Characterizing traffic-related air pollutants (TRAPs), which significantly impact health, and greenhouse gases (GHGs) can be challenging in urban environments. Mobile monitoring has the potential to capture the spatial distribution of these pollutants. We present results from a campaign using the Denver Mobile Monitoring Laboratory (DMML) in the summer of 2023 when we measured ultrafine particles (UFPs), black carbon (BC), ozone (O3), methane (CH4), and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in Denver, CO. Despite our campaign being brief, we obtained several interesting results. We observed elevated UFP and BC concentrations on major roads. In contrast, O3 concentrations were higher on neighborhood streets and roads and in the industrial neighborhood of Commerce City. We consistently observed elevated CH4 concentrations (>2.5 ppm) on highway I-70, suggesting the presence of a previously unknown major source of CH4. The CH4 concentrations measured in our campaign did not align with those from an overlapping aerial campaign, suggesting that mobile monitoring is crucial to capture important, potentially intermittent CH4 hotspots in cities. We evaluated if trees mitigated pollution concentrations, as planting trees is a key policy initiative of the city of Denver. We observed significant negative associations between tree canopy coverage and UFPs, BC, and CH4, and a positive association with O3 when using linear mixed-effects regression models. Our work highlights the importance of investigating the role of tree canopy coverage to mitigate TRAPs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100364","usgsCitation":"deSouza, P., Crawford, B., Durant, J.L., Hudda, N., Ibsen, P.C., L'Orange, C., Jimenez, J., Graeber, B., Cicione, B., Mekonnen, R., Purushothama, S., Kahn, R., Kinney, P.L., and Volckens, J., 2025, High-resolution multi-pollutant mapping in Denver, Colorado: Atmospheric Environment X, v. 27, 100364, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100364.","productDescription":"100364, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177506","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495723,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100364","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":495408,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Denver","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.32990609528034,\n 39.95761559533625\n ],\n [\n -105.32990609528034,\n 39.506686432213314\n ],\n [\n -104.5591800032328,\n 39.506686432213314\n ],\n [\n -104.5591800032328,\n 39.95761559533625\n ],\n [\n -105.32990609528034,\n 39.95761559533625\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"deSouza, Priyanka","contributorId":353306,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"deSouza","given":"Priyanka","affiliations":[{"id":16824,"text":"University of Colorado Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crawford, Benjamin 0000-0003-3820-7982","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3820-7982","contributorId":340464,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crawford","given":"Benjamin","affiliations":[{"id":81615,"text":"University of Colorado Denver, Deparment of Geography and Environmental Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Durant, John L.","contributorId":361323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Durant","given":"John","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6936,"text":"Tufts University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hudda, Neelakshi","contributorId":361324,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hudda","given":"Neelakshi","affiliations":[{"id":6936,"text":"Tufts University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ibsen, Peter Christian 0000-0002-3436-9100","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3436-9100","contributorId":260735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ibsen","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"Christian","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":948618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"L'Orange, Christian","contributorId":361325,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"L'Orange","given":"Christian","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jimenez, Jose 0000-0003-0607-6973","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0607-6973","contributorId":245735,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jimenez","given":"Jose","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49303,"text":"Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos SPAIN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Graeber, Brady","contributorId":361326,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Graeber","given":"Brady","affiliations":[{"id":16824,"text":"University of Colorado Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Cicione, Brendan","contributorId":361327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cicione","given":"Brendan","affiliations":[{"id":16824,"text":"University of Colorado Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Mekonnen, Ruth","contributorId":361328,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mekonnen","given":"Ruth","affiliations":[{"id":16824,"text":"University of Colorado Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Purushothama, Saadhana","contributorId":361329,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Purushothama","given":"Saadhana","affiliations":[{"id":16824,"text":"University of Colorado Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Kahn, Ralph","contributorId":353311,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kahn","given":"Ralph","affiliations":[{"id":13693,"text":"University of Colorado Boulder","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Kinney, Patrick L.","contributorId":361330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kinney","given":"Patrick","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13693,"text":"University of Colorado Boulder","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Volckens, John","contributorId":361331,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Volckens","given":"John","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70273979,"text":"70273979 - 2025 - Suspended sediment and fisheries: An exploration of empirical relationships","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-20T18:21:30.798822","indexId":"70273979","displayToPublicDate":"2025-08-26T11:18:13","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Suspended sediment and fisheries: An exploration of empirical relationships","docAbstract":"Objective:
Sediment has an important role in aquatic ecosystems, however, excess sediment can negatively impact fish and other aquatic life. Quantifying the response of aquatic life, particularly fish, to suspended sediment is important for natural resource managers tasked with developing sediment management guidelines to protect aquatic ecosystems. Our goal was to assess the ability of established, revised, and alternate severity of ill effect (SEV) dose-response models to predict the impact of suspended sediment on fish.
Methods: We synthesized existing literature to develop an expansive dataset that relates suspended sediment concentration and exposure duration to biological effects on fishes and assessed the predictive ability of established and revised SEV dose-response models. We investigated potential sources of variation in biological responses to suspended sediment dose and explored two alternative approaches for assessing the effects of suspended sediment on fish: 90th quantile SEV dose-response regression models and logistic SEV dose-response models.
Results: We found that both established and revised linear SEV dose-response models poorly quantify fish biological response to suspended sediment. Quantile SEV dose-response regressions also performed poorly. More promising are logistic dose-response models that identify sediment thresholds where major effects of sediment on fish can be expected to occur. We demonstrate that fish biological response to suspended sediment is modulated by sediment particle size, water temperature, and dissolved oxygen levels, suggesting additional environmental and biological variables to consider when evaluating the effects of suspended sediment on fish.
Conclusion: We contribute revised and novel empirically derived tools for predicting the effects of suspended sediment on fish and demonstrate how environmental variables and life stage may modulate fish biological response. Our work illustrates challenges associated with predictive modeling and some potential sources of variation. While empirical models integrating biological stress response to suspended sediment may help natural resource managers capture potential impacts of this stressor, a cautious approach that considers co-acting stressors may be most effective for sediment management that is protective of fish.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1093/najfmt/vqaf051","usgsCitation":"Pilkerton, A.M., McCullough, S.M., Patterson, L.S., Rahel, F., Walters, A.W., 2025, Suspended sediment and fisheries: An exploration of empirical relationships: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 45, no. 5, p. 753-766, https://doi.org/10.1093/najfmt/vqaf051.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"753","endPage":"766","ipdsId":"IP-174503","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500363,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pilkerton, Ashleigh M.","contributorId":366479,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pilkerton","given":"Ashleigh","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCullough, Sara M.","contributorId":366480,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCullough","given":"Sara","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Patterson, Lindsay S.","contributorId":366481,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patterson","given":"Lindsay","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":84900,"text":"Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rahel, Frank J.","contributorId":337685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rahel","given":"Frank J.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Walters, Annika W. 0000-0002-8638-6682 awalters@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8638-6682","contributorId":4190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"Annika","email":"awalters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70270953,"text":"70270953 - 2025 - Favorability mapping for hydrothermal power resource assessments of the Great Basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-27T15:00:56.506199","indexId":"70270953","displayToPublicDate":"2025-08-26T07:55:11","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1828,"text":"Geothermics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Favorability mapping for hydrothermal power resource assessments of the Great Basin, USA","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is updating the 2008 assessment of conventional hydrothermal resources for the Great Basin in the western United States. As part of this work, the workflow for hydrothermal resource favorability maps is being modified to integrate modern data-driven machine learning (ML) methods. Improvements include: [1] using new and refined evidence layers (features); [2] using an order of magnitude more training sites (labeled examples); [3] utilizing simple but non-linear supervised ML algorithms; [4] representing positive training sites (wells with measured heat flow) with their ordinal value proportional to the magnitude of convective upflow (i.e., low, high, or very high convective signals instead of past strategies using positive-negative labels); [5] supplementing training sites with additional sites with low convective signals to represent diverse under-sampled areas where hydrothermal systems are unlikely to exist; [6] comparing with competing approaches; and [7] utilizing Monte Carlo cross-validation to estimate and evaluate prediction uncertainty.
