Coastal mangrove forests provide a suite of environmental services, including sequestration of anthropogenic contamination. Yet, research lags on the environmental fate and potential human health risks of mangrove-sequestered contaminants in the context of mangrove removal for development and range shifts due to climate change. To address this, we conducted a study on Moloka'i, Hawai'i, comparing microplastic and pesticide contamination in coastal compartments both at areas modified by non-native red mangroves (Rhizophora mangle) and unmodified, open coastline. Sediment, porewater, and mangrove plant tissues were collected to quantify microplastic and pesticide concentrations across ecosystem type. Average microplastics were similar between mangrove (8.89 items/kg) and non-mangrove areas (9.01 items/kg) in sediment and porewater, but mangrove roots were a substantial reservoir of microplastics (2004 items/kg). Additionally, there was a strong relationship between proximity to urban development and microplastics detected. Six pesticides were detected, most commonly the insecticide bifenthrin, found in most sediment samples (11.3 ng/g), all root samples (243.3 ng/g), and one propagule sample (8.60 ng/g). Other pesticides detected with appreciable concentrations include the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid and the legacy insecticide transformation product, p,p’-DDE. The other detections, all at concentrations < 1 ng/g, were p,p’-DDT, trifluralin, and permethrin. The high concentrations of bifenthrin in roots compared to lower concentrations detected in sediment suggest that mangrove roots strongly accumulate some pesticides, indicating mangrove roots as a sink for organic contaminants. Study methods could be applied to other Hawaiian Islands and other locations where mangroves have been introduced to further examine the observed trends. Additional information is needed to investigate the fate and cycling of pesticides and microplastics adhered to mangrove roots, to better inform non-native mangrove removal efforts on Moloka'i and elsewhere.
Rare earth elements and yttrium (REEs) have a wide range of applications in high- and low-carbon technologies. The strategic significance of REEs has grown due to their expanding applications in manufacturing industries and the constrained availability of these essential resources. This research explores the applicability of machine learning models and their uncertainty for assessing the REE potential in coal beds using various coal parameters as inputs. The work focuses on developing a predictive model based on geological variables, excluding considerations related to potential shifts in the commodities market. The Indiana Coal Quality Database was used as the data source. The promising and unpromising indicators derived from the outlook coefficient of samples from the database were used as the REE potential indicator for machine learning classification models. The filter-based approach with bootstrap was used to evaluate the importance of the coal parameters and their prediction uncertainties. Four machine learning methods (linear discriminant analysis (LDA), random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and artificial neural networks (ANN), a data balancing and augmentation approach (Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique), and bootstrap resampling techniques were used for building the models and evaluating their prediction capabilities under uncertainty. It was determined that the SVM bootstrap model with ten-times balanced and augmented data provided superior results compared with other models. Finally, stochastic spatial maps of the REE potential within the coal basin were generated using sequential indicator simulation. The spatial maps of the REE potential showed that a 29% area of the Indiana section of the Illinois coal basin has economic potential of REEs, with 90% confidence.
An assumption of biotelemetry is that animal performance is unaffected by the tagging process and tag burden, yet this assumption is often untested or not thoroughly explored. Our objective was to explore how transmitter implantation procedures influenced Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar smolt survival and migratory performance.
We monitored radio-tagged smolts, first in the hatchery and then in a river with a receiver array. We assessed survival and in-river performance in relation to surgeon, surgery duration, processing order, and fish size.
Mortality was 13.3% during an 8-day hatchery-observation but was higher for fish processed by one of two experienced surgeons (25% vs. 2%). Mortality peaked three days post-surgery and was higher for smaller fish and fish tagged during morning tagging sessions (compared to afternoons). The size effect changed over time, being greatest during the first two days post-surgery, and continuing thereafter at a diminished level. Fish performance once released into a river also differed between surgeons (migration initiation 66% vs. 82%; and to-lake migration success 22% vs 43%), and consistent with hatchery observations, fish tagged in the morning by one surgeon performed poorly once released.
We highlight immediate and lingering effects of surgical procedures on smolt survival that, if not accounted for, could bias inferences about the study population. Researchers should anticipate tagger effects during study design to ensure potential tagger effects (i.e., surgeon, order tagged, conditions during tagging) are balanced across study groups of interest. Testing for a fixed tagger effect in analyses may not always be adequate because a tagger effect may covary with processing order and fish size and may change over time.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10986","usgsCitation":"Heim, K., Withers, J.L., and Castro-Santos, T., 2024, Tagger effects in aquatic telemetry: Short-term and delayed impacts of surgery in Atlantic salmon smolts: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 44, no. 2, p. 262-275, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10986.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"262","endPage":"275","ipdsId":"IP-154942","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440909,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10986","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":424052,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heim, Kurt C.","contributorId":264533,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heim","given":"Kurt C.","affiliations":[{"id":48645,"text":"umt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Withers, Jonah L.","contributorId":265471,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Withers","given":"Jonah","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Castro-Santos, Theodore 0000-0003-2575-9120","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2575-9120","contributorId":315433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castro-Santos","given":"Theodore","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70238080,"text":"70238080 - 2024 - Forecasting water levels using machine (deep) learning to complement numerical modelling in the southern Everglades, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-21T17:57:32.339716","indexId":"70238080","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-15T11:51:08","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"7","title":"Forecasting water levels using machine (deep) learning to complement numerical modelling in the southern Everglades, USA","docAbstract":"Water level is an important guide for water resource management and wetland ecosystems, defining one of the most basic processes in hydrology. This research seeks to investigate the possibility of complementing numerical modeling with a Machine Learning (ML) model to forecast daily water levels in the southern Everglades in Florida, USA. An exact analytical solution to water level may not be possible, but using the computational methods afforded by ML, the traditional numerical techniques may be enhanced to generate more robust, scalable predictions. Five locations were chosen for application of the Time-Delayed Neural Network (TDNN) and Long-Short Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network (LSTM-RNN) ML models, which were built to estimate water level with 1, 2, 3, 7 and 10 day forecasts using a simulation step of 1 day. The results showed that rainfall forecasts from weather models could improve water-level forecasts if the accuracy and performance of the weather models can be improved. The ML models presented here improve water-level predictions from a historical hydrologic model for a 24 hour forecast horizon.