Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are frequently detected in marine environments, posing a threat to aquatic organisms. Our previous research demonstrated the occurrence of neuroactive compounds in effluent and sediments from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in a fjord North of Stavanger, the fourth-largest city in Norway. To better understand the influence of PPCP mixtures on fish, Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) were caged for one month in 3 locations: site 1 (reference), site 2 (WWTP discharge), and site 3 (6.7 km west of discharge). Transcriptomic profiling was conducted in the brains of exposed fish and detection of PPCPs in WWTP effluent and muscle fillets were determined. Caffeine (47.8 ng/L), benzotriazole (10.9 ng/L), N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) (5.6 ng/L), methyl-1H-benzotriazole (5.5 ng/L), trimethoprim (3.4 ng/L), carbamazepine (2.1 ng/L), and nortriptyline (0.4 ng/L) were detected in the WWTP effluent. Octocrylene concentrations were observed in muscle tissue at all sites and ranged from 53 to 193 ng/g. Nervous system function and endocrine system disorders were the top enriched disease and function pathways predicted in male and female fish at site 2, with the top shared canonical pathways involved with estrogen receptor and Sirtuin signaling. At the discharge site, predicted disease and functional responses in female brains were involved in cellular assembly, organization, and function, tissue development, and nervous system development, whereas male brains were involved in connective tissue development, function, and disorders, nervous system development and function, and neurological disease. The top shared canonical pathways in females and males were involved in fatty acid activation and tight junction signaling. This study suggests that pseudopersistent, chronic exposure of native juvenile Atlantic cod from this ecosystem to PPCPs may alter neuroendocrine and neuron development.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169110","usgsCitation":"Magnuson, J.T., Sydnes, M.O., Raeder, E.M., Schlenk, D., and Pampanin, D.M., 2024, Transcriptomic profiles of brains in juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) exposed to pharmaceuticals and personal care products from a wastewater treatment plant discharge: Science of the Total Environment, v. 912, 169110, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169110.","productDescription":"169110, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-158382","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":424280,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Norway","city":"Stavanger","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 5.189191946629705,\n 59.15422889863524\n ],\n [\n 5.189191946629705,\n 58.93276153443935\n ],\n [\n 5.832419933115403,\n 58.93276153443935\n ],\n [\n 5.832419933115403,\n 59.15422889863524\n ],\n [\n 5.189191946629705,\n 59.15422889863524\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"912","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Magnuson, Jason Tyler 0000-0001-6841-8014","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6841-8014","contributorId":329838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magnuson","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"Tyler","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sydnes, Magne O.","contributorId":333084,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sydnes","given":"Magne","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":79723,"text":"University of Stavanger","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Raeder, Erik Magnus","contributorId":333085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raeder","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"Magnus","affiliations":[{"id":40295,"text":"Norwegian University of Life Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schlenk, Daniel","contributorId":221106,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schlenk","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12655,"text":"University of California, Riverside","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pampanin, Daniela M.","contributorId":333086,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pampanin","given":"Daniela","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":79723,"text":"University of Stavanger","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70250448,"text":"70250448 - 2024 - An open-source workflow for scaling burn severity metrics from drone to satellite to support post-fire watershed management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-09T14:36:34.973835","indexId":"70250448","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-08T08:31:11","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7164,"text":"Environmental Modelling & Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An open-source workflow for scaling burn severity metrics from drone to satellite to support post-fire watershed management","docAbstract":"Wildfires are increasing in size and severity across much of the western United States, exposing vulnerable wildland-urban interfaces to post-fire hazards. The Mediterranean chaparral region of Northern California contains many high sloping watersheds prone to hazardous post-fire flood events and identifying watersheds at high risk of soil loss and debris flows is a priority for post-fire response and management. Uncrewed Aerial Systems (UAS; aka drones) offer post-fire management teams the ability to quickly mobilize and survey burned areas with very high-resolution imagery (∼1 cm), facilitating emergency management and post-fire hazard assessment. However, adoption of this technology by hazard response teams may be hindered by complicated workflows for UAS data acquisition, image processing and analysis. We present an open-source workflow using mature Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software and Python packages in a Jupyter Notebook environment that guides users through classification of true-color UAS imagery to generate high resolution burn severity maps which can then be scaled across larger watersheds using Sentinel-2 normalized burn ratio (NBR) images. Soil burn severity classifications using a weighted brightness (WB) image and Char Index (CI) generated from UAS imagery were validated with in-situ data and random stratified points, resulting in the CI having the highest overall accuracy of 87.5%. CI also displayed a marginally stronger relationship over the WB with the post-fire Sentinel-2 NBR, R2 = 0.79 and R2 = 0.78 respectively. Our methods offer the unique opportunity to standardize GIS workflows, promoting replication through transparency, while improving the user's understanding of scientific GIS functionality.
The accessibility to CRISPR/Cas (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR-associated protein) genetic tools has given rise to applications beyond site-directed genome editing for the detection of DNA and RNA. These tools include precise diagnostic detection of human disease pathogens, such as SARS-CoV-2 and Zika virus. Despite the technology being rapid and cost-effective, the use of CRISPR/Cas tools in the surveillance of the causative agents of wildlife diseases has not been prominent. This study presents the development of a minimally invasive, field-applicable and user-friendly CRISPR/Cas-based biosensor for the detection of Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd), the causative fungal agent of white-nose syndrome (WNS), an infectious disease that has killed more than five million bats in North America since its discovery in 2006. The biosensor assay combines a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) step followed by CRISPR/Cas12a nuclease cleavage to detect Pd DNA from bat dermal swab and guano samples. The biosensor had similar detection results when compared to quantitative PCR in distinguishing Pd-positive versus negative field samples. Although bat dermal swabs could be analysed with the biosensor without nucleic acid extraction, DNA extraction was needed when screening guano samples to overcome inhibitors. This assay can be applied to help with more rapid delineation of Pd-positive sites in the field to inform management decisions. With further optimization, this technology has broad translation potential to wildlife disease-associated pathogen detection and monitoring applications.
