The Aleutian Islands are situated on the northern edge of the so-called “Pacific Ring of Fire,” a 40,000-km-long horseshoe-shaped assemblage of continental landmasses and islands bordering the Pacific Ocean basin that contains many of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. Schaefer et al. (2009) listed 27 historically active volcanoes in the Aleutian Islands, of which nine have had at least one major eruptive event since 1990. Volcanic eruptions are often significant natural disturbances, and ecosystem responses to volcanic eruptions may vary markedly with eruption style (effusive versus explosive), frequency, and magnitude of the eruption as well as isolation of the disturbed sites from potential colonizing organisms (del Moral and Grishin, 1999). Despite the relatively high frequency of volcanic activity in the Aleutians, the response of island ecosystems to volcanic disturbances is largely unstudied because of the region's isolation. The only ecological studies in the region that address the effects of volcanic activity were done on Bogoslof Island, a remote, highly active volcanic island in the eastern Aleutians, which grew from a submarine eruption in 1796 (Merriam, 1910; Byrd et al., 1980; Byrd and Williams, 1994). Nevertheless, in the 214 years of Bogoslof's existence, the island has been visited only intermittently.
Kasatochi Island is a small (2.9 km by 2.6 km, 314 m high) volcano in the central Aleutian Islands of Alaska (52.17°N latitude, 175.51°W longitude; Fig. 1) that erupted violently on 7-8 August 2008 after a brief, but intense period of precursory seismic activity (Scott et al., 2010 [this issue]; Waythomas et al., in review). The island is part of the Aleutian arc volcanic front, and is an isolated singular island. Although the immediate offshore areas are relatively shallow (20–50 m water depth), the island is about 10 km south of the 2000 m isobath, north of which, ocean depths increase markedly. Kasatochi is located between the deepwater basin of the Bering Sea to the north and shallower areas of intense upwelling in Atka and Fenimore Passes in the North Pacific Ocean to the south. This area apparently produces high marine productivity based on concentrations of feeding marine birds and mammals (see Drew et al., 2010 [this issue]). Kasatochi is about 85 km northeast of Adak, the nearest community and a regional transportation hub, and about 19 km northwest of the western end of Atka Island. The nearest historically active volcanoes are Great Sitkin volcano, about 35 km to the west, and Korovin volcano on Atka Island, about 94 km to the east. Koniuji Island, another small volcanic island, is located about 25 km east of Kasatochi (Fig. 1).
","language":"English","publisher":"Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR), University of Colorado","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.245","usgsCitation":"DeGange, A.R., Byrd, G.V., Walker, L.R., and Waythomas, C.F., 2010, Introduction - The impacts of the 2008 eruption of Kasatochi Volcano on terrestrial and marine ecosystems in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska: Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, v. 42, no. 3, p. 245-249, https://doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.245.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"245","endPage":"249","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475565,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1657/1938-4246-42.3.245","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":204244,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Aleutian Islands","volume":"42","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e878","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeGange, Anthony R. tdegange@usgs.gov","contributorId":139765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeGange","given":"Anthony","email":"tdegange@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":353154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Byrd, G. Vernon","contributorId":88416,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Byrd","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"Vernon","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":353155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walker, Lawrence R.","contributorId":12177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Waythomas, C. F.","contributorId":10065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waythomas","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70003637,"text":"70003637 - 2010 - The inverse niche model for food webs with parasites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:16:01","indexId":"70003637","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3592,"text":"Theoretical Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The inverse niche model for food webs with parasites","docAbstract":"Although parasites represent an important component of ecosystems, few field and theoretical studies have addressed the structure of parasites in food webs. We evaluate the structure of parasitic links in an extensive salt marsh food web, with a new model distinguishing parasitic links from non-parasitic links among free-living species. The proposed model is an extension of the niche model for food web structure, motivated by the potential role of size (and related metabolic rates) in structuring food webs. The proposed extension captures several properties observed in the data, including patterns of clustering and nestedness, better than does a random model. By relaxing specific assumptions, we demonstrate that two essential elements of the proposed model are the similarity of a parasite's hosts and the increasing degree of parasite specialization, along a one-dimensional niche axis. Thus, inverting one of the basic rules of the original model, the one determining consumers' generality appears critical. Our results support the role of size as one of the organizing principles underlying niche space and food web topology. They also strengthen the evidence for the non-random structure of parasitic links in food webs and open the door to addressing questions concerning the consequences and origins of this structure.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Theoretical Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","usgsCitation":"Warren, C.P., Pascual, M., Lafferty, K.D., and Kuris, A.M., 2010, The inverse niche model for food webs with parasites: Theoretical Ecology, v. 3, no. 4, p. 285-294.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"285","endPage":"294","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204430,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":94224,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.springerlink.com/content/e525454v810qn123","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"3","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a85e4b07f02db64d3b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warren, Christopher P.","contributorId":81624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pascual, Mercedes","contributorId":81239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pascual","given":"Mercedes","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kuris, Armand M.","contributorId":54332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuris","given":"Armand","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70003328,"text":"70003328 - 2010 - Patterns of organic contaminants in eggs of an insectivorous, an omnivorous, and a piscivorous bird nesting on the Hudson River, New York, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-18T10:25:24","indexId":"70003328","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patterns of organic contaminants in eggs of an insectivorous, an omnivorous, and a piscivorous bird nesting on the Hudson River, New York, USA","docAbstract":"Belted kingfisher (Ceryle alcyon), spotted sandpiper (Actitus macularia), and tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) eggs were collected in 2004 from the upper Hudson River, New York, USA. This area is one of the most polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)‐contaminated locations in North America. Multivariate analyses indicated among species differences in the concentration and composition of PCB congeners, polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxin (PCDD), and dibenzofuran (PCDF, PCDD‐F when combined with PCDDs) congeners, and chlorinated pesticides. Total PCB concentrations followed the typical food chain biomagnification paradigm of higher concentrations in piscivorous bird eggs and lower concentrations in eggs of species that feed at lower trophic levels. Concentrations in the insectivorous swallows (geometric mean = 6.8 µg/g wet wt) were approximately half the concentrations present in the piscivorous kingfisher (11.7 µg/g) or omnivorous sandpiper (12.6 µg/g). In contrast, PCB toxic equivalents (TEQs) were higher in swallows (1,790 pg/g wet wt) than in either kingfishers (776 pg/g) or sandpipers (881 pg/g). This difference can be mainly attributed to higher PCB77 concentrations in swallows relative to the other two species. Also contrary to the accepted food‐chain paradigm, the sum of PCDD‐F concentrations and the sum of their TEQs were higher in swallows than in either sandpipers or kingfishers. Metabolic pathway differences in the respective food chains of the three species probably accounted for the differences observed in PCB TEQ, total PCDD‐F, and PCDD‐F TEQ concentrations among species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Socieity of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","publisherLocation":"Brussels, Belgium","doi":"10.1002/etc.276","usgsCitation":"Custer, C.M., Custer, T.W., and Dummer, P.M., 2010, Patterns of organic contaminants in eggs of an insectivorous, an omnivorous, and a piscivorous bird nesting on the Hudson River, New York, USA: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 29, no. 10, p. 2286-2296, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.276.