Fragmentation isolates individuals and restricts access to valuable habitat with severe consequences for populations, such as reduced gene flow, disruption of recolonization dynamics, reduced resiliency to disturbance, and changes in aquatic community structure. Translocations to mitigate the effects of fragmentation and habitat loss are common, but few are rigorously evaluated, particularly for fishes. Over six years, we translocated 1215 individuals of four species of imperiled fish isolated below a barrier on the San Juan River, Utah, USA, that restricts access to upstream habitat. We used re-encounter data (both passive integrated transponder tag and telemetry detections and physical recaptures) collected between 2016 and 2023, to inform a spatially explicit multistate mark–recapture model that estimated survival and transition probabilities of translocated and non-translocated individuals, both below and above the barrier. Individuals of all four species moved large (>200 km) distances upstream following translocation, with the maximum upstream encounter distance varying by species. Results from the multistate mark–recapture model suggested translocated fish survived at a higher rate compared with non-translocated fish below the barrier for three of the four species. Above the barrier, translocated individuals survived at similar rates as non-translocated fish for bluehead sucker (Catostomus discobolus) and flannelmouth sucker (Catostomus latipinnis), while survival rates of translocated endangered Colorado pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus lucius; mean, 95% CI: 0.75, 0.55–0.88) and endangered razorback sucker (Xyrauchen texanus; 0.86, 0.75–0.92) were higher relative to non-translocated individuals (Colorado pikeminnow: 0.52, 0.51–0.54; razorback sucker: 0.75, 0.74–0.75). Transition probabilities from above the barrier to below the barrier were generally low for three of the four species (all upper 95% CI ≤ 0.23), but they were substantially higher for razorback sucker. Our results suggest translocation to mitigate fragmentation and habitat loss can have demographic benefits for large-river fish species by allowing movements necessary to complete their life history in heterogeneous riverscapes. Further, given the costs or delays in providing engineered fish passage structures or in achieving dam removal, we suggest translocations may provide an alternative conservation strategy in fragmented river systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4874","usgsCitation":"Pennock, C., Healy, B.D., Bogaard, M.R., McKinstry, M.C., Gido, K.B., Cathcart, C.N., and Hines, B., 2024, Translocation in a fragmented river provides demographic benefits for imperiled fishes: Ecosphere, v. 15, no. 5, e4874, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4874.","productDescription":"e4874, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-157286","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439600,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4874","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":428797,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, New Mexico, Utah","otherGeospatial":"San Juan River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.19795244457669,\n 37.464337921724805\n ],\n [\n -110.39339902199882,\n 37.464337921724805\n ],\n [\n -110.39339902199882,\n 36.58940165978096\n ],\n [\n -107.19795244457669,\n 36.58940165978096\n ],\n [\n -107.19795244457669,\n 37.464337921724805\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pennock, Casey A.","contributorId":287044,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pennock","given":"Casey A.","affiliations":[{"id":28050,"text":"USU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Healy, Brian D. 0000-0002-4402-638X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4402-638X","contributorId":304257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"Brian","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":900990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bogaard, Matthew R.","contributorId":317815,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bogaard","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12438,"text":"Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKinstry, Mark C.","contributorId":301155,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKinstry","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":65322,"text":"Upper Colorado Regional Office","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gido, Keith B.","contributorId":198487,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gido","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":900993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cathcart, C. Nathan","contributorId":214105,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cathcart","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Nathan","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hines, Brian","contributorId":336773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hines","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":80857,"text":"U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Upper Colorado Regional Office, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70254879,"text":"70254879 - 2024 - Geochemical and geochronologic evidence for a contiguous northeastern Wyoming Province","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-10T14:23:07.364235","indexId":"70254879","displayToPublicDate":"2024-05-11T09:09:14","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3112,"text":"Precambrian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical and geochronologic evidence for a contiguous northeastern Wyoming Province","docAbstract":"The extent and nature of the Wyoming Province, an Archean craton in southwestern Laurentia, are poorly understood due to limited exposure between spatially isolated basement-cored uplifts. This lack of exposure has led to debate about whether the northeastern Wyoming Province is underlain by contiguous Archean crust or Proterozoic rocks and suture zone associated with the Trans-Hudson orogeny. To assess these models we analyzed samples recovered from drill cores in the buried northeastern Wyoming Province that straddle the proposed Proterozoic suture. Whole-rock geochemical and Nd-Pb-O isotopic data suggest the rocks formed by partial melting of > 3.5 Ga hydrated mafic to tonalitic sources similar to elsewhere in the northern Wyoming Province. Zircon U-Pb dates record Mesoarchean magmatism and metamorphism (3.0–2.8 Ga). Published whole-rock Rb-Sr, hornblende and biotite K-Ar, and apatite fission track dates suggest these rocks have not been heated above 300 °C since 2.5–2.1 Ga. Geophysical potential field data are consistent across northeastern Wyoming contrasting with major discontinuities associated with documented Proterozoic orogens on all other margins of the Wyoming Province. Hence, geochemical, isotopic, and geochronologic data along with geophysical imaging can be most simply interpreted in terms of continuous Archean crust in the northeastern Wyoming Province. A geophysically-imaged reflector east of the Bighorn Mountains may juxtapose Archean terranes with similar ages and sources, similar to the boundary between the Montana metasedimentary terrane and Beartooth-Bighorn magmatic zone in the northwestern Wyoming Province. This work emphasizes the value of integrating geologic and geophysical constraints to constrain Archean provinces and their tectonic evolution.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2024.107419","usgsCitation":"Hillenbrand, I.W., Gilmer, A.K., Souders, A., and Bindeman, I.N., 2024, Geochemical and geochronologic evidence for a contiguous northeastern Wyoming Province: Precambrian Research, v. 407, 107419, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2024.107419.","productDescription":"107419, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-160491","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488283,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2024.107419","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":434962,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13B3LZ9","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data release of zircon U-Pb geochronology and whole-rock isotope geochemistry for drill core samples from Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, and Wyoming"},{"id":429747,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -115,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -115,\n 40.5\n ],\n [\n -102,\n 40.5\n ],\n [\n -102,\n 49\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"407","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hillenbrand, Ian William 0000-0003-2801-3674","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2801-3674","contributorId":299032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hillenbrand","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilmer, Amy K. 0000-0001-5038-8136","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5038-8136","contributorId":218307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmer","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Souders, Amanda Kate 0000-0002-1367-8924","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1367-8924","contributorId":296423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Souders","given":"Amanda Kate","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bindeman, Ilya N.","contributorId":175500,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bindeman","given":"Ilya","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70259404,"text":"70259404 - 2024 - Pulsing in the Ahu‘ailaʻau pond-spillway system during the 2018 Kilauea Eruption: A dynamical systems perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-07T14:57:01.33837","indexId":"70259404","displayToPublicDate":"2024-05-10T09:53:16","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2290,"text":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Pulsing in the Ahu‘ailāʻau Pond-Spillway System during the 2018 Kīlauea Eruption: A dynamical systems perspective","title":"Pulsing in the Ahu‘ailaʻau pond-spillway system during the 2018 Kilauea Eruption: A dynamical systems perspective","docAbstract":"During the 2018 K
Managing aquatic ecosystems for people and nature can be improved by collaboration among scientists, managers, decision-makers, and other stakeholders. Many collaborative and interdisciplinary approaches have been developed to address the management of freshwater ecosystems; however, there are still barriers to overcome. We worked as part of a regional stakeholder group comprising municipal water utility operators, conservation organizations, academic partners, and other stakeholders to understand the effects of low-flow and drought on ecological functions of the upper Flint River, Georgia (USA), a free-flowing river important for municipal water supply, recreation, and native biota. We used published literature and locally targeted studies to identify quantitative flow targets that could be used to inform water management and drought planning. Drawing from principles of Translational Ecology, we relied on an iterative process to develop information needs for the group and maintained communication and engagement throughout data collection, analysis, and synthesis. We identified three quantitative flow benchmarks to evaluate the ecological impacts of drought in the river. The results were valuable to both the water utilities represented in the working group and State regional water planning, which is used to guide water management strategies and permitting for the basin. We identified principles that were important for the successful engagement in the working group and helped to overcome the challenge of working across sectors and without direct authority guiding the implementation of our work. Interdisciplinary work and creative solutions are crucial to plan for and adapt to greater pressure on our water resources.