Ground applications of adulticides via a specialized truck-mounted sprayer are one of the most common practices for control of flying adult mosquitoes. Aerosols released to drift through a targeted area persist in the air column to contact and kill flying mosquitoes, but may also drift into adjacent areas not targeted by the applications where it may affect nontarget insects such as imperiled butterflies. This study compared the risk of permethrin to adult mosquitoes and adult butterflies to assess the likelihood that the butterflies would be affected following such sprays. Permethrin toxicity values were determined for Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (LD50s of 81.1 and 166.3 ng/g dw, respectively) and then combined with published toxicity data in a species sensitivity distribution for comparison with published permethrin toxicity data for adult butterflies. The sensitivity distributions indicated adult butterflies and mosquitoes are similarly sensitive, meaning relative risk would be a function of exposure. Exposure of adult butterflies and adult mosquitoes to permethrin was measured following their exposure to ULV sprays in an open field. Average permethrin concentrations on adult mosquitoes (912–38,061 ng/g dw) were typically an order of magnitude greater than on adult butterflies (110–11,004 ng/g dw) following each spray, indicating lower risk for butterflies relative to mosquitoes. Despite lower estimated risk, 100% mortality of adult butterflies occurred following some of the sprays. Additional studies could help understand exposure and risk for butterflies in densely vegetated habitats typical near areas treated by ULV sprays.
VNIR-SWIR (400–2500 nm) reflectance measurements were made on the surfaces of various cores, cuttings and sample splits of sedimentary rocks from the Tertiary Jackson Group, and Catahoula, Oakville and Goliad Formations. These rocks vary in composition and texture from mudstone and claystone to sandstone and are known host rocks for roll front uranium occurrences in Karnes and Live Oak Counties, Texas. Spectral reflectance profiles, 569 in total, were reduced to 125 representative spectral signatures, which were analyzed using the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Material Identification and Characterization Algorithm (MICA). MICA uses an automated continuum-removal procedure together with a least-squares linear regression to determine the fit of observed sample spectral absorption features to those of reference mineral standards in a spectral library. The reference minerals include various clay, mica, carbonate, ferric and ferrous iron minerals and their mixtures. In addition, absorption feature band-depth analysis was done to identify rock surfaces exhibiting absorption features related to uranium and zeolite minerals, which were not included in the command files used to execute MICA.
Rocks from each of the four geologic units produced broadly similar spectral signatures as a result of comparable mineral compositions, but there were some notable differences. For example, Ca- and Na-montmorillonite was matched most frequently to the spectral absorption features in 2-μm (∼2000–2500 nm) wavelengths, while goethite occurred often at 1-μm (∼400–1000 nm) wavelengths. The latter is related to limonitic iron-staining in and around oxidized zones of the uranium roll front as described in previous papers. Rocks of the Jackson Group differed from those of the Catahoula, Oakville and Goliad units in that the former exhibited spectral features we interpret as being due to the presence of lignite-bearing mudstone layers. Goliad rocks exhibit spectral features related to dolomite, gypsum, anhydrite, and an unidentified green clay mineral that is possibly glauconite. Jackson Group rocks also exhibit weak but well-resolved absorption features at 964 and 1157 nm related to either or both zeolite minerals clinoptilolite and heulandite. These zeolite minerals and a few spectra exhibiting hydrous silica absorption features are indicative of alteration of volcanic glass in tuffaceous mudstone and claystone layers. A few sample spectra exhibited strong absorption features at around 1135 nm related to the uranium mineral coffinite. Both the 1135 nm coffinite and 1157 nm zeolite absorption features overlap somewhat, potentially making them difficult to distinguish without additional hyperspectral field, laboratory or remote sensing data.
The results of this study were compared to mixtures of minerals described for ore, gangue and alteration minerals in deposit models for sandstone-hosted uranium, sedimentary bentonite and sedimentary zeolite. Use of these spectra can help facilitate mapping of both waste materials from the legacy mining of the above commodities, as well as future exploration and resource assessment activities.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsever","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2023.107370","usgsCitation":"Hubbard, B.E., Gallegos, T., Stengel, V.G., Hoefen, T.M., Kokaly, R.F., and Elliott, B., 2024, Hyperspectral (VNIR-SWIR) analysis of roll front uranium host rocks and industrial minerals from Karnes and Live Oak Counties, Texas Coastal Plain: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 257, 107370, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2023.107370.","productDescription":"107370, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-136836","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440969,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2023.107370","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":423384,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Karnes County, Live Oak 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Bernard E. 0000-0002-9315-2032","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9315-2032","contributorId":213146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbard","given":"Bernard","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gallegos, Tanya J. 0000-0003-3350-6473","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3350-6473","contributorId":206859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallegos","given":"Tanya J.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stengel, Victoria G. 0000-0003-0481-3159 vstengel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0481-3159","contributorId":5932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stengel","given":"Victoria","email":"vstengel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hoefen, Todd M. 0000-0002-3083-5987 thoefen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3083-5987","contributorId":403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoefen","given":"Todd","email":"thoefen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kokaly, Raymond F. 0000-0003-0276-7101","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0276-7101","contributorId":205165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kokaly","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":5078,"text":"Southwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Elliott, Brent","contributorId":148952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elliott","given":"Brent","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17599,"text":"Texas Bureau of Economic Geology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70250377,"text":"70250377 - 2024 - Evaluation of anticoagulant rodenticide sensitivity by examining in vivo and in vitro responses in avian species, focusing on raptors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-06T13:15:47.971721","indexId":"70250377","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-05T07:04:49","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of anticoagulant rodenticide sensitivity by examining in vivo and in vitro responses in avian species, focusing on raptors","docAbstract":"Anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) are used to control pest rodent species but can result in secondary poisoning of non-target animals, especially raptors. In the present study, differences in AR sensitivity among avian species were evaluated by comparing in vivo warfarin pharmacokinetics and effects, measuring cytochrome P450s (CYPs) expression involved in AR metabolism, and conducting in vitro inhibition assays of the AR target enzyme Vitamin K 2,3-epoxide reductase (VKOR). Oral administration of warfarin at 4 mg/kg body weight did not prolong prothrombin time in chickens (Gallus gallus), rock pigeons (Columba livia), or Eastern buzzards (Buteo japonicus). Rock pigeons and buzzards exhibited shorter plasma half-life of warfarin compared to chickens. For the metabolite analysis, 4′-hydroxywarfarin was predominantly detected in all birds, while 10-hydroxywarfarin was only found in pigeons and raptors, indicating interspecific differences in AR metabolism among birds likely due to differential expression of CYP enzymes involved in the metabolism of ARs and variation of VKOR activities among these avian species. The present findings, and results of our earlier investigations, demonstrate pronounced differences in AR sensitivity and pharmacokinetics among bird species, and in particular raptors. While ecological risk assessment and mitigation efforts for ARs have been extensive, AR exposure and adverse effects in predatory and scavenging wildlife continues. Toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic data will assist in such risk assessments and mitigation efforts.
