{"pageNumber":"2023","pageRowStart":"50550","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184717,"records":[{"id":97483,"text":"sir20095084 - 2009 - Baseline Channel Geometry and Aquatic Habitat Data for Selected Streams in the Matanuska-Susitna Valley, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-06T10:51:36","indexId":"sir20095084","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5084","title":"Baseline Channel Geometry and Aquatic Habitat Data for Selected Streams in the Matanuska-Susitna Valley, Alaska","docAbstract":"Small streams in the rapidly developing Matanuska-Susitna Valley in south-central Alaska are known to support anadromous and resident fish but little is known about their hydrologic and riparian conditions, or their sensitivity to the rapid development of the area or climate variability. To help address this need, channel geometry and aquatic habitat data were collected in 2005 as a baseline of stream conditions for selected streams. Three streams were selected as representative of various stream types, and one drainage network, the Big Lake drainage basin, was selected for a systematic assessment. Streams in the Big Lake basin were drawn in a Geographic Information System (GIS), and 55 reaches along 16 miles of Meadow Creek and its primary tributary Little Meadow Creek were identified from orthoimagery and field observations on the basis of distinctive physical and habitat parameters, most commonly gradient, substrate, and vegetation. Data-collection methods for sites at the three representative reaches and the 55 systematically studied reaches consisted of a field survey of channel and flood-plain geometry and collection of 14 habitat attributes using published protocols or slight modifications. Width/depth and entrenchment ratios along the Meadow-Little Meadow Creek corridor were large and highly variable upstream of Parks Highway and lower and more consistent downstream of Parks Highway. Channel width was strongly correlated with distance, increasing downstream in a log-linear relation. Runs formed the most common habitat type, and instream vegetation dominated the habitat cover types, which collectively covered 53 percent of the channel. Gravel suitable for spawning covered isolated areas along Meadow Creek and about 29 percent of Little Meadow Creek. Broad wetlands were common along both streams. For a comprehensive assessment of small streams in the Mat-Su Valley, critical additional data needs include hydrologic, geologic and geomorphic, and biologic data, in particular the contribution of ground water and lakes to streamflow, water quality, flood plain connectivity, and surficial geology. ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095084","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Curran, J.H., and Rice, W.J., 2009, Baseline Channel Geometry and Aquatic Habitat Data for Selected Streams in the Matanuska-Susitna Valley, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5084, Report: vi, 25 p.; Appendix; Zip File, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095084.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 25 p.; Appendix; Zip File","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124399,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5084.jpg"},{"id":12630,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5084/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -150.08333333333334,61.333333333333336 ], [ -150.08333333333334,61.833333333333336 ], [ -148.83333333333334,61.833333333333336 ], [ -148.83333333333334,61.333333333333336 ], [ -150.08333333333334,61.333333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648806","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Curran, Janet H. 0000-0002-3899-6275 jcurran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3899-6275","contributorId":690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curran","given":"Janet","email":"jcurran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rice, William J.","contributorId":24464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":97480,"text":"sir20085178 - 2009 - Water quality and evaluation of pesticides in lakes in the Ridge Citrus region of central Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-20T18:53:56.212525","indexId":"sir20085178","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5178","title":"Water quality and evaluation of pesticides in lakes in the Ridge Citrus region of central Florida","docAbstract":"Water chemistry, including major inorganic constituents, nutrients, and pesticide compounds, was compared between seven lakes surrounded by citrus agriculture and an undeveloped lake on the Lake Wales Ridge (herein referred to as the Ridge) in central Florida. The region has been recognized for its vulnerability to the leaching of agricultural chemicals into the subsurface due to factors including soils, climate, and land use. About 40 percent of Florida's citrus cultivation occurs in 'ridge citrus' areas characterized by sandy well drained soils, with the remainder in 'flatwoods citrus' characterized by high water tables and poorly drained soils. The lakes on the Ridge are typically flow-through lakes that exchange water with adjacent and underlying aquifer systems. This study is the first to evaluate the occurrence of pesticides in lakes on the Ridge, and also represents one of the first monitoring efforts nationally to focus on regional-scale assessment of current-use pesticides in small- to moderate-sized lakes (5 to 393 acres). The samples were collected between December 2003 and September 2005. \r\n      The lakes in citrus areas contained elevated concentrations of major inorganic constituents (including alkalinity, total dissolved solids, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, and sulfate), total nitrogen, pH, and pesticides compared to the undeveloped lake. Nitrate (as N) and total nitrogen concentrations were typically elevated in the citrus lakes, with maximum values of 4.70 and 5.19 mg/L (milligrams per liter), respectively. Elevated concentrations of potassium, nitrate, and other inorganic constituents in the citrus lakes likely reflect inputs from the surficial ground-water system that originated predominantly from agricultural fertilizers, soil amendments, and inorganic pesticides.\r\n      A total of 20 pesticide compounds were detected in the lakes, of which 12 compounds exceeded the standardized reporting level of 0.06 ug/L (microgram per liter). Those most frequently detected above the 0.06-ug/L level were aldicarb sulfoxide, diuron, simazine degradates hydroxysimazine and didealkylatrazine (DDA), bromacil, norflurazon, and demethyl norflurazon which occurred at detection rates ranging from 25 to 86 percent of samples, respectively. Typically, pesticide concentrations in the lake samples were less than 1 microgram per liter. The number of targeted pesticide compounds detected per lake in the citrus areas ranged from 9 to 14 compared to 3 compounds detected at trace levels in the undeveloped lake. Consistent detections of parents and degradates in quarterly samples indicated the presence of pesticide compounds in the lakes many months or years (for example, bromacil) after their application, signaling the persistence of some pesticide compounds in the lakes and/or ground-water systems. Pesticide degradate concentrations frequently exceeded parent concentrations in the lakes. This study was the first in the Ridge citrus region to analyze for glyphosate - widely used in citrus - and its degradate aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), neither of which were detected, as well as a number of triazine degradates, including hydroxysimazine, which were detected.\r\n      The lake pesticide concentrations did not exceed current Federal aquatic-life benchmarks, available for 10 of the 20 detected pesticide compounds. Limited occurrences of bromacil, diuron, or norflurazon concentrations were within about 10 to 90 percent of benchmark guidelines for acute effects on nonvascular aquatic plants in one or two of the lakes. The lake pesticide concentrations for several targeted pesticides were relatively high compared to corresponding national stream-water percentiles, which is consistent with this region's vulnerability for pesticide leaching into water resources. \r\n      Several factors were evaluated to gain insight into the processes controlling pesticide transport and fate, and to assess their utility for estimating th","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20085178","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Florida Department of Environmental Protection and the Southwest Florida Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Choquette, A.F., and Kroening, S.E., 2009, Water quality and evaluation of pesticides in lakes in the Ridge Citrus region of central Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5178, vi, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085178.","productDescription":"vi, 55 p.","temporalStart":"2003-12-01","temporalEnd":"2005-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121020,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2008_5178.jpg"},{"id":12627,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5178/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":407075,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_86623.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Ridge Citrus region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.7036,\n              27.0389\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.2833,\n              27.0389\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.2833,\n              28.3361\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.7036,\n              28.3361\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.7036,\n              27.0389\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd488","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Choquette, Anne F. achoq@usgs.gov","contributorId":1225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choquette","given":"Anne","email":"achoq@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kroening, Sharon E.","contributorId":67868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kroening","given":"Sharon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70156083,"text":"70156083 - 2009 - Vulnerability of carbon storage in North American boreal forests to wildfires during the 21st century","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T21:12:59.986279","indexId":"70156083","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-04T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vulnerability of carbon storage in North American boreal forests to wildfires during the 21st century","docAbstract":"<div data-canvas-width=\"637.6190599666666\"><span>The boreal forest contains large reserves of carbon. Across this region, wildfires influence the temporal and spatial dynamics of carbon storage. In this study, we estimate fire emissions and changes in carbon storage for boreal North America over the 21st century. We use a gridded data set developed with a multivariate adaptive regression spline approach to determine how area burned varies each year with changing climatic and fuel moisture conditions. We apply the process‐based Terrestrial Ecosystem Model to evaluate the role of future fire on the carbon dynamics of boreal North America in the context of changing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>) concentration and climate in the A2 and B2 emissions scenarios of the CGCM2 global climate model. Relative to the last decade of the 20th century, decadal total carbon emissions from fire increase by 2.5–4.4 times by 2091–2100, depending on the climate scenario and assumptions about CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;fertilization. Larger fire emissions occur with warmer climates or if CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;fertilization is assumed to occur. Despite the increases in fire emissions, our simulations indicate that boreal North America will be a carbon sink over the 21st century if CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;fertilization is assumed to occur in the future. In contrast, simulations excluding CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;fertilization over the same period indicate that the region will change to a carbon source to the atmosphere, with the source being 2.1 times greater under the warmer A2 scenario than the B2 scenario. To improve estimates of wildfire on terrestrial carbon dynamics in boreal North America, future studies should incorporate the role of dynamic vegetation to represent more accurately post‐fire successional processes, incorporate fire severity parameters that change in time and space, account for human influences through increased fire suppression, and integrate the role of other disturbances and their interactions with future fire regime.