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advanced hydroinformatics: Machine learning and optimization for water resources","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/9781119639268.ch7","usgsCitation":"Forde, C.S., Bhattacharya, B., Solomatine, D., Swain, E., and Aumen, N., 2024, Forecasting water levels using machine (deep) learning to complement numerical modelling in the southern Everglades, USA, chap. 7 of Advanced hydroinformatics: Machine learning and optimization for water resources, p. 177-211, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119639268.ch7.","productDescription":"35 p.","startPage":"177","endPage":"211","ipdsId":"IP-140554","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440912,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119639268.ch7","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":423841,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.1037093889116,\n 26.92620905192487\n ],\n [\n -81.32930131865726,\n 26.92620905192487\n ],\n [\n -81.32930131865726,\n 25.096697437852114\n ],\n [\n -80.1037093889116,\n 25.096697437852114\n ],\n [\n -80.1037093889116,\n 26.92620905192487\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Corzo Perez, Gerald A.","contributorId":332614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Corzo Perez","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":890674,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Solomatine, Dimitri 0000-0003-2031-9871","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2031-9871","contributorId":298962,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Solomatine","given":"Dimitri","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49677,"text":"IHE Delft Institute for Water Education","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":890675,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Forde, Courtney S 0000-0003-2084-6698","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2084-6698","contributorId":298960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Forde","given":"Courtney","email":"","middleInitial":"S","affiliations":[{"id":64740,"text":"Caribbean Institute for Meteorology and Hydrology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bhattacharya, Biswa 0000-0002-8046-589X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8046-589X","contributorId":298961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bhattacharya","given":"Biswa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49677,"text":"IHE Delft Institute for Water Education","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Solomatine, Dimitri 0000-0003-2031-9871","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2031-9871","contributorId":298962,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Solomatine","given":"Dimitri","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49677,"text":"IHE Delft Institute for Water Education","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swain, Eric 0000-0001-7168-708X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7168-708X","contributorId":223705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swain","given":"Eric","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Aumen, Nicholas 0000-0002-5277-2630","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5277-2630","contributorId":223550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aumen","given":"Nicholas","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70250681,"text":"70250681 - 2024 - The effects of vegetative feedbacks on flood shape, sediment transport, and geomorphic change in a dryland river: Moenkopi Wash, AZ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-23T14:46:10.235277","indexId":"70250681","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-15T08:43:03","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of vegetative feedbacks on flood shape, sediment transport, and geomorphic change in a dryland river: Moenkopi Wash, AZ","docAbstract":"Since the 1950s, Moenkopi Wash, in Arizona, United States, has been transformed from a relatively wide river with little riparian vegetation, to a narrow, heavily vegetated river that is less than half of its former width. We analyzed a ∼95-years-long instantaneous-discharge record, an extensive sediment-transport record, oblique and aerial photographs, historical channel surveys, and historical stage-discharge rating relations to determine the primary mechanisms responsible for this transformation.
Frequent, large floods dominated the early part of the discharge record between 1926 and 1940. A dramatic ∼30 % decrease in annual mean discharge, and ∼27 % decrease in the mean of the partial-duration flood series occurred in 1941. This decline did not result in widespread channel change but provided an opportunity for vegetation to establish along the channel margins. Widespread channel narrowing began after a second decline in mean and peak discharge in 1956 at which time the channel banks became heavily vegetated. Between 1952 and 2019, the river channel narrowed by 57–59 %. Approximately 2–4 m of bed aggradation occurred at most study sites. As the channel narrowed and became more vegetated, large floods maintained the narrower channel width but did not cause rewidening. Suspended-sediment transport data illustrate the sediment trapping effects of vegetation that lead to channel narrowing; suspended-sand concentrations decline, thereby indicating sediment deposition, as vegetation becomes progressively inundated during floods. Furthermore, dense channel-margin and floodplain vegetation provide increased roughness, resulting in flood-peak attenuation and alteration of hydrograph shape. Vegetation expansion causes positive feedbacks whereby sediment deposition during floods is exacerbated by the roughness and sediment-trapping effects of vegetation leading to further narrowing. These positive feedbacks have reduced sediment delivery to the Little Colorado River downstream. Channel widening is not likely to occur unless there are very large floods that exceed the erosional threshold of the channel-margin vegetation, or unless large-scale vegetation removal efforts are undertaken.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2023.109017","usgsCitation":"Dean, D.J., and Topping, D.J., 2024, The effects of vegetative feedbacks on flood shape, sediment transport, and geomorphic change in a dryland river: Moenkopi Wash, AZ: Geomorphology, v. 447, 109017, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2023.109017.","productDescription":"109017, 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-155199","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":423885,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Moenkopi Wash","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.78862193867995,\n 37.0525531194242\n ],\n [\n -112.71049693867953,\n 37.0525531194242\n ],\n [\n -112.71049693867953,\n 33.3186010895229\n ],\n [\n -107.78862193867995,\n 33.3186010895229\n ],\n [\n -107.78862193867995,\n 37.0525531194242\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"447","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dean, David J. 0000-0003-0203-088X djdean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0203-088X","contributorId":131047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"David","email":"djdean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":890950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Topping, David J. 0000-0002-2104-4577","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2104-4577","contributorId":215068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topping","given":"David","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":890951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70251815,"text":"70251815 - 2024 - Numbers of wildlife fatalities at renewable energy facilities in a targeted development region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-29T15:01:41.057961","indexId":"70251815","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-15T08:30:47","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Numbers of wildlife fatalities at renewable energy facilities in a targeted development region","docAbstract":"Increased interest in renewable energy has fostered development of wind and solar energy facilities globally. However, energy development sometimes has negative environmental impacts, such as wildlife fatalities. Efforts by regional land managers to balance energy potential while minimizing fatality risk currently rely on datasets that are aggregated at continental, but not regional scales, that focus on single species, or that implement meta-analyses that inappropriately use inferential statistics. We compiled and summarized fatality data from 87 reports for solar and wind