Preventing the spread of range-shifting invasive species is a top priority for mitigating the impacts of climate change. Invasive plants become abundant and cause negative impacts in only a fraction of their introduced ranges, yet projections of invasion risk are almost exclusively derived from models built using all non-native occurrences and neglect abundance information.
Eastern USA.
We compiled abundance records for 144 invasive plant species from five major growth forms. We fit over 600 species distribution models based on occurrences of abundant plant populations, thus projecting which areas in the eastern United States (U.S.) will be most susceptible to invasion under current and +2°C climate change.
We identified current invasive plant hotspots in the Great Lakes region, mid-Atlantic region, and along the northeast coast of Florida and Georgia, each climatically suitable for abundant populations of over 30 invasive plant species. Under a +2°C climate change scenario, hotspots will shift an average of 213 km, predominantly towards the northeast U.S., where some areas are projected to become suitable for up to 21 new invasive plant species. Range shifting species could exacerbate impacts of up to 40 invasive species projected to sustain populations within existing hotspots. On the other hand, within the eastern U.S., 62% of species will experience decreased suitability for abundant populations with climate change. This trend is consistent across five plant growth forms.
We produced species range maps and state-specific watch lists from these analyses, which can inform proactive regulation, monitoring, and management of invasive plants most likely to cause future ecological impacts. Additionally, areas we identify as becoming less suitable for abundant populations could be prioritized for restoration of climate-adapted native species. This research provides a first comprehensive assessment of risk from abundant plant invasions across the eastern U.S.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13787","usgsCitation":"Evans, A.E., Jarnevich, C.S., Beaury, E.M., Engelstad, P.S., Teich, N.B., LaRoe, J., and Bradley, B., 2024, Shifting hotspots: Climate change projected to drive contractions and expansions of invasive plant abundance habitats: Diversity and Distributions, v. 30, no. 1, p. 41-54, https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13787.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"41","endPage":"54","ipdsId":"IP-145517","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440978,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13787","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435082,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P14VVRES","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"US non-native plant occurrence and abundance data and distribution maps for Eastern US species with current and future climate"},{"id":430830,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.10151839153237,\n 50.78098575562612\n ],\n [\n -99.10151839153237,\n 23.62849578921181\n ],\n [\n -64.47261214153237,\n 23.62849578921181\n ],\n [\n -64.47261214153237,\n 50.78098575562612\n ],\n [\n -99.10151839153237,\n 50.78098575562612\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, Annette E. 0000-0001-6439-4908","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6439-4908","contributorId":328976,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"Annette","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36396,"text":"University of Massachusetts","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jarnevich, Catherine S. 0000-0002-9699-2336 jarnevichc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9699-2336","contributorId":3424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarnevich","given":"Catherine","email":"jarnevichc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":905784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beaury, Evelyn M.","contributorId":236820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beaury","given":"Evelyn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":905785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Engelstad, Peder S.","contributorId":316321,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engelstad","given":"Peder","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":68557,"text":"Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Teich, Nathan B.","contributorId":336508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Teich","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"LaRoe, Jillian 0000-0002-1429-9811","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1429-9811","contributorId":299950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaRoe","given":"Jillian","affiliations":[{"id":64987,"text":"Student contractor to USGS Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bradley, Bethany A. 0000-0003-4912-4971","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4912-4971","contributorId":299998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Bethany A.","affiliations":[{"id":64995,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70273232,"text":"70273232 - 2024 - Chapter 24 - Resilience-based challenges and opportunities for fisheries management in Anthropocene rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-22T15:28:45.761049","indexId":"70273232","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-01T09:20:59","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Chapter 24 - Resilience-based challenges and opportunities for fisheries management in Anthropocene rivers","docAbstract":"Few pristine rivers remain worldwide, as they are among the most anthropogenically modified ecosystems. We suggest the geomorphology, hydrology and ecology of Anthropocene rivers are fundamentally different from historical natural rivers. These changes challenge conventional fisheries management practices, suggesting the tools supporting fisheries management may require expansion so that strategies match the scope and scale of present-day problems. We believe that resilience-thinking concepts offer substantial benefits for fisheries managers in Anthropocene rivers. When viewing resilience as a property of an ecosystem, the focus should be increasing the capacity of the system to self-organise and adapt to withstand regime shifts from internal and external disturbances. As an approach, a resilience-based perspective favours managing for sustainability and stewardship of fisheries by placing an emphasis on enhancing the capacity of complex systems to cope with dynamic change. Three case studies presented herein use resilience thinking to highlight challenges and opportunities for fisheries management in Anthropocene rivers from Europe, North America and Australia. Ultimately, a resilience approach to fisheries management emphasises increasing the ecological, institutional and societal capacities to deal with change, whether those changes be hydroclimatic, geomorphic, biological or social, to sustain desirable subsistence, recreational and commercial fisheries.
