The bedrock geology of the 7.5-minute Port Henry quadrangle consists of deformed and metamorphosed Mesoproterozoic gneisses of the Adirondack Highlands unconformably overlain by weakly deformed lower Paleozoic sedimentary rocks of the Champlain Valley. The Mesoproterozoic rocks occur on the eastern edge of the Adirondack Highlands and represent an extension of the Grenville Province of Laurentia. Mesoproterozoic paragneiss, marble, and amphibolite hosted the emplacement of an anorthosite-mangerite-charnockite-granite (AMCG) suite, now exposed mostly as orthogneiss, at approximately 1.18–1.15 Ga (giga-annum). In the Port Henry quadrangle, the AMCG metaigneous rocks (Yhg, Ygb, Yanw) intruded older, mostly metasedimentary rocks of the Grenville Complex during the middle to late Shawinigan orogeny (~1,160–1,150 Ma [mega-annum]). All rocks were subsequently metamorphosed to upper amphibolite to granulite facies conditions during the 1,080–1,050 Ma Ottawan orogeny. New mapping reveals four periods of deformation: (1) D1 produced rarely preserved isoclinal folds in the paragneiss and marble and predates AMCG magmatism. (2) Subsequent D2 deformation produced the dominant gneissic fabric preserved in the rock, recumbent folding, and deformed all the Proterozoic units in the map area. Syn- to late-D2 felsic magmatism resulted in the regionally extensive Lyon Mountain Granite Gneiss, which hosts numerous magnetite ore bodies. (3) Mylonitic extensional shear zones and core complex formation marked the beginning of D3 deformation. Protracted D3 deformation resulted in F3 upright folding, dome and basin formation, pegmatite intrusion, reactivation of the S2 foliation, partial melting, metamorphism, metasomatism, iron-ore remobilization, and intrusion of magnetite-bearing pegmatite both as layer-parallel sills and crosscutting dikes. (4) D4 created northeast- and northwest-trending local high-grade ductile shear zones and boudinage, northwest-trending regional kilometer (km)-wide ductile shear zones, and crosscutting granitic pegmatite dikes. The development of the late-stage regional shear zones (D4) was likely due to the continuation of extensional doming and uplift from upper amphibolite facies conditions at the end of the Ottawan orogeny. The majority of iron-ore deposits in the Port Henry and adjacent Witherbee quadrangles are in the hanging wall of these extensional shear zones. In the Port Henry quadrangle, the km-wide Cheney Mountain shear zone is the result of D4 deformation. Kilometer-scale lineaments readily observed in lidar data are Ediacaran mafic dikes and Phanerozoic brittle faults. The Paleozoic rocks are part of the Early Cambrian to Late Ordovician carbonate bank on the ancient margin of Laurentia. The approximately 1-km-thick Cambrian to Ordovician stratigraphy records a transition from synrift clastics to passive-margin peritidal carbonate buildups to gradually deeper-water subtidal- to shelf-carbonates during foreland basin development associated with the Taconic orogeny. The Paleozoic rocks are weakly folded and block faulted. Large areas of the Champlain Valley are covered by undifferentiated glacial deposits, some of which contain mapped landslides. The map also shows waste rock piles and tailings from historical mining operations.
This study was undertaken to improve our understanding of the bedrock geology in the Adirondack Highlands, establish a modern framework for 1:24,000-scale bedrock geologic mapping in the Adirondacks, provide a context for historical iron mines in the eastern Adirondacks, and update the stratigraphy of the Champlain Valley in New York and Vermont. This Open-File Report includes a bedrock geologic map; a description of map units; a correlation of map units; and a geographic information system database that includes bedrock geologic units, faults, outcrops, and structural geologic information.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20261062","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Vermont, Vermont Agency of Natural Resources, Vermont Geological Survey and the State of New York, Department of Education, New York Geological Survey","programNote":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program","usgsCitation":"Valley, P.M., Parker, M., Walsh, G.J., Orndorff, R.C., Walton, M.S., Jr., and Crider, E.A., Jr., 2026, Preliminary bedrock geologic map of the Port Henry quadrangle, Essex County, New York, and Addison County, Vermont: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2026–1062, 1 sheet, scale 1:24,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20261062.","productDescription":"1 Sheet: 63.17 x 30.58 inches; Data Release","numberOfPages":"1","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-158945","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500360,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_119212.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":499704,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13HYFPM","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Database for the preliminary bedrock geologic map of the Port Henry quadrangle, Essex County, New York, and Addison County, Vermont"},{"id":499702,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2026/1062/coverthb4.jpg"},{"id":499703,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2026/1062/ofr20261062.pdf","text":"Sheet","size":"5.45 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2026-1062 PDF"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York, Vermont","county":"Addison County, Essex County","otherGeospatial":"Port Henry quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.5,\n 44.125\n ],\n [\n -73.5,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -73.375,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -73.375,\n 44.125\n ],\n [\n -73.5,\n 44.125\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Florence Bascom Geoscience Center
U.S. Geological Survey
926A National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
Shorebird populations are declining globally but it generally remains unclear how those declines translate to changes at the regional scale. We conducted the first longitudinal surveys of breeding shorebirds in Alaska under the Program for Regional and International Shorebird Monitoring (PRISM), resurveying the Coastal Plain (1002 Area) of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) in 2019 and 2022 to compare with initial surveys conducted in 2002 and 2004. Our goals were to (1) estimate contemporary population sizes of breeding shorebirds across this 6,249 km2 area, and (2) assess population trends for the species detected in both survey periods. We estimated population sizes for 16 species, with a combined total of 135,178 (95% CI: 113,532–156,824) in 2019 and 2022—a decline of approximately 17% (90% CI: –34% to + 3%) from 2002 and 2004 when the same survey methods were used. Four species showed a statistically significant decrease (α = 0.10): Calidris alpina arcticola (Dunlin), Limnodromus scolopaceus (Long-billed Dowitcher), Phalaropus lobatus (Red-necked Phalarope), and P. fulicarius (Red Phalarope). Only C. melanotos (Pectoral Sandpiper) showed a significant increase. Overall, 5 of 10 species—and all species combined—had a > 90% probability of decline. Population changes for the polygamous species (i.e., Phalaropus sp. and C. melanotos), which show irruptive breeding and low breeding site fidelity, may reflect temporary immigration or emigration driven by annual environmental variation, rather than true population change. Nevertheless, the overall pattern of declines aligns with migration surveys outside the Arctic. These findings highlight the vulnerability of Arctic-breeding shorebirds to threats throughout their annual cycles and underscore the potential for sustained long-term monitoring in this rapidly changing region to inform effective, flyway-scale conservation strategies across the Western Hemisphere.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/ornithapp/duag022","usgsCitation":"Brown, S.C., Lyons, J., Saalfeld, S.T., Schulte, S., Latty, C.J., McGarvey, M., Kidd, L.R., Carr, K.L., and Lanctot, R.B., 2026, Breeding shorebird surveys in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, suggest population declines over two decades for most species: Ornithological Applications, no. Online First, duag022, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duag022.","productDescription":"duag022, 31 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178597","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500821,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duag022","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500721,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Arctic National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -145.18568704946426,\n 68.80988789172946\n ],\n [\n -145.18568704946426,\n 68.30992788035755\n ],\n [\n -143.2945429606439,\n 68.30992788035755\n ],\n [\n -143.2945429606439,\n 68.80988789172946\n ],\n [\n -145.18568704946426,\n 68.80988789172946\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","issue":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Stephen C.","contributorId":367088,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Stephen","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":84665,"text":"Manomet Conservation Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyons, James E. 0000-0002-9810-8751","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9810-8751","contributorId":228916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"James E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Saalfeld, Sarah T.","contributorId":367089,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saalfeld","given":"Sarah","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schulte, Shiloh","contributorId":354797,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schulte","given":"Shiloh","affiliations":[{"id":84665,"text":"Manomet Conservation Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Latty, Christopher J.","contributorId":367090,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Latty","given":"Christopher","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McGarvey, Metta","contributorId":332828,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGarvey","given":"Metta","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79653,"text":"Manomet, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kidd, Lindall R.","contributorId":367091,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kidd","given":"Lindall","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":79655,"text":"BirdLife Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Carr, Kirsti L.K.","contributorId":367092,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carr","given":"Kirsti","middleInitial":"L.K.","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lanctot, Richard B.","contributorId":367093,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lanctot","given":"Richard","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70274650,"text":"70274650 - 2026 - Intraspecific contact among white-tailed deer: A literature review and chronic wasting disease case study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-02T16:47:01.123474","indexId":"70274650","displayToPublicDate":"2026-02-12T09:38:04","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intraspecific contact among white-tailed deer: A literature review and chronic wasting disease case study","docAbstract":"White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) are a valuable game mammal in the eastern United States necessitating detailed understanding of disease transmission. We conducted a literature review on intraspecific contact (i.e., interactions wherein disease transmission may occur) among deer. From 69 studies, we identified five themes underlying research on intraspecific deer contact: physical touch, social groups, spatial overlap, association rates, and social networks. Visual observations determined physical touch to be infrequent (< 2 touches/h) and indicated deer social groups were dependent on spatial dynamics of parturition and dispersal; most females remained with matriarchal family groups while males dispersed and formed bachelor groups. Assessed using global positioning system (GPS) monitoring, spatial overlap and association rates (i.e., instances of deer in close spatial–temporal proximity) were higher in correspondence to within-group social dynamics, and between-group scores were correspondingly low. Social network analyses indicated between-group transmission may be driven by socially dominant males, often termed super-spreaders (i.e., hosts infecting disproportionately high numbers of healthy individuals). We investigated these themes via a case study of deer infected with chronic wasting disease (CWD) in southcentral Pennsylvania, United States. We assessed spatial overlap and association rates using GPS monitoring data from 180 deer. Our results supported findings in the literature, showing strong correlations among spatial overlap, association rates, and correlated movements. Further, CWD-infected deer exhibited similar association rates to deer in which CWD was not detected. Our literature review and case study indicate direct transmission of CWD and other diseases is likely greatest within social groups following seasonal behavioral dynamics and that between-group transmission is likely driven by males via dispersal and mating interactions. Our results may be used to inform population management models with future work focused on high resolution spatial assessments of transmission in localized areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.73040","usgsCitation":"Wehr, N.H., Bondo, K.J., Rosenberry, C.S., Stainbrook, D., Wallingford, B.D., and Walter, W., 2026, Intraspecific contact among