facilities in the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts region of southern California within the Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan area. Our goal was to evaluate potential temporal and guild-specific patterns in fatalities, especially for priority species of conservation concern. We also aimed to provide a perspective on approaches interpreting these types of data, given inherent limitations in how they were collected. Mourning doves (Zenaida macroura), Chukar (Alectoris chukar) and California Quail (Callipepla californica), and passerines (Passeriformes), accounted for the most commonly reported fatalities. However, our aggregated count data were derived from raw, uncorrected totals, and thus reflect an absolute minimum number of fatalities for the monitored period. Additionally, patterns in the raw data suggested that many species commonly documented as fatalities (e.g., waterbirds and other nocturnal migrants, bats) are rarely counted during typical pre-construction use surveys. This may explain the more commonly observed mismatch between pre-construction risk assessment and actual fatalities. Our work may serve to guide design of future scientific research to address temporal and spatial patterns in fatalities and to apply rigorous guild-specific survey methodologies to estimate populations at risk from renewable energy development.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0295552","usgsCitation":"Conkling, T., Fesnock, A.L., and Katzner, T., 2024, Numbers of wildlife fatalities at renewable energy facilities in a targeted development region: PLoS ONE, v. 18, no. 12, e0295552, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295552.","productDescription":"e0295552, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-142188","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440915,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295552","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":426127,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.41388196440452,\n 32.63301172668308\n ],\n [\n -114.71231156077859,\n 32.71521061573718\n ],\n [\n -114.41844327520268,\n 34.121883375452825\n ],\n [\n -115.258371375603,\n 35.51347324917859\n ],\n [\n -116.44620706269673,\n 36.348306541123236\n ],\n [\n -120.9361068529251,\n 35.49816148699837\n ],\n [\n -117.83770190615772,\n 34.11965094145391\n ],\n [\n -116.41388196440452,\n 32.63301172668308\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conkling, Tara 0000-0003-1926-8106","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1926-8106","contributorId":217915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conkling","given":"Tara","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":895658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fesnock, Amy L.","contributorId":334447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fesnock","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":80149,"text":"Desert District Office, U.S. Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":895659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Katzner, Todd E. 0000-0003-4503-8435 tkatzner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-8435","contributorId":191353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzner","given":"Todd E.","email":"tkatzner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":895660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70250538,"text":"70250538 - 2024 - A new method for bioassessment of ecosystems with complex communities and environmental gradients","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-15T13:15:44.445057","indexId":"70250538","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-14T07:13:26","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A new method for bioassessment of ecosystems with complex communities and environmental gradients","docAbstract":"Bioassessment of complex and heterogeneous ecosystems is a challenge when there are multiple, strong, natural environmental gradients; unknown, or spatially varying, mixtures of stressors; and large numbers of taxa with unknown responses to both the environmental gradients and the stressors. Current methods of bioassessment are not designed for use under this set of constraints. To address this gap, we have developed an assessment method appropriate for well-sampled, heterogeneous systems with many taxa. In the bioassessment described below, we model taxa occurrence as a function of natural environmental gradients, then use residual covariance patterns between all pairs of taxa to estimate the impact of human disturbance across sites as a latent construct. The derivation of the method from an underlying causal model allows the metric value at each site and the associated taxa responses to be partitioned into contributions from a set of putative stressors. We apply this method as a case study to the subtidal benthic invertebrate community of Puget Sound, WA (USA) and demonstrate a partial decomposition of the metric values to a set of stressors including sediment organic carbon, nitrogen, metals, and organic pollutants. While this method provides new opportunities to estimate, communicate, and understand the ecological condition of complex, heterogeneous ecosystems, due to the requirement for broad, detailed data to inform its estimates, it will likely be most appropriate for monitoring programs.
Tetragnathid spiders have been used as sentinels to study the biotransport of contaminants between aquatic and terrestrial environments because a significant proportion of their diet consists of adult aquatic insects. A key knowledge gap in assessing tetragnathid spiders as sentinels is understanding the consistency of the year-to-year relationship between contaminant concentrations in spiders and sediment, water, and macroinvertebrates. We collected five years of data over a seven-year investigation at a PCB contaminated-sediment site to investigate if concentrations in spiders were consistently correlated with concentrations in sediment, water, and aquatic macroinvertebrates. Despite significant year-to-year variability in spider PCB concentrations, they were not correlated with sediment concentrations (p = 0.186). However, spider PCB concentrations were significantly, positively correlated with PCB concentrations in water (p < 0.0001, annual r2 = 0.35–0.84) and macroinvertebrates (p < 0.0001; annual r2 = 0.59–0.71). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) showed that spider PCB concentrations varied consistently with water (β = 0.63) and macroinvertebrate PCB concentrations (β = 1.023) among years. Overall, this study filled a critical knowledge gap in the utilization of tetragnathid spiders as sentinels of aquatic pollution by showing that despite year-to-year changes in PCB concentrations across environmental compartments, consistent relationships existed between spiders and water and aquatic macroinvertebrates.
Salt marshes can attenuate nutrient pollution and store large amounts of ‘blue carbon’ in their soils, however, the value of sequestered carbon may be partially offset by nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Global climate and land use changes result in higher temperatures and inputs of reactive nitrogen (Nr) into coastal zones. Here, we investigated the combined effects of elevated temperature (ambient + 5℃) and Nr (double ambient concentrations) on nitrogen processing in marsh soils from two climatic regions (Quebec, Canada and Louisiana, U.S.) with two vegetation types, Sporobolus alterniflorus (= Spartina alterniflora) and Sporobolus pumilus (= Spartina patens), using 24-h laboratory incubation experiments. Potential N2O fluxes increased from minor sinks to major sources following elevated treatments across all four marsh sites. One day of potential N2O emissions under elevated treatments (representing either long-term sea surface warming or short-term ocean heatwaves effects on coastal marsh soil temperatures alongside pulses of N loading) offset 15–60% of the potential annual ambient N2O sink, depending on marsh site and vegetation type. Rates of potential denitrification were generally higher in high latitude than in low latitude marsh soils under ambient treatments, with low ratios of N2O:N2 indicating complete denitrification in high latitude marsh soils. Under elevated temperature and Nr treatments, potential denitrification was lower in high latitude soil but higher in low latitude soil as compared to ambient conditions, with incomplete denitrification observed except in Louisiana S. pumilus. Overall, our findings suggest that a combined increase in temperature and Nr has the potential to reduce salt marsh greenhouse gas (GHG) sinks under future global change scenarios.