","largerWorkTitle":"Resilience and Riverine Landscapes","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-323-91716-2.00005-4","usgsCitation":"DeBoer, J., Bouska, K.L., Wolter, C., and Thoms, M.C., 2024, Chapter 24 - Resilience-based challenges and opportunities for fisheries management in Anthropocene rivers, chap. of Resilience and Riverine Landscapes, p. 491-517, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-91716-2.00005-4.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"491","endPage":"517","ipdsId":"IP-146916","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497867,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeBoer, Jason A.","contributorId":336872,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeBoer","given":"Jason A.","affiliations":[{"id":80890,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey (INHS)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bouska, Kristen L. 0000-0002-4115-2313 kbouska@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4115-2313","contributorId":178005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bouska","given":"Kristen","email":"kbouska@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wolter, Christian","contributorId":364518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolter","given":"Christian","affiliations":[{"id":18001,"text":"Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thoms, Martin C. 0000-0002-8074-0476","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8074-0476","contributorId":145710,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thoms","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":16205,"text":"Riverine Landscapes Research Laboratory, University of New England, NSW, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70261203,"text":"70261203 - 2024 - Discovery of an active forearc fault in an urban region: Holocene rupture on the XEOLXELEK-Elk Lake fault, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-29T15:53:01.362708","indexId":"70261203","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-01T08:44:19","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3524,"text":"Tectonics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discovery of an active forearc fault in an urban region: Holocene rupture on the XEOLXELEK-Elk Lake fault, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada","docAbstract":"Subduction forearcs are subject to seismic hazard from upper plate faults that are often invisible to instrumental monitoring networks. Identifying active faults in forearcs therefore requires integration of geomorphic, geologic, and paleoseismic data. We demonstrate the utility of a combined approach in a densely populated region of Vancouver Island, Canada, by combining remote sensing, historical imagery, field investigations, and shallow geophysical surveys to identify a previously unrecognized active fault, the XEOLXELEK-Elk Lake fault, in the northern Cascadia forearc, ∼10 km north of the city of Victoria. Lidar-derived digital terrain models and historical air photos show a ∼2.5-m-high scarp along the surface of a Quaternary drumlinoid ridge. Paleoseismic trenching and electrical resistivity tomography surveys across the scarp reveal a single reverse-slip earthquake produced a fault-propagation fold above a blind southwest-dipping fault. Five geologically plausible chronological models of radiocarbon dated charcoal constrain the likely earthquake age to between 4.7 and 2.3 ka. Fault-propagation fold modeling indicates ∼3.2 m of reverse slip on a blind, 50° southwest-dipping fault can reproduce the observed deformation. Fault scaling relations suggest a M 6.1–7.6 earthquake with a 13 to 73-km-long surface rupture and 2.3–3.2 m of dip slip may be responsible for the deformation observed in the paleoseismic trench. An earthquake near this magnitude in Greater Victoria could result in major damage, and our results highlight the importance of augmenting instrumental monitoring networks with remote sensing and field studies to identify and characterize active faults in similarily challenging environments.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2023TC008170","usgsCitation":"Harrichhausen, N., Finley, T., Morell, K.D., Regalla, C., Bennett, S.E., Leonard, L.J., Nissen, E., McLeod, E., Lynch, E.M., Salomon, G., and Sethanant, I., 2024, Discovery of an active forearc fault in an urban region: Holocene rupture on the XEOLXELEK-Elk Lake fault, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada: Tectonics, v. 42, no. 12, e2023TC008170, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2023TC008170.","productDescription":"e2023TC008170, 30 p.","ipdsId":"IP-150586","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467046,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023tc008170","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":464595,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","city":"Victoria","otherGeospatial":"British Columbia, Elk Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.41337629238146,\n 48.541828309522685\n ],\n [\n -123.41337629238146,\n 48.50910958578632\n ],\n [\n -123.38321176822569,\n 48.50910958578632\n ],\n [\n -123.38321176822569,\n 48.541828309522685\n ],\n [\n -123.41337629238146,\n 48.541828309522685\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harrichhausen, Nicolas 0000-0001-8953-4292","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8953-4292","contributorId":254359,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrichhausen","given":"Nicolas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finley, Theron 0000-0001-7359-5613","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7359-5613","contributorId":345278,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Finley","given":"Theron","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16829,"text":"University of Victoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morell, Kristin D. 0000-0001-8464-3553","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8464-3553","contributorId":254360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morell","given":"Kristin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Regalla, Christine 0000-0003-2975-8336","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2975-8336","contributorId":254361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regalla","given":"Christine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bennett, Scott E.K. 0000-0002-9772-4122 sekbennett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9772-4122","contributorId":5340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"Scott","email":"sekbennett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.K.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":919846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Leonard, Lucinda J. 0000-0002-6492-7660","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6492-7660","contributorId":254362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leonard","given":"Lucinda","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16829,"text":"University of Victoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nissen, Edwin 0000-0002-0406-2706","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0406-2706","contributorId":244221,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nissen","given":"Edwin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48865,"text":"University of Victoria; Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McLeod, Eleanor","contributorId":345279,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLeod","given":"Eleanor","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16829,"text":"University of Victoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lynch, Emerson M. 0000-0003-1419-1373","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1419-1373","contributorId":254363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lynch","given":"Emerson","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Salomon, Guy 0000-0002-9239-6449","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9239-6449","contributorId":345280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Salomon","given":"Guy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16829,"text":"University of Victoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sethanant, Israporn 0000-0003-0962-8999","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0962-8999","contributorId":345281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sethanant","given":"Israporn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16829,"text":"University of Victoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70250282,"text":"70250282 - 2024 - Comparison of δ13C analyses of individual foraminifer (Orbulina universa) shells by secondary ion mass spectrometry and gas source mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-01T12:49:36.531165","indexId":"70250282","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-01T06:42:23","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3233,"text":"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Comparison of δ13C analyses of individual foraminifer (Orbulina universa) shells by secondary ion mass spectrometry and gas source mass spectrometry","title":"Comparison of δ13C analyses of individual foraminifer (Orbulina universa) shells by secondary ion mass spectrometry and gas source mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"Rationale: The use of secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) to perform micrometer-scale in situ carbon isotope (δ13C) analyses of shells of marine microfossils called planktic foraminifers holds promise to explore calcification and ecological processes. The potential of this technique, however, cannot be realized without comparison to traditional whole-shell δ13C values measured by gas source mass spectrometry (GSMS).
Methods: Paired SIMS and GSMS δ13C values measured from final chamber fragments of the same shell of the planktic foraminifer Orbulina universa are compared. The SIMS–GSMS δ13C differences (Δ13CSIMS-GSMS) were determined via paired analysis of hydrogen peroxide-cleaned fragments of modern cultured specimens and of fossil specimens from deep-sea sediments that were either untreated, sonicated, and cleaned with hydrogen peroxide or vacuum roasted. After treatment, fragments were analyzed by a CAMECA IMS 1280 SIMS instrument and either a ThermoScientific MAT-253 or a Fisons Optima isotope ratio mass spectrometer (GSMS).