</span></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01877.x","usgsCitation":"Balshi, M.S., McGuire, A., Duffy, P., Flannigan, M., Kicklighter, D., and Melillo, J., 2009, Vulnerability of carbon storage in North American boreal forests to wildfires during the 21st century: Global Change Biology, v. 15, no. 6, p. 1491-1510, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01877.x.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1491","endPage":"1510","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-009717","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306866,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, Greenland, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -67.32421875,\n              43.83452678223682\n            ],\n            [\n              -63.10546874999999,\n              43.32517767999296\n            ],\n            [\n              -51.328125,\n              47.635783590864854\n            ],\n            [\n              -18.984375,\n              72.18180355624855\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.37109375,\n              81.62135170283739\n            ],\n            [\n              -30.05859375,\n              83.81102365639774\n            ],\n            [\n              -54.31640625,\n              83.06877413473718\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.6953125,\n              83.3391531415795\n            ],\n            [\n              -132.5390625,\n              74.68325030051861\n            ],\n            [\n              -136.0546875,\n              71.46912418989677\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.46875,\n              71.46912418989677\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.76171875,\n              71.30079291637452\n            ],\n            [\n              -171.73828125,\n              63.470144746565424\n            ],\n            [\n              -169.62890625,\n              52.5897007687178\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.796875,\n              54.67383096593114\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.12890625,\n              58.99531118795094\n            ],\n            [\n              -137.98828125,\n              56.559482483762245\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.484375,\n              51.508742458803326\n            ],\n            [\n              -127.265625,\n              46.92025531537451\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.32421875,\n              43.83452678223682\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Balshi, M. S.","contributorId":9469,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balshi","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7211,"text":"University of Alaska, Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, Anthony ffadm@usgs.gov","contributorId":146428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Anthony","email":"ffadm@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":567836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duffy, P.","contributorId":40435,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duffy","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flannigan, M.","contributorId":62391,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flannigan","given":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13540,"text":"Canadian Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kicklighter, D. W.","contributorId":31537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kicklighter","given":"D. W.","affiliations":[{"id":13627,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Melillo, J.","contributorId":33081,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melillo","given":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13206,"text":"Sea Education Association, Woods Hole, Massachusetts","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70189915,"text":"70189915 - 2009 - Organic compounds used in animal husbandry: Chapter 13","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-01T10:37:42","indexId":"70189915","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"title":"Organic compounds used in animal husbandry: Chapter 13","docAbstract":"Although in general, the same drugs are used by humans as for animal husbandry, some compounds are unique to CAFOs. In raising and fattening steers, anabolic steroids are widely used in the US. In the cattle industry, large use is made of the acaricides, avermectins, and the cypermethrins as well as juvenile growth hormone inhibitor for fly and tick control that could affect soil fauna in very small quantities as they reach the environment without any modification. In poultry, the organic arsenides have been widely used for decades to control coccidiosis and increase growth. The environmental fate of the arsenic excreted in the poultry feces is therefore been an area of concern.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hormones and pharmaceuticals generated by concentrated animal feeding operations: transport in water and soil","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-0-387-92834-0_13","usgsCitation":"Wershaw, R.L., and Shore, L.S., 2009, Organic compounds used in animal husbandry: Chapter 13, chap. <i>of</i> Hormones and pharmaceuticals generated by concentrated animal feeding operations: transport in water and soil, v. 1, p. 115-123, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92834-0_13.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"123","ipdsId":"IP-009869","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344499,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59819318e4b0e2f5d463b7b9","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Pruden, Amy","contributorId":103398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pruden","given":"Amy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707013,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shore, Laurence S.","contributorId":195327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shore","given":"Laurence","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707014,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Wershaw, Robert L.","contributorId":195326,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wershaw","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shore, Laurence S.","contributorId":195327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shore","given":"Laurence","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":97477,"text":"ofr20081348 - 2009 - Benthic foraminiferal census data from Louisiana continental shelf cores, Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-06T15:46:10.840332","indexId":"ofr20081348","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1348","title":"Benthic foraminiferal census data from Louisiana continental shelf cores, Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"<p>An area of oxygen-depleted bottom- and subsurface-water (hypoxia = dissolved oxygen &lt; 2 mg/L-1) occurs seasonally on the Louisiana Shelf near the Mississippi River. The area of hypoxia, also known as the “dead zone,” forms when spring and early summer freshwater flow from the Mississippi River supplies a large amount of nutrients to the shelf while creating a freshwater lens, or cap, above the shelf water. The excess nutrients cause phytoplankton blooms in the shallow shelf water. After the bloom ceases, the organic material sinks in the water column and uses up oxygen during decomposition. Thus, the subsurface waters become oxygen depleted. The seasonal dead zone exists until a reduction in freshwater flow, or overturning by storms, allows mixing of the water column to restore normal oxygen conditions (Rabalais and others, 1994, 1996; Rabalais, 2002).</p><p>Since systematic measurement of the extent of the dead zone began in 1985, the overall pattern indicates that the area of the dead zone is increasing (Rabalais and Turner, 2001; Turner and others, 2005). Several studies have concluded that the expansion of the Louisiana Shelf dead zone is related to increased nutrients (primarily nitrogen, but possibly also phosphorous) in the Mississippi River drainage basin and is responsible for the degradation of Gulf of Mexico marine habitats (Goolsby and others, 2001). This paper presents the benthic foraminiferal data from 10 sediment cores collected from the Continental Shelf of Louisiana (table 1), obtained as part of an initiative to investigate the geographic and temporal extent of hypoxia prior to 1985 in the Gulf of Mexico.</p><p>Benthic foraminifers provide a method to track the development of hypoxia prior to 1985 (Blackwelder and others, 1996; Sen Gupta and others, 1996). Previous work (Osterman, 2003) has shown statistically that the relative occurrence of three low-oxygen-tolerant species represents the modern seasonal Louisiana hypoxia zone. The cumulative percentage of these three species (% Pseudononion atlanticum + % Epistominella vitrea, + % Buliminella morgani = PEB index of hypoxia) provides a way to investigate fluctuation in paleohypoxia. Interpretation of some of these cores is provided in Osterman and others (2005), Osterman and others (2008a,b), and Swarzenski and others (2008). Our hypothesis is that the increased relative abundance of PEB species in dated sediment cores accurately tracks past seasonal low-oxygen conditions on the Louisiana Shelf.