{"pageNumber":"2025","pageRowStart":"50600","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184717,"records":[{"id":97443,"text":"sim3075 - 2009 - Status of Ground-Water Levels and Storage Volume in the Equus Beds Aquifer Near Wichita, Kansas, July 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:27","indexId":"sim3075","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3075","title":"Status of Ground-Water Levels and Storage Volume in the Equus Beds Aquifer Near Wichita, Kansas, July 2008","docAbstract":"The Equus Beds aquifer in southwestern Harvey County and northwestern Sedgwick County was developed to supply water to the city of Wichita and for irrigation in south-central Kansas. Water-level and storage-volume decreases that began with the development of the aquifer in the 1940s reached record to near-record lows in January 1993. Since 1993, the aquifer has been experiencing higher water levels and a partial recovery of storage volume previously lost during August 1940 to January 1993. Measured water-level changes for August 1940 to July 2008 ranged from a decline of 23.41 feet to a rise of 3.58 feet. The change in storage volume in the study area from August 1940 to July 2008 was a decrease of about 134,000 acre-feet. This represents a recovery of about 121,000 acre-feet, or about 47 percent of the storage volume previously lost between August 1940 and January 1993. The change in storage volume from August 1940 to July 2008 in the central part of the study area, where city pumpage occurs, was a decrease of about 71,200 acre-feet. This represents a recovery of about 82,800 acre-feet, or about 54 percent of the storage volume previously lost between August 1940 and January 1993 in the central part of the study area. The recovery in the central part of the study area probably was greater and more consistently maintained than in the study area as a whole because city pumpage has remained less than pre-1993 levels, whereas agricultural irrigation pumpage has been as much or more than pre-1993 levels in some years.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sim3075","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Wichita, Kansas","usgsCitation":"Hansen, C.V., 2009, Status of Ground-Water Levels and Storage Volume in the Equus Beds Aquifer Near Wichita, Kansas, July 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3075, Map Sheet: 28 x 26.5 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3075.","productDescription":"Map Sheet: 28 x 26.5 inches","temporalStart":"2008-07-01","temporalEnd":"2008-07-31","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110812,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_86520.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"86520"},{"id":195104,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12580,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3075/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98,37.5 ], [ -98,38.25 ], [ -97,38.25 ], [ -97,37.5 ], [ -98,37.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dbe4b07f02db5e09c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, Cristi V. chansen@usgs.gov","contributorId":435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Cristi","email":"chansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":302139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":97436,"text":"ofr20091054 - 2009 - Nutrients, Dissolved Organic Carbon, Color, and Disinfection Byproducts in Base Flow and Stormflow in Streams of the Croton Watershed, Westchester and Putnam Counties, New York, 2000-02","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:28","indexId":"ofr20091054","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1054","title":"Nutrients, Dissolved Organic Carbon, Color, and Disinfection Byproducts in Base Flow and Stormflow in Streams of the Croton Watershed, Westchester and Putnam Counties, New York, 2000-02","docAbstract":"The Croton Watershed is unique among New York City's water-supply watersheds because it has the highest percentages of suburban development (52 percent) and wetland area (6 percent). As the City moves toward filtration of this water supply, there is a need to document water-quality contributions from both human and natural sources within the watershed that can inform watershed-management decisions.\r\n\r\nStreamwater samples from 24 small (0.1 to 1.5 mi2) subbasins and three wastewater-treatment plants (2000-02) were used to document the seasonal concentrations, values, and formation potentials of selected nutrients, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), color, and disinfection byproducts (DBPs) during stormflow and base-flow conditions. The subbasins were categorized by three types of drainage efficiency and a range of land uses and housing densities.\r\n\r\nAnalyte concentrations in subbasin streams differed in response to the subbasin charateristics. Nutrient concentrations were lowest in undeveloped, forested subbasins that were well drained and increased with all types of development, which included residential, urban commercial/industrial, golf-course, and horse-farm land uses. These concentrations were further modified by subbasin drainage efficiency. DOC, in contrast, was highly dependent on drainage efficiency. Color intensity and DBP formation potentials were, in turn, associated with DOC and thus showed a similar response to drainage efficiency. Every constituent exhibited seasonal changes in concentration.\r\n\r\nNutrients. Total (unfiltered) phosphorus (TP), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), and nitrate were associated primarily with residential development, urban, golf-course, and horse-farm land uses. Base-flow and stormflow concentrations of the TP, SRP, and nitrate generally increased with increasing housing density. TP and SRP concentrations were nearly an order of magnitude higher in stormflow than in base flow, whereas nitrate concentrations showed little difference between these flow conditions. Organic nitrogen concentrations (calculated as the difference between concentrations of total dissolved N and of all other N species) was the dominant form of nitrogen in undeveloped and moderately to poorly drained subbasins.\r\n\r\nHigh TP concentrations in stormflows (800-1,750 ug/L) were associated with well drained and moderately drained residential subbasins with high- and medium-density housing and with the moderately drained golf-course subbasin. Areas with medium to high housing densities favor TP transport because they provide extensive impervious surfaces, storm sewers, and local relief, which together can rapidly route stormwater to streams. SRP concentrations were highest in the same types of subbasins as TP, but also in sewered residential and horse-farm subbasins. The ratio of SRP to TP was typically a smaller in stormflow than in base flow. Base-flow TP and SRP concentrations were highest during the warm-weather months (May to October). The highest nitrate concentrations (3.0-4.5 mg/L) were associated with the urban subbasin and the three well drained, high-density residential subbasins. The two moderately drained lake subbasins and the two poorly drained (colored-water wetland) subbasins had consistently low nitrate concentrations despite low and medium housing densities. Nitrate concentrations were generally highest during the winter months and lowest during the autumn leaf-fall period. Organic N concentrations were highest during the leaf-fall period.\r\n\r\nDissolved Organic Carbon. DOC concentration was consistently highest in the two poorly drained (colored-water-wetland) subbasins and lowest in the well drained subbasins. Base-flow DOC concentration increased with decreasing drainage efficiency, except in the well drained sewered subbasin with high-density housing, where slightly elevated DOC concentrations throughout the year may indicate leakage from a nearby sewer main. Seasonal changes in stormflow DOC concentrat","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091054","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State University of New York Research Foundation for the New York City Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Heisig, P.M., 2009, Nutrients, Dissolved Organic Carbon, Color, and Disinfection Byproducts in Base Flow and Stormflow in Streams of the Croton Watershed, Westchester and Putnam Counties, New York, 2000-02: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1054, xx, 107 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091054.","productDescription":"xx, 107 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195058,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12573,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1054/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -74,41.083333333333336 ], [ -74,41.666666666666664 ], [ -73.41666666666667,41.666666666666664 ], [ -73.41666666666667,41.083333333333336 ], [ -74,41.083333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db6966d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heisig, Paul M. 0000-0003-0338-4970 pmheisig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0338-4970","contributorId":793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heisig","given":"Paul","email":"pmheisig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":97432,"text":"tm2A8 - 2009 - Forest Vegetation Monitoring Protocol for National Parks in the North Coast and Cascades Network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:04","indexId":"tm2A8","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2-A8","title":"Forest Vegetation Monitoring Protocol for National Parks in the North Coast and Cascades Network","docAbstract":"Plant communities are the foundation for terrestrial trophic webs and animal habitat, and their structure and species composition are an integrated result of biological and physical drivers (Gates, 1993). Additionally, they have a major role in geologic, geomorphologic and soil development processes (Jenny, 1941; Stevens and Walker, 1970). Throughout most of the Pacific Northwest, environmental conditions support coniferous forests as the dominant vegetation type. In the face of anthropogenic climate change, forests have a global role as potential sinks for atmospheric carbon (Goodale and others, 2002). Consequently, knowledge of the status of forests in the three large parks of the NCCN [that is, Mount Rainier (MORA), North Cascades (NOCA), and Olympic (OLYM) National Parks] is fundamental to understanding the condition of Pacific Northwest ecosystems. Diverse climate and soil properties across the Pacific Northwest result in a variety of forest types (Franklin and Dyrness, 1973; Franklin and others, 1988; Henderson and others, 1989, 1992). The mountainous terrain of Mount Rainier, North Cascades, and Olympic National Parks create steep elevational and precipitation gradients within and among the parks: collectively, these parks span from sea level to more than 4,200 m; and include areas with precipitation from 90 to more than 500 cm. The resulting forests range from coastal rainforests with dense understories and massive trees draped with epiphytes; to areas with drought-adapted Ponderosa pines; to high-elevation subalpine fir forests interspersed with meadows just below treeline (table 1). These forests, in turn, are the foundation for other biotic communities constituting Pacific Northwest ecosystems.