Shallow nearshore groundwater and estimates of groundwater seepage were collected at 21 locations along the north and south shores of Lake Spokane beginning in October 2016 and ending in October 2019. Nitrate plus nitrite concentrations in nearshore groundwater ranged from <0.04 to 7.60 milligrams of nitrogen per liter. Nearshore groundwater orthophosphate concentrations ranged from <0.004 to 0.381 milligrams of phosphorus per liter, and, overall, there were no consistent seasonal differences in nearshore groundwater nutrients during this study. Nitrate plus nitrite concentrations were highest at sites located adjacent to nearshore development and similar to concentrations in water collected from nearby drinking water wells. Similarly, samples from locations adjacent to nearshore development were statistically greater than samples collected from other locations for orthophosphate concentrations. Dissolved boron concentrations, elevated values of which are an indicator of household-detergent use, were elevated in spring and summer at some locations, indicating that residential wastewater was reaching the lake. Stable isotope ratios of nitrate (15N and 18O), which were used to identify the source nitrate in sampled groundwater, showed that most data indicated a mix of soil nitrogen and nitrogen sources from human or animal waste.
Generally, median groundwater discharge to the lake was low across all sites and seasons, with most values smaller than 1 centimeter per day (cm/d). Similar to the nutrient-concentration data, seasonal patterns in seepage flux were weak, and, where there were seasonal increases in flux, the increased groundwater discharge did not carry increased nutrients. Localized estimates of groundwater seepage flux were scaled up to the entire length of the lakeshore. The median groundwater flux of 0.34 cm/d scaled to 1.9 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) and the maximum recorded seepage flux of 17.6 cm/d was equivalent to 97 ft3/s. These estimates of groundwater inputs are orders of magnitude less than surface water inputs to the lake.
Nutrient loads were determined from the product of groundwater flow and a representative nutrient concentration. Using the median seepage flux of 1.9 ft3/s, the orthophosphate load ranged from 0.7 to 3.8 pounds of phosphorus per day based on the median and maximum orthophosphate concentrations, respectively. For nitrate plus nitrite, loads ranged from 5.8 to 76.6 pounds of nitrogen per day. Using the maximum value of seepage flux, maximum orthophosphate loads ranged from 35 to 198 pounds of phosphorus per day, and maximum nitrate plus nitrite loads ranged from 296 to 3,943 pound of nitrogen per day. Overall, groundwater nutrient loads are small compared to other sources to the lake. Continued monitoring of future nutrient loads would aid decisions by resource managers as infrastructure within the neighboring residential communities continues to age around Lake Spokane.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215023","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Stevens County Conservation District and Spokane County Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Sheibley, R.W., and Foreman, J.R., 2021, Nitrogen and phosphorus loads from groundwater to Lake Spokane, Spokane, Washington, October 2016–October 2019: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5023, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215023.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 34 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-119397","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":397365,"rank":6,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5023/sir20215023.XML"},{"id":385292,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P95IQ8HH","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Water quality and seepage estimates collected at Lake Spokane, Washington, 2016–19."},{"id":385290,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5023/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":385291,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5023/sir20215023.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2021-5023"},{"id":397364,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5023/images"},{"id":402988,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20215023/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2021-5023"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Lake Spokane","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.86407470703125,\n 47.76148371616669\n ],\n [\n -117.50976562499999,\n 47.76148371616669\n ],\n [\n -117.50976562499999,\n 47.91173983456231\n ],\n [\n -117.86407470703125,\n 47.91173983456231\n ],\n [\n -117.86407470703125,\n 47.76148371616669\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Washington Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
934 Broadway, Suite 300
Tacoma, Washington 98402
Bumble bees, Bombus spp. (Apidae), are important native pollinators; however, populations of some species are declining in North America and agricultural chemicals are a potential cause. Fungicides are generally not highly toxic to bees, but little is known about sublethal or synergistic effects. This study evaluates bumble bee exposure to fungicides by quantifying concentrations of boscalid and pyraclostrobin in nectar and pollen collected by colonies of Bombus huntii Greene, 1860 (Hunt bumble bee) deployed in a commercial cherry Prunus avium L. orchard in the spring of 2016. Seven colonies were placed adjacent to an orchard block that was sprayed with a fungicide mixture of boscalid and pyraclostrobin and a control group of seven colonies was placed next to an unsprayed block of orchard 400 m away from the treated block. Nectar and pollen were collected daily, beginning 1 d before spray application and continuing for a total of 12 d, and analyzed for both fungicides. Fungicide concentrations varied spatially by colony and temporally by day. The highest concentrations in nectar occurred 1 and 3 d after spraying: up to 440 ng/g boscalid and 240 ng/g pyraclostrobin. Six days after application, pollen from cherry flowers contained the highest concentrations of the fungicides: up to 60,500 ng/g boscalid and 32,000 ng/g pyraclostrobin. These data can help to determine field-level fungicide concentrations in nectar and pollen and direct future work on understanding the effects of these compounds, including their interactions with important bumble bee pathogenic and beneficial symbionts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic Journals","doi":"10.1093/jee/toab051","usgsCitation":"Kuivila, K., Judd, H., Hladik, M.L., and Strange, J.P., 2021, Field-level exposure of bumble bees to fungicides applied to a commercial cherry orchard: Journal of Economic Entomology, v. 114, no. 3, p. 1065-1071, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab051.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1065","endPage":"1071","ipdsId":"IP-122268","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452604,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab051","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":386603,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-04-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuivila, Kathryn M. 0000-0001-7940-489X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7940-489X","contributorId":260408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuivila","given":"Kathryn M.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":817897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Judd, Houston","contributorId":260410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Judd","given":"Houston","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":817898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hladik, Michelle L. 0000-0002-0891-2712","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0891-2712","contributorId":205314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hladik","given":"Michelle","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":817899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Strange, James P.","contributorId":224183,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strange","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":36589,"text":"USDA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":817900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70228529,"text":"70228529 - 2021 - Annual winter water-level drawdowns influence physical habitat structure and macrophytes in Massachusetts, USA, lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-15T11:59:58.764655","indexId":"70228529","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-21T13:27:15","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Annual winter water-level drawdowns influence physical habitat structure and macrophytes in Massachusetts, USA, lakes","docAbstract":"Annual wintertime water-level drawdowns are a common management strategy in recreational lakes; however, few studies have estimated their relative impact on lake littoral habitat among a set of typically co-occurring anthropogenic stressors including lakeshore development and herbicide application. Within 21 Massachusetts, USA lakes that represented a drawdown magnitude gradient (0.07–2.26 m), we assessed depth-specific littoral habitat (coarse wood, sediment, macrophytes) at two sites adjacent to forested or developed shorelines. Using generalized linear mixed models, we found coarse wood abundance and branching complexity was not correlated with drawdown magnitude but was primarily explained by the presence of lakeshore development. Drawdown magnitude was negatively correlated with silt cover and positively correlated with coarse substrate cover, with effects further varying by depth (0.5 m vs. 1 m). Macrophyte biomass and biovolume were negatively correlated with drawdown magnitude with effects also varying by depth for biomass. Macrophyte taxa with annual longevity strategies (e.g., Najas flexilis) and amphibious growth forms increased in biomass proportions with drawdown magnitude. Distance-based redundancy analyses suggested macrophyte taxa composition was driven by drawdown magnitude, coarse substrate, alkalinity, water transparency, and herbicide use. These results suggest the importance of water quality and depth on macrophyte assemblage responses to winter drawdowns and the potential to develop drawdown-tolerant macrophyte assemblages. Altogether, understanding the unique impacts of anthropogenic stressors on littoral zone habitat across heterogeneous environmental lake conditions can help minimize impacts to lake ecological integrity while maintaining recreational value.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3442","usgsCitation":"Carmignani, J.R., and Roy, A.H., 2021, Annual winter water-level drawdowns influence physical habitat structure and macrophytes in Massachusetts, USA, lakes: Ecosphere, v. 12, e03442, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3442.","productDescription":"e03442, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-112160","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452607,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3442","text":"External Repository"},{"id":395913,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-04-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carmignani, Jason R.","contributorId":276066,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carmignani","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36396,"text":"University of Massachusetts","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roy, Allison H. 0000-0002-8080-2729 aroy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8080-2729","contributorId":4240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"Allison","email":"aroy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70227154,"text":"70227154 - 2021 - Groundwater residence time estimates obscured by anthropogenic carbonate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-03T16:22:58.74868","indexId":"70227154","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-21T10:09:04","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5010,"text":"Science Advances","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater residence time estimates obscured by anthropogenic carbonate","docAbstract":"Groundwater is an important source of drinking and irrigation water. Dating groundwater informs its vulnerability to contamination and aids in calibrating flow models. Here, we report measurements of multiple age tracers (14C, 3H, 39Ar, and 85Kr) and parameters relevant to dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from 17 wells in California’s San Joaquin Valley (SJV), an agricultural region that is heavily reliant on groundwater. We find evidence for a major mid-20th century shift in groundwater DIC input from mostly closed- to mostly open-system carbonate dissolution, which we suggest is driven by input of anthropogenic carbonate soil amendments. Crucially, enhanced open-system dissolution, in which DIC equilibrates with soil CO2, fundamentally affects the initial 14C activity of recently recharged groundwater. Conventional 14C dating of deeper SJV groundwater, assuming an open system, substantially overestimates residence time and thereby underestimates susceptibility to modern contamination. Because carbonate soil amendments are ubiquitous, other groundwater-reliant agricultural regions may be similarly affected.
