{"pageNumber":"2","pageRowStart":"25","pageSize":"25","recordCount":198,"records":[{"id":70168404,"text":"70168404 - 2014 - Breeding biology of the Spotted Barbtail (<i>Premnoplex brunnescens</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-15T14:35:51","indexId":"70168404","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-01T15:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3784,"text":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Breeding biology of the Spotted Barbtail (<i>Premnoplex brunnescens</i>)","docAbstract":"<p>The Spotted Barbtail (Furnariidae) is poorly studied but shows some extreme traits for a tropical passerine. We located and monitored 155 nests to study this species for 7 years in an Andean cloud forest in Venezuela. Spotted Barbtails have an unusually long incubation period of 27.2 &plusmn; 0.16 days, as a result of very long (3&ndash;6 hr) off-bouts even though both adults incubate. The long off-bouts yield low incubation temperatures for embryos and are associated with proportionally large eggs (21% of adult mass). They also have a long nestling period of 21.67 &plusmn; 0.33 days, and a typical tropical brood size of two. The slow growth rate of the typical broods of two is even slower in broods artificially reduced to one young. Nonetheless, the young stay in the nest long enough to achieve wing lengths that approach adult size.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wilson Ornithological Society","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.1676/14-011.1","usgsCitation":"Munoz, D., and Martin, T.E., 2014, Breeding biology of the Spotted Barbtail (<i>Premnoplex brunnescens</i>): Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 126, no. 4, p. 717-727, https://doi.org/10.1676/14-011.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"717","endPage":"727","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054166","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318028,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Venezuela","geographicExtents":"{\n  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,{"id":70100242,"text":"ofr20141068 - 2014 - Events affecting gold exploration in Venezuela since 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-15T15:22:27","indexId":"ofr20141068","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-15T15:18:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1068","title":"Events affecting gold exploration in Venezuela since 1999","docAbstract":"The structure of the gold mining industry in Venezuela has changed significantly since 1999 as a result of Government policy changes and industry response to these changes. This report documents the policy decisions that have affected the mining industry, discusses the response of the industry on a site by site basis, and suggests possible effects of these changes on the global economy. For the short term, at least, it appears that these changes have made Venezuela a more difficult place to invest for U.S. and Canadian companies, while investment by Chinese entities has been encouraged.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141068","issn":"2331-1258","usgsCitation":"Wilburn, D.R., 2014, Events affecting gold exploration in Venezuela since 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1068, Report: iii, 7 p.; Table 1, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141068.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 7 p.; Table 1","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-052223","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287239,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1068/tables/of2014-1068_table1.xls"},{"id":287237,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1068/"},{"id":287238,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1068/pdf/of2014-1068.pdf"},{"id":287240,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141068.jpg"}],"country":"Venezuela","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -73.35,0.65 ], [ -73.35,12.49 ], [ -59.81,12.49 ], [ -59.81,0.65 ], [ -73.35,0.65 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5375d3d2e4b010920bbdecfd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilburn, David R. 0000-0002-5371-7617 wilburn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5371-7617","contributorId":1755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilburn","given":"David","email":"wilburn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70042009,"text":"70042009 - 2013 - Seismic structure of the crust and uppermost mantle of South America and surrounding oceanic basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-12T16:28:01","indexId":"70042009","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic structure of the crust and uppermost mantle of South America and surrounding oceanic basins","docAbstract":"We present a new set of contour maps of the seismic structure of South America and the surrounding ocean basins. These maps include new data, helping to constrain crustal thickness, whole-crustal average P-wave and S-wave velocity, and the seismic velocity of the uppermost mantle (<i>P</i><sub>n</sub> and <i>S</i><sub>n</sub>). We find that: (1) The weighted average thickness of the crust under South America is 38.17 km (standard deviation, s.d. ±8.7 km), which is ∼1 km thinner than the global average of 39.2 km (s.d. ±8.5 km) for continental crust. (2) Histograms of whole-crustal P-wave velocities for the South American crust are bi-modal, with the lower peak occurring for crust that appears to be missing a high-velocity (6.9–7.3 km/s) lower crustal layer. (3) The average P-wave velocity of the crystalline crust (<i>P</i><sub>cc</sub>) is 6.47 km/s (s.d. ±0.25 km/s). This is essentially identical to the global average of 6.45 km/s. (4) The average <i>P</i><sub>n</sub> velocity beneath South America is 8.00 km/s (s.d. ±0.23 km/s), slightly lower than the global average of 8.07 km/s. (5) A region across northern Chile and northeast Argentina has anomalously low P- and S-wave velocities in the crust. Geographically, this corresponds to the shallowly-subducted portion of the Nazca plate (the Pampean flat slab first described by Isacks et al., 1968), which is also a region of crustal extension. (6) The thick crust of the Brazilian craton appears to extend into Venezuela and Colombia. (7) The crust in the Amazon basin and along the western edge of the Brazilian craton may be thinned by extension. (8) The average crustal P-wave velocity under the eastern Pacific seafloor is higher than under the western Atlantic seafloor, most likely due to the thicker sediment layer on the older Atlantic seafloor.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jsames.2012.06.002","usgsCitation":"Chulick, G.S., Detweiler, S., and Mooney, W.D., 2013, Seismic structure of the crust and uppermost mantle of South America and surrounding oceanic basins: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 42, p. 260-276, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2012.06.002.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"260","endPage":"276","ipdsId":"IP-037785","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264907,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264906,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2012.06.002"}],"otherGeospatial":"South America","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.0,-56.5 ], [ -94.0,13.1 ], [ -32.6,13.1 ], [ -32.6,-56.5 ], [ -94.0,-56.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"42","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4bd4fe4b0e8fec6cdf9b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chulick, Gary S.","contributorId":36823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chulick","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Detweiler, Shane","contributorId":38874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Detweiler","given":"Shane","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70156272,"text":"70156272 - 2012 - A baseline analysis of the distribution, host-range, and severity of the rust Puccinia Psidii in the Hawaiian islands, 2005-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-09T18:27:03.879089","indexId":"70156272","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesNumber":"031","subseriesTitle":"HCSU","displayTitle":"A baseline analysis of the distribution, host-range, and severity of the rust <i>Puccinia Psidii</i> in the Hawaiian islands, 2005-2010","title":"A baseline analysis of the distribution, host-range, and severity of the rust Puccinia Psidii in the Hawaiian islands, 2005-2010","docAbstract":"<p><span>Puccinia psidii was first described by Winter (1884) on guava (<i>Psidium guajava</i> L.) in Brazil. The rust is still a major pest of native guava in Brazil and is often referred to as “guava rust” internationally. It is unusual among rust fungi because of its broad and ever-expanding host-range within the Myrtaceae plant family (Simpson <i>et al</i>. 2006). The pathogen is regarded as a major threat to Eucalyptus plantations and other Myrtaceae worldwide (Coutinho <i>et al</i>. 1998, Grgurinovic <i>et al</i>. 2006, Glen <i>et al</i>. 2007). Infections of leaves and meristems are particularly severe on susceptible seedlings, cuttings, young trees, and coppice, causing plants to be stunted and multi-branched, inhibiting normal growth and development, and sometimes causing death to young seedlings (Booth <i>et al</i>. 2000, Rayachhetry <i>et al</i>. 2001). The fungus has expanded its host-range in Brazil, affecting both native and introduced Myrtaceae (Coutinho <i>et al</i>. 1998).</span><br><br><span>Since its discovery in 1884, <i>P. psidii</i> has continually been discovered to have an expanding host-range within the Myrtaceae, affecting hosts throughout much of South and Central America and the Caribbean. Spreading out originally from Brazil in 1884, the fungus has been reported on hosts in the following countries (first record in parentheses): Paraguay (1884), Uruguay (1889), Ecuador (1891), Colombia (1913), Puerto Rico (1913), Cuba (1926), Dominican Republic (1933), Venezuela (1934), Jamaica (1936), Argentina (1946), Dominica (1948), Trinidad and Tobago (1951), Guatemala (1968), United States (Florida; 1977), Mexico (1981), El Salvador (1987), and Costa Rica (1998) (Simpson <i>et al</i>. 2006). It is possible that <i>P. psidii</i> was present in El Salvador and Costa Rica prior to 1980, but was not reported until 1987 and 1998, respectively.