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,{"id":30273,"text":"wri844121 - 1985 - Compilation of water resources development and hydrologic data of Saipan, Mariana Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:51","indexId":"wri844121","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4121","title":"Compilation of water resources development and hydrologic data of Saipan, Mariana Islands","docAbstract":"Saipan is the largest island of the Northern Mariana Islands, a chain of 14 islands north of Guam. Saipan comprises one third of the land area of the islands. No long-term rainfall record is available at any location, but some rainfall records are for periods up to 16 years, some of which began in 1901. Average annual rainfall for the island is 81 inches, with the southern end receiving about 10 inches less annually than the rest of the island. The amount of rainfall which runs off in northeast Saipan ranges from 23 to 64 percent and averages about 40 percent. Runoff on the rest of the island is from springs or occurs only during heavy rainfall. Surface-water development appears impractical. Ground water is the main source of water for the island and production was almost 4 million gallons per day in 1982. However, chloride concentration in ground water exceeds 1,000 milligrams per liter in many locations. The average chloride concentration of the domestic water stays near the maximum permissible level (600 milligrams per liter). This report summarizes the history of the water-resources development and presents all available hydrologic data, including rainfall records since 1901, streamflow records since 1968, and drilling logs, pumping tests, chemical analyses, and production figures from 180 testholes and wells drilled on Saipan. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844121","usgsCitation":"Van der Brug, O., 1985, Compilation of water resources development and hydrologic data of Saipan, Mariana Islands: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4121, x, 578 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844121.","productDescription":"x, 578 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123890,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4121/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59056,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4121/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8408","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van der Brug, Otto","contributorId":37347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van der Brug","given":"Otto","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30279,"text":"wri844307 - 1985 - Preliminary assessment of the ground-water resources of the alluvial aquifer, White River valley, Rio Blanco County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:51","indexId":"wri844307","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4307","title":"Preliminary assessment of the ground-water resources of the alluvial aquifer, White River valley, Rio Blanco County, Colorado","docAbstract":"A preliminary study of the alluvial aquifer in the White River Valley was conducted to assess aquifer extent and the occurrence , availability, and chemical quality of water in the aquifer. The aquifer in the study area underlies 35 square miles. Aquifer width ranges from 0.1 to 1.5 miles and averages 0.5 miles. Saturated thickness ranges from zero to more than 140 feet and averages 22 feet. The aquifer is unconfined except west of the Grand Hogback, where artesian conditions were observed at several locations. Well yields usually are less than 25 gallons per minute. At the Meeker municipal well field in Agency Park, wells reportedly could yield more than 1,000 gallons per minute each. Based on nine aquifer tests, transmissivity ranges from 860 to 93,000 feet squared per day, and hydraulic conductivity ranges from 70 to 1,550 feet per day. The estimated total volume of water in storage in the aquifer in the study area is 103,000 acre-feet. Groundwater type in the eastern part of the study area is calcium bicarbonate; to the west, water type is sodium sulfate. Water in the aquifer is classified as very hard throughout the study area. Specific conductance generally increases from east to west. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/wri844307","usgsCitation":"Van Liew, W.P., and Gesink, M., 1985, Preliminary assessment of the ground-water resources of the alluvial aquifer, White River valley, Rio Blanco County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4307, vii, 82 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844307.","productDescription":"vii, 82 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159340,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4307/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59063,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4307/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59064,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4307/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59065,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4307/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59066,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4307/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59067,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4307/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":59068,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4307/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4870","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Liew, W. P.","contributorId":78370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Liew","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gesink, M.L.","contributorId":6489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gesink","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28910,"text":"wri834263 - 1985 - Calibration procedure for a daily flow model of small watersheds with snowmelt runoff in the Green River coal region of Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-06T20:34:32.885086","indexId":"wri834263","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4263","title":"Calibration procedure for a daily flow model of small watersheds with snowmelt runoff in the Green River coal region of Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>A calibration procedure was developed for the U.S. Geological Survey 's Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System for watersheds in which snowmelt is the major contributor to runoff. The model uses daily values of air temperature and precipitation as input and the output is mean daily discharge. The procedure appears sufficient to calibrate both streamflow volume and the timing of mean daily discharge if other model parameters are reasonably estimated. Model structure and sensitivity analysis suggest that one of the most important parameters is the available water-holding capacity of the soil (SMAX). Changing this parameter through a series of iterations, the calibration procedure minimizes the error between observed and predicted annual discharge. The calibration suggests that the single parameter SMAX may be sufficient for optimizing both the volumes and the timing of runoff, assuming other model parameters are adequately estimated. Additional optimization on parameters sensitive to timing does not appear to improve prediction. This indicates that these parameters were estimated accurately prior to calibration. Further investigation is needed on more watersheds to determine SMAX 's ability to calibrate volume and timing with a constant set of other model parameter values.