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chapter 8 of Section A, Biological Science; Book 2, Collection of Environmental Data","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tm2A8","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the North Coast and Cascades Network, National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Woodward, A., Hutten, K.M., Boetsch, J.R., Acker, S.A., Rochefort, R.M., Bivin, M.M., and Kurth, L.L., 2009, Forest Vegetation Monitoring Protocol for National Parks in the North Coast and Cascades Network (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 2-A8, vi, 229 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm2A8.","productDescription":"vi, 229 p.","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124849,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm_2_a8.gif"},{"id":12569,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm2a8/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae4e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodward, Andrea 0000-0003-0604-9115 awoodward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0604-9115","contributorId":3028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"Andrea","email":"awoodward@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hutten, Karen M.","contributorId":98839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutten","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boetsch, John R.","contributorId":36236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boetsch","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Acker, Steven A.","contributorId":75248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Acker","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rochefort, Regina M.","contributorId":91459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rochefort","given":"Regina","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bivin, Mignonne M.","contributorId":95978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bivin","given":"Mignonne","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kurth, Laurie L.","contributorId":47050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurth","given":"Laurie","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":97438,"text":"sir20095069 - 2009 - Evaluation of Sources of Nitrate Beneath Food Processing Wastewater-Application Sites near Umatilla, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:30","indexId":"sir20095069","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5069","title":"Evaluation of Sources of Nitrate Beneath Food Processing Wastewater-Application Sites near Umatilla, Oregon","docAbstract":"Water samples from wells were collected beneath and downgradient of two food-processing wastewater-application sites near Umatilla, Oregon. These samples were analyzed for nitrate stable isotopes, nutrients, major ions, and age-dating constituents to determine if nitrate-stable isotopes can be used to differentiate food-processing waste from other potential sources of nitrate. Major-ion data from each site were used to determine which samples were associated with the recharge of the food-processing wastewater. End-member mixing analysis was used to determine the relative amounts of each identified end member within the samples collected from the Terrace Farm site. The delta nitrogen-15 (delta 15N) of nitrate generally ranged between +2 and +9 parts per thousand and the delta oxygen-18 (delta 18O) of nitrate generally ranged between -2 and -7 parts per thousand. None of the samples that were determined to be associated with the wastewater were different from the samples that were not affected by the wastewater. The nitrate isotope values measured in this study are also characteristic of ammonium fertilizer, animal and human waste, and soil nitrate; therefore, it was not possible to differentiate between food-processing wastewater and the other nitrate sources. Values of delta 15N and delta 18O of nitrate provided no more information about the sources of nitrate in the Umatilla River basin than did a hydrologic and geochemical understanding of the ground-water system derived from interpreting water-level and major-ion chemistry data.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095069","usgsCitation":"Frans, L., Paulson, A., Richerson, P., Striz, E., and Black, C., 2009, Evaluation of Sources of Nitrate Beneath Food Processing Wastewater-Application Sites near Umatilla, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5069, vi, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095069.","productDescription":"vi, 15 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198056,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12575,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5069/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d5e4b07f02db5dd866","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frans, Lonna","contributorId":79577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frans","given":"Lonna","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paulson, Anthony","contributorId":48660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paulson","given":"Anthony","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richerson, Phil","contributorId":45027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richerson","given":"Phil","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Striz, Elise","contributorId":16948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striz","given":"Elise","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Black, Curt","contributorId":8581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Black","given":"Curt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":97442,"text":"sir20095058 - 2009 - Hydrodynamic simulations of physical aquatic habitat availability for Pallid Sturgeon in the Lower Missouri River, at Yankton, South Dakota, Kenslers Bend, Nebraska, Little Sioux, Iowa, and Miami, Missouri, 2006-07","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-24T14:38:54","indexId":"sir20095058","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5058","title":"Hydrodynamic simulations of physical aquatic habitat availability for Pallid Sturgeon in the Lower Missouri River, at Yankton, South Dakota, Kenslers Bend, Nebraska, Little Sioux, Iowa, and Miami, Missouri, 2006-07","docAbstract":"<p>The objective of this study was to assess the sensitivity of habitat availability in the Lower Missouri River to discharge variation, with emphasis on habitats that might support spawning of the endangered pallid sturgeon. We constructed computational hydrodynamic models for four reaches that were selected because of evidence that sturgeon have spawned in them. The reaches are located at Miami, Missouri (river mile 259.6–263.5), Little Sioux, Iowa (river mile 669.6–673.5), Kenslers Bend, Nebraska (river mile 743.9–748.1), and Yankton, South Dakota reach (river mile 804.8–808.4). The models were calibrated for a range of measured flow conditions, and run for a range of discharges that might be affected by flow modifications from Gavins Point Dam. Model performance was assessed by comparing modeled and measured water velocities.</p><p>A selection of derived habitat units was assessed for sensitivity to hydraulic input parameters (drag coefficient and lateral eddy viscosity). Overall, model results were minimally sensitive to varying eddy viscosity; varying lateral eddy viscosity by 20 percent resulted in maximum change in habitat units of 5.4 percent. Shallow-water habitat units were most sensitive to variation in drag coefficient with 42 percent change in unit area resulting from 20 percent change in the parameter value; however, no habitat unit value changed more than 10 percent for a 10 percent variation in drag coefficient. Sensitivity analysis provides guidance for selecting habitat metrics that maximize information content while minimizing model uncertainties.</p><p>To assess model sensitivities arising from topographic variation from sediment transport on an annual time scale, we constructed separate models from two complete independent surveys in 2006 and 2007. The net topographic change was minimal at each site; the ratio of net topographic change to water volume in the reaches at 95 percent exceedance flow was less than 5 percent, indicating that on a reach-average basis, annual topographic change contributed little to habitat area variation. Net erosion occurred at Yankton (the upstream reach) and because erosion was distributed uniformly, there was little affect on many habitat metrics. Topographic change was spatially nonuniform at Little Sioux and Kenslers Bend reaches. Shallow water habitat units and some reach-scale patch statistics (edge density, patch density, and Simpson’s Diversity Index) were affected by these changes. Erosion dominated at the downstream reach but habitat metrics did not vary substantially from 2006 to 2007.</p><p>Among habitat metrics that were explored, zones of convergent flow were identified as areas that most closely correspond to spawning habitats of other sturgeon species, as identified in the scientific literature, and that are consistent with sparse data on pallid sturgeon spawning locations in the Lower Missouri River. Areas of convergent zone habitat varied little with discharges that would be associated with spring pulsed flows, and relations with discharge changed negligibly between 2006 and 2007.</p><p>Other habitat measures show how physical habitat varies with discharge and among the four reaches. Wake habitats defined by velocity gradients seem to correspond with migration pathways of adult pallid sturgeon. Habitats with low Froude-number correspond to low energy areas that may accumulate passively transporting particles, organic matter, and larval fish. Among the modeled reaches, Yankton had substantially longer water residence time for equivalent flow exceedances than the other three modeled reaches. Longer residence times result from greater flow resistance in the relatively wide, shallow channel and may be associated with longer residence times of passively transported particulate materials.