Results: Paired analyses of cleaned fragments of cultured specimens (n = 7) yield no SIMS–GSMS δ13C difference. However, paired analyses of untreated (n = 18) and cleaned (n = 12) fragments of fossil shells yield average Δ13CSIMS-GSMS values of 0.8‰ and 0.6‰ (±0.2‰, 2 SE), respectively, while vacuum roasting of fossil shell fragments (n = 11) removes the SIMS–GSMS δ13C difference.
Conclusions: The noted Δ13CSIMS-GSMS values are most likely due to matrix effects causing sample–standard mismatch for SIMS analyses but may also be a combination of other factors such as SIMS measurement of chemically bound water. The volume of material analyzed via SIMS is ~105 times smaller than that analyzed by GSMS; hence, the extent to which these Δ13CSIMS-GSMS values represent differences in analyte or instrument factors remains unclear.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rcm.9658","usgsCitation":"Wycech, J.B., Kelly, D.C., Kozdon, R., Ishida, A., Kitajima, K., Spero, H.J., and Valley, J.W., 2024, Comparison of δ13C analyses of individual foraminifer (Orbulina universa) shells by secondary ion mass spectrometry and gas source mass spectrometry: Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, v. 38, no. 2, e9658, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.9658.","productDescription":"e9658, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-154888","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440980,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.9658","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9524ENX","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"The Stable Carbon Isotope Dataset of Individual Foraminifer (Orbulina universa) Shells Measured by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry and Gas-Source Mass Spectrometry"},{"id":423136,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wycech, Jody Brae 0000-0002-7073-3037","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7073-3037","contributorId":303104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wycech","given":"Jody","email":"","middleInitial":"Brae","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelly, Daniel Clay 0000-0002-3241-1635","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3241-1635","contributorId":332025,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelly","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"Clay","affiliations":[{"id":79362,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Geoscience","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kozdon, Reinhard 0000-0001-6347-456X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6347-456X","contributorId":261206,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kozdon","given":"Reinhard","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":28041,"text":"Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ishida, Akizumi 0000-0002-1580-8534","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1580-8534","contributorId":332027,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ishida","given":"Akizumi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79363,"text":"Tohoku University Department of Earth Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kitajima, Kouki 0000-0001-7634-4924","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-4924","contributorId":332026,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kitajima","given":"Kouki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79362,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Geoscience","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Spero, Howard J. 0000-0001-5465-8607","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5465-8607","contributorId":294388,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spero","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":63564,"text":"University of California Davis, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Valley, John W.","contributorId":52895,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Valley","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":16925,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70251599,"text":"70251599 - 2024 - Insights into glendonite formation from the upper Oligocene Sagavanirktok Formation, North Slope, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-26T14:55:12.148679","indexId":"70251599","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-01T06:00:24","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2451,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","onlineIssn":"1938-3681","printIssn":"1527-1404","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Insights into glendonite formation from the upper Oligocene Sagavanirktok Formation, North Slope, Alaska","docAbstract":"The type locality for the upper Oligocene Nuwok Member of the Sagavanirktok Formation (Carter Creek, North Slope, Alaska, USA) contains abundant occurrence of glendonite, a pseudomorph after the calcium carbonate mineral ikaite, which typically forms in the shallow subsurface of cold marine sediments. The region during the time of Nuwok Member deposition was located at a high latitude, similar to today, and the study site is characterized by sands and silty muds interpreted here to have been deposited in coastal and shelfal marine environments. Isotopic (Sr) and biostratigraphic (foraminifera) evidence presented here refine the depositional age of the outcrop to approximately 24 Ma. Glendonites occur in two basic forms: radial clusters, commonly centered around a single larger primary crystal ( approx. 10 cm; Type A) and larger single blades generally without accessory crystals (approx. 15–25 cm; Type B). Microscopic examination revealed a sequence of multiple types of replacive calcite that formed as a direct result of ikaite transformation: Type 1 rhombohedral crystals characterized by microporous and inclusion-rich cores and concentric zones, Type 2A, composed of clear calcite that overgrew and augmented Type 1 crystals, and inclusion-rich, microcrystalline Type 2B, which formed a matrix surrounding the rhombs and commonly dominates the outer rims of glendonite specimens. Type 3 calcite precipitated as fibrous, botryoidal epitaxial cement atop previous phases and is not ikaite-derived. These phases are distributed in similar ways in all examined specimens and are consistent with several previously described glendonite occurrences around the world, despite differing diagenetic and geologic histories. Stable isotope evidence (δ13C and δ18O) suggests sourcing of glendonite carbon from both organic and methanogenic sources. Glendonites of the Nuwok Member can therefore assist in the determination of a more comprehensive ikaite transformation model, improving our understanding of glendonite formation and the sedimentological and environmental context of their occurrence. Oligocene glendonites are uncommon globally; the well-preserved occurrence described here can allow future studies to better reconstruct Arctic environmental conditions and paleoclimates during this time.
Smallmouth bass populations have expanded far beyond their native range and these predatory fish present a pervasive threat to native aquatic species throughout North America. In the western United States, smallmouth bass are now present in river and reservoir habitats where Pacific salmon are found and are considered a potential threat to salmon recovery in many locations. We conducted a study to determine if smallmouth bass are expanding their range in the mainstem Willamette River, Oregon, and developed a model to assess habitat overlap between smallmouth bass and juvenile Chinook salmon. Sampling during 2011–2022 revealed that the distribution of smallmouth bass had expanded throughout that timeframe to encompass the entire mainstem Willamette River, including important rearing habitats for juvenile Chinook salmon. The model predicted that smallmouth bass and juvenile Chinook salmon habitat overlap was substantial, highlighting the need for additional research to evaluate for potential negative impacts to salmon recovery in the basin. The model was also used to evaluate the efficacy of using flow management to reduce interactions between these two species, but the scenarios we examined suggested that this was not a viable option. These results highlight the need for continued research to assess interactions between smallmouth bass and juvenile salmon, and other native species of concern, in the Willamette River Basin. The development of the model is useful for resource managers to understand interactions between these species to prioritize locations for sampling in the future.