For the new favorability map, over half of the power-producing systems (i.e., 15 of 28) are predicted in the 99th percentile of most favorable locations (i.e., the highest 1 % of favorability, corresponding to 1 % of the map area), exceeding the performance of past models that have explicitly used power plants as training sites. Previous favorability maps predicted approximately half of the power-producing hydrothermal systems above the 80th percentile (i.e., 20 % of the map area). For the new favorability map, 93 % of power-producing systems (i.e., 26 of 28) are above the 80th percentile. The power-producing systems for which the new model does not perform well are either comparatively small, low-temperature systems or systems also not predicted well by prior modeling approaches, suggesting that these few systems are unusual when compared with most power-producing systems. Focusing research on these known, seemingly different systems may yield new insights and subsequent discovery of new prospects.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103450","usgsCitation":"Mordensky, S.P., Burns, E., Lipor, J., and DeAngelo, J., 2025, Favorability mapping for hydrothermal power resource assessments of the Great Basin, USA: Geothermics, v. 133, 103450, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103450.","productDescription":"103450, 24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-170174","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495066,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103450","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":494947,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.0202610934917,\n 42.55970962212865\n ],\n [\n -119.8746500530377,\n 37.88790476539039\n ],\n [\n -116.94256843416173,\n 36.91537025154052\n ],\n [\n -113.73824592248651,\n 36.98857095813982\n ],\n [\n -111.99293303262,\n 42.55970962212865\n ],\n [\n -115.98687680320434,\n 42.23211305382921\n ],\n [\n -118.48297767228134,\n 42.58841357223409\n ],\n [\n -121.0202610934917,\n 42.55970962212865\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"133","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mordensky, Stanley Paul 0000-0001-8607-303X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8607-303X","contributorId":292014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mordensky","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"Paul","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":947427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burns, Erick R. 0000-0002-1747-0506","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1747-0506","contributorId":225412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Erick R.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":947428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lipor, John 0000-0002-0990-5493","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0990-5493","contributorId":292015,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lipor","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6929,"text":"Portland State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":947429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeAngelo, Jacob 0000-0002-7348-7839 jdeangelo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-7839","contributorId":237879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelo","given":"Jacob","email":"jdeangelo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":947430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70272689,"text":"70272689 - 2025 - The role of fire on Earth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-07T17:36:21.383553","indexId":"70272689","displayToPublicDate":"2025-08-23T10:46:29","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of fire on Earth","docAbstract":"Fire is a defining feature of our biosphere, having appeared when the first plants colonized the land, and it continues to occur across the planet at different frequencies and intensities. Fire has been and remains as an evolutionary force in many plant and animal lineages and contributes to explaining the variability of our biodiversity. Fire has also shaped the structure of many ecosystems and the distribution of biomes, and it is an important contributor to the global biogeochemical cycles. In addition, fire has been a key factor in human evolution, and, in turn, humans have modified fire regimes with important consequences for the biosphere. Consequently, fire is an intrinsic factor on our planet. Our challenge now is to understand and predict the role of fire in a densely populated, highly technological world that imposes significant changes on the Earth.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biaf132","usgsCitation":"Pausas, J.G., Keeley, J., and Bond, W.J., 2025, The role of fire on Earth: BioScience, v. 75, no. 12, p. 1028-1041, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biaf132.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1028","endPage":"1041","ipdsId":"IP-176989","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497116,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biaf132","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":497067,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pausas, Juli G.","contributorId":363229,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pausas","given":"Juli","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":86660,"text":"Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Moncada, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keeley, Jon 0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":216485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bond, William J.","contributorId":363230,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bond","given":"William","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12665,"text":"University of Cape Town","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70273328,"text":"70273328 - 2025 - Near-surface material and topography generate anomalous high-frequency ground motion amplification in Chugiak, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-06T15:19:15.394653","indexId":"70273328","displayToPublicDate":"2025-08-22T09:12:41","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Near-surface material and topography generate anomalous high-frequency ground motion amplification in Chugiak, Alaska","docAbstract":"An ∼3 km long nodal array oriented approximately east–west was deployed in Chugiak, Alaska, by the U.S. Geological Survey during 2021. The array intersects with the permanent NetQuakes station NP.ARTY, where peak ground acceleration (PGA) value of 1.98g was recorded during the 2018 Mw 7.1 Anchorage, Alaska, earthquake, in sharp contrast to the PGA of ∼0.3g at a site just 4 km to the west. Seismic data for Mw 1.8–4.3 aftershocks from the Mw 7.1 event recorded by the nodal array confirm the anomalously large ground motions obtained at NP.ARTY as well as similar amplifications at nodes within ∼1 km to the east. Here, we performed 0–10 Hz 3D finite‐difference simulations, including high‐resolution surface topography, to explore the cause of the unexpectedly large amplification. As expected, the simulations computed with a regional 3D tomography velocity model severely underpredict the 0–10 Hz acceleration records at almost all sites. Adding a near‐surface low‐velocity taper to 300 m depth amplifies the accelerations by up to a factor of 5 and enables a reasonable match between the nodal data and simulations at sites to the west of NP.ARTY. However, this model still underpredicts the spectral energy in the area covered by glacial sediments by up to an order of magnitude. The addition of a till layer using a depth‐dependent shear‐wave velocity (Vs) profile along with a homogeneous, 8 m thick low‐velocity layer with Vs = 250 m/s representing the kame terraces improves the fit to data to within a factor of 2 at nodes located on top of the glacial sediments. Our study shows that the anomalously large high‐frequency amplification recorded at and near NP.ARTY can be explained by a combination of topographic effects and near‐surface low‐velocity material with amplification effects on the high‐frequency ground motion by up to about 40% and an order of magnitude, respectively.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120240283","usgsCitation":"Yeh, T., Olsen, K.B., Steidl, J.H., and Haeussler, P., 2025, Near-surface material and topography generate anomalous high-frequency ground motion amplification in Chugiak, Alaska: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 115, no. 6, p. 2793-2808, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120240283.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"2793","endPage":"2808","ipdsId":"IP-173630","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498350,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Chugiak","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -149.0449585780233,\n 61.579337610698786\n ],\n [\n -150.32779349821365,\n 61.579337610698786\n ],\n [\n -150.32779349821365,\n 60.81067946634249\n ],\n [\n -149.0449585780233,\n 60.81067946634249\n ],\n [\n -149.0449585780233,\n 61.579337610698786\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"115","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yeh, Te-Yang 0000-0002-9146-6804","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-6804","contributorId":364872,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yeh","given":"Te-Yang","affiliations":[{"id":6608,"text":"San Diego State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olsen, Kim B.","contributorId":364874,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olsen","given":"Kim","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6608,"text":"San Diego State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steidl, Jamison Haase 0000-0003-0612-7654","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0612-7654","contributorId":239709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steidl","given":"Jamison","email":"","middleInitial":"Haase","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":353464,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter J.","affiliations":[{"id":84407,"text":"USGS ASC retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70271727,"text":"70271727 - 2025 - Using periodic matrix models to simulate the effectiveness of alternative reintroduction strategies for lizards on a seasonal tropical island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-22T14:01:26.626812","indexId":"70271727","displayToPublicDate":"2025-08-22T08:58:12","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":774,"text":"Animal Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using periodic matrix models to simulate the effectiveness of alternative reintroduction strategies for lizards on a seasonal tropical island","docAbstract":"Conservation translocations and reintroductions are widely used to improve conservation outcomes for declining species. Reintroductions are unlikely to be successful if the threats that led to the extirpation of the focal species, such as non-native predators, have not been ameliorated. The non-native brown treesnake (Boiga irregularis) was introduced to Guam in the mid-20th century and has devastated the native lizard fauna of this Pacific Island. Native lizard populations persist on small islands near Guam and could act as sources for reintroductions. Recently, trapping methods have been shown to greatly reduce the density of brown treesnakes, raising the possibility that native lizards could be reintroduced where brown treesnake abundance is controlled. Here we developed demographic models for four lizard species present on Guam to assess their validity as a trial for reintroducing species to meet native species recovery goals. These four species vary in their size, activity, and susceptibility to predation by brown treesnakes. We used periodic matrix models to simulate changes in lizard vital rates driven by the wet-dry seasonal cycle found on Guam. We found that the release of 60 individuals of each species was likely to result in successful reintroduction outcomes provided adult survival in the wild is similar to rates estimated based on life history parameters. Demographic models can be used to forecast reintroduction outcomes, including predicting the probability of success and evaluating causes of failure in the event that populations do not establish.