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2286","endPage":"2296","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204395,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Hudson River","volume":"29","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db688a81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, Christine M. 0000-0003-0500-1582 ccuster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-1582","contributorId":1143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Christine","email":"ccuster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":346905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Custer, Thomas W. 0000-0003-3170-6519 tcuster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-6519","contributorId":2835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Thomas","email":"tcuster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":346906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dummer, Paul M. 0000-0002-2055-9480 pdummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2055-9480","contributorId":3015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dummer","given":"Paul","email":"pdummer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":346907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70003744,"text":"70003744 - 2010 - North American osprey populations and contaminants: Historic and contemporary perspectives","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T15:43:20","indexId":"70003744","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2484,"text":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B: Critical Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"North American osprey populations and contaminants: Historic and contemporary perspectives","docAbstract":"Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) populations were adversely affected by DDT and perhaps other contaminants in the United States and elsewhere. Reduced productivity, eggshell thinning, and high DDE concentrations in eggs were the signs associated with declining osprey populations in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s. The species was one of the first studied on a large scale to bring contaminant issues into focus. Although few quantitative population data were available prior to the 1960s, many osprey populations in North America were studied during the 1960s and 1970s with much learned about basic life history and biology. This article reviews the historical and current effects of contaminants on regional osprey populations. Breeding populations in many regions of North America showed post-DDT-era (1972) population increases of varying magnitudes, with many populations now appearing to stabilize at much higher numbers than initially reported in the 1970s and 1980s. However, the magnitude of regional population increases in the United States between 1981 (first Nationwide Survey, ∼8,000 pairs), when some recovery had already occurred, 1994 (second survey, ∼14,200), and 2001 (third survey, ∼16,000–19,000), or any other years, is likely not a simple response to the release from earlier contaminant effects, but a response to multi-factorial effects. This indirect “contaminant effects” measurement comparing changes (i.e., recovery) in post-DDT-era population numbers over time is probably confounded by changing human attitudes toward birds of prey (shooting, destroying nests, etc.), changing habitats, changing fish populations, and perhaps competition from other species. The species' adaptation to newly created reservoirs and its increasing use of artificial nesting structures (power poles, nesting platforms, cell towers, channel markers, offshore duck blinds, etc.) are two important factors. The timing of the initial use of artificial nesting structures, which replaced declining numbers of suitable trees at many locations, varied regionally (much later in the western United States and Mexico). Because of the increasing use of artificial nesting structures, there may be more ospreys nesting in North America now than ever before. Now, with the impact of most legacy organic contaminants (DDT, other organochlorine [OC] pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls [PCB], polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins [PCDD], polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF]) greatly reduced or eliminated, and some osprey populations showing evidence of stabilizing, the species was proposed as a Worldwide Sentinel Species for evaluating emerging contaminants. Several emerging contaminants are already being studied, such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) and perfluorinated acids and sulfonate compounds (PFC). The many advantages for continued contaminant investigations using the osprey include a good understanding of its biology and ecology, its known distribution and abundance, and its ability to habituate to humans and their activities, which permits nesting in some of the potentially most contaminated environments. It is a top predator in most ecosystems, and its nests are relatively easy to locate and study with little researcher impact on reproductive success.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10937404.2010.538658","usgsCitation":"Henny, C.J., Grove, R.A., Kaiser, J.L., and Johnson, B., 2010, North American osprey populations and contaminants: Historic and contemporary perspectives: Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B: Critical Reviews, v. 13, no. 7-8, p. 579-603, https://doi.org/10.1080/10937404.2010.538658.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"579","endPage":"603","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204519,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","volume":"13","issue":"7-8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db649244","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J. 0000-0001-7474-350X hennyc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7474-350X","contributorId":3461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"hennyc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grove, Robert A.","contributorId":52134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grove","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kaiser, James L.","contributorId":57033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaiser","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Branden L. branden_johnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":4168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Branden L.","email":"branden_johnson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70003764,"text":"70003764 - 2010 - Non-native salmonids affect amphibian occupancy at multiple spatial scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:56","indexId":"70003764","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1399,"text":"Diversity and Distributions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Non-native salmonids affect amphibian occupancy at multiple spatial scales","docAbstract":"Aim The introduction of non-native species into aquatic environments has been linked with local extinctions and altered distributions of native species. We investigated the effect of non-native salmonids on the occupancy of two native amphibians, the long-toed salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum) and Columbia spotted frog (Rana luteiventris), across three spatial scales: water bodies, small catchments and large catchments. Location Mountain lakes at ≥ 1500 m elevation were surveyed across the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. Methods We surveyed 2267 water bodies for amphibian occupancy (based on evidence of reproduction) and fish presence between 1986 and 2002 and modelled the probability of amphibian occupancy at each spatial scale in relation to habitat availability and quality and fish presence. Results After accounting for habitat features, we estimated that A. macrodactylum was 2.3 times more likely to breed in fishless water bodies than in water bodies with fish. Ambystoma macrodactylum also was more likely to occupy small catchments where none of the water bodies contained fish than in catchments where at least one water body contained fish. However, the probability of salamander occupancy in small catchments was also influenced by habitat availability (i.e. the number of water bodies within a catchment) and suitability of remaining fishless water bodies. We found no relationship between fish presence and salamander occupancy at the large-catchment scale, probably because of increased habitat availability. In contrast to A. macrodactylum, we found no relationship between fish presence and R. luteiventris occupancy at any scale. Main conclusions Our results suggest that the negative effects of non-native salmonids can extend beyond the boundaries of individual water bodies and increase A. macrodactylum extinction risk at landscape scales. We suspect that niche overlap between non-native fish and A. macrodactylum at higher elevations in the northern Rocky Mountains may lead to extinction in catchments with limited suitable habitat.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Diversity and Distributions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","usgsCitation":"Pilliod, D., Hossack, B.R., Bahls, P.F., Bull, E.L., Corn, P., Hokit, G., Maxell, B.A., Munger, J.C., and Wyrick, A., 2010, Non-native salmonids affect amphibian occupancy at multiple spatial scales: Diversity and Distributions, v. 16, no. 6, p. 959-974.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"959","endPage":"974","temporalStart":"1986-01-01","temporalEnd":"2002-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":485,"text":"Northwest Watershed Institute","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":92208,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2010.00699.x/abstract","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":204379,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Northern Rocky Mountains","volume":"16","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db69712b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pilliod, David S.","contributorId":101760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pilliod","given":"David S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hossack, Blake R. 0000-0001-7456-9564 blake_hossack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-9564","contributorId":1177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hossack","given":"Blake","email":"blake_hossack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bahls, Peter F.","contributorId":74500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bahls","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bull, Evelyn L.","contributorId":31104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bull","given":"Evelyn","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Corn, Paul Stephen 0000-0002-4106-6335","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4106-6335","contributorId":107379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corn","given":"Paul Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":348769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hokit, Grant","contributorId":80402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hokit","given":"Grant","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Maxell, Bryce A.","contributorId":100113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maxell","given":"Bryce","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Munger, James