The great 1957 Aleutian Islands earthquake ruptured ∼1200 km of the plate boundary along the Aleutian subduction zone and produced a destructive tsunami across Hawaiʻi. Early seismic and tsunami analyses indicated that large megathrust fault slip was concentrated in the western Aleutian Islands, but tsunami waves generated by slip in the west cannot explain the large observed runup in Hawaiʻi far to the southeast. Recently mapped 1957 geologic deposits on eastern Aleutian Islands suggest occurrence of very large nearby slip. Jointly modeling tsunami runup along the eastern Aleutian and Hawaiian Islands together with tide gauge recordings across the Pacific resolves 12-26 m shallow slip along 600 km of the eastern Aleutian Islands in addition to modest, deeper western slip inferred from seismic records. The eastern near-trench slip results in an MW 8.3-8.6 tsunami earthquake component of the MW 8.6-8.8 rupture, comparable in size to the adjacent 1946 Aleutian tsunami earthquake to the east. The reexamination of the 1957 rupture confirms the tsunami hazards posed by the eastern Aleutian subduction zone to Hawaiʻi and lays the groundwork for investigation of large prehistoric earthquakes through modeling tsunami runup inferred from stratigraphic observations to constrain their rupture processes.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration","collaboration":"USGS","usgsCitation":"Lederer, G.W., Jones, J.V., McPhee, D., Mauk, J.L., Seal,, R., Campbell, K.M., Hammarstrom, J.M., Bedrosian, P.A., Macqueen, P.G., Graham, G.E., Solano, F., Case, G.N., and Pineault, D.G., 2024, Annual review 2023: Critical minerals: Mining Engineering, v. 76, no. 5, p. 29-42.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"42","ipdsId":"IP-163752","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and 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III 0000-0002-6602-5935 jvjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6602-5935","contributorId":201245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"jvjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McPhee, Darcy 0000-0002-5177-3068 dmcphee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5177-3068","contributorId":2621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPhee","given":"Darcy","email":"dmcphee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":412,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mauk, Jeffrey L. 0000-0002-6244-2774 jmauk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6244-2774","contributorId":4101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mauk","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jmauk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Seal,, Robert R. II 0000-0003-0901-2529 rseal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0901-2529","contributorId":141204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seal,","given":"Robert R.","suffix":"II","email":"rseal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Campbell, Kate M. 0000-0002-8715-5544 kcampbell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8715-5544","contributorId":1441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Kate","email":"kcampbell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hammarstrom, Jane M. 0000-0003-2742-3460 jhammars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2742-3460","contributorId":1226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammarstrom","given":"Jane","email":"jhammars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bedrosian, Paul A. 0000-0002-6786-1038 pbedrosian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-1038","contributorId":839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrosian","given":"Paul","email":"pbedrosian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Macqueen, Patricia Grace 0000-0001-7692-3416","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7692-3416","contributorId":337137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macqueen","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"Grace","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Graham, Garth E. 0000-0003-0657-0365 ggraham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-0365","contributorId":1031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Garth","email":"ggraham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Solano, Federico 0000-0002-0308-5850","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0308-5850","contributorId":213145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solano","given":"Federico","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Case, George N.D. 0000-0001-9826-5661 gcase@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9826-5661","contributorId":224941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Case","given":"George","email":"gcase@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.D.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Pineault, David George 0000-0003-3613-2497","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3613-2497","contributorId":337568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pineault","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"George","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70270998,"text":"70270998 - 2024 - Thick- and thin-skinned contractional styles and the tectonic evolution of the northern Sangre de Cristo Mountains, Colorado, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-27T13:49:11.414989","indexId":"70270998","displayToPublicDate":"2024-04-30T08:39:22","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thick- and thin-skinned contractional styles and the tectonic evolution of the northern Sangre de Cristo Mountains, Colorado, USA","docAbstract":"The Sangre de Cristo Mountains of southern Colorado and northern New Mexico, USA, contain an unusual combination of thick- and thin-skinned contractional structures involving both basement and cover rocks in the Laramide Rocky Mountain foreland. These structures are truncated by down-faulted extensional basins to the east and west. Together with synorogenic sediments, these structures preserve a record of the rise of the Ancestral Rocky Mountains, the Laramide orogeny, and Rio Grande rifting. Laramide structures within the mountains provide clues to processes that link the three events and to necessary conditions for thin-skinned and thick-skinned contractional structures to form together in continental interiors.
To examine the full variety of structural styles, a portion of the northern Sangre de Cristo fold- and-thrust belt in Colorado was described and interpreted using geologic maps and structural cross-sections. Stratigraphic relations of the Ancestral Rocky Mountain highlands and basin fill were reconstructed from existing maps. These relations allow identification of faults inherited from the Ancestral Rocky Mountains, differentiation of thrust sheets, and in some cases, estimation of the magnitude of displacement. To examine relations between Laramide thrusts and Rio Grande rifting, kinematic data were collected from a thrust fault adjacent to rift faults.
Three thrust fault styles were recognized: thin-skinned basement, thin-skinned cover rocks, and thick-skinned basement. Thin-skinned thrusts arising from a hinterland beneath the present San Luis Valley carried sheets of Proterozoic basement rocks northeast over a Laramide foreland. These basement thrusts are interpreted to be faults of the Ancestral Rocky Mountains that reactivated during the Laramide orogeny. The Laramide foreland consists of thin-skinned thrusts and folds in sedimentary cover rocks as young as 49 Ma. Both thin-skinned thrusts in basement and cover rocks are bounded by thick-skinned basement thrusts that moved intermittently throughout the Laramide orogeny.