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Lawrence, KS 66049
The Everglades Forecasting application (EverForecast) provides decision makers with a support tool to examine optimal allocations of water across the managed landscape while explicitly quantifying the conflicting needs of multiple species. Covering the Greater Everglades (a vast, subtropical wetland ecosystem in South Florida), EverForecast provides 6-month forecasts of daily projected water stage across the region. It then runs these forecasts through a suite of species models and illustrates potential tradeoffs. All output is summarized by subregion and hydrologic category. Decision makers can use these near-term forecasts to manage the transition from current conditions to future alternatives according to their management priorities.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20213005","collaboration":"U.S. Geological Survey Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Program","usgsCitation":"Haider, S.M., Romañach, S.S., McKelvy, M., Suir, K., and Pearlstine, L., EverForecast—A near-term forecasting application for ecological decision support: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2021–3005, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20213005.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-123566","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":385203,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2021/3005/fs20213005.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.03 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2021–3005"},{"id":385202,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2021/3005/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.80969238281249,\n 24.991036982463722\n ],\n [\n -80.19470214843749,\n 24.991036982463722\n ],\n [\n -80.19470214843749,\n 26.74070480712781\n ],\n [\n -81.80969238281249,\n 26.74070480712781\n ],\n [\n -81.80969238281249,\n 24.991036982463722\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
7920 NW 71st St.
Gainesville, FL 32653
The Sky Island Restoration Collaborative (SIRC) is a growing partnership between government agencies, nonprofit organizations, and private landowners in southeast Arizona, the United States, and northern Sonora, Mexico. Starting in 2014 as an experiment to cultivate restoration efforts by connecting people across vocations and nations, SIRC has evolved over 5 years into a flourishing landscape-restoration initiative. The group is founded on the concept of developing a restoration economy, where ecological and socioeconomic benefits are interconnected and complimentary. The variety of ideas, people, field sites, administration, and organizations promote learning and increase project success through iterative adaptive management, transparency, and sharing. The collaborative seeks to make restoration self-sustaining and improve quality of life for citizens living along the US-Mexico border. Research and experiments are developed between scientists and practitioners to test hypotheses, qualify procedures, and quantify impacts on shared projects. Simultaneously, partners encourage and facilitate connecting more people to the landscape—via volunteerism, internships, training, and mentoring. Through this history, SIRC’s evolution is pioneering the integration of community and ecological restoration to protect biodiversity in the Madrean Archipelago Ecoregion. This editorial introduces SIRC as a unique opportunity for scientists and practitioners looking to engage in binational partnerships and segues into this special journal issue we have assembled that relates new findings in the field of restoration ecology.
Redox hot spots occurring as metal-rich anoxic groundwater discharges through oxic wetland and river sediments commonly result in the formation of iron (Fe) oxide precipitates. These redox-sensitive precipitates influence the release of nutrients and metals to surface water and can act as ‘contaminant sponges’ by absorbing toxic compounds. We explore the feasibility of a non-invasive, high-resolution magnetic susceptibility (MS) technique to efficiently map the spatial variations of magnetic Fe oxide precipitates in the shallow bed of three rivers impacted by anoxic groundwater discharge. Laboratory analyses on Mashpee River (MA, USA) sediments demonstrate the sensitivity of MS to sediment Fe concentrations. Field surveys in the Mashpee and Quashnet rivers (MA, USA) reveal several discrete high MS zones, which are associated with likely anoxic groundwater discharge as evaluated by riverbed temperature, vertical head gradient, and groundwater chemistry measurements. In the East River (CO, USA), widespread cobbles/rocks exhibit high background MS from geological ferrimagnetic minerals, thereby obscuring the relatively small enhancement of MS from groundwater induced Fe oxide precipitates. Our study suggests that, in settings with low geological sources of magnetic minerals such as lowland rivers and wetlands, MS may serve as a complementary tool to temperature methods for efficiently mapping Fe oxide accumulation zones due to anoxic groundwater discharges that may function as biogeochemical hot spots and water quality control points in gaining systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.14184","usgsCitation":"Wang, C., Briggs, M., Day-Lewis, F., and Slater, L., 2021, Evaluation of riverbed magnetic susceptibility for mapping biogeochemical hot spots in groundwater-impacted rivers: Hydrological Processes, v. 35, no. 5, e14184, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14184.","productDescription":"e14184, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-127672","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488589,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1784356","text":"External Repository"},{"id":387673,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"East River, Quashnet River, Mashpee River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.05764770507812,\n 38.67264490154078\n ],\n [\n -106.8255615234375,\n 38.67264490154078\n ],\n [\n -106.8255615234375,\n 38.904927027872844\n ],\n [\n -107.05764770507812,\n 38.904927027872844\n ],\n [\n -107.05764770507812,\n 38.67264490154078\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.48192977905273,\n 41.588742636696765\n ],\n [\n -70.45412063598633,\n 41.588742636696765\n ],\n [\n -70.45412063598633,\n 41.61826568409901\n ],\n [\n -70.48192977905273,\n 41.61826568409901\n ],\n [\n -70.48192977905273,\n 41.588742636696765\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.5208969116211,\n 41.57127917558171\n ],\n [\n -70.50682067871094,\n 41.57127917558171\n ],\n [\n -70.50682067871094,\n 41.59580372470895\n ],\n [\n -70.5208969116211,\n 41.59580372470895\n ],\n [\n -70.5208969116211,\n 41.57127917558171\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Cheng-Hui 0000-0001-9508-7425","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9508-7425","contributorId":194062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Cheng-Hui","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":820536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Briggs, Martin A. 0000-0003-3206-4132","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-4132","contributorId":257637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Martin A.