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri834263","usgsCitation":"Norris, J.M., and Parker, R.S., 1985, Calibration procedure for a daily flow model of small watersheds with snowmelt runoff in the Green River coal region of Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4263, iv, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834263.","productDescription":"iv, 32 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":411518,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35891.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":57780,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4263/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124055,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4263/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Green River coal region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -107.433,\n              40.683\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.433,\n              40.183\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.75,\n              40.183\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.75,\n              40.683\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.433,\n              40.683\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e703c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Norris, J. M.","contributorId":87953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norris","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parker, R. S.","contributorId":104510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28911,"text":"wri844337 - 1985 - Summary of hydrologic information for the Denver coal region, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:48","indexId":"wri844337","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4337","title":"Summary of hydrologic information for the Denver coal region, Colorado","docAbstract":"A literature review of available hydrologic information for the Denver coal region is presented. Where little information is available, data from the U.S. Geological Survey 's WATSTORE data base are summarized. The information is divided into three categories: surface water, surface water quality, and groundwater. Data generally are lacking on surface water and surface water quality. The effects of man 's activities on streamflow quantity and quality are not known. Considerable literature is available on the major aquifers in the area, but less is known about the shallow groundwater system. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844337","usgsCitation":"Norris, J.M., Robson, S.G., and Parker, R.S., 1985, Summary of hydrologic information for the Denver coal region, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4337, v, 68 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844337.","productDescription":"v, 68 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159122,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4337/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57781,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4337/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57782,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4337/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57783,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4337/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57784,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4337/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db69915c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Norris, J. M.","contributorId":87953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norris","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robson, S. G.","contributorId":97102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parker, R. S.","contributorId":104510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":30606,"text":"wri854265 - 1985 - Quality of storm-water runoff, Mililani Town, Oahu, Hawaii, 1980-84","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:13","indexId":"wri854265","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4265","title":"Quality of storm-water runoff, Mililani Town, Oahu, Hawaii, 1980-84","docAbstract":"Storm water runoff and rainfall data were collected at two urban sites in Mililani Town, Oahu, Hawaii between September 1980 and August 1984. The data included results from analyses of 300 samples of storm water runoff. Turbidity, suspended solids, Kjeldahl nitrogen, and phosphorus concentrations exceeded the State of Hawaii Department of Health 's streamwater standards in more than 50% of the samples. Mercury, lead, and fecal coliform bacteria levels exceeded the U.S. EPA 's recommended criteria for either freshwater aquatic life or shellfish harvesting waters in more than half the samples. Other constituents exceeding State or federal standards in at least one sample included pH, cadmium, nitrate plus nitrite, iron, alkalinity, manganese, chromium, copper, zinc, and the pesticides heptachlor , lindane, and melathion. Runoff correlated well with rainfall in both basins. Antecedent rainfall conditions and rainfall intensity had little effect on the quality of runoff. No statistically significant relationships were found between quantity of runoff and concentration of water quality constituents. A ' first flush ' effect was observed for chemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, lead, nitrate plus nitrite, fecal coliform bacteria, dissolved solids, and mercury. There were significant (alpha = 0.05) differences between the two basins for values of discharge, turbidity, specific conductance, chemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, nitrate plus nitrite, phosphorus, lead, dissolved solids, and mercury. The larger basin had higher median and maximum values, and wider ranges of values. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854265","usgsCitation":"Yamane, C.M., and Lum, M.G., 1985, Quality of storm-water runoff, Mililani Town, Oahu, Hawaii, 1980-84: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4265, vii, 64 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854265.","productDescription":"vii, 64 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161181,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4265/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59373,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4265/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8fe4b07f02db654a2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yamane, Cheryl M.","contributorId":58691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yamane","given":"Cheryl","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lum, Marty G.","contributorId":75592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lum","given":"Marty","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":29840,"text":"wri844352 - 1985 - Water-quality conditions and an evaluation of ground- and surface-water sampling programs in the Livermore-Amador Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-13T21:31:34.004849","indexId":"wri844352","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4352","title":"Water-quality conditions and an evaluation of ground- and surface-water sampling programs in the Livermore-Amador Valley, California","docAbstract":"A program to monitor the ground- and surface water quality in the Livermore-Amador Valley has been operated since 1976. As of 1982, this monitoring network consisted of approximately 130 wells, about 100 of which were constructed specifically for this program, and 9 surface water stations. Increased demand on the groundwater for municipal and industrial water supply in the past has caused a decline in water levels and a gradual buildup of salts from natural surface-water recharge and land disposal of treated wastewater from waste treatment plants. Results of this study identify the salt buildup to be the major problem with the groundwater quality. Established water quality objectives for dissolved solids are exceeded in 52 of 130 wells. Concentrations of dissolved nitrate are also in excess of basin objectives and health standards. Water quality in both surface and groundwater is highly variable areally. Magnesium to calcium magnesium bicarbonate groundwater are found in the areas where most of the high volume municipal wells are located. Large areas of sodium bicarbonate water occur in the northern part of the valley. Except for two stations on Arroyo Las Positas which has sodium chloride water, surface water is mixed-cation bicarbonate water. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri844352","usgsCitation":"Sorenson, S.K., Cascos, P.V., and Glass, R.L., 1985, Water-quality conditions and an evaluation of ground- and surface-water sampling programs in the Livermore-Amador Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4352, Report: v, 34 p.; 9 Plates: 29.00 × 17.86 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844352.","productDescription":"Report: v, 34 p.; 9 Plates: 29.00 × 17.86 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":58646,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4352/plate-9.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58645,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4352/plate-8.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58644,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4352/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":392830,"rank":12,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36185.htm"},{"id":58641,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4352/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58640,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4352/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58639,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4352/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58638,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4352/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58647,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4352/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58643,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4352/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58642,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4352/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119464,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4352/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Livermore - Amador Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122,\n              37.611\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.625,\n              37.611\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.625,\n              37.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -122,\n              37.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -122,\n              37.611\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e68cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sorenson, S. K.","contributorId":28268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorenson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cascos, P. V.","contributorId":58312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cascos","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Glass, R. L.","contributorId":80279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glass","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":30292,"text":"wri854189 - 1985 - Selected methods for dissolved iron (II, III) and dissolved sulfide (-II) determinations in geothermal waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:55","indexId":"wri854189","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4189","title":"Selected methods for dissolved iron (II, III) and dissolved sulfide (-II) determinations in geothermal waters","docAbstract":"Dissolved sulfide (-II) and dissolved iron (II, III) were determined in geothermal well water samples collected at Cerro Prieto, Mexico. Most samples consisted of liquid and gas (two phases) at the instant of collection; and a subset of samples, referred to as ' flashed ' samples, consisted of pressurized steam samples which were allowed to condense. Sulfide was determined by sulfide specific ion electrode; Fe(II) and Fe(III) plus Fe(II) were determined spectrophotometrically. The precision and accuracy of the methods were evaluated for these high-silica waters with replicate analyses, spike recoveries, and an alternate method. Direct current (d.c.) argon plasma emission spectrometry was the alternate method used for Fe(III)-plus-Fe(II) analyses. Mean dissolved iron concentrations ranged from 20.2 to 834 micrograms/L (ug/L) as Fe(II) and 26.8 to 904 ug/L as Fe(III) plus Fe(II). Mean sulfide concentrations ranged from about 0.01 to 5.3 mg/L (S-II) Generally, higher S(-II) values and larger Fe(II)/Fe(III) ratios were found in the two-phase samples. These findings suggest that the ' flashed ' samples are at a less reduced state than the two-phase samples. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nOpen-File Services Section, Western Distribution Branch, U.S. Geological Survey [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri854189","usgsCitation":"Vivit, D., and Jenne, E., 1985, Selected methods for dissolved iron (II, III) and dissolved sulfide (-II) determinations in geothermal waters: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4189, iv, 16 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854189.","productDescription":"iv, 16 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159851,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4189/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59082,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4189/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e0e4b07f02db5e3f8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vivit, D.V.","contributorId":28609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vivit","given":"D.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenne, E. A.","contributorId":45716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenne","given":"E. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":29386,"text":"wri854097 - 1985 - Hydrology of the Reelfoot Lake basin, Obion and Lake counties, northwestern Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:55","indexId":"wri854097","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4097","title":"Hydrology of the Reelfoot Lake basin, Obion and Lake counties, northwestern Tennessee","docAbstract":"Nine maps describe the following water resources aspects of the Reelfoot Lake watershed: Map 1-Surface water gaging stations, lake level, and locations of observation wells, rainfall stations and National Weather Service rainfall stations; Maps 2 and 3-water level contours, river stage, groundwater movement; Maps 4 and 5-grid blocks simulating constant head on the Mississippi River, Reelfoot Lake, Running Reelfoot Bayou, Reelfoot Creek, and Running Slough; Maps 6 and 7-difference between model calculated and observed water levels; and Maps 8 and 9-line of equal groundwater level increase and approximate lake area at pool elevation. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854097","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C.H., 1985, Hydrology of the Reelfoot Lake basin, Obion and Lake counties, northwestern Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4097, iv, 29 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854097.