Mitigating future forest risks, safeguarding timber revenues and improving biodiversity are key considerations for current boreal forest management. Alternatives to rotation forestry likely have an important role, but how they will perform under a changing climate remains unclear. We used a boreal forest growth simulator to explore how variations on traditional clear-cutting, in rotation length, thinning intensity, and increasing number of remaining trees after final harvest (green tree retention), and on extent of continuous cover forestry will affect stand-level probability of wind damage, timber production, deadwood volume, and habitats for forest species. We used business-as-usual rotation forestry as a baseline and compared alternative management adaptations under the reference and two climate change scenarios. Climate change increased overall timber production and had lower impacts on biodiversity compared to management adaptations. Shortening the rotation length reduced the probability of wind damage compared to business-as-usual, but also decreased both deadwood volume and suitable habitats for our focal species. Continuous cover forestry, and management with refraining from thinnings, and extension of rotation length represent complementary approaches benefiting biodiversity, with respective effects of improving timber revenues, reducing wind damage risk, and benefiting old-growth forest structures. However, extensive application of rotation length shortening to mitigate wind damage risk may be detrimental for forest biodiversity. To safeguard forest biodiversity over the landscape, shortening of the rotation length could be complemented with widespread application of regimes promoting old-growth forest structures.
Ecological disturbances such as fish kills can negatively impact ecosystem processes in coastal lagoons. To gain an understanding of factors causing fish kills, we examined conditions associated with a summertime fish kill in a northeastern Pacific coastal lagoon (Rodeo Lagoon, CA, USA). Examination of available data indicated the fish kill was likely caused by hypoxia involving the following etiology: (1) strong onshore winds (up to 12 m/s) mixed a stratified water column, (2) water column mixing transported nutrients from near the bed into the photic zone, (3) increased nutrient concentrations in the photic zone (> 200%) together with high solar irradiance fueled a phytoplankton bloom, (4) death and decomposition of phytoplankton (72% decrease in abundance) contributed to biological oxygen demand that led to (5) hypoxic conditions (as low as 0.6 mg/L) that caused the fish kill. The event resulted in the death of an estimated 3677 Tidewater Goby (Eucyclogobius newberryi), a species listed as endangered under the US Endangered Species Act, and numerous (but not enumerated) Threespine Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), unidentified sculpins (Cottidae), and macroinvertebrates (primarily Amphipoda). The processes contributing to the event are likely re-occurring phenomena responsible for observed periodic fish kills. Coastal lagoons with limited freshwater inflows and connection to the Pacific Ocean may retain nutrients and be susceptible to similar events.
The rate and location at depth of fault creep are important, but difficult to characterize, parameters needed to assess seismic hazard. Here we take advantage of the magnetic properties of serpentinite, a rock type commonly associated with fault creep, to model its depth extent along the Bartlett Springs fault zone, an important part of the San Andreas fault system north of the San Francisco Bay, California (western United States). We model aeromagnetic and gravity anomalies using geologic constraints along 14 cross sections over a distance of 120 km along the fault zone. Our results predict that the fault zone has more serpentinite at depth than inferred by geologic relationships at the surface. Existing geodetic models are inconsistent and predict different patterns of creep along the fault. Our results favor models with more extensive creep at depth. The source of the serpentinite appears to be ophiolite thrust westward and beneath the Franciscan Complex, an interpretation supported by the presence of antigorite, a high-temperature serpent ine mineral stable at depth, in fault gouge near Lake Pillsbury.
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Global Seismographic Network (GSN) Program operates two thirds of the GSN, a network of state‐of‐the‐art, digital seismological and geophysical sensors with digital telecommunications. This network serves as a multiuse scientific facility and a valuable resource for research, education, and monitoring. The other one third of the GSN is funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the operations of this component are overseen by EarthScope. This collaboration between the USGS, EarthScope, and NSF has allowed for the development and operations of the GSN to be a truly multiuse network that provides near real‐time open access data, facilitating fundamental discoveries by the Earth science community, supporting the earthquake hazards mission of the USGS, benefitting tsunami monitoring by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and contributing to nuclear test monitoring and treaty verification. In this article, we describe the installation and evolution of the seismic networks operated by the USGS that ultimately led to the USGS portion of the GSN (100 stations under network codes IU, IC, and CU) as they are today and envision technological advances and opportunities to further improve the utility of the network in the future. This article focuses on the USGS‐operated component of the GSN; a companion article on the GSN stations funded by the NSF and operated by the Cecil and Ida Green Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California at San Diego by Davis et al. (2023) appears in this volume.
Characterizing the mechanisms influencing the distribution of genetic variation in aquatic species can be difficult due to the dynamic nature of hydrological landscapes. In North America’s Central Highlands, a complex history of glacial dynamics, long-term isolation, and secondary contact have shaped genetic variation in aquatic species. Although the effects of glacial history have been demonstrated in many taxa, responses are often lineage- or species-specific and driven by organismal ecology. In this study, we reconstruct the evolutionary history of a freshwater mussel species complex using a suite of mitochondrial and nuclear loci to resolve taxonomic and demographic uncertainties. Our findings do not support Pleurobema rubrum as a valid species, which is proposed for listing as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. We synonymize P. rubrum under Pleurobema sintoxia—a common and widespread species found throughout the Mississippi River Basin. Further investigation of patterns of genetic variation in P. sintoxia identified a complex demographic history, including ancestral vicariance and secondary contact, within the Eastern Highlands. We hypothesize these patterns were shaped by ancestral vicariance driven by the formation of Lake Green and subsequent secondary contact after the last glacial maximum. Our inference aligns with demographic histories observed in other aquatic taxa in the region and mirrors patterns of genetic variation of a freshwater fish species (Erimystax dissimilis) confirmed to serve as a parasitic larval host for P. sintoxia. Our findings directly link species ecology to observed patterns of genetic variation and may have significant implications for future conservation and recovery actions of freshwater mussels.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esad075","usgsCitation":"Johnson, N., Henderson, A.R., Jones, J.W., Beaver, C., Ahlstedt, S.A., Dinkins, G.R., Eckert, N., Endries, M.J., Garner, J.T., Harris, J.L., Hartfield, P.D., Hubbs, D.W., Lane, T.W., McGregor, M.A., Moles, K.R., Morrison, C., Wagner, M.D., Williams, J.D., and Smith, C.H., 2024, Glacial vicariance and secondary contact shape demographic histories in a freshwater mussel species complex: Journal of Heredity, v. 115, no. 1, p. 72-85, https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esad075.