Interannual modes of streamflow variation at 106 locations across the United States during the period 1931–1978 are defined by using principal components. Five statistically significant components are found to account for more than 56% of the total streamflow variance. The first principal component represents a nationwide tendency for either above- or below-mean streamflow. The second component represents a north-south opposition in departures from mean flow, and the third, an east-west opposition. Higher-order components (fourth and fifth) geographically depict regional patterns of opposition in the sign of streamflow departures between coastal-continental areas and between the northern and southern plains, respectively. Analyses using spatially and temporally modified data sets indicate that the first three components (which explain 45% of the variance) are quite stable spatially, while only the first component is stable temporally. Time series analysis of principal component scores indicates that all but the fourth component are first-order autoregressive processes, as is mean annual nationwide streamflow. The fourth component is an autoregressive (AR)(2) process. In general, the principal components of streamflow are found to exhibit more persistence over annual time scales than the mean annual flow data themselves.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR021i005p00691","usgsCitation":"Lins, H.F., 1985, Interannual streamflow variability in the United States based on principal components: Water Resources Research, v. 21, no. 5, p. 691-701, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR021i005p00691.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"691","endPage":"701","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219777,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"21","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3ce6e4b0c8380cd63139","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lins, Harry F. 0000-0001-5385-9247 hlins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5385-9247","contributorId":1505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lins","given":"Harry","email":"hlins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":365266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013612,"text":"70013612 - 1985 - Adsorption and desorption of hexavalent chromium in an alluvial aquifer near Telluride, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-19T11:06:20","indexId":"70013612","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Adsorption and desorption of hexavalent chromium in an alluvial aquifer near Telluride, Colorado","docAbstract":"A laboratory investigation of reactions between hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] and alluvium was conducted to evaluate reactions of Cr(VI) contaminating an alluvial aquifer near Telluride, CO and to determine the mechanisms responsible for these reactions. Uncontaminated alluvium and groundwater (spiked with CrO42−) from the study site were used in batch and column experiments. Results of these experiments show that Cr(VI) was adsorbed by the alluvium. Distribution coefficients from batch experiments ranged from 52 L/kg at an equilibrium CrO42− concentration of 0.4 µmol/L to 1.7 L/kg at an equilibrium concentration of 1400 µmol/L. The zero point of charge for the alluvium was approximately 8.3, and the alluvium had a positive net charge at the groundwater pH of 6.8. Visual and chemical evidence indicated that Fe oxide and hydroxide coatings on the alluvial particles principally were responsible for the adsorption of Cr(VI). During column experiments, Cr(VI) initially was desorbed easily from the alluvium by Cr‐free groundwater; however, the rate of desorption decreased rapidly, and > 60 pore volumes of groundwater were required to decrease the effluent concentration of Cr(VI) to 3 µmol/L [drinking water standard for Cr(VI) = 1 µmol/L]. The quantity of Cr(VI) adsorbed varied with the type and concentration of other anions in solution.
Three large submarine canyons, Oceanographer, Gilbert, and Lydonia, indent the U.S. Atlantic continental shelf and, with four additional canyons, dissect the continental slope in the vicinity of Georges Bank. On the upper rise, these canyons merge at a water depth of approximately 3100 m to form only two valleys. Differences in channel morphology of the canyons on the upper rise imply differences in relative activity, which is inconsistent with observations in the canyon heads. At present, Lydonia Canyon incises the upper rise more deeply than do the other canyons: however, seismic-reflection profiles show buried channels beneath the rise, which suggests that these other six canyons were periodically active during the Neogene. The rise morphology and the thickness of inferred Neogene- and Quaternary-age sediments on the rise are attributed to the presence and activity of the canyons. The erosional and depositional processes and the morphology of these canyons are remarkably similar to those of fluvial systems. Bear Seamount, which has approximately 2000 m of relief on the rise, has acted as a barrier to downslope sediment transport since the Late Cretaceous. Sediment has piled up on the upslope side, whereas much less sediment has accumulated in the \"lee shadow\" on the downslope side. Seismic-reflection profile data show that Lydonia Canyon has not eroded down to the volcanic rock of Bear Seamount.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(85)90120-3","usgsCitation":"McGregor, B.A., 1985, Role of submarine canyons in shaping the rise between Lydonia and Oceanographer canyons, Georges Bank: Marine Geology, v. 62, no. 3-4, p. 277-293, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(85)90120-3.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"277","endPage":"293","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220640,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Georges Bank","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.62482914122968,\n 43.136200089564\n ],\n [\n -70.62482914122968,\n 42.13812260025668\n ],\n [\n -69.31201408737063,\n 42.13812260025668\n ],\n [\n -69.31201408737063,\n 43.136200089564\n ],\n [\n -70.62482914122968,\n 43.136200089564\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"62","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aae6fe4b0c8380cd870cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGregor, Bonnie A.","contributorId":61022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGregor","given":"Bonnie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013313,"text":"70013313 - 1985 - The use of natural waters as U.S. Geological Survey reference samples","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-30T16:47:11.472811","indexId":"70013313","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The use of natural waters as U.S. Geological Survey reference samples","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey conducts research and collects hydrologic data relating to the Nation's water resources. Two water quality laboratories in Atlanta, Georgia, and Denver, Colorado, support the national research programs, and provide chemical analyses of natural waters for the data program. Additional chemical water quality data are provided by cooperator and contract laboratories.