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2426,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri85-4097","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":159763,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":58231,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4097/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58232,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4097/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58233,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4097/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58234,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4097/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58235,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4097/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58236,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4097/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58237,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4097/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58238,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4097/plate-8.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58239,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4097/plate-9.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdbc7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C. H.","contributorId":54210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30295,"text":"wri844355 - 1985 - A gazetteer of surface-mine lakes, Eastern Interior Coal Province, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:55","indexId":"wri844355","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4355","title":"A gazetteer of surface-mine lakes, Eastern Interior Coal Province, Illinois","docAbstract":"Hundreds of lakes have been formed as a result of surface mining in Area 35 of the Eastern Interior Coal Province in Illinois. This gazetteer contains physical and chemical data from 107 surface-mine lakes sampled from June through August 1983. Information collected includes location, morphology, and vertical profile measurements of water quality of the lakes. Sampled lakes range in size from 8.8 to 210 acres, and are from 4.0 to 92.0 feet deep. Maximum widths range from 0.03 to 0.35 mile, and maximum lengths range from 0.27 to 3.08 miles. Some lake waters were stratified, whereas others were completely mixed. General water quality differed widely among the lakes. Specific conductances ranged from 130 to 7,800 micromhos per centimeter (at 25 degrees Celsius). Specific conductances of 2 ,000 to 5,000 micromhos per centimeter were most prevalent. The pH values ranged from 1.8 to 9.6 at the surface, whereas bottom measurements ranged from 2.0 to 8.5. Water temperatures near the surface ranged from 22.5 degrees Celsius in June to 34.5 degrees Celsius in August. Dissolved-oxygen concentrations differed greatly among the lakes; concentrations near the surface ranged from 6.0 to 13.2 milligrams per liter. Transparencies ranged from 0.3 to 35.4 feet. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844355","usgsCitation":"Voelker, D.C., 1985, A gazetteer of surface-mine lakes, Eastern Interior Coal Province, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4355, iv, 81 p. :maps ;29 x 44 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844355.","productDescription":"iv, 81 p. :maps ;29 x 44 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123636,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4355/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59084,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4355/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae6b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voelker, D. C.","contributorId":36572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voelker","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30600,"text":"wri854061 - 1985 - Effects of fracturing on well yields in the coalfield areas of Wise and Dickenson counties, southwestern Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-05T22:49:52.757567","indexId":"wri854061","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4061","title":"Effects of fracturing on well yields in the coalfield areas of Wise and Dickenson counties, southwestern Virginia","docAbstract":"<p>Fracturing associated with lineaments are the primary influence on yields from wells in the coalfields of southwestern Virgnia. Graphical comparison of yield from wells shows that wells located in valleys with lineaments produce larger quantities of water than wells in valleys without lineaments. Pumping tests at wells located in valleys with lineaments indicate transmissivities as high as 598 ft2/d, caused principally by secondary permeability. Analysis of data collected from packer-injection tests in a test hole located on a ridge indicate relatively large hydraulic conductivities ranging from 2x10(sup -2) to 1x10(sup -1) feet per day in upper parts of the test hole, compared to values typical of unfractured rocks in the study area. Fracturing due to stress relief contribute to these large values. Yields from wells located on lineaments are consistently higher than well yields from wells in unfractured rock in the study area, but well yields from wells placed randomly in areas suspected of having stress relief fractures cannot be predicted.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854061","usgsCitation":"Wright, W.G., 1985, Effects of fracturing on well yields in the coalfield areas of Wise and Dickenson counties, southwestern Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4061, v, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854061.","productDescription":"v, 21 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":411460,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36241.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":59358,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4061/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119266,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4061/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","county":"Dickenson County, Wise County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.162,\n              37.283\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.162,\n              36.85\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.863,\n              36.85\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.863,\n              37.283\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.162,\n              37.283\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ee4b07f02db6153a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, W. G.","contributorId":19582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29348,"text":"wri844077 - 1985 - Geohydrology of the Delaware Basin and vicinity, Texas and New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:52","indexId":"wri844077","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4077","title":"Geohydrology of the Delaware Basin and vicinity, Texas and New Mexico","docAbstract":"The Delaware Basin study area includes four major aquifers: Capitan aquifer, Rustler Formation, Santa Rosa Sandstone (Dockum Group), and aquifers in the Cenozoic alluvium. Water from the Capitan aquifer is used for domestic and irrigation purposes in Eddy County, New Mexico, and for irrigation and industrial purposes in Texas. Available analyses indicate that dissolved solids concentrations range from 303 to 31,700 mg/L, chloride concentrations range from 16 to 16,689 mg/L, and fluoride concentrations range from 0.5 to 3.0 mg/L. The Rustler Formation contains water that generally is not suitable for domestic use because of its salinity. Chloride concentrations range from 15 to 210,000 mg/L, and dissolved solids concentrations range from 286 to 325,800 mg/L. Fluoride concentrations range from 0.5 to 11.4 mg/L. Water from this aquifer is used for irrigation and stock watering where it is of suitable quality. The Santa Rosa Sandstone is the principal source of groundwater in the western third of Lea County and in the eastern part of Eddy County. In parts of Texas, the Santa Rosa Sandstone and the Cenozoic alluvium are hydraulically connected and are called the Allurosa aquifer. The Santa Rosa Sandstone-Allurosa aquifer is the source of municipal supply for the cities of Barstow, Pecos, Monahans, and Kermit, Texas. Water quality is variable. For those analyses where the Santa Rosa Sandstone is a distinct entity, chloride concentrations range from 10 to 4,800 mg/L, dissolved solids concentrations range from 205 to 2,990 mg/L, and fluoride concentrations range from 0.4 to 5.0 mg/L. Water from the Cenozoic alluvium is used extensively for public water supplies, irrigation, industry, livestock watering, and rural-domestic supply throughout the Delaware Basin. The quality of water in the Cenozoic alluvium is variable. Chloride concentrations range from 5 to 7,400 mg/L, dissolved solids concentrations range from 188 to 15,000 mg/L, and fluoride concentrations range from 0.3 to 10 mg/L. The Cenozoic alluvium is hydraulically connected to Cretaceous units in parts of Reeves and Pecos Counties, Texas; in these areas, the units are considered as one aquifer, the Pecos aquifer. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri844077","usgsCitation":"Richey, S.F., Wells, J., and Stephens, K., 1985, Geohydrology of the Delaware Basin and vicinity, Texas and New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4077, vi, 99 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844077.","productDescription":"vi, 99 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123471,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4077/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58196,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4077/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58197,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4077/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58198,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4077/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58199,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4077/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58200,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4077/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58201,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4077/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58195,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4077/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b48a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richey, S. F.","contributorId":98740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richey","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wells, J.G.","contributorId":85198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stephens, K.T.","contributorId":40247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"K.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":41681,"text":"ofr85341 - 1985 - Arsenic, nitrate, iron, and hardness, in ground water, Goldstream Road, Yankovich Road, and Murphy Dome Road areas, (T.1N, R.2W, FM), Fairbanks, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-01T17:22:57.562505","indexId":"ofr85341","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-341","title":"Arsenic, nitrate, iron, and hardness, in ground water, Goldstream Road, Yankovich Road, and Murphy Dome Road areas, (T.1N, R.2W, FM), Fairbanks, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>Arsenic, nitrate, iron, and hardness in well water are concerns of homeowners and planners in the Fairbanks North Star Borough, Alaska. Arsenic and nitrate in water may affect human health. Iron and hardness can be aesthetically objectionable, impair plumbing systems, and discolor plumbing fixtures. This report is a compilation of the arsenic, nitrate, iron, and hardness data collected through February 1983 in the Goldstream Road, Murphy Dome Road, and Yankovich-Miller Hill Road areas of Fairbanks. Within these areas, concentrations of arsenic ranged from 0 to 1600 micrograms per liter, nitrate (as nitrogen) ranged from 0 to 78 milligrams per liter, iron ranged from 0 to 46 milligrams per liter, and hardness (as calcium carbonate) ranged from 34 to 1220 milligrams per liter.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr85341","usgsCitation":"Hopkins, G.C., and Maxwell, K.F., 1985, Arsenic, nitrate, iron, and hardness, in ground water, Goldstream Road, Yankovich Road, and Murphy Dome Road areas, (T.1N, R.2W, FM), Fairbanks, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-341, 2 Plates: 19.56 × 28.46 inches and 19.29 × 29.03 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85341.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 19.56 × 28.46 inches and 19.29 × 29.03 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":409926,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18996.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":79405,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0341/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":79404,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0341/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":135490,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Fairbanks","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -148.0469,\n              64.95\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.0469,\n              64.8636\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.8442,\n              64.8636\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.8442,\n              64.95\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.0469,\n              64.95\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672d00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hopkins, Gary C.","contributorId":33691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":225371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maxwell, Kevin F.","contributorId":25536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maxwell","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":225370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":40621,"text":"ofr8027 - 1985 - Federal coal resource occurrence and coal development potential maps of the Oak Spring 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, McKinley County, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:34","indexId":"ofr8027","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-27","title":"Federal coal resource occurrence and coal development potential maps of the Oak Spring 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, McKinley County, New Mexico","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr8027","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1985, Federal coal resource occurrence and coal development potential maps of the Oak Spring 7 1/2-minute Quadrangle, McKinley County, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-27, 3 maps, 1 data sheet :photocopy ;58 x 47 cm. +1 pamphlet (i, 18 leaves : map ; 28 cm.), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8027.","productDescription":"3 maps, 1 data sheet :photocopy ;58 x 47 cm. +1 pamphlet (i, 18 leaves : map ; 28 cm.)