We infer that thin-skinned thrusts form in continental interiors where deformation is focused in weak strata of thick basin fill and in fluid-reaction weakened preexisting faults in basement rocks. Both conditions are met in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains. Basement thrusts adjacent to the San Luis Valley contain evidence of plastic contractional microstructures overprinted by extensional microstructures that may record the transition from Laramide contraction to Rio Grande extension of the crust.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.1130/GES02635.1","usgsCitation":"Lindsey, D.A., and Caine, J., 2024, Thick- and thin-skinned contractional styles and the tectonic evolution of the northern Sangre de Cristo Mountains, Colorado, USA: Geosphere, v. 20, no. 3, p. 678-710, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02635.1.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"678","endPage":"710","ipdsId":"IP-147576","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495064,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges02635.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":494940,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"northern Sangre de Cristo Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.75,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -105.75,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -105.25,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -105.25,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -105.75,\n 38\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindsey, David A. 0000-0002-9466-0899 dlindsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9466-0899","contributorId":773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindsey","given":"David","email":"dlindsey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":947462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caine, Jonathan Saul 0000-0002-7269-6989 jscaine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-6989","contributorId":199295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caine","given":"Jonathan Saul","email":"jscaine@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":947463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70253898,"text":"70253898 - 2024 - Genetic structure of restored Brook Trout populations in the Southern Appalachian Mountains indicates successful reintroductions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-15T15:03:38.550959","indexId":"70253898","displayToPublicDate":"2024-04-24T08:48:15","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic structure of restored Brook Trout populations in the Southern Appalachian Mountains indicates successful reintroductions","docAbstract":"Wildlife reintroduction is an important conservation tool for threatened species, yet identifying appropriate source populations poses a challenge. In particular, the possibility of outbreeding depression is cited as a constraint limiting the range of candidate source populations for translocation. When multiple source lineages are mixed during reintroduction, genetic monitoring is necessary to evaluate whether sources contribute equally to subsequent generations and whether they are interbreeding as expected. Moreover, statistical analysis of genetic data should account for complex life histories that might affect the timescale of admixture and genetic drift. Here, we use samples collected over a 23-year period and a stochastic age-structured model to analyze the genetic mixing process in reintroduced Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations in the Southern Appalachians. Each restored population was seeded with two to three source populations. Previous research inferred reproductive isolation between source populations leading to a proposal of splitting the species into multiple taxa. In contrast, we found patterns of ancestry that were consistent with random mating and no advantage for one source lineage over any other. Brook Trout from different source streams are mixing as expected in the restoration sites. This result does not support the hypothesis that Brook Trout in the Southern Appalachian Mountains includes several distinct species. Mixing different sources from the same watershed seems to be an effective way to increase genetic diversity of reintroduced populations while minimizing risk to source populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10592-024-01620-y","usgsCitation":"Smith, R.J., Kazyak, D.C., Kulp, M.A., Lubinski, B.A., and Fitzpatrick, B.M., 2024, Genetic structure of restored Brook Trout populations in the Southern Appalachian Mountains indicates successful reintroductions: Conservation Genetics, v. 25, p. 1007-1020, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-024-01620-y.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1007","endPage":"1020","ipdsId":"IP-158952","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":428350,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Great Smoky Mountains National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.90629478474587,\n 35.85116809750147\n ],\n [\n -84.21639200734252,\n 35.85116809750147\n ],\n [\n -84.21639200734252,\n 35.2665417042201\n ],\n [\n -82.90629478474587,\n 35.2665417042201\n ],\n [\n -82.90629478474587,\n 35.85116809750147\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Rebecca J.","contributorId":229064,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":41574,"text":"National Park Service, Yellowstone National Park, PO Box 168, 22 Stable Street, Yellowstone National Park, WY, 82190, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kazyak, David C. 0000-0001-9860-4045","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9860-4045","contributorId":140409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kazyak","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":900032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kulp, Matt A.","contributorId":196801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kulp","given":"Matt","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35484,"text":"National Park Service, Great Smoky Mountains National Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lubinski, Barbara A. 0000-0003-3568-2569","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3568-2569","contributorId":202483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lubinski","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":900034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, Benjamin M.","contributorId":336140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":80760,"text":"1. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70253193,"text":"70253193 - 2024 - Spatiotemporal patterns in habitat use of natal and non-natal adult Atlantic sturgeon in two spawning rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-26T12:11:30.607528","indexId":"70253193","displayToPublicDate":"2024-04-24T07:07:17","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatiotemporal patterns in habitat use of natal and non-natal adult Atlantic sturgeon in two spawning rivers","docAbstract":"Monitoring movement across an organism’s ontogeny is often challenging, particularly for long-lived or wide-ranging species. When empirical data are unavailable, general knowledge about species’ ecology may be used to make assumptions about habitat use across space or time. However, inferences about habitat use based on population-level ecology may overlook important eco-evolutionary contributions from individuals with heterogenous ethologies and could diminish the efficacy of conservation and management.
We analyzed over a decade of acoustic telemetry data to understand individual differences in habitat use of federally endangered adult Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser o. oxyrinchus) in the Delaware and Hudson rivers during spawning season. In particular, we sought to understand whether sex or natal origin could predict patterns in habitat use, as there is a long-held assumption that adult Atlantic sturgeon seldom stray into non-natal rivers.
In both rivers, migration timing, spawning habitat occupancy, and maximum upstream migration distance were similar between natal and non-natal individuals. While non-natal individuals represented only 13% of fish detected in the Hudson River, nearly half of all tagged fish detected in the Delaware River were non-natal and generally occupied freshwater habitats longer than natal individuals. In both systems males had more heterogenous patterns of habitat use and longer duration of occupancy than did females.
This study demonstrates the importance of non-natal rivers for fulfilling ontogenetic habitat requirements in Atlantic sturgeon. Our results may also highlight an opportunity to improve conservation and management by extending habitat designations to account for more heterogenous patterns in individual habitat use in non-natal freshwater environments.
Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) are non-indigenous to North America having been translocated to the United States in the 1960s as a potential non-chemical solution for nuisance aquatic vegetation. Reproductively viable grass carp now exist in many watersheds in the United States. In the Great Lakes basin, grass carp were first discovered in the 1980s with direct confirmation of successful reproduction in 2015 via collection of fertilized grass carp eggs in the Sandusky River. Early life stage monitoring also confirmed reproduction in the Maumee River in 2017. During 2018–2021, no new spawning tributaries were discovered (18 total sampling events in five Great Lakes tributaries). In 2022, fourteen eggs with characteristics similar to grass carp were identified from the Huron River which is a tributary to Lake Erie’s Central Basin. Eggs were identified to species via DNA sequencing and were determined to be grass carp eggs. The confirmation of spawning in the Huron River represents a third spawning tributary in the Lake Erie basin and expands eastward the geographic extent of known grass carp spawning locations. Presently, the ability of the Huron River to support hatching and survival of larval grass carp is unknown. Discovery of the Huron River as a grass carp spawning tributary identifies the value of continued surveillance in Great Lakes tributaries for early life stages and conducting scientific inquiries evaluating the consistency of tributary use and survival of early life stages.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2024.102350","usgsCitation":"Hilling, C.D., Landry, A.J., Roberts, J., Thompson, N., Richter, C.A., Brown, R.E., Mayer, C.M., and Qian, S.S., 2024, First documentation of grass carp spawning in Lake Erie’s Central Basin: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 50, no. 3, 102350, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2024.102350.","productDescription":"102350, 6 p.","ipdsId":"IP-161657","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":434978,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P14HMDBT","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) Egg Diameter Estimates from the Huron River (Ohio), 2022"},{"id":428068,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Huron River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.4658080331037,\n 41.43488681145024\n ],\n [\n -82.75342636612123,\n 41.43488681145024\n ],\n [\n -82.75342636612123,\n 41.027155764237335\n ],\n [\n -82.4658080331037,\n 41.027155764237335\n ],\n [\n -82.4658080331037,\n 41.43488681145024\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"50","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hilling, Corbin David 0000-0003-4040-9516","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4040-9516","contributorId":298946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hilling","given":"Corbin","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":899394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landry, Adam J.","contributorId":335743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Landry","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":51831,"text":"Contractor to USGS Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":899395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roberts, James J. 0000-0002-4193-610X jroberts@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4193-610X","contributorId":5453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"James","email":"jroberts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":899396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thompson, Nathan 0000-0002-1372-6340 nthompson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1372-6340","contributorId":196133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Nathan","email":"nthompson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":899397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Richter, Cathy A. 0000-0001-7322-4206 crichter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7322-4206","contributorId":1878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richter","given":"Cathy","email":"crichter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":899398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brown, Ryan E.","contributorId":332137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12455,"text":"University of Toledo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":899399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mayer, Christine M.","contributorId":203271,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mayer","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12455,"text":"University of Toledo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":899400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Qian, Song S. 0000-0002-2346-4903","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2346-4903","contributorId":306033,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Qian","given":"Song","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":62440,"text":"Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":899401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70264848,"text":"70264848 - 2024 - Collaborative mapping and characterization offshore of the Hawaiian Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-26T14:44:33.344117","indexId":"70264848","displayToPublicDate":"2024-04-18T09:41:32","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"title":"Collaborative mapping and characterization offshore of the Hawaiian Islands","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Ocean Exploration Trust 2023 field season","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"language":"English","doi":"10.62878/vud148","usgsCitation":"Mueller, M., Morrison, C., Sowers, D., and Romanek, C., 2024, Collaborative mapping and characterization offshore of the Hawaiian Islands, 3 p., https://doi.org/10.62878/vud148.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"60","endPage":"62","ipdsId":"IP-162348","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":483872,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.79226809491234,\n 18.85892200077457\n ],\n [\n -156.72514139674018,\n 20.25295786943228\n ],\n [\n -157.5120022734238,\n 21.09913250792914\n ],\n [\n -158.17224185960652,\n 18.014414343272335\n ],\n [\n -158.02753181331997,\n 17.10038293098839\n ],\n [\n -156.03776867687873,\n 17.04850850228614\n ],\n [\n -155.79226809491234,\n 18.85892200077457\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mueller, Mark","contributorId":331034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mueller","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79094,"text":"Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Office of Environmental Programs","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morrison, Cheryl L. 0000-0001-9425-691X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9425-691X","contributorId":239844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"Cheryl","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":932044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sowers, Derek","contributorId":214036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sowers","given":"Derek","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36803,"text":"NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Romanek, Christopher","contributorId":207026,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Romanek","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":932046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70264107,"text":"70264107 - 2024 - Potential impact of annual vaccination with reformulated COVID-19 vaccines: Lessons from the US COVID-19 scenario modeling hub","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-06T15:06:01.104166","indexId":"70264107","displayToPublicDate":"2024-04-17T08:55:00","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20201,"text":"PLOS Medicine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential impact of annual vaccination with reformulated COVID-19 vaccines: Lessons from the US COVID-19 scenario modeling hub","docAbstract":"Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to cause significant hospitalizations and deaths in the United States. Its continued burden and the impact of annually reformulated vaccines remain unclear. Here, we present projections of COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths in the United States for the next 2 years under 2 plausible assumptions about immune escape (20% per year and 50% per year) and 3 possible CDC recommendations for the use of annually reformulated vaccines (no recommendation, vaccination for those aged 65 years and over, vaccination for all eligible age groups based on FDA approval).
The COVID-19 Scenario Modeling Hub solicited projections of COVID-19 hospitalization and deaths between April 15, 2023 and April 15, 2025 under 6 scenarios representing the intersection of considered levels of immune escape and vaccination. Annually reformulated vaccines are assumed to be 65% effective against symptomatic infection with strains circulating on June 15 of each year and to become available on September 1. Age- and state-specific coverage in recommended groups was assumed to match that seen for the first (fall 2021) COVID-19 booster. State and national projections from 8 modeling teams were ensembled to produce projections for each scenario and expected reductions in disease outcomes due to vaccination over the projection period.
From April 15, 2023 to April 15, 2025, COVID-19 is projected to cause annual epidemics peaking November to January. In the most pessimistic scenario (high immune escape, no vaccination recommendation), we project 2.1 million (90% projection interval (PI) [1,438,000, 4,270,000]) hospitalizations and 209,000 (90% PI [139,000, 461,000]) deaths, exceeding pre-pandemic mortality of influenza and pneumonia. In high immune escape scenarios, vaccination of those aged 65+ results in 230,000 (95% confidence interval (CI) [104,000, 355,000]) fewer hospitalizations and 33,000 (95% CI [12,000, 54,000]) fewer deaths, while vaccination of all eligible individuals results in 431,000 (95% CI: 264,000–598,000) fewer hospitalizations and 49,000 (95% CI [29,000, 69,000]) fewer deaths.
COVID-19 is projected to be a significant public health threat over the coming 2 years. Broad vaccination has the potential to substantially reduce the burden of this disease, saving tens of thousands of lives each year.
Nutrient (nitrogen [N] and phosphorus [P] chemistry) downgradient from onsite wastewater treatment system (OWTS) was evaluated with a groundwater study in the area surrounding Elizabeth Lake, the largest of three sag lakes within the Santa Clara River watershed of Los Angeles County, California.
Elizabeth Lake is listed on the “303 (d) Impaired Waters List” for excess nutrients and is downgradient from more than 600 OWTS. The primary objective of this study was to develop a conceptual hydrogeological model to determine if discharge from OWTS is transported into shallow groundwater within the Elizabeth Lake subwatershed and contributes nutrients to Elizabeth Lake in excess of the total maximum daily load limit. An analysis of historical data and data collected for this study provided estimates of aquifer properties, such as hydraulic gradients and other parameters necessary to estimate boundary conditions. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys were done to determine the best monitoring well locations and to estimate depth to groundwater. During 4 separate sampling events, 11 wells, 2 imported water tanks, 1 spring (sampled on March 17, 2019), and Elizabeth Lake were sampled, which occurred during February–September 2020.