Many forests throughout the world consist of regenerating mature stands. Although these forests differ in many respects from old-growth (with a history of minimal human disturbance), they typically develop similar structural attributes over time. As a result, older mature forests may be of particular conservation value if they contain resources and microhabitats benefitting saproxylic (deadwood dependent) species. Species’ response to forest age may be driven by traits that relate to ecological functions or habitat preferences, such that species with less compatible traits for a local forest environment are “filtered” out. Thus, forest age may influence species’ distributions and the trait composition of assembled communities.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2023.121545","usgsCitation":"Traylor, C.R., Ulyshen, M.D., McHugh, J.V., and Burner, R.C., 2024, Forest age is a primary trait filter for saproxylic beetles in the southeastern United States: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 553, 121545, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2023.121545.","productDescription":"121545, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-155511","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440922,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2023.121545","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":424586,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","county":"Clarke 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Clayton Richard 0000-0001-7798-7198","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7798-7198","contributorId":333407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Traylor","given":"Clayton","email":"","middleInitial":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":892716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ulyshen, Michael D.","contributorId":333408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ulyshen","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":79865,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Athens, GA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":892717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McHugh, Joseph V.","contributorId":333409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McHugh","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":79866,"text":"University of Georgia, Department of Entomology, Athens, GA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":892718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burner, Ryan C. 0000-0002-7314-9506","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7314-9506","contributorId":304152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burner","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":892719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70251218,"text":"70251218 - 2024 - Neogene faulting, basin development, and relief generation in the southern Klamath Mountains (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-30T12:59:04.784033","indexId":"70251218","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-13T06:56:21","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Neogene faulting, basin development, and relief generation in the southern Klamath Mountains (USA)","docAbstract":"Development and evaluation of models for tectonic evolution in the Cascadia forearc require understanding of along-strike heterogeneity of strain distribution, uplift, and upper-plate characteristics. Here, we investigated the Neogene geologic record of the Klamath Mountains province in southernmost Cascadia and obtained apatite (U-Th)/He (AHe) thermochronology of Mesozoic plutons, Neogene graben sediment thickness, detrital zircon records from Neogene grabens, gravity and magnetic data, and kinematic analysis of faults. We documented three aspects of Neogene tectonics: early Miocene and younger rock exhumation, development of topographic relief sufficient to isolate Neogene graben-filling sediments from sources outside of the Klamath Mountains, and initiation of mid-Miocene or younger right-lateral and reverse faulting. Key findings are: (1) 10 new apatite AHe mean cooling ages from the Canyon Creek and Granite Peak plutons in the Trinity Alps range from 24.7 ± 2.1 Ma to 15.7 ± 2.1 Ma. Inverse thermal modeling of these data and published apatite fission-track ages indicate the most rapid rock cooling between ca. 25 and 15 Ma. One new AHe mean cooling age (26.7 ± 3.2 Ma) from the Ironside Mountain batholith 40 km west of the Trinity Alps, combined with previously published AHe ages, suggests geographically widespread latest Oligocene to Miocene cooling in the southern Klamath Mountains province. (2) AHe ages of 39.4 ± 5.1 Ma on the downthrown side and 22.7 ± 3.0 Ma on the upthrown side of the Browns Meadow fault suggest early Miocene to younger fault activity. (3) U-Pb detrital zircon ages (n = 862) and Lu-Hf isotope geochemistry from Miocene Weaverville Formation sediments in the Weaverville, Lowden Ranch, Hayfork, and Hyampom grabens south and southwest of the Trinity Alps can be traced to entirely Klamath Mountains sources; they suggest the south-central Klamath Mountains had, by the middle Miocene, sufficient relief to isolate these grabens from more distal sediment sources. (4) Two Miocene detrital zircon U-Pb ages of 10.6 ± 0.4 Ma and 16.7 ± 0.2 Ma from the Lowden Ranch graben show that the maximum depositional age of the upper Weaverville Formation here is younger than previously recognized. (5) A prominent steep-sided negative gravity anomaly associated with the Hayfork graben shows that both the north and south margins are fault-controlled, and inversion of gravity data suggests basin fill is between 1 km and 1.9 km thick. Abrupt elevation changes of basin fill-to-bedrock contacts reported in well logs record E-side-up and right-lateral faulting at the eastern end of the Hayfork graben. A NE-striking gravity gradient separates the main graben on the west from a narrower, thinner basin to the east, supporting this interpretation. (6) Of fset of both the base of the Weaverville Formation and the cataclasite-capped La Grange fault surface by a fault on the southwest margin of the Weaverville basin documents 200 m of reverse and 1500 m of right-lateral strike-slip motion on this structure, here named the Democrat Gulch fault; folded and steeply dipping strata adjacent to the fault confirm that faulting postdated deposition of the Weaverville Formation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES02612.1","usgsCitation":"Michalak, M.J., Cashman, S.M., Langenheim, V., Team, T.C., and Christensen, D.J., 2024, Neogene faulting, basin development, and relief generation in the southern Klamath Mountains (USA): Geosphere, v. 20, no. 1, p. 237-266, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02612.1.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"266","ipdsId":"IP-144540","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440927,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges02612.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":425101,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Southern Klamath Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.98917316134096,\n 44.02774490532599\n ],\n [\n -125.98917316134096,\n 38.79194801722443\n ],\n [\n -120.47403644259101,\n 38.79194801722443\n ],\n [\n -120.47403644259101,\n 44.02774490532599\n ],\n [\n -125.98917316134096,\n 44.02774490532599\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Michalak, Melanie J.","contributorId":317978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michalak","given":"Melanie","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7067,"text":"Humboldt State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":893555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cashman, Susan M.","contributorId":333685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cashman","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":63943,"text":"Cal Poly Humboldt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":893556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Langenheim, Victoria 0000-0003-2170-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":217113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"Victoria","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":893557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Team, Taylor C.","contributorId":333686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Team","given":"Taylor","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":63943,"text":"Cal Poly Humboldt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":893558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Christensen, Dana J.","contributorId":333687,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christensen","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":63943,"text":"Cal Poly