Biocrusts are critical biological components of drylands and play an important role in soil carbon (C) cycling. However, the effect of biocrusts on soil CO2 exchange across global gradients of temperature and moisture is poorly understood. Moreover, their response to climate change remains highly uncertain. Bayesian hierarchical meta-analyses were performed on 47 published studies to quantify the impact of biocrusts on net soil exchange (NSE) of carbon- the difference between respiration and photosynthesis. Meta-analyses were also used on 23 studies to examine the effects of experimental warming on NSE in biocrusts. Meta-regressions further explored the thermal and wetness sensitivities of biocrust NSE and potential adaptation of biocrust responses to climate change. The development of biocrusts in dryland soils significantly increased NSE by 66.5 [22.2, 112.2] g C m−2yr−1, despite seasonal fluctuations, indicating a net loss of carbon to the atmosphere. Experimental warming, on average, increased biocrust NSE by 22.9 [-0.1, 40.8] g C m−2yr−1 per °C. However, across the spatial climate gradient, aridity limited the effects of warming, while high temperature decreased the thermal sensitivity of biocrust NSE, thus supporting the thermal adaptation of biocrusts. These results emphasize the critical role of biocrusts in modulating soil carbon exchange in response to climate warming across drylands, with particularly high thermal sensitivity in cool and moist regions. This highlights the need to incorporate biocrusts into global carbon budgets and models for a comprehensive understanding of their impact on the carbon cycle.
Nutrients acquired by ducks on spring migratory stopover areas influence survival and subsequent reproduction. Accordingly, wetland loss and degradation on stopover areas can lead to reduced refueling efficiency and have demographic consequences. Lipid metabolite concentrations in blood provide a useful index of daily mass change in wild birds and can be used to make inferences about quality of stopover areas for refueling. We experimentally validated a model that uses lipid metabolites to predict daily mass change, and then we used those predictions to make inferences about foraging habitat quality for Canvasbacks (Aythya valisineria) at important stopover sites of the upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers, USA. We measured plasma lipid metabolites and daily mass change of 60 wild Canvasbacks held in short-term captivity and subjected to feeding and fasting treatments. Respectively, triglyceride and β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations were positively and negatively related to mass change (R2 = 0.58). On average, Canvasbacks collected experimentally across our study area had positive index values indicating sufficient forage resources to allow energy acquisition. However, predicted daily mass increases were greater at more northerly pools of the Mississippi River (Pools 7–8 and 13) compared to more southerly locations (Pool 19 of the Mississippi River and the Illinois River Valley), which was likely due, in part, to more abundant submerged aquatic vegetation at more northerly pools. Our results affirm that lipid metabolites are useful predictors of daily mass change that in turn can provide inferences about habitat quality. Lower daily mass increases of Canvasbacks at Pool 19 are concerning because that area is considered a critically important spring stopover area for migratory diving ducks. Considering the challenges of managing large rivers for multiple uses, targeting restoration of wetlands isolated or isolatable from river systems could provide stopover areas with necessary forage for optimal mass gain.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Accademic","doi":"10.1093/ornithapp/duad058","usgsCitation":"Bouton, A., Anteau, M.J., Smith, E.J., Hagy, H., Lancasster, J., and Jacques, C., 2024, Lipid metabolites index habitat quality for Canvasbacks on stopover areas during spring migration: Ornithological Applications, v. 126, no. 1, duad058, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duad058.","productDescription":"duad058, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-108554","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441075,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duad058","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":425600,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, 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Christopher","contributorId":334063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jacques","given":"Christopher","affiliations":[{"id":49637,"text":"Western Illinois University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":894623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70250851,"text":"70250851 - 2024 - Permethrin contamination of sawgrass marshes and potential risk for the imperiled Klot’s skipper butterfly (Euphyes pilatka klotsi)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-25T14:58:18.304756","indexId":"70250851","displayToPublicDate":"2023-11-03T10:52:55","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Permethrin contamination of sawgrass marshes and potential risk for the imperiled Klot’s skipper butterfly (Euphyes pilatka klotsi)","title":"Permethrin contamination of sawgrass marshes and potential risk for the imperiled Klot’s skipper butterfly (Euphyes pilatka klotsi)","docAbstract":"Nontarget effects from mosquito control operations are possible in habitats adjacent to areas targeted by ultra-low-volume (ULV) sprays of permethrin for adult mosquito control. We assessed the risks of permethrin exposure to butterflies, particularly the imperiled Klot's skipper, when exposed to ground-based ULV sprays. Samples of larval host plant leaves (sawgrass) were collected in June (in mosquito season) and January (outside mosquito season) of 2015 from sawgrass marsh habitats of the