ERT transects and borehole geophysical measurements indicated that there were low to high resistivity materials in the subsurface and potential perched fresh water. Most of the aquifer material was characterized as sandy silt, occasionally with mixed clays and medium gravels, and was estimated to have a hydraulic conductivity from 3.28x10−3 to 16.4 feet per day, a porosity from 0.34 to 0.42, and a hydraulic gradient from 0.01 to 0.03. Although bedrock was not obvious in ERT transects, all well depths were terminated at depths of an impassible confining layer observed to be a highly consolidated blue-gray clay. Depths to granitic bedrock, based on road outcrops and lithologic driller logs, varied throughout the study area. Depth to the bedrock was estimated to be shallow on the north side of Elizabeth Lake at approximately 30 feet below land surface (ft bls). Depth to bedrock is at 50 ft bls toward the east of the Elizabeth Lake subwatershed, which is at topographic ground surface to the north and south of the residential development. Groundwater levels ranged from approximately 0 to 12 ft bls during this study. Historical water levels ranged from 8 to 16 ft bls in the lower elevation of the study area and increased to depths of as much as 80 ft bls at higher elevations on the north and south boundaries of the Elizabeth Lake subwatershed.
Water-quality samples were analyzed for major ions, nutrients, dissolved organic carbon, stable isotopes, and age-dating tracers. A principal component analysis was completed to determine organic matter sources. The proportion of recharge from imported waters, used for domestic consumption, was calculated using stable water isotopes, deuterium (δD) and oxygen (δ18O). Recharge from imported waters accounted for approximately 15–71 percent of the total recharge to groundwater within the study area. Total nitrogen concentrations ranged from 0.17 to 30.9 milligrams per liter (mg/L) as N, and phosphorus, measured in the soluble form as orthophosphate, ranged from 0.03 to 0.35 mg/L as P. Nitrate concentrations in groundwater samples ranged from less than the detection limit (0.01 mg/L as N) to approximately 24 mg/L as N. Nitrate was not detected in 3 of the 12 sites sampled during the study (2 wells and Elizabeth Lake). Dissolved organic carbon concentrations ranged from 0.4 to 27 mg/L in groundwater and from 9.9 to 100 mg/L in Elizabeth Lake. Ammonium and orthophosphate concentrations generally were low in groundwater. However, elevated concentrations of ammonium in Elizabeth Lake were assumed to be due to avian waste products or biological nitrogen fixation. Groundwater ages were mostly modern (recharged since 1952), with a median recharge temperature of 13 degrees Celsius.
Redox conditions in groundwater indicated the likely occurrence of nitrate attenuation by denitrification downgradient from the wells to the south of Elizabeth Lake before groundwater discharges to the lake. Undetectable nitrate in Elizabeth Lake at the time of sampling was likely due to algal uptake. Most wells contained stable isotopes of nitrogen and oxygen in nitrate (δ15N-NO3 and δ18O-NO3) molecules with values consistent with denitrification. However, one monitoring well on the north of Elizabeth Lake (ELLA-8) had no evidence of denitrification, based on elevated concentrations of nitrate and a sufficient amount of dissolved oxygen such that the water was oxic and not favorable for the denitrification reaction. Consequently, this nitrate could be delivered to Elizabeth Lake through groundwater discharge if nitrate is not removed from the system by denitrifying bacteria downgradient from the well before the groundwater discharges into Elizabeth Lake. The principal component analysis demonstrated that dissolved organic matter optical properties track different sources of dissolved organic matter from decayed plants, animals, and animal-derived wastes. Two wells contained strong indicators of OWTS water presence, although geochemical evidence indicated other wells may also be affected by OWTS discharge.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20245012","collaboration":"Water Resources Mission Area—National Water Quality ProgramDirector,
California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, California 95819
Headwater streams can contribute significant amounts of fine sediment to downstream waterways, especially when severely eroded and incised. Potential upstream sediment source identification is crucial for effective management of water quality, aquatic habitat, and sediment loads in a watershed. This study explored topographic openness (TO) derived from 1-m lidar for its ability to predict incision in headwater streams and to remotely detect changes in incision over time. Field surveys were conducted in one forested and two recently urbanized headwater watersheds in the Maryland Piedmont physiographic province, USA to characterize the level of stream channel incision (none, moderate, or severe) in the main stem of each watershed. Predictions of the severity of stream channel incision derived from TO were compared against the field surveys. Channel incision was detected with an overall accuracy of 67 %, with best performance in reaches with either severe or no incision (79–86 % accuracy). The method was also applied to repeat lidar collected over the same area to model the extent of channel incision in 2002 before urban development began and in 2008 and 2013 during active construction in the urban watersheds. Results showed increasing incision over time in all three watersheds, with similar patterns in the forested and urban watersheds. This new method of remotely measuring channel incision can be used to identify potential sediment sources across a watershed, enhance water and habitat quality predictions, and detect changes over time where multiple years of overlapping lidar are available.
Fluvial strata of the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation and Dockum Group, exposed across the Western Interior of North America, have long been interpreted to record a transcontinental river system that connected the ancestral Ouachita orogen of Texas and Oklahoma, USA, to the Auld Lang Syne basin of northwestern Nevada, USA, its inferred marine terminus. Fluvial strata are well-characterized by existing detrital zircon data, but the provenance of the Auld Lang Syne basin is poorly constrained. We present new detrital zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopic data that characterize the provenance of Norian siliciclastic strata that dominate the Auld Lang Syne basin. Mixture modeling of Auld Lang Syne basin data identifies the Alleghany−Ouachita−Marathon belt of eastern Laurentia as a dominant source of sediment, but the presence of Triassic detrital zircon grains in Auld Lang Syne basin strata indicates that at least one peri-Laurentian arc segment had to have also contributed sediment. A comparison of new Hf isotopic data with those characterizing various peri-Laurentian volcanic arcs demonstrates that although multiple arc segments may have simultaneously contributed zircons to the Auld Lang Syne basin, the west Pangean arc of northern Mexico stands out as a unique source of highly evolved Permian to Triassic detrital zircon grains in samples from the Auld Lang Syne basin. Altogether, our data and analyses demonstrate source-to-sink connectivity between the Late Triassic (Norian) Cordilleran margin and remnant late Paleozoic highlands of southern to eastern Laurentia, which ultimately framed a Mississippi River−scale, transcontinental watershed that traversed the topographically subdued Laurentian continental interior.