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"72","endPage":"85","ipdsId":"IP-154056","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441002,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esad075","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435084,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9RLSX0Y","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Molecular data used to test species boundaries, characterize phylogeographic patterns of genetic diversity, and guide the Endangered Species Act listing decision for a North American freshwater mussel species complex"},{"id":424279,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.62633202963326,\n 41.6511669603392\n ],\n [\n -95.97480272065495,\n 40.99979228830361\n ],\n [\n -96.85794891517243,\n 32.703114357715066\n ],\n [\n -82.89960066207617,\n 32.704930262259765\n ],\n [\n -75.62633202963326,\n 41.6511669603392\n ]\n ]\n ],\n 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D.","contributorId":330124,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wagner","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Williams, James D.","contributorId":17690,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12556,"text":"Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Smith, Chase H. 0000-0002-1499-0311","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1499-0311","contributorId":225140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Chase","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13716,"text":"Baylor University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}} ,{"id":70250214,"text":"70250214 - 2024 - An assessment of HgII to preserve carbonate system parameters in organic-rich estuarine waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-26T16:02:32.879901","indexId":"70250214","displayToPublicDate":"2023-11-27T06:51:38","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2622,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"An assessment of HgII to preserve carbonate system parameters in organic-rich estuarine waters","title":"An assessment of HgII to preserve carbonate system parameters in organic-rich estuarine waters","docAbstract":"This work assesses the effectiveness of sample preservation techniques for measurements of pHT (total scale), total dissolved inorganic carbon (CT), and total alkalinity (AT) in organic-rich estuarine waters as well as the internal consistency of measurements and calculations (e.g., AT, pHT, and CT) in these waters. Using mercuric chloride (HgCl2)-treated and untreated water samples, measurements of these carbonate system parameters were examined over a period of 3 months. Respiration of dissolved organic matter in untreated samples created large discrepancies in CT concentrations (~37 μmol kg−1 increase, p < 0.0001), while CT was effectively constant in treated samples (3095.0 ± 1.14 μmol kg−1). AT changes were observed for both treated and untreated samples, with HgCl2-treated samples showing the greatest variation (~ 26 μmol kg−1 decrease, p < 0.001). In response to changing AT/CT ratios, pHT changes occurred in both treated and untreated samples but were relatively small in treated samples. Results in organic-rich estuarine waters that reflect the in situ carbonate system characteristics of the samples at the time of collection can be improved when samples obtained for CT and AT analysis are collected and stored separately. Accurate analyses of CT can be obtained by filtration and preservation with HgCl2. Accuracy of AT analyses can be improved by filtration and storage without adding HgCl2. The quality of pHT measurements can be improved by prompt analysis in the field and, if this cannot be accomplished, then samples can be preserved with HgCl2 and measured in the laboratory within 1 week.
This study presents U-Pb zircon ages and Lu-Hf zircon isotope data for Cretaceous-Paleocene plutonic rocks along a W-E transect in northwestern Mexico. These data are combined with tectonic reconstruction that restores Late Cenozoic extensional deformation and shows the position of magmatism at 36 Ma. Zircon U-Pb ages results span from 142 to 58 Ma and demonstrate that the continental arc migrated northeastward at 1–2.5 km/Myr. These rates are slower than previously interpreted, but consistent with landward arc migration rates observed in the Andes. Weighted mean initial epsilon hafnium εHf(t) values of plutonic rocks along the transect range from + 8.8 to −9.1. The heterogeneity in the zircon εHf(t) is spatially related to the pre-Cretaceous basement provinces that the intrusive rocks were emplaced into. Zircon εHf(t) values of western Baja California display positive values ranging from + 8.8 to + 2.6 suggesting they were formed from a moderately depleted mantle and were emplaced into the Guerrero-Alisitos-Vizcaino terrane. Zircon εHf(t) values in the eastern part of Baja California and most of Sonora are heterogeneous ranging between −0.7 and −9.1 and may be formed from a relatively slightly more evolved mantle source and end up more evolved after crustal assimilation of metasediments. Zircon εHf(t) values ranging from + 8.7 to + 2.9 in Chihuahua are consistent with a depleted-mantle derived melt and assimilation of Grenville lithospheric province. Our results highlight how Hf isotopic signatures help to constrain the pre-Cretaceous basement configuration in northwestern Mexico despite the few exposed outcrops along the transect.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00206814.2023.2283749","usgsCitation":"Fonseca-Martinez, A.B., Iriondo, A., Bennett, S.E., McDowell, F.W., and Ortega-Obregon, C., 2024, U-Pb zircon ages and Lu-Hf isotope systematics across northwestern Mexico: Implications for Cretaceous to Paleocene tectonomagmatic evolution during Farallon subduction: International Geology Review, v. 66, no. 13, p. 2384-2408, https://doi.org/10.1080/00206814.2023.2283749.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"2384","endPage":"2408","ipdsId":"IP-152710","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":464590,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","otherGeospatial":"northwestern Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.85452263208936,\n 28.981619803371586\n ],\n [\n -115.85452263208936,\n 24.74409158188162\n ],\n [\n -105.19328404565414,\n 24.74409158188162\n ],\n [\n -105.19328404565414,\n 28.981619803371586\n ],\n [\n -115.85452263208936,\n 28.981619803371586\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"66","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fonseca-Martinez, Arlin B. 0000-0002-1710-3829","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1710-3829","contributorId":346758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fonseca-Martinez","given":"Arlin","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":82955,"text":"Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Memorial University of Newfoundland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iriondo, Alexander 0000-0002-5129-9378","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5129-9378","contributorId":240977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iriondo","given":"Alexander","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48178,"text":"Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico-Campus Juriquilla","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bennett, Scott E.K. 0000-0002-9772-4122 sekbennett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9772-4122","contributorId":5340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"Scott","email":"sekbennett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.K.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":919855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McDowell, Fred W.","contributorId":346759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDowell","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":29861,"text":"The University of Texas at Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ortega-Obregon, Carlos 0000-0003-4220-0257","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4220-0257","contributorId":346760,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ortega-Obregon","given":"Carlos","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25354,"text":"Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70255155,"text":"70255155 - 2024 - Imperfect detection and misidentification affect inferences from data informing water operation decisions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-13T17:01:29.893417","indexId":"70255155","displayToPublicDate":"2023-11-23T11:56:06","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Imperfect detection and misidentification affect inferences from data informing water operation decisions","docAbstract":"Managers can modify river flow regimes using fish monitoring data to minimize impacts from water management infrastructure. For example, operation of the gate-controlled Delta Cross Channel (DCC) in California can negatively affect the endangered Sacramento River winter-run Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha. Although guidelines have been developed for DCC operations by using real-time juvenile fish sampling count data, there is uncertainty about how environmental conditions influence fish occupancy and the extent to which those relationships are affected by sampling and identification error.