Humboldt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":893559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70250672,"text":"70250672 - 2024 - Rangeland pitting for revegetation and annual weed control","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-07T17:17:10.889113","indexId":"70250672","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-13T06:38:04","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3230,"text":"Rangelands","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rangeland pitting for revegetation and annual weed control","docAbstract":"Hunting mortality can affect population abundance, demography, patterns of dispersal and philopatry, breeding, and genetic diversity. We investigated the effects of hunting on the reproduction and genetic diversity in a puma population in western Colorado, USA. We genotyped over 11,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), using double-digest, restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq) in 291 tissue samples collected as part of a study on the effects of hunting on puma population abundance and demography in Colorado from 2004 to 2014. The study was designed with a reference period (years 1–5), during which hunting was suspended, followed by a treatment period (years 6–10), in which hunting was reinstated. Our objectives were to examine the effects of hunting on: (1) paternity and male reproductive success; (2) the relatedness between pumas within the population, and (3) genetic diversity. We found that hunting reduced the average age of male breeders. The number of unique fathers siring litters increased each year without hunting and decreased each year during the hunting period. Mated pairs were generally unrelated during both time periods, and females were more closely related than males. Hunting was also associated with increased relatedness among males and decreased relatedness among females in the population. Finally, genetic diversity increased during the period without hunting and decreased each year when hunting was present. This study demonstrates the utility of merging demographic data with large-scale genomic datasets in order to better understand the consequences of management actions. Specifically, we believe that this study highlights the need for long-term experimental research in which hunting mortality is manipulated, including at least one non-harvested control population, as part of a broader adaptive, zone management scheme.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/mec.17237","usgsCitation":"Erwin, J., Logan, K.A., Trumbo, D.R., Funk, W.C., and Culver, M., 2024, Effects of hunting on mating, relatedness, and genetic diversity in a puma population: Molecular Ecology, v. 33, no. 20, e17237, https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.17237.","productDescription":"e17237","ipdsId":"IP-159596","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499839,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://ecollections.law.fiu.edu/faculty_publications/511","text":"External Repository"},{"id":429884,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Uncompahgre Plateau study area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.00715135909441,\n 39.040144697788094\n ],\n [\n -109.00715135909441,\n 37.94141224070735\n ],\n [\n -106.98806031661108,\n 37.94141224070735\n ],\n [\n -106.98806031661108,\n 39.040144697788094\n ],\n [\n -109.00715135909441,\n 39.040144697788094\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erwin, John A.","contributorId":338032,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Erwin","given":"John A.","affiliations":[{"id":81073,"text":"Florida International University College of Law","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Logan, Kenneth A.","contributorId":338033,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Logan","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":39887,"text":"Colorado Parks and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trumbo, Daryl R.","contributorId":338034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trumbo","given":"Daryl","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":81076,"text":"Colorado State University Pueblo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Funk, W. Chris","contributorId":338035,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Funk","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Chris","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Culver, Melanie 0000-0001-5380-3059 mculver@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5380-3059","contributorId":197693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Culver","given":"Melanie","email":"mculver@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70251168,"text":"70251168 - 2024 - Relative effectiveness of a radionuclide (210Pb), surface elevation table (SET), and LiDAR at monitoring mangrove forest surface elevation change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-26T14:28:23.578119","indexId":"70251168","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-12T07:05:57","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relative effectiveness of a radionuclide (210Pb), surface elevation table (SET), and LiDAR at monitoring mangrove forest surface elevation change","docAbstract":"Sea-level rise (SLR) is one of the greatest future threats to mangrove forests. Mangroves have kept up with or paced past SLR by maintaining their forest floor elevation relative to sea level through root growth, sedimentation, and peat development. Monitoring surface elevation change (SEC) or accretion rates allows us to understand mangrove response to SLR and prioritizes resilient ecosystems for conservation or vulnerable ecosystems for restoration. We compared three methods to measure SEC and accretion in mangrove forests: 210Pb, surface elevation tables (SETs), and a terrestrial light detection and ranging system (compact biomass LiDAR—CBL). Lead-210 accretion rates were not significantly different than SET SEC rates and differences between the two methods (− 2 to 2 mm/year) were within the error of our measurements. Lead-210 only measures accretion in the upper meter of sediment and cannot capture deeper subsurface processes (e.g., subsidence, compaction) that SETs can. The lack of differences suggests the following: (1) surface processes in the active root zone are influencing forest floor elevation more than subsurface processes, (2) subsurface processes were not large enough to effect elevation, or (3) the SETs were not installed deep enough to capture subsurface processes. CBL SEC rates did not differ significantly from SET SEC rates. The larger spatial scale of the CBL scans resulted in significantly different SEC rates from some of the plots. This was due to the CBL measuring areas missed by the SET. The greater number of points measured by CBL (~ 30,000 vs 36) increased precision and lowered standard error. The traditional SET/rSET method is currently 3–10 × cheaper than the 210Pb or CBL method, respectively, and can accurately track changes in forest floor elevation. Costs of the use of LiDAR are likely to decrease in the future with the advent of newer and more cost-effective technology.
The southern tip of North America coalesces into one of the world’s largest freshwater wetlands, the Everglades, Florida, USA. Though this region is much like an island, home to high biodiversity and endemism, it is also the site of a century of development and associated landscape-scale species invasions. Melaleuca quinquenervia (hereafter melaleuca), a tree native to tropical Australia, was planted extensively throughout south Florida as street trees, levee stabilizers, and later to reduce standing water in marshy areas. Through extensive cooperation with the United States Department of Agriculture’s Australian Biological Control Laboratory, several biological control agents were released, three of which later successfully established. Herein we examine evidence that plant community shifts determined from vegetation surveys and remotely sensed images reflect changes from melaleuca-dominated wetlands (before management) to native communities (after management). Melaleuca-dominated community types decreased from 1990 to 2020 by more than 99%. Vegetation surveys also reflect an increase in cypress wetlands, pinelands, and open water wetlands, all of which were dominated by melaleuca in previous decades. We also found the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) increased in melaleuca-invaded wetlands during peak infestations but decreased again after communities recovered to sawgrass-dominated wetlands. These responses are concomitant with the development of integrative management techniques for melaleuca that include mechanical, chemical, and biological control. Our results confirm previous findings that biological control likely augments conventional management methods by limiting recovery of invasive species.
The Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP) was initiated in 2008. Over two phases PlioMIP has helped co-ordinate the experimental design and publication strategy of the community, which has included an increasing number of climate models and modelling groups from around the world. It has engaged with palaeoenvironmental scientists to foster new data synthesis supporting the construction of new model boundary conditions, as well as to facilitate new data-model comparisons. The work has advanced our understanding of Pliocene climates and environments, enhanced our knowledge regarding the ability of complex climate and Earth System models to accurately simulate climate change, and helped to refine our estimates of how sensitive the climate system is to forcing conditions.
In this community protocol paper, we outline the scientific plan for PlioMIP Phase 3 (PlioMIP3). This plan provides the required guidance to participating modelling groups from around the world to successfully set up and perform PlioMIP3 climate model experiments. The project is open to new participants from the scientific community (both from the climate modelling and geosciences communities).
In PlioMIP3, we retain the PlioMIP2 Core experiments (Eoi400, E280) and extend the Core requirements to include either an experiment focussed on the Early Pliocene or an alternative Late Pliocene simulation (or both). These additions (a) allow a comparison of Early and Late Pliocene warm intervals and help build research connections and synergy with the MioMIP (Miocene Model Intercomparison Project - also known as DeepMIP-Miocene) and PlioMioVAR projects (Pliocene-Miocene Variability Working Group), and (b) create an alternative time slice simulation for 3.205 Ma (MIS KM5c) through removal of some of the largest palaeogeographic differences introduced between PlioMIP1 and 2 resulting in minimal land-sea mask variations from the modern. In addition, we present ten optional experiments designed to enhance our assessment of climate sensitivity and to explore the uncertainty in greenhouse gas-related forcing. For the first time, we introduce orbital sensitivity experiments into the science plan, as well as simulations incorporating dynamic vegetation-climate feedbacks and an experiment designed to examine the potential significance of East Antarctic Ice Sheet boundary condition uncertainty. These changes enhance palaeo-to-future scientific connections and enable an exploration of the significance of palaeogeographic uncertainties on climate simulations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2023.104316","usgsCitation":"Haywood, A.M., Tindall, J.C., Burton, L., Chandler, M., Dolan, A.M., Dowsett, H., Feng, R., Fletcher, T., Foley, K.M., Hill, D., Hunter, S., Otto-Bliesner, B., Lunt, D., Robinson, M., and Salzmann, U., 2024, Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 3 (PlioMIP3) – Science plan and experimental design: Global and Planeatary Change, v. 232, 104316, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2023.104316.","productDescription":"104316, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-152048","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440939,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2023.104316","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435078,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P14PKB9A","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Community-sourced lower Zanclean [early Pliocene] sea surface temperature (SST) data"},{"id":424131,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"232","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haywood, Alan M","contributorId":206288,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haywood","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tindall, Julia C.","contributorId":147376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tindall","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burton, Lauren","contributorId":332960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burton","given":"Lauren","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chandler, M.A.","contributorId":26874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandler","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":891543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dolan, Aisling M","contributorId":206287,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dolan","given":"Aisling","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dowsett, Harry J. 0000-0003-1983-7524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":316789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"Harry J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Feng, R.","contributorId":291865,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feng","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36710,"text":"University of Connecticut","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fletcher, Tamara","contributorId":332961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fletcher","given":"Tamara","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Foley, Kevin M. 0000-0003-1013-462X kfoley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1013-462X","contributorId":2543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"Kevin","email":"kfoley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hill, Daniel","contributorId":206286,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hill","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hunter, Stephen","contributorId":332962,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hunter","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Otto-Bliesner, B.","contributorId":291867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Otto-Bliesner","given":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":24610,"text":"NCAR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Lunt, D.J.","contributorId":105127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lunt","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":891546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Robinson, Marci M. 0000-0002-9200-4097","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9200-4097","contributorId":261664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Marci M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Salzmann, U.","contributorId":95711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Salzmann","given":"U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":891547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70251247,"text":"70251247 - 2024 - Co-production of models to evaluate conservation alternatives for a threatened fish in a rapidly changing landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-31T12:59:01.02621","indexId":"70251247","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-12T06:56:13","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":873,"text":"Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Co-production of models to evaluate conservation alternatives for a threatened fish in a rapidly changing landscape","docAbstract":"Reintroductions are one means of managing species distributions, but the feasibility of such efforts is uncertain. Here we consider reintroduction for threatened bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) that currently occupy a small fraction of historically occupied habitats in the upper Klamath River basin owing to climate warming and human modifications of ecosystems. We engaged stakeholders across multiple organizations to co-produce a decision support model that estimated the potential of reintroduction to establish new populations and persistence of donor populations. Stakeholders identified recipient and donor populations, strategy (e.g., artificial propagation, translocation), number of individuals, and life stage of bull trout. The most optimal decision for reintroduction was artificial propagation of 10,000 fry into Annie Creek. This strategy may have negative consequences on donor populations, with the exception of Sun Creek, which was resilient to simulated removal of bull trout. Donor populations and recipient streams identified as most feasible were generally consistent across all of these scenarios. During model development, however, an unexpected and intense wildfire affected half of the streams considered and may have dramatically impacted donor populations. With models in hand from the initial feasibility assessment, we adapted them to further evaluate the potential of supplementation following this massive disturbance. Overall, results of this study indicate the value of developing co-produced tools that can be rapidly adapted to evaluate the consequences of whole-system transformations in near-real-time assessments.