","language":"English","publisher":"Zoological Society of London","doi":"10.1111/acv.70033","usgsCitation":"Rose, J.P., Halstead, B., and Nafus, M.G., 2025, Using periodic matrix models to simulate the effectiveness of alternative reintroduction strategies for lizards on a seasonal tropical island: Animal Conservation, https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.70033.","ipdsId":"IP-157311","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496141,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.70033","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":495835,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Guam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 145.0069622718084,\n 13.65408637492817\n ],\n [\n 144.57903827244206,\n 13.65408637492817\n ],\n [\n 144.57903827244206,\n 13.222559261674391\n ],\n [\n 145.0069622718084,\n 13.222559261674391\n ],\n [\n 145.0069622718084,\n 13.65408637492817\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rose, Jonathan P. 0000-0003-0874-9166 jprose@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0874-9166","contributorId":199339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"Jonathan","email":"jprose@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Halstead, Brian J. 0000-0002-5535-6528 bhalstead@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-6528","contributorId":215986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halstead","given":"Brian","email":"bhalstead@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nafus, Melia G. 0000-0002-7325-3055 mnafus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7325-3055","contributorId":197462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nafus","given":"Melia","email":"mnafus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70270361,"text":"dr1214 - 2025 - Revised marine bird collision and displacement vulnerability index for U.S. Pacific Outer Continental Shelf offshore wind energy development","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T15:11:59.483763","indexId":"dr1214","displayToPublicDate":"2025-08-21T06:59:57","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9318,"text":"Data Report","code":"DR","onlineIssn":"2771-9448","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1214","displayTitle":"Revised Marine Bird Collision and Displacement Vulnerability Index for U.S. Pacific Outer Continental Shelf Offshore Wind Energy Development","title":"Revised marine bird collision and displacement vulnerability index for U.S. Pacific Outer Continental Shelf offshore wind energy development","docAbstract":"The installation of offshore wind energy infrastructure (OWEI) at sea may affect marine birds by increasing the risk of mortality from collision with OWEI (Collision Vulnerability) and causing disturbance and displacement from important habitats (Displacement Vulnerability). In 2017, we published the first comprehensive database quantifying marine bird Collision Vulnerability and Displacement Vulnerability to potential OWEI in the region of the U.S. Pacific Outer Continental Shelf (POCS; waters within the Exclusive Economic Zone of California, Oregon, and Washington). We have updated this Vulnerability Index with new research and data, additional species present in the POCS, and an evolved understanding of the application and utility of the Index. Of the species assessed, phalaropes and Red-billed Tropicbird have the highest Collision Vulnerability, and gulls, terns, jaegers, skuas, and pelicans have moderately high Collision Vulnerability. Boobies, sea ducks, and pelicans have the greatest Displacement Vulnerability. The overall trends in ranked Vulnerability among marine birds in the POCS were consistent between Version 1 and Version 2 although new data and revised calculations updated the outcomes. Alcids, loons, storm-petrels, Brant, and phalaropes ranked higher for Collision Vulnerability in Version 2 compared to Version 1; sea ducks, cormorants, skua, and jaegers ranked lower for Collision Vulnerability in Version 2 compared to Version 1. Displacement Vulnerability ranks were higher in Version 2 for gulls, pelicans, sea ducks, and alcids and lower for albatrosses, terns, and loons. Vulnerability Index Version 2 is an up-to-date, representative, and transparent assessment of marine bird vulnerability to potential offshore wind energy development. This updated Vulnerability Index can assist resource managers and others in understanding and addressing potential interactions between OWEI and marine bird species that inhabit the POCS.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/dr1214","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management","programNote":"Ecosystems Mission Area—Species Management Research Program","usgsCitation":"Kelsey, E.C., Felis, J.J., Pereksta, D.M., and Adams, J., 2025, Revised marine bird collision and displacement vulnerability index for U.S. Pacific Outer Continental Shelf offshore wind energy development (ver. 1.1,\nNovember 2025): U.S. Geological Survey Data Report 1214, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/dr1214.","productDescription":"viii, 32 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-167805","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496435,"rank":6,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dr/1214/dr1214.XML"},{"id":496432,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dr/1214/VersionHistory.txt","size":"2 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"Version History"},{"id":496434,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dr/1214/images"},{"id":496433,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1OUOM9W","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data for the revised marine bird Collision and Displacement Vulnerability Index for Pacific Outer Continental Shelf offshore wind energy development"},{"id":496431,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dr/1214/dr1214.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DR 1214"},{"id":496429,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dr/1214/coverthb2.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.11122811871701,\n 46.836231292523934\n ],\n [\n -133.66298337147504,\n 43.87312626189197\n ],\n [\n -135.1639174719598,\n 38.18991249267404\n ],\n [\n -124.75213428275356,\n 21.70090202972672\n ],\n [\n -117.3903149351834,\n 19.187148095597664\n ],\n [\n -108.20584860772473,\n 21.105959128505745\n ],\n [\n -110.47687143079384,\n 23.789215318067903\n ],\n [\n -114.73093128440786,\n 29.394483151806185\n ],\n [\n -116.81948042658601,\n 32.732895836344994\n ],\n [\n -120.58898983505466,\n 35.78436076311384\n ],\n [\n -123.50560199570324,\n 40.66753444650692\n ],\n [\n -123.11122811871701,\n 46.836231292523934\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0: August 19, 2025; Version 1.1: November 17, 2025","contact":"Director, Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is using collaborative, interdisciplinary planning to develop data and tools needed to optimize the management of water resources and land use by resource management agencies during an ongoing, multidecadal drought in the Colorado River Basin. The USGS Actionable and Strategic Integrated Science and Technology team works to build relationships with resource management agencies and other stakeholders who can benefit from the use of USGS data and products. In 2023, the Actionable and Strategic Integrated Science and Technology team hosted a series of collaborative workshops to bring together representatives of resource management agencies and other stakeholders (any person or entity with interests in a resource or location) with USGS program managers, scientists, and multidisciplinary subject matter experts to codevelop concepts for interdisciplinary drought science and technology projects to address pressing needs related to drought in the Colorado River Basin. Workshop participants identified current and recent scientific data that could be shared through a centralized online data portal. Workshop participants also identified drought science and technology needs and developed project concepts to address those science needs. Participants categorized project concepts based on their potential to develop short-, mid-, and long-term drought science data and tools, provide for the spatial or temporal expansion of ongoing USGS science projects, and address high-priority science needs. Participants developed nine project concepts: (1) understanding shifting ecohydrologic baselines, (2) San Juan River Basin synthesis, (3) incorporating dynamic land cover into hydrologic models, (4) aridification compared to drought, (5) surface water-groundwater interactions, (6) cascading effects of drought on dust, (7) cascading effects of drought on water availability, (8) cascading effects of drought on socioeconomic factors, and (9) the value of water in the Colorado River Basin. This report provides an overview of the 2023 Codesign Workshop Series, synthesized outcomes from workshop materials and discussions, and science project concepts that emerged from the collaborative meetings that will continue to be refined into science project proposals through codevelopment processes. This report also highlights lessons learned and next steps needed to receive feedback and testing of the USGS Science Collaboration Portal, continue collaboration to develop detailed specifics and steps for short-term wins, develop interdisciplinary project proposals, and implement science planning and studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20251041","usgsCitation":"Anderson, P.J., Godaire, J.E., Jones, D.K., Andrews, W.J., Torregrosa, A.A., Bell, M.T., Holloway, J.M., Blakowski, M.A., Hevesi, J.A., and Qi, S.L., 2025, Collaborative drought science planning in the Colorado River Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2025–1041, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20251041.","productDescription":"vi, 32 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-165607","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":494357,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1041/ofr20251041.xml"},{"id":494378,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20251041/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2025-1041"},{"id":494325,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1041/ofr20251041.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.41 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2025-1041"},{"id":494356,"rank":3,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1041/images"},{"id":494324,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1041/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","state":"Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.23441985470737,\n 42.42360949558767\n ],\n [\n -110.0074572875208,\n 42.9273485741041\n ],\n [\n -110.88201818257588,\n 40.83215412591818\n ],\n [\n -112.09041488325958,\n 37.81270064609009\n ],\n [\n -113.86864235906498,\n 37.77076755792572\n ],\n [\n -113.94586057217214,\n 38.21912009189296\n ],\n [\n -115.10119317735365,\n 39.08121928179544\n ],\n [\n -115.47544949784407,\n 35.429353160164375\n ],\n [\n -115.29249888241867,\n 31.986896837542588\n ],\n [\n -110.42076682180414,\n 30.172954165166573\n ],\n [\n -108.95437388160886,\n 30.991312421045535\n ],\n [\n -108.56364522256465,\n 31.857948821439074\n ],\n [\n -107.84802514114666,\n 32.26017852956302\n ],\n [\n -107.22575341999277,\n 34.155285973008596\n ],\n [\n -107.68523996280838,\n 35.482296714195456\n ],\n [\n -106.46728549757393,\n 37.071939542790304\n ],\n [\n -105.6885671199549,\n 39.88037502712785\n ],\n [\n -106.23441985470737,\n 42.42360949558767\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Fort Collins Science Center
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Aeromagnetic and gravity surveys of the Skaergaard intrusion in East Greenland were carried out in July–August 1971 as part of a grant to the University of Oregon Center for Volcanology to refine the models of crystallization and differentiation of the intrusion, specifically to test whether the intrusion is underlain by dense rocks of a reservoir 20 kilometers (km) thick (referred to as a “hidden zone”). The Skaergaard intrusion is a source of platinum group elements that are critical mineral resources for many technologies, and because no new data have been collected these legacy datasets remain a valuable asset. The total-intensity aeromagnetic survey was flown in early July 1971 with a proton precession magnetometer at a constant barometric altitude of 1.5 km (5,000 feet) with a nominal line spacing of 1 km. Two gravimeters were used to acquire 168 stations of which 86 were at known altitudes (mainly sea level) and 82 had altitudes measured by altimetry in late July–August 1971. Finally, a north-south ground vertical-intensity magnetic traverse was completed across the intrusion together with collection of oriented hand specimens. The hand specimens were measured for remnant magnetization and density, along with density measurements of more specimens collected by expedition geologists for other purposes.