C.","contributorId":29377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munger","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wyrick, Aimee","contributorId":102997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wyrick","given":"Aimee","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70003334,"text":"70003334 - 2010 - Metal exposure and effects in voles and small birds near a mining haul road in Cape Krusenstern National Monument, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-20T11:01:31","indexId":"70003334","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metal exposure and effects in voles and small birds near a mining haul road in Cape Krusenstern National Monument, Alaska","docAbstract":"Voles and small passerine birds were live-captured near the Delong Mountain Regional Transportation System (DMTS) haul road in Cape Krusenstern National Monument in northwest Alaska to assess metals exposure and sub-lethal biological effects. Similar numbers of animals were captured from a reference site in southern Cape Krusenstern National Monument for comparison. Histopathological examination of selected organs, and analysis of cadmium, lead, and zinc concentrations in liver and blood samples were performed. Voles and small birds captured from near the haul road had about 20 times greater blood and liver lead concentrations and about three times greater cadmium concentrations when compared to those from the reference site, but there were no differences in zinc tissue concentrations. One vole had moderate metastatic mineralization of kidney tissue, otherwise we observed no abnormalities in internal organs or DNA damage in the blood of any of the animals. The affected vole also had the greatest liver and blood Cd concentration, indicating that the lesion might have been caused by Cd exposure. Blood and liver lead concentrations in animals captured near the haul road were below concentrations that have been associated with adverse biological effects in other studies; however, subtle effects resulting from lead exposure, such as the suppression of the activity of certain enzymes, cannot be ruled out for some individual animals. Results from our 2006 reconnaissance-level study indicate that overall, voles and small birds obtained from near the DMTS road in Cape Krusenstern National Monument were not adversely affected by metals exposure; however, because of the small sample size and other uncertainties, continued monitoring of lead and cadmium in terrestrial habitats near the DMTS road is advised.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10661-009-1216-y","usgsCitation":"Brumbaugh, W.G., Mora, M.A., May, T.W., and Phalen, D.N., 2010, Metal exposure and effects in voles and small birds near a mining haul road in Cape Krusenstern National Monument, Alaska: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 170, no. 1, p. 73-86, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1216-y.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"86","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203886,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Cape Krusenstern National Monument","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -164.5,67 ], [ -164.5,68.08333333333333 ], [ -162.5,68.08333333333333 ], [ -162.5,67 ], [ -164.5,67 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"170","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e805","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brumbaugh, William G. 0000-0003-0081-375X bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-375X","contributorId":493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"William","email":"bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":346921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mora, Miguel A. 0000-0002-8393-0216","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8393-0216","contributorId":46643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mora","given":"Miguel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"May, Thomas W. tmay@usgs.gov","contributorId":2598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Thomas","email":"tmay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":346922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Phalen, David N.","contributorId":30740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phalen","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70003650,"text":"70003650 - 2010 - Impact craters on Titan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:55","indexId":"70003650","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impact craters on Titan","docAbstract":"Five certain impact craters and 44 additional nearly certain and probable ones have been identified on the 22% of Titan's surface imaged by Cassini's high-resolution radar through December 2007. The certain craters have morphologies similar to impact craters on rocky planets, as well as two with radar bright, jagged rims. The less certain craters often appear to be eroded versions of the certain ones. Titan's craters are modified by a variety of processes including fluvial erosion, mass wasting, burial by dunes and submergence in seas, but there is no compelling evidence of isostatic adjustments as on other icy moons, nor draping by thick atmospheric deposits. The paucity of craters implies that Titan's surface is quite young, but the modeled age depends on which published crater production rate is assumed. Using the model of Artemieva and Lunine (2005) suggests that craters with diameters smaller than about 35 km are younger than 200 million years old, and larger craters are older. Craters are not distributed uniformly; Xanadu has a crater density 2-9 times greater than the rest of Titan, and the density on equatorial dune areas is much lower than average. There is a small excess of craters on the leading hemisphere, and craters are deficient in the north polar region compared to the rest of the world. The youthful age of Titan overall, and the various erosional states of its likely impact craters, demonstrate that dynamic processes have destroyed most of the early history of the moon, and that multiple processes continue to strongly modify its surface. The existence of 24 possible impact craters with diameters less than 20 km appears consistent with the Ivanov, Basilevsky and Neukum (1997) model of the effectiveness of Titan's atmosphere in destroying most but not all small projectiles.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","usgsCitation":"Wood, C.A., Lorenz, R., Kirk, R., Lopes, R., Mitchell, K., Stofan, E., and Cassini RADAR Team, 2010, Impact craters on Titan: Icarus, p. 334-344.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"334","endPage":"344","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204121,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":91757,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019103509003753","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49ffe4b07f02db5f78ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Charles A.","contributorId":27599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lorenz, Ralph","contributorId":53933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenz","given":"Ralph","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirk, Randy","contributorId":107841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lopes, Rosaly","contributorId":50280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopes","given":"Rosaly","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mitchell, Karl","contributorId":53515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Karl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stofan, Ellen","contributorId":101373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stofan","given":"Ellen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cassini RADAR Team","contributorId":127942,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Cassini RADAR Team","id":535120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70003588,"text":"70003588 - 2010 - Food-web structure of seep sediment macrobenthos from the Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-13T20:17:31","indexId":"70003588","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1371,"text":"Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Food-web structure of seep sediment macrobenthos from the Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"The slope environment of the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) supports dense communities of seep megafaunal invertebrates that rely on endosymbiotic bacteria for nutrition. Seep sediments also contain smaller macrofaunal invertebrates whose nutritional pathways are not well understood. Using stable-isotope analysis, we investigate the utilization of chemosynthetically fixed and methane-derived organic matter by macrofauna. Biological sampling was conducted in three lower-slope GOM seep environs: Green Canyon (GC852, 1428 m), Atwater Valley (AT340, 2230 m), and Alaminos Canyon (AC601, 2384 m). Infaunal delta13C and delta15N exhibited a broad range of values; most infauna appeared to be heterotrophic, although several taxa had very light delta15N and delta13C values, indicating possible reliance on chemoautotrophic symbioses. The lightest delta13C and delta15N values were observed in nematodes (delta13C=-54.6 + or - 0.1 per mil, delta15N=-6.1 + or - 0.2 per mil) and one gastropod (delta13C=-54.1 per mil, delta15N=-1.1 per mil) from Green Canyon. Mixing-model results indicated that sulfur-oxidizing Beggiatoa may be an important food source for seep infauna; the rate of utilization ranged from 60% to 100% at Green Canyon and Atwater Valley. The overall range in isotope values was similar across the three sites, suggesting that biogeochemical processes may be very similar in these geographically distinct areas.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.05.011","usgsCitation":"Demopoulos, A., Gualtieri, D., and Kovacs, K., 2010, Food-web structure of seep sediment macrobenthos from the Gulf of Mexico: Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, v. 57, no. 21-23, p. 1972-1981, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.05.011.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1972","endPage":"1981","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269283,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.05.011"},{"id":203994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.5,22 ], [ -98.5,32.5 ], [ -85.5,32.5 ], [ -85.5,22 ], [ -98.5,22 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"57","issue":"21-23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae6a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Demopoulos, Amanda W.J. 0000-0003-2096-4694","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2096-4694","contributorId":28938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demopoulos","given":"Amanda W.