Ecological restoration is an essential strategy for mitigating the current biodiversity crisis, yet restoration actions are costly. We used systematic conservation planning principles to design an approach that prioritizes restoration sites for birds and tested it in a riparian forest restoration program in the Colorado River Delta. Restoration goals were to maximize the abundance and diversity of 15 priority birds with a variety of habitat preferences. We built abundance models for priority birds based on the current landscape, and predicted bird distributions and relative abundances under a scenario of complete riparian forest restoration throughout our study area. Then, we used Zonation conservation planning software to rank this restored landscape based on core areas for all priority birds. The locations with the highest ranks represented the highest priorities for restoration and were located throughout the river reach. We optimized how much of the available landscape to restore by simulating restoration of the top 10–90% of ranked sites in 10% intervals. We found that total diversity was maximized when 40% of the landscape was restored, and mean relative abundance was maximized when 80% of the landscape was restored. The results suggest that complete restoration is not optimal for this community of priority birds and restoration of approximately 60% of the landscape would provide a balance between maximum relative abundance and diversity. Subsequent planning efforts will combine our results with an assessment of restoration costs to provide further decision support for the restoration-siting process. Our approach can be applied to any landscape-scale restoration program to improve the return on investment of limited economic resources for restoration.
Fisheries and aquaculture provide food and economic security, especially in the developing world, but both face challenges from infectious disease. Here, we consider management of disease issues from a structured decision-making perspective to examine how infectious disease can threaten seafood production and influence management decisions. For both wild fisheries and aquaculture, disease-management objectives generally aim to mitigate the severity and economic burden of outbreaks. General management strategies include manipulating host densities, reducing system connectivity, conserving or improving habitat, and implementing direct treatments or some other biological interventions. To inform decisions, mathematical models can be used to explore disease dynamics and to forecast the potential effectiveness of alternative management actions. Developing and implementing disease-management strategies also involve considering uncertainties and balancing competing stakeholder interests and risk tolerances. We conclude by outlining several steps for applying structured decision making that are broadly useful to decision makers facing issues related to disease.
Wildlife-related recreationists play an important role in conservation. Understanding constraints to wildlife-related activities is critical for maintaining or increasing participation in activities like birdwatching and hunting. A mail-out survey was administered to a generalized sample representative of U.S. residents (i.e., not specific to birdwatching or hunting) in early 2017 to determine what would limit them from participating in birdwatching and hunting (n = 1030). We employed a concurrent nested mixed-methods design: open-ended responses were thematically coded qualitatively in two distinct cycles (i.e., inductive, and then mixed inductive-deductive coding), and then the probability of expressing the second cycle codes was quantitatively modeled using multinomial logit models for the respective activities. Doing so empirically determined various groups’ constraints that are important to recruitment, retention, and reactivation (R3) efforts for birdwatching and hunting. We found that the likelihood of experiencing unique constraints varied based on sociodemographic characteristics, and these relationships differed between birdwatching and hunting. Gender had a limited effect on constraints to birdwatching but was a strong indicator of intrapersonal constraints and limitations to involvement in hunting. The likelihood of expressing structural constraints decreased with age for both activities. Possessing strong social ties to the activities tended to reduce the likelihood of expressing constraints overall but this was especially true for hunting. Our findings inform R3 efforts for wildlife-related recreation and provide direct results that organizations can apply in seeking to help Americans negotiate constraints and increase and diversify participation in wildlife-related recreation and conservation behavior.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jort.2023.100712","usgsCitation":"Cole, N.W., Wilkins, E.J., Clements, K., Schuster, R., Dayer, A., Harshaw, H.W., Fulton, D.C., Duberstein, J., and Raedeke, A., 2024, Perceived constraints to participating in wildlife-related recreation: Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, v. 45, 100712, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2023.100712.","productDescription":"100712, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-112562","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440952,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2023.100712","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":424223,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cole, Nicholas W. 0000-0003-1204-971X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1204-971X","contributorId":278636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilkins, Emily J. 0000-0003-3055-4808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3055-4808","contributorId":328409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilkins","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clements, Kaylin 0000-0002-0014-4376","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0014-4376","contributorId":333041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clements","given":"Kaylin","affiliations":[{"id":27102,"text":"USGS student contractor","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schuster, Rudy 0000-0003-2353-8500 schusterr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2353-8500","contributorId":3119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Rudy","email":"schusterr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":891749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dayer, Ashley A.","contributorId":278637,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dayer","given":"Ashley A.","affiliations":[{"id":36967,"text":"Virginia Tech University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Harshaw, H. W. 0000-0001-9568-772X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9568-772X","contributorId":333042,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harshaw","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":36696,"text":"University of Alberta","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fulton, David C. 0000-0001-5763-7887","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5763-7887","contributorId":333043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":79716,"text":"Minnesota Cooperative Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":891752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Duberstein, Jennifer N.","contributorId":278642,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duberstein","given":"Jennifer N.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Raedeke, Andrew H.","contributorId":278640,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raedeke","given":"Andrew H.","affiliations":[{"id":16971,"text":"Missouri Department of Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70250575,"text":"70250575 - 2024 - Bobcat occupancy, tree islands, and invasive Burmese pythons in an Everglades conservation area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-25T14:47:10.411708","indexId":"70250575","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-11T06:50:41","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":16872,"text":"The Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bobcat occupancy, tree islands, and invasive Burmese pythons in an Everglades conservation area","docAbstract":"Bobcats (Lynx rufus) are terrestrial mammals that also inhabit tree islands (i.e., topographically elevated patches of forested land) embedded in the subtropical Everglades wetlands, which serve as a dry refuge habitat during the wet season in this region of Florida, USA. The Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan seeks to restore Everglades water flow to pre-drainage conditions, but little is known about how water levels or other landscape-level factors may influence mammalian occurrence, such as bobcats, on the tree islands in this ecosystem. We used game camera records and occupancy modeling to test for effects of static habitat variables and dynamic hydrologic variables. We hypothesized that deep water levels would limit the accessibility of tree islands to bobcats; therefore, we predicted that bobcat occupancy would decline with higher water levels. We also tested for the effect of an expanding invasive snake (i.e., Burmese python [Python molarus bivittatus]) using output from a model constructed to predict density and spread of Burmese pythons across southern Florida. We hypothesized that increases in Burmese pythons on the landscape would influence the food resources of bobcats, resulting in reduced bobcat occupancy at higher predicted densities of pythons. We built detection histories using 1,855 bobcat images from game cameras set on 87 tree islands in an Everglades conservation area from 2005–2019. Bobcat occupancy was significantly diminished when predicted Burmese python densities exceeded approximately 3 Burmese pythons/km2. Bobcat occupancy probability also increased with tree-island density around the focal tree island. Although water depth and hydroperiod surrounding tree islands appeared in our top 3 candidate models, the hydrologic variables had weak effects on bobcat occupancy. Our results suggest that while hydrologic dynamics may play a role, the invasive Burmese python has stronger influences on bobcat occupancy of tree islands in this Everglades conservation area.