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick 0000-0003-3526-886X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":216359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Slater, L. 0000-0003-0292-746X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0292-746X","contributorId":247506,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Slater","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70219620,"text":"sir20215009 - 2021 - Hydrogeologic framework, geochemistry, groundwater-flow system, and aquifer hydraulic properties used in the development of a conceptual model of the Ogallala, Edwards-Trinity (High Plains), and Dockum aquifers in and near Gaines, Terry, and Yoakum Counties, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-20T13:18:48.751674","indexId":"sir20215009","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-20T06:14:15","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021-5009","displayTitle":"Hydrogeologic Framework, Geochemistry, Groundwater-Flow System, and Aquifer Hydraulic Properties Used in the Development of a Conceptual Model of the Ogallala, Edwards-Trinity (High Plains), and Dockum Aquifers In and Near Gaines, Terry, and Yoakum Counties, Texas","title":"Hydrogeologic framework, geochemistry, groundwater-flow system, and aquifer hydraulic properties used in the development of a conceptual model of the Ogallala, Edwards-Trinity (High Plains), and Dockum aquifers in and near Gaines, Terry, and Yoakum Counties, Texas","docAbstract":"In 2014, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Llano Estacado Underground Water Conservation District, Sandy Land Underground Water Conservation District, and South Plains Underground Water Conservation District (hereinafter referred to collectively as the “UWCDs”), began a multiphase study in and near Gaines, Terry, and Yoakum Counties, Texas, to develop a regional conceptual model of the hydrogeologic framework, geochemistry, groundwater-flow system, and hydraulic properties, primarily for the High Plains and Edwards-Trinity aquifer system and to a lesser degree for the Dockum aquifer. The High Plains aquifer system (hereinafter referred to as the “Ogallala aquifer”), contained within the Ogallala Formation in Texas, is the shallowest aquifer in the study area and is the primary source of water for agriculture and municipal supply in the areas managed by the UWCDs. Groundwater withdrawals from deeper aquifers (primarily the Edwards-Trinity [High Plains] aquifer system that is hereinafter referred to as the “Edwards-Trinity [High Plains] aquifer”) augmented by lesser amounts from the Dockum aquifer provide additional water sources in the study area. The Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) aquifer is contained within the Trinity and Fredericksburg Groups. The Dockum aquifer, a relatively minor source of water in the study area, is contained in the Dockum Group, which was evaluated as a single unit. The potential for continual declines of the groundwater in the Ogallala aquifer in the study area and the potential changes in water quality resulting from dewatering and increased vertical groundwater movement between adjacent water-bearing units have raised concerns about the amount and quality of available groundwater.
The developed conceptual model helped in the understanding of the quantity and quality of the groundwater within the Ogallala, the Edwards-Trinity (High Plains), and to a lesser extent, the Dockum aquifers within the study area. The hydrogeologic framework was used to assess the vertical and lateral extents of hydrogeologic units, bed orientations, unit thicknesses, and location and orientation of paleochannels. In general, the Trinity and Fredericksburg Groups and Ogallala Formation exhibit a slight regional dip (dip angle of about 0.14 degrees) to the southeast with dip directions becoming more to the south with each successively overlying unit (105, 110, and 125 degrees for the bases of the Trinity and Fredericksburg Groups and Ogallala Formation, respectively). In general, the Trinity and Fredericksburg Groups thin to the south and are not present in the southern part of Gaines County, whereas the Ogallala Formation becomes thinner from west to east. The combined thickness of the Trinity and Fredericksburg Groups and Ogallala Formation is generally greatest in the north-central part of the study area and thinnest in the southeastern part of the study area. Paleochannel orientation varied over geologic time as formations were deposited and eroded.
Water-quality samples were collected from 51 wells throughout the study area to better understand general water quality and to provide insight into groundwater-flow paths and recharge areas. Groundwater samples were spatially grouped on the basis of similarities found in the physicochemical properties, major ions, trace elements, nutrients, organic compounds, and selected stable isotopes and age tracers. Three groundwater groups were identified in the study area. The first groundwater group (Group 1), represented mostly by groundwater from the Ogallala and Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) aquifers in the northern half of the study area, is considered to be recent recharge, affected by land-use activities, as explained by the younger age, higher concentrations of nitrate plus nitrite, and more frequent detections of organic compounds. Groundwater wells in the second groundwater group (Group 2) are typically in the southwestern and northwestern parts of the study area, and the groundwater in this group is considered to be groundwater recharged during the Pleistocene period, as explained by the relatively old age of the groundwater, high strontium stable isotope ratios, and hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope ratios. The last groundwater group (Group 3) is likely a mixture of groundwater from the first or second groups (or both) with a third, highly mineralized groundwater as explained by having the highest dissolved-solids concentrations in the study area and having some similarities to geochemical characteristics of samples from the first and second groups.
A groundwater-flow system analysis was done to understand the flow of groundwater throughout the aquifer system. Groundwater-level altitudes for the Ogallala, Edwards-Trinity (High Plains), and Dockum aquifers are generally higher in the northwestern part of the study area and lower in the southeastern part of the study area. Groundwater generally flows in a northwest to southeast direction across the study area in each of the aquifers. The groundwater-flow paths closely resemble the mapped paleochannels, indicating that within the study area, the groundwater flows preferentially along the paleochannels, especially within the Ogallala aquifer where dewatering of the aquifer results in a greater effect of the base structure on the flow of groundwater.
The Ogallala aquifer is unsaturated in localized areas in the study area; unsaturated areas are generally near the southern extent of the Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) aquifer, with the largest unsaturated area west of Seminole, Tex. The saturated thickness of the Ogallala aquifer is thickest (more than 125 feet) southeast of Seminole and west of Brownfield, Tex., near the border between Terry and Yoakum Counties. The saturated thickness of the combined Ogallala and Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) aquifers ranges from less than 10 feet along the far southern edge of the study area to more than 350 feet north and east of Brownfield, Tex., and along the border between Terry and Yoakum Counties.
The aquifer hydraulic properties, including hydraulic conductivity and specific yield, were estimated to better understand the ability of groundwater to move through the aquifer system and quantify the volume of available water in storage. The hydraulic-conductivity values varied greatly within the study area (ranging from about 0.03 to about 350 feet per day), and often large variations were found in the same area. Terry County contained the highest and lowest hydraulic conductivity values for the Ogallala aquifer, whereas Yoakum County contained the highest and lowest hydraulic conductivity values for the Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) aquifer. The highest hydraulic-conductivity values for the Dockum aquifer were in Gaines County, whereas the lowest hydraulic-conductivity values were in Terry County. The estimated specific yield values within the study area range from 0.01 to 0.36. Higher specific yield values generally occurred in the western part of the study area except in the Ogallala aquifer where higher specific yield values were in the east. The Ogallala aquifer had the lowest specific yield range and the least specific yield variability among the three aquifers, whereas the Dockum aquifer had the highest specific yield range and the greatest specific yield variability.