An intrusion into Kīlauea’s upper East Rift Zone during June 17–19, 2007, during the 1983–2018 Pu‘u‘ō‘ō eruption, led to widespread ground cracking and a small (approximately 1,525 cubic meters) eruption on the northeast flank of Kānenuiohamo, a cone about 6 kilometers upslope from Pu‘u‘ō‘ō. Transmitted and induced very low frequency (VLF) magnetic fields were measured with a handheld VLF receiver along transects spanning the dike trace, and zones of ground cracking related to the intrusion were mapped. The locations of crack zones and the VLF receiver measurements suggest that the Father’s Day dike splayed as it approached the surface, dividing into four segments—one between Pauahi Crater and Pu‘uhuluhulu and three en echelon segments near Kānenuiohamo. The dike did not extend appreciably northeastward beyond the eruption site.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20245030","usgsCitation":"Orr, T.R., Kauahikaua, J.P., and Heliker, C., 2024, Using ground crack and very low frequency measurements to map the location of the June 2007 Father’s Day dike, Kīlauea Volcano: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2024–5030, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20245030.","productDescription":"Report: v, 24 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-153402","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499457,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_116988.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":427766,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20245030/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2024-5030"},{"id":427764,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5030/sir20245030.jpg"},{"id":427769,"rank":6,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5030/sir20245030.XML"},{"id":427768,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5030/images"},{"id":427767,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P955VWUV","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Ground crack, VLF measurement, and sample vesicularity data for the June 2007 Father’s Day eruption, Kīlauea Volcano"},{"id":427765,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2024/5030/sir20245030.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2024-5030"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.4892974286579,\n 19.556742895866662\n ],\n [\n -155.4892974286579,\n 19.173678282684293\n ],\n [\n -155.024498444905,\n 19.173678282684293\n ],\n [\n -155.024498444905,\n 19.556742895866662\n ],\n [\n -155.4892974286579,\n 19.556742895866662\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Volcano Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4210 University Drive
Anchorage, AK 99508
Atlantic menhaden are a highly migratory marine species in the Eastern United States that suffer from seasonal chronic mortality. Affected fish show neurologic signs referred to as spinning disease, including circling at the surface and erratic corkscrew swimming before death. We investigated three similar menhaden mortality events consistent with spinning disease in coastal New Jersey and New York between 2020 and 2021 to understand the cause. A unique strain of Vibrio (Listonella) anguillarum (serogroup O3) was detected regularly in high loads, particularly in the brains of moribund fish, by both metagenomics and bacterial isolation. The most common histopathological changes in moribund fish were hemorrhagic meningitis, encephalitis, pyknosis, and karyorrhexis of hematopoietic tissues in the kidney and spleen. Whole genome sequencing of isolates from moribund fish representing a wide spatial and temporal range showed that they were nearly identical clones, suggesting it to be a pathogenic strain circulating in the population. Though V. anguillarum is believed to be the main pathogen associated with spinning disease and mortality, Yersinia ruckeri (serotype O1) was isolated from smaller numbers of fish. Considering the highly migratory nature of Atlantic menhaden throughout the eastern United States and their use as bait for other fisheries, these findings identify potential biosecurity challenges that should be considered in Atlantic salmon aquaculture, fisheries, and emerging marine aquaculture in the region.
","language":"English","publisher":"Hindawi","doi":"10.1155/2024/8816604","usgsCitation":"Lovy, J., Iwanowicz, L., Welch, T.J., Allem, B., Getchell, R.G., Geraci-Yee, S., Goodale, C., Snyder, J., Raines, C.D., and Das, N., 2024, Seasonal mortality of Wild Atlantic Menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus) is caused by a virulent clone of Vibrio (Listonella) anguillarum; Implications for biosecurity along the Atlantic Coastal United States: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, v. 2024, 8816604 , 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/8816604.","productDescription":"8816604 , 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-153348","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487999,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/8816604","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":429380,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2024","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lovy, Jan 0000-0003-2704-0822","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2704-0822","contributorId":331539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovy","given":"Jan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":901692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iwanowicz, Luke R. 0000-0002-1197-6178","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1197-6178","contributorId":79382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"Luke R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":901693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Welch, Timothy J.","contributorId":336999,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Welch","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":80941,"text":"National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, WV 25430, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":901694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Allem, Bassem","contributorId":337000,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allem","given":"Bassem","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":80942,"text":"School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5000, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":901695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Getchell, Rodman G.","contributorId":201129,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Getchell","given":"Rodman","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":901696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Geraci-Yee, Sabrina","contributorId":337001,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Geraci-Yee","given":"Sabrina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":80942,"text":"School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5000, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":901697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Goodale, Christine L","contributorId":243972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goodale","given":"Christine L","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":901698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Snyder, Jeremy","contributorId":337002,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snyder","given":"Jeremy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":80943,"text":"Animal Health Diagnostic Laboratory, New Jersey Department of Agriculture, Ewing, NJ 08628, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":901699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Raines, Clayton D. 0000-0002-0403-190X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0403-190X","contributorId":296362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raines","given":"Clayton","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":901700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Das, Nilanjana","contributorId":337003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Das","given":"Nilanjana","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":80944,"text":"Office of Fish and Wildlife Health and Forensics, New Jersey Fish and Wildlife, Oxford, NJ 07863, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":901701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70264807,"text":"70264807 - 2024 - Mesoproterozoic to Paleozoic tectonics, Pleistocene landforms, and Holocene seismicity in the Blue Ridge: Results from integrated studies of the 9 August 2020, Mw 5.1 earthquake area near Sparta, North Carolina, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-25T14:09:06.120979","indexId":"70264807","displayToPublicDate":"2024-04-05T08:59:18","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"displayTitle":"Mesoproterozoic to Paleozoic tectonics, Pleistocene landforms, and Holocene seismicity in the Blue Ridge: Results from integrated studies of the 9 August 2020, Mw 5.1 earthquake area near Sparta, North Carolina, USA","title":"Mesoproterozoic to Paleozoic tectonics, Pleistocene landforms, and Holocene seismicity in the Blue Ridge: Results from integrated studies of the 9 August 2020, Mw 5.1 earthquake area near Sparta, North Carolina, USA","docAbstract":"This field trip examines the results of integrated geologic studies of the 9 August 2020, Mw 5.1 earthquake near Sparta, North Carolina, USA. The earthquake generated ~4 km of coseismic surface rupture of the Little River fault and uplifted a surface area of ~11 km2. The Little River fault is a thrust fault oriented 110–130°/45–70°SW, and mapped fault segments are en echelon with scarp heights from <5–30 cm. The epicenter is in polydeformed rocks of the Ashe and Alligator Back Metamorphic Suites in the eastern Blue Ridge. Bedrock structure formed during multiple Paleozoic orogenies; the regional foliation strikes NE-SW and dips SE (mean orientation 063°/52°SE). Mapping identified late Paleozoic veins and shear zones, a regional joint set striking 330–340° and 250–240°, and brittle faults that cut the Paleozoic foliation. Brittle faults oriented similar to the Little River fault are mapped up to 4 km along strike from the coseismic rupture along Bledsoe Creek valley, and the combined length of the Little River fault system is ~8 km. Paleoseismic trenches across the Little River fault corroborate the reactivation of an older fault by the 2020 earthquake and reveal two events during late Pleistocene (<50 ka). Surficial mapping identified several terrace deposits, including a deposit along Bledsoe Creek that yielded a 26Al/10Be isochron burial age of 0.46 ± 0.13 Ma and overlies a brittle fault, thus constraining the timing of movement of the fault at that location. Paleoliquefaction studies document soft-sediment deformation features in alluvium that may represent paleoseismic events. Collectively, these results highlight long-lived paleoseismicity of the Blue Ridge and that the 9 August 2020 earthquake reactivated an older, suitably oriented brittle fault in the bedrock. The Little River fault is an example of a previously unknown but active fault lying outside of known seismic zones with demonstrated recurrence of paleo-ruptures, raising questions about the assumption that damaging earthquakes are limited to areas of ongoing background seismicity, which is counter to seismic hazard assessments in the eastern United States.
Bedrock mapping separates eastern Blue Ridge lithostratigraphy of the Lynchburg Group and Ashe and Alligator Back Metamorphic Suites into separate fault-bound packages juxtaposed over various 1.3–1.0 Ga basement rocks of the northern French Broad massif by the Gossan Lead fault.