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20095058","collaboration":"Prepared for the Missouri River Recovery-Integrated Science Program U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Yankton, South Dakota","usgsCitation":"Jacobson, R.B., Johnson, H.E., and Dietsch, B.J., 2009, Hydrodynamic simulations of physical aquatic habitat availability for Pallid Sturgeon in the Lower Missouri River, at Yankton, South Dakota, Kenslers Bend, Nebraska, Little Sioux, Iowa, and Miami, Missouri, 2006-07: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5058, vi, 68 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095058.","productDescription":"vi, 68 p.","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341671,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5058/pdf/sir2009-5058.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":12579,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5058/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":195784,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100,38 ], [ -100,44 ], [ -88,44 ], [ -88,38 ], [ -100,38 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db628e80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jacobson, Robert B. 0000-0002-8368-2064 rjacobson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":1289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Robert","email":"rjacobson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Harold E. 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,{"id":97441,"text":"fs20093020 - 2009 - National Streamflow Information Program: Implementation Status Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:05","indexId":"fs20093020","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-3020","title":"National Streamflow Information Program: Implementation Status Report","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) operates and maintains a nationwide network of about 7,500 streamgages designed to provide and interpret long-term, accurate, and unbiased streamflow information to meet the multiple needs of many diverse national, regional, state, and local users. The National Streamflow Information Program (NSIP) was initiated in 2003 in response to Congressional and stakeholder concerns about (1) the decrease in the number of operating streamgages, including a disproportionate loss of streamgages with a long period of record; (2) the inability of the USGS to continue operating high-priority streamgages in an environment of reduced funding through partnerships; and (3) the increasing demand for streamflow information due to emerging resource-management issues and new data-delivery capabilities. The NSIP's mission is to provide the streamflow information and understanding required to meet national, regional, state, and local needs.\r\n\r\nMost of the existing streamgages are funded through partnerships with more than 850 other Federal, state, tribal, and local agencies. Currently, about 90 percent of the streamgages send data to the World Wide Web in near-real time (some information is transmitted within 15 minutes, whereas some lags by about 4 hours). The streamflow information collected at USGS streamgages is used for many purposes:\r\n\r\n\r\n*In water-resource appraisals and allocations - to determine how much water is available and how it is being allocated; \r\n*To provide streamflow information required by interstate agreements, compacts, and court decrees; \r\n*For engineering design of reservoirs, bridges, roads, culverts, and treatment plants; \r\n*For the operation of reservoirs, the operation of locks and dams for navigation purposes, and power production; \r\n*To identify changes in streamflow resulting from changes in land use, water use, and climate; \r\n*For streamflow forecasting, flood planning, and flood forecasting; \r\n*To support water-quality programs by allowing determination of constituent loads and fluxes; and \r\n*For characterizing and evaluating instream conditions for habitat assessments, instream-flow requirements, and recreation.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20093020","usgsCitation":"Norris, J.M., 2009, National Streamflow Information Program: Implementation Status Report: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2009-3020, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20093020.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124722,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2009_3020.jpg"},{"id":12578,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3020/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b31e4b07f02db6b4154","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Norris, J. Michael 0000-0002-7480-0161 mnorris@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7480-0161","contributorId":1625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norris","given":"J.","email":"mnorris@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":97439,"text":"sir20085239 - 2009 - Geospatial data to support analysis of water-quality conditions in basin-fill aquifers in the southwestern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-30T14:08:33","indexId":"sir20085239","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5239","title":"Geospatial data to support analysis of water-quality conditions in basin-fill aquifers in the southwestern United States","docAbstract":"The Southwest Principal Aquifers study area consists of most of California and Nevada and parts of Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, and Colorado; it is about 409,000 square miles. The Basin-fill aquifers extend through about 201,000 square miles of the study area and are the primary source of water for cities and agricultural communities in basins in the arid and semiarid southwestern United States (Southwest). The demand on limited ground-water resources in areas in the southwestern United States has increased significantly. This increased demand underscores the importance of understanding factors that affect the water quality in basin-fill aquifers in the region, which are being studied through the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program. As a part of this study, spatial datasets of natural and anthropogenic factors that may affect ground-water quality of the basin-fill aquifers in the southwestern United States were developed. These data include physical characteristics of the region, such as geology, elevation, and precipitation, as well as anthropogenic factors, including population, land use, and water use. Spatial statistics for the alluvial basins in the Southwest have been calculated using the datasets. This information provides a foundation for the development of conceptual and statistical models that relate natural and anthropogenic factors to ground-water quality across the Southwest.\r\n\r\nA geographic information system (GIS) was used to determine and illustrate the spatial distribution of these basin-fill variables across the region. One hundred-meter resolution raster data layers that represent the spatial characteristics of the basins' boundaries, drainage areas, population densities, land use, and water use were developed for the entire Southwest.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20085239","usgsCitation":"McKinney, T., and Anning, D.W., 2009, Geospatial data to support analysis of water-quality conditions in basin-fill aquifers in the southwestern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5239, Report: iv, 16 p.; HTML, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085239.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 16 p.; HTML","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":12576,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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,{"id":70156084,"text":"70156084 - 2009 - Does winter region affect spring arrival time and body mass of king eiders in northern Alaska?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-30T19:06:49.334577","indexId":"70156084","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3093,"text":"Polar Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does winter region affect spring arrival time and body mass of king eiders in northern Alaska?","docAbstract":"<p><span>Events during the non-breeding season may affect the body condition of migratory birds and influence performance during the following breeding season. Migratory birds nesting in the Arctic often rely on endogenous nutrients for reproductive efforts, and are thus potentially subject to such carry-over effects. We tested whether king eider (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">Somateria spectabilis</i><span>) arrival time and body mass upon arrival at breeding grounds in northern Alaska were affected by their choice of a winter region in the Bering Sea. We captured birds shortly after arrival on breeding grounds in early June 2002&ndash;2006 at two sites in northern Alaska and determined the region in which individuals wintered using satellite telemetry or stable isotope ratios of head feathers. We used generalized linear models to assess whether winter region explained variation in arrival body mass among individuals by accounting for sex, site, annual variation, and the date a bird was captured. We found no support for our hypothesis that either arrival time or arrival body mass of king eiders differed among winter regions. We conclude that wintering in different regions in the Bering Sea is unlikely to have reproductive consequences for king eiders in our study areas.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00300-009-0618-1","usgsCitation":"Powell, A., and Oppel, S., 2009, Does winter region affect spring arrival time and body mass of king eiders in northern Alaska?: Polar Biology, v. 32, no. 8, p. 1203-1209, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-009-0618-1.