</span><br><br><span>Until recently, <i>Puccinia psidii</i> was restricted to the Neotropics, Mexico, and the state of Florida in the United States. While the rust has been present in Florida for over 30 years, only recently has it spread westward. Although possibly present earlier, <i>P. psidii</i> was found in California in November 2005 in a nursery in San Diego County on Myrtus communis and documented by a report in a nursery newsletter (Mellano 2006). <i>Puccinia psidii</i> was first found in Hawai`i on a young plant of `ōhi`a (<i>Metrosideros polymorpha</i>) in April 2005, in a nursery on the island of O`ahu (Killgore and Heu 2005; Uchida <i>et al</i>. 2006). The fungus subsequently spread to most islands of the Hawaiian chain, infecting `ōhi`a and other myrtaceous hosts (Hauff 2006, Anderson <i>et al</i>. 2007). P. psidii was first found in Japan in May 2007 on cultivated `ōhi`a (Kawanishi <i>et al</i>. 2009).</span><br><br><span>Most recently, a rust identified as <i>Uredo rangelii</i> was discovered in April 2010 in New South Wales, Australia (Carnegie <i>et al</i>. 2010). This rust is closely related to <i>Puccinia psidii</i> and is part of the guava rust complex described by Simpson <i>et al</i>. (2006). Although treated as a separate species by Simpson et al. (2006), many authors now consider <i>U. rangelii</i> a synonym for <i>U. psidii</i>, which is the anamorph (asexual stage) of <i>P. psidii</i>, and therefore, the same species (Glen <i>et al</i>. 2007, Carnegie <i>et al</i>. 2010). Because of the large diversity of native Myrtaceae present in Australia, the number of Myrtaceae hosts attacked by species of the guava rust complex will likely grow now that <i>U. rangelii</i> has arrived and is spreading in the country. As of this writing (June 2011), 94 species of Myrtaceae have been identified as hosts of <i>U. rangelii</i> in the states of New South Wales and Queensland. Damage is severe on nearly one-third of the species affected, and 16 of these species are threatened or endangered native species (Secretary of Australia, May 2011).</span><br><br><span>The presence of <i>Puccinia psidii</i> in Hawai`i is particularly alarming for at least two reasons: (1) <i>M. polymorpha</i> is the dominant overstory tree of the native forest, and (2) <i>P. psidii</i> is now established in the Pacific region, where numerous Myrtaceae species are native. Native ecosystems in Hawai`i and the Pacific could be seriously affected by the spread of <i>P. psidii</i>, as both native and introduced Myrtaceae are significant components of many different plant communities throughout the region (Glen et al. 2007). Because the guava rust complex (i.e., <i>P. psidii</i> and <i>U. rangelii</i>) now attacks well over 100 species of Myrtaceae worldwide, it is currently a priority for international quarantine and import restrictions in an effort to prevent further spread among Australasian and Pacific Myrtaceae.</span><br><br><span>Several different studies have been done to determine what degree of genetic variation exists between isolates of <i>Puccinia psidii</i> from many different host plants and many different locations (Langrell <i>et al</i>. 2008, Kawanishi <i>et al</i>. 2009, Kadooka 2010, Graça <i>et al</i>. 2011). So far, all of these studies have shown that all of the Hawaiian samples tested so far have had the same genetic composition. Given that the <i>P. psidii</i> strain in Hawai`i has continually been shown for over five years to lack genetic variation at microsatellite marker sites (which are believed to undergo relatively rapid genetic change), a baseline evaluation of incidence and severity should be especially valuable to provide comparisons with future conditions.</span><br><br><span>Worldwide, 23 Neotropical species in 11 genera and 59 Australasian and Pacific species in 13 genera had been recorded as hosts of <i>Puccinia psidii</i> before 2010 (Simpson <i>et al</i>. 2006, Anderson <i>et al</i>. 2007). Of those 82 species known to be hosts elsewhere, 42 are cultivated or naturalized in Hawai`i. Because of its wide host-range and aggressive pathogenicity, rust disease caused by <i>P. psidii</i> poses a considerable disease threat to many native and cultivated Myrtaceae throughout the world (Coutinho <i>et al</i>. 1998, Booth <i>et al</i>. 2000, Simpson <i>et al</i>. 2006). However, there are few reports comparing the severity of rust infection on native, introduced, and cultivated Myrtaceae (Rayachhetry <i>et al</i>. 2001, Perez <i>et al</i>. 2010). Since government agencies and the public are concerned about the extent of the rust movement within and to Hawai`i (Loope and La Rosa 2008, Loope 2010), there is a need to better understand the incidence, severity, and distribution of <i>P. psidii</i> in Hawai`i. To address that need, this research project was initiated to survey forests, surrounding plant communities, botanical gardens, and commercial nurseries to detect the presence and severity of <i>P. psidii</i> rust infections throughout Hawai`i on plants in the Myrtaceae family. This study provides a baseline on the host distribution and severity to compare current and future impacts of rust infections caused by <i>P. psidii</i> on native, naturalized, and cultivated Myrtaceae in Hawai`i.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Hawai`i Cooperative Studies Unit","publisherLocation":"Hilo, HI","usgsCitation":"Anderson, R.C., 2012, A baseline analysis of the distribution, host-range, and severity of the rust Puccinia Psidii in the Hawaiian islands, 2005-2010, 41 p.","productDescription":"41 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":306886,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":409268,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10790/2632"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70118151,"text":"70118151 - 2012 - Snakes in the wrong places: Gordon Rodda’s career in invasive species research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-25T16:48:14","indexId":"70118151","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T16:46:58","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Snakes in the wrong places: Gordon Rodda’s career in invasive species research","docAbstract":"When USGS research zoologist Gordon G. Rodda was a graduate student at Cornell University studying behavioral biology of alligators —or later, completing a post-doc at the Smithsonian Institute studying the social behavior of green iguanas in Venezuela or following that, as a statistics and sociobiology instructor at the University of Tennessee—he did not foresee that his professional future was in snakes. Lots of snakes, and in places they don’t belong.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Wilson, J., 2012, Snakes in the wrong places: Gordon Rodda’s career in invasive species research, 1 p.","productDescription":"1 p.","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291074,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7f545e4b0bc0bec0a1531","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Jim","contributorId":10503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Jim","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":496479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70193210,"text":"70193210 - 2012 - Mechanics of debris flows and rock avalanches: Chapter 43","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-30T13:37:43","indexId":"70193210","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Mechanics of debris flows and rock avalanches: Chapter 43","docAbstract":"<p><span>Debris flows are geophysical phenomena intermediate in character between rock avalanches and flash floods. They commonly originate as water-laden landslides on steep slopes and transform into liquefied masses of fragmented rock, muddy water, and entrained organic matter that disgorge from canyons onto valley floors. Typically including 50%–70% solid grains by volume, attaining speeds &gt;10 m/s, and ranging in size up to ∼109 m<sup>3</sup>, debris flows can denude mountainsides, inundate floodplains, and devastate people and property (Figure 43.1). Notable recent debris-flow disasters resulted in more than 20,000 fatalities in Armero, Colombia, in 1985 and in Vargas state, Venezuela, in&nbsp;1999.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Handbook of environmental fluid dynamics, Volume One","language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","doi":"10.1201/b14241-47","isbn":"9781439816707","usgsCitation":"Iverson, R.M., 2012, Mechanics of debris flows and rock avalanches: Chapter 43, chap. <i>of</i> Handbook of environmental fluid dynamics, Volume One, p. 573-587, https://doi.org/10.1201/b14241-47.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"573","endPage":"587","ipdsId":"IP-021709","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349598,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6105a0e4b06e28e9c2557b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Fernando, Harindra Joseph","contributorId":201042,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fernando","given":"Harindra","email":"","middleInitial":"Joseph","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":724158,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Iverson, Richard M. 0000-0002-7369-3819 riverson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7369-3819","contributorId":536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"Richard","email":"riverson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70003363,"text":"70003363 - 2011 - A trade-off between embryonic development rate and immune function of avian offspring is concealed by embryonic temperature","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-06T16:59:31.827461","indexId":"70003363","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-16T21:50:05","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1028,"text":"Biology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A trade-off between embryonic development rate and immune function of avian offspring is concealed by embryonic temperature","docAbstract":"<p><span>Long embryonic periods are assumed to reflect slower intrinsic development that are thought to trade off to allow enhanced physiological systems, such as immune function. Yet, the relatively rare studies of this trade-off in avian offspring have not found the expected trade-off. Theory and tests have not taken into account the strong extrinsic effects of temperature on embryonic periods of birds. Here, we show that length of the embryonic period did not explain variation in two measures of immune function when temperature was ignored, based on studies of 34 Passerine species in tropical Venezuela (23 species) and north temperate Arizona (11 species). Variation in immune function was explained when embryonic periods were corrected for average embryonic temperature, in order to better estimate intrinsic rates of development. Immune function of offspring trades off with intrinsic rates of embryonic development once the extrinsic effects of embryonic temperatures are taken into account.