The intrusion is composed of layered gabbro with extensive crystal fractionation that is dense and strongly reversely polarized. After terrain correction and standard Bouguer gravity reduction, the gravity anomaly dataset was corrected for all rock above sea level using the density measurements of the various zones of the intrusion and the topographic and geologic maps (variable density Bouguer gravity reduction).
A large regional gradient in the gravity anomaly data was removed using orthogonal polynomial fitting to the gridded data. The zonal volumes of rock below sea level were calculated from the dipping polygonal layer gravity model of the intrusion below sea level and combined with elliptic cross–section cylinders for the various zones above sea level to approximate the original zonal volumes of the intrusion. The residual gravity anomaly of 18–20 milligals (mGal) was only about half of the expected anomaly if a large hidden zone proposed from petrologic considerations were present, and both two-dimensional and three-dimensional models imply that the exposed series of intrusion zones explain the gravity anomaly by their down-dip extension below sea level together with a small hidden-zone volume. A three-dimensional model of the exposed rocks and their down-dip extension below sea level also can account for the aeromagnetic anomaly with little or no requirement for hidden-zone rock. The middle and upper zone units of the intrusion contain the most magnetite and account for most of the aeromagnetic anomaly.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20251030","programNote":"Mineral Resources Program","usgsCitation":"Gettings, M.E., 2025, Gravity and magnetic surveys of the Skaergaard intrusion, East Greenland: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2025–1030, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20251030.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 43 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"43","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-126792","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":494352,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P91OVG7G","text":"USGS data release","description":"Gettings, M.E., and Parks, H.L., 2025, Aeromagnetic and gravity surveys of the Skaergaard intrusion in East Greenland, 1971: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P91OVG7G.","linkHelpText":"Aeromagnetic and gravity surveys of the Skaergaard intrusion in East Greenland, 1971"},{"id":494347,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1030/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":494348,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1030/ofr20251030.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2025-1030 PDF"},{"id":494349,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20251030/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2025-1030 HTML"},{"id":494350,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1030/ofr20251030.XML","description":"OFR 2025-1030 XML"},{"id":494351,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1030/images"}],"country":"Greenland","otherGeospatial":"Skaergaard intrusion","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -32.1667,\n 68.3\n ],\n [\n -32.1677,\n 68\n ],\n [\n -31.1667,\n 68\n ],\n [\n -31.1667,\n 68.3\n ],\n [\n -32.1667,\n 68.3\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
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P.O. Box 158
Moffett Field, CA 94035
Conventional dietary assessments are challenging in hematophagous species, particularly in sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus). However, recent technological developments and molecular approaches have provided an attractive alternative through the use of DNA metabarcoding. While DNA metabarcoding has been used for dietary analyses in numerous species, including lampreys, applications of universal primers that detect a diverse set of prey items can be limited by the amplification of predator DNA. In this study, we designed and tested eight blocking primers designed to suppress the amplification of sea lamprey DNA with vertebrate-universal primers targeting the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene. This approach allowed for the use of a single marker to amplify a taxonomically diverse suite of host species, in contrast to previous studies that used multiple taxon-specific primer pairs (e.g., Salmonidae, Cyprinidae, and Catostomidae). Candidate blocking primers evaluated in this study differed in base pair length, end sequence modification, and purification method. Samples with different sea lamprey-to-host DNA ratios were subjected to multiple detection methods including gel electrophoresis, quantitative PCR, and DNA metabarcoding to assess the ability of each blocking primer to selectively suppress amplification of the sea lamprey 12S gene region. All blocking primers tested performed well and demonstrated high effectiveness, suppressing sea lamprey reads by > 99.9% in mock communities and improving host DNA sequence recovery across various sample types, including wild-caught lamprey. Results show that the blocking primers evaluated can facilitate molecular diet analysis in sea lamprey, allowing the amplification of a taxonomically diverse range of host fish species with universal primers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.71999","usgsCitation":"O'Kane, C., Johnson, N.S., Scribner, K.T., Kanefsky, J., Li, W., and Robinson, J.D., 2025, Development of PCR blocking primers enabling DNA metabarcoding analysis of dietary composition in hematophagous sea lamprey: Ecology and Evolution, v. 15, no. 8, e71999, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71999.","productDescription":"e71999, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-180902","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495047,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71999","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":494536,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.42859751371756,\n 46.71487752181625\n ],\n [\n -88.36277690371458,\n 45.01774821823912\n ],\n [\n -88.31731481855903,\n 41.21678815653618\n ],\n [\n -82.47857075519083,\n 40.921825838317346\n ],\n [\n -76.56443794208697,\n 42.71597391873013\n ],\n [\n -75.95858087681425,\n 44.662611421640634\n ],\n [\n -78.61421032535229,\n 45.36119897624181\n ],\n [\n -83.48488030611055,\n 47.11030206757272\n ],\n [\n -83.94723014044203,\n 48.52355518474724\n ],\n [\n -89.06406805799038,\n 49.4614460474032\n ],\n [\n -93.42859751371756,\n 46.71487752181625\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O'Kane, Conor","contributorId":360151,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O'Kane","given":"Conor","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Nicholas S. 0000-0002-7419-6013 njohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-6013","contributorId":597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Nicholas","email":"njohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":946859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scribner, Kim T.","contributorId":360153,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scribner","given":"Kim","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":85977,"text":"Michigan State Univesity","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kanefsky, Jeannette","contributorId":243198,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kanefsky","given":"Jeannette","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Li, Weiming","contributorId":126748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Weiming","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6590,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Robinson, John D.","contributorId":360155,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"John","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70272186,"text":"70272186 - 2025 - Divergent trends in fluvial suspended-sediment concentrations following improved land-use practices, southwest Washington State","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-18T15:33:25.145266","indexId":"70272186","displayToPublicDate":"2025-08-20T09:20:04","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Divergent trends in fluvial suspended-sediment concentrations following improved land-use practices, southwest Washington State","docAbstract":"Improvements in logging practices since the mid-20th century are widely presumed to have reduced suspended sediment loads in streams across the Pacific Northwest. However, there have been few opportunities to directly assess this, particularly in larger rivers. We compare modern (2019–22) and historical (1960s) suspended sediment monitoring in three large, actively managed watersheds in western Washington with similar land-use histories. In the two watersheds draining the southern Olympic Mountains (Satsop and Wynoochee Rivers), modern sediment yields were around 300 t/km2/yr, two to three times lower than historical conditions. Most suspended sediment exiting these watersheds came from rolling terrain mantled by glacial deposits in the lower watersheds, not the steep headwaters. Modern sediment yields in the Chehalis River, draining the low-relief Willapa Hills, were lower (70 t/km2/yr), though this represented a 50 % increase relative to historical conditions. SSC-discharge relations in the Chehalis River were steady from 1961 to 1994, indicating this increase happened sometime after 1994. The Chehalis River headwaters were uniquely impacted by landsliding during a 2007 storm, though there is some evidence against that storm as the cause of the recent increase. Ultimately, improved land-use practices appear to have reduced suspended sediment loads in large rivers of the southern Olympic Mountains several-fold, consistent with prior findings in the western Olympic Mountains, primarily due to reduced sediment delivery from the lower watersheds. Countervailing SSC-discharge trends and lower yields in the Chehalis River underscore that background sediment delivery rates and sensitivity to land-use disturbance may vary substantially within a region.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.109963","usgsCitation":"Anderson, S., Curran, C.A., Wilkerson, O., and Seguin, K., 2025, Divergent trends in fluvial suspended-sediment concentrations following improved land-use practices, southwest Washington State: Geomorphology, v. 488, 109963, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.109963.","productDescription":"109963, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-159608","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496732,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.109963","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496585,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Chehalis River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124,\n 47.667\n ],\n [\n -124,\n 46.333\n ],\n [\n -122.333,\n 46.333\n ],\n [\n -122.333,\n 47.667\n ],\n [\n -124,\n 47.667\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"488","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Scott W 0000-0002-6239-7352","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6239-7352","contributorId":344221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Scott W","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Curran, Christopher A. 0000-0001-8933-416X ccurran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8933-416X","contributorId":1650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curran","given":"Christopher","email":"ccurran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilkerson, Oscar A. 0000-0003-1786-5329","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1786-5329","contributorId":344222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilkerson","given":"Oscar","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":80400,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":950369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Seguin, Katie","contributorId":362358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seguin","given":"Katie","affiliations":[{"id":86510,"text":"USGS, WA WSC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70267829,"text":"70267829 - 2025 - Airborne geophysics for geologic mapping of critical mineral systems in the United States southern midcontinent","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-16T16:33:30.622156","indexId":"70267829","displayToPublicDate":"2025-08-19T10:30:56","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Airborne geophysics for geologic mapping of critical mineral systems in the United States southern midcontinent","docAbstract":"The increased demand for clean energy technology and a significant reliance on foreign supply chains have given impetus to understanding critical mineral systems and locating potential resources within the United States. At least thirteen critical mineral-bearing systems have been identified throughout the U.S. southern Midcontinent (Hofstra and Kreiner, 2020) but much of the region’s geologic framework is concealed by vegetation