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1203","endPage":"1209","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-009708","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306847,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kuparuk oil field and Teshekpuk Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": 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N.","email":"abby_powell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13117,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oppel, Steffen","contributorId":44432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oppel","given":"Steffen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70209590,"text":"70209590 - 2009 - Past extent and status of the Greenland Ice Sheet","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-15T12:15:43.182558","indexId":"70209590","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-14T17:49:11","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"chapter":"5","title":"Past extent and status of the Greenland Ice Sheet","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"SAP 1.2: Past climate variability and change in the Arctic and at high latitudes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Alley, R.B., Andrews, J.T., Clarke, G., Funderburk, S., Marshall, S., Mitrovica, J.X., Muhs, D., and Otto-Bliesner, B.L., 2009, Past extent and status of the Greenland Ice Sheet, 54 p.","productDescription":"54 p.","startPage":"303","endPage":"357","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374003,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":373989,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.globalchange.gov/browse/reports/sap-12-past-climate-variability-and-change-arctic-and-high-latitudes"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alley, Richard B.","contributorId":34365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alley","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":13035,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":787037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andrews, J. T.","contributorId":191135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andrews","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clarke, G.K.C.","contributorId":56934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clarke","given":"G.K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Funderburk, S.","contributorId":60979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funderburk","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marshall, S.J.","contributorId":34787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mitrovica, Jerry X.","contributorId":86200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitrovica","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"X.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. 0000-0001-7449-251X dmuhs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":168575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel R.","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Otto-Bliesner, Bette L.","contributorId":85022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otto-Bliesner","given":"Bette","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":97426,"text":"fs20093017 - 2009 - The National Geospatial Technical Operations Center","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:32","indexId":"fs20093017","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-3017","title":"The National Geospatial Technical Operations Center","docAbstract":"The United States Geological Survey (USGS) National Geospatial Technical Operations Center (NGTOC) provides geospatial technical expertise in support of the National Geospatial Program in its development of The National Map, National Atlas of the United States, and implementation of key components of the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI).","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20093017","usgsCitation":"Craun, K.J., Constance, E.W., Donnelly, J., and Newell, M.R., 2009, The National Geospatial Technical Operations Center: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2009-3017, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20093017.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":425,"text":"National Geospatial Technical Operations Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126283,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2009_3017.jpg"},{"id":12563,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3017/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bd30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Craun, Kari J. 0000-0001-7875-2809 kcraun@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7875-2809","contributorId":3526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craun","given":"Kari","email":"kcraun@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Constance, Eric W. 0000-0001-9687-7066 econstance@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9687-7066","contributorId":2056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Constance","given":"Eric","email":"econstance@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Donnelly, Jay","contributorId":78430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donnelly","given":"Jay","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Newell, Mark R. mnewell@usgs.gov","contributorId":2064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newell","given":"Mark","email":"mnewell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":302076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":97429,"text":"ds419 - 2009 - PRISM3/GISS Topographic Reconstruction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:04","indexId":"ds419","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"419","title":"PRISM3/GISS Topographic Reconstruction","docAbstract":"The PRISM3/GISS topographic reconstruction is one of the global data sets incorporated into a new reconstruction for the mid-Piacenzian warm interval of the Pliocene, at about 3.3 to 3.0 Ma. The PRISM3/GISS topography-gridded data set is a digitization of a graphical reconstruction, provided at 2 deg x 2 deg resolution and based on updated paleoaltimetry data and a refined land/ocean mask. Mid-Piacenzian topography as shown in this data set is generally quite similar to modern topography, with three notable differences: (1) the coastline as shown is 25 meters higher than modern sea level, reflecting the hypothesized reduction in ice sheet volume; (2) Hudson Bay is filled in to low elevation, in the absence of evidence for submergence at that time; and (3) the West Antarctic ice sheet is absent, permitting open seaways to exist in Ellsworth and Marie Byrd Lands. Two alternate ice sheet configurations with corresponding vegetation schemes are available; one is a minor modification of the PRISM2 ice reconstruction, and one is derived from the British Antarctic Survey Ice Sheet Model (BAS ISM).","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds419","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, and the Center for Climate Systems Research at Columbia University","usgsCitation":"Sohl, L.E., Chandler, M.A., Schmunk, R.B., Mankoff, K., Jonas, J.A., Foley, K.M., and Dowsett, H.J., 2009, PRISM3/GISS Topographic Reconstruction: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 419, iv, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds419.","productDescription":"iv, 6 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198369,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12566,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/419/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689de3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sohl, Linda E.","contributorId":48281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohl","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chandler, Mark A.","contributorId":101768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandler","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmunk, Robert B.","contributorId":106604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmunk","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mankoff, Ken","contributorId":26396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mankoff","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jonas, Jeffrey A.","contributorId":12148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jonas","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Foley, Kevin M. 0000-0003-1013-462X kfoley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1013-462X","contributorId":2543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"Kevin","email":"kfoley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dowsett, Harry J. 0000-0003-1983-7524 hdowsett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"Harry","email":"hdowsett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":97428,"text":"ds439 - 2009 - Geochemical database for igneous rocks of the ancestral Cascades Arc— Southern segment, California and Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-25T20:00:59.633971","indexId":"ds439","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"439","title":"Geochemical database for igneous rocks of the ancestral Cascades Arc— Southern segment, California and Nevada","docAbstract":"Volcanic rocks that form the southern segment of the Cascades magmatic arc are an important manifestation of Cenozoic subduction and associated magmatism in western North America. Until recently, these rocks had been little studied and no systematic compilation of existing composition data had been assembled. This report is a compilation of all available chemical data for igneous rocks that constitute the southern segment of the ancestral Cascades magmatic arc and complement a previously completed companion compilation that pertains to rocks that constitute the northern segment of the arc. Data for more than 2,000 samples from a diversity of sources were identified and incorporated in the database. The association between these igneous rocks and spatially and temporally associated mineral deposits is well established and suggests a probable genetic relationship. The ultimate goal of the related research is an evaluation of the time-space-compositional evolution of magmatism associated with the southern Cascades arc segment and identification of genetic associations between magmatism and mineral deposits in this region.