white-tailed deer: A literature review and chronic wasting disease case study: Ecology and Evolution, v. 16, no. 2, e73040, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.73040.","productDescription":"e73040, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-182245","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502090,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.73040","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":502014,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"southcentral Pennsylvania","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.32215898198577,\n 40.430818578170204\n ],\n [\n -78.32215898198577,\n 39.73578816878745\n ],\n [\n -77.0741919959731,\n 39.73578816878745\n ],\n [\n -77.0741919959731,\n 40.430818578170204\n ],\n [\n -78.32215898198577,\n 40.430818578170204\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wehr, Nathaniel H.","contributorId":369169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wehr","given":"Nathaniel","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6738,"text":"The Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bondo, Kristin J.","contributorId":369170,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bondo","given":"Kristin","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6738,"text":"The Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosenberry, Christopher S.","contributorId":369171,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Christopher","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12891,"text":"Pennsylvania Game Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stainbrook, David","contributorId":272188,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stainbrook","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":36985,"text":"Penn State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wallingford, Bret D.","contributorId":369173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wallingford","given":"Bret","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12891,"text":"Pennsylvania Game Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Walter, W. David 0000-0003-3068-1073","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3068-1073","contributorId":219540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"W. David","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70274162,"text":"70274162 - 2026 - Tracking baseflow supply dynamics using SWOT data from small groundwater-dominated lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-04T15:10:02.201402","indexId":"70274162","displayToPublicDate":"2026-02-12T07:43:39","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tracking baseflow supply dynamics using SWOT data from small groundwater-dominated lakes","docAbstract":"In situ surface-water monitoring strategies are biased towards larger perennial streams and lakes and are generally not designed to track mechanisms of baseflow supply contributed by the dynamic storage of aquifers. Additionally, small (< 1 km2) groundwater-influenced lakes and wetlands globally have little in situ monitoring infrastructure. We explored the utility of remotely sensed Surface Water Ocean Topography Satellite (SWOT) data, collected from 2023 onward, to characterise the seasonal and multi-year water-level trends of groundwater flow-through kettle lakes distributed across the permeable sediments of eastern Massachusetts, USA. This analysis indicated that water levels for kettle lakes with areas down to approximately 0.05 km2 are resolvable in the study area. Our examination of 17 kettle lakes found that SWOT water-surface elevation data closely tracked groundwater levels in adjacent monitoring wells where available, including the timing of seasonal patterns (highest levels generally in late spring), although there was some variation between years and there was a substantial lag in the timing of high water levels for a lake located downgradient from a 30-m-thick vadose zone. Furthermore, SWOT-observed water-level increases in kettle lakes tracked with baseflow increases in two adjacent groundwater-dominated streams, as would be expected from increased hydraulic gradients. Unlike spectral remote sensing, SWOT data are generally not affected by cloud cover, resulting in a potential for groundwater-dominated lakes to be sentinels of dynamic storage patterns, including identification of baseflow drought lags, which are currently ill-defined hydrological processes. SWOT monitoring of groundwater-influenced surface waters shows potential for augmenting existing monitoring wells and streamgages as continuous monitors of groundwater levels and baseflow supply in permeable terrain.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70414","usgsCitation":"Briggs, M.A., Harlan, M.E., Rey, D., Hare, D.K., LeBlanc, D.R., Boutt, D.F., and Gooseff, M.N., 2026, Tracking baseflow supply dynamics using SWOT data from small groundwater-dominated lakes: Hydrological Processes, v. 40, no. 2, e70414, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70414.","productDescription":"e70414, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178175","costCenters":[{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500848,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70414","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500722,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"coastal southeastern Massachusetts","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.67620889081189,\n 42.11446080523638\n ],\n [\n -70.67620889081189,\n 41.52445687414806\n ],\n [\n -69.90003630265832,\n 41.52445687414806\n ],\n [\n -69.90003630265832,\n 42.11446080523638\n ],\n [\n -70.67620889081189,\n 42.11446080523638\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Briggs, Martin A. 0000-0003-3206-4132","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-4132","contributorId":222756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Martin","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harlan, Merritt Elizabeth 0000-0002-4019-4888","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4019-4888","contributorId":302672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harlan","given":"Merritt","email":"","middleInitial":"Elizabeth","affiliations":[{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rey, David M. 0000-0003-2629-365X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2629-365X","contributorId":211848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rey","given":"David M.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hare, Danielle K.","contributorId":219738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hare","given":"Danielle","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":36710,"text":"University of Connecticut","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"LeBlanc, Denis R. 0000-0002-4646-2628","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4646-2628","contributorId":219907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeBlanc","given":"Denis","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Boutt, David F.","contributorId":81095,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boutt","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":956734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gooseff, Michael N.","contributorId":367087,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gooseff","given":"Michael","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":36621,"text":"University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70274663,"text":"70274663 - 2026 - Interplay between tectonics and submarine mass transport deposits in Cortes Basin: New high-resolution geophysics in the Outer California Borderland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-03T15:15:07.218513","indexId":"70274663","displayToPublicDate":"2026-02-04T10:03:52","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7501,"text":"JGR Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interplay between tectonics and submarine mass transport deposits in Cortes Basin: New high-resolution geophysics in the Outer California Borderland","docAbstract":"The Outer California Borderland (OCB) is an active transform plate boundary offshore Southern California, where the relationship between faulting and submarine mass transport deposits (MTDs) remains poorly understood. Onshore paleoseismic data provide high-resolution earthquake records, whereas marine geophysical data capture longer-term histories. Offshore fault systems pose hazards to infrastructure and dense coastal populations, particularly when linked to submarine landslides. We present new high-resolution geophysical data set (cruise SR2303), including bathymetric and CHIRP sub-bottom data integrated with legacy seismic reflection data and chronostratigraphic constraints from ODP Site 1012 to examine Quaternary MTD recurrence and tectonic controls in the Cortes Basin, OCB. Bathymetry shows deformational features, including slide scarps and previously unmapped fault segments with evidence of Holocene activity. CHIRP profiles reveal 10 stacked MTDs in the East Cortes Basin and 8 in the West Cortes Basin, spanning ∼752 ka with an average recurrence of ∼83.6 ± 1 ka. Acoustic imaging shows 7 MTD intervals coinciding with fault offset increments and fault growth suggesting earthquake-triggered mass wasting. A strong association between MTD occurrences and sea-level extremes also supports glacio-eustatic contribution to slope failure. Stratigraphic correlations suggest quasi-synchronous MTDs across the eastern and western areas, likely triggered by larger eathquakes in the Quaternary. Although the identified MTDs occur relatively far from the Southern California coast, they still pose a potential tsunamigenic hazard requiring further assessment. Moreover, if linked to earthquakes along major strike-slip faults, for example, the Ferrelo fault, the MTDs may provide valuable proxies to constrain rupture scenarios and fault connectivity within the understudied OCB.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025JB032100","usgsCitation":"Fabbrizzi, A., Maloney, J.M., Derosier, B.J., and Keith, B., 2026, Interplay between tectonics and submarine mass transport deposits in Cortes Basin: New high-resolution geophysics in the Outer California Borderland: JGR Solid Earth, v. 131, no. 2, e2025JB032100, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JB032100.","productDescription":"e2025JB032100, 30 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178847","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502458,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025jb032100","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":502163,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Cortes Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.25,\n 32.575\n ],\n [\n -119.25,\n 32.575\n ],\n [\n -119.25,\n 31.75\n ],\n [\n -118.25,\n 31.75\n ],\n [\n -118.25,\n 32.575\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"131","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fabbrizzi, Andrea 0000-0003-3166-1015","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3166-1015","contributorId":369216,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fabbrizzi","given":"Andrea","affiliations":[{"id":6608,"text":"San Diego State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maloney, Jillian M. 0000-0001-8223-4676","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8223-4676","contributorId":261208,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maloney","given":"Jillian","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6608,"text":"San Diego State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Derosier, Boe Jay 0000-0003-1517-4129","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1517-4129","contributorId":369217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derosier","given":"Boe","middleInitial":"Jay","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keith, Bradley","contributorId":369218,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keith","given":"Bradley","affiliations":[{"id":6608,"text":"San Diego State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70273876,"text":"70273876 - 2026 - Migration water temperature and heat stress assessments in western Alaska Chinook salmon overlapping the 2019 heatwave","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-11T15:25:43.001543","indexId":"70273876","displayToPublicDate":"2026-02-04T09:17:59","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Migration water temperature and heat stress assessments in western Alaska Chinook salmon overlapping the 2019 heatwave","docAbstract":"Chinook salmon population declines span their geographic range with climate hypothesized as a major driver. Concerns of warming freshwater temperatures in their northern range gained urgency during 2019 when a heatwave coincided with premature mortality. This study examined heat stress during the 2019 heatwave compared to subsequent years and described water temperatures in western Alaska to understand the degree to which freshwater temperatures may be a stressor. Heat stress was prevalent among Chinook salmon captured in the 2019 heatwave (Kuskokwim tributaries: 90% in Kwethluk and 63% Takotna river), and variable in subsequent years (∼8% to 60% across Kuskokwim tributaries and Norton Sound rivers). A review of water temperature data indicated that potentially stressful temperatures (≥18 °C) were most common and prolonged in the Yukon River, moderately common and prolonged in the Kuskokwim River, and relatively rare in the Norton Sound region. Water temperatures in 2019 broke several records for overall maximum and frequency of temperatures ≥ 18 °C. Migration water temperatures and heat stress in northern Pacific salmon habitats vary more widely than previously recognized (up to 25 °C).