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081348","usgsCitation":"Osterman, L.E., Kelly, W.S., and Ricardo, J.P., 2009, Benthic foraminiferal census data from Louisiana continental shelf cores, Gulf of Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1348, iv, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081348.","productDescription":"iv, 16 p.","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":12622,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1348/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":198111,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94,28 ], [ -94,30 ], [ -89,30 ], [ -89,28 ], [ -94,28 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a53e4b07f02db62b5f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Osterman, Lisa E. osterman@usgs.gov","contributorId":3058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osterman","given":"Lisa","email":"osterman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelly, Wendy S.","contributorId":22465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"Wendy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ricardo, John P.","contributorId":73307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ricardo","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":97478,"text":"ofr20081342 - 2009 - Examining Submarine Ground-Water Discharge into Florida Bay by using 222Rn and Continuous Resistivity Profiling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-15T12:07:21.443041","indexId":"ofr20081342","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1342","title":"Examining Submarine Ground-Water Discharge into Florida Bay by using 222Rn and Continuous Resistivity Profiling","docAbstract":"Estimates of submarine ground-water discharge (SGD) into Florida Bay remain one of the least understood components of a regional water balance. To quantify the magnitude and seasonality of SGD into upper Florida Bay, research activities included the use of the natural geochemical tracer, 222Rn, to examine potential SGD hotspots (222Rn surveys) and to quantify the total (saline + fresh water component) SGD rates at select sites (222Rn time-series). To obtain a synoptic map of the 222Rn distribution within our study site in Florida Bay, we set up a flow-through system on a small boat that consisted of a Differential Global Positioning System, a calibrated YSI, Inc CTD sensor with a sampling rate of 0.5 min, and a submersible pump (z = 0.5 m) that continuously fed water into an air/water exchanger that was plumbed simultaneously into four RAD7 222Rn air monitors. To obtain local advective ground-water flux estimates, 222Rn time-series experiments were deployed at strategic positions across hydrologic and geologic gradients within our study site. These time-series stations consisted of a submersible pump, a Solinist DIVER (to record continuous CTD parameters) and two RAD7 222Rn air monitors plumbed into an air/water exchanger. Repeat time-series 222Rn measurements were conducted for 3-4 days across several tidal excursions. Radon was also measured in the air during each sampling campaign by a dedicated RAD7. We obtained ground-water discharge information by calculating a 222Rn mass balance that accounted for lateral and horizontal exchange, as well as an appropriate ground-water 222Rn end member activity. \r\n\r\nAnother research component utilized marine continuous resistivity profiling (CRP) surveys to examine the subsurface salinity structure within Florida Bay sediments. This system consisted of an AGI SuperSting 8 channel receiver attached to a streamer cable that had two current (A,B) electrodes and nine potential electrodes that were spaced 10 m apart. A separate DGPS continuously sent position information to the SuperSting. \r\n\r\nResults indicate that the 222Rn maps provide a useful gauge of relative ground-water discharge into upper Florida Bay. The 222Rn time-series measurements provide a reasonable estimate of site- specific total (saline and fresh) ground-water discharge (mean = 12.5+-11.8 cm d-1), while the saline nature of the shallow ground-water at our study site, as evidenced by CPR results, indicates that most of this discharge must be recycled sea water. The CRP data show some interesting trends that appear to be consistent with subsurface geologic and hydrologic characterization. For example, some of the highest resistivity (electrical conductivity-1) values were recorded where one would expect a slight subsurface freshening (for example bayside Key Largo, or below the C111 canal).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081342","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with South Florida Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Swarzenski, P., Reich, C., and Rudnick, D., 2009, Examining Submarine Ground-Water Discharge into Florida Bay by using 222Rn and Continuous Resistivity Profiling (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1342, viii, 66 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081342.","productDescription":"viii, 66 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":645,"text":"Western Coastal and Marine Geology","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":12623,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1342/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":198163,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.7,25 ], [ -80.7,25.3 ], [ -80.3,25.3 ], [ -80.3,25 ], [ -80.7,25 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f96c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swarzenski, Peter 0000-0003-0116-0578","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":99664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reich, Chris","contributorId":27953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reich","given":"Chris","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rudnick, David","contributorId":12590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rudnick","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":97475,"text":"fs20093029 - 2009 - Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:32","indexId":"fs20093029","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-3029","title":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","docAbstract":"The Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center (NPWRC) conducts integrated research to fulfill the Department of the Interior's responsibilities to the Nation's natural resources. Located on 600 acres along the James River Valley near Jamestown, North Dakota, the NPWRC develops and disseminates scientific information needed to understand, conserve, and wisely manage the Nation's biological resources. Research emphasis is primarily on midcontinental plant and animal species and ecosystems of the United States.\r\n\r\nDuring the center's 40-year history, its scientists have earned an international reputation for leadership and expertise on the biology of waterfowl and grassland birds, wetland ecology and classification, mammalian behavior and ecology, grassland ecosystems, and application of statistics and geographic information systems.\r\n\r\nTo address current science challenges, NPWRC scientists collaborate with researchers from other U.S. Geological Survey centers and disciplines (Biology, Geography, Geology, and Water) and with biologists and managers in the Department of the Interior (DOI), other Federal agencies, State agencies, universities, and nongovernmental organizations. Expanding upon its scientific expertise and leadership, the NPWRC is moving in new directions, including invasive plant species, restoration of native habitats, carbon sequestration and marketing, and ungulate management on DOI lands.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20093029","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2009, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2009-3029, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20093029.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123018,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2009_3029.jpg"},{"id":12620,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3029/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a843a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":97479,"text":"sim2929 - 2009 - Geologic Map of the Atlin Quadrangle, Southeastern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-24T09:09:25","indexId":"sim2929","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2929","title":"Geologic Map of the Atlin Quadrangle, Southeastern Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>This map presents the results of U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) geologic bedrock mapping studies in the mostly glacier covered Atlin 1:250,000-scale quadrangle, northern southeastern Alaska. These studies are part of a long-term systematic effort by the USGS to provide bedrock geologic and mineral-resource information for all of southeastern Alaska, covering all of the Tongass National Forest (including Wilderness Areas) and Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Some contributions to this effort are those concerned with southwesternmost part of the region, the Craig and Dixon Entrance quadrangles (Brew, 1994; 1996) and with the Wrangell-Petersburg area (Brew, 1997a-m; Brew and Grybeck, 1997; Brew and Koch, 1997). As shown on the index map (fig. 1), the study area is almost entirely in the northern Coast Mountains adjacent to British Columbia, Canada. No previous geologic map has been published for the area, although Brew and Ford (1985) included a small part of it in a preliminary compilation of the adjoining Juneau quadrangle; and Brew and others (1991a) showed the geology at 1:500,000 scale. Areas mapped nearby in British Columbia and the United States are also shown on figure 1. All of the map area is in the Coast Mountains Complex as defined by Brew and others (1995a). A comprehensive bibliography is available for this and adjacent areas (Brew, 1997n).</p>","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sim2929","usgsCitation":"Brew, D.A., Himmelberg, G.R., and Ford, A., 2009, Geologic Map of the Atlin Quadrangle, Southeastern Alaska (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2929, Sheet: 43 x 33 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2929.","productDescription":"Sheet: 43 x 33 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195734,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":110815,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_86625.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"86625"},{"id":12624,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2929/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"25000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -135,59 ], [ -135,59.416666666666664 ], [ -134.33333333333334,59.416666666666664 ], [ -134.33333333333334,59 ], [ -135,59 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8584","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brew, David A. dbrew@usgs.gov","contributorId":3244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brew","given":"David","email":"dbrew@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":302253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Himmelberg, Glen R.","contributorId":57921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Himmelberg","given":"Glen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ford, Arthur B.","contributorId":52578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"Arthur B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":97474,"text":"ds436 - 2009 - Oblique Aerial Photography of the Arctic Coast of Alaska, Nulavik to Demarcation Point, August 7-10, 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:46","indexId":"ds436","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"436","title":"Oblique Aerial Photography of the Arctic Coast of Alaska, Nulavik to Demarcation Point, August 7-10, 2006","docAbstract":"The Arctic Coastal Plain of northern Alaska, an area of strategic economic importance to the United States, is home to remote Native American communities and encompasses unique habitats of global significance. Coastal erosion along the Arctic coast is chronic and widespread; recent evidence suggests that erosion rates are among the highest in the world (up to ~16 m/yr) and may be accelerating. Coastal erosion adversely impacts energy-related infrastructure, natural shoreline habitats, and Native American communities. Climate change is thought to be a key component of recent environmental changes in the Arctic. Reduced sea-ice cover in the Arctic Ocean is one of the probable