National Key Deer Wildlife Refuge (Big Pine Key, FL, USA) and analyzed for permethrin. Permethrin detection was higher in June (detected on 70% of samples) than in January (30%), and concentrations were significantly higher in June (geomean = 2.1 ng/g, median = 2.4) relative to January (0.4 ng/g, median = 0.2). Dietary risk for 4th to 5th-instar larvae was low based on the measured residues. The AGricultural DISPersal model (Ver. 8.26) was used to estimate permethrin residues on sawgrass following ULV sprays (deposited residues) to estimate immediate postspray risk. Estimated deposited residues (33–543 ng/g) were much higher than measured residues, which leads to a higher risk likelihood for butterfly larvae immediately after ULV sprays. The difference between estimated and measured residues, and between the two risk estimations, reflects uncertainty in risk estimates based on the measured residues. Research on modeling deposited pesticide residues following ground-based ULV spray is limited. More research on estimating deposited pesticide residues from truck-mounted ULV sprayers could help reduce uncertainty in the risk predictions for nontarget insects like butterflies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.5783","usgsCitation":"Bargar, T., and Hladik, M.L., 2024, Permethrin contamination of sawgrass marshes and potential risk for the imperiled Klot’s skipper butterfly (Euphyes pilatka klotsi): Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 43, no. 2, p. 267-278, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5783.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"267","endPage":"278","ipdsId":"IP-141093","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441078,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5783","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435093,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9H67E0S","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Permethrin concentrations on sawgrass collected from National Key Deer Refuge in 2015"},{"id":424285,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Big Pine, Cudjoe, Ramrod, and Sugarloaf, Torch Keys","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.33461718466356,\n 24.79227466575655\n ],\n [\n -81.51403842051512,\n 24.73981867577602\n ],\n [\n -81.57174541954949,\n 24.688127172265084\n ],\n [\n -81.54166847308747,\n 24.610424421743517\n ],\n [\n -81.30965306909073,\n 24.621904036517194\n ],\n [\n -81.33461718466356,\n 24.79227466575655\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bargar, Timothy 0000-0001-8588-3436","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8588-3436","contributorId":221918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bargar","given":"Timothy","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hladik, Michelle L. 0000-0002-0891-2712","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0891-2712","contributorId":203857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hladik","given":"Michelle","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70249890,"text":"70249890 - 2024 - Improved computational methods for probabilistic liquefaction hazard analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-04T13:43:45.070558","indexId":"70249890","displayToPublicDate":"2023-11-03T08:42:58","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3418,"text":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improved computational methods for probabilistic liquefaction hazard analysis","docAbstract":"Current procedures for analysis of and design against liquefaction hazards focus primarily on the use of probabilistic ground motions at a single ground-shaking hazard level, with the cyclic loading represented by a peak ground acceleration (PGA) corresponding to a target return period and a single representative moment magnitude Mw. These parameters are typically used in conjunction with deterministic simplified procedures for estimating liquefaction triggering and consequences that largely neglect the considerable uncertainties inherent to liquefaction problems. Motivated by these limitations and the resulting inconsistencies in liquefaction design levels, early methods for probabilistic liquefaction hazard analysis (PLHA) were proposed that incorporate the full ground motion hazard space, integrated with probabilistic liquefaction triggering models. Such methods provide liquefaction factor of safety (FSL) hazard curves for standard penetration test (SPT) data. Recognizing the increased use of higher-resolution cone penetrometer test (CPT) data in engineering analysis and design and the potential computational challenges it presents, an expanded suite of probabilistic triggering models, and wider availability of more detailed seismic hazard data, an improved PLHA computational methodology is presented in this study. The methods described utilize the U.S. Geological Survey National Seismic Hazard Model directly through web services to obtain PGA hazard and disaggregation calculations for any site and average shear wave velocity in the upper 30 m of the site (Vs30) in the conterminous United States, to reconstruct the PGA hazard space for use in PLHA calculations, and to employ array calculations for efficient liquefaction hazard curve estimates for the thousands of CPT measurements in a given profile. The framework presented here is modular in nature, and discussion on the use of alternative models and extension to probabilistic liquefaction consequence evaluation is presented. The importance of appropriate representation of probabilistic liquefaction model uncertainties is also highlighted, along with the impacts of different levels of uncertainty on the PLHA calculation. Finally, a potential roadmap for incorporation of the PLHA framework in seismic provisions is presented, with an illustration of how it can address current limitations and impacts in liquefaction hazard analysis and design.