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2010.1031","usgsCitation":"Martin, T.E., Arriero, E., and Majewska, A., 2011, A trade-off between embryonic development rate and immune function of avian offspring is concealed by embryonic temperature: Biology Letters, v. 7, no. 3, p. 425-428, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2010.1031.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"425","endPage":"428","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474989,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3097863","text":"External Repository"},{"id":203827,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States, Venezuela","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.0660400390625,\n              33.18353672893615\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.533447265625,\n              33.18353672893615\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.533447265625,\n              34.17999758688084\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.0660400390625,\n              34.17999758688084\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.0660400390625,\n              33.18353672893615\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -69.730224609375,\n              8.760223824796954\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.741455078125,\n              8.760223824796954\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.741455078125,\n              9.74154239811809\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.730224609375,\n              9.74154239811809\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.730224609375,\n              8.760223824796954\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a55d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, Thomas E. 0000-0002-4028-4867 tmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4028-4867","contributorId":1208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Thomas","email":"tmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arriero, Elena","contributorId":74122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arriero","given":"Elena","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Majewska, Ania","contributorId":92404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Majewska","given":"Ania","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034220,"text":"70034220 - 2011 - Organic geochemical investigation and coal-bed methane characteristics of the Guasare coals (Paso Diablo mine, western Venezuela)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:46","indexId":"70034220","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1512,"text":"Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organic geochemical investigation and coal-bed methane characteristics of the Guasare coals (Paso Diablo mine, western Venezuela)","docAbstract":"The aim of this work was to carry out a geochemical study of channel samples collected from six coal beds in the Marcelina Formation (Zulia State, western Venezuela) and to determine experimentally the gas content of the coals from the Paso Diablo mine. Organic geochemical analyses by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and isotopic analyses on-line in coalbed gas samples were performed. The results suggest that the Guasare coals were deposited in a continental environment under highly dysoxic and low salinity conditions. The non-detection of 18??(H)-oleanane does not preclude that the organic facies that gave rise to the coals were dominated by angiosperms. In addition, the presence of the sesquiterpenoid cadalene may indicate the subordinate contribution of gymnosperms (conifers) in the Paleocene Guasare mire. The average coalbed gas content obtained was 0.6 cm3/g. ??13C and D values indicate that thermogenic gas is prevalent in the studied coals. Copyright ?? Taylor &amp; Francis Group, LLC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/15567030903330728","issn":"15567036","usgsCitation":"Quintero, K., Martinez, M., Hackley, P., Marquez, G., Garban, G., Esteves, I., and Escobar, M., 2011, Organic geochemical investigation and coal-bed methane characteristics of the Guasare coals (Paso Diablo mine, western Venezuela): Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects, v. 33, no. 10, p. 959-971, https://doi.org/10.1080/15567030903330728.","startPage":"959","endPage":"971","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216666,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567030903330728"},{"id":244551,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6fb3e4b0c8380cd75bef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Quintero, K.","contributorId":25386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quintero","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martinez, M.","contributorId":49910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martinez","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hackley, P. 0000-0002-5957-2551","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":15852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marquez, G.","contributorId":8308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marquez","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Garban, G.","contributorId":80115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garban","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Esteves, I.","contributorId":44384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esteves","given":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Escobar, M.","contributorId":58120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Escobar","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70003400,"text":"70003400 - 2010 - Systematics of the <i>Platyrrhinus helleri</i> species complex (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae), with descriptions of two new species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:59","indexId":"70003400","displayToPublicDate":"2011-12-18T14:09:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3810,"text":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Systematics of the <i>Platyrrhinus helleri</i> species complex (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae), with descriptions of two new species","docAbstract":"<i>Platyrrhinus</i> is a diverse genus of small to large phyllostomid bats characterized by a comparatively narrow uropatagium thickly fringed with hair, a white dorsal stripe, comparatively large inner upper incisors that are convergent at the tips, and three upper and three lower molars. Eighteen species are currently recognized, the majority occurring in the Andes. Molecular, morphological, and morphometric analyses of specimens formerly identified as <i>Platyrrhinus helleri</i> support recognition of <i>Platyrrhinus incarum</i> as a separate species and reveal the presence of two species from western and northern South America that we describe herein as new (<b><i>Platyrrhinus angustirostris<i> sp. nov.</b> from eastern Colombia and Ecuador, north-eastern Peru, and Venezuela and <b><i>Platyrrhinus fusciventris</i> sp. nov.</b> from Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Trinidad and Tobago, northern Brazil, eastern Ecuador, and southern Venezuela). These two new species are sister taxa and, in turn, sister to <i>Platyrrhinus incarum</i>.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Linnean Society of London","publisherLocation":"London, England","doi":"10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00610.x","usgsCitation":"Velazco, P.M., Gardner, A., and Patterson, B.D., 2010, Systematics of the <i>Platyrrhinus helleri</i> species complex (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae), with descriptions of two new species: Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, v. 159, no. 3, p. 785-812, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00610.x.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"785","endPage":"812","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475554,"rank":101,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00610.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":21677,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00610.x","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":204408,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"South America","volume":"159","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-06-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba373e4b08c986b31fce5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Velazco, Paul M.","contributorId":64781,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Velazco","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7013,"text":"Department of Vertebrate Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":347143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gardner, Alfred L. 0000-0002-4945-1641 agardner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4945-1641","contributorId":412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"Alfred L.","email":"agardner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":347141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Patterson, Bruce D.","contributorId":36020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patterson","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70200473,"text":"70200473 - 2010 - Natural bitumen and extra-heavy oil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-10T15:22:39","indexId":"70200473","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-17T14:58:09","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Natural bitumen and extra-heavy oil","docAbstract":"<p>Natural bitumen and extra-heavy oil are characterised by high viscosity, high density (low API gravity), and high concentrations of nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur, and heavy metals. These characteristics result in higher costs for extraction, transportation, and refining than are incurred with conventional oil. Despite their cost and technical challenges, major international oil companies have found it desirable to acquire, develop, and produce these resources in increasing volumes. Large in-place resource volumes provide a reliable long-term flow of liquid hydrocarbons and provide substantial payoff for any incremental improvements in recovery. High oil prices during 2007 and 2008 spurred new development and production which, in turn, have intensified concern about environmental effects of production increases. </p><p>Natural bitumen and extra-heavy oil are the remnants of very large volumes of conventional oils that have been generated and degraded, principally by bacterial action. Chemically and texturally, bitumen and extra-heavy oil resemble the residuum generated by refinery distillation of light oil. The resource base of natural bitumen and extra-heavy oil is immense and not a constraint on the expansion of production. These resources can make an important contribution to future oil supply if they can be extracted and transformed into usable refinery feedstock at sufficiently high rates and at costs that are competitive with alternative sources. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"2010 survey of energy resources ","language":"English","publisher":"World Energy Council ","isbn":"978 0 946121 021 ","usgsCitation":"Attanasi, E., and Meyer, R.F., 2010, Natural bitumen and extra-heavy oil, chap. <i>of</i> 2010 survey of energy resources , p. 123-150.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"123","endPage":"150","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358548,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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A.","contributorId":209897,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clarke","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749051,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trinnaman, J. A.","contributorId":209896,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trinnaman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749050,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Attanasi, Emil D. 0000-0001-6845-7160 attanasi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6845-7160","contributorId":198728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Attanasi","given":"Emil D.","email":"attanasi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meyer, Richard F.","contributorId":67963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70173758,"text":"70173758 - 2010 - Modeling the impacts of hunting on the population dynamics of red howler monkeys (<i>Alouatta seniculus</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T15:54:11","indexId":"70173758","displayToPublicDate":"2010-10-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling the impacts of hunting on the population dynamics of red howler monkeys (<i>Alouatta seniculus</i>)","docAbstract":"<p>Overexploitation of wildlife populations occurs across the humid tropics and is a significant threat to the long-term survival of large-bodied primates. To investigate the impacts of hunting on primates and ways to mitigate them, we developed a spatially explicit, individual-based model for a landscape that included hunted and un-hunted areas. We used the large-bodied neotropical red howler monkey (<i>Alouatta seniculus</i>) as our case study species because its life history characteristics make it vulnerable to hunting. We modeled the influence of different rates of harvest and proportions of landscape dedicated to un-hunted reserves on population persistence, population size, social dynamics, and hunting yields of red howler monkeys. In most scenarios, the un-hunted populations maintained a constant density regardless of hunting pressure elsewhere, and allowed the overall population to persist. Therefore, the overall population was quite resilient to extinction; only in scenarios without any un-hunted areas did the population go extinct. However, the total and hunted populations did experience large declines over 100 years under moderate and high hunting pressure. In addition, when reserve area decreased, population losses and losses per unit area increased disproportionately. Furthermore, hunting disrupted the social structure of troops. The number of male turnovers and infanticides increased in hunted populations, while birth rates decreased and exacerbated population losses due to hunting. Finally, our results indicated that when more than 55% of the landscape was harvested at high (30%) rates, hunting yields, as measured by kilograms of biomass, were less than those obtained from moderate harvest rates. Additionally, hunting yields, expressed as the number of individuals hunted/year/km<sup>2</sup>, increased in proximity to un-hunted areas, and suggested that dispersal from un-hunted areas may have contributed to hunting sustainability. These results indicate that un-hunted areas serve to enhance hunting yields, population size, and population persistence in hunted landscapes. Therefore, spatial regulation of hunting via a reserve system may be an effective management strategy for sustainable hunting, and we recommend it because it may also be more feasible to implement than harvest quotas or restrictions on season length.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science Pub. Co.","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.06.026","usgsCitation":"Wiederholt, R., Fernandez-Duque, E., Diefenbach, D.R., and Rudran, R., 2010, Modeling the impacts of hunting on the population dynamics of red howler monkeys (<i>Alouatta seniculus</i>): Ecological Modelling, v. 221, no. 10, p. 2482-2490, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.06.026.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2482","endPage":"2490","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-021572","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323306,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Venezuela","state":"Guárico","otherGeospatial":"Hato Masaguaral","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -67.5,\n              8.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.5,\n              8.6\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.6,\n              8.6\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.6,\n              8.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.5,\n              8.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"221","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57594213e4b04f417c2568fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiederholt, Ruscena","contributorId":149125,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiederholt","given":"Ruscena","affiliations":[{"id":17653,"text":"School of Natural Resources & the Environment, The University of Arizona, Tucson","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fernandez-Duque, Eduardo","contributorId":171620,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fernandez-Duque","given":"Eduardo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16979,"text":"University of Pennsylvania","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Diefenbach, Duane R. 0000-0001-5111-1147 drd11@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5111-1147","contributorId":5235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diefenbach","given":"Duane","email":"drd11@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rudran, Rasanayagam","contributorId":112332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rudran","given":"Rasanayagam","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":98384,"text":"ofr20101083A - 2010 - Seismicity of the Earth 1900–2010: Caribbean plate and vicinity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-29T21:22:15.359393","indexId":"ofr20101083A","displayToPublicDate":"2010-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1083","chapter":"A","title":"Seismicity of the Earth 1900–2010: Caribbean plate and vicinity","docAbstract":"Extensive diversity of tectonic regimes characterizes the perimeter of the Caribbean plate, involving no fewer than four major adjacent plates (North America, South America, Nazca, and Cocos). Inclined zones of deep earthquakes (Wadati-Benioff zones), deep ocean trenches, and arcs of volcanoes clearly indicate subduction of oceanic lithosphere along the Central American and Atlantic Ocean margins of the Caribbean plate, while shallow seismicity and focal mechanisms of major shocks in Guatemala, northern Venezuela, and the Cayman Ridge and Cayman Trench indicate transform fault and pull-apart basin tectonics.\nThe depth profile panels on this map portray earthquakes that extend from the Middle America Trench axis in the west to depths as great as 300 km beneath Guatemala, and from the Lesser Antilles Trench axis in the east to depths of approximately 200 km beneath Guadeloupe and the northeast Caribbean. In contrast, seismicity along the segments of the Caribbean plate margins from Guatemala to Hispaniola and from Trinidad to western Venezuela is indicative of transform fault tectonics.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101083A","usgsCitation":"Benz, H.M., Tarr, A.C., Hayes, G., Villasenor, A.H., Furlong, K.P., Dart, R.L., and Rhea, S., 2010, Seismicity of the Earth 1900–2010: Caribbean plate and vicinity (Revised September 2011): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1083, 1 Plate: 36.04 inches x 24.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101083A.