mechanisms responsible for increasing coastal exposure to wave attack and the resulting increase in erosion. Extended periods of permafrost melting and associated decrease in bluff cohesion and stability are another possible source of the increase in erosion. \r\n\r\nSeveral studies of selected areas on the Alaska coast document past shoreline positions and coastal change, but none have examined the entire North coast systematically. Results from these studies indicate high rates of coastal retreat that vary spatially along the coast. To address the need for a comprehensive and regionally consistent evaluation of shoreline change along the North coast of Alaska, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), as part of their Coastal and Marine Geology Program's (CMGP) National Assessment of Shoreline Change Study, is evaluating shoreline change from Peard Bay to the United States/Canadian border, using historical maps and photography and a standardized methodology that is consistent with other shoreline-change studies along the Nation's coastlines (for example, URL http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/shoreline-change/ (last accessed March 2, 2009). \r\n\r\nThis report contains photographs collected during an aerial-reconnaissance survey conducted in support of this study. An accompanying ESRI ArcGIS shape file (and plain-text copy) indicates the position of the aircraft and time when each photograph was taken. The USGS-CMGP Field Activity ID for the survey is A-1-06-AK, and more information on the survey and how to view the photographs using Google Earth software is available online at: URL http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/a/a106ak/html/a-1-06-ak.meta.html (last accessed March 2, 2009).","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds436","usgsCitation":"Gibbs, A.E., and Richmond, B.M., 2009, Oblique Aerial Photography of the Arctic Coast of Alaska, Nulavik to Demarcation Point, August 7-10, 2006 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 436, Report: 14 p.; Metadata; Zip Files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds436.","productDescription":"Report: 14 p.; Metadata; Zip Files","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-08-07","temporalEnd":"2006-08-10","costCenters":[{"id":645,"text":"Western Coastal and Marine Geology","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195406,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12618,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/436/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -160,69 ], [ -160,72 ], [ -140,72 ], [ -140,69 ], [ -160,69 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a61ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gibbs, Ann E. 0000-0002-0883-3774 agibbs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0883-3774","contributorId":2644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibbs","given":"Ann","email":"agibbs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richmond, Bruce M. 0000-0002-0056-5832 brichmond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0056-5832","contributorId":2459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Bruce","email":"brichmond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":97473,"text":"ds433 - 2009 - Selected Geochemical Data for Modeling Near-Surface Processes in Mineral Systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:54","indexId":"ds433","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"433","title":"Selected Geochemical Data for Modeling Near-Surface Processes in Mineral Systems","docAbstract":"The database herein was initiated, designed, and populated to collect and integrate geochemical, geologic, and mineral deposit data in an organized manner to facilitate geoenvironmental mineral deposit modeling. The Microsoft Access database contains data on a variety of mineral deposit types that have variable environmental effects when exposed at the ground surface by mining or natural processes. The data tables describe quantitative and qualitative geochemical analyses determined by 134 analytical laboratory and field methods for over 11,000 heavy-mineral concentrate, rock, sediment, soil, vegetation, and water samples. The database also provides geographic information on geology, climate, ecoregion, and site contamination levels for over 3,000 field sites in North America.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds433","usgsCitation":"Giles, S.A., Granitto, M., and Eppinger, R.G., 2009, Selected Geochemical Data for Modeling Near-Surface Processes in Mineral Systems: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 433, Available online and on CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds433.","productDescription":"Available online and on CD-ROM","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":12617,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/433/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":198110,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -175,23 ], [ -175,67 ], [ -65,67 ], [ -65,23 ], [ -175,23 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e5bec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giles, Stuart A. 0000-0002-8696-5078 sgiles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8696-5078","contributorId":1233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giles","given":"Stuart","email":"sgiles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Granitto, Matthew 0000-0003-3445-4863 granitto@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3445-4863","contributorId":1224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granitto","given":"Matthew","email":"granitto@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eppinger, Robert G. eppinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eppinger","given":"Robert","email":"eppinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":97476,"text":"sir20095075 - 2009 - Streamflow Simulations and Percolation Estimates Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool for Selected Basins in North-Central Nebraska, 1940-2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:28","indexId":"sir20095075","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5075","title":"Streamflow Simulations and Percolation Estimates Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool for Selected Basins in North-Central Nebraska, 1940-2005","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Upper Elkhorn, Lower Elkhorn, Upper Loup, Lower Loup, Middle Niobrara, Lower Niobrara, Lewis and Clark, and Lower Platte North Natural Resources Districts, used the Soil and Water Assessment Tool to simulate streamflow and estimate percolation in north-central Nebraska to aid development of long-term strategies for management of hydrologically connected ground and surface water. Although groundwater models adequately simulate subsurface hydrologic processes, they often are not designed to simulate the hydrologically complex processes occurring at or near the land surface. The use of watershed models such as the Soil and Water Assessment Tool, which are designed specifically to simulate surface and near-subsurface processes, can provide helpful insight into the effects of surface-water hydrology on the groundwater system. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool was calibrated for five stream basins in the Elkhorn-Loup Groundwater Model study area in north-central Nebraska to obtain spatially variable estimates of percolation.\r\n\r\nSix watershed models were calibrated to recorded streamflow in each subbasin by modifying the adjustment parameters. The calibrated parameter sets were then used to simulate a validation period; the validation period was half of the total streamflow period of record with a minimum requirement of 10 years. If the statistical and water-balance results for the validation period were similar to those for the calibration period, a model was considered satisfactory. Statistical measures of each watershed model's performance were variable. These objective measures included the Nash-Sutcliffe measure of efficiency, the ratio of the root-mean-square error to the standard deviation of the measured data, and an estimate of bias. The model met performance criteria for the bias statistic, but failed to meet statistical adequacy criteria for the other two performance measures when evaluated at a monthly time step. A primary cause of the poor model validation results was the inability of the model to reproduce the sustained base flow and streamflow response to precipitation that was observed in the Sand Hills region.\r\n\r\nThe watershed models also were evaluated based on how well they conformed to the annual mass balance (precipitation equals the sum of evapotranspiration, streamflow/runoff, and deep percolation). The model was able to adequately simulate annual values of evapotranspiration, runoff, and precipitation in comparison to reported values, which indicates the model may provide reasonable estimates of annual percolation. Mean annual percolation estimated by the model as basin averages varied within the study area from a maximum of 12.9 inches in the Loup River Basin to a minimum of 1.5 inches in the Shell Creek Basin. Percolation also varied within the studied basins; basin headwaters tended to have greater percolation rates than downstream areas. This variance in percolation rates was mainly was because of the predominance of sandy, highly permeable soils in the upstream areas of the modeled basins.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095075","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Upper Elkhorn, Lower Elkhorn, Upper Loup, Lower Loup, Middle Niobrara, Lower Niobrara, Lewis and Clark, and Lower Platte North Natural Resources Districts","usgsCitation":"Strauch, K.R., and Linard, J.I., 2009, Streamflow Simulations and Percolation Estimates Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool for Selected Basins in North-Central Nebraska, 1940-2005: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5075, iv, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095075.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p.","temporalStart":"1940-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124575,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5075.jpg"},{"id":12621,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5075/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105,39.5 ], [ -105,43.25 ], [ -94.75,43.25 ], [ -94.75,39.5 ], [ -105,39.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b0682","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Strauch, Kellan R. 0000-0002-7218-2099 kstrauch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7218-2099","contributorId":1006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strauch","given":"Kellan","email":"kstrauch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Linard, Joshua I. jilinard@usgs.gov","contributorId":1465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linard","given":"Joshua","email":"jilinard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":97472,"text":"cir1335 - 2009 - Pinon and Juniper Field Guide: Asking the Right Questions to Select Appropriate Management Actions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:07","indexId":"cir1335","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1335","title":"Pinon and Juniper Field Guide: Asking the Right Questions to Select Appropriate Management Actions","docAbstract":"Pinon-juniper woodlands are an important vegetation type in the Great Basin. Old-growth and open shrub savanna woodlands have been present over much of the last several hundred years. Strong evidence indicates these woodlands have experienced significant tree infilling and major expansion in their distribution since the late 1800s by encroaching into surrounding landscapes once dominated by shrubs and herbaceous vegetation. Both infilling and expansion affects soil resources, plant community structure and composition, water and nutrient cycles, forage production, wildlife habitat, biodiversity, and fire patterns across the landscape. Another impact is the shift from historic fire regimes to larger and more intense wildfires that are increasingly determining the future of this landscape. This publication helps biologists and land managers consider how to look at expansion of woodlands and determine what questions to ask to develop a management strategy, including prescribed fire or other practices.