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gualtieri, Daniel","contributorId":28351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gualtieri","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kovacs, Kaitlin 0000-0002-4089-434X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4089-434X","contributorId":24078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kovacs","given":"Kaitlin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70003583,"text":"70003583 - 2010 - Feeding preferences of West Indian manatees in Florida, Belize, and Puerto Rico as indicated by stable isotope analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-02T17:35:48.961882","indexId":"70003583","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Feeding preferences of West Indian manatees in Florida, Belize, and Puerto Rico as indicated by stable isotope analysis","docAbstract":"The endangered West Indian manatee Trichechus manatus has 2 recognized subspecies: the Florida T. m. latirostris and Antillean T. m. manatus manatee, both of which are found in freshwater, estuarine, and marine habitats. A better understanding of manatee feeding preferences and habitat use is essential to establish criteria on which conservation plans can be based. Skin from manatees in Florida, Belize, and Puerto Rico, as well as aquatic vegetation from their presumed diet, were analyzed for stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios. This is the first application of stable isotope analysis to Antillean manatees. Stable isotope ratios for aquatic vegetation differed by plant type (freshwater, estuarine, and marine), collection location, and in one instance, season. Carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios for manatee skin differed between collection location and in one instance, season, but did not differ between sex or age class. Signatures in the skin of manatees sampled in Belize and Puerto Rico indicated a diet composed primarily of seagrasses, whereas those of Florida manatees exhibited greater regional variation. Mixing model results indicated that manatees sampled from Crystal River and Homosassa Springs (Florida, USA) ate primarily freshwater vegetation, whereas manatees sampled from Big Bend Power Plant, Ten Thousand Islands, and Warm Mineral Springs (Florida) fed primarily on seagrasses. Possible diet–tissue discrimination values for 15N were estimated to range from 1.0 to 1.5‰. Stable isotope analysis can be used to interpret manatee feeding behavior over a long period of time, specifically the use of freshwater vegetation versus seagrasses, and can aid in identifying critical habitats and improving conservation efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research Science Center","doi":"10.3354/meps08450","usgsCitation":"Alves-Stanley, C.D., Worthy, G.A., and Bonde, R.K., 2010, Feeding preferences of West Indian manatees in Florida, Belize, and Puerto Rico as indicated by stable isotope analysis: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 402, p. 255-267, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08450.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"267","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475576,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08450","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382888,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States;Belize;Puerto Rico","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.5185546875,\n 30.826780904779774\n ],\n [\n -84.72656249999999,\n 30.789036751261136\n ],\n [\n -85.078125,\n 31.12819929911196\n ],\n [\n -87.71484375,\n 30.977609093348686\n ],\n [\n -87.4072265625,\n 30.372875188118016\n ],\n [\n -84.8583984375,\n 29.726222319395504\n ],\n [\n -82.8369140625,\n 27.72243591897343\n ],\n [\n -81.0791015625,\n 24.966140159912975\n ],\n [\n -79.7607421875,\n 25.363882272740256\n ],\n [\n -79.8046875,\n 27.72243591897343\n ],\n [\n -81.5185546875,\n 30.826780904779774\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -65.60760498046875,\n 18.383198531081593\n ],\n [\n -65.89599609375,\n 18.450952116499924\n ],\n [\n -66.37115478515625,\n 18.500447458475094\n ],\n [\n -67.10723876953125,\n 18.516074596589366\n ],\n [\n -67.1649169921875,\n 18.497842796761336\n ],\n [\n -67.2637939453125,\n 18.362345911229017\n ],\n [\n -67.2088623046875,\n 17.96567026450932\n ],\n [\n -66.92596435546875,\n 17.92386271817638\n ],\n [\n -66.3958740234375,\n 17.94476772628429\n ],\n [\n -66.14593505859375,\n 17.934315530810014\n ],\n [\n -65.90423583984375,\n 17.96305758238804\n ],\n [\n -65.57464599609375,\n 18.216307167661796\n ],\n [\n -65.60760498046875,\n 18.383198531081593\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.39599609375,\n 18.521283325496277\n ],\n [\n -88.83544921874999,\n 18.020527657852337\n ],\n [\n -89.12109375,\n 17.936928637549443\n ],\n [\n -89.23095703125,\n 15.919073517982426\n ],\n [\n -88.9453125,\n 15.919073517982426\n ],\n [\n -88.39599609375,\n 16.425547506916725\n ],\n [\n -88.08837890625,\n 17.035777250427195\n ],\n [\n -88.13232421875,\n 18.271086109608877\n ],\n [\n -88.39599609375,\n 18.521283325496277\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"402","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49b7e4b07f02db5ccb98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alves-Stanley, Christy D.","contributorId":61940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alves-Stanley","given":"Christy","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Worthy, Graham A.J.","contributorId":62731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Worthy","given":"Graham","email":"","middleInitial":"A.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bonde, Robert K. 0000-0001-9179-4376 rbonde@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9179-4376","contributorId":2675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonde","given":"Robert","email":"rbonde@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70003527,"text":"70003527 - 2010 - Identifying sources of dissolved organic carbon in agriculturally dominated rivers using radiocarbon age dating: Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T16:40:08","indexId":"70003527","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying sources of dissolved organic carbon in agriculturally dominated rivers using radiocarbon age dating: Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin, California","docAbstract":"We used radiocarbon measurements of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to resolve sources of riverine carbon within agriculturally dominated landscapes in California. During 2003 and 2004, average Δ14C for DOC was −254‰ in agricultural drains in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta, −218‰ in the San Joaquin River, −175‰ in the California State Water Project and −152‰ in the Sacramento River. The age of bulk DOC transiting the rivers of California’s Central Valley is the oldest reported for large rivers and suggests wide-spread loss of soil organic matter caused by agriculture and urbanization. Using DAX 8 adsorbent, we isolated and measured 14C concentrations in hydrophobic acid fractions (HPOA); river samples showed evidence of bomb-pulse carbon with average Δ14C of 91 and 76‰ for the San Joaquin and Sacramento Rivers, respectively, with older HPOA, −204‰, observed in agricultural drains. An operationally defined non-HPOA fraction of DOC was observed in the San Joaquin River with seasonally computed Δ14C values of between −275 and −687‰; the source of this aged material was hypothesized to be physically protected organic-matter in high clay-content soils and agrochemicals (i.e., radiocarbon-dead material) applied to farmlands. Mixing models suggest that the Sacramento River contributes about 50% of the DOC load in the California State Water Project, and agricultural drains contribute approximately one-third of the load. In contrast to studies showing stabilization of soil carbon pools within one or two decades following land conversion, sustained loss of soil organic matter, occurring many decades after the initial agricultural-land conversion, was observed in California’s Central Valley.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10533-009-9391-z","usgsCitation":"Sickman, J.O., DiGiorgio, C.L., Davisson, M.L., Lucero, D.M., and Bergamaschi, B., 2010, Identifying sources of dissolved organic carbon in agriculturally dominated rivers using radiocarbon age dating: Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin, California: Biogeochemistry, v. 99, no. 1, p. 79-96, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-009-9391-z.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"79","endPage":"96","ipdsId":"IP-012067","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475577,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-009-9391-z","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":203957,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Joaquin;Sacramento;Contra Costa;Solano","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Delta;San Joaquin River;Sacramento River;Twitchell Island;Bouldin Island;Bacon Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.11666666666666,37.5 ], [ -122.11666666666666,38.5 ], [ -121.25,38.5 ], [ -121.25,37.5 ], [ -122.11666666666666,37.