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 36.04 inches x 24.00 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":301,"text":"Geologic Hazards Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118665,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1083_a.jpg"},{"id":13635,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1083/a/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"8000000","otherGeospatial":"Caribbean plate and vicinity","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97,-2 ], [ -97,24 ], [ -55,24 ], [ -55,-2 ], [ -97,-2 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Revised September 2011","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e771f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benz, Harley M. 0000-0002-6860-2134 benz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-2134","contributorId":794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benz","given":"Harley","email":"benz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tarr, Arthur C. atarr@usgs.gov","contributorId":1925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tarr","given":"Arthur","email":"atarr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":305149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hayes, Gavin P. 0000-0003-3323-0112","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3323-0112","contributorId":6157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Gavin P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":305150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Villasenor, Antonio H. 0000-0001-8592-4832","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8592-4832","contributorId":38186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villasenor","given":"Antonio","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Furlong, Kevin P. 0000-0002-2674-5110","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2674-5110","contributorId":19576,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Furlong","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dart, Richard L. dart@usgs.gov","contributorId":1209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dart","given":"Richard","email":"dart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":305148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rhea, Susan","contributorId":81110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhea","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70037225,"text":"70037225 - 2010 - Breeding biology and natural history of the Slate-throated Whitestart in Venezuela","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037225","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3784,"text":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Breeding biology and natural history of the Slate-throated Whitestart in Venezuela","docAbstract":"We provide details on the breeding biology of the Slate-throated Whitestart (Myioborus miniatus) from 126 nests found during seven breeding seasons, 2002-2008, at Yacamb?? National Park, Venezuela. Nesting activity peaked in late April and May. Only the female built the nest and incubated the eggs. Males rarely visited the nest during these stages. Mean clutch size (2.1 ?? 0.04 eggs, n = 93) was the smallest recorded for the Slate-throated Whitestart. Incubation and nestling period lengths were 15.3 ?? 0.31 (n = 21) and 10.8 ?? 0.24 (n = 7) days, respectively. Attentiveness (% of time on the nest) during incubation (59 ?? 1.6%, n = 52) was similar to other tropical warblers and much lower than northern relatives. This caused a relatively low egg temperature (34.40 ?? 0.33u C, n = ?? nests, 20 days) compared with north temperate birds. Both parents fed nestlings and increased their provisioning rates with nestling age. Growth rate based on nestling mass (k = 0.521 ?? 0.015) was faster than for other tropical passerines but slower than northern relatives. Predation was the main cause of nesting failure and rate of predation increased with age of the nest. An estimated 15% of nests were successful based on an overall Mayfield daily predation rate of 0.053 ?? 0.007. This study confirms a strong latitudinal variation in life history traits of warblers. ?? 2010 by the Wilson Ornithological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1676/09-151.1","issn":"15594491","usgsCitation":"Ruggera, R., and Martin, T.E., 2010, Breeding biology and natural history of the Slate-throated Whitestart in Venezuela: Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 122, no. 3, p. 447-454, https://doi.org/10.1676/09-151.1.","startPage":"447","endPage":"454","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475899,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1676/09-151.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217315,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1676/09-151.1"},{"id":245252,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"122","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f25ce4b0c8380cd4b12c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruggera, R.A.","contributorId":54798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruggera","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, T. E.","contributorId":10911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037597,"text":"70037597 - 2010 - Genetic characterization of Neotropical Jabiru Storks: Insights for conservation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T15:47:59","indexId":"70037597","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic characterization of Neotropical Jabiru Storks: Insights for conservation","docAbstract":"Jabiru Stork (Jabiru mycteria is listed under Appendix I of CITES and considered threatened in Central America. The first population genetic analysis of Jabiru Storks was carried out using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region sequences (520 bp) and five heterologous microsatellite loci. Samples were collected from the field (N = 49) and museum skins (N = 22) in Central (mainly Belize, Nicaragua and Costa Rica) and South America (Colombia, Venezuela, Peru and Brazil). A decline of mtDNA diversity was observed in comparisons between past (N = 20) and present (N = 40) samples collected in Central America and northern South America. Similar levels of microsatellite loci diversity were observed among contemporary samples. Lower levels of mtDNA variability were observed in samples from Central America and northern South America when compared to the Brazilian Pantanal region. Significant levels of genetic differentiation were found between contemporary locations sampled, whereas non-significant results were observed for historic samples. The non-geographic association of haplotypes observed at the cladograms and the recent divergence times estimated between locations are indicative of an evolutionary history of a large population size with limited population structure. Reconnection of populations via increased gene flow, particularly in Central America, is recommended if genetic structure and status are to be restored.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1675/063.033.0401","issn":"15244695","usgsCitation":"Lopes, I., Haig, S.M., and Lama, S., 2010, Genetic characterization of Neotropical Jabiru Storks: Insights for conservation: Waterbirds, v. 33, no. 4, p. 425-437, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.033.0401.","startPage":"425","endPage":"437","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217991,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1675/063.033.0401"},{"id":245966,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1569e4b0c8380cd54dd8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lopes, I.F.","contributorId":85558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopes","given":"I.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haig, S. M. 0000-0002-6616-7589","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":55389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lama, S.N.D.","contributorId":75362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lama","given":"S.N.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70036398,"text":"70036398 - 2010 - Breeding biology of the golden-faced Tyrannulet (Zimmerius chrysops) in venezuela","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:01","indexId":"70036398","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3784,"text":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Breeding biology of the golden-faced Tyrannulet (Zimmerius chrysops) in venezuela","docAbstract":"We present the first detailed information on the breeding biology of the Golden-faced Tyrannulet (Zimmerius chrysops). Information was gathered from 96 nests in Yacamb National Park, Venezuela during the 2002 to 2008 breeding seasons. The enclosed nest was similar to descriptions of nests of other species in the genus. Eggs were laid on alternate days with mean (?? SE) clutch size of 1.98 ?? 0.02 (n 45) and fresh weight of 1.616 ?? 0.020 g (n 48). Only the female incubated and the incubation period averaged 16.9 ?? 0.3 days (n 10). Nest attentiveness ( time on the nest) averaged 66.0 ?? 1.6 (n 40) and increased from early to mid- and late-incubation. Incubation behavior yielded an average 24-hr egg temperature of 34.88 ?? 0.45?? C (n 7 nests, 43 days). The nestling growth rate constant for body mass (k 0.285 ?? 0.011) was slow even for tropical tyrannids. The nestling period for nests where exact hatch and fledging days were observed ranged from 17 to 19 days with an average of 18.0 ?? 0. 2 days (n 9). Both females and males fed nestlings at a rate that increased over the nestling period with a mean of 4.41 ?? 0.65 trips/hr (n 10) during days 1 and 2 after hatching, and 14.93 ?? 2.36 trips/hr (n 6) at pin-break (days 1011). Daily predation rates were similar in egg-laying (0.052 ?? 0.025; n 76.5 exposure days) and incubation periods (0.068 ?? 0.010; n 575.5 exposure days), but were lower during the nestling period (0.039 ?? 0.010; n 377.0 exposure days). The total daily predation rate (0.057 ?? 0.007; n 989.0 exposure days) indicated only 12 of nests were successful. These breeding biology parameters for Z. chrysops differ substantially from other tyrant-flycatchers and temperate species, further highlighting the diversity within the Tyrannidae. ?? 2010 by the Wilson Ornithological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1676/09-196.1","issn":"15594491","usgsCitation":"Goulding, W., and Martin, T.E., 2010, Breeding biology of the golden-faced Tyrannulet (Zimmerius chrysops) in venezuela: Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 122, no. 4, p. 689-698, https://doi.org/10.1676/09-196.1.","startPage":"689","endPage":"698","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218498,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1676/09-196.1"},{"id":246515,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"122","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f25fe4b0c8380cd4b145","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goulding, W.","contributorId":22187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goulding","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, T. E.","contributorId":10911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98112,"text":"fs20093028 - 2009 - An estimate of recoverable heavy oil resources of the Orinoco Oil Belt, Venezuela","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-28T15:36:04","indexId":"fs20093028","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-3028","title":"An estimate of recoverable heavy oil resources of the Orinoco Oil Belt, Venezuela","docAbstract":"The Orinoco Oil Belt Assessment Unit of the La Luna-Quercual Total Petroleum System encompasses approximately 50,000 km2 of the East Venezuela Basin Province that is underlain by more than 1 trillion barrels of heavy oil-in-place. As part of a program directed at estimating the technically recoverable oil and gas resources of priority petroleum basins worldwide, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated the recoverable oil resources of the Orinoco Oil Belt Assessment Unit. This estimate relied mainly on published geologic and engineering data for reservoirs (net oil-saturated sandstone thickness and extent), petrophysical properties (porosity, water saturation, and formation volume factors), recovery factors determined by pilot projects, and estimates of volumes of oil-in-place. The U.S. Geological Survey estimated a mean volume of 513 billion barrels of technically recoverable heavy oil in the Orinoco Oil Belt Assessment Unit of the East Venezuela Basin Province; the range is 380 to 652 billion barrels. The Orinoco Oil Belt Assessment Unit thus contains one of the largest recoverable oil accumulations in the world.