and sedimentary cover that hinder traditional geologic mapping efforts. Airborne geophysical data provide an effective way to overcome these obstacles and to provide additional insight into the deeper structures that underlie shallow mineralization. However, legacy airborne magnetic and radiometric data were collected using now-outdated instruments and methods, inconsistent survey parameters, and large flight-line spacings resulting in low-resolution data that present challenges to regional-scale study and interpretation. Over the last decade, the U.S. Geological Survey Earth Mapping Resources Initiative (EMRI) and National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program have conducted a series of high-resolution airborne magnetic and radiometric surveys across the southern Midcontinent (Fig. 1) as part of an effort to improve understanding of the geophysical framework and natural resource potential in the region. These surveys are designed using modern survey methods and instruments with consistent parameters for flight-line spacing and flight height relative to magnetic sources. The EMRI airborne surveys are planned in collaboration with State geological surveys based on focus areas (Dicken et al., 2022) according to the presence of or potential for critical mineral deposits. High-resolution airborne magnetic and radiometric data cover focus areas such as the southeast Missouri iron metallogenic province and South-Central iron-oxide-apatite (IOA) – iron-oxide-copper-gold (IOCG) province, the Magnet Cove alkaline-carbonatite complex, the Midwest Permian ultramafic dike district, the Illinois-Kentucky fluorspar district, and several Mississippi Valley-type lead-zinc deposits and districts (Fig. 1). These focus areas represent known deposits or prospective host systems of critical minerals including rare earth elements (REEs), platinum-group elements (PGEs), cobalt, lithium, fluorspar, niobium, titanium, vanadium, lead, zinc, gallium, germanium, and many more. Other significant geologic and geophysical features covered include the Reelfoot rift, the New Madrid seismic zone, the Illinois basin, the Arkoma basin, the South-Central magnetic lineament, and the Kentucky-Tennessee magnetic anomaly (Fig. 1). This presentation focuses on new airborne magnetic and radiometric data with continuous coverage across parts of six states, preliminary interpretations, examples of geologic mapping applications, and discussion of newly discovered magnetic anomalies and follow-up investigations.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geologic Mapping Forum 24/24 abstracts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Minnesota Twin Cities","usgsCitation":"Amaral, C.M., McCafferty, A.E., and Connell, D., 2025, Airborne geophysics for geologic mapping of critical mineral systems in the United States southern midcontinent, in Geologic Mapping Forum 24/24 abstracts, p. 15-16.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"16","ipdsId":"IP-173917","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489447,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11299/275433"},{"id":498748,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.25384608464034,\n 38.46574935812839\n ],\n [\n -93.61302912846105,\n 38.46574935812839\n ],\n [\n -93.61302912846105,\n 34.021659839091996\n ],\n [\n -86.25384608464034,\n 34.021659839091996\n ],\n [\n -86.25384608464034,\n 38.46574935812839\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Amaral, Chelsea Morgan 0000-0003-4632-4097","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4632-4097","contributorId":313539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amaral","given":"Chelsea","email":"","middleInitial":"Morgan","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":939061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCafferty, Anne E. 0000-0001-5574-9201 anne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5574-9201","contributorId":1120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCafferty","given":"Anne","email":"anne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":939062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Connell, Dylan Mark 0000-0001-8678-2776","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8678-2776","contributorId":292570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connell","given":"Dylan Mark","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":939063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70270458,"text":"70270458 - 2025 - Improved prediction of postfire debris flows through rainfall anomaly maps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-20T14:53:20.297849","indexId":"70270458","displayToPublicDate":"2025-08-19T09:48:24","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improved prediction of postfire debris flows through rainfall anomaly maps","docAbstract":"Predicting where runoff-generated debris flows might occur during rainfall on steep, recently burned terrain is challenging. Studies of mass-movement processes in unburned areas indicate that event locations are well-predicted by rainfall anomaly, R*, in which peak observed rainfall is normalized by local rainfall climatology. Here, we use remote and field methods to map debris flows triggered within the 2020 Dolan Fire burn area in coastal California, demonstrate that a short-duration R* metric predicts debris-flow occurrence more effectively than absolute peak intensity or longer-duration rainfall metrics, and show that incorporating an R* criterion into an existing debris-flow likelihood model can reduce false positive predictions and improve accuracy. We test R* at three other climatically distinct fires in California, demonstrating its utility for mapping likely debris-flow locations in different climates. We also consider how R* can benefit postfire debris-flow prediction given recent increases in climatological variability within individual burn perimeters.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025GL114791","usgsCitation":"Cavagnaro, D.B., McCoy, S.W., Thomas, M.A., Kostelnik, J., and Lindsay, D.N., 2025, Improved prediction of postfire debris flows through rainfall anomaly maps: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 52, no. 16, e2025GL114791, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL114791.","productDescription":"e2025GL114791, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-170042","costCenters":[{"id":78941,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Landslides / Earthquake Geology","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":494967,"rank":1,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13ZGR6F","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Inventory of fluvial erosion and debris-flow activity following the 2020 Dolan Fire, California"},{"id":494458,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gl114791","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":494344,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Callifornia","county":"Monterey County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.7,\n 36.2\n ],\n [\n -121.7,\n 35.9\n ],\n [\n -121.3,\n 35.9\n ],\n [\n -121.3,\n 36.2\n ],\n [\n -121.7,\n 36.2\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cavagnaro, David B.","contributorId":359920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cavagnaro","given":"David","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12742,"text":"University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCoy, Scott W.","contributorId":359922,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCoy","given":"Scott","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12742,"text":"University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomas, Matthew A. 0000-0002-9828-5539 matthewthomas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9828-5539","contributorId":200616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Matthew","email":"matthewthomas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":946434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kostelnik, Jaime 0000-0002-1817-5461","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1817-5461","contributorId":300717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kostelnik","given":"Jaime","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":946435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lindsay, Donald N.","contributorId":359924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindsay","given":"Donald","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70270590,"text":"70270590 - 2025 - Potomac Tributary Summary: A summary of trends in tidal water quality and associated factors, 1985 - 2022","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-21T14:07:08.104178","indexId":"70270590","displayToPublicDate":"2025-08-19T08:53:54","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"title":"Potomac Tributary Summary: A summary of trends in tidal water quality and associated factors, 1985 - 2022","docAbstract":"The Potomac Tributary Summary outlines change over time for a suite of monitored tidal water quality parameters and associated potential drivers of those trends for the period of 1985 to 2022, and provides a brief description of the current state of knowledge explaining these observed changes. Water quality parameters described include surface (above pycnocline) total nitrogen (TN), surface total phosphorus (TP), surface water temperature (WTEMP), spring (March-May) and summer (July-September) surface chlorophyll a, summer bottom (below pycnocline) dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations, and Secchi disk depth (a measure of water clarity). Results for annual bottom TP, bottom TN, surface ortho-phosphate (PO4), surface dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), surface total suspended solids (TSS), and summer surface DO concentrations are provided in Appendix B. Drivers discussed include physiographic watershed characteristics, changes in TN, TP, and sediment loads from the watershed to tidal waters, expected effects of changing land use, and implementation of nutrient management and natural resource conservation practices. Factors internal to estuarine waters that also play a role as drivers are described including biogeochemical processes, physical forces such as wind driven mixing of the water column and increase in rainfall intensity and volume, and biological factors such as phytoplankton biomass and the presence of submerged aquatic vegetation. Continuing to track water quality response and investigating these influencing factors are important steps to understanding water quality patterns and changes in the Potomac River. The intended audiences for this report include, but are not limited to, 1) technical managers within jurisdictions who are looking at tidal water quality data and trying to understand why patterns are occurring, 2) local watershed organizations that are trying to understand these analyses and working to connect them to their local area(s), and 3) federal, state, and academic researchers. Figure 1 presents a conceptual model highlighting these intended audiences. Our goal is for the Tributary Summary documents to be sources of readily available background for change over time in tidal water quality observed with monitoring data. The intended purpose of the Tributary Summary documents is to help answer questions related to water quality, show how landscape factors drive water quality change over time, provide support for management decisions that may alter water quality trends and living resources conditions, and highlight where there may be information or knowledge gaps.","language":"English","publisher":"Chesapeake Bay Program","usgsCitation":"Sullivan, B.M., Gootman, K., Gunnerson, A., Betts, S., Duran, G., Johnson, C., Mason, C.A., Perry, E., Bhatt, G., Keisman, J.L., Webber, J.S., Harcum, J., Lane, M., Devereux, O., Zhang, Q., Murphy, R., Renee Karrh, Butler, T., and Wei, Z., 2025, Potomac Tributary Summary: A summary of trends in tidal water quality and associated factors, 1985 - 2022, 88 p.","productDescription":"88 p.","ipdsId":"IP-173187","costCenters":[{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science 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We used 42 years (1979–2021) of data to predict daily summary statistics of stream temperature across >50,000 stream reaches in the contiguous United States using a recurrent graph convolution network. We comprehensively documented the performance – both across all reaches and by stream type (e.g., reservoir or groundwater influence) – as a baseline for future improvement. The model showed reach-level RMSE of <2 °C with 90 % prediction intervals that contain 90.7 % of observations. We also assessed how the model captured variability in ecologically relevant metrics (e.g., R2 for annual 7-day maximum = 0.76; R2 for days exceeding 25 °C = 0.75). This model does not outperform state-of-the-art machine learning efforts (e.g., RMSE ≤1.5 °C) due to a limited input set but does provide the most spatially complete modeling to date to support water availability assessments.