We evaluated the effect of environmental conditions, imperfect detection, and misidentification error on salmon occupancy by analyzing data using hierarchical multistate occupancy models. A total of 14,147 trawl tows and beach seine hauls were conducted on 1058 sampling days between October and December from 1996 to 2019. During these surveys, 2803 juvenile winter-run Chinook Salmon were identified, and approximately 29% of the sampling days had at least one winter-run juvenile detected.
The probability of misidentifying an individual juvenile winter-run Chinook Salmon in the field was estimated to be 0.056 based on fish identification examinations and genetic sampling. Occupancy varied considerably and was related to flow characteristics, water clarity, weather, time of year, and whether occupancy was detected during the previous sampling day. However, these relationships and their significance changed considerably when accounting for imperfect detection and the probability of misidentifying individual juvenile salmon. Detection was <0.3 under average sampling conditions during a single sample and was influenced by flow, water clarity, site, and volume sampled.
Our modeling results indicate that DCC gate closure decisions could occur on fewer days when imperfect detection and misidentification error are not accounted for. These findings demonstrate the need to account for identification and detection error while using monitoring data to assess factors influencing fish occupancy and inform future management decisions.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10974","usgsCitation":"Kirsch, J., Peterson, J., Duarte, A., Goodman, D., Goodman, A., Hugentobler, S., Meek, M., Perry, R., Smith, L., and Stuart, J., 2024, Imperfect detection and misidentification affect inferences from data informing water operation decisions: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 44, no. 2, p. 335-358, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10974.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"335","endPage":"358","ipdsId":"IP-146813","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441005,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10974","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":430148,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirsch, Joseph E.","contributorId":338806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirsch","given":"Joseph E.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":903619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duarte, Adam","contributorId":28492,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duarte","given":"Adam","affiliations":[{"id":6960,"text":"Department of Biology, Texas State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goodman, Denise","contributorId":339306,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goodman","given":"Denise","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":904033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goodman, Andrew","contributorId":338810,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goodman","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hugentobler, Sara","contributorId":338812,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hugentobler","given":"Sara","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Meek, Mariah","contributorId":260835,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meek","given":"Mariah","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Perry, Russell W. 0000-0003-4110-8619","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-8619","contributorId":220177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Russell","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":903624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Smith, Lori","contributorId":338817,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Lori","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Stuart, Jeffrey","contributorId":338821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stuart","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36803,"text":"NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70252271,"text":"70252271 - 2024 - Sediment thickness map of United States Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain Strata, and their influence on earthquake ground motions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-22T12:00:54.461553","indexId":"70252271","displayToPublicDate":"2023-11-23T06:58:36","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment thickness map of United States Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain Strata, and their influence on earthquake ground motions","docAbstract":"Tributaries may play a vital role in maintaining populations of large river fishes, although the specific contributions of tributaries toward recruitment of river-wide populations are not often understood. Tributaries may experience fewer cumulative anthropogenic impacts relative to mainstem rivers and may offer more natural conditions supportive of native fish populations, which may provide opportunities for fish population restoration. Thus, an improved understanding of tributary-mainstem population dynamics may inform targeted conservation actions for spatially structured populations of large-river fishes. Colorado River tributaries in the Grand Canyon, Arizona, USA are a focus of imperiled Humpback Chub Gila cypha conservation, which includes translocations to enhance population redundancy and to expand the overall population. However, the fate of fish dispersed to the mainstem has not been thoroughly quantified. Using open population mark-recapture models, we quantified the relative contribution of three groups of Humpback Chub, including fish of confirmed tributary origin that were either translocated or produced in situ, and others presumed to be Colorado River mainstem origin fish, to three mainstem populations. Our specific study objectives were to 1) estimate Colorado River abundances of tributary and mainstem-origin fish over time, 2) compare relative group-specific contributions to three mainstem populations, and 3) compare group-specific survival rates of Humpback Chub in the Colorado River and in a tributary where a recent translocation has occurred. Tributaries contributed 26% and 43% of the overall abundance in two tributary inflow reach populations, and zero in a third, which we attributed to uncharacteristically low tributary survival immediately following translocation. In the mainstem, survival of tributary-origin fish was higher compared to mainstem-origin fish, suggesting an advantage of tributary residence. Our contrasting results from three different tributary inflow populations highlight the potential role for tributaries in sustaining large-river fish populations, which may have important implications for long-term maintenance of river metapopulations.
Habitat loss and fragmentation are considered the greatest threats to ecosystems worldwide. Movement reveals how individuals meet their habitat requirements and respond to environmental heterogeneity, and thus can provide a powerful tool for investigating how animals respond to changes in landscape configuration. In our study, we examined the effects of landscape configuration on the space use and movement strategies of four endemic Hawaiian forest bird species spanning a range of foraging guilds (i.e. frugivore, nectivore, generalist). We used a landscape-level automated radio tracking system to measure location data of 127 individuals tracked on Hawaiʻi Island in a naturally fragmented landscape created by volcanic activity in the mid- to late-1800s and a nearby continuous landscape. We found that landscape configuration had a strong effect on movement patterns and space-use of all four species. In the fragmented landscape, all species predominately occupied a single forest patch, displayed a high degree of area-restricted search behavior, with few long-distance movements away from their primary forest patch. These patterns contrasted significantly with those of conspecifics in the continuous landscape which exhibited relatively unconstrained movements across the forested landscape and had 3- to 12-fold larger home ranges. Our findings indicate that landscape structure plays a strong role in shaping movement behavior of a tropical bird community and provides valuable insights into the behavioral mechanisms that may be important for species to persist within fragmented landscapes.