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":173131,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0027/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":77301,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0027/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":77302,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0027/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":77303,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0027/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":77304,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0027/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":77305,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0027/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fee4b07f02db5f6ab1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":530361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":40964,"text":"ofr85679 - 1985 - Potentiometric surface of the upper Floridan Aquifer, west-central Florida, September 1985","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:33","indexId":"ofr85679","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-679","title":"Potentiometric surface of the upper Floridan Aquifer, west-central Florida, September 1985","docAbstract":"The potentiometric surface is the level to which water will rise in tightly cased wells that tap the Upper Floridan aquifer. The surface is mapped by determining the altitude of water levels in a network of wells and is represented on maps by contours that connect points of equal altitude. Maps of the potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer in west-central Florida are prepared semiannually by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Southwest Florida Water Management District. Maps for May and September show, respectively, the potentiometric surfaces of the normally expected annual low and high water level conditions. The potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer is shown for September 1985. Most of the water level data were collected during September 9-13. Supplemental data were collected by other agencies and companies. The map represents water level conditions near the end of the summer rainy season when groundwater withdrawals for agricultural use are low. Hence, the potentiometric surface is near its highest level for the year. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr85679","usgsCitation":"Barr, G., 1985, Potentiometric surface of the upper Floridan Aquifer, west-central Florida, September 1985: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-679, 1 map :photocopy ;79 x 56 cm., on sheet 92 x 68 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85679.","productDescription":"1 map :photocopy ;79 x 56 cm., on sheet 92 x 68 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":173599,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":78856,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0679/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db682bdb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barr, G. L.","contributorId":22312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barr","given":"G. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":224251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":42108,"text":"ofr82117 - 1985 - Altitude and configuration of the water table in the High Plains aquifer of Kansas, pre-1950","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-19T22:00:30.151967","indexId":"ofr82117","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-117","title":"Altitude and configuration of the water table in the High Plains aquifer of Kansas, pre-1950","docAbstract":"<p>The High Plains aquifer in Kansas is a part of a regional system that extends from South Dakota to Texas. The aquifer in Kansas underlies an area of 31,000 square miles in the western and south-central part. The aquifer is a hydraulically connected assemblage of unconsolidated water-bearing deposits of Tertiary and Quaternary age. Maps at a scale of 1:500,000 show the altitude and configuration of the water table in Kansas prior to 1950. The water-table maps depict the water-level surface that was present prior to major development of the High Plains aquifer. Ground water moves from higher altitudes in the western part of the High Plains to lower altitudes in the eastern part at an average slope of 10 feet per mile. The upgradient flexure of water-table contours along some of the valleys indicates that ground water is discharged to the streams in those areas.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr82117","usgsCitation":"Stullken, L.E., and Pabst, M.E., 1985, Altitude and configuration of the water table in the High Plains aquifer of Kansas, pre-1950: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-117, 1 Plate: 43.56 × 31.40 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82117.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 43.56 × 31.40 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":168382,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":79849,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0117/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":391959,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13661.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"High Plains aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -102.04,\n              37\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.267,\n              37\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.267,\n              40\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.04,\n              40\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.04,\n              37\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adde4b07f02db686b17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stullken, Lloyd E.","contributorId":60609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stullken","given":"Lloyd","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":225953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pabst, Marilyn E.","contributorId":25566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pabst","given":"Marilyn","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":225952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":42114,"text":"ofr85750 - 1985 - Aeromagnetic map of Blue Eagle Mountain and vicinity, eastern Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:06","indexId":"ofr85750","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-750","title":"Aeromagnetic map of Blue Eagle Mountain and vicinity, eastern Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr85750","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1985, Aeromagnetic map of Blue Eagle Mountain and vicinity, eastern Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-750, 1 map :photocopy ;64 x 58 cm., on sheet 92 x 77 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85750.","productDescription":"1 map :photocopy ;64 x 58 cm., on sheet 92 x 77 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":168491,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":79855,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0750/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db6982b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":530840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":33573,"text":"b1605A - 1985 - Stratigraphic notes, 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-04T22:42:14.547616","indexId":"b1605A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1605","chapter":"A","title":"Stratigraphic notes, 1984","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b1605A","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1985, Stratigraphic notes, 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1605, 78 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1605A.","productDescription":"78 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":164145,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1605a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":61456,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1605a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":482850,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92745.htm","text":"The Big Island Formation, a Miocene formation in northern Elko County, Nevada, and adjacent Idaho, including a consideration of its composition and petrographic character","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":482851,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92746.htm","text":"Correlation and geographic extent of some