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Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":948190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oliver, Samantha K. 0000-0001-5668-1165","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5668-1165","contributorId":211886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oliver","given":"Samantha","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":948191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gorski, Galen 0000-0003-0083-4251","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0083-4251","contributorId":329714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorski","given":"Galen","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":948192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70271129,"text":"70271129 - 2025 - Avian influenza spillover into poultry: Environmental influences and biosecurity protections","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-28T14:54:17.55377","indexId":"70271129","displayToPublicDate":"2025-08-19T07:47:16","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":22340,"text":"One Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Avian influenza spillover into poultry: Environmental influences and biosecurity protections","docAbstract":"With the continued spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), understanding the complex dynamics of virus transfer at the wild – agriculture interface is paramount. Spillover events (i.e., virus transfer from wild birds into poultry) are related to proximity to infected wild bird populations and environmental conditions. By accounting for such dynamics, we can take a combined approach to assess the impacts of biosecurity measures implemented at poultry farms while simultaneously accounting for their local risk levels. We implemented a Bayesian joint-likelihood logistic regression for the Continental U.S. comparing models of spatiotemporal risk according to land use, weather, and predicted waterfowl distributions followed by integrating a farm-level case-control questionnaire dataset focused on identifying trends in HPAI spillover risk associated with a farm's biosecurity practices. We found that estimates of waterfowl abundance, along with mean precipitation and temperature during winter, were most correlated with spatiotemporal HPAI risk. Additionally, we identified multiple biosecurity practices associated with reduced risk to HPAI, where the strongest relationships were related to litter decontamination treatments, vehicle wash stations, and avoiding shared dead-bird disposal sites with other farms. This model broadly guides surveillance of HPAI in wild and domestic populations, identifying when and where we are most likely to see increased instances of the virus while also providing insights into how poultry farms can better protect themselves from risk.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2025.101172","usgsCitation":"Gonnerman, M.B., Mullinax, J., Fox, A., Patyk, K.A., Fields, V., McCool, M., Torchetti, M.K., Lantz, K., Sullivan, J.D., and Prosser, D.J., 2025, Avian influenza spillover into poultry: Environmental influences and biosecurity protections: One Health, v. 21, 101172, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2025.101172.","productDescription":"101172, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178496","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495069,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2025.101172","text":"Publisher Index 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The East Asian–Australasian Flyway plays a crucial role in HPAIV dynamics due to its large populations of migratory waterfowl and poultry. Over recent decades, this flyway has undergone substantial landscape changes, including both losses and gains of waterfowl habitats. These changes can affect waterfowl distributions, increase contact with poultry, and consequently alter ecological conditions that favor avian influenza virus (AIV) evolution. However, limited research has assessed these likely impacts. Here, we integrated empirical data and an individual-based model to simulate AIV transmission in migratory waterfowl and domestic poultry, including wild-to-poultry spillover and reassortment dynamics in poultry, across landscapes representing the years 2000 and 2015. We used the reassortment incidence as a proxy for ecological and transmission conditions that support viral diversification and the emergence of novel subtypes. Our simulations show that landscape change reshaped the waterfowl distribution, facilitated bird aggregation at improved habitats, increased coinfection, and raised reassortment rate by 1,593%, indicating a substantially higher potential for viral diversification and emergence. Model-generated risk maps show expanded and increased reassortment risk in southeastern China, the Yellow River Basin, and northeastern China. These findings suggest the importance of landscape change as a driver of potential AIV diversification and subtype emergence. This underscores the need for interdisciplinary approaches that integrate landscape dynamics, host movement, and viral evolution to better assess and mitigate future risk.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2503427122","usgsCitation":"Yin, S., Zhang, C., Teitelbaum, C.S., Si, Y., Zhang, G., Wang, X., Mao, D., Huangh, Z.Y., de Boer, W.F., Takekawa, J., Prosser, D.J., and Xiao, X., 2025, Landscape changes elevate the risk of avian influenza virus diversification and emergence in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 122, no. 34, e2503427122, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2503427122.","productDescription":"e2503427122, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176107","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":494467,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2503427122","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":494397,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China, Korea, Mongolia, Russia","otherGeospatial":"East Asian–Australasian Flyway","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 75,\n 20\n ],\n [\n 175,\n 20\n ],\n [\n 175,\n 75\n ],\n [\n 75,\n 75\n ],\n [\n 75,\n 20\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"122","issue":"34","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yin, Shenglai","contributorId":223544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yin","given":"Shenglai","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37803,"text":"Wageningen University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhang, Chenchen","contributorId":360042,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Chenchen","affiliations":[{"id":7062,"text":"University of Oklahoma","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Teitelbaum, Claire Stewart 0000-0001-5646-3184","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5646-3184","contributorId":295336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teitelbaum","given":"Claire","email":"","middleInitial":"Stewart","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":946708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Si, Yali","contributorId":223542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Si","given":"Yali","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40738,"text":"Tsinghua University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zhang, Geli","contributorId":206235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Geli","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":946710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wang, Xinxin","contributorId":304701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Xinxin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7062,"text":"University of Oklahoma","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mao, Dehua","contributorId":360045,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mao","given":"Dehua","affiliations":[{"id":32415,"text":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Huangh, Zheng Y.X.","contributorId":360047,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huangh","given":"Zheng","middleInitial":"Y.X.","affiliations":[{"id":79946,"text":"Nanjing Forestry University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"de Boer, Willem Frederik","contributorId":360049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"de Boer","given":"Willem","middleInitial":"Frederik","affiliations":[{"id":37803,"text":"Wageningen University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Takekawa, John","contributorId":330942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","affiliations":[{"id":32931,"text":"USGS - 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Increasing recognition of the importance of the human dimensions of the harvest process, particularly those related to hunters, has motivated calls for the integration of social objectives into waterfowl conservation programs and decision making. We introduce a framework for modeling the dynamics of hunter populations and behavior alongside those of waterfowl populations. Using Bayesian estimation, we fit a dynamic state space model to observational data from the Mid-Continent mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) system over a 20-year period and estimated parameter values for the relative effects of a set of hypothesized drivers of hunter recruitment, retention, reactivation, participation, and success rates. We then made projections across 3 future scenarios to examine the continuation of current trends, the potential effects of a shift to a moderate regulatory framework as informed by expert elicitation, and increased hunter recruitment to maintain a stable hunter population. We found that a theoretical stable state exists for Mid-Continent mallard and hunter populations but that the influence of broader sociocultural shifts and increasing hunter mortality from an aging base pose significant challenges for efforts to stabilize the ongoing decline of active hunter numbers, even under favorable regulatory conditions. This modeling framework and results from it can be used to inform decision processes in the management of game populations that seek to include social objectives and assess the potential trade-offs of prioritizing across social and ecological objectives. We emphasize the need for focused human dimensions expertise throughout the process of fully integrating goals for waterfowl populations, habitats, and people in waterfowl conservation.