Connectivity is a foundational concept in ecology and conservation and was the organising theme for the 2022 Annual Meeting of the Southeastern Fishes Council, a professional organisation dedicated to the study and conservation of freshwater fishes native to the southeast region of the United States (US). We introduce a Special Contribution of six papers selected from presentations at that meeting that illustrate perspectives on connections created by fish migration and dispersal, evolved life histories and habitat affinities and interspecific facilitation. Although focused on streams of the southeast US, each of these topics is broadly relevant to freshwater fish conservation, particularly with respect to causes and consequences of migratory fish depletion, population fragmentation and species declines. Many other connections relevant to the ecology and conservation of freshwater fishes remain relatively unexplored but could substantively advance conservation. We highlight the potential that species evolutionary histories, that is connections through time, reconstructed using species distributions and phylogenies may improve predictions of species responses to environmental change. Identifying species interdependencies, including undiscovered interactions that support survival or reproduction, could provide insights into how species losses may cascade as aquatic communities unravel. Finally, efforts to elucidate diverse connections between people and freshwater biodiversity, particularly where fisheries are historic and streams mostly go unnoticed, may prove essential to building public support for conservation measures. A research agenda anchored on ‘biodiversity connections’ has the potential to advance ecological understanding and public engagement, elements essential to conserving freshwater fishes.
Veterinary antibiotics and estrogens are excreted in livestock waste before being applied to agricultural lands as fertilizer, resulting in contamination of soil and adjacent waterways. The objectives of this study were to 1) investigate the degradation kinetics of the VAs sulfamethazine and lincomycin and the estrogens estrone and 17β-estradiol in soil mesocosms, and 2) assess the effect of the phytochemical DIBOA-Glu, secreted in eastern gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides) roots, on antibiotic degradation due to the ability of DIBOA-Glu to facilitate hydrolysis of atrazine in solution assays. Mesocosm soil was a silt loam representing a typical claypan soil in portions of Missouri and the Central United States. Mesocosms (n = 133) were treated with a single target compound (antibiotic concentrations at 125 ng g−1 dw, estrogen concentrations at 1250 ng g−1 dw); a subset of mesocosms treated with antibiotics were also treated with DIBOA-Glu (12,500 ng g−1 dw); all mesocosms were kept at 60% water-filled pore space and incubated at 25 °C in darkness. Randomly chosen mesocosms were destructively sampled in triplicate for up to 96 days. All targeted compounds followed pseudo first-order degradation kinetics in soil. The soil half-life (t0.5) of sulfamethazine ranged between 17.8 and 30.1 d and ranged between 9.37 and 9.90 d for lincomycin. The antibiotics results showed no significant differences in degradation kinetics between treatments with or without DIBOA-Glu. For estrogens, degradation rates of estrone (t0.5 = 4.71–6.08 d) and 17β-estradiol (t0.5 = 5.59–6.03 d) were very similar; however, results showed that estrone was present as a metabolite in the 17β-estradiol treated mesocosms and vice-versa within 24 h. The antibiotics results suggest that sulfamethazine has a greater potential to persist in soil than lincomycin. The interconversion of 17β-estradiol and estrone in soil increased their overall persistence and sustained soil estrogenicity. This study demonstrates the persistence of these compounds in a typical claypan soil representing portions of the Central United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140501","usgsCitation":"Moody, A.H., Lerch, R., Goyle, K., Anderson, S., Mendoza-Cozatl, D., and Alvarez, D.A., 2024, Degradation kinetics of veterinary antibiotics and estrogenic hormones in a claypan soil: Chemosphere, v. 346, 140501, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140501.","productDescription":"140501, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-154423","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140501","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":423262,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"346","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moody, Adam H. 0000-0001-6160-7920","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6160-7920","contributorId":302592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moody","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lerch, Robert N.","contributorId":189360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lerch","given":"Robert N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":889658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goyle, Keith","contributorId":332184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goyle","given":"Keith","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25550,"text":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, Stephen H.","contributorId":204932,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Stephen