold, B.","contributorId":11446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zorn-Arnold","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70035587,"text":"70035587 - 2011 - Epistemic uncertainty in the location and magnitude of earthquakes in Italy from Macroseismic data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-17T19:54:59","indexId":"70035587","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Epistemic uncertainty in the location and magnitude of earthquakes in Italy from Macroseismic data","docAbstract":"Three independent techniques (Bakun and Wentworth, 1997; Boxer from Gasperini et al., 1999; and Macroseismic Estimation of Earthquake Parameters [MEEP; see Data and Resources section, deliverable D3] from R.M.W. Musson and M.J. Jimenez) have been proposed for estimating an earthquake location and magnitude from intensity data alone. The locations and magnitudes obtained for a given set of intensity data are almost always different, and no one technique is consistently best at matching instrumental locations and magnitudes of recent well-recorded earthquakes in Italy. Rather than attempting to select one of the three solutions as best, we use all three techniques to estimate the location and the magnitude and the epistemic uncertainties among them. The estimates are calculated using bootstrap resampled data sets with Monte Carlo sampling of a decision tree. The decision-tree branch weights are based on goodness-of-fit measures of location and magnitude for recent earthquakes. The location estimates are based on the spatial distribution of locations calculated from the bootstrap resampled data. The preferred source location is the locus of the maximum bootstrap location spatial density. The location uncertainty is obtained from contours of the bootstrap spatial density: 68% of the bootstrap locations are within the 68% confidence region, and so on. For large earthquakes, our preferred location is not associated with the epicenter but with a location on the extended rupture surface. For small earthquakes, the epicenters are generally consistent with the location uncertainties inferred from the intensity data if an epicenter inaccuracy of 2-3 km is allowed. The preferred magnitude is the median of the distribution of bootstrap magnitudes. As with location uncertainties, the uncertainties in magnitude are obtained from the distribution of bootstrap magnitudes: the bounds of the 68% uncertainty range enclose 68% of the bootstrap magnitudes, and so on. The instrumental magnitudes for large and small earthquakes are generally consistent with the confidence intervals inferred from the distribution of bootstrap resampled magnitudes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA","doi":"10.1785/0120110118","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Bakun, W.H., Gomez, C.A., and Stucchi, M., 2011, Epistemic uncertainty in the location and magnitude of earthquakes in Italy from Macroseismic data: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 101, no. 6, p. 2712-2725, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120110118.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2712","endPage":"2725","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":216041,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120110118"},{"id":243880,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Italy","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 6.63,35.29 ], [ 6.63,47.09 ], [ 18.78,47.09 ], [ 18.78,35.29 ], [ 6.63,35.29 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"101","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-12-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a16e4b0c8380cd521cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bakun, W. H.","contributorId":67055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bakun","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gomez, Capera A.","contributorId":87390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomez","given":"Capera","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stucchi, M.","contributorId":8695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stucchi","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035088,"text":"70035088 - 2011 - Glacial flour dust storms in the Gulf of Alaska: hydrologic and meteorological controls and their importance as a source of bioavailable iron","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-02T21:30:12","indexId":"70035088","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Glacial flour dust storms in the Gulf of Alaska: hydrologic and meteorological controls and their importance as a source of bioavailable iron","docAbstract":"Iron is an essential micronutrient that limits primary productivity in much of the ocean, including the Gulf of Alaska (GoA). However, the processes that transport iron to the ocean surface are poorly quantified. We combine satellite and meteorological data to provide the first description of widespread dust transport from coastal Alaska into the GoA. Dust is frequently transported from glacially-derived sediment at the mouths of several rivers, the most prominent of which is the Copper River. These dust events occur most frequently in autumn, when coastal river levels are low and riverbed sediments are exposed. The dust plumes are transported several hundred kilometers beyond the continental shelf into iron-limited waters. We estimate the mass of dust transported from the Copper River valley during one 2006 dust event to be between 25–80 ktons. Based on conservative estimates, this equates to a soluble iron loading of 30–200 tons. We suggest the soluble Fe flux from dust originating in glaciofluvial sediment deposits from the entire GoA coastline is two to three times larger, and is comparable to the annual Fe flux to GoA surface waters from eddies of coastal origin. Given that glaciers are retreating in the coastal GoA region and in other locations, it is important to examine whether fluxes of dust are increasing from glacierized landscapes to the ocean, and to assess the impact of associated Fe on marine ecosystems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2010GL046573","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Crusius, J., Schroth, A., Gasso, S., Moy, C., Levy, R., and Gatica, M., 2011, Glacial flour dust storms in the Gulf of Alaska: hydrologic and meteorological controls and their importance as a source of bioavailable iron: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 38, no. 6, L06602, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL046573.","productDescription":"L06602","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487246,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010gl046573","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243288,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215480,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010GL046573"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -170.5,47.0 ], [ -170.5,61.7 ], [ -123.6,61.7 ], [ -123.6,47.0 ], [ -170.5,47.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"38","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2901e4b0c8380cd5a5dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crusius, John 0000-0003-2554-0831 jcrusius@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2554-0831","contributorId":2155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crusius","given":"John","email":"jcrusius@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":449237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schroth, A.W.","contributorId":79707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroth","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gasso, S.","contributorId":28447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gasso","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moy, C.M.","contributorId":81328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moy","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Levy, R.C.","contributorId":11435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levy","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gatica, M.","contributorId":24191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gatica","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70034632,"text":"70034632 - 2011 - A natural experiment on the condition-dependence of achromatic plumage reflectance in black-capped chickadees","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T15:10:35","indexId":"70034632","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A natural experiment on the condition-dependence of achromatic plumage reflectance in black-capped chickadees","docAbstract":"Honest advertisement models posit that only individuals in good health can produce and/or maintain ornamental traits. Even though disease has profound effects on condition, few studies have experimentally tested its effects on trait expression and even fewer have identified a mechanistic basis for these effects. Recent evidence suggests that black and white, but not grey, plumage colors of black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) are sexually selected. We therefore hypothesized that birds afflicted with avian keratin disorder, a condition that affects the beak and other keratinized tissues, would show reduced expression of black and white, but not grey, color. UV-vis spectrometry of black-capped chickadees affected and unaffected by avian keratin disorder revealed spectral differences between them consistent with this hypothesis. To elucidate the mechanistic bases of these differences, we used scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and a feather cleaning experiment. SEM showed extreme feather soiling in affected birds, and EDX revealed that this was most likely from external sources. Experimentally cleaning the feathers increased color expression of ornamental feathers of affected, but not unaffected, birds. These data provide strong evidence that black and white color is an honest indicator in chickadees, and that variation in feather dirtiness, likely due to differences in preening behavior is a mechanism for this association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0025877","issn":"19326203","usgsCitation":"D'Alba, L., Van Hemert, C.R., Handel, C.M., and Shawkey, M., 2011, A natural experiment on the condition-dependence of achromatic plumage reflectance in black-capped chickadees: PLoS ONE, v. 6, no. 10, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025877.