\r\n","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20093028","usgsCitation":"Schenk, C.J., Cook, T.A., Charpentier, R., Pollastro, R.M., Klett, T., Tennyson, M., Kirschbaum, M.A., Brownfield, M.E., and Pitman, J.K., 2009, An estimate of recoverable heavy oil resources of the Orinoco Oil Belt, Venezuela: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2009-3028, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20093028.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125643,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2009_3028.jpg"},{"id":13351,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3028/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":356864,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3028/pdf/FS09-3028.pdf","text":"Report","size":"917 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71,3 ], [ -71,15 ], [ -55,15 ], [ -55,3 ], [ -71,3 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db68652a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schenk, Christopher J. 0000-0002-0248-7305 schenk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0248-7305","contributorId":826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schenk","given":"Christopher","email":"schenk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":304204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cook, Troy A.","contributorId":52519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"Troy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Charpentier, Ronald R. charpentier@usgs.gov","contributorId":934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charpentier","given":"Ronald R.","email":"charpentier@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":304205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pollastro, Richard M.","contributorId":25100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollastro","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Klett, Timothy R. 0000-0001-9779-1168 tklett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9779-1168","contributorId":709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klett","given":"Timothy R.","email":"tklett@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":304202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tennyson, Marilyn E. 0000-0002-5166-2421 tennyson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5166-2421","contributorId":1433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tennyson","given":"Marilyn E.","email":"tennyson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":304206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kirschbaum, Mark A.","contributorId":25112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirschbaum","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":304209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Brownfield, Michael E. 0000-0003-3633-1138 mbrownfield@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3633-1138","contributorId":1548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brownfield","given":"Michael","email":"mbrownfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":304207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Pitman, Janet K. 0000-0002-0441-779X jpitman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0441-779X","contributorId":767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitman","given":"Janet","email":"jpitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":304203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70047206,"text":"70047206 - 2009 - African desert dust in the Amazon Basin: implications for human and ecosystem health","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-01T15:19:29","indexId":"70047206","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T13:28:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"African desert dust in the Amazon Basin: implications for human and ecosystem health","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 1<sup>st</sup> International Congress of Environmental Medicine","conferenceTitle":"1<sup>st</sup> International Congress of Environmental Medicine","conferenceDate":"2009-09-04T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Manaus, Brazil","language":"English","publisher":"College of Health Sciences","publisherLocation":"Manaus, Brazil","usgsCitation":"Griffin, D.W., 2009, African desert dust in the Amazon Basin: implications for human and ecosystem health.","ipdsId":"IP-017206","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289346,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Bolivia;Brazil;Columbia;Ecuador;Guyana;Paraguay;Peru;Suriname;Venezuela","otherGeospatial":"Amazon Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -78.77,20.12 ], [ -78.77,4.82 ], [ -46.17,4.82 ], [ -46.17,20.12 ], [ -78.77,20.12 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b3d861e4b07c5f79a7f328","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Griffin, Dale W. 0000-0003-1719-5812 dgriffin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1719-5812","contributorId":2178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Dale","email":"dgriffin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70035454,"text":"70035454 - 2009 - Breeding biology of the Three-striped warbler in Venezuela: A contrast between tropical and temperate parulids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:54","indexId":"70035454","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3784,"text":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Breeding biology of the Three-striped warbler in Venezuela: A contrast between tropical and temperate parulids","docAbstract":"We document reproductive life history traits of the Three-striped Warbler (Basileuterus tristriatus) from 146 nests in Venezuela and compare our results to data from the literature for other tropical and temperate parulid species. Mean (?? SE) clutch size was 1.96 ?? 0.03 eggs (n = 96) and fresh egg mass was 2.09 ?? 0.02 g. The incubation period was 15.8 ?? 0.2 days (n = 23) and the nestling period was 10.5 ?? 0.3 days (n = 12). Males did not incubate and rarely provided food for females during incubation. Females had 57 ?? 2% (n = 49) nest attentiveness (% of time on the nest incubating), which caused egg temperature to commonly become cold relative to development. Both adults fed nestlings and feeding rates increased with nestling age. The growth rate constant for nestlings based on mass was K 0.490, which is slower than for north temperate warblers. Predation was the primary source of nest failure and only 22% of nests were successful based on a Mayfield daily predation rate of 0.048 ?? 0.006. Our literature review indicates parulids differ strongly in life histories between temperate and tropical/subtropical sites with species in the tropics having, on average, smaller clutches, longer incubation periods, lower nest attentiveness, longer off-bouts, and longer nestling periods. ?? 2009 by the Wilson Ornithological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1676/08-133.1","issn":"15594491","usgsCitation":"Cox, W., and Martin, T.E., 2009, Breeding biology of the Three-striped warbler in Venezuela: A contrast between tropical and temperate parulids: Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 121, no. 4, p. 667-678, https://doi.org/10.1676/08-133.1.","startPage":"667","endPage":"678","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243314,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215504,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1676/08-133.1"}],"volume":"121","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f25fe4b0c8380cd4b141","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cox, W.A.","contributorId":42448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, T. E.","contributorId":10911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036833,"text":"70036833 - 2009 - Morphotectonics of the central Muertos thrust belt and Muertos Trough (northeastern Caribbean)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T10:04:29","indexId":"70036833","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Morphotectonics of the central Muertos thrust belt and Muertos Trough (northeastern Caribbean)","docAbstract":"Multibeam bathymetry data acquired during the 2005 Spanish R/V Hesp??rides cruise and reprocessed multichannel seismic profiles provide the basis for the analysis of the morphology and deformation in the central Muertos Trough and Muertos thrust belt. The Muertos Trough is an elongated basin developed where the Venezuelan Basin crust is thrusted under the Muertos fold-and-thrust belt. Structural variations along the Muertos Trough are suggested to be a consequence of the overburden of the asymmetrical thrust belt and by the variable nature of the Venezuelan Basin crust along the margin. The insular slope can be divided into three east-west trending slope provinces with high lateral variability which correspond to different accretion stages: 1) The lower slope is composed of an active sequence of imbricate thrust slices and closed fold axes, which form short and narrow accretionary ridges and elongated slope basins; 2) The middle slope shows a less active imbricate structure resulting in lower superficial deformation and bigger slope basins; 3) The upper slope comprises the talus region and extended terraces burying an island arc basement and an inactive imbricate structure. The talus region is characterized by a dense drainage network that transports turbidite flows from the islands and their surrounding carbonate platform areas to the slope basins and sometimes to the trough. In the survey area the accommodation of the ongoing east-west differential motion between the Hispaniola and the Puerto Rico-Virgin Islands blocks takes place by means of diffuse deformation. The asymmetrical development of the thrust belt is not related to the geological conditions in the foreland, but rather may be caused by variations in the geometry and movement of the backstop. The map-view curves of the thrust belt and the symmetry of the recesses suggest a main north-south convergence along the Muertos margin. The western end of the Investigator Fault Zone comprises a broad band of active normal faults which result in high instability of the upper insular slope. ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2009.03.010","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Granja, B.J., ten Brink, U., Carbo-Gorosabel, A., Munoz-Martin, A., and Gomez, B.M., 2009, Morphotectonics of the central Muertos thrust belt and Muertos Trough (northeastern Caribbean): Marine Geology, v. 263, no. 1-4, p. 7-33, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2009.03.010.","startPage":"7","endPage":"33","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476479,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://eprints.ucm.es/id/eprint/10040/1/Granja2_et_al_2009_.pdf","text":"External Repository"},{"id":245678,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217717,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2009.03.010"}],"volume":"263","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5e65e4b0c8380cd709f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Granja, Bruna J.L.","contributorId":82559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granja","given":"Bruna","email":"","middleInitial":"J.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":458061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carbo-Gorosabel, Andres","contributorId":88185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carbo-Gorosabel","given":"Andres","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Munoz-Martin, A.","contributorId":24598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munoz-Martin","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gomez, Ballesteros M.","contributorId":97353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomez","given":"Ballesteros","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70000186,"text":"70000186 - 2008 - Fish assemblages of the Casiquiare River, a corridor and zoogeographical filter for dispersal between the Orinoco and Amazon basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:34","indexId":"70000186","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:23","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2193,"text":"Journal of Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fish assemblages of the Casiquiare River, a corridor and zoogeographical filter for dispersal between the Orinoco and Amazon basins","docAbstract":"Aim: The aim of this study was to determine whether the Casiquiare River functions as a free dispersal corridor or as a partial barrier (i.e. filter) for the interchange of fish species of the Orinoco and Negro/Amazon basins using species assemblage patterns according to geographical location and environmental features. Location: The Casiquiare, Upper Orinoco and Upper Negro rivers in southern Venezuela, South America. Methods: Our study was based on an analysis of species presence/absence data and environmental information (11 habitat characteristics) collected by the authors and colleagues between the years 1984 and 1999. The data set consisted of 269 sampled sites and 452 fish species (> 50,000 specimens). A wide range of habitat types was included in the samples, and the collection sites were located at various points along the entire length of the Casiquiare main channel, at multiple sites on its tributary streams, as well as at various nearby sites outside the Casiquiare drainage, within the Upper Orinoco and Upper Rio Negro river systems. Most specimens and field data used in this analysis are archived in the Museo de Ciencias Naturales in Guanare, Venezuela. We performed canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) based on species presence/absence using two versions of the data set: one that eliminated sites having < 5 species and species occurring at < 5 sites; and another that eliminated sites having < 10 species and species occurring at < 10 sites. Cluster analysis was performed on sites based on species assemblage similarity, and a separate analysis was performed on species based on CCA loadings. Results: The CCA results for the two versions of the data set were qualitatively the same. The dominant environmental axis contrasted assemblages and sites associated with blackwater vs. clearwater conditions. Longitudinal position on the Casiquiare River was correlated (r2 = 0.33) with CCA axis-1 scores, reflecting clearwater conditions nearer to its origin (bifurcation of the Orinoco) and blackwater conditions nearer to its mouth (junction with the Rio Negro). The second CCA axis was most strongly associated with habitat size and structural complexity. Species associations derived from the unweighted pair-group average clustering method and pair-wise squared Euclidean distances calculated from species loadings on CCA axes 1 and 2 showed seven ecological groupings. Cluster analysis of species assemblages according to watershed revealed a stronger influence of local environmental conditions than of geographical proximity. Main conclusions: Fish assemblage composition is more consistently associated with local environmental conditions than with geographical position within the river drainages. Nonetheless, the results support the hypothesis that the mainstem Casiquiare represents a hydrochemical gradient between clearwaters at its origin and blackwaters at its mouth, and as such appears to function as a semi-permeable barrier (environmental filter) to dispersal and faunal exchanges between the partially vicariant fish faunas of the Upper Orinoco and Upper Negro rivers. ?? 2008 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Biogeography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2699.2008.01917.x","issn":"03050270","usgsCitation":"Winemiller, K., Lopez-Fernandez, H., Taphorn, D., Nico, L., and Duque, A., 2008, Fish assemblages of the Casiquiare River, a corridor and zoogeographical filter for dispersal between the Orinoco and Amazon basins: Journal of Biogeography, v. 35, no. 9, p. 1551-1563, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2008.01917.x.","startPage":"1551","endPage":"1563","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203312,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18715,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2008.01917.x"}],"volume":"35","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f7e4b07f02db5f23f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winemiller, K.O.","contributorId":103394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winemiller","given":"K.O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lopez-Fernandez, H.","contributorId":103395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopez-Fernandez","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taphorn, D.C.","contributorId":32480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taphorn","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nico, L.G. 0000-0002-4488-7737","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4488-7737","contributorId":83052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nico","given":"L.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Duque, A.B.","contributorId":97611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duque","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70000387,"text":"70000387 - 2008 - Egg size variation among tropical and temperate songbirds: An embryonic temperature hypothesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:36","indexId":"70000387","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:23","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Egg size variation among tropical and temperate songbirds: An embryonic temperature hypothesis","docAbstract":"Species with 'slow' life history strategies (long life, low fecundity) are thought to produce high-quality offspring by investing in larger, but fewer, young. Larger eggs are indeed associated with fewer eggs across taxa and can yield higher-quality offspring. Tropical passerines appear to follow theory because they commonly exhibit slow life history strategies and produce larger, but fewer, eggs compared with northern species. Yet, I show here that relative egg mass (corrected for adult mass) varies extensively in the tropics and subtropics for the same clutch size, and this variation is unexplained. I propose a hypothesis to explain egg size variation both within the tropics and between latitudes: Relative egg mass increases in species with cooler egg temperatures and longer embryonic periods to offset associated increases in energetic requirements of embryos. Egg temperatures of birds are determined by parental incubation behavior and are often cooler among tropical passerines because of reduced parental attentiveness of eggs. Here, I show that cooler egg temperatures and longer embryonic periods explained the enigmatic variation in egg mass within and among regions, based on field studies in tropical Venezuela (36 species), subtropical Argentina (16 species), and north temperate Arizona (20 species). Alternative explanations are not supported. Thus, large egg sizes may reflect compensation for increased energetic requirements of cool egg temperatures and long embryonic periods that result from reduced parental attentiveness in tropical birds. ?? 