H.","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mendoza-Cozatl, David","contributorId":302593,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mendoza-Cozatl","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Alvarez, David A. 0000-0002-6918-2709","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6918-2709","contributorId":220763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvarez","given":"David","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70249946,"text":"70249946 - 2024 - Increasing salt marsh elevation using sediment augmentation: Critical insights from surface sediments and sediment cores","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-26T15:53:54.263753","indexId":"70249946","displayToPublicDate":"2023-11-01T06:35:38","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Increasing salt marsh elevation using sediment augmentation: Critical insights from surface sediments and sediment cores","docAbstract":"Sea-level rise is particularly concerning for tidal wetlands that reside within an area with steep topography or are constrained by human development and alteration of sedimentation. Sediment augmentation to increase wetland elevations has been considered as a potential strategy for such areas to prevent wetland loss over the coming decades. However, there is little information on the best approaches and whether adaptive management actions can mimic natural processes to build sea-level rise resilience. In addition, the lack of information on long-term marsh characteristics, processes, and variability can hamper development of effective augmentation strategies. Here, we assess a case study in a southern California marsh to determine the nature of the pre-existing sediments and variability of the site in relation to sediments applied during an augmentation experiment. Although sediment cores revealed natural variations in the grain size and organic content of sediments deposited at the site over the past 1500 years, the applied sediments were markedly coarser in grain size than prehistoric sediments at the site (100% maximum sand versus 76% maximum sand). The rate of the experimental sediment application (25.1 ± 1.09 cm in ~2 months) was also much more rapid than natural accretion rates measured for the site historically. In contrast, post-augmentation sediment accretion rates on the augmentation site have been markedly slower than pre-augmentation rates or current rates on a nearby control site. The mismatch between the characteristics of the applied sediment and thickness of application and the historic conditions are likely strong contributors to the slow initial recovery of vegetation. Sediment augmentation has been shown to be a useful strategy in some marshes, but this case study illustrates that vegetation recovery may be slow if applied sediments are not similar or at a thickness similar to historic conditions. However, testing adaptation strategies to build wetland elevations is important given the long-term risk of habitat loss with sea-level rise. Lessons learned in the case study could be applied elsewhere.
We evaluate the potential performance of the ShakeAlert earthquake early warning system for M 9 megathrust earthquakes in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) using synthetic seismograms from 30 simulated M 9 earthquake scenarios on the Cascadia subduction zone. The timeliness and accuracy of source estimates and effectiveness of ShakeAlert alert contours are evaluated with a station‐based alert classification scheme using an alert threshold equal to the target threshold. We develop a population‐based alert classification method by aligning a population grid with Voronoi diagrams computed from the station locations for each scenario. Using raster statistics, we estimate the PNW population that would receive timely accurate alerts during an offshore M 9 earthquake. We also examine the range of expected warning times with respect to the spatial distribution of the population. Results show that most of the population in our evaluation region could receive alerts with positive warning times for an alert threshold of modified Mercalli intensity (MMI) III, but that late and missed alerts increase because the alert threshold is increased. An average of just under 60% of the population would be alerted for MMI V prior to the arrival of threshold level shaking. Large regions of late and missed alerts for thresholds MMI IV and V are caused by delays in alert updates, inaccurate FinDer source estimates, and undersized alert contours due to magnitude underestimation. We also investigate an alerting strategy where ShakeAlert sends out an alert to the entire evaluation region when the system detects at least an M 8 earthquake along the coast. Because large magnitude offshore earthquakes are rare in Cascadia, overalerting is most likely to occur from an overestimated M 7+ on the Gorda plate. With appropriate criteria to minimize overalerting, this strategy may eliminate all missed and late alerts except at sites close to the epicenter.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120230055","usgsCitation":"Thompson, M., Hartog, J.R., and Wirth, E.A., 2024, A population-based performance evaluation of the ShakeAlert earthquake early warning system for M 9 megathrust earthquakes in the Pacific Northwest, U.S.A.: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 114, no. 2, p. 1103-1123, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120230055.