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475404,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025877","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243513,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215692,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025877"}],"volume":"6","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e494e4b0c8380cd4673b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"D'Alba, L.","contributorId":9079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D'Alba","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Hemert, Caroline R. 0000-0002-6858-7165 cvanhemert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6858-7165","contributorId":3592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Hemert","given":"Caroline","email":"cvanhemert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Handel, Colleen M. 0000-0002-0267-7408 cmhandel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-7408","contributorId":3067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handel","given":"Colleen","email":"cmhandel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shawkey, M.D.","contributorId":97731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shawkey","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034584,"text":"70034584 - 2011 - Projected evolution of California's San Francisco bay-delta-river system in a century of climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-11T12:15:17","indexId":"70034584","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Projected evolution of California's San Francisco bay-delta-river system in a century of climate change","docAbstract":"Background: Accumulating evidence shows that the planet is warming as a response to human emissions of greenhouse gases. Strategies of adaptation to climate change will require quantitative projections of how altered regional patterns of temperature, precipitation and sea level could cascade to provoke local impacts such as modified water supplies, increasing risks of coastal flooding, and growing challenges to sustainability of native species. Methodology/Principal Findings: We linked a series of models to investigate responses of California's San Francisco Estuary-Watershed (SFEW) system to two contrasting scenarios of climate change. Model outputs for scenarios of fast and moderate warming are presented as 2010-2099 projections of nine indicators of changing climate, hydrology and habitat quality. Trends of these indicators measure rates of: increasing air and water temperatures, salinity and sea level; decreasing precipitation, runoff, snowmelt contribution to runoff, and suspended sediment concentrations; and increasing frequency of extreme environmental conditions such as water temperatures and sea level beyond the ranges of historical observations. Conclusions/Significance: Most of these environmental indicators change substantially over the 21st century, and many would present challenges to natural and managed systems. Adaptations to these changes will require flexible planning to cope with growing risks to humans and the challenges of meeting demands for fresh water and sustaining native biota. Programs of ecosystem rehabilitation and biodiversity conservation in coastal landscapes will be most likely to meet their objectives if they are designed from considerations that include: (1) an integrated perspective that river-estuary systems are influenced by effects of climate change operating on both watersheds and oceans; (2) varying sensitivity among environmental indicators to the uncertainty of future climates; (3) inevitability of biological community changes as responses to cumulative effects of climate change and other drivers of habitat transformations; and (4) anticipation and adaptation to the growing probability of ecosystem regime shifts.","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0024465","issn":"19326203","usgsCitation":"Cloern, J.E., Knowles, N., Brown, L.R., Cayan, D.R., Dettinger, M., Morgan, T., Schoellhamer, D., Stacey, M., Van der Wegen, M., Wagner, R., and Jassby, A.D., 2011, Projected evolution of California's San Francisco bay-delta-river system in a century of climate change: PLoS ONE, v. 6, no. 9, e24465, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0024465.","productDescription":"e24465, 13 p.","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487226,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0024465","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243755,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.09631347656249,\n              37.391981943533544\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.87683105468749,\n              37.391981943533544\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.87683105468749,\n              38.302869955150044\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.09631347656249,\n              38.302869955150044\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.09631347656249,\n              37.391981943533544\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8ef7e4b0c8380cd7f4c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cloern, James E. 0000-0002-5880-6862 jecloern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5880-6862","contributorId":1488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"James","email":"jecloern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knowles, Noah 0000-0001-5652-1049 nknowles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5652-1049","contributorId":1380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knowles","given":"Noah","email":"nknowles@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cayan, Daniel R. 0000-0002-2719-6811 drcayan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2719-6811","contributorId":1494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cayan","given":"Daniel","email":"drcayan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dettinger, Michael D. 0000-0002-7509-7332 mddettin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":146383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Michael D.","email":"mddettin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Morgan, Tara L. 0000-0001-5632-5232","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5632-5232","contributorId":29124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"Tara L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stacey, Mark T.","contributorId":13367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stacey","given":"Mark T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Van der Wegen, Mick","contributorId":191095,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van der Wegen","given":"Mick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wagner, R.W.","contributorId":48784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Jassby, Alan D.","contributorId":66403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jassby","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70034522,"text":"70034522 - 2011 - Time-lapse three-dimensional inversion of complex conductivity data using an active time constrained (ATC) approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-19T16:04:54.788454","indexId":"70034522","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Time-lapse three-dimensional inversion of complex conductivity data using an active time constrained (ATC) approach","docAbstract":"<p><span>Induced polarization (more precisely the magnitude and phase of impedance of the subsurface) is measured using a network of electrodes located at the ground surface or in boreholes. This method yields important information related to the distribution of permeability and contaminants in the shallow subsurface. We propose a new time-lapse 3-D modelling and inversion algorithm to image the evolution of complex conductivity over time. We discretize the subsurface using hexahedron cells. Each cell is assigned a complex resistivity or conductivity value. Using the finite-element approach, we model the in-phase and out-of-phase (quadrature) electrical potentials on the 3-D grid, which are then transformed into apparent complex resistivity. Inhomogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions are used at the boundary of the domain. The calculation of the Jacobian matrix is based on the principles of reciprocity. The goal of time-lapse inversion is to determine the change in the complex resistivity of each cell of the spatial grid as a function of time. Each model along the time axis is called a ‘reference space model’. This approach can be simplified into an inverse problem looking for the optimum of several reference space models using the approximation that the material properties vary linearly in time between two subsequent reference models. Regularizations in both space domain and time domain reduce inversion artefacts and improve the stability of the inversion problem. In addition, the use of the time-lapse equations allows the simultaneous inversion of data obtained at different times in just one inversion step (4-D inversion). The advantages of this new inversion algorithm are demonstrated on synthetic time-lapse data resulting from the simulation of a salt tracer test in a heterogeneous random material described by an anisotropic semi-variogram.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05156.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Karaoulis, M., Revil, A., Werkema, D., Minsley, B., Woodruff, W., and Kemna, A., 2011, Time-lapse three-dimensional inversion of complex conductivity data using an active time constrained (ATC) approach: Geophysical Journal International, v. 187, no. 1, p. 237-251, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05156.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"251","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475212,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://insu.hal.science/insu-00680765","text":"External Repository"},{"id":243812,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215974,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05156.x"}],"volume":"187","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb3c8e4b08c986b325fc2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karaoulis, M.","contributorId":77762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karaoulis","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Revil, A.","contributorId":49627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Revil","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Werkema, D.D.","contributorId":60021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Werkema","given":"D.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Minsley, B. J.","contributorId":52107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minsley","given":"B. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Woodruff, W.F.","contributorId":49628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodruff","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kemna, A.","contributorId":72223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kemna","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70035119,"text":"70035119 - 2011 - Monitoring landscape change for LANDFIRE using multi-temporal satellite imagery and ancillary data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-18T13:20:59","indexId":"70035119","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1942,"text":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring landscape change for LANDFIRE using multi-temporal satellite imagery and ancillary data","docAbstract":"LANDFIRE is a large interagency project designed to provide nationwide spatial data for fire management applications. As part of the effort, many 2000 vintage Landsat Thematic Mapper and Enhanced Thematic Mapper plus data sets were used in conjunction with a large volume of field information to generate detailed vegetation type and structure data sets for the entire United States. In order to keep these data sets current and relevant to resource managers, there was strong need to develop an approach for updating these products. We are using three different approaches for these purposes. These include: 1) updating using Landsat-derived historic and current fire burn information derived from the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity project; 2) incorporating vegetation disturbance information derived from time series Landsat data analysis using the Vegetation Change Tracker; and 3) developing data products that capture subtle intra-state disturbance such as those related to insects and disease using either Landsat or the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). While no one single approach provides all of the land cover change and update information required, we believe that a combination of all three captures most of the disturbance conditions taking place that have relevance to the fire community.