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"99","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-11-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5f9d91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sickman, James O.","contributorId":30741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sickman","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DiGiorgio, Carol L.","contributorId":88071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DiGiorgio","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davisson, M. Lee","contributorId":106248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davisson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lucero, Delores M.","contributorId":88865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucero","given":"Delores","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bergamaschi, Brian A. 0000-0002-9610-5581 bbergama@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":1448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"Brian A.","email":"bbergama@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":347634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70003399,"text":"70003399 - 2010 - Distribution patterns of wintering sea ducks in relation to the North Atlantic Oscillation and local environmental characteristics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:55","indexId":"70003399","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution patterns of wintering sea ducks in relation to the North Atlantic Oscillation and local environmental characteristics","docAbstract":"Twelve species of North American sea ducks (Tribe Mergini) winter off the eastern coast of the United States and Canada. Yet, despite their seasonal proximity to urbanized areas in this region, there is limited information on patterns of wintering sea duck habitat use. It is difficult to gather information on sea ducks because of the relative inaccessibility of their offshore locations, their high degree of mobility, and their aggregated distributions. To characterize environmental conditions that affect wintering distributions, as well as their geographic ranges, we analyzed count data on five species of sea ducks (black scoters Melanitta nigra americana, surf scoters M. perspicillata, white-winged scoters M. fusca, common eiders Somateria mollissima, and long-tailed ducks Clangula hyemalis) that were collected during the Atlantic Flyway Sea Duck Survey for ten years starting in the early 1990s. We modeled count data for each species within ten-nautical-mile linear survey segments using a zero-inflated negative binomial model that included four local-scale habitat covariates (sea surface temperature, mean bottom depth, maximum bottom slope, and a variable to indicate if the segment was in a bay or not), one broad-scale covariate (the North Atlantic Oscillation), and a temporal correlation component. Our results indicate that species distributions have strong latitudinal gradients and consistency in local habitat use. The North Atlantic Oscillation was the only environmental covariate that had a significant (but variable) effect on the expected count for all five species, suggesting that broad-scale climatic conditions may be directly or indirectly important to the distributions of wintering sea ducks. Our results provide critical information on species-habitat associations, elucidate the complicated relationship between the North Atlantic Oscillation, sea surface temperature, and local sea duck abundances, and should be useful in assessing the impacts of climate change on seabirds.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00442-010-1622-4","usgsCitation":"Zipkin, E., Gardner, B., Gilbert, A.T., O’Connell, A.F., Royle, J., and Silverman, E.D., 2010, Distribution patterns of wintering sea ducks in relation to the North Atlantic Oscillation and local environmental characteristics: Oecologia, v. 163, no. 4, p. 893-902, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-010-1622-4.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"893","endPage":"902","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":21676,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-010-1622-4","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","volume":"163","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-04-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63f3a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zipkin, Elise F.","contributorId":70528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zipkin","given":"Elise F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gardner, Beth","contributorId":91612,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gardner","given":"Beth","affiliations":[{"id":13553,"text":"University of Washington-Seattle","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":347139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gilbert, Andrew T.","contributorId":100974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilbert","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Connell, Allan F. 0000-0001-7032-7023 aoconnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7032-7023","contributorId":471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connell","given":"Allan","email":"aoconnell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":80808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Silverman, Emily D.","contributorId":79220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silverman","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70003624,"text":"70003624 - 2010 - Ants as a measure of effectiveness of habitat conservation planning in southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-12T13:51:20.413976","indexId":"70003624","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ants as a measure of effectiveness of habitat conservation planning in southern California","docAbstract":"In the United States multispecies habitat conservation plans were meant to be the solution to conflicts between economic development and protection of biological diversity. Although now widely applied, questions exist concerning the scientific credibility of the conservation planning process and effectiveness of the plans. We used ants to assess performance of one of the first regional conservation plans developed in the United States, the Orange County Central‐Coastal Natural Community Conservation Plan (NCCP), in meeting its broader conservation objectives of biodiversity and ecosystem‐level protection. We collected pitfall data on ants for over 3 years on 172 sites established across a network of conservation lands in coastal southern California. Although recovered native ant diversity for the study area was high, site‐occupancy models indicated the invasive and ecologically disruptive Argentine ant (Linepithema humile) was present at 29% of sites, and sites located within 200 m of urban and agricultural areas were more likely to have been invaded. Within invaded sites, native ants were largely displaced, and their median species richness declined by more than 60% compared with uninvaded sites. At the time of planning, 24% of the 15,133‐ha reserve system established by Orange County NCCP fell within 200 m of an urban or agricultural edge. With complete build out of lands surrounding the reserve, the proportion of the reserve system vulnerable to invasion will grow to 44%. Our data indicate that simply protecting designated areas from development is not enough. If habitat conservation plans are to fulfill their conservation promise of ecosystem‐level protection, a more‐integrated and systematic approach to the process of habitat conservation planning is needed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01486.x","usgsCitation":"Mitrovich, M.J., Matsuda, T., Pease, K.H., and Fisher, R.N., 2010, Ants as a measure of effectiveness of habitat conservation planning in southern California: Conservation Biology, v. 24, no. 5, p. 1239-1248, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01486.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1239","endPage":"1248","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382096,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Los Angeles, Irvine, Long Beach","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.553466796875,\n 33.55970664841198\n ],\n [\n -117.366943359375,\n 33.55970664841198\n ],\n [\n -117.366943359375,\n 34.19817309627726\n ],\n [\n -118.553466796875,\n 34.19817309627726\n ],\n [\n -118.553466796875,\n 33.55970664841198\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67af31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mitrovich, Milan J.","contributorId":88864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitrovich","given":"Milan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matsuda, Tritia","contributorId":10913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matsuda","given":"Tritia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pease, Krista H.","contributorId":105034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pease","given":"Krista","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70003761,"text":"70003761 - 2010 - Global positioning system and associated technologies in animal behaviour and ecological research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-21T18:20:08","indexId":"70003761","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3048,"text":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global positioning system and associated technologies in animal behaviour and ecological research","docAbstract":"Biologists can equip animals with global positioning system (GPS) technology to obtain accurate (less than or equal to 30 m) locations that can be combined with sensor data to study animal behaviour and ecology. We provide the background of GPS techniques that have been used to gather data for wildlife studies. We review how GPS has been integrated into functional systems with data storage, data transfer, power supplies, packaging and sensor technologies to collect temperature, activity, proximity and mortality data from terrestrial species and birds. GPS 'rapid fixing' technologies combined with sensors provide location, dive frequency and duration profiles, and underwater acoustic information for the study of marine species. We examine how these rapid fixing technologies may be applied to terrestrial and avian applications. We discuss positional data quality and the capability for high-frequency sampling associated with GPS locations. We present alternatives for storing and retrieving data by using dataloggers (biologging), radio-frequency download systems (e.g. very high frequency, spread spectrum), integration of GPS with other satellite systems (e.g. Argos, Globalstar) and potential new data recovery technologies (e.g. network nodes). GPS is one component among many rapidly evolving technologies. Therefore, we recommend that users and suppliers interact to ensure the availability of appropriate equipment to meet animal research objectives.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society Publishing","publisherLocation":"London, UK","doi":"10.1098/rstb.2010.0090","usgsCitation":"Tomkiewicz, S.M., Fuller, M.R., Kie, J.G., and Bates, K.K., 2010, Global positioning system and associated technologies in animal behaviour and ecological research: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 365, no. 1550, p. 2163-2176, https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0090.