Continuous quality assurance efforts with these laboratories require several thousand reference samples each year. Reference samples approximating actual field samples provide the most realistic quality assurance for the laboratories. Seven types of natural matrix reference water samples are prepared for use in the Survey's quality assurance program. These include samples containing major constituents, trace metals, nutrients, herbicides, insecticides, trace metals in a water and suspended-sediment mixture, and precipitation (snowmelt). To prepare these reference samples, natural water is collected in plastic drums and the sediment is allowed to settle. The water is then filtered, selected constituents are added, and if necessary the water is acidified and sterilized by ultraviolet irradiation before bottling in plastic or glass. More than 1000 1-L samples of a given type may be prepared at a time. These reference samples are distributed twice yearly to more than 100 laboratories for chemical analysis. The most probable values for each constituent are determined by evaluating the data submitted by the laboratories using statistical techniques recommended by ASTM.
A stockpile of several thousand reference samples is maintained by the preparation of new samples as needed. Periodically, some of these samples are submitted to laboratories as “unknowns”. When the analytical data for these samples are reported and evaluated, problem areas detected are promptly reported to the respective laboratory.
Use of both identified and unidentified reference samples provides some of the quality assurance data necessary to ensure the continuing accuracy of chemical analyses obtained to support the Survey's basic water-data collection and research program activities.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quality Assurance for Environmental Measurements","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Quality Assurance for Environmental Measurements","conferenceDate":"Aug 8-12, 1983","conferenceLocation":"Boulder, CO, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASTM","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA, USA","doi":"10.1520/STP30311S","issn":"","isbn":"","usgsCitation":"Janzer, V.J., 1985, The use of natural waters as U.S. Geological Survey reference samples, in Quality Assurance for Environmental Measurements, Boulder, CO, USA, Aug 8-12, 1983, p. 319-333, https://doi.org/10.1520/STP30311S.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"319","endPage":"333","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220423,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbb7fe4b08c986b32866b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Janzer, Victor J.","contributorId":36119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janzer","given":"Victor","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013535,"text":"70013535 - 1985 - ROLE OF SUSPENDED SEDIMENT IN SHORE-NORMAL BEACH PROFILE CHANGES.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:38","indexId":"70013535","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"ROLE OF SUSPENDED SEDIMENT IN SHORE-NORMAL BEACH PROFILE CHANGES.","docAbstract":"Field measurements of suspended sediment-transport were made across a dissipative surf zone during a storm. A correlation between high suspended mass in the water column and periods of onshore flow caused a net onshore transport of suspended sediment even though the mean near-bottom flow was directed offshore. The observed onshore migration of a nearshore bar was predicted by gradients in the cross-shore suspended-sediment transport.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Coastal Engineering Conference","conferenceTitle":"Nineteenth Coastal Engineering Conference, Proceedings of the International Conference.","conferenceLocation":"Houston, TX, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, USA","isbn":"0872624382","usgsCitation":"Jaffe, B.E., Sternberg, R.W., and Sallgenger, A.H., 1985, ROLE OF SUSPENDED SEDIMENT IN SHORE-NORMAL BEACH PROFILE CHANGES., in Proceedings of the Coastal Engineering Conference, v. 2, Houston, TX, USA, p. 1983-1996.","startPage":"1983","endPage":"1996","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219924,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a936ce4b0c8380cd80de4","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Edge, Billy L.","contributorId":64575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edge","given":"Billy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508495,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce E. 0000-0002-8816-5920 bjaffe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-5920","contributorId":2049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce","email":"bjaffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":366289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sternberg, Richard W.","contributorId":101005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sternberg","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sallgenger, Asbury H.","contributorId":6581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sallgenger","given":"Asbury","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013076,"text":"70013076 - 1985 - Origin of caves and other solution openings in the unsaturated (vadose) zone of carbonate rocks: A model for CO2 generation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-09T19:28:50","indexId":"70013076","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origin of caves and other solution openings in the unsaturated (vadose) zone of carbonate rocks: A model for CO2 generation","docAbstract":"The enigma that caves and other solution openings form in carbonate rocks at great depths below land surface rather than forming from the surface downward can be explained by the generation of CO2 within the aquifer system. In the proposed model, CO2 is generated by the oxidation of particulate and/or dissolved organic carbon that is transported from the land surface deep into the unsaturated zone by recharging ground water. The organic material is oxidized to CO2 by aerobic bacteria utilizing oxygen that diffuses in from the atmosphere. Because gas transport in the unsaturated zone is controlled largely by diffusion, steady-state generation of even minute amounts of CO2 deep in the unsaturated zone results in the creation of large concentrations of CO2 at depth as it establishes a concentration gradient to the surface or other sink.