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds439","isbn":"9781411324053","usgsCitation":"du Bray, E.A., John, D.A., Putirka, K., and Cousens, B., 2009, Geochemical database for igneous rocks of the ancestral Cascades Arc— Southern segment, California and Nevada (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 439, CD-ROM; HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds439.","productDescription":"CD-ROM; HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388504,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_86500.htm"},{"id":197773,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12565,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/439/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.5,\n              37.0\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.5,\n              37.0\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.5,\n              42.0\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.5,\n              42.0\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.5,\n              37.0\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae9bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"du Bray, Edward A. 0000-0002-4383-8394 edubray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4383-8394","contributorId":755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"du Bray","given":"Edward","email":"edubray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"John, David A. 0000-0001-7977-9106 djohn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7977-9106","contributorId":1748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"John","given":"David","email":"djohn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Putirka, Keith","contributorId":12950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Putirka","given":"Keith","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cousens, Brian L.","contributorId":84038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cousens","given":"Brian L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":97427,"text":"ofr20091058 - 2009 - Comparison of NLCD with NWI Classifications of Baldwin and Mobile Counties, Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:04","indexId":"ofr20091058","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-1058","title":"Comparison of NLCD with NWI Classifications of Baldwin and Mobile Counties, Alabama","docAbstract":"An assessment of the accuracy of National Land Cover Data 2001 as compared to National Wetlands Inventory mapping of Mobile and Baldwin Counties conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) National Wetlands Research Center (NWRC). Both classifications were checked against stratified randomly selected ground-based sites and with each other to compare the accuracy of the NLCD with NWI classification methods. For this accuracy comparison, numerous visits were made by photointerpreters to the Mobile Bay area to establish signatures for the modified NWI mapping. After all of the quadrangles in Baldwin and Mobile Counties were mapped, an accuracy assessment of those maps was conducted by field-checking the mapped classes with ground-based check sites. These same sites were used to check the accuracy of the NLCD and also as the basis for cross-walking the NLCD and NWI classification systems for direct comparison of the two methods. This accuracy assessment is dependent on a methodology and analysis developed for the unique characteristics and properties of NWI classification, which is mapped to polygon, as compared to NLCD, which uses raster classification and mapping. This cartographic presentation results in fundamentally different classification boundaries. Overlaying these map types cannot prevent boundary differences resulting in a tremendous proliferation of sliver polygons. The intersection of both maps resulted in three-quarters of a million polygons, nearly half of which were less than the 900-m2 pixel size used in NLCD mapping (the smaller of the minimum mapping units of NWI and NLCD versus NWI mapping was about 0.5 ha). It is the authors' opinion that this cartographic difference needs to be more fully explored before accepting the accuracy difference between NWI and NLCD presented here at face value.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20091058","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Mobile Bay National Estuary Program, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Handley, L., and Wells, C., 2009, Comparison of NLCD with NWI Classifications of Baldwin and Mobile Counties, Alabama: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1058, iv, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20091058.","productDescription":"iv, 11 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198368,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12564,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1058/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae432","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Handley, Larry","contributorId":66803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handley","given":"Larry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wells, Chris","contributorId":80382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":97425,"text":"sir20095027 - 2009 - Trends in Surface-Water Quality at Selected Ambient-Monitoring Network Stations in Kentucky, 1979-2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:31","indexId":"sir20095027","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5027","title":"Trends in Surface-Water Quality at Selected Ambient-Monitoring Network Stations in Kentucky, 1979-2004","docAbstract":"Increasingly complex water-management decisions require water-quality monitoring programs that provide data for multiple purposes, including trend analyses, to detect improvement or deterioration in water quality with time. Understanding surface-water-quality trends assists resource managers in identifying emerging water-quality concerns, planning remediation efforts, and evaluating the effectiveness of the remediation. This report presents the results of a study conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Kentucky Energy and Environment Cabinet-Kentucky Division of Water, to analyze and summarize long-term water-quality trends of selected properties and water-quality constituents in selected streams in Kentucky's ambient stream water-quality monitoring network.\r\n\r\nTrends in surface-water quality for 15 properties and water-quality constituents were analyzed at 37 stations with drainage basins ranging in size from 62 to 6,431 square miles. Analyses of selected physical properties (temperature, specific conductance, pH, dissolved oxygen, hardness, and suspended solids), for major ions (chloride and sulfate), for selected metals (iron and manganese), for nutrients (total phosphorus, total nitrogen, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrite plus nitrate), and for fecal coliform were compiled from the Commonwealth's ambient water-quality monitoring network. Trend analyses were completed using the S-Plus statistical software program S-Estimate Trend (S-ESTREND), which detects trends in water-quality data. The trend-detection techniques supplied by this software include the Seasonal Kendall nonparametric methods for use with uncensored data or data censored with only one reporting limit and the Tobit-regression parametric method for use with data censored with multiple reporting limits. One of these tests was selected for each property and water-quality constituent and applied to all station records so that results of the trend procedure could be compared among stations. Flow-adjustment procedures were used with these techniques at all stations to remove the effects of streamflow on water-quality variability. Flow adjustments were used for all constituents, except temperature. A decreasing trend indicates a decrease in concentration of a particular constituent; whereas, an increasing trend indicates an increase in concentration and potential degradation in water quality.\r\n\r\nTrend results varied statewide by station and by physical property and water-quality constituent. The results for all stations and all physical properties and water-quality constituents examined had at least one statistically significant (p-value <0.05) increasing or decreasing trend during the specified period of record. Water temperature and concentrations of dissolved oxygen had no significant decreasing trends at any station. Water temperature had one significant increasing trend at the South Fork Cumberland River near Blue Heron station. Specific conductance and concentrations of hardness had one significant decreasing trend at the South Fork Cumberland River near Blue Heron station. pH also had a significant decreasing trend at the Mud River near Gus station. Concentrations of total suspended solids had 1 increasing trend at the Kentucky River at High Bridge station and 10 decreasing trends with 5 of those stations located in the Cumberland River Basin.\r\n\r\nMajor ions analyzed for trends included chloride and sulfate. Concentrations of chloride at the 37 stations had increasing trends at 15 stations, decreasing trends at 3 stations, and no significant trend in concentration over time at 19 stations. Most of the increasing trends in concentrations of chloride are located in the northern part of Kentucky, possibly indicating an increase in the use of road salts for road deicing and (or) the result of resource extraction (oil, gas, and coal). Increasing trends of sulfate concentrations were detected at seven stations, all located in the Appalachian ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095027","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Kentucky Energy and Environment Cabinet-Kentucky Division of Water","usgsCitation":"Crain, A.S., and Martin, G.R., 2009, Trends in Surface-Water Quality at Selected Ambient-Monitoring Network Stations in Kentucky, 1979-2004: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5027, vi, 61 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095027.","productDescription":"vi, 61 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1979-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":354,"text":"Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121087,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5027.jpg"},{"id":12561,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5027/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90,36 ], [ -90,40 ], [ -81,40 ], [ -81,36 ], [ -90,36 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ce4b07f02db6265f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crain, Angela S. 0000-0003-0969-6238 ascrain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0969-6238","contributorId":3090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crain","given":"Angela","email":"ascrain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":354,"text":"Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, Gary R. 0000-0002-3274-5846 grmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3274-5846","contributorId":3413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Gary","email":"grmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":354,"text":"Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":97419,"text":"gap16 - 2009 - Gap Analysis -A geographic approach to planning for biological diversity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-21T13:08:06","indexId":"gap16","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":30,"text":"GAP Bulletin","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"16","title":"Gap Analysis -A geographic approach to planning for biological diversity","docAbstract":"<p>The Mission of the Gap Analysis Project (GAP)<span>&nbsp;</span>is to promote conservation by providing broad geographic information on biological diversity to resource managers, planners, and policy makers who can use the information to make informed decisions.</p><p>As part of the National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII)<span>&nbsp;</span>—a collaborative program to provide increased access to data and information on the nation’s biological resources--GAP data and analytical tools have been used in hundreds of applications: from basic research to comprehensive state wildlife plans; from educational projects in schools to ecoregional assessments of biodiversity.