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir1335","collaboration":"This is contribution number 02 of the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP), supported by funds from the U.S. Joint Fire Science Program. Partial support for this guide was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center.","usgsCitation":"Tausch, R., Miller, R., Roundy, B., and Chambers, J., 2009, Pinon and Juniper Field Guide: Asking the Right Questions to Select Appropriate Management Actions: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1335, 108 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1335.","productDescription":"108 p.","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":12616,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1335/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":198109,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db685735","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tausch, R.J.","contributorId":32642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tausch","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, R.F.","contributorId":83882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roundy, B.A.","contributorId":57565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roundy","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chambers, J.C.","contributorId":90005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chambers","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":97471,"text":"tm6A29 - 2009 - ModelMuse - A Graphical User Interface for MODFLOW-2005 and PHAST","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-09T15:25:31.411388","indexId":"tm6A29","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"6-A29","title":"ModelMuse - A Graphical User Interface for MODFLOW-2005 and PHAST","docAbstract":"ModelMuse is a graphical user interface (GUI) for the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) models MODFLOW-2005 and PHAST. This software package provides a GUI for creating the flow and transport input file for PHAST and the input files for MODFLOW-2005. In ModelMuse, the spatial data for the model is independent of the grid, and the temporal data is independent of the stress periods. Being able to input these data independently allows the user to redefine the spatial and temporal discretization at will. This report describes the basic concepts required to work with ModelMuse. These basic concepts include the model grid, data sets, formulas, objects, the method used to assign values to data sets, and model features. \r\n\r\nThe ModelMuse main window has a top, front, and side view of the model that can be used for editing the model, and a 3-D view of the model that can be used to display properties of the model. ModelMuse has tools to generate and edit the model grid. It also has a variety of interpolation methods and geographic functions that can be used to help define the spatial variability of the model. ModelMuse can be used to execute both MODFLOW-2005 and PHAST and can also display the results of MODFLOW-2005 models. An example of using ModelMuse with MODFLOW-2005 is included in this report. Several additional examples are described in the help system for ModelMuse, which can be accessed from the Help menu.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chapter 29 of Section A, Ground Water, Book 6, Modeling Techniques","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tm6A29","usgsCitation":"Winston, R.B., 2009, ModelMuse - A Graphical User Interface for MODFLOW-2005 and PHAST: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-A29, vii, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm6A29.","productDescription":"vii, 52 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-028230","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124847,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm_6_a29.gif"},{"id":12615,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm6A29/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db61104e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winston, Richard B. 0000-0002-6287-8834 rbwinst@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6287-8834","contributorId":3567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winston","given":"Richard","email":"rbwinst@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70148674,"text":"70148674 - 2009 - Defining optimal freshwater flow for oyster production: effects of freshet rate and magnitude of change and duration on eastern oysters and <i>Perkinsus marinus</i> infection","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-19T10:01:59","indexId":"70148674","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-01T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Defining optimal freshwater flow for oyster production: effects of freshet rate and magnitude of change and duration on eastern oysters and <i>Perkinsus marinus</i> infection","docAbstract":"<p>In coastal Louisiana, the development of large-scale freshwater diversion projects has led to controversy over their effects on oyster resources. Using controlled laboratory experiments in combination with a field study, we examined the effects of pulsed freshwater events (freshet) of different magnitude, duration, and rate of change on oyster resources. Laboratory and field evidence indicate that low salinity events (&lt;5 psu) decreased <i>Perkinsus marinus</i> infection intensities. Furthermore, when salinity was low (&lt;5 psu), parasite infection intensities continued to decrease even as temperatures exceeded 20&deg;C. At the same time, oyster growth was positively correlated with salinity. To maximize oyster production, data indicate that both low and high salinity events will be necessary.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Estuarine Research Federation","publisherLocation":"Port Republic, MD","doi":"10.1007/s12237-009-9149-9","collaboration":"National Sea Grant Gulf Oyster Industry Program LSU AgCenter","usgsCitation":"LaPeyre, M.K., Gossman, B., and La Peyre, J.F., 2009, Defining optimal freshwater flow for oyster production: effects of freshet rate and magnitude of change and duration on eastern oysters and <i>Perkinsus marinus</i> infection: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 32, no. 3, p. 522-534, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-009-9149-9.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"522","endPage":"534","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-007925","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301339,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-03-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55853d39e4b023124e8f5af9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LaPeyre, Megan K. 0000-0001-9936-2252 mlapeyre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9936-2252","contributorId":585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaPeyre","given":"Megan","email":"mlapeyre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gossman, B.","contributorId":47163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gossman","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"La Peyre, Jerome F.","contributorId":34697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"La Peyre","given":"Jerome","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70246276,"text":"70246276 - 2009 - Three-dimensional movement of silver-phase American eels in the forebay of a small hydroelectric facility","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-29T15:28:10.277739","indexId":"70246276","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-01T10:23:20","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Three-dimensional movement of silver-phase American eels in the forebay of a small hydroelectric facility","docAbstract":"<p><span>Declines in the population of the American eel,&nbsp;</span><i>Anguilla rostrata</i><span>, along the northwestern Atlantic have stimulated resource managers to consider the impact of hydroelectric facilities on silver-phase eels as they migrate downstream to the sea. During the fall of 2002, we investigated the movement of migrant eels passing downstream of a small hydroelectric facility on the Connecticut River (Massachusetts). We used three-dimensional acoustic telemetry to monitor fine-scale movement of telemetered silver eels in the forebay (the first 100 m of area directly upstream of the dam). Eel movements were tracked approximately every three seconds, and individual swimming pathways were reconstructed to compare the three-dimensional results with biotelemetry methods previously used at this site; conventional telemetry systems included radio, PIT, and acoustic telemetry. We found that three-dimensional acoustic telemetry provided the necessary fine-scale resolution to characterize dominant movement patterns and locations of passage. Eels were detected at all depths throughout the forebay; however, they spent the greatest proportion of their time near the bottom, with occasional vertical movements to the surface. Eels exhibited a range of movements interpreted to be downstream searching behavior, including altered vertical and horizontal positions at or near the trash racks and various looping movements directly upstream of the trash racks and throughout the entire forebay. A substantial number of these eels (28%) were detected re-entering the acoustic array on multiple dates before passing the station. The majority (89%) were detected passing downstream of the dam through the turbines.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Eels at the edge: Science, status, and conservation concerns","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.47886/9781888569964.ch19","usgsCitation":"Brown, L., Haro, A., and Castro-Santos, T.R., 2009, Three-dimensional movement of silver-phase American eels in the forebay of a small hydroelectric facility, chap. <i>of</i> Eels at the edge: Science, status, and conservation concerns, p. 277-291, https://doi.org/10.47886/9781888569964.ch19.