","language":"English","publisher":"GSW","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1985)13<822:OOCAOS>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Wood, W., 1985, Origin of caves and other solution openings in the unsaturated (vadose) zone of carbonate rocks: A model for CO2 generation: Geology, v. 13, no. 11, p. 822-824, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1985)13<822:OOCAOS>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"822","endPage":"824","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":220513,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a70c7e4b0c8380cd76240","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, W.W.","contributorId":21974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013384,"text":"70013384 - 1985 - AQUATIC PHOTOLYSIS OF OXY-ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ADSORBED ON GOETHITE.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:17","indexId":"70013384","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"AQUATIC PHOTOLYSIS OF OXY-ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ADSORBED ON GOETHITE.","docAbstract":"Organic materials that will not absorb light at wavelengths longer than 295 nanometers (the solar wavelength cutoff) may nevertheless, undergo electron transfer reactions initiated by light. These reactions occur when the organic materials are adsorbed as ligand complexes to the surface of iron oxy-hydroxide (goethite). The adsorbed materials can be either inner or outer coordination sphere complexes. Goethite was chosen as the iron oxyhydroxide surface because it has the highest thermodynamic stability of any of the oxyhydroxides in water and it can be synthesized easily, with high purity.","largerWorkTitle":"National Meeting - American Chemical Society, Division of Environmental Chemistry","conferenceTitle":"189th National Meeting - American Chemical Society, Division of Environmental Chemistry, Volume 25 Number 1.","conferenceLocation":"Miami, FL, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC, USA","issn":"02703009","usgsCitation":"Goldberg, M.C., 1985, AQUATIC PHOTOLYSIS OF OXY-ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ADSORBED ON GOETHITE., in National Meeting - American Chemical Society, Division of Environmental Chemistry, v. 25, no. 1, Miami, FL, USA, p. 317-320.","startPage":"317","endPage":"320","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219851,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e633e4b0c8380cd4723d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldberg, Marvin C.","contributorId":26066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldberg","given":"Marvin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013488,"text":"70013488 - 1985 - WATER INFORMATION AVAILABLE FROM THE U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:37","indexId":"70013488","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"WATER INFORMATION AVAILABLE FROM THE U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.","docAbstract":"As a part of the Geological Survey's program of releasing water data to the public, two large-scale computerized systems are maintained. The National Water Data Storage and Retrieval System was developed to provide more effective and efficient management of data-releasing activities and provides for the processing, storage, and retrieval of surface-water, ground-water and water-quality data. Another service available is providing assistance to users of water data to identify, locate, and acquire needed data. This service is provided by the National Water Data Exchange, which has the mission to identify sources of water data and to provide the connection between those who acquire and those who use water data.","conferenceTitle":"Computer Applications in Water Resources, Proceedings of the ASCE Specialty Conference.","conferenceLocation":"Buffalo, NY, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, USA","isbn":"0872624676","usgsCitation":"Showen, C.R., 1985, WATER INFORMATION AVAILABLE FROM THE U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY., Computer Applications in Water Resources, Proceedings of the ASCE Specialty Conference., Buffalo, NY, USA, p. 364-372.","startPage":"364","endPage":"372","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220312,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc38ee4b08c986b32b246","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Showen, Charles R.","contributorId":105717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Showen","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013489,"text":"70013489 - 1985 - EFFECT OF SANTA ROSA LAKE ON GROUND WATER FLOW TO THE PECOS RIVER, NEW MEXICO.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:37","indexId":"70013489","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"EFFECT OF SANTA ROSA LAKE ON GROUND WATER FLOW TO THE PECOS RIVER, NEW MEXICO.","docAbstract":"In 1980, Santa Rosa Dam began impounding water on the Pecos River about 7 miles (11 kilometers) north of Santa Rosa, New Mexico, to provide flood control and storage for irrigation. Santa Rosa Lake has caused changes in the ground water flow system, which may cause changes in the streamflow of the Pecos River that cannot be detected at the present streamflow-gaging stations, which are used to administer water rights along the Pecos River. The effect of the lake on streamflow was investigated using a three-dimensional ground water flow model. These simulations indicated that the net change in ground water flow to the river would be almost zero if the lake were maintained at its flood control pool for 90 days.","conferenceTitle":"Development and Management Aspects of Irrigation and Drainage Systems.","conferenceLocation":"San Antonio, TX, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, USA","isbn":"0872624722","usgsCitation":"Risser, D.W., 1985, EFFECT OF SANTA ROSA LAKE ON GROUND WATER FLOW TO THE PECOS RIVER, NEW MEXICO., Development and Management Aspects of Irrigation and Drainage Systems., San Antonio, TX, USA, p. 469-476.","startPage":"469","endPage":"476","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220313,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0456e4b0c8380cd50901","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Risser, Dennis W. 0000-0001-9597-5406 dwrisser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9597-5406","contributorId":898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risser","given":"Dennis","email":"dwrisser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":366170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013479,"text":"70013479 - 1985 - TEMPERATURE VARIATION WITH TIME IN A PERENNIALLY BOILING WELL IN THE LONG VALLEY CALDERA, MONO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA; OBSERVATIONS IN CHANCE NO. 1 (1976-1983).","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:38","indexId":"70013479","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"TEMPERATURE VARIATION WITH TIME IN A PERENNIALLY BOILING WELL IN THE LONG VALLEY CALDERA, MONO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA; OBSERVATIONS IN CHANCE NO. 1 (1976-1983).","docAbstract":"Chance No. 1 was drilled to a depth of 245. 