2008 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1073/pnas.0709366105","issn":"00278424","usgsCitation":"Martin, T.E., 2008, Egg size variation among tropical and temperate songbirds: An embryonic temperature hypothesis: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 105, no. 27, p. 9268-9271, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0709366105.","startPage":"9268","endPage":"9271","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":489993,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2453717","text":"External Repository"},{"id":18824,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0709366105"},{"id":203606,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"105","issue":"27","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a25e4b07f02db60f2b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, T. E.","contributorId":10911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":97263,"text":"ofr20081230 - 2008 - Petrographic and Vitrinite Reflectance Analyses of a Suite of High Volatile Bituminous Coal Samples from the United States and Venezuela","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:06","indexId":"ofr20081230","displayToPublicDate":"2009-02-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1230","title":"Petrographic and Vitrinite Reflectance Analyses of a Suite of High Volatile Bituminous Coal Samples from the United States and Venezuela","docAbstract":"This report presents vitrinite reflectance and detailed organic composition data for nine high volatile bituminous coal samples. These samples were selected to provide a single, internally consistent set of reflectance and composition analyses to facilitate the study of linkages among coal composition, bitumen generation during thermal maturation, and geochemical characteristics of generated hydrocarbons. Understanding these linkages is important for addressing several issues, including: the role of coal as a source rock within a petroleum system, the potential for conversion of coal resources to liquid hydrocarbon fuels, and the interactions between coal and carbon dioxide during enhanced coalbed methane recovery and(or) carbon dioxide sequestration in coal beds.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081230","usgsCitation":"Hackley, P.C., and Kolak, J.J., 2008, Petrographic and Vitrinite Reflectance Analyses of a Suite of High Volatile Bituminous Coal Samples from the United States and Venezuela: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1230, iii, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081230.","productDescription":"iii, 36 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198160,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12313,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1230/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686820","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kolak, Jonathan J.","contributorId":59100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolak","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70031766,"text":"70031766 - 2008 - Natural history and breeding biology of the Rusty-breasted Antpitta (Grallaricula ferrugineipectus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:07","indexId":"70031766","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3784,"text":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Natural history and breeding biology of the Rusty-breasted Antpitta (Grallaricula ferrugineipectus)","docAbstract":"We provide substantial new information on the breeding biology of the Rusty-breasted Antpitta (Grallaricula ferrugineipectus ferrugineipectus) from 40 nests during four consecutive breeding seasons at Yacambu National Park in Venezuela. Vocalizations are quite variable in G. ferrugineipectus. Nesting activity peaked in April when laying began for half of all nests monitored. The date of nest initiation pattern suggests this species is single-brooded. Both parents incubate and the percent of time they incubate is high (87-99%) throughout the incubation period. The incubation period averaged (?? SE) 17.0 ?? 0.12 days, while the nestling period averaged 13.37 ?? 0.37 days. G. f. ferrugineipectus has the shortest developmental time described for its genus. Time spent brooding nestlings decreased as nestlings grew, but was still greater at pin feather break day than observed in north temperate species. The growth rate constant based on mass (k = 0.41) and tarsus length (k = 0.24) was lower than the k for north temperate species of similar adult mass. All nesting mortality was caused by predation and overall daily survival rate (?? SE) was relatively low (0.94 ?? 0.01) yielding an estimated 15% nest success.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1676/07-007.1","issn":"15594491","usgsCitation":"Niklison, A.M., Areta, J., Ruggera, R., Decker, K.L., Bosque, C., and Martin, T.E., 2008, Natural history and breeding biology of the Rusty-breasted Antpitta (Grallaricula ferrugineipectus): Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 120, no. 2, p. 345-352, https://doi.org/10.1676/07-007.1.","startPage":"345","endPage":"352","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212581,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1676/07-007.1"},{"id":240086,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"120","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6318e4b0c8380cd722ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Niklison, Alina M.","contributorId":21760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niklison","given":"Alina","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Areta, J.I.","contributorId":79709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Areta","given":"J.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruggera, R.A.","contributorId":54798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruggera","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Decker, Karie L.","contributorId":51094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Decker","given":"Karie","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bosque, C.","contributorId":13439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bosque","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Martin, T. E.","contributorId":10911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70032913,"text":"70032913 - 2008 - Reproductive biology of the red-ruffed fruitcrow pyroderus scutatus granadensis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:21","indexId":"70032913","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3784,"text":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reproductive biology of the red-ruffed fruitcrow pyroderus scutatus granadensis","docAbstract":"We provide a detailed report on the reproductive biology of the Red-ruffed Fruitcrow (Pyroderus scutatus granadensis). Eight nests were found between 2003 and 2007 in tropical montane cloud forest in Yacambu National Park, Lara, Venezuela. All nests were near streams in steep drainages. Nests consisted of twigs arranged in a cupped platform. Clutch size was a single egg and the average incubation period (n = 3) was 22.3 days. Nest attentiveness during incubation averaged [?? SE] 76.3 ?? 1.86% and increased only slightly across stages (early, middle, late). On-bout and off-bout durations were relatively similar across incubation stages. A nestling period of 35 days was recorded for one nest and feather pin-break was estimated to occur at day 19. Brooding attentiveness during the early nestling period averaged 62.5 ??6.41%, and the adult ceased brooding at about feather pin-break. Food delivery rates increased with nestling age. Food provisioning consisted mostly of insects (66.7%) and lizards (25%) with fruit comprising only 8.3% of the nestling diet at early stages. Provisioning changed to mostly fruit (82.4%) and some insects (17.6%) in late stages of the nestling period.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"15594","usgsCitation":"Muir, J., Licata, D., and Martin, T.E., 2008, Reproductive biology of the red-ruffed fruitcrow pyroderus scutatus granadensis: Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 120, no. 4, p. 863-867.","startPage":"863","endPage":"867","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241212,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"120","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa8c0e4b0c8380cd85a62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muir, J.A.","contributorId":30831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muir","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Licata, D.","contributorId":66070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Licata","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, T. E.","contributorId":10911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70032912,"text":"70032912 - 2008 - First description of the breeding biology and natural history of the ochre-breasted brush finch atlapetes semirufus in venezuela","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:21","indexId":"70032912","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3784,"text":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"First description of the breeding biology and natural history of the ochre-breasted brush finch atlapetes semirufus in venezuela","docAbstract":"We provide the first description of the eggs, breeding biology, and natural history of the Ochre-breasted Brush Finch (Atlapetes semirufus). We found 37 nests over four breeding seasons (2004-2007) in Yacamb?? National Park, Venezuela. Nesting activity started in late April and continued until early June suggesting single-brooded behavior despite a typical tropical clutch size of two eggs (x?? = 1.89) that were laid on consecutive days. Egg mass averaged 3.38 g and 11.6% of adult female mass. The incubation and nestling periods averaged 14.9 and 10.5 days, respectively. Only females incubated and the percent time they spent incubating did not change between early and late incubation. Females brooded 42.7% of the time when nestlings were 2 days of age and 20.5% when 9 days of age. Both parents provisioned young at a low rate (3.9 trips/hr) and nestling growth rate (k = 0.45) was also slow. Nest predation rates were relatively high with daily mortality rates of 0.058 and 0.067 during incubation and nestling stages, respectively.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1676/07-020.1","issn":"15594","usgsCitation":"Biancucci, L., and Martin, T.E., 2008, First description of the breeding biology and natural history of the ochre-breasted brush finch atlapetes semirufus in venezuela: Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 120, no. 4, p. 856-862, https://doi.org/10.1676/07-020.1.","startPage":"856","endPage":"862","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213574,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1676/07-020.1"},{"id":241211,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"120","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1052e4b0c8380cd53c0c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biancucci, L.","contributorId":107942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biancucci","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, T. E.","contributorId":10911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}