Using the estimated saturated thickness and estimated specific yield grids, the water volumes of the Ogallala and Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) aquifers and the combined Ogallala and Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) aquifers were estimated. The available water in the Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) aquifer (16.6 million acre-feet) is almost double the available water in the Ogallala aquifer (8.8 million acre-feet). Although the Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) aquifer contains more available groundwater, pumping is more difficult because of the relatively low hydraulic conductivity and specific yield values compared to the Ogallala aquifer. Overall, the available water within the combined Ogallala and Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) aquifers is about 6.6, 10.2, and 8.6 million acre-feet for Gaines, Terry, and Yoakum Counties, respectively.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215009","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Llano Estacado Underground Water Conservation District, Sandy Land Underground Water Conservation District, and South Plains Underground Water Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Teeple, A.P., Ging, P.B., Thomas, J.V., Wallace, D.S., and Payne, J.D., 2021, Hydrogeologic framework, geochemistry, groundwater-flow system, and aquifer hydraulic properties used in the development of a conceptual model of the Ogallala, Edwards-Trinity (High Plains), and Dockum aquifers in and near Gaines, Terry, and Yoakum Counties, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5009, 68 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215009.","productDescription":"Report: xi, 68 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"85","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-118420","costCenters":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":385110,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5009/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":385111,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5009/sir20215009.pdf","text":"Report","size":"16.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2021–5009"},{"id":385112,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9N3WKQ5","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Compilation of time-domain electromagnetic surface geophysical soundings, historical borehole characteristics, water level, water quality and hydraulic properties data throughout Gaines, Yoakum, and Terry Counties in Texas, 1929–2019"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Gaines County, Terry County, Yoakum County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-102.2039,32.961],[-102.2038,32.5237],[-102.2109,32.524],[-103.0637,32.5215],[-103.0632,32.9589],[-103.0632,33.0017],[-103.0593,33.209],[-103.0559,33.3903],[-102.5954,33.3903],[-102.0774,33.3894],[-102.0782,32.9611],[-102.2039,32.961]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Gaines\",\"state\":\"TX\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1505 Ferguson Lane
Austin, TX 78754–4501
Fish migration in rivers is a growing area of concern as mounting anthropogenic influences, particularly fragmentation from dams and barriers, constitute major threats to global river species diversity. Barriers can impede the movement of fishes between areas critical to the completion of their lifecycle, affecting both population and ecosystem viability. In response, fish passage solutions have been identified as a critical need to maintain fisheries viability in the Laurentian Great Lakes, and around the world. Pivotal to the success of these fish passage solutions is a more complete understanding of the movement phenology and environmental cues that instigate migration. We used a dual-frequency identification sonar (DIDSON) to evaluate environmental triggers of river entry during spring and summer for three size classes of migratory fishes in the Boardman River, a Lake Michigan tributary. Our results indicate that medium size fish (>30 cm and < 50 cm), primarily composed of white sucker Catostomus commersonii and longnose sucker Catostomus catostomus were 21% more likely to enter the river at sunset and 25% less likely at midnight in comparison to midday. Entry rates of medium fish increased 6% for every 1 °C increase in river temperature, 4% for every 1 m3/s increase in river discharge from the day prior, and were reduced by 1% for every 10 cm increase in lake level. Understanding these processes in the tributaries of the Great Lakes is important to inform the fish passage solutions currently being developed for the Boardman River, and to inform management regulations for Great Lakes migratory fishes.
Salinity in the Colorado River Basin causes an estimated $300 to $400 million per year in economic damages in the U.S. To inform and improve salinity‐control efforts, this study quantifies long‐term trends in salinity (dissolved solids) across the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB), including time periods prior to the construction of large dams and preceding the implementation of salinity‐control projects. Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge, and Season was used with datasets of dissolved‐solids and specific‐conductance measurements, collected as early as 1929, to evaluate long‐term trends in dissolved‐solids loads and concentrations in streams from 1929 to 2019 (n=14). Results indicate that large, widespread, and sustained downward trends in dissolved‐solids concentrations and loads occurred over the last 50 to 90 years. For 12 of the 14 stream sites with significant downward change, median declines of ‐38% (range of ‐14 to ‐57%) and ‐40% (range of ‐9 to ‐65%) were observed for flow‐normalized concentration and load, respectively. Steepest rates of decline occurred from 1980 to 2000, coincident with the initiation of salinity‐control efforts in the 1980s. However, there was a consistent slowing or reversing of downward trends after 2000 even though salinity‐control efforts continued. Significant decreases in salinity occurred as early as the 1940s at some streams, indicating that, in addition to salinity‐control projects, changes in land cover, land use, and/or climate substantially affect salinity transport in the UCRB. Observed dissolved‐solids trends are likely the result of changes to watershed‐related processes, not due to changes in the streamflow regime.
Realistic environmental models used for decision making typically require a highly parameterized approach. Calibration of such models is computationally intensive because widely used parameter estimation approaches require individual forward runs for each parameter adjusted. These runs construct a parameter-to-observation sensitivity, or Jacobian, matrix used to develop candidate parameter upgrades. Parameter estimation algorithms are also commonly adversely affected by numerical noise in the calculated sensitivities within the Jacobian matrix, which can result in unnecessary parameter estimation iterations and less model-to-measurement fit. Ideally, approaches to reduce the computational burden of parameter estimation will also increase the signal-to-noise ratio related to observations influential to the parameter estimation even as the number of forward runs decrease. In this work a simultaneous increments, an iterative ensemble smoother (IES), and a randomized Jacobian approach were compared to a traditional approach that uses a full Jacobian matrix. All approaches were applied to the same model developed for decision making in the Mississippi Alluvial Plain, USA. Both the IES and randomized Jacobian approach achieved a desirable fit and similar parameter fields in many fewer forward runs than the traditional approach; in both cases the fit was obtained in fewer runs than the number of adjustable parameters. The simultaneous increments approach did not perform as well as the other methods due to inability to overcome suboptimal dropping of parameter sensitivities. This work indicates that use of highly efficient algorithms can greatly speed parameter estimation, which in turn increases calibration vetting and utility of realistic models used for decision making.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley Publishing","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13106","usgsCitation":"Hunt, R., White, J., Duncan, L.L., Haugh, C., and Doherty, J.E., 2021, Evaluating lower computational burden approaches for calibration of large environmental models: Groundwater, v. 59, no. 6, p. 788-798, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.13106.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"788","endPage":"798","ipdsId":"IP-126431","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452645,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.13106","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436403,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9AR7Y02","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"MODFLOW-NWT models and calibration files for the Mississippi Alluvial Plain, USA"},{"id":387106,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi Embayment regional aquifer system","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.04296874999999,\n 32.69486597787505\n ],\n [\n -87.275390625,\n 32.69486597787505\n ],\n [\n -87.275390625,\n 39.774769485295465\n ],\n [\n -94.04296874999999,\n 39.774769485295465\n ],\n [\n -94.04296874999999,\n 32.69486597787505\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"59","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":208800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":819023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, Jeremy T. 0000-0002-4950-1469","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4950-1469","contributorId":248830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Jeremy T.","affiliations":[{"id":50032,"text":"GNS New Zealand","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duncan, Leslie L. 0000-0002-5938-5721","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5938-5721","contributorId":204004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duncan","given":"Leslie","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haugh, Connor J. 0000-0002-5204-8271","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5204-8271","contributorId":219945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haugh","given":"Connor J.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Doherty, John E.","contributorId":8817,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doherty","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7046,"text":"Watermark Numerical Computing","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70220296,"text":"70220296 - 2021 - The seismo-acoustics of submarine volcanic eruptions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-30T12:03:05.512782","indexId":"70220296","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-18T06:59:32","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The seismo-acoustics of submarine volcanic eruptions","docAbstract":"Many of the world’s volcanoes are hidden beneath the ocean’s surface where eruptions are difficult to observe. However, seismo‐acoustic signals produced by these eruptions provide a useful means of identifying active submarine volcanism. A literature survey revealed reports of 119 seismo‐acoustically recorded submarine eruptions since 1939. Submarine eruptions have been recorded in all major tectonic settings, with a range of geochemistries, and at a variety of water depths, but the reports are dominated by eruptions in the Pacific and at only a few locations. Many of the reports offer little detail, with over half of the observations made from distances >500 km, and only about half were confirmed as eruptions by non‐seismo‐acoustic evidence. The reported seismo‐acoustic signals cover a wide variety of processes, including earthquakes, explosions, various types of tremor, signals related to lava extrusion, and landslides. Recorded signals can sometimes be difficult to classify or confidently associate with an eruption, although there has been progress in this regard. Real‐time monitoring of submarine eruptions has been on‐going for several decades on regional and global scales with growing interest and effort in local networks. Real‐time networks are complemented by short‐term instrument deployments that often give more detailed insights into the dynamics and processes of submarine eruptions. Thorough seismo‐acoustic monitoring and study has increased our understanding of submarine eruptions, especially of deep‐sea volcanoes and spreading centers. Despite this, there are still many outstanding questions that need to be addressed for submarine volcanoes to be as well understood and monitored as their terrestrial counterparts.