4 m and cased to a depth of 72. 2 m in 1961. Temperature logs were obtained in 1976, 1982, and 1983, with the casing open to the atmosphere. Water was boiling at the surface of the fluid column on each occasion. Temperatures within the upper part of the cased interval remained virtually identical over the 7-year period. The small differences observed can be ascribed to convective motions in the large-diameter casing and the large geothermal gradient. Above a depth of 160 m in the open hole, temperatures have cooled 5 degree -7 degree C over the 7-year period of observation. The shape of the temperature profiles and their variation with time can be explained by an influx of cool water at about 160 m. The cooling rate is much larger between 1982 and 1983 than that between 1982 and 1976, which suggests that earthquake shaking may be a major contributing factor.","largerWorkTitle":"Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council","conferenceTitle":"1985 International Symposium on Geothermal Energy. Geothermal Resources Council 1985 Annual Meeting.","conferenceLocation":"Kailua-Kona, HI, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Geothermal Resources Council","publisherLocation":"Davis, CA, USA","issn":"01935933","isbn":"0934412596","usgsCitation":"Diment, W., Urban, T.C., and Nathenson, M., 1985, TEMPERATURE VARIATION WITH TIME IN A PERENNIALLY BOILING WELL IN THE LONG VALLEY CALDERA, MONO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA; OBSERVATIONS IN CHANCE NO. 1 (1976-1983)., in Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council, v. 9, no. pt 1, Kailua-Kona, HI, USA, p. 417-422.","startPage":"417","endPage":"422","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220202,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"pt 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba37ce4b08c986b31fd0b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Diment, W.H.","contributorId":54992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diment","given":"W.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Urban, T. C.","contributorId":49788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urban","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nathenson, Manuel 0000-0002-5216-984X mnathnsn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5216-984X","contributorId":1358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nathenson","given":"Manuel","email":"mnathnsn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":366153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013359,"text":"70013359 - 1985 - Hydrologic changes associated with the October 28, 1983, Idaho earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:38","indexId":"70013359","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3209,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic changes associated with the October 28, 1983, Idaho earthquake","docAbstract":"Significant hydrologic changes were observed after the magnitude 7.3 earthquake that occurred on October 28, 1983, in central Idaho. Groundwater levels rose by as much as 3 meters near the epicenter. Discharge in many streams and springs increased, in some instances by more than 100%. One warm spring ceased flowing for several days; the flow then resumed and peaked at about nine times its original rate. Available data show no significant changes in water quality following the earthquake. ?? 1985 Birkha??user Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Birkha??user-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00874599","issn":"00334553","usgsCitation":"Whitehead, R., Harper, R., and Sisco, H., 1985, Hydrologic changes associated with the October 28, 1983, Idaho earthquake: Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH, v. 122, no. 2-4, p. 280-293, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00874599.","startPage":"280","endPage":"293","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205022,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00874599"},{"id":220249,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"122","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3577e4b0c8380cd5ff40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitehead, R.L.","contributorId":34891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitehead","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harper, R.W.","contributorId":36104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harper","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sisco, H.G.","contributorId":54185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sisco","given":"H.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013336,"text":"70013336 - 1985 - U. S. G. S. MODULAR GROUND-WATER FLOW MODEL: DESIGNED TO BE UNDERSTOOD AND ADAPTED.