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"277","endPage":"291","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":418626,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Casselman, John M.","contributorId":66646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casselman","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":876609,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cairns, David K.","contributorId":292427,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cairns","given":"David K.","affiliations":[{"id":13677,"text":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876610,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Leah","contributorId":315475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Leah","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":876606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haro, Alexander 0000-0002-7188-9172 aharo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-9172","contributorId":139198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haro","given":"Alexander","email":"aharo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":876607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Castro-Santos, Theodore R. 0000-0003-2575-9120 tcastrosantos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2575-9120","contributorId":3321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castro-Santos","given":"Theodore","email":"tcastrosantos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":876608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70230336,"text":"70230336 - 2009 - Balancing aquatic habitat fragmentation and control of invasive species: Enhancing selective fish passage at sea lamprey control barriers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-07T14:19:02.373637","indexId":"70230336","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-01T09:01:12","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Balancing aquatic habitat fragmentation and control of invasive species: Enhancing selective fish passage at sea lamprey control barriers","docAbstract":"<p><span>Barriers to prevent spawning migrations of sea lampreys&nbsp;</span><i>Petromyzon marinus</i><span>&nbsp;remain an important component of an integrated sea lamprey management program in the Laurentian Great Lakes. Concerns about effects on nontarget fishes have led to the construction of specially designed vertical-slot trap-and-sort fishways to mitigate potential barrier effects. To improve passage at these fishways, we used passive integrated transponder technology to assess the performance of two fishways located on low-head sea lamprey barriers. Fishways on the Big Carp River (which flows into Lake Superior) and Cobourg Brook (which flows into Lake Ontario) were assessed for attraction efficiency, trap attraction and retention, and passage efficiency. Based on the results of these assessments, fishways were modified by increasing the trap volume and altering the funnel characteristics to reduce escapement from the trap and then reassessed. Attraction efficiency for all tagged fish was high (≥80%) at both sites in all years. Fishway modifications improved passage from 35% in 2003 to 88% and 64% in 2004 and 2005, respectively, at the Big Carp River. As expected, white suckers&nbsp;</span><i>Catostomus commersonii</i><span>, an obligate migrant, had higher attraction and passage efficiency, fewer passage attempts, and shorter migration delay than did rock bass&nbsp;</span><i>Ambloplites rupestris</i><span>, a facultative migrant. No improvements were seen at Cobourg Brook, where passage efficiency remained low (7% in 2003, 10% in 2005), probably because of the loss of attraction flow. At both fishways, individual fish averaged 3-10 attempts to pass through the fishways and had their migrations delayed 1-2 weeks. The observed improvements to the Big Carp River fishway, which resulted in high fishway attraction and passage rates for white suckers, suggest that vertical-slot fishways can help mitigate the effects of low-head barriers for some species. Our study provides a rigorous quantifiable approach to assessing fishway performance that can be employed widely and successfully to assess initial fishway design and subsequent modifications.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/T08-118.1","usgsCitation":"Pratt, T., O’Connor, L.M., Hallett, A.G., McLaughlin, R.L., Katopodis, C., Haynes, D.B., and Bergstedt, R.A., 2009, Balancing aquatic habitat fragmentation and control of invasive species: Enhancing selective fish passage at sea lamprey control barriers: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 138, no. 3, p. 652-665, https://doi.org/10.1577/T08-118.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"652","endPage":"665","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":398311,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","otherGeospatial":"Big Carp River, Cobourg Brook","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -78.27621459960938,\n              43.94660834456711\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.0582046508789,\n              43.94660834456711\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.0582046508789,\n              44.014052323063545\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.27621459960938,\n              44.014052323063545\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.27621459960938,\n              43.94660834456711\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84.46452140808105,\n              46.5002829039397\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.44108963012695,\n              46.5002829039397\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.44108963012695,\n              46.51493317632542\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.46452140808105,\n              46.51493317632542\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.46452140808105,\n              46.5002829039397\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"138","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pratt, Thomas C.","contributorId":24672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"Thomas C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":840015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Connor, L. M.","contributorId":289903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Connor","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":840016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hallett, A. G.","contributorId":289904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hallett","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":840017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McLaughlin, R. L.","contributorId":75736,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":840018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Katopodis, C.","contributorId":49741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katopodis","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":840019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Haynes, D. B.","contributorId":289905,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haynes","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":840020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bergstedt, Roger A. rbergstedt@usgs.gov","contributorId":4174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergstedt","given":"Roger","email":"rbergstedt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":840021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70209189,"text":"70209189 - 2009 - Seismic-wave strain, rotation, and gradiometry for the 4 March 2008 TAIGER explosions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-23T08:56:27","indexId":"70209189","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-01T08:50:56","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic-wave strain, rotation, and gradiometry for the 4 March 2008 TAIGER explosions","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section-wrapper \"><p>Acceleration spatial gradients, horizontal strains, and horizontal rotation were computed using strong-motion array data from the 4 March 2008 TAIGER explosions in northeastern Taiwan and used in conjunction with the original three component acceleration data to perform a gradiometric analysis of the strong ground motion wave train. The analysis yields a complex, frequency-dependent view of the nature of seismic-wave propagation over short propagation distances that imply significant lateral velocity changes in structure. Areal strain and rotation about the vertical axis have equal amplitudes and suggest significant wave scattering within the confines of the river valley where the experiment was performed and/or significant departure from an axisymmetric explosion source. Gradiometry shows that the<span>&nbsp;</span><i>P</i><span>&nbsp;</span>wave arrives at the array 35° off-azimuth clockwise from the straight-line path and appears to have been refracted from the northern side of the valley. Large, slowly propagating secondary surface waves initially arrive 45° counterclockwise from the straight-line path but later arrivals are seen to propagate in all directions, including back toward the explosion source. A frequency-dependent radiation pattern for the triple-borehole explosion in comparison to the single-borehole explosion explains the differences in the maximum amplitudes between the sources seen in the acceleration data. The use of seismic strain and rotation with standard particle motion wave fields at a single location allows for a direct view of seismic-wave propagation that illuminates the true nature of the seismogram.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120080200","usgsCitation":"Langston, C.A., Lee, W., Lin, C., and Liu, C., 2009, Seismic-wave strain, rotation, and gradiometry for the 4 March 2008 TAIGER explosions: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 99, no. 2B, p. 1287-1301, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120080200.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1287","endPage":"1301","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":373434,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Taiwan","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[121.77782,24.39427],[121.17563,22.79086],[120.74708,21.97057],[120.22008,22.81486],[120.10619,23.55626],[120.69468,24.53845],[121.49504,25.29546],[121.95124,24.9976],[121.77782,24.39427]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Taiwan\"}}]}","volume":"99","issue":"2B","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langston, Charles A.","contributorId":52581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langston","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, W.H.K.","contributorId":35303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"W.H.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lin, C.J.","contributorId":99385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liu, C.-C.","contributorId":89662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"C.-C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70209187,"text":"70209187 - 2009 - Observing rotational and translational ground motions at the HGSD station in Taiwan from 2007 to 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-23T08:28:18","indexId":"70209187","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-01T08:25:42","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observing rotational and translational ground motions at the HGSD station in Taiwan from 2007 to 2008","docAbstract":"<p>Because of a lack of suitable instruments, rotational ground motions have not been observed until the last decade. Rotational measurements in the near field of earthquakes in Japan (<a class=\"link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr\" data-open=\"rf14\">Takeo, 1998</a>) indicate that rotational ground motions are many times larger than expected from the classical elasticity theory. After failing to obtain useful rotational ground motions (using similar rotational sensors as Takeo did), we deployed a far more sensitive rotational velocity sensor (R-1) at the HGSD station in eastern Taiwan. From 7 December 2004 to 12 November 2006, several hundreds of earthquakes were recorded during our Phase 1 operation. This was mostly a learning exercise to solve field operation problems; Phase 1 operations ended when our two R-1 sensors ceased to operate. A K2+R1 instrument was deployed in the spring of 2007 to start our Phase 2 operation. From 8 May 2007 to 17 February 2008, we observed 52 local earthquakes with good rotational velocity signals (with signal-to-noise ratio &gt;∼5), together with excellent translational acceleration signals (with signal-to-noise ratio &gt;∼10). Unfortunately, field operation was interrupted due to flooding of the HGSD station site in mid-February 2008; we just resumed normal operation in June 2008.