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2163","endPage":"2176","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475583,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc2894966","text":"External Repository"},{"id":203958,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266214,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0090"}],"volume":"365","issue":"1550","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abee4b07f02db674939","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tomkiewicz, Stanley M.","contributorId":57199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tomkiewicz","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, Mark R. 0000-0001-7459-1729 mark_fuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7459-1729","contributorId":2296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Mark","email":"mark_fuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kie, John G.","contributorId":87274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kie","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bates, Kirk K.","contributorId":43723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bates","given":"Kirk","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70004700,"text":"70004700 - 2010 - Geographic variation in the plumage coloration of willow flycatchers Empidonax traillii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:51","indexId":"70004700","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2190,"text":"Journal of Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic variation in the plumage coloration of willow flycatchers Empidonax traillii","docAbstract":"The ability to identify distinct taxonomic groups of birds (species, subspecies, geographic races) can advance ecological research efforts by determining connectivity between the non-breeding and breeding grounds for migrant species, identifying the origin of migrants, and helping to refine boundaries between subspecies or geographic races. Multiple methods are available to identify taxonomic groups (e.g., morphology, genetics), and one that has played an important role for avian taxonomists over the years is plumage coloration. With the advent of electronic devices that can quickly and accurately quantify plumage coloration, the potential of using coloration as an identifier for distinct taxonomic groups, even when differences are subtle, becomes possible. In this study, we evaluated the degree to which plumage coloration differs among the four subspecies of the willow flycatcher Empidonax traillii, evaluated sources of variation, and considered the utility of plumage coloration to assign subspecies membership for individuals of unknown origin. We used a colorimeter to measure plumage coloration of 374 adult willow flycatchers from 29 locations across their breeding range in 2004 and 2005. We found strong statistical differences among the mean plumage coloration values of the four subspecies; however, while individuals tended to group around their respective subspecies' mean color value, the dispersion of individuals around such means overlapped. Mean color values for each breeding site of the three western subspecies clustered together, but the eastern subspecies' color values were dispersed among the other subspecies, rather than distinctly clustered. Additionally, sites along boundaries showed evidence of intergradation and intermediate coloration patterns. We evaluated the predictive power of colorimeter measurements on flycatchers by constructing a canonical discriminant model to predict subspecies origin of migrants passing through the southwestern U.S. Considering only western subspecies, we found that individuals can be assigned with reasonable certainty. Applying the model to migrants sampled along the Colorado River in Mexico and the U.S. suggests different migration patterns for the three western subspecies. We believe that the use of plumage coloration, as measured by electronic devices, can provide a powerful tool to look at ecological questions in a wide range of avian species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Avian Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","usgsCitation":"Paxton, E.H., Sogge, M.K., Koronkiewicz, T.J., McLeod, M.A., and Theimer, T.C., 2010, Geographic variation in the plumage coloration of willow flycatchers Empidonax traillii: Journal of Avian Biology, v. 41, no. 2, p. 128-138.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"128","endPage":"138","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204088,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":24431,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1600-048X.2009.04773.x/abstract","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States;Mexico","volume":"41","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8ffb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paxton, Eben H. 0000-0001-5578-7689","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-7689","contributorId":19640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paxton","given":"Eben","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sogge, Mark K. 0000-0002-8337-5689 mark_sogge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8337-5689","contributorId":3710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sogge","given":"Mark","email":"mark_sogge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koronkiewicz, Thomas J.","contributorId":48691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koronkiewicz","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McLeod, Mary Anne","contributorId":104204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLeod","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"Anne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Theimer, Tad C.","contributorId":72073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theimer","given":"Tad","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":351194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70003489,"text":"70003489 - 2010 - GPS tracking devices reveal foraging strategies of black-legged kittiwakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-18T11:33:49","indexId":"70003489","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2409,"text":"Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"GPS tracking devices reveal foraging strategies of black-legged kittiwakes","docAbstract":"The Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla is the most abundant gull species in the world, but some populations have declined in recent years, apparently due to food shortage. Kittiwakes are surface feeders and thus can compensate for low food availability only by increasing their foraging range and/or devoting more time to foraging. The species is widely studied in many respects, but long-distance foraging and the limitations of conventional radio telemetry have kept its foraging behavior largely out of view. The development of Global Positioning System (GPS) loggers is advancing rapidly. With devices as small as 8 g now available, it is possible to use this technology for tracking relatively small species of oceanic birds like kittiwakes. Here we present the first results of GPS telemetry applied to Black-legged Kittiwakes in 2007 in the North Pacific. All but one individual foraged in the neritic zone north of the island. Three birds performed foraging trips only close to the colony (within 13 km), while six birds had foraging ranges averaging about 40 km. The maximum foraging range was 59 km, and the maximum distance traveled was 165 km. Maximum trip duration was 17 h (mean 8 h). An apparently bimodal distribution of foraging ranges affords new insight on the variable foraging behaviour of Black-legged Kittiwakes. Our successful deployment of GPS loggers on kittiwakes holds much promise for telemetry studies on many other bird species of similar size and provides an incentive for applying this new approach in future studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10336-009-0479-y","usgsCitation":"Kotzerka, J., Garthe, S., and Hatch, S.A., 2010, GPS tracking devices reveal foraging strategies of black-legged kittiwakes: Journal of Ornithology, v. 151, no. 2, p. 459-467, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-009-0479-y.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"459","endPage":"467","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475590,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hal.science/hal-00568362","text":"External Repository"},{"id":204048,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -147,59.25 ], [ -147,60.333333333333336 ], [ -146.08333333333334,60.333333333333336 ], [ -146.08333333333334,59.25 ], [ -147,59.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"151","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b14d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kotzerka, Jana","contributorId":15330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kotzerka","given":"Jana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garthe, Stefan","contributorId":51900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garthe","given":"Stefan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70003566,"text":"70003566 - 2010 - Contribution of PAHs from coal-tar pavement sealcoat and other sources to 40 U.S. lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:41","indexId":"70003566","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contribution of PAHs from coal-tar pavement sealcoat and other sources to 40 U.S. lakes","docAbstract":"Contamination of urban lakes and streams by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has increased in the United States during the past 40 years. We evaluated sources of PAHs in post-1990 sediments in cores from 40 lakes in urban areas across the United States using a contaminant mass-balance receptor model and including as a potential source coal-tar-based (CT) sealcoat, a recently recognized source of urban PAH. Other PAH sources considered included several coal- and vehicle-related sources, wood combustion, and fuel-oil combustion. The four best modeling scenarios all indicate CT sealcoat is the largest PAH source when averaged across all 40 lakes, contributing about one-half of PAH in sediment, followed by vehicle-related sources and coal combustion. PAH concentrations in the lakes were highly correlated with PAH loading from CT sealcoat (Spearman's rho=0.98), and the mean proportional PAH profile for the 40 lakes was highly correlated with the PAH profile for dust from CT-sealed pavement (r=0.95). PAH concentrations and mass and fractional loading from CT sealcoat were significantly greater in the central and eastern United States than in the western United States, reflecting regional differences in use of different sealcoat product types. The model was used to calculate temporal trends in PAH source contributions during the last 40 to 100 years to eight of the 40 lakes. In seven of the lakes, CT sealcoat has been the largest source of PAHs since the 1960s, and in six of those lakes PAH trends are upward. Traffic is the largest source to the eighth lake, located in southern California where use of CT sealcoat is rare.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of the Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","usgsCitation":"Van Metre, P., and Mahler, B., 2010, Contribution of PAHs from coal-tar pavement sealcoat and other sources to 40 U.S. lakes: Science of the Total Environment, v. 409, no. 2, p. 334-344.