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characterized by complex topography and diverse climatic zones with limited in situ observations. This study evaluates the performance of six widely used precipitation datasets, CHIRPS (Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data), ERA5_Land (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts—ECMWF Reanalysis 5_Land), GPCC (Global Precipitation Climatology Centre), IMERG (Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for GPM), PERSIANN (Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks), and TerraClimate, against ground-based data from 2001 to 2023. The evaluation is conducted across multiple spatial scales and temporal resolutions. At the basin scale, most datasets exhibit strong correlations with in situ observations across all temporal scales (r > 0.7), except for PERSIANN, which demonstrates a relatively weaker performance during summer and winter (r < 0.6). All datasets except ERA5_ Land show low annual and monthly bias (<5%), although larger errors are observed during summer, particularly for IMERG and PERSIANN. Dataset performance generally declines with increasing elevation. Basin-wide gridded evaluations reveal distinct spatial variations across all elevation zones, with CHIRPS showing the strongest ability to capture orographic precipitation gradients throughout the basin. All datasets correctly identified 2008 as a drought year and 2016 as a wet year, even though the magnitude and spatial resolution of the anomalies varied among them. These findings highlight the importance of selecting precipitation datasets that are suited to the complex topographic and climatic characteristics of transboundary basins. Our study provides valuable insights for improving hydrological modeling and can be used for water sustainability and flood–drought mitigation support activities in the Ili River Basin.
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A resource selection function evaluated measurable attributes of interest to managers, including elk use of private property and sensitive habitat types at monthly timesteps and varying winter conditions. The study area boundaries were created through an expert elicitation process and consist of the Jackson Elk Herd Unit, Grand Teton National Park, the National Elk Refuge, and the northern third of the Fall Creek Elk Herd Unit. For each of the five alternatives, we distributed monthly elk numbers calculated in a concurrent analysis that simulated chronic wasting disease dynamics in this system for 20 years. Measurable attributes representing potential elk use of (1) private property, (2) cattle properties as an index of Brucella abortus risk, and sensitive habitats consisting of (3) Populus tremuloides Michx. (quaking aspen), (4) Populus angustifolia E. James (narrowleaf cottonwood), and (5) Salix L. (willow) in core winter use areas all closely followed the declines of elk abundance projected by the elk chronic wasting disease model. After 20 years, the continue feeding alternative ranked most favorably in terms of limiting elk days on private property and reducing brucellosis risk from elk to cattle because this alternative concentrated elk on the National Elk Refuge and resulted in the lowest elk population sizes. However, other management alternatives, including increase harvest and reduce feeding, tended to limit elk use of sensitive quaking aspen, narrowleaf cottonwood, and willow habitats during winter (December–April).
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Decision analysis in support of the National Elk Refuge Bison and Elk Management Plan","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255076C","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Park Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and Wyoming Game and Fish Department","programNote":"Ecosystems Mission Area—Biological Threats & Invasive Species Research Program and the Species Management Research Program","usgsCitation":"Cotterill, G.G., Cross, P.C., Cole, E.K., Cook, J.D., McEachran, M.C., and Graves, T.A., 2025, Evaluating elk distribution and conflict under proposed management alternatives at the National Elk Refuge in Jackson, Wyoming, chap. C of Cook, J.D., and Cross, P.C., eds., Decision analysis in support of the National Elk Refuge bison and elk management plan: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5076, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255076C. [Supersedes USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2024–5119.]","productDescription":"Report: vii, 32 p.; Software Release","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":494123,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5076/c/sir20255076C.XML","description":"SIR 2025-5076 C XML"},{"id":494138,"rank":6,"type":{"id":35,"text":"Software Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1486NQE","text":"USGS software release","linkHelpText":"- Supporting code for—Evaluating elk distribution and conflict under proposed management alternatives at the National Elk Refuge in Jackson, Wyoming (version 2.0)"},{"id":494120,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5076/c/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":494121,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5076/c/sir20255076C.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.58 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5076 C PDF"},{"id":494124,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5076/c/images"},{"id":494122,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255076C/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025-5076 C HTML"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"National Elk Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.78225266437141,\n 43.46790181387567\n ],\n [\n -110.72445411600302,\n 43.480764457816235\n ],\n [\n -110.70981181708308,\n 43.502568770827935\n ],\n [\n -110.6897749869821,\n 43.51262964481907\n ],\n [\n -110.6628023310768,\n 43.52213004158219\n ],\n [\n -110.64353614828745,\n 43.53665716685947\n ],\n [\n -110.62349931818646,\n 43.55620738705895\n ],\n [\n -110.5972973095928,\n 43.598637460483474\n ],\n [\n -110.59883860421601,\n 43.62653567653447\n ],\n [\n -110.6520132687147,\n 43.62207283164909\n ],\n [\n -110.6897749869821,\n 43.60477617840215\n ],\n [\n -110.73216058911865,\n 43.56458411181504\n ],\n [\n -110.74680288803886,\n 43.517100606095084\n ],\n [\n -110.76067453964718,\n 43.50480466552287\n ],\n [\n -110.78225266437141,\n 43.46790181387567\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Center Director, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
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The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service National Elk Refuge (NER) in Jackson, Wyoming, supplementally feeds Cervus elaphus canadensis (elk) and Bison bison (American bison) during winter months, but the costs and benefits of this management strategy are being reevaluated considering the potential effects of chronic wasting disease (CWD) on elk. U.S. Geological Survey scientists worked with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service on a structured decision-making process that considered five alternative feeding strategies and their effects on bison, elk, and humans. This chapter focuses on elk population dynamics and CWD using computer models. Our modeling results highlight a short-versus long-term tradeoff between the continue feeding and no feeding alternatives. Management alternatives associated with a cessation of supplemental feeding were assumed to make elk more susceptible to severe winters, resulting in initially lower population sizes and less CWD transmission. The increased CWD prevalence and transmission associated with the continue feeding alternative resulted in lower elk population sizes by year 20 (mean=6,700, standard deviation=1,600 in the analysis area) in 70 percent of simulations compared to no feeding (mean=8,400, standard deviation=1,500). No feeding alternatives resulted in higher elk populations than the continue feeding alternative between years 7 and 13 when CWD prevalence exceeded 20 percent in the Jackson elk herd. The increased harvest alternative minimized CWD and natural mortality in 83 out of 100 simulations compared to the continue feeding alternative.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Decision analysis in support of the National Elk Refuge Bison and Elk Management Plan","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255076B","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Park Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and Wyoming Game and Fish Department","programNote":"Ecosystems Mission Area—Biological Threats & Invasive Species Program and the Environmental Health Program","usgsCitation":"Cross, P.C., Cook, J.D., and Cole, E.K., 2025, Predictions of elk and chronic wasting disease dynamics at the National Elk Refuge in Jackson, Wyoming, and surrounding areas, chap. B of Cook, J.D., and Cross, P.C., eds., Decision analysis in support of the National Elk Refuge bison and elk management plan: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5076, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255076B. [Supersedes USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2024–5119.]","productDescription":"Report: vi, 22 p.; Software Release","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":494164,"rank":6,"type":{"id":35,"text":"Software Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13PPHA9","text":"USGS software release","linkHelpText":"- Software code for simulating elk and chronic wasting disease dynamics on the National Elk Refuge (version 2.0)"},{"id":494126,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5076/b/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":494140,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5076/b/sir20255076B.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.51 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5076B PDF"},{"id":494141,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255076B/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025-5076B HTML"},{"id":494142,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5076/b/sir20255076B.XML","description":"SIR 2025-5076B XML"},{"id":494143,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5076/b/images"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"National Elk Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.78225266437141,\n 43.46790181387567\n ],\n [\n -110.72445411600302,\n 43.480764457816235\n ],\n [\n -110.70981181708308,\n 43.502568770827935\n ],\n [\n -110.6897749869821,\n 43.51262964481907\n ],\n [\n -110.6628023310768,\n 43.52213004158219\n ],\n [\n -110.64353614828745,\n 43.53665716685947\n ],\n [\n -110.62349931818646,\n 43.55620738705895\n ],\n [\n -110.5972973095928,\n 43.598637460483474\n ],\n [\n -110.59883860421601,\n 43.62653567653447\n ],\n [\n -110.6520132687147,\n 43.62207283164909\n ],\n [\n -110.6897749869821,\n 43.60477617840215\n ],\n [\n -110.73216058911865,\n 43.56458411181504\n ],\n [\n -110.74680288803886,\n 43.517100606095084\n ],\n [\n -110.76067453964718,\n 43.50480466552287\n ],\n [\n -110.78225266437141,\n 43.46790181387567\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Center Director, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