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1109/JSTARS.2010.2044478","usgsCitation":"Vogelmann, J., Kost, J.R., Tolk, B., Howard, S.M., Short, K., Chen, X., Huang, C., Pabst, K., and Rollins, M.G., 2011, Monitoring landscape change for LANDFIRE using multi-temporal satellite imagery and ancillary data: IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, v. 4, no. 2, p. 252-264, https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2010.2044478.","startPage":"252","endPage":"264","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475055,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.473.2217","text":"External Repository"},{"id":215417,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2010.2044478"},{"id":243223,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5dbae4b0c8380cd7056f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vogelmann, James E. 0000-0002-0804-5823 vogel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-5823","contributorId":649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogelmann","given":"James E.","email":"vogel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":449369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kost, Jay R. jkost@usgs.gov","contributorId":3931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kost","given":"Jay","email":"jkost@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":449371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tolk, Brian 0000-0002-9060-0266","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9060-0266","contributorId":62426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tolk","given":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Howard, Stephen M. 0000-0001-5255-5882 smhoward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5255-5882","contributorId":3483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Stephen","email":"smhoward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":449370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Short, Karen","contributorId":33940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Short","given":"Karen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chen, Xuexia","contributorId":14213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Xuexia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Huang, Chengquan","contributorId":25378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"Chengquan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Pabst, Kari","contributorId":12284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pabst","given":"Kari","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rollins, Matthew G.","contributorId":54695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rollins","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70032514,"text":"70032514 - 2011 - Pseudospectral modeling and dispersion analysis of Rayleigh waves in viscoelastic media","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:21","indexId":"70032514","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3418,"text":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pseudospectral modeling and dispersion analysis of Rayleigh waves in viscoelastic media","docAbstract":"Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) is one of the most widely used techniques in environmental and engineering geophysics to determine shear-wave velocities and dynamic properties, which is based on the elastic layered system theory. Wave propagation in the Earth, however, has been recognized as viscoelastic and the propagation of Rayleigh waves presents substantial differences in viscoelastic media as compared with elastic media. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out numerical simulation and dispersion analysis of Rayleigh waves in viscoelastic media to better understand Rayleigh-wave behaviors in the real world. We apply a pseudospectral method to the calculation of the spatial derivatives using a Chebyshev difference operator in the vertical direction and a Fourier difference operator in the horizontal direction based on the velocity-stress elastodynamic equations and relations of linear viscoelastic solids. This approach stretches the spatial discrete grid to have a minimum grid size near the free surface so that high accuracy and resolution are achieved at the free surface, which allows an effective incorporation of the free surface boundary conditions since the Chebyshev method is nonperiodic. We first use an elastic homogeneous half-space model to demonstrate the accuracy of the pseudospectral method comparing with the analytical solution, and verify the correctness of the numerical modeling results for a viscoelastic half-space comparing the phase velocities of Rayleigh wave between the theoretical values and the dispersive image generated by high-resolution linear Radon transform. We then simulate three types of two-layer models to analyze dispersive-energy characteristics for near-surface applications. Results demonstrate that the phase velocity of Rayleigh waves in viscoelastic media is relatively higher than in elastic media and the fundamental mode increases by 10-16% when the frequency is above 10. Hz due to the velocity dispersion of P and S waves. ?? 2011 Elsevier Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2011.05.004","issn":"02677261","usgsCitation":"Zhang, K., Luo, Y., Xia, J., and Chen, C., 2011, Pseudospectral modeling and dispersion analysis of Rayleigh waves in viscoelastic media: Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, v. 31, no. 10, p. 1332-1337, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2011.05.004.","startPage":"1332","endPage":"1337","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213723,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2011.05.004"},{"id":241378,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8fc5e4b0c8380cd7f961","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, K.","contributorId":71724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luo, Y.","contributorId":28417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luo","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Xia, J.","contributorId":63513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chen, C.","contributorId":98490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035175,"text":"70035175 - 2011 - Why do some, but not all, tropical birds migrate? A comparative study of diet breadth and fruit preference","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-26T13:06:10.869905","indexId":"70035175","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1603,"text":"Evolutionary Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Why do some, but not all, tropical birds migrate? A comparative study of diet breadth and fruit preference","docAbstract":"<p><span>Annual migrations of birds profoundly influence terrestrial communities. However, few empirical studies examine why birds migrate, in part due to the difficulty of testing causal hypotheses in long-distance migration systems. Short-distance altitudinal migrations provide relatively tractable systems in which to test explanations for migration. Many past studies explain tropical altitudinal migration as a response to spatial and temporal variation in fruit availability. Yet this hypothesis fails to explain why some coexisting, closely-related frugivorous birds remain resident year-round. We take a mechanistic approach by proposing and evaluating two hypotheses (one based on competitive exclusion and the other based on differences in dietary specialization) to explain why some, but not all, tropical frugivores migrate. We tested predictions of these hypotheses by comparing diets, fruit preferences, and the relationships between diet and preference in closely-related pairs of migrant and resident species. Fecal samples and experimental choice trials revealed that sympatric migrants and residents differed in both their diets and fruit preferences. Migrants consumed a greater diversity of fruits and fewer arthropods than did their resident counterparts. Migrants also tended to have slightly stronger fruit preferences than residents. Most critically, diets of migrants more closely matched their preferences than did the diets of residents. These results suggest that migrants may be competitively superior foragers for fruit compared to residents (rather than vice versa), implying that current competitive interactions are unlikely to explain variation in migratory behavior among coexisting frugivores. We found some support for the&nbsp;</span><i>dietary specialization</i><span>&nbsp;hypothesis, propose refinements to the mechanism underlying this hypothesis, and discuss how dietary specialization might ultimately reflect past interspecific competition. We recommend that future studies quantify variation in nutritional content of tropical fruits, and determine whether frugivory is a consequence or a cause of migratory behaviour.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s10682-010-9403-4","issn":"02697653","usgsCitation":"Boyle, W., Conway, C.J., and Bronstein, J.L., 2011, Why do some, but not all, tropical birds migrate? A comparative study of diet breadth and fruit preference: Evolutionary Ecology, v. 25, no. 1, p. 219-236, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-010-9403-4.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"219","endPage":"236","ipdsId":"IP-019206","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243128,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd0a0e4b08c986b32ef81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boyle, W.A.","contributorId":101905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyle","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conway, Courtney J. 0000-0003-0492-2953 cconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0492-2953","contributorId":2951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Courtney","email":"cconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":449595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bronstein, Judith L.","contributorId":66084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bronstein","given":"Judith","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70236119,"text":"70236119 - 2011 - Mechanical analysis of fault slip data: Implications for paleostress analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-29T16:54:23.081727","indexId":"70236119","displayToPublicDate":"2010-12-10T11:49:30","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2468,"text":"Journal of Structural Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mechanical analysis of fault slip data: Implications for paleostress analysis","docAbstract":"<p><span>Stress inversions are a useful and popular tool for structural geologist and seismologist alike. These methods were first introduced by&nbsp;</span>Wallace (1951)<span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span>Bott (1959)<span>&nbsp;and subsequent studies continue to be based on their assumptions: the remote&nbsp;stress tensor&nbsp;is spatially uniform for the rock mass containing the faults and temporally constant over the history of faulting in that region, and the slip on each fault surface has the same direction and sense as the maximum shear stress resolved on that surface from the remote stress tensor. Furthermore, successful implementation requires that slip accumulates on faults of diverse orientation. Many studies employ these methods on isolated faults or on fault systems with limited ranges of orientations, which can lead to erroneous results. We propose a new method that incorporates the effects of mechanical interaction of the entire fault or fault system, and solves the complete mechanical problem rather than employing empirical relationships between slip and stress or strain (or strain rate). The method requires knowledge of the&nbsp;fault geometry&nbsp;and information on at least one slip vector component along portions of the known fault geometry. For example, if throw is known, the strike-slip component can be solved for. We test the method using a single synthetic fault with anisotropic roughness similar to that measured at fault outcrops. While the orientation of remote stress may be determined precisely, the lack of diverse fault orientations introduces a systematic error in the remote stress ratio. We further test the effect of diversity of fault orientations and find that Wallace–Bott type inversions do not perform as well for limited ranges of orientations when compared to the proposed method. Finally, we use published data from the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquake, and find that the method using surface data only, and surface data with subsurface&nbsp;focal mechanisms, produce similar results. The resulting stress orientations are in good agreement with results from Wallace–Bott inversions. Furthermore, the slip distribution is in general agreement with kinematic slip inversions using coseismic surface deformation. Stress inversion methods using fault slip data can thus be improved upon, significantly in some cases, by solving a mechanical&nbsp;boundary value problem&nbsp;that takes into account the geometry of faults or fault systems. As a bonus, the solution provides the stress, strain, and displacement fields throughout the region and the slip distributions on the faults.