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:39","indexId":"70013336","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"U. S. G. S. MODULAR GROUND-WATER FLOW MODEL: DESIGNED TO BE UNDERSTOOD AND ADAPTED.","docAbstract":"The paper discusses a carefully designed model program and its complementary complete description of all of the physical and mathematical concepts used in the model. The model program consists of a series of independent subroutines called modules. Modules are grouped by hydrologic function into 'packages. ' A report describing the model was written in three levels. At one level the hydrologic concepts on which the model is based are explained. The second level describes how the concepts were incorporated into the program. The third level describes specific modules in sufficient depth to permit modifications to the model.","conferenceTitle":"Hydraulics and Hydrology in the Small Computer Age, Proceedings of the Specialty Conference.","conferenceLocation":"Lake Buena Vista, FL, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, USA","isbn":"0872624749","usgsCitation":"McDonald, M.G., and Harbaugh, A.W., 1985, U. S. G. S. MODULAR GROUND-WATER FLOW MODEL: DESIGNED TO BE UNDERSTOOD AND ADAPTED., Hydraulics and Hydrology in the Small Computer Age, Proceedings of the Specialty Conference., Lake Buena Vista, FL, USA, p. 1225-1230.","startPage":"1225","endPage":"1230","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219909,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb9e5e4b08c986b327eb8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McDonald, Michael G.","contributorId":47352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harbaugh, Arlen W. harbaugh@usgs.gov","contributorId":426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harbaugh","given":"Arlen","email":"harbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":365837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013329,"text":"70013329 - 1985 - APPLICATION OF THE AERIAL PROFILING OF TERRAIN SYSTEM.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:30","indexId":"70013329","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"APPLICATION OF THE AERIAL PROFILING OF TERRAIN SYSTEM.","docAbstract":"The U. S. Geological Survey has completed the performance evaluation flight tests of the Aerial Profiling of Terrain System (APTS) and is now performing a series of application tests to determine its effectiveness and efficiency as an earth-science data collection tool. These tests are designed to evaluate the APTS at such tasks as positioning water wells, testing reliability of older maps, measuring elevations of kettle ponds, and profiling stream valleys for flood studies. The results of three application tests in Massachusetts are discussed: positioning water wells and measuring elevations along the Charles River; testing four older 1:24,000-scale quadrangle maps in the Plymouth area; and measuring elevations of several hundred kettle ponds near the Cape Cod Canal.","largerWorkTitle":"Technical Papers of the American Congress of Surveying and Mapping","conferenceTitle":"Technical Papers, 45th Annual Meeting - ACSM: Theodolite to Satellite. Papers presented at the 1985 ASP-ACSM Convention (American Society of Photogrammetry).","conferenceLocation":"Washington, DC, USA","language":"English","publisher":"American Congress on Surveying & Mapping","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA, USA","issn":"07483244","usgsCitation":"Cyran, E.J., 1985, APPLICATION OF THE AERIAL PROFILING OF TERRAIN SYSTEM., in Technical Papers of the American Congress of Surveying and Mapping, Washington, DC, USA.","startPage":"498","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220641,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e631e4b0c8380cd47229","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cyran, Edward J.","contributorId":75156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cyran","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013551,"text":"70013551 - 1985 - RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN HYDROLOGIC INSTRUMENTATION.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:36","indexId":"70013551","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN HYDROLOGIC INSTRUMENTATION.","docAbstract":"The availability of space-age materials and implementation of state-of-the-art electronics is making possible the recent developments of hydrologic instrumentation. Material developments include: Synthetic-fiber sounding and tag lines; fiberglass wading rod; polymer (plastic) sheaves, pulleys and sampler components; and polymer (plastic) bucket wheels for current meters. These materials are very cost effective and efficient. Electromechanical and electronic developments and applications include: adaptable data acquisition system; downhole sampler for hazardous substances; current-meter digitizer; hydraulic power/drive system for discharge measurements and water-quality sampling; non-contact water-level sensors; minimum data recorder; acoustic velocity meters, and automated current meter discharge-measurement system.","conferenceTitle":"Hydraulics and Hydrology in the Small Computer Age, Proceedings of the Specialty Conference.","conferenceLocation":"Lake Buena Vista, FL, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, USA","isbn":"0872624749","usgsCitation":"Latkovich, V.J., 1985, RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN HYDROLOGIC INSTRUMENTATION., Hydraulics and Hydrology in the Small Computer Age, Proceedings of the Specialty Conference., Lake Buena Vista, FL, USA, p. 1442-1446.","startPage":"1442","endPage":"1446","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220102,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9330e4b0c8380cd80c69","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Latkovich, Vito J.","contributorId":84833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Latkovich","given":"Vito","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013559,"text":"70013559 - 1985 - GAS HYDRATES AT TWO SITES OF AN ACTIVE CONTINENTAL MARGIN.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:36","indexId":"70013559","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"GAS HYDRATES AT TWO SITES OF AN ACTIVE CONTINENTAL MARGIN.","docAbstract":"Sediment containing gas hydrates from two distant Deep Sea Drilling Project sites (565 and 568), located about 670 km apart on the landward flank of the Middle America Trench, was studied to determine the geochemical conditions that characterize the occurrence of gas hydrates. Site 565 was located in the Pacific Ocean offshore the Nicoya Peninsula of Costa Rica in 3,111 m of water. The depth of the hole at this site was 328 m, and gas hydrates were recovered from 285 and 319 m. Site 568 was located about 670 km to the northwest offshore Guatemala in 2,031 m of water. At this site the hole penetrated to 418 m, and gas hydrates were encountered at 404 m.","largerWorkTitle":"Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, (Paper) SPE","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings, 55th Annual