Middle and Upper Devonian and Lower Mississippian black shales in the Appalachian basin","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":482852,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92750.htm","text":"The Surprise Canyon Formation; an Upper Mississippian and Lower Pennsylvanian(?) rock unit in the Grand Canyon, Arizona","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":482853,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92752.htm","text":"Revisions in the Tertiary stratigraphy of the east flank of the Diablo Range, central California","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":482854,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92754.htm","text":"Lower and Middle Pennsylvanian nomenclature in the Cumberland overthrust sheet of southeastern Kentucky and eastern Tennessee; a discussion","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":482855,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92755.htm","text":"The Ellenton Formation in South Carolina; a revised age designation from Cretaceous to Paleocene","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":482856,"rank":10,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92756.htm","text":"Stratigraphic nomenclature in the Richard Russell and Helen thrust sheets, Georgia and North Carolina","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":404375,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92743.htm","text":"Revision of some stratigraphic names in central Massachusetts","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aeaa5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":42014,"text":"ofr85637 - 1985 - Altitude of water table, surficial aquifer, Palm Beach County, Florida, November 9-14, 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:26","indexId":"ofr85637","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-637","title":"Altitude of water table, surficial aquifer, Palm Beach County, Florida, November 9-14, 1984","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr85637","usgsCitation":"Miller, W.L., 1985, Altitude of water table, surficial aquifer, Palm Beach County, Florida, November 9-14, 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-637, 1 map :photocopy ;32 x 39 cm., on sheet 46 x 61 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85637.","productDescription":"1 map :photocopy ;32 x 39 cm., on sheet 46 x 61 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169577,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":79769,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0637/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686992","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Wesley L.","contributorId":91859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Wesley","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":225839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":36475,"text":"fwsobs82_58_2 - 1985 - An ecological characterization of the Caloosahatchee River/Big Cypress watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:29","indexId":"fwsobs82_58_2","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/58.2","title":"An ecological characterization of the Caloosahatchee River/Big Cypress watershed","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Drew, R.D., and Schomer, N.S., 1985, An ecological characterization of the Caloosahatchee River/Big Cypress watershed: FWS/OBS 82/58.2, xvi, 225 p. : ill., maps; 28 cm.","productDescription":"xvi, 225 p. : ill., maps; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":94102,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015017872881?urlappend=%3Bseq=275"},{"id":167491,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db684c1d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drew, Richard D.","contributorId":7767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drew","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schomer, N. Scott","contributorId":101313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schomer","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":41987,"text":"ofr85736 - 1985 - Aeromagnetic map of Mt. Grafton and vicinity, eastern Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:02","indexId":"ofr85736","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-736","title":"Aeromagnetic map of Mt. Grafton and vicinity, eastern Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr85736","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1985, Aeromagnetic map of Mt. Grafton and vicinity, eastern Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-736, 1 map :photocopy ;52 x 41 cm., on sheet 77 x 61 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85736.","productDescription":"1 map :photocopy ;52 x 41 cm., on sheet 77 x 61 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":135428,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":79743,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0736/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db6981e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":530754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":38485,"text":"pp1402C - 1985 - Geochemistry of ground-water in two sandstone aquifer systems in the Northern Great Plains in parts of Montana and Wyoming, North Dakota, and South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T17:25:52.009157","indexId":"pp1402C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1402","chapter":"C","title":"Geochemistry of ground-water in two sandstone aquifer systems in the Northern Great Plains in parts of Montana and Wyoming, North Dakota, and South Dakota","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Kootenai Formation in the Judith Basin, Montana, and the </span><span>Lance Formation and Fox Hills Sandstone in the Powder River Basin, </span><span>Wyoming, constitute two important sandstone aquifer systems in the </span><span>Northern Great Plains region. Ground waters in each of these </span><span>systems evolve from low dissolved-solids concentration, near-neutral </span><span>pH, predominantly calcium and magnesium bicarbonate types in </span><span>their recharge areas, to high dissolved-solids concentration, high pH, </span><span>predominantly sodium-bicarbonate types in the basins. Oxidation </span><span>potentials decrease as the waters flow downgradient under confined </span><span>conditions. Calculation of the saturation states of aquifer minerals </span><span>suggests several groups of mineral phases that could control ground-</span><span>water chemistry. Mass transfer modeling indicates, however, that the </span><span>observed behavior of major and minor dissolved species in both </span><span>systems can satisfactorily be explained only by equilibration with cal</span><span>cite, dolomite, or calcite and dolomite. The geochemistry of these </span><span>systems is probably controlled by the incongruent dissolution of dolo</span><span>mite to form calcite. This reaction appears to be driven by cation ex</span><span>change and the dissolution of carbon dioxide. Plausible carbon diox</span><span>ide sources include organic carbon oxidation and lignite coalification. </span><span>Aluminosilicates influence major element chemistry primarily as sub</span><span>trates for cation exchange, which, in combination with carbonate </span><span>equilibria, buffer ground water pH at values of 8.5 to 8.9. Dissolved-</span><span>iron concentrations are controlled by equilibration with amorphous </span><span>ferric oxyhydroxides in oxidizing waters, with amorphous ferric </span><span>oxyhydroxides and siderite in moderately reducing waters, and with </span><span>siderite and amorphous ferrous sulfide in strongly reducing waters. </span><span>Measured variations in dissolved carbonate isotopic composition </span><span>compare