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Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Medalie, Laura 0000-0002-2440-2149","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2440-2149","contributorId":258234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medalie","given":"Laura","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stone, Wesley W. 0000-0003-0239-2063 wwstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0239-2063","contributorId":1496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Wesley","email":"wwstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70228697,"text":"70228697 - 2021 - Long-term multidecadal data from a prairie-pothole wetland complex reveal controls on aquatic-macroinvertebrate communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-17T17:14:06.696512","indexId":"70228697","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-16T11:06:42","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term multidecadal data from a prairie-pothole wetland complex reveal controls on aquatic-macroinvertebrate communities","docAbstract":"Interactions between climate and hydrogeologic settings contribute to the hydrologic and chemical variability among depressional wetlands, which influences their aquatic communities. These interactions and resulting variability have led to inconsistent results in terms of identifying reliable predictors of aquatic-macroinvertebrate community composition for depressional wetlands. This is especially true in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America where, in addition to pronounced climate variability, studies are often confounded by fish introductions. We used environmental monitoring data collected over a 24-year period from a complex of sixteen depressional wetlands and structural equation modeling techniques that incorporated theoretical and empirical relationships outlined in the Wetland Continuum to identify key environmental (climate and hydrogeologic setting) and biotic (competition and predation) drivers of aquatic-macroinvertebrate community composition for prairie-pothole wetlands. Uplands in the study area were primarily native prairie, thus, embedded wetlands were impacted minimally by agricultural influences. Additionally, study wetlands were predominately fishless. In the absence of the overwhelming influence of fishes, major drivers influencing aquatic-macroinvertebrate communities were revealed through the use of data spanning multidecadal-long climate cycles. We found variables related to the placement of wetlands along axes of the Wetland Continuum, e.g., hydrogeologic setting (relative wetland elevation) and hydroclimatic setting (proportion of wetland ponded), to be influential drivers of within-wetland habitat characteristics, such as the proportion of open-water area, which in turn was the strongest predictor of macroinvertebrate community composition. In contrast, predatory invertebrate and salamander abundance and non-predatory invertebrate biomass (i.e., predation and competition) were found to have minimal influence on community composition.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107678","usgsCitation":"McLean, K., Mushet, D.M., Newton, W.E., and Sweetman, J.N., 2021, Long-term multidecadal data from a prairie-pothole wetland complex reveal controls on aquatic-macroinvertebrate communities: Ecological Indicators, v. 126, 107678, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107678.","productDescription":"107678, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-094142","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452658,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107678","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":396116,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Cottonwood Lake Study Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100.70600509643555,\n 47.85014598272475\n ],\n [\n -100.60781478881836,\n 47.85014598272475\n ],\n [\n -100.60781478881836,\n 47.9002325297653\n ],\n [\n -100.70600509643555,\n 47.9002325297653\n ],\n [\n -100.70600509643555,\n 47.85014598272475\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"126","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McLean, Kyle 0000-0003-3803-0136 kmclean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3803-0136","contributorId":168533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLean","given":"Kyle","email":"kmclean@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mushet, David M. 0000-0002-5910-2744","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-2744","contributorId":248538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mushet","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Newton, Wesley E. 0000-0002-1377-043X wnewton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1377-043X","contributorId":3661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"Wesley","email":"wnewton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sweetman, Jon N.","contributorId":279537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sweetman","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":12471,"text":"North Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70220193,"text":"70220193 - 2021 - Changes in seabed mining","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-26T12:42:12.84965","indexId":"70220193","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-16T07:37:09","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"18","title":"Changes in seabed mining","docAbstract":"Chapter 23 of the First World Ocean Assessment (WOA I) focused on marine mining, and particularly on established extractive industries, which are predominantly confined to near-shore areas, where shallow-water, near-shore aggregate and placer deposits, and somewhat deeper water phosphate deposits are found (United Nations, 2017a). At the time of publication, there were no commercially developed deep-water seabed mining (DSM) deposits but an assessment of mining leases and exploration activity was included. Since WOA I, the number of deep-water (depths greater than 200 m below the ocean surface) seabed exploration licenses has increased both within national jurisdictions of coastal, island and archipelagic States, and beyond in the Area (the seabed, ocean floor and subsoil thereof beyond the limits of national jurisdiction) under the administration of the International Seabed Authority (ISA). For the first time, in 2017 deep-water seabed test-mining was carried out by Japan at a water depth of 1,600 m within its exclusive economic zone (EEZ) (METI, 2017). The update in the present Chapter will focus on the nascent deep-water seabed mining industry and mineral deposits. Hereafter, we use seabed for deep-water seabed. \n\nEnvironmental issues focused on impacts from dredging activities and a list of references for some mining operations were provided. However, WOA I could not provide an environmental baseline for DSM and considered that environmental, social and economic aspects were often not adequately understood with available data. Data on potential environmental impacts are still scarce and can differ greatly between mineral extraction from near-shore and seabed mining sites. Information on economic benefits, and to some extent social impacts, of mining is becoming progressively more accessible due to several initiatives promoting an increase in transparency of extractive industries. \n\nIn 2015, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development was adopted by all United Nations Member States. It includes 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to be addressed on the basis of a global partnership. DSM activities may have implications for the achievement of SDGs 1, 5, 7–10, 12–14, and 17.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"United Nations World Ocean Assessment II","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"United Nations","usgsCitation":"Hein, J.R., Madureira, P., Bebianno, M.J., Colaço, A., Pinheiro, L.M., Roth, R., Singh, P.K., Strati, A., and Tuhumwire, J.T., 2021, Changes in seabed mining, chap. 18 of United Nations World Ocean Assessment II, p. 257-280.