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This chapter presents a description and quantitative evaluation of a collaborative alternative (alternative D) focused on near-term elk population reduction and chronic wasting disease (CWD) monitoring as part of winter elk and bison feedground operations on the National Elk Refuge adjacent to Jackson, Wyoming. Alternative D was developed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the lead agency of an Environmental Impact Statement, in consultation with cooperating agencies, including the National Park Service, U.S. Forest Service, and Wyoming Game and Fish Department. In evaluating alternative D, the U.S. Geological Survey considered four distinct scenarios that incorporated whether the agencies were able to meet their elk population reduction goals, and the effects of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service stopping feeding after CWD prevalence was measured at or above 7 percent in the Jackson Elk Herd Unit. The modeled scenarios in which the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service stopped feeding elk at 7 percent CWD prevalence had higher elk population sizes and generally lower CWD prevalence overall at the end of the 20-year simulation period. Further, three of the four alternative D scenarios resulted in fewer elk-use days on sensitive aspen, willow, and cottonwood habitat types compared to continuing to feed; the 7 percent CWD trigger scenario resulted in higher elk-use days on cottonwood and willow habitats compared to continued feeding, but fewer elk-use days on aspen habitats. When considering brucellosis risk, alternative D scenarios without the 7 percent CWD stop feeding trigger had lower risk than the alternative that stopped feeding elk immediately.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Decision analysis in support of the National Elk Refuge Bison and Elk Management Plan","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255076F","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Park Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and Wyoming Game and Fish Department","programNote":"Ecosystems Mission Area—Biological Threats & Invasive Species Program, and the Environmental Health Program","usgsCitation":"Cook, J.D., Cotterill, G.G., Cole, E.K., and Cross, P.C., 2025, Predictions of Elk, Chronic Wasting Disease Dynamics, and Socioeconomics Under Alternative D at the National Elk Refuge in Jackson, Wyoming, and Surrounding Areas, chap. F of Cook, J.D., and Cross, P.C., eds., Decision Analysis in Support of the National Elk Refuge Bison and Elk Management Plan: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5076, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255076F.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 9 p.; 4 Software Releases","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":494111,"rank":9,"type":{"id":35,"text":"Software Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1DZS7MW","text":"USGS software release","linkHelpText":"- Socioeconomic effects of bison and elk management alternatives on National Elk Refuge"},{"id":494110,"rank":8,"type":{"id":35,"text":"Software Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13PPHA9","text":"USGS software release","linkHelpText":"- Software code for simulating elk and chronic wasting disease dynamics on the National Elk Refuge (version 2.0)"},{"id":494109,"rank":7,"type":{"id":35,"text":"Software Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1486NQE","text":"USGS software release","linkHelpText":"- Supporting code for—Evaluating elk distribution and conflict under proposed management alternatives at the National Elk Refuge in Jackson, Wyoming (version 2.0)"},{"id":494108,"rank":6,"type":{"id":35,"text":"Software Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1QZGZSN","text":"USGS software release","linkHelpText":"- Jackson bison population projections"},{"id":494010,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5076/f/images/"},{"id":494009,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5076/f/sir20255076F.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"SIR 2025-5076 F XML"},{"id":494008,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255076F/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025-5076 F HTML"},{"id":494007,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5076/f/sir20255076F.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.05 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5076 F PDF"},{"id":494006,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5076/f/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"National Elk Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.78225266437141,\n 43.46790181387567\n ],\n [\n -110.72445411600302,\n 43.480764457816235\n ],\n [\n -110.70981181708308,\n 43.502568770827935\n ],\n [\n -110.6897749869821,\n 43.51262964481907\n ],\n [\n -110.6628023310768,\n 43.52213004158219\n ],\n [\n -110.64353614828745,\n 43.53665716685947\n ],\n [\n -110.62349931818646,\n 43.55620738705895\n ],\n [\n -110.5972973095928,\n 43.598637460483474\n ],\n [\n -110.59883860421601,\n 43.62653567653447\n ],\n [\n -110.6520132687147,\n 43.62207283164909\n ],\n [\n -110.6897749869821,\n 43.60477617840215\n ],\n [\n -110.73216058911865,\n 43.56458411181504\n ],\n [\n -110.74680288803886,\n 43.517100606095084\n ],\n [\n -110.76067453964718,\n 43.50480466552287\n ],\n [\n -110.78225266437141,\n 43.46790181387567\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Center Director, Eastern Ecological Science Center
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Laurel, MD 20708-4039
Bison bison were once abundant across North America but declined due to overharvesting in the late 1800s. The reintroduced population in and around Jackson, Wyoming has averaged 485 individuals between 2018–2023 and is the subject of a planning process to inform management strategies that will guide the U.S. Fish and Wildlife’s next “Bison and Elk Management Plan” for the National Elk Refuge. This small population may benefit from historical winter-feeding operations on the National Elk Refuge because those operations may increase overwinter survival and limit human-bison conflicts, which are the number of individual bison that engage in nuisance, damaging, or otherwise aggressive behaviors with humans and livestock, that may lead to culling and other sources of mortality (for example, vehicle collisions). To inform the next “Bison and Elk Management Plan,” the U.S. Geological Survey used a population model to evaluate five management alternatives for bison and Cervus elaphus canadensis feedground operations that included continuing the elk and bison feeding program, immediately stopping the feeding program, and three other alternatives that would phase out the feeding program after a period of time. The results indicate that the bison population would be expected to decline over the next 20 years under all alternatives that stop feeding bison on the refuge. Further, this decline would lead to an associated reduction in bison harvest opportunities for resident, nonresident, and Tribal hunters. Finally, human-bison conflicts would also be expected to increase under the no feeding alternatives because bison may venture onto private lands in greater numbers if feed is not provisioned during winter months. In combination, these results suggest that feeding may lead to better outcomes for bison over the next 20 years; however, these effects may be traded off against other downsides of the feedground program, such as increased rates of animal-to-animal contact on feedgrounds that can lead to disease transmission.
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U.S. Geological Survey
12100 Beech Forest Rd., Ste 4039
Laurel, MD 20708-4039
Premise
Clonality, a form of asexual reproduction and spread, is common among invasive plants, though sexual reproduction via seeds is often still important for their long-range dispersal. In small populations, clonality has been hypothesized to interfere with sexual reproduction by limiting outcrossing opportunities of a plant.
Methods
We developed a structural equation model based on estimates of genetic diversity and seed production of Lepidium draba, a problematic invasive clonal plant, at 26 sites in Colorado to test whether site characteristics relating to small founder populations resulted in low genetic diversity and sexual reproduction. The next year, in pollen supplementation experiments at six sites (three with high genetic diversity, three with low), we tested whether populations with low genetic diversity were limited by non-self pollen.
Results
Large populations and populations associated with rivers tended to have higher genetic diversity. Percentage seed fill and total seed production were considerably higher at sites with higher genetic diversity. At populations with low genetic diversity, supplementation with pollen from outside of the site, but not from within the site, increased seed production. At populations with high genetic diversity, pollen supplementation from off-site did not increase seed production.
Conclusions
Our study shows that, in low-diversity populations that are dominated by a few large clones, L. draba produces few seeds compared to high-diversity populations and that this appears to be due to limited availability of non-self pollen. The data indicate that low genetic diversity decreases sexual reproduction, which may greatly reduce long-distance dispersal from these populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Botanical Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ajb2.70083","usgsCitation":"Pearse, I.S., Becker, Z., Ode, P.J., Gaskin, J., and West, N., 2025, Low genetic diversity in populations of a clonal invasive plant limits sexual reproduction: American Journal of Botany, v. 112, no. 8, e70083, https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.70083.","productDescription":"e70083","ipdsId":"IP-173965","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498042,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.70083","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":497201,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","volume":"112","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearse, Ian S. 0000-0001-7098-0495","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7098-0495","contributorId":216680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearse","given":"Ian","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Becker, Zoe","contributorId":248271,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Becker","given":"Zoe","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ode, Paul J.","contributorId":197314,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ode","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":951719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gaskin, John F.","contributorId":224961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gaskin","given":"John F.","affiliations":[{"id":41006,"text":"USDA ARS, Sidney, MT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"West, Natalie","contributorId":293501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"West","given":"Natalie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6758,"text":"USDA-ARS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}