Ecologists have studied the role of interspecific competition in structuring ecological communities for decades. Differential weather effects on animal competitors may be a particularly important factor contributing to the outcome of competitive interactions, though few studies have tested this hypothesis in free-ranging animals. Specifically, weather might influence competitive dynamics by altering competitor densities and/or per-capita competitive effects on demographic vital rates. We used a 9-year data set of marked individuals to test for direct and interactive effects of weather and competitor density on survival probability in two coexisting mammalian congeners: Columbian ground squirrels (Urocitellus columbianus) and northern Idaho ground squirrels (Urocitellus brunneus). Ambient temperature and precipitation influenced survival probability in both species, but the effects of weather differed between the two species. Moreover, density of the larger Columbian ground squirrel negatively impacted survival probability in the smaller northern Idaho ground squirrel (but not vice versa), and the strength of the negative effect was exacerbated by precipitation. That is, cooler, wetter conditions benefited the larger competitor to the detriment of the smaller species. Our results suggest weather-driven environmental variation influences the competitive equilibrium between ecologically similar mammals of differential body size. Whether future climate change leads to the competitive exclusion of either species will likely depend on the mechanism(s) explaining the coexistence of these competing species. Divergent body size and, hence, differences in thermal tolerance and giving up densities offer potential explanations for the weather-dependent competitive asymmetry we documented, especially if the larger species competitively excludes the smaller species from habitat patches of shared preference via interference.
The economic feasibility of gas production from hydrate deposits is critical for hydrate to become an energy resource. Permeability in hydrate-bearing sediments dictates gas and water flow rates and needs to be accurately evaluated. Published permeability studies of hydrate-bearing sediments mostly quantify vertical permeability; however, the flow is mainly horizontal during gas production in layered reservoirs. Additionally, ASTM standards require a hydraulic gradient of 10–30 to be used during laboratory permeability measurements, but the gradient is much higher in the field, particularly near a production well. To address these issues, this study focuses on the hydraulic properties of a sandy silt subsample of the hydrate reservoir and a clayey silt subsample of the fine-grained, hydrate-free interbed recovered from a GC955 deep-water Gulf of Mexico gas hydrate reservoir. We characterize the sediment pore space with water retention curves for both hydrate-free and hydrate-bearing samples (hydrate saturation, Sh =80 %). Vertical deformation with increasing stress is also quantified while consolidating the samples to the 4 MPa in situ vertical effective stress. The customized permeameter measures both the horizontal and vertical permeability with increasing stress. Results show that high hydraulic gradients lower permeability in the flow direction, possibly due to increased flow tortuosity and local sediment compaction from the high seepage force. Assuming a single permeability value, even though hydraulic gradients decrease with distance from the well, is not realistic for field estimations. The results highlight that permeability anisotropy, hydrate saturation, stress conditions, and hydraulic gradient all substantially impact reservoir permeability during production.
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are frequently detected in marine environments, posing a threat to aquatic organisms. Our previous research demonstrated the occurrence of neuroactive compounds in effluent and sediments from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in a fjord North of Stavanger, the fourth-largest city in Norway. To better understand the influence of PPCP mixtures on fish, Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) were caged for one month in 3 locations: site 1 (reference), site 2 (WWTP discharge), and site 3 (6.7 km west of discharge). Transcriptomic profiling was conducted in the brains of exposed fish and detection of PPCPs in WWTP effluent and muscle fillets were determined. Caffeine (47.8 ng/L), benzotriazole (10.9 ng/L), N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) (5.6 ng/L), methyl-1H-benzotriazole (5.5 ng/L), trimethoprim (3.4 ng/L), carbamazepine (2.1 ng/L), and nortriptyline (0.4 ng/L) were detected in the WWTP effluent. Octocrylene concentrations were observed in muscle tissue at all sites and ranged from 53 to 193 ng/g. Nervous system function and endocrine system disorders were the top enriched disease and function pathways predicted in male and female fish at site 2, with the top shared canonical pathways involved with estrogen receptor and Sirtuin signaling. At the discharge site, predicted disease and functional responses in female brains were involved in cellular assembly, organization, and function, tissue development, and nervous system development, whereas male brains were involved in connective tissue development, function, and disorders, nervous system development and function, and neurological disease. The top shared canonical pathways in females and males were involved in fatty acid activation and tight junction signaling. This study suggests that pseudopersistent, chronic exposure of native juvenile Atlantic cod from this ecosystem to PPCPs may alter neuroendocrine and neuron development.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169110","usgsCitation":"Magnuson, J.T., Sydnes, M.O., Raeder, E.M., Schlenk, D., and Pampanin, D.M., 2024, Transcriptomic profiles of brains in juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) exposed to pharmaceuticals and personal care products from a wastewater treatment plant discharge: Science of the Total Environment, v. 912, 169110, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169110.","productDescription":"169110, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-158382","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":424280,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Norway","city":"Stavanger","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 5.189191946629705,\n 59.15422889863524\n ],\n [\n 5.189191946629705,\n 58.93276153443935\n ],\n [\n 5.832419933115403,\n 58.93276153443935\n ],\n [\n 5.832419933115403,\n 59.15422889863524\n ],\n [\n 5.189191946629705,\n 59.15422889863524\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"912","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Magnuson, Jason Tyler 0000-0001-6841-8014","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6841-8014","contributorId":329838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magnuson","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"Tyler","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sydnes, Magne O.","contributorId":333084,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sydnes","given":"Magne","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":79723,"text":"University of Stavanger","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Raeder, Erik Magnus","contributorId":333085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raeder","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"Magnus","affiliations":[{"id":40295,"text":"Norwegian University of Life Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schlenk, Daniel","contributorId":221106,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schlenk","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12655,"text":"University of California, Riverside","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pampanin, Daniela M.","contributorId":333086,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pampanin","given":"Daniela","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":79723,"text":"University of Stavanger","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}