California Regional Meeting - Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME.","conferenceLocation":"Bakersfield, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Soc of Petroleum Engineers of AIME","publisherLocation":"USA SPE 13592, Richardson, TX, USA","usgsCitation":"Kvenvolden, K., 1985, GAS HYDRATES AT TWO SITES OF AN ACTIVE CONTINENTAL MARGIN., in Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, (Paper) SPE, Bakersfield, CA, USA, p. 23-29.","startPage":"23","endPage":"29","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220264,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1443e4b0c8380cd54989","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kvenvolden, K.A.","contributorId":80674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvenvolden","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013561,"text":"70013561 - 1985 - PRESENT STATE OF THE HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM IN LONG VALLEY CALDERA, CALIFORNIA.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:37","indexId":"70013561","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"PRESENT STATE OF THE HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM IN LONG VALLEY CALDERA, CALIFORNIA.","docAbstract":"Results of test drilling to depths of 2 km and data on the chemical and isotopic content of waters from hot springs and fumaroles permit a conceptual model of the present-day hydrothermal system in Long Valley caldera to be delineated. The model consists of two principal zones in which hot water flows laterally from west to east at depths less than 1 km within and around the resurgent dome. Maximum measured temperatures within these zones are near 170 degree C, but estimates from chemical geothermometers and extrapolation of a high temperature gradient measured in a recent drill hole indicate that a source reservoir at temperatures near 240 degree C may exist at greater depths in the Bishop Tuff beneath the west moat.","largerWorkTitle":"Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council","conferenceTitle":"1985 International Symposium on Geothermal Energy. Geothermal Resources Council 1985 Annual Meeting.","conferenceLocation":"Kailua-Kona, HI, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Geothermal Resources Council","publisherLocation":"Davis, CA, USA","issn":"01935933","isbn":"0934412596","usgsCitation":"Sorey, M.L., 1985, PRESENT STATE OF THE HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM IN LONG VALLEY CALDERA, CALIFORNIA., in Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council, v. 9, no. pt 1, Kailua-Kona, HI, USA, p. 485-490.","startPage":"485","endPage":"490","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220266,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"pt 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7375e4b0c8380cd77047","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sorey, Michael L.","contributorId":20726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorey","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013148,"text":"70013148 - 1985 - Dissolution of alkaline earth sulfates in the presence of montmorillonite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-19T10:49:50","indexId":"70013148","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dissolution of alkaline earth sulfates in the presence of montmorillonite","docAbstract":"In a study of the effect of montmorillonite on the dissolution of BaSO4 (barite), SrSO4 (celestite), and 226Ra from U mill tailings, it was found that: (1) More of these substances dissolve in an aqueous system that contains montmorillonite than dissolve in a similar system without clay, due to the ion exchange properties of the clay; (2) Na-montmorillonite is more effective in aiding dissolution than is Ca-montmorillonite; (3) the amount of Ra that moves from mill tailings to an exchanger increases as solution sulfate activity decreases. Leaching experiments suggest that 226Ra from H2SO4-circuit U mill tailings from Edgemont, South Dakota, is not present as pure Ra sulfate or as an impurity in anhydrite or gypsum; it is less soluble, and probably occurs as a trace constituent in barite.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF00568389","issn":"00496979","usgsCitation":"Eberl, D.D., and Landa, E.R., 1985, Dissolution of alkaline earth sulfates in the presence of montmorillonite: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 25, no. 2, p. 207-214, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00568389.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"207","endPage":"214","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":220571,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a022de4b0c8380cd4ff13","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eberl, D. D.","contributorId":66282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberl","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landa, Edward R. erlanda@usgs.gov","contributorId":2112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landa","given":"Edward","email":"erlanda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":779758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013268,"text":"70013268 - 1985 - GAINS AND LOSSES OF COMMINGLED WATERS IN A STREAM.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:25","indexId":"70013268","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"GAINS AND LOSSES OF COMMINGLED WATERS IN A STREAM.","docAbstract":"In a legal dispute in the State of Washington (Colville Confederated Tribes vs. Boyd Walton, Jr. , Farmer), it became necessary to determine the proportion of transmission losses sustained by developed water that was commingled with native water in a natural stream channel. Ground-water pumping and irrigation adjacent to the stream resulted in both gains and losses to flow along the study reach. The identification of the native and developed waters was accomplished by a detailed study of the reach that combined current-meter measurements with an analysis of the dilution of an injected brine.","conferenceTitle":"Development and Management Aspects of Irrigation and Drainage Systems.","conferenceLocation":"San Antonio, TX, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, USA","isbn":"0872624722","usgsCitation":"Nish, M., 1985, GAINS AND LOSSES OF COMMINGLED WATERS IN A STREAM., Development and Management