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jsg.2010.12.004","usgsCitation":"Kaven, J., Maerten, F., and Pollard, D.D., 2011, Mechanical analysis of fault slip data: Implications for paleostress analysis: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 33, no. 2, p. 78-91, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2010.12.004.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"78","endPage":"91","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":405805,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kaven, J. Ole 0000-0003-2625-2786 okaven@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2625-2786","contributorId":3993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaven","given":"J. Ole","email":"okaven@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":850138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maerten, F.","contributorId":295915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maerten","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":850139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pollard, D. D.","contributorId":72914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollard","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":850140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70230193,"text":"70230193 - 2010 - Highly variable acquisition rates of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) by birds on an Atlantic barrier island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-04T15:39:14.088515","indexId":"70230193","displayToPublicDate":"2022-04-04T10:30:06","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2385,"text":"Journal of Medical Entomology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Highly variable acquisition rates of <i>Ixodes scapularis</i> (Acari: Ixodidae) by birds on an Atlantic barrier island","title":"Highly variable acquisition rates of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) by birds on an Atlantic barrier island","docAbstract":"<p><span>Acquisition of ticks by bird hosts is a central process in the transmission cycles of many tick-borne zoonoses, but tick recruitment by birds has received little direct study. We documented acquisition of&nbsp;</span><i>Ixodes scapularis</i><span>&nbsp;Say on birds at Fire Island, NY, by removing ticks from mist-netted birds, and recording the number of ticks on birds recaptured within 4 d of release. Eight bird species acquired at least 0.8 ticks bird</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;day</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;during the seasonal peak for at least one age class of&nbsp;</span><i>I. scapularis</i><span>. Gray Catbirds, Eastern Towhees, Common Yellowthroats, and Northern Waterthrushes collectively accounted for 83% of all tick acquisitions; and six individuals apportioned among Black-billed Cuckoo, Gray Catbird, Eastern Towhee, and Common Yellowthroat were simultaneously infested with both larvae and nymphs. Bird species with the highest acquisition rates were generally ground foragers, whereas birds that did not acquire ticks in our samples generally foraged above the ground. Tick acquisition by birds did not differ between deciduous and coniferous forests. Among the 15 bird species with the highest recruitment rates, acquisition of nymphs was not correlated with acquisition of larvae. Tick acquisition rates by individual bird species were not correlated with the reservoir competence of those species for Lyme borreliae. However, birds with high tick acquisition rates can contribute large numbers of infected ticks, and thus help maintain the enzootic cycle, even if their levels of reservoir competence are relatively low.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1603/ME10086","usgsCitation":"Mitra, S.S., Buckley, P.A., Buckley, F.G., and Ginsberg, H., 2010, Highly variable acquisition rates of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) by birds on an Atlantic barrier island: Journal of Medical Entomology, v. 47, no. 6, p. 1019-1027, https://doi.org/10.1603/ME10086.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1019","endPage":"1027","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475451,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1603/me10086","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":398013,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Fire Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.31314086914062,\n              40.61551614707256\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.13667297363281,\n              40.640530464129945\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.0323028564453,\n              40.66918118282895\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.89634704589844,\n              40.72176227543699\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.90596008300781,\n              40.727486422997785\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.99179077148438,\n              40.69677841595902\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.09341430664062,\n              40.66605624777337\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.17855834960938,\n              40.643656594948524\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.20259094238281,\n              40.643656594948524\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.24653625488281,\n              40.63219339951101\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.27949523925781,\n              40.628024476792746\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.31863403320312,\n              40.63115119323159\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.31314086914062,\n              40.61551614707256\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mitra, S. S.","contributorId":56344,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitra","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buckley, P. A.","contributorId":69264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckley","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buckley, F. G.","contributorId":73319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckley","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ginsberg, H. S. 0000-0002-4933-2466","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4933-2466","contributorId":27576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ginsberg","given":"H. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70208555,"text":"70208555 - 2010 - A spectral index for estimating soil salinity in the Yellow River Delta region of China using EO-1 Hyperion data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-20T10:02:05","indexId":"70208555","displayToPublicDate":"2020-02-14T15:11:13","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3025,"text":"Pedosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A spectral index for estimating soil salinity in the Yellow River Delta region of China using EO-1 Hyperion data","docAbstract":"<p><span>Soil salinization is one of the most common land degradation processes. In this study, spectral measurements of saline soil samples collected from the Yellow River Delta region of China were conducted in laboratory and hyperspectral data were acquired from an EO-1 Hyperion sensor to quantitatively map soil salinity in the region. A soil salinity spectral index (SSI) was constructed from continuum-removed reflectance (CR-reflectance) at 2 052 and 2 203 nm, to analyze the spectral absorption features of the salt-affected soils. There existed a strong correlation (</span><i>r</i><span>&nbsp;=0.91) between the SSI and soil salt content (SSC). Then, a model for estimation of SSC with SSI was established using univariate regression and validation of the model yielded a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.986 and an&nbsp;</span><i>R</i><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;of 0.873. The model was applied to a Hyperion reflectance image on a pixel-by-pixel basis and the resulting quantitative salinity map was validated successfully with RMSE = 1.921 and&nbsp;</span><i>R</i><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;=0.627. These suggested that the satellite hyperspectral data had the potential for predicting SSC in a large area.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1002-0160(10)60027-6","usgsCitation":"Weng, Y., Gong, P., and Zhu, Z., 2010, A spectral index for estimating soil salinity in the Yellow River Delta region of China using EO-1 Hyperion data: Pedosphere, v. 27, no. 3, p. 378-388, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(10)60027-6.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"378","endPage":"388","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":372368,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Yellow River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              118.73748779296875,\n              38.190704293996504\n            ],\n            [\n              118.49029541015625,\n              37.37015718405753\n            ],\n            [\n              118.75671386718749,\n              37.28279464911045\n            ],\n            [\n              119.02587890624999,\n              38.10646650598286\n            ],\n            [\n              118.73748779296875,\n              38.190704293996504\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weng, Yongling","contributorId":64767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weng","given":"Yongling","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":782455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gong, Peng","contributorId":169732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gong","given":"Peng","affiliations":[{"id":25576,"text":"Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA 94720","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":782456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhu, Zhiliang 0000-0002-6860-6936 zzhu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-6936","contributorId":150078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhiliang","email":"zzhu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":782457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70203109,"text":"70203109 - 2010 - A new parameterization for estimating co‐occurrence of interacting species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-17T12:51:49","indexId":"70203109","displayToPublicDate":"2019-04-22T07:19:05","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A new parameterization for estimating co‐occurrence of interacting species","docAbstract":"<p>Models currently used to estimate patterns of species co‐occurrence while accounting for errors in detection of species can be difficult to fit when the effects of covariates on species occurrence probabilities are included. The source of the estimation problems is the particular parameterization used to specify species co‐occurrence probability. We develop a new parameterization for estimating patterns of co‐occurrence of interacting species that allows the effects of covariates to be specified quite naturally without estimation problems. In our model, the occurrence of one species is assumed to depend on the occurrence of another, but the occurrence of the second species is not assumed to depend on the presence of the first species. This pattern of co‐occurrence, wherein one species is dominant and the other is subordinate, can be produced by several types of ecological interactions (predator–prey, parasitism, and so on).