</p><p>The challenge: keeping common species common means protecting them BEFORE they become threatened. To do this on a state or regional basis requires key information such as land cover descriptions, predicted distribution maps for native animals, and an assessment of the level of protection currently given to those plants and animals.</p><p>GAP works cooperatively with Federal, state, and local natural resource professionals and academics to provide this kind of information. GAP activities focus on the creation of state and regional databases and maps that depict patterns of land management, land cover, and biodiversity. These data can be used to identify “gaps” in conservation--instances where an animal or plant community is not adequately represented on the existing network of conservation lands.</p><p>GAP is administered through the U.S. Geological Survey. Through building partnerships among disparate groups, GAP hopes to foster the kind of collaboration that is needed to address conservation issues on a broad scale.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"2009, Gap Analysis -A geographic approach to planning for biological diversity: GAP Bulletin 16, 104 p.","productDescription":"104 p.","temporalStart":"2008-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38315,"text":"GAP Analysis Project","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198248,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12555,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gap/gap16/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b1397","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Maxwell, Jill","contributorId":19650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maxwell","given":"Jill","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742257,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gergely, Kevin J. 0000-0002-4379-2189 gergely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4379-2189","contributorId":2706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gergely","given":"Kevin","email":"gergely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":208,"text":"Core Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742258,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aycrigg, Jocelyn","contributorId":76422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aycrigg","given":"Jocelyn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742259,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davidson, Anne","contributorId":48268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davidson","given":"Anne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742260,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":97422,"text":"sir20085195 - 2009 - U.S. Geological Survey Science Strategy for the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-24T10:16:07","indexId":"sir20085195","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5195","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Science Strategy for the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative","docAbstract":"Southwest Wyoming's wildlife and habitat resources are increasingly affected by energy and urban/exurban development, climate change, and other key drivers of ecosystem change. To ensure that southwest Wyoming's wildlife populations and habitats persist in the face of development and other changes, a consortium of public resource-management agencies proposed the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative (WLCI), the overall goal of which is to implement conservation actions. As the principal agency charged with conducting WLCI science, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has developed a Science Strategy for the WLCI. Workshops were held for all interested parties to identify and refine the most pressing management needs for achieving WLCI goals. Research approaches for addressing those needs include developing conceptual models for understanding ecosystem function, identifying key drivers of change affecting WLCI ecosystems, and conducting scientific monitoring and experimental studies to better understand ecosystems processes, cumulative effects of change, and effectiveness of habitat treatments. The management needs drive an iterative, three-phase framework developed for structuring and growing WLCI science efforts: Phase I entails synthesizing existing information to assess current conditions, determining what is already known about WLCI ecosystems, and providing a foundation for future work; Phase II entails conducting targeted research and monitoring to address gaps in data and knowledge during Phase I; and Phase III entails integrating new knowledge into WLCI activities and coordinating WLCI partners and collaborators. Throughout all three phases, information is managed and made accessible to interested parties and used to guide and improve management and conservation actions, future habitat treatments, best management practices, and other conservation activities.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20085195","usgsCitation":"Bowen, Z.H., Aldridge, C.L., Anderson, P.J., Chong, G.W., Drummond, M.A., Homer, C.G., Johnson, R.C., Kauffman, M., Knick, S.T., Kosovich, J.J., Miller, K.A., Owens, T., Shafer, S.L., and Sweat, M.J., 2009, U.S. Geological Survey Science Strategy for the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5195, vi, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085195.","productDescription":"vi, 26 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":12558,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5195/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":125657,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2008_5195.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.25,41 ], [ -111.25,43.5 ], [ -106.75,43.5 ], [ -106.75,41 ], [ -111.25,41 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f9e4b07f02db5f30bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowen, Zachary H. 0000-0002-8656-1831 bowenz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8656-1831","contributorId":821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Zachary","email":"bowenz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins 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Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kosovich, John J. 0000-0002-3795-4436 jjkosovich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3795-4436","contributorId":1470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kosovich","given":"John","email":"jjkosovich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":208,"text":"Core Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5047,"text":"NGTOC Denver","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Miller, Kirk A. 0000-0002-8141-2001 kmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8141-2001","contributorId":3959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Kirk","email":"kmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Owens, Tom tom_owens@usgs.gov","contributorId":207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owens","given":"Tom","email":"tom_owens@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":302055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Shafer, Sarah L. 0000-0003-3739-2637 sshafer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3739-2637","contributorId":1684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafer","given":"Sarah","email":"sshafer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":302061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Sweat, Michael J. mjsweat@usgs.gov","contributorId":356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweat","given":"Michael","email":"mjsweat@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":97417,"text":"fs20093012 - 2009 - Assessment of in-place oil shale resources of the Green River Formation, Piceance Basin, western Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-28T15:47:30","indexId":"fs20093012","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-3012","title":"Assessment of in-place oil shale resources of the Green River Formation, Piceance Basin, western Colorado","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) recently completed a reassessment of in-place oil shale resources, regardless of richness, in the Eocene Green River Formation in the Piceance Basin, western Colorado. A considerable amount of oil-yield data has been collected after previous in-place assessments were published, and these data were incorporated into this new assessment. About twice as many oil-yield data points were used, and several additional oil shale intervals were included that were not assessed previously for lack of data. Oil yields are measured using the Fischer assay method. The Fischer assay method is a standardized laboratory test for determining the oil yield from oil shale that has been almost universally used to determine oil yields for Green River Formation oil shales. Fischer assay does not necessarily measure the maximum amount of oil that an oil shale can produce, and there are retorting methods that yield more than the Fischer assay yield. However, the oil yields achieved by other technologies are typically reported as a percentage of the Fischer assay oil yield, and thus Fischer assay is still considered the standard by which other methods are compared.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20093012","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.C., Mercier, T.J., Brownfield, M.E., Pantea, M.P., and Self, J.G., 2009, Assessment of in-place oil shale resources of the Green River Formation, Piceance Basin, western Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2009-3012, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20093012.