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"280","ipdsId":"IP-120664","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":385302,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":385298,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.un.org/regularprocess/woa2launch"}],"edition":"II","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hein, James R. 0000-0002-5321-899X jhein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-899X","contributorId":140835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hein","given":"James","email":"jhein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":814690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madureira, Pedro","contributorId":257595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Madureira","given":"Pedro","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52062,"text":"Estrutura de Missão para a Extensão da Plataforma Continental","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bebianno, Maria Joao","contributorId":257599,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bebianno","given":"Maria","email":"","middleInitial":"Joao","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":814701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Colaço, Ana","contributorId":257596,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colaço","given":"Ana","affiliations":[{"id":52063,"text":"IMAR-Institute of Marine Research, Okeanos - Univ. dos Açores","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pinheiro, Luis M.","contributorId":201962,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pinheiro","given":"Luis","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36309,"text":"University of Aveiro, Portugal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Roth, Richard","contributorId":257597,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roth","given":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":52064,"text":"Materials Systems Lab, MIT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Singh, Pradeep K.","contributorId":215599,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Singh","given":"Pradeep","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":39293,"text":"Rock Excavation Engineering, CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Barwa road campus, Dhanbad, India","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Strati, Anastasia","contributorId":257600,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strati","given":"Anastasia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":814702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Tuhumwire, Joshua T.","contributorId":257601,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tuhumwire","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":814703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70220416,"text":"70220416 - 2021 - Emerging investigator series: Municipal wastewater as a year-round point source of neonicotinoid insecticides that persist in an effluent-dominated stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-01T17:48:28.662739","indexId":"70220416","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-16T07:29:08","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":8592,"text":"Environmental Sciences: Processes & Impacts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Emerging investigator series: Municipal wastewater as a year-round point source of neonicotinoid insecticides that persist in an effluent-dominated stream","docAbstract":"Neonicotinoids in aquatic systems have been predominantly associated with agriculture, but some are increasingly being linked to municipal wastewater. Thus, the aim of this work was to understand the municipal wastewater contribution to neonicotinoids in a representative, characterized effluent-dominated temperate-region stream. Our approach was to quantify the spatiotemporal concentrations of imidacloprid, clothianidin, thiamethoxam, and transformation product imidacloprid urea: 0.1 km upstream, the municipal wastewater effluent, and 0.1 and 5.1 km downstream from the wastewater outfall (collected twice-monthly for one year under baseflow conditions). Quantified results demonstrated that wastewater effluent was a point-source of imidacloprid (consistently) and clothianidin (episodically), where chronic invertebrate exposure benchmarks were exceeded for imidacloprid (36/52 samples; 3/52 > acute exposure benchmark) and clothianidin (8/52 samples). Neonicotinoids persisted downstream where mass loads were not significantly different than those in the effluent. The combined analysis of neonicotinoid effluent concentrations, instream seasonality, and registered uses in Iowa all indicate imidacloprid, and seasonally clothianidin, were driven by wastewater effluent, whereas thiamethoxam and imidacloprid urea were primarily from upstream non-point sources (or potential in-stream transformation for imidacloprid urea). This is the first study to quantify neonicotinoid persistence in an effluent-dominated stream throughout the year—implicating wastewater effluent as a point-source for imidacloprid (year-round) and clothianidin (seasonal). These findings suggest possible overlooked neonicotinoid indoor human exposure routes with subsequent implications for instream ecotoxicological exposure.
Crayfish are an aquatic fauna of conservation concern, yet regional studies are lacking on zoogeography and life history. We compared recent and historical species distribution data and assessed conservation standings of native and nonindigenous crayfish of the Potomac River Basin in West Virginia. From 2007–2011, a total of 1764 crayfish were collected from 159 sites. Data collection included species abundance, morphometrics, and life history parameters. Percentages of the number of individuals of each species of the total catch were 36.3% (Cambarus bartonii), 34.6% (Faxonius obscurus), 23.4% (Faxonius virilis), 3.6% (Procambarus cf. zonangulus) and 2.0% (Cambarus carinirostris). Cambarus bartonii was present throughout the drainage, F. obscurus was collected primarily from the North Branch, South Branch, and Cacapon river watersheds, and C. carinirostris was only collected in the South Branch watershed. Two nonnative species, F. virilis and P. cf. zonangulus, were only present in tributaries downstream of the Cacapon River watershed. Spinycheek crayfish (Faxonius limosus) were not collected during our survey, which suggests its possible extirpation from the West Virginia portion of its range. Our zoogeographic and life history data could serve as a baseline for future conservation-oriented monitoring efforts of the Potomac River watershed.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association of Astracology","doi":"10.5869/fc.2021.v26-1.37","usgsCitation":"Loughman, Z., Sykes, A.M., McKinney, M., and Welsh, S., 2021, Epigean crayfish of the Potomac River Basin in West Virginia: Zoogeography, natural history and conservation: Freshwater Crayfish, v. 26, no. 1, p. 37-49, https://doi.org/10.5869/fc.2021.v26-1.37.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"49","ipdsId":"IP-102633","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388480,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.6513671875,\n 39.605688178320804\n ],\n [\n -79.2333984375,\n 39.470125122358176\n ],\n [\n -80.419921875,\n 40.01078714046552\n ],\n [\n -80.5517578125,\n 40.413496049701955\n ],\n [\n -81.8701171875,\n 39.198205348894795\n ],\n [\n -82.5732421875,\n 38.37611542403604\n ],\n [\n -81.9580078125,\n 37.19533058280065\n ],\n [\n -80.4638671875,\n 37.3002752813443\n ],\n [\n -79.1455078125,\n 38.47939467327645\n ],\n [\n -78.0908203125,\n 39.605688178320804\n ],\n [\n -77.82714843749999,\n 39.26628442213066\n ],\n [\n -77.6513671875,\n 39.605688178320804\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loughman, Zachary J.","contributorId":264677,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loughman","given":"Zachary J.","affiliations":[{"id":40096,"text":"West Liberty University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sykes, Audrey M.","contributorId":264679,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sykes","given":"Audrey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40096,"text":"West Liberty University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKinney, Matthew I.","contributorId":264680,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKinney","given":"Matthew I.","affiliations":[{"id":40096,"text":"West Liberty University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Welsh, Stuart A. 0000-0003-0362-054X swelsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0362-054X","contributorId":152088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welsh","given":"Stuart A.","email":"swelsh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":821865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70221877,"text":"70221877 - 2021 - Critical shallow and deep hydrologic conditions associated with widespread landslides during a series of storms between February and April 2018 in Pittsburgh and vicinity, western Pennsylvania, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-12T14:40:36.670307","indexId":"70221877","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-14T09:37:51","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2604,"text":"Landslides","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Critical shallow and deep hydrologic conditions associated with widespread landslides during a series of storms between February and April 2018 in Pittsburgh and vicinity, western Pennsylvania, USA","docAbstract":"The potential for widespread landslides is generally increased when extraordinary wet periods occur during times of elevated subsurface hydrologic conditions. A series of storms in early 2018 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, overlapped with a period of increased shallow soil moisture and rising bedrock groundwater levels resulting from seasonally diminished evapotranspiration and induced widespread landslides in the region. Most of the landslides were shallow slope failures in colluvium, landslide deposits, and/or fill. However, deep-seated landslide activity also occurred and corresponded with record cumulative precipitation from late February to April and bedrock groundwater levels rising to an annual high. Landslides blocked or damaged roads, adversely affected multiple houses, disrupted electrical service, crushed vehicles, and resulted in considerable economic losses. The initial landslides occurred during or immediately after a rare period of three successive days of heavy rain that began on February 14. Subsequent landslides between late February and April were induced by multiday storms with smaller rainfall totals. As shallow soil moisture at a monitoring site rose above a volumetric water content of 32%, the mean rainfall intensities necessary to induce slope failure in colluvium and other surficial deposits decreased. Deep-seated landslide movement occurred in the region mostly when the groundwater level in a bedrock observation well was shallower than 1.7 m. The availability of hydrologic and landslide movement monitoring data during this extraordinary series of storms highlighted the evolution of the landslide hazard with changing moisture conditions and yielded insights into potential hydrologic criteria for anticipating future widespread landslides in the region.