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"334","endPage":"344","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204054,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":21720,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00489697","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","volume":"409","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a80ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Metre, Peter C.","contributorId":34104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Metre","given":"Peter C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mahler, Barbara 0000-0002-9150-9552 bjmahler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9150-9552","contributorId":1249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahler","given":"Barbara","email":"bjmahler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70003591,"text":"70003591 - 2010 - Characterization of highly informative cross-species microsatellite panels for the Australian dugong (Dugong dugon) and Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) including five novel primers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:56","indexId":"70003591","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-20T16:50:03","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2776,"text":"Molecular Ecology Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of highly informative cross-species microsatellite panels for the Australian dugong (Dugong dugon) and Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) including five novel primers","docAbstract":"The Australian dugong (Dugong dugon) and Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) are threatened species of aquatic mammals in the order Sirenia. Sirenian conservation and management actions would benefit from a more complete understanding of genetic diversity and population structure. Generally, species-specific microsatellite markers are employed in conservation genetic studies; however, robust markers can be difficult and costly to isolate. To increase the number of available markers, dugong and manatee microsatellite primers were evaluated for cross-species amplification. Furthermore, one manatee and four dugong novel primers are reported. After polymerase chain reaction optimization, 23 (92%) manatee primers successfully amplified dugong DNA, of which 11 (48%) were polymorphic. Of the 32 dugong primers tested, 27 (84%) yielded product in the manatee, of which 17 (63%) were polymorphic. Dugong and manatee primers were compared and the most informative markers were selected to create robust and informative marker-panels for each species. These crossspecies microsatellite marker-panels can be employed to assess other sirenian populations and can provide beneficial information for the protection and management of these unique mammals.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Ecology Resources","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","usgsCitation":"Hunter, M.K., Broderick, D., Ovenden, J.R., Tucker, K.P., Bonde, R.K., McGuire, P.M., and Lanyon, J., 2010, Characterization of highly informative cross-species microsatellite panels for the Australian dugong (Dugong dugon) and Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) including five novel primers: Molecular Ecology Resources, v. 10, no. 2, p. 368-377.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"368","endPage":"377","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203950,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":21908,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":1,"text":"Abstract"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2009.02761.x/abstract","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States;Australia","volume":"10","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4d9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunter, Margaret Kellogg","contributorId":70529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"Kellogg","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Broderick, Damien","contributorId":47509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Broderick","given":"Damien","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ovenden, Jennifer R.","contributorId":51437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ovenden","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tucker, Kimberly Pause","contributorId":58008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"Pause","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bonde, Robert K. 0000-0001-9179-4376 rbonde@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9179-4376","contributorId":2675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonde","given":"Robert","email":"rbonde@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McGuire, Peter M.","contributorId":45816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lanyon, Janet M.","contributorId":29117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanyon","given":"Janet M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70003828,"text":"70003828 - 2010 - Challenges and opportunities for integrating lake ecosystem modelling approaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-08T17:52:07.687133","indexId":"70003828","displayToPublicDate":"2011-06-17T16:50:03","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":863,"text":"Aquatic Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Challenges and opportunities for integrating lake ecosystem modelling approaches","docAbstract":"A large number and wide variety of lake ecosystem models have been developed and published during the past four decades. We identify two challenges for making further progress in this field. One such challenge is to avoid developing more models largely following the concept of others (‘reinventing the wheel’). The other challenge is to avoid focusing on only one type of model, while ignoring new and diverse approaches that have become available (‘having tunnel vision’). In this paper, we aim at improving the awareness of existing models and knowledge of concurrent approaches in lake ecosystem modelling, without covering all possible model tools and avenues. First, we present a broad variety of modelling approaches. To illustrate these approaches, we give brief descriptions of rather arbitrarily selected sets of specific models. We deal with static models (steady state and regression models), complex dynamic models (CAEDYM, CE-QUAL-W2, Delft 3D-ECO, LakeMab, LakeWeb, MyLake, PCLake, PROTECH, SALMO), structurally dynamic models and minimal dynamic models. We also discuss a group of approaches that could all be classified as individual based: super-individual models (Piscator, Charisma), physiologically structured models, stage-structured models and trait-based models. We briefly mention genetic algorithms, neural networks, Kalman filters and fuzzy logic. Thereafter, we zoom in, as an in-depth example, on the multi-decadal development and application of the lake ecosystem model PCLake and related models (PCLake Metamodel, Lake Shira Model, IPH-TRIM3D-PCLake). In the discussion, we argue that while the historical development of each approach and model is understandable given its ‘leading principle’, there are many opportunities for combining approaches. We take the point of view that a single ‘right’ approach does not exist and should not be strived for. Instead, multiple modelling approaches, applied concurrently to a given problem, can help develop an integrative view on the functioning of lake ecosystems. We end with a set of specific recommendations that may be of help in the further development of lake ecosystem models.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10452-010-9339-3","usgsCitation":"Mooij, W.M., Trolle, D., Jeppesen, E., Arhonditsis, G., Belolipetsky, P.V., Chitamwebwa, D.B., Degermendzhy, A.G., DeAngelis, D., Domis, L.N., Downing, A., Elliott, J.A., Fragoso, C.R., Gaedke, U., Genova, S.N., Gulati, R.D., Hakanson, L., Hamilton, D., Hipsey, M., Hoen, J.’., Hulsmann, S., Los, F.H., Makler-Pick, V., Petzoldt, T., Prokopkin, I.G., Rinke, K., Schep, S.A., Tominaga, K., Van Dam, A., Van Nes, E.H., Wells, S.A., and Janse, J., 2010, Challenges and opportunities for integrating lake ecosystem modelling approaches: Aquatic Ecology, v. 44, no. 3, p. 633-667, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-010-9339-3.","productDescription":"35 p.","startPage":"633","endPage":"667","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475595,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-010-9339-3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382032,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6df7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mooij, Wolf M.","contributorId":94169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooij","given":"Wolf","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trolle, Dennis","contributorId":38023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trolle","given":"Dennis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jeppesen, Erik","contributorId":43631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jeppesen","given":"Erik","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Arhonditsis, George","contributorId":90985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arhonditsis","given":"George","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Belolipetsky, Pavel V.","contributorId":8732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belolipetsky","given":"Pavel","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chitamwebwa, Deonatus B.R.","contributorId":37606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chitamwebwa","given":"Deonatus","email":"","middleInitial":"B.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Degermendzhy, Andrey G.","contributorId":32042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Degermendzhy","given":"Andrey","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"DeAngelis, Donald L. 0000-0002-1570-4057","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":88015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Donald L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Domis, Lisette N. De Senerpont","contributorId":71448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domis","given":"Lisette","email":"","middleInitial":"N. De Senerpont","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Downing, Andrea S.","contributorId":94552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downing","given":"Andrea S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Elliott, J. 