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124955,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2009_3012.jpg"},{"id":12553,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3012/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109,39 ], [ -109,40.25 ], [ -107.5,40.25 ], [ -107.5,39 ], [ -109,39 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48b1e4b07f02db530840","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Ronald C. 0000-0002-6197-5165 rcjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-5165","contributorId":1550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Ronald","email":"rcjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mercier, Tracey J. 0000-0002-8232-525X tmercier@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8232-525X","contributorId":2847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mercier","given":"Tracey","email":"tmercier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brownfield, Michael E. 0000-0003-3633-1138 mbrownfield@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3633-1138","contributorId":1548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brownfield","given":"Michael","email":"mbrownfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pantea, Michael P. mpantea@usgs.gov","contributorId":1549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pantea","given":"Michael","email":"mpantea@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Self, Jesse G.","contributorId":29459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Self","given":"Jesse","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":97418,"text":"sir20095031 - 2009 - Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to Simulate Runoff in Mustang Creek Basin, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:30","indexId":"sir20095031","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5031","title":"Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to Simulate Runoff in Mustang Creek Basin, California","docAbstract":"This study is an evaluation of the calibration and validation of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) version 2005 watershed model for the Mustang Creek Basin, San Joaquin Valley, California. The study is part of a national study on the process of agricultural chemical movement through the hydrologic system, which is being done by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment program. The SWAT model was used to simulate streamflow in the Mustang Creek Basin on the basis of a set of model inputs derived and modified from various data sources.\r\n\r\nThe 2005 version of the model was calibrated for 29 days in February 2004, and validated for 58 days in January and February 2005. Measured streamflow for a USGS gaging station was used for model calibration and validation. Results of the simulated monthly streamflow had a Nash Sutcliffe efficiency value of 0.72 during the calibration period. The 2005 version of the model was unsuccessful in simulating streamflow during the validation period, as indicated by a Nash Sutcliffe efficiency value of 0.33. This lack of a successful simulation probably is due to the limited amount of measured streamflow data available for calibration, the ephemeral nature of flows in Mustang Creek, and the fact that the SWAT model was developed primarily for long time period (2 years and more) simulations and not for limited monthly simulations as used in Mustang Creek.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095031","usgsCitation":"Saleh, D.K., Kratzer, C.R., Green, C.H., and Evans, D.G., 2009, Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to Simulate Runoff in Mustang Creek Basin, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5031, vii, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095031.","productDescription":"vii, 30 p.","temporalStart":"2003-10-01","temporalEnd":"2005-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124758,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2009_5031.jpg"},{"id":12554,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5031/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121,37.25 ], [ -121,38 ], [ -119.25,38 ], [ -119.25,37.25 ], [ -121,37.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49a2e4b07f02db5beb6a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saleh, Dina K. 0000-0002-1406-9303","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1406-9303","contributorId":24737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saleh","given":"Dina","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":16706,"text":"California State University, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":302043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kratzer, Charles R.","contributorId":30619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kratzer","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":302044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Green, Colleen H.","contributorId":74103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Colleen","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Evans, David G.","contributorId":80787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":97416,"text":"fs20093011 - 2009 - Nahcolite resources in the Green River Formation, Piceance Basin, northwestern Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-28T15:48:43","indexId":"fs20093011","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-3011","title":"Nahcolite resources in the Green River Formation, Piceance Basin, northwestern Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) recently completed an assessment of in-place nahcolite (NaHCO<sub>3</sub>) resources in the Piceance Basin, northwestern Colorado. Nahcolite is present in the oil shale deposits of the Parachute Creek Member of the Eocene Green River Formation. It occurs as disseminated aggregates, nodules, bedded units of disseminated brown crystals, and white crystalline beds associated with dawsonite (NaAl(OH)<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>) and halite (NaCl). The nahcolite-bearing facies are divided into an unleached part containing the nahcolite and halite, which is estimated to be as much as 1,130 ft thick, and an upper leached part several hundred feet thick containing minor nahcolite aggregates and nodules. Locally, thick beds of halite and brown fine-grained nahcolite lie in the depocenter of the basin, but thin laterally away from the basin center and grade into beds of white, coarse-grained nahcolite. In the central part of the study area, the top of the nahcolite-bearing rocks range in depth from about 1,300 to 2,000 ft.</p><p>Dissolution of water-soluble minerals, mostly nahcolite and halite, in the upper part of the nahcolite-bearing facies has created a collapsed leached zone as much as 580 ft thick that consists of laterally continuous units of solution breccia and fractured oil shale containing solution cavities. The top of the leached zone is not yet defined in the basin, but it probably extends into the A groove in the upper part of the Parachute Creek Member.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20093011","usgsCitation":"Brownfield, M.E., Johnson, R.C., Self, J.G., and Mercier, T.J., 2009, Nahcolite resources in the Green River Formation, Piceance Basin, northwestern Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2009-3011, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20093011.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124717,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2009_3011.jpg"},{"id":356869,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3011/pdf/FS09-3011.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":12552,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2009/3011/","text":"Index Page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109,39 ], [ -109,40.25 ], [ -107.5,40.25 ], [ -107.5,39 ], [ -109,39 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698a35","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brownfield, Michael E. 0000-0003-3633-1138 mbrownfield@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3633-1138","contributorId":1548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brownfield","given":"Michael","email":"mbrownfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Ronald C. 0000-0002-6197-5165 rcjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-5165","contributorId":1550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Ronald","email":"rcjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Self, Jesse G.","contributorId":29459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Self","given":"Jesse","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mercier, Tracey J. 0000-0002-8232-525X tmercier@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8232-525X","contributorId":2847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mercier","given":"Tracey","email":"tmercier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":97423,"text":"ds441 - 2009 - Hydrographs Showing Ground-Water Level Changes for Selected Wells in the Lower Skagit River Basin, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:45","indexId":"ds441","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"441","title":"Hydrographs Showing Ground-Water Level Changes for Selected Wells in the Lower Skagit River Basin, Washington","docAbstract":"Hydrographs for selected wells in the Lower Skagit River basin, Washington, are presented in an interactive web-based map to illustrate monthly and seasonal changes in ground-water levels in the study area. Ground-water level data and well information were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey using standard techniques and were stored in the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS), Ground-Water Site-Inventory (GWSI) System.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds441","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Skagit County, Washington, and Washington State Department of Ecology","usgsCitation":"Fasser, E., and Julich, R.J., 2009, Hydrographs Showing Ground-Water Level Changes for Selected Wells in the Lower Skagit River Basin, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 441, Available online, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds441.","productDescription":"Available online","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195620,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12559,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/441/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.53333333333333,48.25 ], [ -122.53333333333333,48.5 ], [ -122.06666666666666,48.5 ], [ -122.06666666666666,48.25 ], [ -122.53333333333333,48.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2de4b07f02db61466e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fasser, E.T.","contributorId":81589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fasser","given":"E.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Julich, R. J.","contributorId":85666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Julich","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":302069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":97420,"text":"sir20095059 - 2009 - Hydrologic characterization for Spring Creek and hydrologic budget and model scenarios for Sheridan Lake, South Dakota, 1962-2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-14T12:10:58","indexId":"sir20095059","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5059","title":"Hydrologic characterization for Spring Creek and hydrologic budget and model scenarios for Sheridan Lake, South Dakota, 1962-2007","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey cooperated with South Dakota Game, Fish and Parks to characterize hydrologic information relevant to management of water resources associated with Sheridan Lake, which is formed by a dam on Spring Creek. This effort consisted primarily of characterization of hydrologic data for a base period of 1962 through 2006, development of a hydrologic budget for Sheridan Lake for this timeframe, and development of an associated model for simulation of storage deficits and drawdown in Sheridan Lake for hypothetical release scenarios from the lake. Historically, the dam has been operated primarily as a 'pass-through' system, in which unregulated outflows pass over the spillway; however, the dam recently was retrofitted with an improved control valve system that would allow controlled releases of about 7 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) or less from a fixed depth of about 60 feet (ft).