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2025-0109","usgsCitation":"von Biela, V.R., Regish, A.M., McCormick, S.D., Spaeder, J., Whitworth, K., Leon, J., Gillikin, D., Liller, Z., Ivanoff, R., Bell, J., Larson, S.D., Carey, M.P., and Zimmerman, C.E., 2026, Migration water temperature and heat stress assessments in western Alaska Chinook salmon overlapping the 2019 heatwave: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2025-0109.","ipdsId":"IP-171279","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":65299,"text":"Alaska Science Center Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499750,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"western Alaska","edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"von Biela, Vanessa R. 0000-0002-7139-5981 vvonbiela@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7139-5981","contributorId":3104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"von Biela","given":"Vanessa","email":"vvonbiela@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Regish, Amy M. 0000-0003-4747-4265","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4747-4265","contributorId":265360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Regish","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science 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0000-0002-3646-0688 czimmerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-0688","contributorId":410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Christian","email":"czimmerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70273830,"text":"70273830 - 2026 - Geochronologic data reveal Late Pleistocene to Holocene debris-flow history and wildfire association within Whiskeytown National Recreation Area, Klamath Mountains, northern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-05T15:39:38.546339","indexId":"70273830","displayToPublicDate":"2026-02-04T08:29:33","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochronologic data reveal Late Pleistocene to Holocene debris-flow history and wildfire association within Whiskeytown National Recreation Area, Klamath Mountains, northern California","docAbstract":"Understanding the local to regional history of extreme events such as debris flows and floods provides context to plan for and mitigate these hazards to life, property, and infrastructure. The Klamath Mountains of northwestern California have experienced both debris flows and devastating wildfires. Whiskeytown National Recreation Area (WHIS) is at the heart of this range and has a wealth of debris flow–related landforms. Gaining an understanding of prehistoric flows and their relationship with fire or other potential triggers can help mitigate future problems. Optically stimulated luminescence and radiocarbon analyses from sediment and entrained organics in undisturbed facies, including beneath partially buried boulders, establishes a chronology of paleo-events in WHIS. The levee deposits indicate a repetition of debris flows during the latest Holocene, every 125–150 years, since 850 yr. Larger flows occurred, with a record elucidated from debris-flow deposits along Clear Creek, with Middle Holocene ages, ca. 2600 to 5500 yr, most of which have sufficient concentrations of charcoal to indicate origins as postfire debris flows. Deposits at higher elevations show events from the latest Pleistocene ca. 13,000 yr. This geochronology indicates that these are not singular events but are relatively common and inherent to the geomorphic processes shaping this landscape.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/qua.2025.10064","usgsCitation":"Wood, J., Mahan, S.A., East, A.E., Bilderback, E., Krolczyk, E.T., Rasmussen, B.A., Zyatitsky, K.S., and Hallas, L.(., 2026, Geochronologic data reveal Late Pleistocene to Holocene debris-flow history and wildfire association within Whiskeytown National Recreation Area, Klamath Mountains, northern California: Quaternary Research, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2025.10064.","productDescription":"21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176240","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499931,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2025.10064","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499584,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Klamath Mountains, Whiskeytown National Recreation Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.63689471598963,\n 40.6731703155468\n ],\n [\n -122.63689471598963,\n 40.56431461436682\n ],\n [\n -122.47862213398994,\n 40.56431461436682\n ],\n [\n -122.47862213398994,\n 40.6731703155468\n ],\n [\n -122.63689471598963,\n 40.6731703155468\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, John R. \"Jack\" 0000-0002-0270-6328","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0270-6328","contributorId":359808,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"John R. \"Jack\"","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon A. 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":147159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"East, Amy E. 0000-0002-9567-9460 aeast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9567-9460","contributorId":219600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"East","given":"Amy","email":"aeast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bilderback, Eric Leland 0000-0002-2027-5699","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2027-5699","contributorId":349936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bilderback","given":"Eric Leland","affiliations":[{"id":78941,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - 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2026 - Large streamflow differences between forested and urbanized watersheds in the energy-limited eastern United States: The role of evapotranspiration and impervious surfaces","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-19T15:12:36.147521","indexId":"70273955","displayToPublicDate":"2026-02-03T09:07:45","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large streamflow differences between forested and urbanized watersheds in the energy-limited eastern United States: The role of evapotranspiration and impervious surfaces","docAbstract":"Urban forests and other green infrastructures have been viewed as part of the “Nature-based Solutions” (NbS) to mitigate emerging urban environmental change. This study focuses on the role of evapotranspiration (ET) in regulating water balances of small watersheds in the eastern United States. We compared streamflow and ET patterns at daily, monthly and annual scales and linked these hydrological variables to the physical properties of 11 paired watersheds dominated by forests (FW) or urban (UW) land covers. The annual precipitation ranged from 1028 mm to 1683 mm and potential ET (PET) from 815 mm to 1450 mm. The mean annual flow/precipitation (Q/P) ratios were 0.26 ± 0.13 and 0.41 ± 0.1 for FW and UW, respectively. Overall, UW had lower annual ET (772 mm in UW vs. 947 mm in FW), but higher mean annual and (∼58% higher), monthly water yield (17%–186% higher), and peakflow rates (up to 100 times higher) than FW. The streamflow differences between FW and UW were most pronounced during the growing season and early winter (June-November). The mean Q/P ratios for 30 large hurricane events (2016–2021) were 0.12 ± 0.11 and 0.38 ± 0.23 for FW and UW, respectively. The flow rates in the dormant season (around December-May) in UW were similar or lower than FW. We developed conceptual models to explain the seasonal and storm event streamflow differences using background climate (PET), ET, and land surface characteristics. Urban NbS designs should factor in strategies that maximize ET while minimizing impervious surfaces enhancing watershed “sponge” and “pump” functions.
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In this study, we used shotgun metatranscriptomics to assess whether exposure to cotton (Gossypium spp.) production had a deleterious effect on the ileal virome of sedentary northern mockingbirds (Mimus polyglottos) sampled from two cotton-producing areas (16 birds in total) and one uncultivated area (7 birds) in Texas, USA. We recovered 43 viruses representing 13 virus families, which included two viruses that appear to be potential vertebrate pathogens. Individual sample richness varied from 25 to 33 viruses. Both virome richness (Adj. r2 = 0.247, F(2, 20) = 4.615, P = 0.022) and composition (r2 = 0.370, F(2, 20) = 5.883, P = 0.001) differed among three sampling regions. Cotton production was associated with the increase of virome richness (Adj. r2 = 0.283, df = 22, P = 0.005). Pesticide occurrence data collected using silicone bands at the three sites suggest that virome compositional changes are not only associated with total pesticide exposure but are also particularly sensitive to the pesticide combinations detected at each location.