Aspects of Irrigation and Drainage Systems., San Antonio, TX, USA, p. 114-122.","startPage":"114","endPage":"122","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219843,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a143ae4b0c8380cd5496a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nish, Mac","contributorId":56792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nish","given":"Mac","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":25586,"text":"wri854183 - 1985 - Hydrologic and geochemical monitoring in Long Valley caldera, Mono County, California, 1982-1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-13T20:24:01.164925","indexId":"wri854183","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4183","title":"Hydrologic and geochemical monitoring in Long Valley caldera, Mono County, California, 1982-1984","docAbstract":"The Long Valley caldera is a potentially active volcanic area on the eastern side of the Sierra Nevada in east-central California. Hydrologic and geochemical monitoring of surface and subsurface features began in July 1982 to determine if changes were occurring in response to processes causing earthquakes and crustal deformation. Differences since 1982 in fluid chemistry of springs has been minor except at Casa Diablo, where rapid fluctuations in chemistry result from near surface boiling and mixing. Ratios of 3He/4He and 13C/12C in hot springs and fumaroles are consistent with a magnetic source for some of the carbon and helium discharged in thermal areas, and observed changes in 3He/4He between 1978 and 1984 suggest changes in the magmatic component. Significant fluctuations in hot spring discharge recorded at several sites since 1982 closely followed earthquake activity.
Water levels in wells have been used as strain meters to detect rock deformation associated with magmatic and tectonic activity and to construct a water table contour map. Coseismic water level fluctuations of as much as 0.6 ft have been observed but no clear evidence of deformation caused by magmatic intrusions can be seen in the well records through 1984. Temperature profiles in wells, which can be used to delineate regionally continuous zones of lateral flow of hot water across parts of the caldera, have remained constant at all but two sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854183","usgsCitation":"Farrar, C.D., Sorey, M., Rojstaczer, S., Janik, C.J., Mariner, R.H., Winnett, T.L., and Clark, M.D., 1985, Hydrologic and geochemical monitoring in Long Valley caldera, Mono County, California, 1982-1984: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4183, Report: ix, 137 p.; 2 Plates: 30.75 x 21.36 inches and 30.63 x 21.71 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854183.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 137 p.; 2 Plates: 30.75 x 21.36 inches and 30.63 x 21.71 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":415732,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36337.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":123638,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4183/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54328,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4183/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54326,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4183/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54327,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4183/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Mono County","otherGeospatial":"Long Valley caldera","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.079,\n 37.767\n ],\n [\n -119.079,\n 37.583\n ],\n [\n -118.645,\n 37.583\n ],\n [\n -118.645,\n 37.767\n ],\n [\n -119.079,\n 37.767\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db683c71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farrar, C. D.","contributorId":71978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrar","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sorey, M.L.","contributorId":73185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorey","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rojstaczer, S.","contributorId":92709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rojstaczer","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Janik, C. J.","contributorId":10795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janik","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mariner, Robert H.","contributorId":81075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mariner","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Winnett, T. L.","contributorId":27095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winnett","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Clark, M. D.","contributorId":25202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70012717,"text":"70012717 - 1985 - Paleoclimate controls on late paleozoic sedimentation and peat formation in the central appalachian basin (U.S.A.)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-24T01:22:31.937542","indexId":"70012717","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleoclimate controls on late paleozoic sedimentation and peat formation in the central appalachian basin (U.S.A.)","docAbstract":"In the central Appalachian basin, at least two major climate changes affected sedimentation during the late Paleozoic. Stratigraphically, these two changes are indicated by the distribution of coal beds, the variation in coal quality, and the variation in rock lithologies. In latest Mississippian or earliest Pennsylvanian time, the climate changed from dry-seasonal tropical to ever-wet (equable) tropical. The equable climate prevailed into the Middle Pennsylvanian, influencing the morphology and geochemistry in peat-forming environments. Many of the peat deposits, which formed under the equable climate, were probably domed (raised bogs); low concentrations of dissolved solids in peat formation water resulted in low buffering capacity. Organic acids caused acidic (pH < 4), antiseptic conditions that resulted in intense leaching of mineral matter, minimal degradation of organic matter, and low-ash and low-sulfur peat deposits; the resulting coal beds are also low in ash and sulfur. Associated rocks are noncalcareous and consist of sequences of interbedded shale, siltstone, and sandstone including quartz arenite.