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The volume of water that diffuses within an egg is most likely determined by (1) the difference in ionic concentration between the egg and the water that surrounds it and (2) the elasticity of the egg membrane. Prior observations suggest that silver carp eggs may swell and burst in soft waters. If water hardness affects silver carp reproductive success in nonnative ecosystems, this abiotic factor could limit silver carp distribution or abundance. In this study, we tested the effect of water hardness on silver carp egg enlargement and hatching success. Groups of newly fertilized silver carp eggs were placed in water at one of five nominal water hardness levels (50, 100, 150, 200, or 250 mg/L as CaCO3) for 1 h to harden (absorb water after fertilization). Egg groups were then placed in separate incubation vessels housed in two recirculation systems that were supplied with either soft (50 mg/L as CaCO3) or hard (250 mg/L as CaCO3) water to evaluate hatching success. Tests were terminated within 24 h after viable eggs had hatched. Eggs that were initially placed in 50-mg/L water to harden were larger (i.e., swelled more) and had a greater probability of hatch than eggs hardened in other water hardness levels. Unlike the effect of water hardness during egg hardening, the water hardness during incubation appeared to have no effect on egg hatching success. Our research suggests that water hardness may not be a limiting factor in the reproduction, recruitment, and range expansion of silver carp in North America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/M09-067.1","usgsCitation":"Rach, J.J., Sass, G., Luoma, J.A., and Gaikowski, M.P., 2010, Effects of water hardness on size and hatching success of silver carp eggs: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 30, no. 1, p. 230-237, https://doi.org/10.1577/M09-067.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"230","endPage":"237","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288118,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288117,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M09-067.1"}],"country":"United States","volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53919163e4b06f80638265c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rach, Jeff J.","contributorId":38875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rach","given":"Jeff","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sass, Greg G.","contributorId":31281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sass","given":"Greg G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luoma, James A. 0000-0003-3556-0190 jluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3556-0190","contributorId":4449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"James","email":"jluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gaikowski, Mark P. 0000-0002-6507-9341 mgaikowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6507-9341","contributorId":796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaikowski","given":"Mark","email":"mgaikowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":494378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70003461,"text":"70003461 - 2010 - Intraperitoneal injections as a possible means of generating varied levels of methylmercury in the eggs of birds in field studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-18T10:28:25","indexId":"70003461","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-03T12:11:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intraperitoneal injections as a possible means of generating varied levels of methylmercury in the eggs of birds in field studies","docAbstract":"The ideal study of the effects of methylmercury on the reproductive success of a species of bird would be one in which eggs contained mercury concentrations ranging from controls to very heavily contaminated, all at the same site. Such a study cannot be realized at a mercury contaminated area or under laboratory conditions, but could be achieved by introducing methylmercury into breeding females and allowing them to deposit mercury in their eggs. Female mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) were intraperitoneally injected with solutions of methylmercury chloride dissolved in corn oil, propylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide, mineral oil, Olestra, Crisco, lard, hard paraffin, and a combination of hard and soft paraffin. In some cases, egg laying was delayed, either due to the solvent itself (in the case of Olestra, Crisco, and lard) or to the highest concentration of methylmercury chloride (500 μg/g) in some of the solvents. Mercury in eggs ranged from a control level (< 0.1 μg/g) to approximately 14 μg/g on a wet weight basis, which more than covers the range of concentrations reported in wild bird eggs. Mercury concentrations in a series of eggs from the same female declined mostly due to excretion of mercury in prior eggs and not because of the length of time since the injection. Intraperitoneal injections hold promise in field studies where one would like to study the reproductive effects of a wide range of methylmercury levels in the eggs of a wild bird and under the natural conditions that exist in the field.","language":"English","publisher":"SETAC","doi":"10.1002/etc.128","usgsCitation":"Heinz, G., Hoffman, D.J., Klimstra, J.D., and Stebbins, K.R., 2010, Intraperitoneal injections as a possible means of generating varied levels of methylmercury in the eggs of birds in field studies: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 29, no. 5, p. 1079-1083, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.128.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1079","endPage":"1083","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204508,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"29","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-01-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49c2e4b07f02db5d3ebd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heinz, Gary gheinz@usgs.gov","contributorId":3049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinz","given":"Gary","email":"gheinz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":347364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoffman, David J.","contributorId":86075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":347365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klimstra, Jon D.","contributorId":6985,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klimstra","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":347363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stebbins, Katherine R.","contributorId":94012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stebbins","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":347366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70044283,"text":"70044283 - 2010 - Heat Flow and Hydrologic Characteristics at the AND-1B borehole, ANDRILL McMurdo Ice Shelf Project, Antarctica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-10T13:44:58","indexId":"70044283","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heat Flow and Hydrologic Characteristics at the AND-1B borehole, ANDRILL McMurdo Ice Shelf Project, Antarctica","docAbstract":"The Antarctic Drilling Program (ANDRILL) successfully drilled and cored a borehole, AND-1B, beneath the McMurdo Ice Shelf and into a flexural moat basin that surrounds Ross Island. Total drilling depth reached 1285 m below seafloor (mbsf) with 98 percent core recovery for the detailed study of glacier dynamics. With the goal of obtaining complementary information regarding heat flow and permeability, which is vital to understanding the nature of marine hydrogeologic systems, a succession of three temperature logs was recorded over a five-day span to monitor the gradual thermal recovery toward equilibrium conditions. These data were extrapolated to true, undisturbed temperatures, and they define a linear geothermal gradient of 76.7 K/km from the seafloor to 647 mbsf. Bulk thermal conductivities of the sedimentary rocks were derived from empirical mixing models and density measurements performed on core, and an average value of 1.5 W/mK ± 10 percent was determined. The corresponding estimate of heat flow at this site is 115 mW/m2. This value is relatively high but is consistent with other elevated heat-flow data associated with the Erebus Volcanic Province. Information regarding the origin and frequency of pathways for subsurface fluid flow is gleaned from drillers' records, complementary geophysical logs, and core descriptions. Only two prominent permeable zones are identified and these correspond to two markedly different features within the rift basin; one is a distinct lithostratigraphic subunit consisting of a thin lava flow and the other is a heavily fractured interval within a single thick subunit.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geosphere","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES00512.1","usgsCitation":"Morin, R.H., Williams, T., Henry, S., Diana Magens and Frank Niessen, and Hansaraj, D., 2010, Heat Flow and Hydrologic Characteristics at the AND-1B borehole, ANDRILL McMurdo Ice Shelf Project, Antarctica: Geosphere, v. 6, no. 4, p. 370-378, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00512.1.","startPage":"370","endPage":"378","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-005777","costCenters":[{"id":435,"text":"National Research Program - Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475609,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00512.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":270793,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270792,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GES00512.1"},{"id":270791,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1023&context=andrillrespub"}],"country":"United States","volume":"6","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"516689e3e4b0bba30b388bde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morin, Roger H. rhmorin@usgs.gov","contributorId":2432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"Roger","email":"rhmorin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":475236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, Trevor","contributorId":70662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Trevor","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Henry, Stuart","contributorId":82594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henry","given":"Stuart","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Diana Magens and Frank Niessen","contributorId":128028,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Diana Magens and Frank Niessen","id":535449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hansaraj, Dhiresh","contributorId":29713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansaraj","given":"Dhiresh","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}