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\"}}]}","volume":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drovetski, Sergei V. 0000-0002-1832-5597","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1832-5597","contributorId":229520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drovetski","given":"Sergei","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bourke, Brian P.","contributorId":335297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bourke","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":36606,"text":"Smithsonian Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hladik, Michelle L. 0000-0002-0891-2712","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0891-2712","contributorId":221229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hladik","given":"Michelle","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ferreira, Carolina F. 0000-0001-6303-5954","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6303-5954","contributorId":359793,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferreira","given":"Carolina","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":85922,"text":"Department of Ecology and Conservation Biology, 2258 TAMU, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ergunay, Koray","contributorId":335300,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ergunay","given":"Koray","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36606,"text":"Smithsonian Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Linton, Yvonne-Marie","contributorId":335301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Linton","given":"Yvonne-Marie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36606,"text":"Smithsonian Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":205652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana W.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35680,"text":"Illinois-Iowa-Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Voelker, Gary","contributorId":229521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Voelker","given":"Gary","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70274206,"text":"70274206 - 2026 - Earthquake catalog for the Fairbanks region of central Alaska, 2014–2024, based on waveform cross-correlation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-12T14:13:31.609824","indexId":"70274206","displayToPublicDate":"2026-02-02T09:08:50","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquake catalog for the Fairbanks region of central Alaska, 2014–2024, based on waveform cross-correlation","docAbstract":"The Fairbanks region of central Alaska is part of a broad zone of intraplate crustal deformation, situated north of the Denali fault and north of the ongoing collision and flat‐slab subduction of the Yakutat oceanic plateau. Seismicity in the Fairbanks region occurs both in diffuse areas as well as in well‐defined lineaments, such as the left‐lateral Salcha fault, which hosted the 1937 M8 7.3 earthquake. Starting with the regional seismicity catalog, we perform waveform cross‐correlation, network‐matched filtering, and relative relocation to obtain an enhanced seismicity catalog over the time period 2014–2024. Based on the relocated catalog, we interpret a set of 15 fault segments, including two conjugate faults and two new faults east of the previously documented fault system. Considering the combined seismicity in the Minto and Fairbanks regions, the median depth of seismicity decreases from east (6 km) to west (20 km). Our interpreted faults provide guidance for future tectonic modeling and assessment of seismic hazards in this region.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220250342","usgsCitation":"Sims, N.E., Tape, C., Ruppert, N., and West, M.E., 2026, Earthquake catalog for the Fairbanks region of central Alaska, 2014–2024, based on waveform cross-correlation: Seismological Research Letters, v. 97, no. 2A, p. 877-896, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220250342.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"877","endPage":"896","ipdsId":"IP-184501","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501098,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220250342","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500986,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Fairbanks region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154,\n 66.5\n ],\n [\n -154,\n 63\n ],\n [\n -144,\n 63\n ],\n [\n -144,\n 66.5\n ],\n [\n -154,\n 66.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"97","issue":"2A","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sims, Nealey E.","contributorId":367184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sims","given":"Nealey","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tape, Carl","contributorId":219960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tape","given":"Carl","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40098,"text":"Geophysical Institute, 2156 Koyukuk Drive, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruppert, Natalia A. 0000-0003-0589-1159","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0589-1159","contributorId":351514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppert","given":"Natalia A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"West, Michael E.","contributorId":367185,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"West","given":"Michael","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70273826,"text":"70273826 - 2026 - Carbon sequestration along a gradient of tidal marsh degradation in response to sea level rise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-05T16:13:45.501272","indexId":"70273826","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-30T08:43:39","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1011,"text":"Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbon sequestration along a gradient of tidal marsh degradation in response to sea level rise","docAbstract":"Tidal marshes are considered one of the world's most efficient ecosystems for belowground organic carbon sequestration and hence climate mitigation. Marsh systems are however also vulnerable to degradation due to climate-induced sea level rise, whereby marsh vegetation conversion to open water often follows distinct spatial patterns: levees (i.e. marsh zones < 10 m from tidal creeks) show lower vulnerability of vegetation conversion to open water than basins (i.e. interior marsh zones > 30 m from creeks). Here, we use sediment cores to investigate spatial variations in organic carbon accumulation rates (OCAR) in a microtidal system (Blackwater marshes, Maryland, USA): (1) across a gradient of marsh zones with increasing marsh degradation, assessed as increasing ratio of unvegetated versus vegetated marsh area and (2) by comparing levees versus basins. We show that OCAR is up to four times higher on marsh levees than in adjacent basins. The data suggest that this is caused by spatial variation in three processes: sediment accretion rate, vegetation productivity, and sediment compaction, which are all higher on levees. Additionally, OCAR was observed to increase with increasing degree of marsh degradation in response to sea level rise. We hypothesize this may be due to more soil waterlogging in more degraded marsh zones, which may decrease carbon decomposition. Our results highlight that tidal marsh levees, in a microtidal system, are among the fastest soil organic carbon sequestration systems on Earth, and that both levees and basins sustain their carbon accumulation rate along gradients of increasing marsh degradation in response to sea level rise.
","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/bg-23-851-2026","usgsCitation":"Huyzentruyt, M., Wens, M., Fivash, G.S., Walters, D., Bouillon, S., Carr, J., Guntenspergen, G., Kirwan, M.L., and Temmerman, S., 2026, Carbon sequestration along a gradient of tidal marsh degradation in response to sea level rise: Biogeosciences, v. 23, no. 2, p. 851-865, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-851-2026.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"851","endPage":"865","ipdsId":"IP-179289","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499932,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-851-2026","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499586,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Blackwater marshes, Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.18285542290785,\n 38.414369990989655\n ],\n [\n -76.18285542290785,\n 38.19133724500452\n ],\n [\n -75.92909587593012,\n 38.19133724500452\n ],\n [\n -75.92909587593012,\n 38.414369990989655\n ],\n [\n -76.18285542290785,\n 38.414369990989655\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huyzentruyt, Mona","contributorId":365696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huyzentruyt","given":"Mona","affiliations":[{"id":64273,"text":"University of Antwerp","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wens, Maarten","contributorId":365981,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wens","given":"Maarten","affiliations":[{"id":64273,"text":"University of Antwerp","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fivash, Gregory S.","contributorId":365982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fivash","given":"Gregory","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":64273,"text":"University of Antwerp","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Walters, David 0000-0002-5836-681X waltersd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5836-681X","contributorId":270366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"David","email":"waltersd@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bouillon, Steven","contributorId":332316,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bouillon","given":"Steven","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49038,"text":"KU Leuven","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Carr, Joel 0000-0002-9164-4156 jcarr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9164-4156","contributorId":220098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"Joel","email":"jcarr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Guntenspergen, Glenn 0000-0002-8593-0244 glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0244","contributorId":220096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kirwan, Matt L.","contributorId":189205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirwan","given":"Matt","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":955108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Temmerman, Stijn","contributorId":189204,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Temmerman","given":"Stijn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":955109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70274170,"text":"70274170 - 2026 - Magmatic source of the opening phase of Kīlauea’s 2018 Lower East Rift Zone eruption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-03T14:59:15.842923","indexId":"70274170","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-29T07:53:14","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2420,"text":"Journal of Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magmatic source of the opening phase of Kīlauea’s 2018 Lower East Rift Zone eruption","docAbstract":"The 2018 eruption of Kīlauea volcano in its Lower East Rift Zone began with the discharge of evolved high-Ti basalt as weak lava fountains and short, slow-moving lava flows. The lavas were quickly geochemically recognized as being derived from magmas stored within the rift zone and remobilized by a new intrusion, a sequence that is common at Kīlauea. This initial phase of the 2018 eruption, referred to as phase 1a, lasted for 6 days and was followed by extrusion of mixed magma after a 3-day pause. Even though remobilization of older rift zone magmas is common within Kīlauea’s rift zones, it is difficult to determine which past intrusion(s) may have initially emplaced those stored magmas. This difficulty stems from the tendency for Kīlauea magmas to follow very similar differentiation paths without significant variations in major, minor, or even trace element chemistry. We investigate possible magma sources for the lavas erupted during phase 1a of the 2018 eruption using whole-rock, mineral, and glass major and trace element compositions from historical East Rift Zone eruptions with adjacent fissures. We consider two primary hypotheses for the phase 1a source: magmas associated with the 1955 Lower East Rift Zone eruption or the nine eruptions in the Middle and Upper East Rift Zone during the 1960s. Our results suggest that magma associated with the earliest phases of Kīlauea’s 1955 eruption was the most likely source of the 2018 phase 1a remobilized magma. We determine volatile saturation pressures from melt inclusion chemistry and find similar storage depths for the 2018 phase 1a and early 1955 magmas. The phase 1a and early 1955 lavas are nearly indistinguishable in all of the compositional criteria considered, implying that the leftover 1955 magma body barely cooled and differentiated in the 63 years between eruptions (cooling rates of ~0.1 °C/year). This study sheds light on the potential for protracted storage of eruptible magmas in rift zones at Kīlauea, and highlights some of the challenges and solutions to identifying genetic relationships between magmas at Kīlauea.
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Large-volume effusive tholeiitic eruptions at 2–1.5 mega-annum (Ma) transitioned to more numerous, smaller volume alkali olivine basalt (AOB) events at 1.5–1.0 Ma, with increasing abundances of evolved alkalic rocks (EARs), and a final 1.0–0.3 Ma period dominated by smaller volume, more explosive alkalic eruptions.
Early large-scale melting in a relatively enriched lithospheric mantle (EM) source generated large-volume effusive tholeiitic magmas. Depths of tholeiite magma generation average about 90 kilometers (km) across the field, but depths for individual units decreased southward, consistent with lithospheric thinning toward the Colorado Plateau margin. Early and middle-stage transitional basalts, alkali olivine basalts (AOBs), and basanites originate from a progressively deeper (>100 km) region in a prevalent mantle (PREMA)-like asthenospheric source produced by increasingly smaller degrees of melting, as low as about 2 percent. The chemical signature of the basanites is consistent with small degrees of melting in a carbonated, asthenospheric source to depths of about 140 km. As heat waned, the last phase of volcanism was dominated by more explosive EARs derived at shallower lithospheric pressures but that have isotopic and trace element similarities to the deeper asthenospheric magmas. This suggests mixing between deeper basanitic and shallower tholeiitic magmas. With waning heat, eruptions became more localized along alignments, likely related to boundaries between blocks of Proterozoic crust with differing properties that affected magma ascent.
The petrogenetic patterns are consistent with a variety of processes. Basin and Range Province extension, melting, and heat-induced weakening progressively eroded the Colorado Plateau’s thicker lithosphere, giving rise to relatively high degrees of partial melting from shallower (<90 km) sources that produced the early large volumes of effusive tholeiitic magma. Possible lithosphere delamination and removal, and a resulting steep boundary step with the asthenosphere, may have given rise to mantle edge convection, resulting in the mixing of basanitic and tholeiitic magmas. With plate motion, shear-driven upwelling likely gave an eastward component to convection, affecting relative amounts of melting at the field’s western boundary and corresponding with volcanism moving eastward during times of peak vent production by eruption of alkalic lavas, giving rise to more explosive and lower volume eruptions.