","largerWorkTitle":"Geology and geologic hazards of the Blue Ridge: Field excursions for the 2024 GSA southeastern section meeting, Asheville, North Carolina, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2024.0067(03)","usgsCitation":"Merschat, A.J., Carter, M.W., Lynn, A., Stewart, K., Figueiredo, P., Odom, W.E., McAleer, R.J., Vazquez, J.A., Powell, N.E., and Holm-Denoma, C.S., 2024, Mesoproterozoic to Paleozoic tectonics, Pleistocene landforms, and Holocene seismicity in the Blue Ridge: Results from integrated studies of the 9 August 2020, Mw 5.1 earthquake area near Sparta, North Carolina, USA, chap. of Geology and geologic hazards of the Blue Ridge: Field excursions for the 2024 GSA southeastern section meeting, Asheville, North Carolina, USA, v. 67, p. 69-106, https://doi.org/10.1130/2024.0067(03).","productDescription":"38 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"106","ipdsId":"IP-177390","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":483771,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","city":"Sparta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.20449414311922,\n 36.5814103989881\n ],\n [\n -81.2095938748342,\n 36.44322251293683\n ],\n [\n -81.04130272824062,\n 36.44322251293683\n ],\n [\n -81.04275979444436,\n 36.57614511920512\n ],\n [\n -81.20449414311922,\n 36.5814103989881\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n 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Climate conditions can directly impact ungulates via changes in the costs of thermoregulation and locomotion, or indirectly, via changes in habitat and forage availability, predation, and species interactions. Many studies have documented the effects of climate variability and climate change on North America’s ungulates, recording impacts to population demographics, physiology, foraging behavior, migratory patterns, and more. However, ungulate responses are not uniform and vary by species and geography. Here, we present a systematic map describing the abundance and distribution of evidence on the effects of climate variability and climate change on native ungulates in North America.
We searched for all evidence documenting or projecting how climate variability and climate change affect the 15 ungulate species native to the U.S., Canada, Mexico, and Greenland. We searched Web of Science, Scopus, and the websites of 62 wildlife management agencies to identify relevant academic and grey literature. We screened English-language documents for inclusion at both the title and abstract and full-text levels. Data from all articles that passed full-text review were extracted and coded in a database. We identified knowledge clusters and gaps related to the species, locations, climate variables, and outcome variables measured in the literature.
We identified a total of 674 relevant articles published from 1947 until September 2020. Caribou (Rangifer tarandus), elk (Cervus canadensis), and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) were the most frequently studied species. Geographically, more research has been conducted in the western U.S. and western Canada, though a notable concentration of research is also located in the Great Lakes region. Nearly 75% more articles examined the effects of precipitation on ungulates compared to temperature, with variables related to snow being the most commonly measured climate variables. Most studies examined the effects of climate on ungulate population demographics, habitat and forage, and physiology and condition, with far fewer examining the effects on disturbances, migratory behavior, and seasonal range and corridor habitat.
The effects of climate change, and its interactions with stressors such as land-use change, predation, and disease, is of increasing concern to wildlife managers. With its broad scope, this systematic map can help ungulate managers identify relevant climate impacts and prepare for future changes to the populations they manage. Decisions regarding population control measures, supplemental feeding, translocation, and the application of habitat treatments are just some of the management decisions that can be informed by an improved understanding of climate impacts. This systematic map also identified several gaps in the literature that would benefit from additional research, including climate effects on ungulate migratory patterns, on species that are relatively understudied yet known to be sensitive to changes in climate, such as pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) and mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus), and on ungulates in the eastern U.S. and Mexico.
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Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thompson, Laura 0000-0002-7884-6001","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7884-6001","contributorId":221497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Laura","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, Ciara G.","contributorId":271273,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Ciara","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12909,"text":"George Mason University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kurth, Katherine Anne 0000-0002-6883-8307","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6883-8307","contributorId":334177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurth","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"Anne","affiliations":[{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":898184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Carlin, Maxfield A.","contributorId":335367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carlin","given":"Maxfield","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37275,"text":"none","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70252982,"text":"70252982 - 2024 - Range-wide genetic analysis of an endangered bumble bee (Bombus affinis, Hymenoptera: Apidae) reveals population structure, isolation by distance, and low colony abundance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-15T11:41:07.25525","indexId":"70252982","displayToPublicDate":"2024-04-03T06:33:51","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2357,"text":"Journal of Insect Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Range-wide genetic analysis of an endangered bumble bee (Bombus affinis, Hymenoptera: Apidae) reveals population structure, isolation by distance, and low colony abundance","docAbstract":"Declines in bumble bee species range and abundances are documented across multiple continents and have prompted the need for research to aid species recovery and conservation. The rusty patched bumble bee (Bombus affinis) is the first federally listed bumble bee species in North America. We conducted a range-wide population genetics study of B. affinis from across all extant conservation units to inform conservation efforts. To understand the species’ vulnerability and help establish recovery targets, we examined population structure, patterns of genetic diversity, and population differentiation. Additionally, we conducted a site-level analysis of colony abundance to inform prioritizing areas for conservation, translocation, and other recovery actions. We find substantial evidence of population structuring along an east-to-west gradient. Putative populations show evidence of isolation by distance, high inbreeding coefficients, and a range-wide male diploidy rate of ~15%. Our results suggest the Appalachians represent a genetically distinct cluster with high levels of private alleles and substantial differentiation from the rest of the extant range. Site-level analyses suggest low colony abundance estimates for B. affinis compared to similar datasets of stable, co-occurring species. These results lend genetic support to trends from observational studies, suggesting that B. affinis has undergone a recent decline and exhibit substantial spatial structure. The low colony abundances observed here suggest caution in overinterpreting the stability of populations even where B. affinis is reliably detected interannually. These results help delineate informed management units, provide context for the potential risks of translocation programs, and help set clear recovery targets for this and other threatened bumble bee species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/jisesa/ieae041","usgsCitation":"Mola, J., Pearse, I.S., Boone, M., Evans, E., Hepner, M.J., Jean, R., Kochanski, J., Nordmeyer, C., Runquist, E., Smith, T.A., Strange, J., Watson, J., and Koch, J.B., 2024, Range-wide genetic analysis of an endangered bumble bee (Bombus affinis, Hymenoptera: Apidae) reveals population structure, isolation by distance, and low colony abundance: Journal of Insect Science, v. 24, no. 2, 19, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/ieae041.","productDescription":"19, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-160165","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439960,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/ieae041","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":434999,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13CHTK8","text":"USGS data 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U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Minnesota-Wisconsin Ecological Services Field Office","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Smith, Tamara A.","contributorId":257977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Tamara","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Strange, Jaime","contributorId":335615,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strange","given":"Jaime","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":80406,"text":"Ohio State","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Watson, Jay","contributorId":335443,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watson","given":"Jay","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":80407,"text":"Winsconsin