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1103","endPage":"1123","ipdsId":"IP-151213","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482032,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.30115682647909,\n 49.02650372461315\n ],\n [\n -124.96091935412448,\n 49.02650372461315\n ],\n [\n -124.96091935412448,\n 38.79852793406258\n ],\n [\n -120.30115682647909,\n 38.79852793406258\n ],\n [\n -120.30115682647909,\n 49.02650372461315\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"114","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thompson, Mika","contributorId":245851,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"Mika","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hartog, J. Renate","contributorId":171724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hartog","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Renate","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wirth, Erin A. 0000-0002-8592-4442","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8592-4442","contributorId":207853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirth","given":"Erin","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70252622,"text":"70252622 - 2024 - Dam removal cost databases and drivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-01T14:26:56.740565","indexId":"70252622","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-31T09:21:30","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7504,"text":"Final Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"ST-2023-21084 and ENV-2023-002","title":"Dam removal cost databases and drivers","docAbstract":"The United States (U.S.) has over 90,000 dams listed in the National Inventory of Dams that provide vital infrastructure to support water management for municipal and industrial uses including irrigation, hydropower, flood control, navigation, recreation, and habitat, among other uses (NID 2023). The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) operate and maintain approximately 489 and 740 dams, respectively, as well as associated structures which provide flood risk management, navigation, water supply, hydropower, environmental stewardship, fish and wildlife conservation, and recreation benefits. As dams age, structural and operational maintenance investments increase until a time when decisions on whether to rehabilitate, replace, or decommission the dam need to be made. While most dams continue to provide important value even with maintenance requirements, at least 2,000 dams have been removed in the U.S. during the past 110 years, with an upward trend in the last few decades (American Rivers 2023). Decommissioning a dam may be considered when the purpose of the dam is no longer needed or other factors such as dam safety, fish passage, recreation safety, or river restoration goals take higher priority and are more economically feasible for the dam owner long-term.
Dam safety programs, river restoration programs, and asset class management programs need cost estimating methods to consider dam decommissioning when appropriate. Traditional cost estimating approaches in planning stages focus mainly on dam removal construction and may leave out or have uncertainty on important complexities that can have substantial effects on total costs and be critical for project success. As the numbers of dam removal case studies increase, a growing set of cost data has become available (Duda et al. 2023a; Tullos and Bountry 2023; American Rivers 2022). However, total costs vary over five orders of magnitude for similar size dams, and it was unclear why. We evaluated three sets of cost data that had varying level of details regarding elements contributing to dam removal costs reported by project managers working on the dam removal studies and construction means and methods.
We created planning-level cost estimating tools to assist with projects needing to consider the dam removal alternative: (1) new databases of case studies (Duda et al. 2023a; Tullos and Bountry 2023); (2) scoping questions to help determine if complexity cost drivers will be present; (3) machine learning based regression trees to estimate a potential cost range; and (4) a Computation Guide for Cost Estimating that can be used to inform discussions on potential dam removal cost items, quantities, and unit costs (appendix A). The collected data showed that dam height is important but is not a reliable predictor of the removal cost without considering other elements. However, knowing some basic characteristics about the average annual flow and geographic location of the dam site, in addition to dam size, can improve the ability to use past case studies for planning-level cost estimating. By additionally incorporating scoping questions related to sediment removal, mitigation, or other infrastructure, the likelihood of complexity cost drivers and the initial uncertainty of a cost estimate can be further reduced especially for small dams. Applying the Computation Guide for Cost Estimating requires more robust information but helps users reduce cost uncertainty. This step further refines the dam removal objective, removal approach (partial or full; phased or instantaneous), engineering design, construction means and methods, quantities, and unit costs, and results in a quantitative cost estimate.