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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Volcano Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1300 SE Cardinal Court Bldg. 10
Vancouver, WA 98683
Washington D.C. faces one of the highest 100-year flood risks of any major city along the U.S. East Coast. In addition to storm-surge inundation during hurricanes and nor'easters, water-level observations for Washington are strongly skewed by major floods on the Potomac River. Using geologic and historic records we find new evidence for ice-jam flooding at Georgetown during the Little Ice Age, as recently as 1784, that was up to ∼2x the magnitude of the largest events of the past hundred years (1936, 1942). Over the 19th century (a) human modifications to the Potomac estuary as well as (b) increasingly heavy rainfall and (c) land-clearance in the watershed may have contributed to increasingly frequent large floods at Washington. Early surveys of the U.S. Capitol Building and other local landmarks also suggest sea level on the Potomac estuary at Washington has risen by upwards of 0.7 m (2.2 ft) since the 1790s.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025GL118329","usgsCitation":"Toomey, M., Cronin, T.M., Rodysill, J.R., Seidenstein, J.L., and Willard, D., 2026, Extreme Potomac floods at Washington D.C. during the past 500 years: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 53, no. 2, e2025GL118329, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL118329.","productDescription":"e2025GL118329, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-171642","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502073,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gl118329","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501861,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","city":"WAshington D.C.","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.12661486872723,\n 38.949829500116806\n ],\n [\n -77.12661486872723,\n 38.764446761388854\n ],\n [\n -76.97381536652976,\n 38.764446761388854\n ],\n [\n -76.97381536652976,\n 38.949829500116806\n ],\n [\n -77.12661486872723,\n 38.949829500116806\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"53","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Toomey, Michael 0000-0003-0167-9273 mtoomey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0167-9273","contributorId":184097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toomey","given":"Michael","email":"mtoomey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cronin, Thomas M. 0000-0002-2643-0979 tcronin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":2579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"Thomas","email":"tcronin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rodysill, Jessica R. 0000-0002-3602-7227 jrodysill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3602-7227","contributorId":207577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodysill","given":"Jessica","email":"jrodysill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Seidenstein, Julia Lynn 0000-0002-0585-1977","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0585-1977","contributorId":290625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seidenstein","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"Lynn","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Willard, Debra A. 0000-0003-4878-0942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":269840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"Debra A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":958153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70273273,"text":"sim3542 - 2026 - Bedrock geologic map of the Eagle Lake quadrangle, Essex County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T17:09:44.672869","indexId":"sim3542","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-21T19:43:00","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3542","displayTitle":"Bedrock Geologic Map of the Eagle Lake Quadrangle, Essex County, New York","title":"Bedrock geologic map of the Eagle Lake quadrangle, Essex County, New York","docAbstract":"The bedrock geology of the 7.5-minute Eagle Lake quadrangle, Essex County, New York, consists of deformed and metamorphosed Mesoproterozoic gneisses of the Adirondack Highlands unconformably overlain by weakly deformed lower Paleozoic sedimentary rocks of the Champlain Valley. The Mesoproterozoic rocks occur on the eastern edge of the Adirondack Highlands and represent an extension of the Grenville Province of Laurentia. Granulite facies Mesoproterozoic paragneiss, marble, and amphibolite hosted the emplacement of an anorthosite-mangerite-charnockite-granite (AMCG) suite, now exposed mostly as orthogneiss, at approximately 1.18–1.15 giga-annum (Ga, billion years before present). The earliest of four phases of deformation (D1) predated AMCG magmatism and is characterized by gneissosity, rarely preserved F1 isoclinal folds, and migmatite in the paragneiss host rocks. A sample of hornblende quartz syenite from the AMCG suite, collected from an abandoned railroad cut on Old Furnace Road, yielded a U-Pb zircon age of 1,149±10 million years before present. D2 deformation produced a composite penetrative gneissosity, migmatite, and isoclinal F2 folds. Towards the end of D2, felsic magmatism (including the regionally extensive Lyon Mountain Granite Gneiss, abbreviated “LMG”) spread by penetrative migration as semiconcordant alkali feldspar granite sheets subparallel to S2 into the previously deformed lithologies. The LMG crystallized at approximately 1.15 to 1.14 Ga and displays synkinematic F2 folds thus constraining the time of D2 deformation. Exhumation of the Marcy anorthosite began during D3 along a mylonitic extensional detachment, as a type of core complex. Protracted D3 produced F3 folds exhibited in regional domes and basins, such as the Hammondville antiform, reactivation of the S2 foliation, partial melting, metamorphism, metasomatism, iron ore remobilization, and intrusion of magnetite-bearing pegmatite both as layer-parallel sills and crosscutting dikes. D4 created NE- and NW-trending boudinage, local high-grade ductile shear zones, and crosscutting granitic pegmatite dikes. Kilometer (km)-scale lineaments readily observed in lidar data are Ediacaran mafic dikes and Phanerozoic brittle faults. Lower Paleozoic rocks are part of the Early Cambrian to Late Ordovician great American carbonate bank on the ancient margin of Laurentia. The Potsdam Sandstone preserves the Cambrian stratigraphy in outliers above the Great Unconformity. The Paleozoic rocks are weakly folded and block faulted. Parts of the quadrangle are covered by undifferentiated glacial deposits, but much of the quadrangle contains only a variably thick, veneer of unmapped glacial till over significant areas of exposed bedrock. The map also shows waste rock piles and locations of historical mining operations. This study was undertaken to improve our understanding of the bedrock geology in the Adirondack Highlands, establish a modern framework for 1:24,000-scale bedrock geologic mapping in the Adirondack Mountains, and provide a modern context for historical mines. This Scientific Investigations Map of the Eagle Lake 7.5-minute quadrangle consists of a map sheet, an explanatory pamphlet, and a geographic information system database that includes bedrock geologic units, faults, outcrops, and structural geologic information. The map sheet includes a bedrock geologic map, a correlation of map units, a description of map units, an explanation of map symbols, and two cross sections. The explanatory pamphlet includes a discussion of the geology.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3542","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of New York, Department of Education, New York Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Walsh, G.J., Regan, S.P., Geer, P.S., Merschat, A.J., Suarez, K.A., McAleer, R.J., Walton, M.S., Jr., and Crider, E.A., Jr., 2026, Bedrock geologic map of the Eagle Lake quadrangle, Essex County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3542, 1 sheet, scale 1:24,000, 57-p. pamphlet, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3542.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: ix, 57 p.; 1 Sheet: 63.43 x 35.22 inches; Data Release","numberOfPages":"57","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-151166","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498080,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3542/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":498081,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3542/sim3542_pamphlet.pdf","size":"10.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3542 Pamphlet"},{"id":498752,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3542/sim3542_pamphlet.XML","description":"SIM 3542 XML"},{"id":498753,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9D6XYEL","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Database for the bedrock geologic map of the Eagle Lake quadrangle, Essex County, New York"},{"id":498867,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_119158.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":498751,"rank":3,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3542/sim3542_sheet.pdf","size":"56.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3542 Sheet"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Eagle Lake quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.625,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -73.625,\n 43.875\n ],\n [\n -73.5,\n 43.875\n ],\n [\n -73.5,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -73.625,\n 44\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Florence Bascom Geoscience Center
U.S. Geological Survey
926A National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
The U.S. Geological Survey mapped the bedrock geology of the 7.5-minute Eagle Lake quadrangle, Essex County, New York, to establish a framework for 1:24,000-scale detailed bedrock geologic mapping in the Adirondack Mountains, and provide a modern context for historical iron, graphite, and feldspar mines that operated in the 1800s. The report includes the most detailed 1:24,000-scale bedrock geologic map ever published in the Adirondack Mountains. The region is underlain by highly complex Precambrian igneous and metamorphic rocks that range in age from about 1.2 to 1.0 billion years old. The high quality of the naturally occurring mineral magnetite extracted from local iron mines led to the first use of an electric motor in Ironville, proclaimed to be the birthplace of the electric age. Abandoned iron and pegmatite mines locally contain elevated abundances of rare earth elements; some of the deposits have elevated natural radioactivity above background concentrations.
","publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walsh, Gregory J. 0000-0003-4264-8836","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4264-8836","contributorId":355444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Gregory J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Regan, Sean P. 0000-0002-8445-5138","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8445-5138","contributorId":360816,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regan","given":"Sean","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":7211,"text":"University of Alaska, Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Geer, Phillip S.","contributorId":364641,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Geer","given":"Phillip","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":83490,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Mass.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Merschat, Arthur J. 0000-0002-9314-4067 amerschat@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9314-4067","contributorId":4556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merschat","given":"Arthur","email":"amerschat@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Suarez, Kaitlyn A. 0000-0003-4133-3074","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4133-3074","contributorId":224240,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Suarez","given":"Kaitlyn","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":33634,"text":"University of Massachusetts at Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McAleer, Ryan J. 0000-0003-3801-7441 rmcaleer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3801-7441","contributorId":215498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAleer","given":"Ryan","email":"rmcaleer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Walton,, Matt S. Jr.","contributorId":364642,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walton,","given":"Matt","suffix":"Jr.","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":29853,"text":"Yale University, New Haven, Conn.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Crider,, E. Allen Jr. 0000-0003-2393-5290 ecrider@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2393-5290","contributorId":203507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crider,","given":"E. Allen","suffix":"Jr.","email":"ecrider@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70274601,"text":"70274601 - 2026 - Revisiting the geochronology of late Quaternary marine terraces and uplift rates in coastal Santa Barbara County, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-01T21:13:19.203403","indexId":"70274601","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-20T14:07:11","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Revisiting the geochronology of late Quaternary marine terraces and uplift rates in coastal Santa Barbara County, California, USA","docAbstract":"In several early studies, central California marine terraces between Santa Barbara and Point Conception were interpreted to record sea-level high stands of the last interglacial complex, ∼80 ka to ∼120 ka (marine isotope stage [MIS] 5). These ages and their elevations (∼20 m to ∼45 m) indicate modest rates of tectonic uplift, similar to those from other localities in southern and central California. A recent study, using a combination of luminescence and radiocarbon dating, has challenged the older age interpretations, implying much younger terrace ages, between ∼40 ka and ∼55 ka (MIS 3). From these new ages and a considerably lower sea level during MIS 3, much higher rates of tectonic uplift are inferred. In the present study, new uranium-series ages of terrace corals and amino acid age estimates of terrace mollusks were determined to test these competing interpretations. With the exception of a low-elevation terrace in Isla Vista (near Santa Barbara) that dates to MIS 3, terraces farther west are interpreted to date to MIS 5 and imply tectonic uplift rates of 0.20–0.34 m/kyr. A compilation of data for the region yields a decreasing rate of late Quaternary uplift from east, near Ventura, to west, near Point Conception. This trend is interpreted to reflect a decreasing influence of the processes of compression and crustal shortening south of the Big Bend in the San Andreas fault.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2026.110179","usgsCitation":"Muhs, D., Schumann, R.R., Bright, J., Roberts, H.M., and Groves, L.T., 2026, Revisiting the geochronology of late Quaternary marine terraces and uplift rates in coastal Santa Barbara County, California, USA: Geomorphology, v. 501, 110179, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2026.110179.","productDescription":"110179, 29 p.","ipdsId":"IP-175111","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501968,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Santa Barbara County","otherGeospatial":"coastal Santa Barbara County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.71849255644787,\n 34.941506886063436\n ],\n [\n -120.71849255644787,\n 34.36620309495811\n ],\n [\n -119.29011089848893,\n 34.36620309495811\n ],\n [\n -119.29011089848893,\n 34.941506886063436\n ],\n [\n -120.71849255644787,\n 34.941506886063436\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"501","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. 0000-0001-7449-251X dmuhs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":168575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel R.","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schumann, R. Randall 0000-0001-8158-6960 rschumann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8158-6960","contributorId":1569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schumann","given":"R.","email":"rschumann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Randall","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bright, Jordon","contributorId":63981,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bright","given":"Jordon","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roberts, Helen M.","contributorId":369119,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roberts","given":"Helen","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16758,"text":"Aberystwyth University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Groves, Lindsey T. 0000-0002-2097-2689","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2097-2689","contributorId":365815,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Groves","given":"Lindsey","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12725,"text":"Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70273759,"text":"70273759 - 2026 - Recent range expansion and documentation of a reproductive population of northern snakehead Channa argus (Cantor, 1842) in the Saint Francis River Drainage, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-16T14:12:37.829607","indexId":"70273759","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-19T09:05:59","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":23282,"text":"Records of Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Recent range expansion and documentation of a reproductive population of northern snakehead Channa argus (Cantor, 1842) in the Saint Francis River Drainage, Missouri","title":"Recent range expansion and documentation of a reproductive population of northern snakehead Channa argus (Cantor, 1842) in the Saint Francis River Drainage, Missouri","docAbstract":"Northern snakehead Channa argus (Cantor, 1842) is an aquatic invasive fish species in the United States with first documented occurrence in the wild in the 2000s. Management efforts to control their populations in the eastern United States are ongoing. In the Mississippi River basin, limited resources have been allocated to control its distribution, after initial detection and rapid response in Arkansas were unsuccessful. Northern snakehead distribution in the Mississippi River basin was limited to Arkansas and Mississippi until 2019 when a single northern snakehead was detected on the southern border of Missouri in the Saint Francis River drainage, the furthest northern detection. Described here are additional northern snakehead detections following public reports and subsequent monitoring in the Mingo basin of the Saint Francis River drainage, a historical braided channel and floodplain habitat of the Mississippi River with intermittently flooded bottomland hardwood forests and wetlands, and other consistent aquatic habitats. These increasing captures document the recent range expansion of northern snakehead. Most of the 11,300 ha Mingo basin consists of Mingo National Wildlife Refuge and Duck Creek Conservation Area; these areas are protected aquatic ecosystems possessing sensitive species and serve as a potential example of prioritized areas for northern snakehead control efforts. Additionally, we highlight the significance of these detections in the Mingo basin which is connected via the Castor River water-control structure to the Upper Mississippi River and may facilitate further range expansion.
","language":"English","publisher":"Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre - REABIC","doi":"10.3391/bir.2026.15.1.17","usgsCitation":"Sterling, E.M., Bookout, T.A., Holmes, E., Baalman, N., Henderson, C., and Kroboth, P., 2026, Recent range expansion and documentation of a reproductive population of northern snakehead Channa argus (Cantor, 1842) in the Saint Francis River Drainage, Missouri: Records of Biological Invasions, v. 15, no. 1, p. 183-194, https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2026.15.1.17.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"194","ipdsId":"IP-178255","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501362,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2026.15.1.17","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501172,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Saint Francis River drainage","volume":"15","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sterling, Edward M.","contributorId":365674,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sterling","given":"Edward","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bookout, Taylor A.","contributorId":336867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bookout","given":"Taylor","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":80890,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey (INHS)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holmes, Erin","contributorId":222739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holmes","given":"Erin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baalman, Neil","contributorId":365675,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baalman","given":"Neil","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Henderson, Cody","contributorId":344002,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henderson","given":"Cody","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kroboth, Patrick 0000-0002-9447-4818","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-4818","contributorId":216578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kroboth","given":"Patrick","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70274087,"text":"70274087 - 2026 - Ground-motion simulations for the 2024 Mw 4.8 Tewksbury, New Jersey, earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-25T14:24:47.080909","indexId":"70274087","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-15T08:01:06","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Ground-motion simulations for the 2024 Mw 4.8 Tewksbury, New Jersey, earthquake","title":"Ground-motion simulations for the 2024 Mw 4.8 Tewksbury, New Jersey, earthquake","docAbstract":"Ground-motion simulations of notable earthquakes in the central and eastern United States are limited and typically assume one-dimensional (1D) Earth structure. In this study, we use a three-dimensional (3D) seismic velocity model to better constrain the depth and focal mechanism of the April 5th, 2024, moment magnitude 4.8 Tewksbury earthquake and investigate the spatial variability of earthquake ground motions and the effects of nearby sedimentary basins. We perform earthquake ground-motion simulations up to 0.5 Hz using the 3D spectral-element wave-propagation solver SPECFEM3D over a region 280-km wide by 260-km long by 77-km deep. Topography and subsurface geophysical structure are assigned using the U.S. Geological Survey National Crustal Model with a minimum shear-wave velocity of 200 m/s. We use earthquake time series from 13 broadband seismic stations in the region that have a uniform azimuthal distribution and epicentral distances ranging from 76 to 131 km to compare with synthetics and explore the effects of 1D versus 3D seismic structure on focal mechanism and depth solutions. Ground-motion intensity metrics are also presented relative to the NGA-East ground-motion models (GMMs) currently used in seismic hazard assessments for the region. We find that the 3D model, which reveals a wide spatial variability of period-dependent ground motions, yields better predictions of earthquake ground motions relative to the 1D model and the NGA-East ergodic ground-motion model, with 76 percent reduction of residual variance in observed ground motions averaged over 3-, 5-, 7-, and 10-second periods. Use of the 3D model to solve for a focal mechanism yields a shallower focal depth at 4 km and a shallower east-dipping focal plane relative to the U.S. Geological Survey regional moment tensor and Global Centroid Moment Tensor. Our study demonstrates that use of 3D seismic velocity models can improve estimates of earthquake focal mechanisms, ground motions, and seismic hazard.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220250333","usgsCitation":"Boyd, O.S., Bozdağ, E., Kehoe, H.L., Moschetti, M.P., 2026, Ground-motion simulations for the 2024 Mw 4.8 Tewksbury, New Jersey, earthquake: Seismological Research Letters, v. 97, no. 2A, p. 755-766, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220250333.