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10346-021-01665-x","usgsCitation":"Ashland, F., 2021, Critical shallow and deep hydrologic conditions associated with widespread landslides during a series of storms between February and April 2018 in Pittsburgh and vicinity, western Pennsylvania, USA: Landslides, v. 18, no. 6, p. 2159-2174, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-021-01665-x.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"2159","endPage":"2174","ipdsId":"IP-099724","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436408,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9BHFXFS","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Monitoring data from the Aleppo rockslide, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, November 2013 - December 2018"},{"id":387112,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Allegheny County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.15625,\n 40.07807142745009\n ],\n [\n -79.2333984375,\n 40.07807142745009\n ],\n [\n -79.2333984375,\n 40.68063802521456\n ],\n [\n -80.15625,\n 40.68063802521456\n ],\n [\n -80.15625,\n 40.07807142745009\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-04-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ashland, Francis 0000-0001-9948-0195 fashland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9948-0195","contributorId":198587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ashland","given":"Francis","email":"fashland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70219491,"text":"ofr20211025 - 2021 - Geophysical and video logs of selected wells at and near the former Naval Air Warfare Center Warminster, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, 2017-19","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-13T11:57:10.54168","indexId":"ofr20211025","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-12T11:20:00","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021-1025","displayTitle":"Geophysical and Video Logs of Selected Wells at and near the Former Naval Air Warfare Center Warminster, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, 2017–19","title":"Geophysical and video logs of selected wells at and near the former Naval Air Warfare Center Warminster, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, 2017-19","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collected borehole geophysical and video logs in 17 open-hole wells in Northampton, Warminster, and Warwick Townships, Bucks County, Pennsylvania during 2017–19 to support detailed groundwater investigations at and near the former Naval Air Warfare Center (NAWC) Warminster, where groundwater contamination with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) had become a concern since 2014. The area is underlain by the Triassic Stockton Formation, which forms a fractured-sedimentary-rock aquifer used for private, industrial, and public drinking-water supply. The geophysical and video logs were used to characterize the boreholes and identify potential water-bearing fractures for subsequent detailed investigations. Of the 17 wells that were logged, subsequent investigations were conducted by USGS in 15 wells and included hydraulic tests of discrete water-bearing zones using a straddle-packer system in 13 wells and depth-discrete point sampling in 2 wells. These 15 wells ranged in depth from about 210 to 604 feet (ft) below land surface (bls) and included six new 6-inch diameter wells drilled to initial depths of 600 ft bls on the former NAWC Warminster base property in 2018 and nine 8- to 12-inch diameter existing former production or unused test wells. Partial geophysical or video logs also were collected by USGS during 2018 in two other wells that were not included in subsequent detailed investigations.
Most wells had numerous water-bearing fractures or openings throughout the depth of the open boreholes. Most of these water-bearing features appeared to be openings parallel to bedding or high-angle fractures approximately orthogonal to bedding. Casing lengths ranged from about 19 to 93 ft bls. Depth to the ambient water level at the time of logging ranged from about 1.8 ft above land surface in a flowing well to about 55 ft bls. Measured borehole flow was predominantly downward in most of the deepest wells (greater than 400 ft), which were commonly located at the highest land-surface elevations, and contained inflow from fractures at relatively shallow depths and outflow through fractures near or below depths of 500 ft bls. Borehole flow was predominantly upward in most wells less than 400 ft in depth.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20211025","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Navy","usgsCitation":"Senior, L.A., Anderson, J.A., and Bird, P.H., 2021, Geophysical and video logs of selected wells at and near the former Naval Air Warfare Center Warminster, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, 2017–19: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2021–1025, 92 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20211025.","productDescription":"x, 92 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-118758","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":384970,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1025/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":384971,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1025/ofr20211025.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12.5 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Pennsylvania Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
215 Limekiln Road
New Cumberland, PA 17070-2424
Cheney Reservoir, in south-central Kansas, is the primary water supply for the city of Wichita, Kansas. The North Fork Ninnescah River is the largest tributary to Cheney Reservoir and contributes about 70 percent of the inflow. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the City of Wichita, has been continuously monitoring water quality (including water temperature, specific conductance, pH, dissolved oxygen, and turbidity) on the North Fork Ninnescah River upstream from Cheney Reservoir (U.S. Geological Survey site 07144780) since November 1998. Continued data collection would be beneficial to update and describe changing water-quality conditions in the drainage basin and in the reservoir over time.
Regression models were developed to describe relations between discretely measured constituent concentrations and continuously measured physical properties. The models updated in this report include total suspended solids (TSS), suspended-sediment concentration (SSC), nitrate plus nitrite, nitrate, orthophosphate (OP), total phosphorus (TP), and total organic carbon (TOC).
Daily computed concentrations for TSS, TP, and nitrate plus nitrite during 1999–2019 were compared with Cheney Reservoir Task Force (CRTF) goals for base-flow and runoff conditions. CRTF goals for base-flow concentrations were exceeded more frequently (70 to 99.9 percent of the time) than runoff goals (0 to 11 percent of the time). Except for 2012, annual mean TSS concentrations exceeded the base-flow goal every year. Nitrate plus nitrite and TP annual mean concentrations exceeded the base-flow goals every year. TSS and nitrate plus nitrite annual mean concentrations during runoff conditions never exceeded the CRTF runoff goal. TP annual mean concentrations during runoff conditions only exceeded the CRTF runoff goal during 2002.
Sedimentation is progressively reducing the storage capacity of Cheney Reservoir. During 1999–2019, 55 percent of the computed suspended-sediment load was transported during the top 1 percent of loading days (76 days); 22 percent of the total load was transported in the top 10 loading days, indicating that substantial parts of suspended-sediment loads continue to be delivered during disproportionately small periods in Cheney Reservoir. Successful sediment management efforts necessitate reduction techniques that account for these large load events.
Flow-normalized concentrations and fluxes were computed during 1999 through 2019 using Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge, and Season (WRTDS) statistical models and WRTDS bootstrap tests. Flow-normalized concentrations of TSS, SSC, OP, TP, and TOC had upward trend probabilities; conversely, nitrate plus nitrite had a downward trend. Flow-normalized fluxes for OP, TP, and TOC had an upward trend. No discernible patterns were identified for flow-normalized flux of TSS or suspended sediment. Nitrate plus nitrite flow-normalized flux indicated a downward trend.
Flow-normalized concentrations for TSS were less than the CRTF long-term goal of 100 milligrams per liter (mg/L), but the upward trend indicated the long-term goal may be exceeded if no changes are made. Flow-normalized TP concentrations exceeded the CRTF long-term goal (0.1 mg/L) and were assigned a very likely upward trend. Flow-normalized nitrate plus nitrite concentrations exceeded the CRTF long-term goal of 1.2 mg/L during the beginning of the study period, then were less than the CRTF goal for the remainder of the study; however, during 2010–19 flow-normalized concentrations increased by 6 percent.