</p><p>A simulation study demonstrated that estimates of species occurrence probabilities were unbiased in samples of 50–100 locations and three surveys per location, provided species are easily detected (probability of detection ≥ 0.5). Higher sample sizes (&gt;200 locations) are needed to achieve unbiasedness when species are more difficult to detect. An analysis of data from treefrog surveys in southern Florida indicated that the occurrence of Cuban treefrogs, an invasive predator species, was highest near the point of its introduction and declined with distance from that location. Sites occupied by Cuban treefrogs were 9.0 times less likely to contain green treefrogs and 15.7 times less likely to contain squirrel treefrogs compared to sites without Cuban treefrogs. The detection probabilities of native treefrog species did not depend on the presence of Cuban treefrogs, suggesting that the native treefrog species are naive to the introduced species.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/09-0850.1","usgsCitation":"Waddle, J.H., Dorazio, R., Walls, S.C., Rice, K.G., Beauchamp, J., Schuman, M., and Mazzotti, F., 2010, A new parameterization for estimating co‐occurrence of interacting species: Ecological Applications, v. 20, no. 5, p. 1467-1475, https://doi.org/10.1890/09-0850.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1467","endPage":"1475","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":363092,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waddle, J. Hardin 0000-0003-1940-2133 waddleh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1940-2133","contributorId":138953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddle","given":"J.","email":"waddleh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Hardin","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dorazio, Robert M. bob_dorazio@usgs.gov","contributorId":140635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorazio","given":"Robert M.","email":"bob_dorazio@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":761212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walls, Susan C. 0000-0001-7391-9155 swalls@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-9155","contributorId":138952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walls","given":"Susan","email":"swalls@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rice, Kenneth G. 0000-0001-8282-1088 krice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8282-1088","contributorId":117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Kenneth","email":"krice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Beauchamp, Jeff","contributorId":175458,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beauchamp","given":"Jeff","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schuman, Melinda J.","contributorId":138955,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schuman","given":"Melinda J.","affiliations":[{"id":12592,"text":"Conservancy of Southwest Florida, Naples, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":761216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mazzotti, Frank J.","contributorId":90236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazzotti","given":"Frank J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70203108,"text":"70203108 - 2010 - High mangrove density enhances surface accretion, surface elevation change, and tree survival in coastal areas susceptible to sea-level rise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-17T13:45:15","indexId":"70203108","displayToPublicDate":"2019-04-22T07:16:16","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High mangrove density enhances surface accretion, surface elevation change, and tree survival in coastal areas susceptible to sea-level rise","docAbstract":"<p><span>Survival, growth, aboveground biomass accumulation, sediment surface elevation dynamics and nitrogen accumulation in sediments were studied in experimental treatments planted with four different densities (6.96, 3.26, 1.93 and 0.95 seedlings m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>) of the mangrove&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Rhizophora mucronata</i><span>&nbsp;in Puttalam Lagoon, Sri Lanka. Measurements were taken over a period of 1,171&nbsp;days and were compared with those from unplanted controls. Trees at the lowest density showed significantly reduced survival, whilst measures of individual tree growth did not differ among treatments. Rates of surface sediment accretion (means&nbsp;±&nbsp;SE) were 13.0 (±1.3), 10.5 (±0.9), 8.4 (±0.3), 6.9 (±0.5) and 5.7 (±0.3) mm&nbsp;year</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;at planting densities of 6.96, 3.26, 1.93, 0.95, and 0 (unplanted control) seedlings m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>, respectively, showing highly significant differences among treatments. Mean (±SE) rates of surface elevation change were much lower than rates of accretion at 2.8 (±0.2), 1.6 (±0.1), 1.1 (±0.2), 0.6 (±0.2) and −0.3 (±0.1) mm&nbsp;year</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;for 6.96, 3.26, 1.93, 0.95, and 0 seedlings m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>, respectively. All planted treatments accumulated greater nitrogen concentrations in the sediment compared to the unplanted control. Sediment %N was significantly different among densities which suggests one potential causal mechanism for the facilitatory effects observed: high densities of plants potentially contribute to the accretion of greater amounts of nutrient rich sediment. While this potential process needs further research, this study demonstrated how higher densities of mangroves enhance rates of sediment accretion and surface elevation processes that may be crucial in mangrove ecosystem adaptation to sea-level rise. There was no evidence that increasing plant density evoked a trade-off with growth and survival of the planted trees. Rather, facilitatory effects enhanced survival at high densities, suggesting that managers may be able to take advantage of high plantation densities to help mitigate sea-level rise effects by encouraging positive sediment surface elevation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/s00442-010-1705-2","issn":"1432-1939","usgsCitation":"Kumara, M., Jayatissa, L., Krauss, K., Phillips, D., and Huxham, M., 2010, High mangrove density enhances surface accretion, surface elevation change, and tree survival in coastal areas susceptible to sea-level rise: Oecologia, v. 164, no. 2, p. 545-553, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-010-1705-2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"545","endPage":"553","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":363091,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Sri Lanka","otherGeospatial":"Puttalam Lagoon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              79.64607238769531,\n              7.9239142029331\n            ],\n            [\n              79.92073059082031,\n              7.9239142029331\n            ],\n            [\n              79.92073059082031,\n              8.390865416667367\n            ],\n            [\n              79.64607238769531,\n              8.390865416667367\n            ],\n            [\n              79.64607238769531,\n              7.9239142029331\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"164","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kumara, M.P.","contributorId":178911,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kumara","given":"M.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jayatissa, L.P.","contributorId":178912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jayatissa","given":"L.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krauss, K. W. 0000-0003-2195-0729","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":19517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"K. W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Phillips, D.H.","contributorId":178910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Phillips","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Huxham, M.","contributorId":178913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huxham","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70004122,"text":"70004122 - 2010 - Mercury monitoring in fish using a non-lethal tissue biopsy method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T17:15:48","indexId":"70004122","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-10T05:30:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5761,"text":"Missouri Department of Conservation Science Notes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury monitoring in fish using a non-lethal tissue biopsy method","docAbstract":"<p>The occurrence of mercury in fish is well-known and often occurs at levels that warrant restricted consumption by sensitive human populations. Because of this, local wildlife and health agencies have developed monitoring programs to identify the magnitude of fish contamination and changes through time. Monitoring mercury levels in fish typically requires killing fish for removal of a fillet. Recently, researchers have proposed the use of a non-lethal tissue biopsy plug method as a surrogate for analysis of the entire fillet.</p>\n<p>A non-lethal method is particularly desirable for sampling rare or endangered fish or highly valued fisheries. The Missouri Department of Conservation manages several fisheries where the public is sensitive to excessive fish removal, yet there is a desire for mercury information. One such example is the trophy smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) fishery in the Ozark&rsquo;s Eleven Point River. Plug removal is not expected to affect fish survival in the shortterm. However, limited information is available on survival of fish for weeks or months after plug removal.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Missouri Department of Conservation","usgsCitation":"Ackerson, J., Schmitt, C.J., McKee, M.J., and Brumbaugh, W.G., 2010, Mercury monitoring in fish using a non-lethal tissue biopsy method: Missouri Department of Conservation Science Notes, v. 5, no. 14, 2 p.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-024513","costCenters":[{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310957,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Eleven Point River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -92.57080078125,\n              36.491973470593685\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.57080078125,\n              37.08585785263673\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.153564453125,\n              37.08585785263673\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.153564453125,\n              36.491973470593685\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.57080078125,\n              36.491973470593685\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56389759e4b0d6133fe72fcb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ackerson, J.","contributorId":116648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerson","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":512825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmitt, Christopher J. 0000-0001-6804-2360 cjschmitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6804-2360","contributorId":491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"Christopher","email":"cjschmitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKee, Michael J.","contributorId":115392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":512824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brumbaugh, William G. 0000-0003-0081-375X bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-375X","contributorId":493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"William","email":"bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70120779,"text":"70120779 - 2010 - The use of genetics for the management of a recovering population: temporal assessment of migratory peregrine falcons in North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T18:22:50","indexId":"70120779","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-18T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The use of genetics for the management of a recovering population: temporal assessment of migratory peregrine falcons in North America","docAbstract":"<p>Background:Our ability to monitor populations or species that were once threatened or endangered and in the process of recovery is enhanced by using genetic methods to assess overall population stability and size over time.  