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"755","endPage":"766","ipdsId":"IP-184176","costCenters":[{"id":78686,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Seismology / Geomagnetism","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500604,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220250333","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500477,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.13460496006654,\n 41.13685910148769\n ],\n [\n -75.13460496006654,\n 40.31012949967425\n ],\n [\n -74.00929946762524,\n 40.31012949967425\n ],\n [\n -74.00929946762524,\n 41.13685910148769\n ],\n [\n -75.13460496006654,\n 41.13685910148769\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"97","issue":"2A","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boyd, Oliver S. 0000-0001-9457-0407 olboyd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9457-0407","contributorId":140739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyd","given":"Oliver","email":"olboyd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bozdağ, Ebru","contributorId":365873,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bozdağ","given":"Ebru","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kehoe, Haiyang Liam 0000-0002-5818-6077","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5818-6077","contributorId":362101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kehoe","given":"Haiyang","middleInitial":"Liam","affiliations":[{"id":78686,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Seismology / Geomagnetism","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moschetti, Morgan P. 0000-0001-7261-0295 mmoschetti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7261-0295","contributorId":1662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moschetti","given":"Morgan","email":"mmoschetti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70273354,"text":"70273354 - 2026 - Magnitude conversion relations create substantial differences in seismic hazard models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-27T16:34:39.27192","indexId":"70273354","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-06T09:53:54","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magnitude conversion relations create substantial differences in seismic hazard models","docAbstract":"Earthquake catalogs are essential data inputs for seismic hazard modeling. Because earthquake magnitudes are reported in a variety of types (e.g., local magnitudes and moment magnitudes), magnitude conversion relationships must be used to convert the different magnitude types present in a catalog to a uniform magnitude type to avoid biases in the hazard computation. However, these conversion relationships are often uncertain and have been shown to sometimes perform poorly. Here, we investigate the sensitivity of the gridded seismicity component of the National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) to the catalog conversion equations in the Eastern United States. In the 2023 NSHM, magnitudes of various types were converted to moment magnitudes using equations developed by the Central and Eastern United States Seismic Source Characterization for Nuclear Facilities (CEUS‐SSCn), based on least‐squares (LS) regressions made using data from a catalog containing events up through 2008. We recompute these equations using events in the Advanced National Seismic System Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog with multiple magnitudes from 2000 to 2023. Although we prefer the use of orthogonal regressions for our datasets, LS regressions produce broadly similar results, with both approaches exhibiting large deviations from the CEUS‐SSCn conversions, especially at smaller magnitudes. We compare the spatial distribution of annual rates using three different models: (1) the 2023 NSHM conversions, (2) our updated conversions, and (3) no conversions. We find that the choice of conversions leads to substantial differences in the rate forecasts, which can greatly impact the seismic hazard model, particularly in regions with low‐seismicity rates such as the Eastern United States, where the hazard is dominated by gridded seismicity rather than a fault model.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220250231","usgsCitation":"Llenos, A.L., Shelly, D.R., and Shumway, A., 2026, Magnitude conversion relations create substantial differences in seismic hazard models: Seismological Research Letters, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220250231.","ipdsId":"IP-179044","costCenters":[{"id":78686,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Seismology / Geomagnetism","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500652,"rank":3,"type":{"id":12,"text":"Errata"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220260025","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":498508,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":498688,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220250231","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"country":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100,\n 50\n ],\n [\n -100,\n 25\n ],\n [\n -65,\n 25\n ],\n [\n -65,\n 50\n ],\n [\n -100,\n 50\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Llenos, Andrea L. 0000-0002-4088-6737 allenos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4088-6737","contributorId":4455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Llenos","given":"Andrea","email":"allenos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shelly, David R. 0000-0003-2783-5158 dshelly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2783-5158","contributorId":206750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelly","given":"David","email":"dshelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shumway, Allison 0000-0003-1142-7141 ashumway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1142-7141","contributorId":147862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shumway","given":"Allison","email":"ashumway@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70273459,"text":"70273459 - 2026 - Tectonic implications of transitional melting regimes from petrological, geochronological, and compositional characterization of the ophiolitic Seventymile terrane, Alaska, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-06T15:43:42.592143","indexId":"70273459","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-06T08:06:52","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tectonic implications of transitional melting regimes from petrological, geochronological, and compositional characterization of the ophiolitic Seventymile terrane, Alaska, USA","docAbstract":"New geochemical, U-Pb geochronology, and Sr-Nd-Hf isotope data provide evidence for the tectonic evolution of the Seventymile terrane in interior Alaska, USA. Ultramafic and mafic rocks of the Seventymile terrane are thought to represent components of a dismembered ophiolite and provide unique constraints on regional terrane evolution and accretion. The Seventymile ophiolite represents fragments of the Devonian to Permian Slide Mountain Ocean (SMO) that separated allochthonous and parautochthonous continental fragments of western North America. It now occurs as multiple thrust sheets containing Permian mafic and ultramafic rocks overlying and/or possibly imbricated with amphibolite-facies supracrustal rocks of allochthonous Yukon-Tanana terrane and parautochthonous North America. Seventymile klippen contain variably serpentinized peridotite, primarily harzburgite, low-grade meta-mafic rocks, and minor oceanic sedimentary rocks (argillite, chert, limestone, and metasandstone). Mafic rocks include gabbro to diabase, typically as dikes, veinlets, or rare massive stocks intruding peridotite. Mafic rocks also include greenstones of the Seventymile assemblage in klippen structurally underlying, and in shear zone contact with, ultramafic klippen.
New trace element and radiogenic isotope data from mafic magmatic rocks associated with the Seventymile ultramafic bodies show evidence for a weakly subduction-modified mantle source, like the mantle source of normal mid-ocean-ridge basalt (N-MORB) or back-arc basin basalt (BABB). Seventymile assemblage greenstones are more heterogeneous. They range from N-MORB to enriched mid-ocean-ridge basalt (E-MORB) and ocean-island basalt (OIB), with a subset of samples indicative of continental arc affinity. These geochemistry results indicate that distinct tectonic environments are represented by at least two, and possibly three, lithological and structural units comprising the Seventymile terrane. Hf-Nd isotope systematics are consistent with a depleted MORB mantle (DMM)−like component that overlaps with Pacific MORB. Primary zircon is rare, but new in situ U-Pb data for gabbro and greenstone indicate ca. 274−272 Ma peak zircon and titanite crystallization. Scattered younger zircons define a ca. 255 Ma zircon peak and correspond to secondary crystallization associated with baddeleyite reaction of high-Si fluids during low-grade metamorphism. If Seventymile suites are contemporaneous, obduction associated with the closure of the SMO resulted in the stacking of ophiolitic packages representing distinct tectonomagmatic settings across the transition from pericontinental, to epicontinental, to distal ocean back-arc. Intrusions hosted in klippe of ultramafic rocks, plus the least subduction-modified greenstones underlying them, geologically and compositionally resemble Slide Mountain rocks of the Campbell Range formation in eastern Yukon and may provide a new piercing point across the Tintina fault.
","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.1130/GES02837.1","usgsCitation":"Todd, E., Caine, J., Bizimis, M., Kylander-Clark, A.R., Hammond, R.R., and Wypych, A., 2026, Tectonic implications of transitional melting regimes from petrological, geochronological, and compositional characterization of the ophiolitic Seventymile terrane, Alaska, USA: Geosphere, v. 22, no. 2, p. 296-339, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02837.1.","productDescription":"44 p.","startPage":"296","endPage":"339","ipdsId":"IP-170876","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498608,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":498699,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges02837.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, British Columbia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -151.54814578278632,\n 64.49262655255515\n ],\n [\n -151.54814578278632,\n 59.59805672240421\n ],\n [\n -133.60437046462778,\n 59.59805672240421\n ],\n [\n -133.60437046462778,\n 64.49262655255515\n ],\n [\n -151.54814578278632,\n 64.49262655255515\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Todd, Erin 0000-0002-4871-9730 etodd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4871-9730","contributorId":202811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"Erin","email":"etodd@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caine, Jonathan Saul 0000-0002-7269-6989 jscaine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-6989","contributorId":199295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caine","given":"Jonathan Saul","email":"jscaine@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":953783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bizimis, Michael","contributorId":192879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bizimis","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":953784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kylander-Clark, Andrew R.C. 0000-0002-4034-644X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4034-644X","contributorId":302380,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kylander-Clark","given":"Andrew","middleInitial":"R.C.","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hammond, Robert Reece","contributorId":365154,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hammond","given":"Robert","middleInitial":"Reece","affiliations":[{"id":37804,"text":"University of South Carolina","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wypych, Alicja","contributorId":216040,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wypych","given":"Alicja","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39354,"text":"State of Alaska Department of Natural Resources DGGS Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70273434,"text":"70273434 - 2026 - Distinguishing natural from mining-related metal sources by including streambank groundwater data in a stream mass loading study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-22T16:48:36.836817","indexId":"70273434","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-05T09:12:17","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distinguishing natural from mining-related metal sources by including streambank groundwater data in a stream mass loading study","docAbstract":"Distinguishing stream metal loading caused by mine features from that caused by natural background sources remains challenging, yet this distinction is essential for making effective remedial decisions at many legacy mine sites. We combine a stream tracer injection and synoptic sampling study with data from shallow near-stream groundwater wells to estimate left-bank versus right-bank metal loading contributions at the 100-m spatial scale. The study was performed in the East Mancos River, a mountain headwater stream in Colorado, USA. The dominant source of elevated stream metal concentrations could be either groundwater infiltration through right-bank Doyle Mine waste piles or natural acid rock drainage from hydrothermally altered bedrock located mainly on the left bank. For the five metals of concern (Cu, Al, Zn, Cd, and Mn), we find that 15 % of the load contributed by diffuse groundwater inputs in the section potentially influenced by Doyle mine waste originates from the right bank. This right-bank potential mine contribution equates to only 3 % of the total watershed instream load for these metals. Furthermore, apparent 3H/3He groundwater ages in segments contributing most of the right-bank