favorably with carbon isotopic evolution, calculated by </span><span>assuming dedolomitization. </span></p><p><span>Recharge areas of the two systems are characterized by ground </span><span>waters with high tritium and carbon-14 activities and relatively low </span><span>dissolved-solids concentrations, with calcium and magnesium as the </span><span>predominant cations. Recharge temperatures, calculated from </span><span>dissolved-argon concentrations and 5</span><span>18</span><span>0 and SD isotopic measure</span><span>ments, indicate that recharge is derived primarily from spring snow-</span><span>melt rather than late spring and summer storms. Ground-water flow </span><span>directions are generally parallel to trends of increasing dissolved </span><span>solids concentrations and decreasing divalent to monovalent cation </span><span>concentration ratios. However, these trends are sometimes obscured </span><span>in areas of leakage or mixing. Further indication of leakage between </span><span>aquifers is provided by abrupt changes in major element and isotopic </span><span>chemistry, which are not characteristic of normally observed geo</span><span>chemical evolution. Ground-water flow rates, calculated by adjusting </span><span>measured carbon-14 activities for carbonate mass transfer, are com</span><span>parable to values calculated from aquifer tests and potentiometric </span><span>data. These carbon-14 flow rates average 1.6 meters per year for the </span><span>Second Cat Creek sandstone of the Kootenai Formation, and 1.3 </span><span>meters per year for the Lance-Fox Hills aquifer. </span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1402C","usgsCitation":"Henderson, T., 1985, Geochemistry of ground-water in two sandstone aquifer systems in the Northern Great Plains in parts of Montana and Wyoming, North Dakota, and South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1402, viii, 84 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1402C.","productDescription":"viii, 84 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119587,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1402c/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":65151,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1402c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Northern Great Plains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.01562499999999,\n              40.91351257612758\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.15234375,\n              40.91351257612758\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.15234375,\n              48.80686346108517\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.01562499999999,\n              48.80686346108517\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.01562499999999,\n              40.91351257612758\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1fe4b07f02db6aae76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henderson, Thomas","contributorId":86400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":38486,"text":"pp1402D - 1985 - Freshwater heads and ground-water temperatures in aquifers of the Northern Great Plains in parts of Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:50","indexId":"pp1402D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1402","chapter":"D","title":"Freshwater heads and ground-water temperatures in aquifers of the Northern Great Plains in parts of Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1402D","usgsCitation":"Lobmeyer, D., 1985, Freshwater heads and ground-water temperatures in aquifers of the Northern Great Plains in parts of Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1402, p. D1-D11; 1 plate in pocket, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1402D.","productDescription":"p. D1-D11; 1 plate in pocket","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123104,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1402d/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":65152,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1402d/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":65153,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1402d/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8620","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lobmeyer, D.H.","contributorId":106502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lobmeyer","given":"D.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":42324,"text":"ofr85753 - 1985 - Aeromagnetic map of the Reveille Range and vicinity, southern Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:02","indexId":"ofr85753","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-753","title":"Aeromagnetic map of the Reveille Range and vicinity, southern Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr85753","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1985, Aeromagnetic map of the Reveille Range and vicinity, southern Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-753, 1 map :photocopy ;64 x 56 cm., on sheet 92 x 74 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85753.","productDescription":"1 map :photocopy ;64 x 56 cm., on sheet 92 x 74 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":135346,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":80087,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0753/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aefe4b07f02db69168a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":530903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":32584,"text":"pp1333 - 1985 - An approach for appraising the accuracy of suspended-sediment data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:17","indexId":"pp1333","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1333","title":"An approach for appraising the accuracy of suspended-sediment data","docAbstract":"Procedures are presented for appraising the accuracy of suspended-sediment data. Types of errors involved are sampling error, spatial error, temporal error, and sediment-discharge error. The standard error of estimate is used to represent errors. Suspended-sediment data for 17 U.S. Geological Survey gaging stations in Arizona, California, Nebraska, New Mexico, Pennsylvania, and Washington are used in applications of the procedures. For the study sites, the magnitudes of the different types of error apparently vary directly with percentage of sediment-water mixture that is sand; when the percentage sand is relatively high, magnitudes of the different types of error have a relatively wide range. For seven sites of the Sacramento River , Calif., and its tributaries, the standard sampling error apparently can range from 2.5 percent when percentage sand is relatively low to 20 percent when percentage sand is relatively high. For 16 sites in Arizona, California, Nebraska, New Mexico, and Pennsylvania, the coefficient of variation for concentrations of suspended sediment across streams apparently can range from 2.5 percent (low percentage sand) to 70 percent (high percentage sand). (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1333","usgsCitation":"Burkham, D., 1985, An approach for appraising the accuracy of suspended-sediment data: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1333, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1333.","productDescription":"18 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123507,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1333/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":60410,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1333/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db6855e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burkham, D. E.","contributorId":97073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkham","given":"D. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}