This can be accomplished most directly by obtaining genetic measures from temporally-spaced samples that reflect the overall stability of the population as given by changes in genetic diversity levels (allelic richness and heterozygosity), degree of population differentiation (F<sub>ST</sub> and D<sub>EST</sub>), and effective population size (N<sub>e</sub>).  The primary goal of any recovery effort is to produce a long-term self-sustaining population, and these measures provide a metric by which we can gauge our progress and help make important management decisions.</p>  \n<br>\n<p>Methodology/Principal Findings:The peregrine falcon in North America (<i>Falco peregrinus tundrius</i> and <i>anatum</i>) was delisted in 1994 and 1999, respectively, and its abundance will be monitored by the species Recovery Team every three years until 2015.  Although the United States Fish and Wildlife Service makes a distinction between <i>tundrius</i> and <i>anatum</i> subspecies, our genetic results based on eleven microsatellite loci, including those from Brown et al. (2007), suggest no differentiation and warrant delineation of a subspecies in its northern latitudinal distribution from Alaska through Canada into Greenland.  Using temporal samples collected at Padre Island, Texas during migration (seven temporal time periods between 1985-2007), no significant differences in genetic diversity or significant population differentiation in allele frequencies between time periods were observed and were indistinguishable from those obtained from <i>tundrius/anatum</i> breeding locations throughout their northern distribution.  Estimates of harmonic mean N<sub>e</sub> were variable and imprecise, but always greater than 500 when employing multiple temporal genetic methods.</p>\n<br>\n<p>These results, including those from simulations to assess the power of each method to estimate Ne, suggest a stable population consistent with data from field-based monitoring indicating that this species is stable or continuing to increase in abundance.  Therefore, historic and continuing efforts to prevent the extinction of the peregrine falcon in North America appear successful, further highlighting the importance of archiving samples for continual assessment of population recovery and long-term viability.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"publisher":"PloS ONE","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0014042","usgsCitation":"Johnson, J., Talbot, S.L., Sage, G.K., Burnham, K.K., Brown, J.W., Maechtle, T.L., Seegar, W.S., Yates, M.A., Anderson, B., and Mindell, D.P., 2010, The use of genetics for the management of a recovering population: temporal assessment of migratory peregrine falcons in North America: PLoS ONE, v. 5, no. 11, e14042; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0014042.","productDescription":"e14042; 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-022106","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475457,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0014042","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":292376,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292350,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0014042"}],"volume":"5","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f25ff3e4b033341871897a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Jeff A.","contributorId":107208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Jeff A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sage, George K. 0000-0003-1431-2286 ksage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-2286","contributorId":87833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sage","given":"George","email":"ksage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":498446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burnham, Kurt K.","contributorId":94221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnham","given":"Kurt","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brown, Joseph W.","contributorId":66179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Maechtle, Tom L.","contributorId":102804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maechtle","given":"Tom","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Seegar, William S.","contributorId":97013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seegar","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Yates, Michael A.","contributorId":77058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yates","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Anderson, Bud","contributorId":30920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Bud","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Mindell, David P.","contributorId":16762,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mindell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70043154,"text":"70043154 - 2010 - HIMALA: climate impacts on glaciers, snow, and hydrology in the Himalayan region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-22T16:06:01.267169","indexId":"70043154","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2790,"text":"Mountain Research and Development","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"HIMALA: climate impacts on glaciers, snow, and hydrology in the Himalayan region","docAbstract":"Glaciers are the largest reservoir of freshwater on Earth, supporting one third of the world's population. The Himalaya possess one of the largest resources of snow and ice, which act as a freshwater reservoir for more than 1.3 billion people. This article describes a new project called HIMALA, which focuses on utilizing satellite-based products for better understanding of hydrological processes of the river basins of the region. With support from the US Agency for International Development (USAID), the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), together with its partners and member countries, has been working on the application of satellite-based rainfall estimates for flood prediction. The US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) partners are working with ICIMOD to incorporate snowmelt and glacier melt into a widely used hydrological model. Thus, through improved modeling of the contribution of snow and ice meltwater to river flow in the region, the HIMALA project will improve the ability of ICIMOD and its partners to understand the impact of weather and climate on floods, droughts, and other water- and climate-induced natural hazards in the Himalayan region in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, and Pakistan.","language":"English","publisher":"International Mountain Society","publisherLocation":"Bern, Switzerland","doi":"10.1659/MRD-JOURNAL-D-10-00071.1","usgsCitation":"Brown, M.E., Ouyang, H., Habib, S., Shrestha, B., Shrestha, M., Panday, P., Tzortziou, M., Policelli, F., Artan, G.A., Giriraj, A., Bajracharya, S.R., and Racoviteanu, A., 2010, HIMALA: climate impacts on glaciers, snow, and hydrology in the Himalayan region: Mountain Research and Development, v. 30, no. 4, p. 401-404, https://doi.org/10.1659/MRD-JOURNAL-D-10-00071.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"401","endPage":"404","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-025245","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475458,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1659/mrd-journal-d-10-00071.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":271848,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Bhutan, China, India, Nepal, Pakistan","otherGeospatial":"Himalayas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 72.89,26.61 ], [ 72.89,35.92 ], [ 95.41,35.92 ], [ 95.41,26.61 ], [ 72.89,26.61 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"30","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5187716be4b078fc9c244b5b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Molly Elizabeth","contributorId":50066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Molly","email":"","middleInitial":"Elizabeth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ouyang, Hua","contributorId":42505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ouyang","given":"Hua","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Habib, Shahid","contributorId":103952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Habib","given":"Shahid","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shrestha, Basanta","contributorId":69036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shrestha","given":"Basanta","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shrestha, Mandira","contributorId":87051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shrestha","given":"Mandira","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Panday, Prajjwal","contributorId":60520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Panday","given":"Prajjwal","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tzortziou, Maria","contributorId":55309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tzortziou","given":"Maria","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Policelli, Frederick","contributorId":69440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Policelli","given":"Frederick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Artan, Guleid A. 0000-0001-8409-6182 gartan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8409-6182","contributorId":2938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Artan","given":"Guleid","email":"gartan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Giriraj, Amarnath","contributorId":75414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giriraj","given":"Amarnath","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Bajracharya, Sagar R.","contributorId":44443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bajracharya","given":"Sagar","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Racoviteanu, Adina","contributorId":21049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Racoviteanu","given":"Adina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70047109,"text":"70047109 - 2010 - Analytical models for the groundwater tidal prism and associated benthic water flux","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-18T13:32:25","indexId":"70047109","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T13:29:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analytical models for the groundwater tidal prism and associated benthic water flux","docAbstract":"The groundwater tidal prism is defined as the volume of water that inundates a porous medium, forced by one tidal oscillation in surface water. The pressure gradient that generates the prism acts on the subterranean estuary. Analytical models for the groundwater tidal prism and associated benthic flux are presented. The prism and flux are shown to be directly proportional to porosity, tidal amplitude, and the length of the groundwater wave; flux is inversely proportional to tidal period. The duration of discharge flux exceeds the duration of recharge flux over one tidal period; and discharge flux continues for some time following low tide. Models compare favorably with laboratory observations and are applied to a South Atlantic Bight study area, where tide generates an 11-m<sup>3</sup> groundwater tidal prism per m of shoreline, and drives 81 m<sup>3</sup> s<sup> −1</sup> to the study area, which describes 23% of an observational estimate. In a marine water body, the discharge component of any oscillatory benthic water flux is submarine groundwater discharge. Benthic flux transports constituents between groundwater and surface water, and is a process by which pollutant loading and saltwater intrusion may occur in coastal areas.