DNR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Koch, Jonathan B","contributorId":237988,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koch","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"B","affiliations":[{"id":47671,"text":"University of Hawai'i, Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":898854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70252682,"text":"70252682 - 2024 - Paleogene Earth perturbations in the US Atlantic Coastal Plain (PEP-US): Coring transects of hyperthermals to understand past carbon injections and ecosystem responses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-03T11:53:58.333146","indexId":"70252682","displayToPublicDate":"2024-04-02T06:52:00","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3356,"text":"Scientific Drilling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleogene Earth perturbations in the US Atlantic Coastal Plain (PEP-US): Coring transects of hyperthermals to understand past carbon injections and ecosystem responses","docAbstract":"The release of over 4500 Gt (gigatonnes) of carbon at the Paleocene–Eocene boundary provides the closest geological analog to modern anthropogenic CO2 emissions. The cause(s) of and responses to the resulting Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) and attendant carbon isotopic excursion (CIE) remain enigmatic and intriguing despite over 30 years of intense study. CIE records from the deep sea are generally thin due to its short duration and slow sedimentation rates, and they are truncated due to corrosive bottom waters dissolving carbonate sediments. In contrast, PETM coastal plain sections along the US mid-Atlantic margin are thick, generally having an expanded record of the CIE. Drilling here presents an opportunity to study the PETM onset to a level of detail that could transform our understanding of this important event. Previous drilling in this region provided important insights, but existing cores are either depleted or contain stratigraphic gaps. New core material is needed for well-resolved marine climate records. To plan new drilling, members of the international scientific community attended a multi-staged, hybrid scientific drilling workshop in 2022 designed to maximize not only scientifically and demographically diverse participation but also to protect participants' health and safety during the global pandemic and to reduce our carbon footprint. The resulting plan identified 10 sites for drill holes that would penetrate the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) boundary, targeting the pre-onset excursion (POE), the CIE onset, the rapidly deposited Marlboro Clay that records a very thick CIE body, and other Eocene hyperthermals. The workshop participants developed several primary scientific objectives related to investigating the nature and the cause(s) of the CIE onset as well as the biotic effects of the PETM on the paleoshelf. Additional objectives focus on the evidence for widespread wildfires and changes in the hydrological cycle, shelf morphology, and sea level during the PETM as well as the desire to study both underlying K–Pg sediments and overlying post-Eocene records of extreme hyperthermal climate events. All objectives address our overarching research question: what was the Earth system response to a rapid carbon cycle perturbation?
Snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) in the Upper Peninsula (UP) of Michigan, USA, occupy the southern periphery of the species' range and are vulnerable to climate change. In the eastern UP, hares are isolated by the Great Lakes, potentially exacerbating exposure to climate-change-induced habitat alterations. Climate change is also measurably affecting distribution and prevalence of vector-borne pathogens in North America, and increases in disease occurrence and prevalence can be one signal of climate-stressed wildlife populations. We conducted a serosurvey for vector-borne pathogens in snowshoe hares that were captured in the Hiawatha National Forest in the eastern UP of Michigan, USA, 2016-2017. The most commonly detected antibody response was to the mosquito-borne California serogroup snowshoe hare virus (SSHV). Overall, 24 (51%) hares screened positive for SSHV antibodies and of these, 23 (96%) were confirmed positive by plaque reduction neutralization test. We found a positive association between seroprevalence of SSHV and live weight of snowshoe hares. Additionally, we detected a significant effect of ecological land type group on seroprevalence of SSHV, with strong positive support for a group representing areas that tend to support high numbers of hares (i.e., acidic mineral containing soils with cedar, mixed swamp conifers, tamarack and balsam fir as common overstory vegetation). We also detected and confirmed antibodies for Jamestown Canyon virus and Silverwater virus in a single hare each. We did not detect antibodies to other zoonotic vector-borne pathogens, including Lacrosse encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, Borrelia burgdorferi, Powassan virus, and Francisella tularensis. These results provide a baseline for future serological studies of vector-transmitted diseases that may increase climate vulnerability of snowshoe hares in the UP of Michigan, as well as pose a climate-related zoonotic risk.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/JWD-D-23-00009","usgsCitation":"Hofmeister, E.K., Clark, E., Lund, M., and Grear, D.A., 2024, Serologic survey of selected arthropod-borne pathogens in free-ranging snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) captured in Northern Michigan, USA: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 60, no. 2, p. 375-387, https://doi.org/10.7589/JWD-D-23-00009.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"375","endPage":"387","ipdsId":"IP-137598","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":426054,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Hiawatha National Forest, Upper Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.12495684063921,\n 46.50986311167162\n ],\n [\n -85.11801650695072,\n 46.02046787491247\n ],\n [\n -84.89592582891105,\n 45.92035440284381\n ],\n [\n -84.71721223642521,\n 45.93302539211934\n ],\n [\n -84.62872298189352,\n 45.993959465281165\n ],\n [\n -84.5940213134503,\n 46.488365359475324\n ],\n [\n -85.12495684063921,\n 46.50986311167162\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"60","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hofmeister, Erik K. 0000-0002-2305-519X ehofmeister@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2305-519X","contributorId":269350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofmeister","given":"Erik","email":"ehofmeister@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":895506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, Eric","contributorId":333599,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clark","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79941,"text":"Inland Fish and Wildlife Department of the Sault Ste. 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Most groundwater samples were late-Pleistocene to early-Holocene; median age of well samples was 11,100 years. The relation between mean groundwater age and completed well depth across the eastern portion of the study area was similar despite differences in precipitation, topographic position, incision, thickness of the sedimentary overburden, and CRBG geologic unit. However, the lateral continuity in groundwater age was disrupted across large regional fault zones indicating these structures are substantial impediments to groundwater flow from the high-precipitation uplands to adjacent lower-precipitation and lower-elevation portions of the study area. Recharge rates calculated from the age-depth relations were <3 mm/yr and independent of the modern precipitation gradient across the study area. The age-constrained recharge rates to the CRBG groundwater system are considerably smaller than previously published estimates and highlight the uncertainty of prevailing models used to estimate recharge to the CRBG groundwater system across the Columbia Plateau in Oregon and Washington. Age tracer and isotopic evidence indicate recharge to the CRBG groundwater system is an exceedingly slow and localized process.
The Arizona Toad (Anaxyrus microscaphus) is restricted to riverine corridors and adjacent uplands in the arid southwestern United States. As with numerous amphibians worldwide, populations are declining and face various known or suspected threats, from disease to habitat modification resulting from climate change. The Arizona Toad has been petitioned to be listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act and was considered “warranted but precluded” citing the need for additional information – particularly regarding natural history (e.g., connectivity and dispersal ability). The objectives of this study were to characterize population structure and genetic diversity across the species’ range. We used reduced-representation genomic sequencing to genotype 3,601 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 99 Arizona Toads from ten drainages across its range. Multiple analytical methods revealed two distinct genetic groups bisected by the Colorado River; one in the northwestern portion of the range in southwestern Utah and eastern Nevada and the other in the southeastern portion of the range in central and eastern Arizona and New Mexico. We also found subtle substructure within both groups, particularly in central Arizona where toads at lower elevations were less connected than those at higher elevations. The northern and southern parts of the Arizona Toad range are not well connected genetically and could be managed as separate units. Further, these data could be used to identify source populations for assisted migration or translocations to support small or potentially declining populations.
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