metal loading are sufficiently old (9–12 yr) to suggest that infiltration through the waste piles, located only 140–180 m from the stream, is unlikely. Estimated potential Doyle mine loading contributions can therefore be considered maximum values. Study results thus indicate that Doyle mine waste piles are a minor source of metal loading under low-flow conditions, and streambank groundwater data can provide valuable additional information in stream mass loading studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2026.104841","usgsCitation":"Manning, A.H., Runkel, R.L., Morrison, J.M., Warix, S., Wanty, R.B., Walton-Day, K., and Snook, M., 2026, Distinguishing natural from mining-related metal sources by including streambank groundwater data in a stream mass loading study: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 277, 104841, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2026.104841.","productDescription":"104841, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-180763","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498582,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"East Mancos River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.095,\n 37.42811837014183\n ],\n [\n -108.11,\n 37.42811837014183\n ],\n [\n -108.11,\n 37.41818534993749\n ],\n [\n -108.095,\n 37.41818534993749\n ],\n [\n -108.095,\n 37.42811837014183\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"277","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manning, Andrew H. 0000-0002-6404-1237 amanning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6404-1237","contributorId":1305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manning","given":"Andrew","email":"amanning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Runkel, Robert L. 0000-0003-3220-481X runkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-481X","contributorId":685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Robert","email":"runkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morrison, Jean M. 0000-0002-6614-8783 jmorrison@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6614-8783","contributorId":994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"Jean","email":"jmorrison@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Warix, Sara","contributorId":355736,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Warix","given":"Sara","affiliations":[{"id":13252,"text":"University of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wanty, Richard B.","contributorId":365089,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wanty","given":"Richard","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Walton-Day, Katherine 0000-0002-9146-6193","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-6193","contributorId":336569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walton-Day","given":"Katherine","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Snook, Michael 0009-0005-5660-086X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5660-086X","contributorId":360715,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snook","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":27526,"text":"Georgia Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70273485,"text":"70273485 - 2026 - Assessment of the fish tumors or other deformities beneficial use impairment and associated risks at two Lake Michigan Areas of Concern","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-22T16:51:02.63227","indexId":"70273485","displayToPublicDate":"2026-01-03T08:02:15","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of the fish tumors or other deformities beneficial use impairment and associated risks at two Lake Michigan Areas of Concern","docAbstract":"The U.S. Great Lakes Areas of Concern (AOCs) have been designated due to significant environmental degradation, with multiple Beneficial Use Impairments (BUIs) requiring remediation before delisting. The “fish tumors or other deformities” BUI remains at the Sheboygan River and the Lower Green Bay and Fox River AOCs, necessitating evaluation in white sucker (Catostomus commersonii), a sentinel species. This study documented the prevalence of skin and liver neoplastic and preneoplastic lesions at these AOCs, assessed temporal trends at the Sheboygan River AOC from 2012 to 2021, and investigated potential risk factors influencing liver neoplasm development using histological and molecular approaches. Histopathological analyses revealed that skin neoplasms were present in 15.5% of fish from the Green Bay AOC and 21.5% from the Sheboygan River AOC, while liver neoplasms were detected in 7.0% and 6.0% of fish, respectively. At the Sheboygan River AOC, the prevalence of skin tumors declined from 32.6% in 2012 to 21.5% in 2021, and liver tumor prevalence decreased from 8.3% in 2012 to 6.0% in 2021. Hepatic transcript analyses identified significant expression of genes associated with contaminant exposure, oxidative stress, and immune response, suggesting ongoing exposure to environmental stressors. The presence of white sucker hepatitis B-like virus (WSHBV) in hepatocytes was confirmed, though no direct correlation between viral transcript abundance and neoplastic lesions was found. Findings indicate tumor prevalence has declined over time, however rates remain elevated compared to previous reference site assessments. The study underscores the potential multifactorial nature of carcinogenesis in wild fish populations, involving both chemical and biological stressors.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s10646-025-03001-8","usgsCitation":"Blazer, V., Smith, C., Walsh, H.L., Mazik, P., and Magee, M., 2026, Assessment of the fish tumors or other deformities beneficial use impairment and associated risks at two Lake Michigan Areas of Concern: Ecotoxicology, v. 35, 31, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-025-03001-8.","productDescription":"31","ipdsId":"IP-177768","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498772,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.29048734241736,\n 45.11996146491421\n ],\n [\n -87.87373230732034,\n 41.45038648750469\n ],\n [\n -86.17190426741607,\n 41.678839342101355\n ],\n [\n -85.87905188122703,\n 44.368052629083294\n ],\n [\n -85.02411482267256,\n 45.18278321034072\n ],\n [\n -84.71593367967397,\n 45.94920022855845\n ],\n [\n -84.84776212832931,\n 46.32432984913021\n ],\n [\n -87.07263583258985,\n 45.87812022709528\n ],\n [\n -88.29048734241736,\n 45.11996146491421\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"35","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blazer, Vicki S. 0000-0001-6647-9614","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":349694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"Vicki S.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Cheyenne Rose 0000-0002-7226-1774","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7226-1774","contributorId":303309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Cheyenne Rose","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walsh, Heather L. 0000-0001-6392-4604 hwalsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6392-4604","contributorId":4696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Heather","email":"hwalsh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mazik, P.M.","contributorId":365199,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mazik","given":"P.M.","affiliations":[{"id":12432,"text":"West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Magee, M.R.","contributorId":365200,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Magee","given":"M.R.","affiliations":[{"id":6913,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70273345,"text":"70273345 - 2026 - Capturing the uncertainty of seismicity observations in earthquake rate estimates: Implications for probabilistic seismic hazard analysis and the USGS National Seismic Hazard Model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-06T15:42:10.531652","indexId":"70273345","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-31T10:45:28","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Capturing the uncertainty of seismicity observations in earthquake rate estimates: Implications for probabilistic seismic hazard analysis and the USGS National Seismic Hazard Model","docAbstract":"The rate of earthquakes in a region is a fundamental input to Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis. We present a Monte Carlo method for computing that rate from seismicity catalogs while including a range of data and analysis uncertainties. This method is applied to regions for which the b value is assumed to be spatially invariant. Each region is broken down into epochs for which each epoch is estimated to have a uniform magnitude of completeness (Mc). The distribution of earthquake rates for M ≥ Mc is determined for each epoch by considering the Poisson likelihood of rates given the number of observed earthquakes with M ≥ Mc. We use a Monte Carlo process to include the uncertainty in b, Mc, and individual event magnitudes. The result for each epoch is the joint distribution of the Poisson rate of earthquakes with magnitudes larger than the minimum value used to calculate hazard (M1) and the Gutenberg–Richter b values, which control the extrapolation to other magnitudes. The rate for each region is either the duration‐weighted average over the epochs or, to better capture temporal variations, we also consider mixture models. The mixture models also provide an avenue to allow temporal variations in b values. To implement this joint distribution in a logic tree, we use the mean and 95% confidence branches, each of which is parameterized with an M ≥ M1 rate and b value. We explore different ways of defining those branches, as well as non‐Gutenberg–Richter branches, and their impact on hazard estimates. The mean hazard, but not the fractiles, is robust with respect to these choices. To illustrate these new methods, we use synthetic data and catalogs from recent U.S. Geological Survey National Seismic Hazard Models for the Central and Eastern United States and for Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120240245","usgsCitation":"Michael, A.J., and Llenos, A.L., 2026, Capturing the uncertainty of seismicity observations in earthquake rate estimates: Implications for probabilistic seismic hazard analysis and the USGS National Seismic Hazard Model: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 116, no. 2, p. 786-809, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120240245.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"786","endPage":"809","ipdsId":"IP-171147","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498394,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":498476,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0120240245","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"central and eastern United States, Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.78074090569169,\n 18.563253258174967\n ],\n [\n -68.0988965908456,\n 17.877923675754772\n ],\n [\n -65.79027508404809,\n 17.94024820912165\n ],\n [\n -64.91802672378982,\n 17.61876483723642\n ],\n [\n -64.54841087453303,\n 17.674241141684107\n ],\n [\n -64.67276844737347,\n 18.36505205279029\n ],\n [\n -64.85854582812973,\n 18.494803755055287\n ],\n [\n -67.78074090569169,\n 18.563253258174967\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -103,\n 50\n ],\n [\n -103,\n 24\n ],\n [\n -60,\n 24\n ],\n [\n -60,\n 50\n ],\n [\n -103,\n 50\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"116","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Michael, Andrew J. 0000-0002-2403-5019 michael@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2403-5019","contributorId":1280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"Andrew","email":"michael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Llenos, Andrea L. 0000-0002-4088-6737 allenos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4088-6737","contributorId":4455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Llenos","given":"Andrea","email":"allenos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70273463,"text":"70273463 - 2026 - The value of reducing uncertainties to support the management of a high‐elevation endemic salamander","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-15T15:11:14.770192","indexId":"70273463","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-23T08:06:02","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The value of reducing uncertainties to support the management of a high‐elevation endemic salamander","docAbstract":"Many salamander populations are declining, and methods to determine how best to allocate limited resources to slow or reverse these declines could support land managers in their decision‐making processes. Multiple types of uncertainty may delay management decisions, including when (1) knowledge of a species' ecology is incomplete, (2) climate change effects on environmental covariates are uncertain, and (3) the efficacy of management alternatives is unknown. For management decisions, a value‐of‐information analysis can identify which uncertainties are critical to reduce in order to identify an optimal strategy from a set of possible management actions. If the same management action is optimal across the full range of uncertainties, then resources for research can be redirected toward active management. Using value‐of‐information analyses, we examine the effect of uncertainty on identifying optimal management to maximize the future expected occupancy of Plethodon shenandoah , a Federally Endangered high‐elevation endemic salamander that is threatened by climate change. Out of 11 management actions proposed by National Park Service managers, those that increase environmental moisture are expected to maximize occupancy, and we find that the selection of this action is robust to all the identified uncertainties. We show that, even in systems with multiple sources of large uncertainty, value of information analyses discriminate among investments in species management.
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