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrogeology Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-009-0519-y","usgsCitation":"King, J.N., Mehta, A.J., and Dean, R., 2010, Analytical models for the groundwater tidal prism and associated benthic water flux: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 18, no. 1, p. 203-215, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-009-0519-y.","productDescription":"13","startPage":"203","endPage":"215","ipdsId":"IP-010801","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275147,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":275145,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10040-009-0519-y"},{"id":275144,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-009-0519-y"}],"volume":"18","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51e90e5fe4b0e157e9e86ef4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"King, Jeffrey N. jking@usgs.gov","contributorId":10783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jking@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mehta, Ashish J.","contributorId":21051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mehta","given":"Ashish","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dean, Robert G.","contributorId":11916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"Robert G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70042314,"text":"70042314 - 2010 - 230Th/U dating of a late Pleistocene alluvial fan along the southern San Andreas fault","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-24T17:44:17.008675","indexId":"70042314","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"<sup>230</sup>Th/U dating of a late Pleistocene alluvial fan along the southern San Andreas fault","title":"230Th/U dating of a late Pleistocene alluvial fan along the southern San Andreas fault","docAbstract":"U-series dating of pedogenic carbonate-clast coatings provides a reliable, precise minimum age of 45.1 ± 0.6 ka (2σ) for the T2 geomorphic surface of the Biskra Palms alluvial fan, Coachella Valley, California. Concordant ages for multiple subsamples from individual carbonate coatings provide evidence that the <sup>238</sup>U-<sup>234</sup>U-<sup>230</sup>Th system has remained closed since carbonate formation. The U-series minimum age is used to assess previously published <sup>10</sup>Be exposure ages of cobbles and boulders. All but one cobble age and some boulder <sup>10</sup>Be ages are younger than the U-series minimum age, indicating that surface cobbles and some boulders were partially shielded after deposition of the fan and have been subsequently exhumed by erosion of fine-grained matrix to expose them on the present fan surface. A comparison of U-series and <sup>10</sup>Be ages indicates that the interval between final alluvial deposition on the T2 fan surface and accumulation of dateable carbonate is not well resolved at Biskra Palms; however, the “time lag” inherent to dating via U-series on pedogenic carbonate can be no larger than ∼10 k.y., the uncertainty of the <sup>10</sup>Be-derived age of the T2 fan surface. Dating of the T2 fan surface via U-series on pedogenic carbonate (minimum age, 45.1 ± 0.6 ka) and <sup>10</sup>Be on boulder-top samples using forward modeling (preferred age, 50 ± 5 ka) provides broadly consistent constraints on the age of the fan surface and helps to elucidate its postdepositional development.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/B30018.1","usgsCitation":"Fletcher, K.E., Sharp, W.D., Kendrick, K.J., Behr, W.M., Hudnut, K.W., and Hanks, T.C., 2010, 230Th/U dating of a late Pleistocene alluvial fan along the southern San Andreas fault: GSA Bulletin, v. 122, no. 9-10, p. 1347-1359, https://doi.org/10.1130/B30018.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1347","endPage":"1359","ipdsId":"IP-012684","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science 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         -116.13510131835938,\n              33.46696235807553\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"122","issue":"9-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-05-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"539a2a23e4b0a59b26497040","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fletcher, Kathryn E.K.","contributorId":25050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"E.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sharp, Warren D.","contributorId":72272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharp","given":"Warren","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kendrick, Katherine J. 0000-0002-9839-6861 kendrick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-6861","contributorId":2716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendrick","given":"Katherine","email":"kendrick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":471258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Behr, Whitney M.","contributorId":21040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Behr","given":"Whitney","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hudnut, Kenneth W. 0000-0002-3168-4797 hudnut@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3168-4797","contributorId":2550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudnut","given":"Kenneth","email":"hudnut@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake 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,{"id":70043675,"text":"70043675 - 2010 - Distribution of an invasive aquatic pathogen (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus) in the Great Lakes and its relationship to shipping","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-02T13:59:46","indexId":"70043675","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution of an invasive aquatic pathogen (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus) in the Great Lakes and its relationship to shipping","docAbstract":"Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) is a rhabdovirus found in fish from oceans of the northern hemisphere and freshwaters of Europe. It has caused extensive losses of cultured and wild fish and has become established in the North American Great Lakes. Large die-offs of wild fish in the Great Lakes due to VHSV have alarmed the public and provoked government attention on the introduction and spread of aquatic animal pathogens in freshwaters. We investigated the relations between VHSV dispersion and shipping and boating activity in the Great Lakes by sampling fish and water at sites that were commercial shipping harbors, recreational boating centers, and open shorelines. Fish and water samples were individually analyzed for VHSV using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and cell culture assays. Of 1,221 fish of 17 species, 55 were VHSV positive with highly varied qRT-PCR titers (1 to 5,950,000 N gene copies). The detections of VHSV in fish and water samples were closely associated and the virus was detected in 21 of 30 sites sampled. The occurrence of VHSV was not related to type of site or shipping related invasion hotspots. Our results indicate that VHSV is widely dispersed in the Great Lakes and is both an enzootic and epizootic pathogen. We demonstrate that pathogen distribution information could be developed quickly and is clearly needed for aquatic ecosystem conservation, management of affected populations, and informed regulation of the worldwide trade of aquatic organisms.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0010156","usgsCitation":"Bain, M.B., Cornwell, E., Hope, K.M., Eckerlin, G.E., Casey, R.N., Groocock, G.H., Getchell, R.G., Bowser, P., Winton, J.R., Batts, W.N., Cangelosi, A., and Casey, J.W., 2010, Distribution of an invasive aquatic pathogen (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus) in the Great Lakes and its relationship to shipping: PLoS ONE, v. 5, no. 4, e10156, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010156.","productDescription":"e10156","ipdsId":"IP-019986","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475473,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010156","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":271762,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271761,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010156"}],"otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.11,41.18 ], [ -92.11,49.1 ], [ -75.8,49.1 ], [ -75.8,41.18 ], [ -92.11,41.18 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"5","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-04-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51838ae4e4b0a21483941a83","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bain, Mark B.","contributorId":10084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bain","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cornwell, Emily R.","contributorId":64526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornwell","given":"Emily R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hope, Kristine M.","contributorId":66986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hope","given":"Kristine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eckerlin, Geofrey E.","contributorId":106771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eckerlin","given":"Geofrey","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Casey, Rufina N.","contributorId":104364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casey","given":"Rufina","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Groocock, Geoffrey H.","contributorId":13878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groocock","given":"Geoffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Getchell, Rodman G.","contributorId":32416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Getchell","given":"Rodman","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bowser, Paul R.","contributorId":10391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowser","given":"Paul R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Winton, James R. 0000-0002-3505-5509 jwinton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":1944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James","email":"jwinton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":474025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Batts, William N. 0000-0002-6469-9004 bbatts@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6469-9004","contributorId":3815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batts","given":"William","email":"bbatts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Cangelosi, Allegra","contributorId":42506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cangelosi","given":"Allegra","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Casey, James W.","contributorId":92941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casey","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70044309,"text":"70044309 - 2010 - Influence of hummocks and emergent vegetation on hydraulic performance in a surface flow wastewater treatment wetland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T15:50:12","indexId":"70044309","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of hummocks and emergent vegetation on hydraulic performance in a surface flow wastewater treatment wetland","docAbstract":"<p><span>A series of tracer experiments were conducted biannually at the start and end of the vegetation growing season in a surface flow wastewater treatment wetland located near Phoenix, AZ. Tracer experiments were conducted prior to and following reconfiguration and replanting of a 1.2 ha treatment wetland from its original design of alternating shallow and deep zones to incorporate hummocks (shallow planting beds situated perpendicular to flow). Tracer test data were analyzed using analysis of moments and the one‐dimensional transport with inflow and storage numerical model to evaluate the effects of the seasonal vegetation growth cycle and hummocks on solute transport. Following reconfiguration, vegetation coverage was relatively small, and minor changes in spatial distribution influenced wetland hydraulics. During start‐up conditions, the wetland underwent an acclimation period characterized by small vegetation coverage and large transport cross‐sectional areas. At the start of the growing season, new growth of emergent vegetation enhanced hydraulic performance. At the end of the growing season, senescing vegetation created short‐circuiting. Wetland hydrodynamics were associated with high volumetric efficiencies and velocity heterogeneities. The hummock design resulted in breakthrough curves characterized by multiple secondary tracer peaks indicative of varied flow paths created by bottom topography.