Linking water-quality changes to causal factors requires consistent monitoring before, during, and after changes; this presents challenges related to length and frequency of data collection and available concomitant land-use and conservation practice data. As such, attribution of water-quality trends to land-use changes or conservation practices was not possible for this study because of a lack of land-use and conservation practice data. Additionally, because precipitation frequency and intensity are projected to continue to increase in the Great Plains region, accounting for extreme episodic events may be an important consideration in future sediment and nutrient load reduction plans.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215006","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Wichita","usgsCitation":"Kramer, A.R., Klager, B.J., Stone, M.L., and Eslick-Huff, P.J., 2021, Regression relations and long-term water-quality constituent concentrations, loads, yields, and trends in the North Fork Ninnescah River, south-central Kansas, 1999–2019: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5006, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215006.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 51 p.; Appendixes: 24; Dataset","numberOfPages":"66","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-118868","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":384937,"rank":3,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System database","description":"USGS Dataset","linkHelpText":"— USGS water data for the Nation"},{"id":384935,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5006/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":384936,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5006/sir20215006.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.80 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2021–5006"},{"id":384938,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5006/downloads/","text":"Appendixes 1–24","description":"SIR 2021–5006 Appendixes 1–24"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"North Fork Ninnescah River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.7176513671875,\n 37.60987994374712\n ],\n [\n -97.3663330078125,\n 37.60987994374712\n ],\n [\n -97.3663330078125,\n 38.238180119798635\n ],\n [\n -98.7176513671875,\n 38.238180119798635\n ],\n [\n -98.7176513671875,\n 37.60987994374712\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Kansas Water Science Center
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Lawrence, KS 66049
The U.S. Geological Survey used surface and borehole geophysical methods to delineate the freshwater-saltwater interface in coastal plain aquifers along the southwestern part of Long Island, New York. Over pumping of groundwater in the early 20th century combined with freshwater-saltwater interfaces at the coastline created saltwater intrusion in the upper glacial, Jameco, Magothy, and Lloyd aquifers. Our research indicates extensive saltwater intrusion of the Lloyd aquifer along the southwestern coast of Long Island, N.Y. Several public-supply wells in the southern parts of Nassau, Queens, and Kings Counties have been adversely affected by saltwater intrusion causing several supply wells to be shut down and abandoned.
In 2015–17, the U.S. Geological Survey collected time domain electromagnetic soundings at 12 locations and borehole electromagnetic induction conductivity logs at 9 outpost wells within the study area to delineate several saltwater intrusion wedges. Three separate wedges , (shallow, intermediate, and deep), of saltwater intrusion were delineated in the upper glacial, Jameco, and Magothy aquifer complex. In addition, reanalysis of geophysical logs collected in an open borehole of a test well in southern Queens County in 1989 revealed the Lloyd aquifer was nearly completely intruded by saltwater with an estimated chloride concentration of 15,000 milligrams per liter. This suggests the freshwater-saltwater interface was at the coastline and not miles offshore as theorized by previous studies.
","conferenceTitle":"28th Conference on Geology of Long Island and Metropolitan New York","conferenceDate":"April 10, 2021","language":"English","publisher":"Long Island Geologists","usgsCitation":"Stumm, F., Como, M.D., and Zuck, M.A., 2021, Delineation of the freshwater-saltwater interface on southwestern Long Island, New York, through use of surface and borehole geophysical methods, 28th Conference on Geology of Long Island and Metropolitan New York, April 10, 2021, 20 p.","productDescription":"20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-127719","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":385128,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pbisotopes.ess.sunysb.edu/lig/Conferences/abstracts21/Program%202021.htm"},{"id":385129,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Long Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.92013549804688,\n 40.78470081841747\n ],\n [\n -73.9764404296875,\n 40.71603763556807\n ],\n [\n -74.01901245117188,\n 40.686886382151116\n ],\n [\n -74.04373168945312,\n 40.62020704520565\n ],\n [\n -73.99566650390625,\n 40.56806745430726\n ],\n [\n -73.927001953125,\n 40.53676418550201\n ],\n [\n -73.50128173828125,\n 40.57745558120849\n ],\n [\n -73.40789794921875,\n 40.612909950230936\n ],\n [\n -73.63723754882812,\n 40.79925662005228\n ],\n [\n -73.92013549804688,\n 40.78470081841747\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stumm, Frederick 0000-0002-5388-8811 fstumm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5388-8811","contributorId":1077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stumm","given":"Frederick","email":"fstumm@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Como, Michael D. 0000-0002-7911-5390 mcomo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7911-5390","contributorId":4651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Como","given":"Michael","email":"mcomo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zuck, Marie A. 0000-0003-2809-4734","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2809-4734","contributorId":239734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zuck","given":"Marie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70229985,"text":"70229985 - 2021 - Nitrogen biogeochemistry in a boreal headwater stream network in interior Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-22T14:28:15.083341","indexId":"70229985","displayToPublicDate":"2021-04-10T08:58:54","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nitrogen biogeochemistry in a boreal headwater stream network in interior Alaska","docAbstract":"High latitude, boreal watersheds are nitrogen (N)-limited ecosystems that export large amounts of organic carbon (C). Key controls on C cycling in these environments are the biogeochemical processes affecting the N cycle. A study was conducted in Nome Creek, an upland headwater tributary of the Yukon River, and two first-order tributaries to Nome Creek, to examine the relation between seasonal and transport-associated changes in C and N pools and N-cycling processes across varying hydrologic gradients using laboratory bioassays of water and sediment samples and in-stream tracer tests. DON exceeded dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in Nome Creek except late in the summer season, with little variation in organic C:N ratios with time or transport distance. DIN was dominant in the 1st order tributaries. Rates of organic N mineralization and denitrification in laboratory incubations were related to sediment organic C content, while nitrification rates differed greatly between two 1st order tributaries with similar drainages. Additions of DIN or urea did not stimulate microbial activity. In-stream tracer tests with nitrate and urea indicated that uptake rates were slow relative to transport rates; simulated rates of uptake in stream storage zones were higher than rates assessed in the laboratory bioassays. In general, N-cycle processes were more active and had a greater overall impact in the 1st order tributaries and were minimized in Nome Creek, the larger, higher velocity, transport-dominated stream. Understanding key controls on N-cycling processes in these watersheds has important implications for DIN speciation and down-stream impacts of potential increased N loads in response to climate warming.","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142906","usgsCitation":"Smith, R.L., Repert, D.A., and Koch, J.C., 2021, Nitrogen biogeochemistry in a boreal headwater stream network in interior Alaska: Science of the Total Environment, v. 764, 142906, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142906.","productDescription":"142906, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-098998","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452718,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142906","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436415,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9K61317","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Nitrogen biogeochemistry in a boreal headwater stream network in Interior Alaska, 2008 to 2011"},{"id":397395,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"East Twin Creek, Nome Creek, West Twin Creek, White Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -147.14040756225586,\n 65.35946624333435\n ],\n [\n -147.03432083129883,\n 65.35946624333435\n ],\n [\n -147.03432083129883,\n 65.39429760005945\n ],\n [\n -147.14040756225586,\n 65.39429760005945\n ],\n [\n -147.14040756225586,\n 65.35946624333435\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"764","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Richard L. 0000-0002-3829-0125 rlsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3829-0125","contributorId":1592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"rlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Repert, Deborah A. 0000-0001-7284-1456 darepert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7284-1456","contributorId":2578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Repert","given":"Deborah","email":"darepert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koch, Joshua C. 0000-0001-7180-6982 jkoch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7180-6982","contributorId":202532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"Joshua","email":"jkoch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}