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120080156","usgsCitation":"Liu, C., Huang, B.S., Lee, W., and Lin, C., 2009, Observing rotational and translational ground motions at the HGSD station in Taiwan from 2007 to 2008: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 99, no. 2B, p. 1228-1236, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120080156.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1228","endPage":"1236","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":373432,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Taiwan","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[121.77782,24.39427],[121.17563,22.79086],[120.74708,21.97057],[120.22008,22.81486],[120.10619,23.55626],[120.69468,24.53845],[121.49504,25.29546],[121.95124,24.9976],[121.77782,24.39427]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Taiwan\"}}]}","volume":"99","issue":"2B","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, Chun-Chi","contributorId":75240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Chun-Chi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huang, B. S.","contributorId":198562,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lee, W.H.K.","contributorId":35303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"W.H.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lin, Chin-Jen","contributorId":199136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lin","given":"Chin-Jen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70209214,"text":"70209214 - 2009 - Suggested readings in continuum mechanics and earthquake seismology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-24T08:20:55","indexId":"70209214","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-01T08:17:57","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Suggested readings in continuum mechanics and earthquake seismology","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section-wrapper \"><p>Rotational seismology is a newly emerging field of interest to scientists from widely differing disciplines. We compile here some suggested readings for those wishing to become familiar with disciplines relevant to rotational seismology and its engineering applications. These readings are not exhaustive but contain a number of basic references with occasional annotations. We concentrate on two areas: continuum mechanics and earthquake seismology. Continuum mechanics is the branch of mechanics that deals with the deformation and motion of materials, including various elasticity theories. Although classical elasticity works well for studying earthquakes in the far field, there are alternate elasticity theories that may be more appropriate for studying earthquakes in the near field. The readings in continuum mechanics are intended for seismologists and include (1)&nbsp;fundamental textbooks, (2)&nbsp;intermediate to advanced books, (3)&nbsp;heteromodular theories, and (4)&nbsp;Cosserat theory. A brief introduction to continuum mechanics for seismologists is included as an appendix. In addition, because we wish to attract workers in other disciplines to rotational seismology, we include a short list of suggested readings in earthquake seismology.</p></div><div class=\"article-metadata-panel clearfix rs_skip\"><div class=\"article-metadata-taxonomies\"><div class=\"article-metadata\"><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120080343","usgsCitation":"Grekova, E.F., and Lee, W., 2009, Suggested readings in continuum mechanics and earthquake seismology: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 99, no. 2B, p. 1076-1081, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120080343.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1076","endPage":"1081","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476082,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://idus.us.es/handle/11441/62476","text":"External Repository"},{"id":373470,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"99","issue":"2B","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grekova, E. F.","contributorId":223547,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grekova","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, W.H.K.","contributorId":35303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"W.H.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70209186,"text":"70209186 - 2009 - Array deployment to observe rotational and translational ground motions along the Meishan Fault, Taiwan: A progress report ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-23T08:20:49","indexId":"70209186","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-01T08:12:40","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Array deployment to observe rotational and translational ground motions along the Meishan Fault, Taiwan: A progress report ","docAbstract":"<p>Measurements in the near field of earthquakes in Japan (<a class=\"link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr\" data-open=\"rf12\">Takeo, 1998</a>) and in Taiwan (<a class=\"link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr\" data-open=\"rf3\">Huang<span>&nbsp;</span><i>et&nbsp;al.</i>, 2006</a>;<span>&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-ref link-reveal xref-bibr\" data-open=\"rf7\">Liu<span>&nbsp;</span><i>et&nbsp;al.</i>, 2009</a>) indicate that rotational ground motions are many times larger than expected from the classical elasticity theory. The Central Weather Bureau (CWB) deployed four instrumentation sets on the campus of the National Chung-Cheng University, Chia-yi, Taiwan, in order to study in detail earthquakes in the near field for both seismology and earthquake engineering. Both rotational and translational ground motions are being monitored along the active Meishan fault, where a major earthquake occurred in 1906, more than a century ago. The deployed instruments are: (1)&nbsp;a 32-element seismic array in the free field, (2)&nbsp;a 32-element seismic array in a building, (3)&nbsp;a six-channel unit with a broadband seismometer and an accelerometer, and (4)&nbsp;a six-channel unit with an accelerometer and an external rotational velocity sensor.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120080185","usgsCitation":"Wu, C., Lee, W., and Huang, H., 2009, Array deployment to observe rotational and translational ground motions along the Meishan Fault, Taiwan: A progress report : Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 99, no. 2B, p. 1468-1474, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120080185.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1468","endPage":"1474","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":373431,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Taiwan ","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[121.77782,24.39427],[121.17563,22.79086],[120.74708,21.97057],[120.22008,22.81486],[120.10619,23.55626],[120.69468,24.53845],[121.49504,25.29546],[121.95124,24.9976],[121.77782,24.39427]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Taiwan\"}}]}","volume":"99","issue":"2B","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wu, Chien-Fu","contributorId":62302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"Chien-Fu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, W.H.K.","contributorId":35303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"W.H.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huang, Huey-Chu","contributorId":223516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"Huey-Chu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70209212,"text":"70209212 - 2009 - Recent advances in rotational seismology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-24T08:01:56","indexId":"70209212","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-01T07:59:05","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent advances in rotational seismology","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section-wrapper \"><p>Rotational seismology is an emerging field of study concerned with all aspects of rotational motions induced by earthquakes, explosions, and ambient vibrations. Two recent monographs (Teisseyre<span>&nbsp;</span><i>et al.</i><span>&nbsp;</span>2006; Teisseyre<span>&nbsp;</span><i>et al.</i><span>&nbsp;</span>2008) and a<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America</i><span>&nbsp;</span>special issue on Rotational Seismology and Engineering Applications (Lee, Celebi<span>&nbsp;</span><i>et al.</i><span>&nbsp;</span>2009) are useful starting points. Rotational seismology is of interest to a wide range of disciplines, including various branches of seismology, earthquake engineering, and geodesy, as well as to physicists using Earth-based observatories for detecting gravitational waves generated by astronomical sources.&nbsp;</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.80.3.479","usgsCitation":"Lee, W., Igel, H., and Trifunac, M., 2009, Recent advances in rotational seismology: Seismological Research Letters, v. 80, no. 3, p. 479-490, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.80.3.479.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"479","endPage":"490","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":373466,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, W.H.K.","contributorId":35303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"W.H.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Igel, Heiner","contributorId":47244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Igel","given":"Heiner","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trifunac, Mihailo","contributorId":79976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trifunac","given":"Mihailo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":97470,"text":"sir20095088 - 2009 - Iodine-129 in the Snake River Plain Aquifer at and Near the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2003 and 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:31","indexId":"sir20095088","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5088","title":"Iodine-129 in the Snake River Plain Aquifer at and Near the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2003 and 2007","docAbstract":"From 1953 to 1988, wastewater containing approximately 0.94 curies of iodine-129 (129I) was generated at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) in southeastern Idaho. Almost all of this wastewater was discharged at or near the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center (INTEC) on the INL site. Most of the wastewater was discharged directly into the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer through a deep disposal well until 1984; however, some wastewater also was discharged into unlined infiltration ponds or leaked from distribution systems below the INTEC.