Another climate change occurred in late Middle Pennsylvanian time when evapopation periodically exceeded rainfall resulting in an increase of both dissolved solids and pH (4 to ∼ 7) in surface and near-surface water. Throughout the remainder of the Pennsylvanian, the surfaces of peat deposits were probably planar (not domed); water in peat-forming and other depositional environments became more nearly neutral. The coal beds derived from these peats are highly variable in both ash and sulfur contents. Drier or more seasonal climates are also indicated by sequences of (1) calcareous sandstone and shale, (2) nonmarine limestone that shows shallow-water and subaerial exposure features, and (3) calcareous paleosols that have caliche characteristics.
Our data and observations indicate that physical depositional environment models for the origin of coal do not adequately explain variations in mineral matter content and composition in commercial quality coal beds in the central Appalachian basin. Stratigraphic variation in mineral matter in coal beds, and in syngenetic and early diagenetic minerals in rocks associated with the coal beds, appears to be better explained by changes in geochemical conditions of nonmarine sedimentation. Paleoclimate was a principle control on these geochemical conditions.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Texas Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Carr, J.E., Meyer, W., Sandeen, W., and McLane, I.R., 1985, Digital models for simulation of ground-water hydrology of the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers along the Gulf Coast of Texas: Texas Department of Water Resources Report 289, 101 p.","productDescription":"101 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326696,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b58ac3e4b03bcb0104bb80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carr, J. E.","contributorId":49373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meyer, W.R.","contributorId":81141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sandeen, W.M.","contributorId":102488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandeen","given":"W.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McLane, I. R.","contributorId":173782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLane","given":"I.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":25517,"text":"wri844192 - 1985 - Geochemical processes in the Gascoyne Lignite Mining Area, Bowman County, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-18T12:53:53","indexId":"wri844192","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4192","title":"Geochemical processes in the Gascoyne Lignite Mining Area, Bowman County, North Dakota","docAbstract":"The publication has been withdrawn because it contained errors or contained information that could not be verified for accuracy.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri844192","collaboration":"The publication has been withdrawn because it contained errors or contained information that could not be verified for accuracy.","usgsCitation":"Fisher, D.W., Thorstenson, D.C., Croft, M.G., and Houghton, R.L., 1985, Geochemical processes in the Gascoyne Lignite Mining Area, Bowman County, North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4192, v, 80 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844192.","productDescription":"v, 80 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":343981,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6adf01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fisher, D. W.","contributorId":127082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":522983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thorstenson, D. C.","contributorId":127190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorstenson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":522984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Croft, M. G.","contributorId":127310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Croft","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":522986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Houghton, R. L.","contributorId":127282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houghton","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":522985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70013046,"text":"70013046 - 1985 - Limnocythere bradburyi n.sp.: a modern ostracode from central Mexico and a possible Quaternary paleoclimatic indicator","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-21T11:20:27.045129","indexId":"70013046","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2412,"text":"Journal of Paleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Limnocythere bradburyi n.sp.: a modern ostracode from central Mexico and a possible Quaternary paleoclimatic indicator","docAbstract":"Limnocythere bradburyi is a new species of nonmarine ostracode that is living in several lakes in the central Mexican Plateau. These lakes are shallow, turbid, and pan-shaped, having relatively unstable and fluid substrates. Water levels of these lakes are high in the summer and low or dry in the winter. These lakes usually contain fresh to slightly saline water during the rainy season (summer-fall) and slightly saline water during the dry season (winter-spring), and have solute composition that is dominated by Na+, HCO3--CO32-, Cl- ions. The regional climate is characterized as humid temperate with mild equitable temperatures throughout the year. Winter temperatures are usually above 0oC, whereas summer temperatures are commonly below 30oC. The water temperature of the lakes containing L. bradburyi generally reflects atmospheric temperatures. The ostracode's life cycle coincides with the climatic wet cycle and is therefore completed during the warmest period of the year, which is in marked contrast to ostracodes living in lakes in the US and Canada that usually begin their life cycle with the spring rain and snow melt in cold water and complete their life cycle in warm water. This contrasting climatic life-cycle pattern between central Mexico and the US may be sufficient to explain why L. bradburyi occurs commonly in many Quaternary deposits in the southwestern US, but has not been found living in the US.
","language":"English","publisher":"Paleontological Society","issn":"00223360","usgsCitation":"Forester, R.M., 1985, Limnocythere bradburyi n.sp.: a modern ostracode from central Mexico and a possible Quaternary paleoclimatic indicator: Journal of Paleontology, v. 59, no. 1, p. 8-20.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"8","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":430406,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/1304823"},{"id":220121,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4797e4b0c8380cd678e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Forester, R. M.","contributorId":76332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forester","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}