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2010WR009512","usgsCitation":"Keefe, S.H., Daniels, J.S., Runkel, R.L., Wass, R.D., Stiles, E.A., and Barber, L.B., 2010, Influence of hummocks and emergent vegetation on hydraulic performance in a surface flow wastewater treatment wetland: Water Resources Research, v. 46, no. 11, W11518; 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2010WR009512.","productDescription":"W11518; 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-007397","costCenters":[{"id":435,"text":"National Research Program - Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475468,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010wr009512","text":"Publisher Index 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,{"id":70045705,"text":"70045705 - 2010 - Model-based evaluation of highly and low pathogenic avian influenza dynamics in wild birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-30T10:54:26","indexId":"70045705","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Model-based evaluation of highly and low pathogenic avian influenza dynamics in wild birds","docAbstract":"There is growing interest in avian influenza (AI) epidemiology to predict disease risk in wild and domestic birds, and prevent transmission to humans. However, understanding the epidemic dynamics of highly pathogenic (HPAI) viruses remains challenging because they have rarely been detected in wild birds. We used modeling to integrate available scientific information from laboratory and field studies, evaluate AI dynamics in individual hosts and waterfowl populations, and identify key areas for future research. We developed a Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered (SEIR) model and used published laboratory challenge studies to estimate epidemiological parameters (rate of infection, latency period, recovery and mortality rates), considering the importance of age classes, and virus pathogenicity. Infectious contact leads to infection and virus shedding within 1–2 days, followed by relatively slower period for recovery or mortality. We found a shorter infectious period for HPAI than low pathogenic (LP) AI, which may explain that HPAI has been much harder to detect than LPAI during surveillance programs. Our model predicted a rapid LPAI epidemic curve, with a median duration of infection of 50–60 days and no fatalities. In contrast, HPAI dynamics had lower prevalence and higher mortality, especially in young birds. Based on field data from LPAI studies, our model suggests to increase surveillance for HPAI in post-breeding areas, because the presence of immunologically naïve young birds is predicted to cause higher HPAI prevalence and bird losses during this season. Our results indicate a better understanding of the transmission, infection, and immunity-related processes is required to refine predictions of AI risk and spread, improve surveillance for HPAI in wild birds, and develop disease control strategies to reduce potential transmission to domestic birds and/or humans.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","usgsCitation":"Hénaux, V., Samuel, M.D., and Bunck, C.M., 2010, Model-based evaluation of highly and low pathogenic avian influenza dynamics in wild birds: PLoS ONE, v. 5, no. 6, e10997.","productDescription":"e10997","costCenters":[{"id":675,"text":"Wisconsin Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271638,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5180e7e8e4b0df838b924d75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hénaux, Viviane","contributorId":47670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hénaux","given":"Viviane","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Samuel, Michael D. msamuel@usgs.gov","contributorId":1419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samuel","given":"Michael","email":"msamuel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":478119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bunck, Christine M. cbunck@usgs.gov","contributorId":731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunck","given":"Christine","email":"cbunck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":478118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70044779,"text":"70044779 - 2010 - Lithium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-28T21:05:24","indexId":"70044779","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lithium","docAbstract":"In 2009, lithium consumption in the United States was estimated to have been about 1.2 kt (1,300 st) of contained lithium, a 40-percent decrease from 2008. The United States was estimated to be the fourth largest consumer of lithium, and remained the leading importer of lithium carbonate and the leading producer of value-added lithium materials. Only one company, Chemetall Foote Corp. (a subsidiary of Chemetall GmbH of Germany), produced lithium compounds from domestic resources. In 2009, world lithium consumption was estimated to have been about 18.7 kt (20,600 st) of lithium contained in minerals and compounds.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mining Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SME","usgsCitation":"Jaskula, B., 2010, Lithium: Mining Engineering, v. 62, no. 6, p. 61-62.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"62","ipdsId":"IP-020788","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271567,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"517e44ebe4b0eff6bc0031d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jaskula, B.W.","contributorId":62496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaskula","given":"B.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70042326,"text":"70042326 - 2010 - Summer stream water temperature models for Great Lakes streams: New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-02T14:52:18.036633","indexId":"70042326","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Summer stream water temperature models for Great Lakes streams: New York","docAbstract":"Temperature is one of the most important environmental influences on aquatic organisms. It is a primary driver of physiological rates and many abiotic processes. However, despite extensive research and measurements, synoptic estimates of water temperature are not available for most regions, limiting our ability to make systemwide and large-scale assessments of aquatic resources or estimates of aquatic species abundance and biodiversity. We used subwatershed averaging of point temperature measurements and associated multiscale landscape habitat conditions from over 3,300 lotic sites throughout New York State to develop and train artificial neural network models. Separate models predicting water temperature (in cold, cool, and warm temperature classes) within small catchment–stream order groups were developed for four modeling units, which together encompassed the entire state. Water temperature predictions were then made for each stream segment in the state. All models explained more than 90% of data variation. Elevation, riparian forest cover, landscape slope, and growing degree-days were among the most important model predictors of water temperature classes. Geological influences varied among regions. Predicted temperature distributions within stream networks displayed patterns of generally increasing temperature downstream but were patchy due to the averaging of water temperatures within stream size-classes of small drainages. Models predicted coldwater streams to be most numerous and warmwater streams to be generally associated with the largest rivers and relatively flat agricultural areas and urban areas. Model predictions provide a complete, georeferenced map of summer daytime mean stream temperature potential throughout New York State that can be used for planning and assessment at spatial scales from the stream segment class to the entire state.","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MA","doi":"10.1577/T09-153.1","usgsCitation":"McKenna, J., Butryn, R.S., and McDonald, R.P., 2010, Summer stream water temperature models for Great Lakes streams: New York: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 139, no. 5, p. 1399-1414, https://doi.org/10.1577/T09-153.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1399","endPage":"1414","ipdsId":"IP-015655","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268807,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New 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,{"id":70045050,"text":"70045050 - 2010 - Estimating the timing and location of shallow rainfall-induced landslides using a model for transient, unsaturated infiltration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-14T10:11:09","indexId":"70045050","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating the timing and location of shallow rainfall-induced landslides using a model for transient, unsaturated infiltration","docAbstract":"Shallow rainfall-induced landslides commonly occur under conditions of transient infiltration into initially unsaturated soils. In an effort to predict the timing and location of such landslides, we developed a model of the infiltration process using a two-layer system that consists of an unsaturated zone above a saturated zone and implemented this model in a geographic information system (GIS) framework. The model links analytical solutions for transient, unsaturated, vertical infiltration above the water table to pressure-diffusion solutions for pressure changes below the water table. The solutions are coupled through a transient water table that rises as water accumulates at the base of the unsaturated zone. This scheme, though limited to simplified soil-water characteristics and moist initial conditions, greatly improves computational efficiency over numerical models in spatially distributed modeling applications. Pore pressures computed by these coupled models are subsequently used in one-dimensional slope-stability computations to estimate the timing and locations of slope failures. Applied over a digital landscape near Seattle, Washington, for an hourly rainfall history known to trigger shallow landslides, the model computes a factor of safety for each grid cell at any time during a rainstorm. The unsaturated layer attenuates and delays the rainfall-induced pore-pressure response of the model at depth, consistent with observations at an instrumented hillside near Edmonds, Washington. This attenuation results in realistic estimates of timing for the onset of slope instability (7 h earlier than observed landslides, on average). By considering the spatial distribution of physical properties, the model predicts the primary source areas of landslides.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2009JF001321","usgsCitation":"Baum, R.L., Godt, J.W., and Savage, W.Z., 2010, Estimating the timing and location of shallow rainfall-induced landslides using a model for transient, unsaturated infiltration: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 115, no. F3, F03013, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JF001321.","productDescription":"F03013","ipdsId":"IP-012858","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272207,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272206,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009JF001321"}],"volume":"115","issue":"F3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5816e4b0b290850f7ddd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baum, Rex L. 0000-0001-5337-1970 baum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1970","contributorId":1288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baum","given":"Rex","email":"baum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Godt, Jonathan W. 0000-0002-8737-2493 jgodt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8737-2493","contributorId":1166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godt","given":"Jonathan","email":"jgodt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Savage, William Z.","contributorId":107686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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