\r\n\r\nIn 2003, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, collected samples for 129I from 36 wells used to monitor the Snake River Plain aquifer, and from one well used to monitor a perched zone at the INTEC. Concentrations of 129I in the aquifer ranged from 0.0000066 +- 0.0000002 to 0.72 +- 0.051 picocuries per liter (pCi/L). Many wells within a 3-mile radius of the INTEC showed decreases of as much as one order of magnitude in concentration from samples collected during 1990-91, and all of the samples had concentrations less than the Environmental Protection Agency's Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of 1 pCi/L. The average concentration of 129I in 19 wells sampled during both collection periods decreased from 0.975 pCi/L in 1990-91 to 0.249 pCi/L in 2003. These decreases are attributed to the discontinuation of disposal of 129I in wastewater after 1988 and to dilution and dispersion in the aquifer.\r\n\r\nAlthough water from wells sampled in 2003 near the INTEC showed decreases in concentrations of 129I compared with data collected in 1990-91, some wells south and east of the Central Facilities Area, near the site boundary, and south of the INL showed slight increases. These slight increases may be related to variable discharge rates of wastewater that eventually moved to these well locations as a mass of water from a particular disposal period.\r\n\r\nIn 2007, the USGS collected samples for 129I from 36 wells that are used to monitor the aquifer south of INTEC and from 2 wells that are used to monitor perched zones at INTEC. Concentrations of 129I in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer ranged from 0.000026 +- 0.000002 to 1.16 +- 0.04 pCi/L, and the concentration at one well exceeded the maximum contaminant level (1 pCi/L) for public drinking water supplies. The average concentration of 19 wells sampled in 2003 and 2007 did not differ; however, slight increases and decreases of concentrations in several areas around the INTEC were evident in the aquifer. The decreases are attributed to the discontinued disposal and to dilution and dispersion in the aquifer. The increases may be due to the movement into the aquifer of remnant perched water below the INTEC. \r\n\r\nIn 2007, the USGS also collected samples from 31 zones in 6 wells equipped with multi-level WestbayTM packer sampling systems to help define the vertical distribution of 129I in the aquifer. Concentrations ranged from 0.000011 +- 0.0000005 to 0.0167 +- 0.0007 pCi/L. For three wells, concentrations of 129I between zones varied one to two orders of magnitude. For two wells, concentrations varied for one zone by more than an order of magnitude from the wells' other zones. Similar concentrations were measured from all five zones sampled in one well. All of the 31 zones had concentrations two or more magnitudes below the maximum contaminant level.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095088","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Department of Energy DOE/ID-22208","usgsCitation":"Bartholomay, R.C., 2009, Iodine-129 in the Snake River Plain Aquifer at and Near the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2003 and 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5088, vi, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095088.","productDescription":"vi, 29 p.","temporalStart":"2003-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197906,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12614,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5088/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.75,43.25 ], [ -113.75,44.25 ], [ -112.16666666666667,44.25 ], [ -112.16666666666667,43.25 ], [ -113.75,43.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db6671e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartholomay, Roy C. 0000-0002-4809-9287 rcbarth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-9287","contributorId":1131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomay","given":"Roy","email":"rcbarth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":97469,"text":"fs20093018 - 2009 - Bear Spray Safety Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-19T08:43:45","indexId":"fs20093018","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-3018","displayTitle":"Bear Spray Safety Program","title":"Bear Spray Safety Program","docAbstract":"<p>A bear spray safety program for the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) was officially initiated by the Firearms Safety Committee to address accident prevention and to promote personnel training in bear spray and its transportation, storage, and use for defense against wild animals. Used as part of a system including firearms, or used alone for those who choose not to carry a firearm, bear spray is recognized as an effective tool that can prevent injury in a wild animal attack.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20093018","usgsCitation":"Blome, C., and Kuzniar, R., 2009, Bear Spray Safety Program: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2009-3018, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20093018.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121997,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2009_3018.jpg"},{"id":12613,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3018/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":320943,"rank":101,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3018/pdf/FS09-3018.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640a43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blome, C.D.","contributorId":60647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blome","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kuzniar, R.L.","contributorId":44558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuzniar","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":97468,"text":"sir20095054 - 2009 - Land Cover Trends in the Southern Florida Coastal Plain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:10","indexId":"sir20095054","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5054","title":"Land Cover Trends in the Southern Florida Coastal Plain","docAbstract":"This report presents an assessment of land use and land cover change in the Southern Florida Coastal Plain ecoregion for the period from 1973 to 2000. The ecoregion is one of 84 level III ecoregions defined by the Environmental Protection Agency; ecoregions have been designed to serve as a spatial framework for environmental resource management and denote areas that contain a geographically distinct assemblage of biotic and abiotic phenomena, including geology, physiography, vegetation, climate, soils, land use, wildlife, and hydrology.\r\n\r\nThe Southern Florida Coastal Plain ecoregion covers an area of approximately 22,407 square kilometers [8,651 square miles] across the lower portion of the Florida peninsula, from Lake Okeechobee southward through the Florida Keys. It comprises flat plains with wet soils, marshland and swamp land cover with Everglades and palmetto prairie vegetation types.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095054","usgsCitation":"Kambly, S., and Moreland, T.R., 2009, Land Cover Trends in the Southern Florida Coastal Plain: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5054, iv, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095054.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p.","temporalStart":"1973-01-01","temporalEnd":"2000-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195860,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12611,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5054/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aee85","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kambly, Steven skambly@usgs.gov","contributorId":2228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kambly","given":"Steven","email":"skambly@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moreland, Thomas R.","contributorId":54693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moreland","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":97467,"text":"ofr20091064 - 2009 - Drilling and testing the DOI-04-1A coalbed methane well, Fort Yukon, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-08T21:22:19.075332","indexId":"ofr20091064","displayToPublicDate":"2009-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1064","title":"Drilling and testing the DOI-04-1A coalbed methane well, Fort Yukon, Alaska","docAbstract":"The need for affordable energy sources is acute in rural communities of Alaska where costly diesel fuel must be delivered by barge or plane for power generation. Additionally, the transport, transfer, and storage of fuel pose great difficulty in these regions. Although small-scale energy development in remote Arctic locations presents unique challenges, identifying and developing economic, local sources of energy remains a high priority for state and local government.\r\n\r\nMany areas in rural Alaska contain widespread coal resources that may contain significant amounts of coalbed methane (CBM) that, when extracted, could be used for power generation. However, in many of these areas, little is known concerning the properties that control CBM occurrence and production, including coal bed geometry, coalbed gas content and saturation, reservoir permeability and pressure, and water chemistry. Therefore, drilling and testing to collect these data are required to accurately assess the viability of CBM as a potential energy source in most locations. \r\n\r\nIn 2004, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and Bureau of Land Management (BLM), in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), the Alaska Department of Geological and Geophysical Surveys (DGGS), the University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF), the Doyon Native Corporation, and the village of Fort Yukon, organized and funded the drilling of a well at Fort Yukon, Alaska to test coal beds for CBM developmental potential. Fort Yukon is a town of about 600 people and is composed mostly of Gwich'in Athabascan Native Americans. It is located near the center of the Yukon Flats Basin, approximately 145 mi northeast of Fairbanks.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091064","usgsCitation":"Clark, A., Barker, C., and Weeks, E.P., 2009, Drilling and testing the DOI-04-1A coalbed methane well, Fort Yukon, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1064, iv, 69 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091064.","productDescription":"iv, 69 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195209,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12610,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1064/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":388975,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_86612.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Fort Yukon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -145.2,\n              66.5639\n            ],\n            [\n              -145.2139,\n              66.5639\n            ],\n            [\n              -145.2139,\n              66.5528\n            ],\n            [\n              -145.2,\n              66.5528\n            ],\n            [\n              -145.2,\n              66.5639\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db6352c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Arthur","contributorId":26034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Arthur","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barker, Charles E.","contributorId":93070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barker","given":"Charles E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weeks, Edwin P. epweeks@usgs.gov","contributorId":2576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weeks","given":"Edwin","email":"epweeks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":302226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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