\r\n\r\nDevelopment of a hydrologic budget for Sheridan Lake involved compilation, estimation, and characterization of data sets for streamflow, precipitation, and evaporation. The most critical data need was for extrapolation of available short-term streamflow records for Spring Creek to be used as the long-term inflow to Sheridan Lake. Available short-term records for water years (WY) 1991-2004 for a gaging station upstream from Sheridan Lake were extrapolated to WY 1962-2006 on the basis of correlations with streamflow records for a downstream station and for stations located along two adjacent streams. Comparisons of data for the two streamflow-gaging stations along Spring Creek indicated that tributary inflow is approximately proportional to the intervening drainage area, which was used as a means of estimating tributary inflow for the hydrologic budget. Analysis of evaporation data shows that sustained daily rates may exceed maximum monthly rates by a factor of about two.\r\n\r\nA long-term (1962-2006) hydrologic budget was developed for computation of reservoir outflow from Sheridan Lake for the historical pass-through operating system. Two inflow components (stream inflow and precipitation) and one outflow component (evaporation) were considered. The hydrologic budget uses monthly time steps within a computational year that includes two 6-month periods - May through October, for which evaporation is accounted for, and November through April, when evaporation is considered negligible. Results indicate that monthly evaporation rates can substantially exceed inflow during low-flow periods, and potential exists for outflows to begin approaching zero-flow conditions substantially prior to the onset of zero-inflow conditions, especially when daily inflow and evaporation are considered. Results also indicate that September may be the month for greatest potential benefit for enhancing fish habitat and other ecosystem values in downstream reaches of Spring Creek with managed releases of cool water. Computed monthly outflows from Sheridan Lake for September are less than 1.0 ft3/s for 8 of the 44 years (18 percent) and are less than 2.0 ft3/s for 14 of the 44 years (32 percent). Conversely, none of the computed outflows for May are less than 2.0 ft3/s.\r\n\r\nA short-term (July through September 2007) data set was used to calculate daily evaporation from Sheridan Lake and to evaluate the applicability of published pan coefficients. Computed values of pan coefficients of approximately 1.0 and 1.1 for two low-flow periods are larger than the mean annual pan coefficient of 0.74 for the area that is reported in the literature; however, the computed values are consistent with pan coefficients reported elsewhere for similar late summer and early fall periods. Thus, these results supported the use of variable monthly pan coefficients for the long-term hydrologic budget.\r\n\r\nA hydrologic model was developed using the primary components of the hydrologic budget and was used to simulate monthly storage deficits and drawdown for Sheridan Lake using hypothetical ","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095059","isbn":"9781411323988","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with South Dakota Game, Fish and Parks","usgsCitation":"Driscoll, D.G., and Norton, P.A., 2009, Hydrologic characterization for Spring Creek and hydrologic budget and model scenarios for Sheridan Lake, South Dakota, 1962-2007: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5059, viii, 81 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095059.","productDescription":"viii, 81 p.","temporalStart":"1962-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195306,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12556,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5059/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Sheridan Lake, Spring Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -103.86749999999999,43.75 ], [ -103.86749999999999,44.25 ], [ -103.25,44.25 ], [ -103.25,43.75 ], [ -103.86749999999999,43.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2de4b07f02db6144aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Driscoll, Daniel G. dgdrisco@usgs.gov","contributorId":1558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Daniel","email":"dgdrisco@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Norton, Parker A. 0000-0002-4638-2601 pnorton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4638-2601","contributorId":2257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norton","given":"Parker","email":"pnorton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":97414,"text":"sir20095010 - 2009 - Relations between Municipal Water Use and Selected Meteorological Parameters and Drought Indices, East-Central and Northeast Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:47","indexId":"sir20095010","displayToPublicDate":"2009-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2009-5010","title":"Relations between Municipal Water Use and Selected Meteorological Parameters and Drought Indices, East-Central and Northeast Florida","docAbstract":"Water-use data collected between 1992 and 2006 at eight municipal water-supply utilities in east-central and northeast Florida were analyzed to identify seasonal trends in use and to quantify monthly variations. Regression analyses were applied to identify significant correlations between water use and selected meteorological parameters and drought indices. Selected parameters and indices include precipitation (P), air temperature (T), potential evapotranspiration (PET), available water (P-PET), monthly changes in these parameters (Delta P, Delta T, Delta PET, Delta(P-PET), the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), and the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). Selected utilities include the City of Daytona Beach (Daytona), the City of Eustis (Eustis), Gainesville Regional Utilities (GRU), Jacksonville Electric Authority (JEA), Orange County Utilities (OCU), Orlando Utilities Commission (OUC), Seminole County Utilities (SCU), and the City of St. Augustine (St. Augustine). Water-use rates at these utilities in 2006 ranged from about 3.2 million gallons per day at Eustis to about 131 million gallons per day at JEA.\r\n\r\nTotal water-use rates increased at all utilities throughout the 15-year period of record, ranging from about 4 percent at Daytona to greater than 200 percent at OCU and SCU. Metered rates, however, decreased at six of the eight utilities, ranging from about 2 percent at OCU and OUC to about 17 percent at Eustis. Decreases in metered rates occurred because the number of metered connections increased at a greater rate than did total water use, suggesting that factors other than just population growth may play important roles in water-use dynamics. Given the absence of a concurrent trend in precipitation, these decreases can likely be attributed to changes in non-climatic factors such as water-use type, usage of reclaimed water, water-use restrictions, demographics, and so forth. When averaged for the eight utilities, metered water-use rates depict a clear seasonal pattern in which rates were lowest in the winter and greatest in the late spring. Averaged water-use rates ranged from about 9 percent below the 15-year daily mean in January to about 11 percent above the daily mean in May.\r\n\r\nWater-use rates were found to be statistically correlated to meteorological parameters and drought indices, and to be influenced by system memory. Metered rates (in gallons per day per active metered connection) were consistently found to be influenced by P, T, PET, and P-PET and changes in these parameters that occurred in prior months. In the single-variant analyses, best correlations were obtained by fitting polynomial functions to plots of metered rates versus moving-averaged values of selected parameters (R2 values greater than 0.50 at three of eight sites). Overall, metered water-use rates were best correlated with the 3- to 4-month moving average of Delta T or Delta PET (R2 values up to 0.66), whereas the full suite of meteorological parameters was best correlated with metered rates at Daytona and least correlated with rates at St. Augustine. Similarly, metered rates were substantially better correlated with moving-averaged values of precipitation (significant at all eight sites) than with single (current) monthly values (significant at only three sites). Total and metered water-use rates were positively correlated with T, PET, Delta P, Delta T, and Delta PET, and negatively correlated with P, P-PET, Delta (P-PET), PDSI, and SPI. The drought indices were better correlated with total water-use rates than with metered rates, whereas metered rates were better correlated with meteorological parameters.\r\n\r\nMultivariant analyses produced fits of the data that explained a greater degree of the variance in metered rates than did the single-variant analyses. Adjusted R2 values for the 'best' models ranged from 0.79 at JEA to 0.29 at St. Augustine and exceeded 0.60 at five of eight sites. The amount of available water (P-PET) was the si","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20095010","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with St. Johns River Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Murray, L.C., 2009, Relations between Municipal Water Use and Selected Meteorological Parameters and Drought Indices, East-Central and Northeast Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5010, vi, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20095010.","productDescription":"vi, 31 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1992-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":12550,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5010/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":195713,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.75,28.25 ], [ -82.75,30.5 ], [ -80.75,30.5 ], [ -80.75,28.25 ], [ -82.75,28.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5fe4b07f02db6349a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murray, Louis C. 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