","language":"English","publisher":"Bureau of Reclamation","collaboration":"Army Corps of Engineers, Bureau of Reclamation, Oregon State University","usgsCitation":"Bountry, J.A., Randle, T.J., Jansen, A., Duda, J.J., Jumani, S., Tullos, D.D., McKay, K., and Bailey, S., 2024, Dam removal cost databases and drivers: Final Report ST-2023-21084 and ENV-2023-002, 60 p.","productDescription":"60 p.","ipdsId":"IP-156982","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":427267,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":427257,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://data.usbr.gov/catalog/7975/item/128527"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bountry, Jennifer A.","contributorId":30114,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bountry","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7183,"text":"U.S. Bureau of Reclamation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":897732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Randle, Timothy J.","contributorId":90994,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Randle","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7183,"text":"U.S. Bureau of Reclamation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":897733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jansen, Alvin","contributorId":317292,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jansen","given":"Alvin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68995,"text":"Technical Service Center, Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, Colorado, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":897734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Duda, Jeffrey J. 0000-0001-7431-8634 jduda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7431-8634","contributorId":148954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jduda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":897735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jumani, Suman 0000-0002-2292-7996","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2292-7996","contributorId":305995,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jumani","given":"Suman","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":66338,"text":"Network for Engineering with Nature, Georgia, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":897736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tullos, Desiree D.","contributorId":176667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tullos","given":"Desiree","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":897737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McKay, Kyle","contributorId":335212,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKay","given":"Kyle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":80343,"text":"Engineer Research and Development Center – Environmental Laboratory, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg, MS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":897738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bailey, Susan","contributorId":317293,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bailey","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68996,"text":"Engineer Research and Development Center - Environmental Laboratory, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg, Mississippi, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":897739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70251333,"text":"70251333 - 2024 - Systematic process for determining field-sampling effort required to know vegetation changes in large, disturbed rangelands where management treatments have been applied","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-07T01:17:06.668798","indexId":"70251333","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-29T19:15:48","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3228,"text":"Rangeland Ecology and Management","onlineIssn":"1551-5028","printIssn":"1550-7424","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Systematic process for determining field-sampling effort required to know vegetation changes in large, disturbed rangelands where management treatments have been applied","docAbstract":"Adequate numbers of replicated, dispersed, and random samples are the basis for reliable sampling inference on resources of concern, particularly vegetation cover across large and heterogenous areas such as rangelands. Tools are needed to predict and assess data precision, specifically the sampling effort required to attain acceptable levels of precision, before and after sampling. We describe and evaluate a flexible and scalable process for assessing the sampling effort requirement for a common monitoring context (responses of rangeland vegetation cover to post-fire restoration treatments), using a custom R script called “SampleRange.” In SampleRange, vegetation cover is estimated from available digital-gridded or field data (e.g., using the satellite-derived cover from the Rangeland Assessment Platform). Next, the sampling effort required to estimate cover with 20% relative standard error (RSE) or to saturate sampling effort is determined using simulations across the environmental gradients in areas of interest to estimate the number of needed plots (“SampleRange quota”). Finally, the SampleRange quota are randomly identified for actual sampling. A 2022 full-cycle trial of SampleRange using the best available digital and prior field data for areas treated after a 2017 wildfire in sagebrush-steppe rangelands revealed that differences in the predicted compared with realized RSEs are inevitable. Future efforts to account for uncertainty in remotely sensed−based vegetative products will enhance tool utility.
Simulations of the natural systems for environmental decision-making typically benefit from a highly parameterized approach (Hunt et al. 2007; Doherty and Hunt 2010), which enhances the flow of information contained in state observations to the parameters and improves application to decision support. However, parameter estimation (PE) with highly parameterized environmental models using traditional approaches (e.g., Doherty and Hunt 2010) is computationally intensive. Attempts at addressing the computational burden include improved computing approaches (e.g., Schreüder 2009; Hunt et al. 2010) and advances in algorithmic approaches (e.g., Tonkin and Doherty 2005; Welter et al. 2012, 2015). Recently, the iterative ensemble smoother (IES) approach (Chen and Oliver 2013; White 2018; White et al. 2020a) has greatly improved the efficiency of the PE calibration process compared to previous algorithms while concurrently providing nonlinear estimates of uncertainty (Hunt et al. 2021).
","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13368","usgsCitation":"Traylor, J.P., Hunt, R., White, J., and Fienen, M., 2024, Effects of auto-adaptive localization on a model calibration using ensemble methods: Groundwater, v. 2, no. 1, p. 140-149, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.13368.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"140","endPage":"149","ipdsId":"IP-149273","costCenters":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467050,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.13368","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":464388,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Traylor, Jonathan P. 0000-0002-2008-1923 jtraylor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2008-1923","contributorId":5322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Traylor","given":"Jonathan","email":"jtraylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":919034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":16118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall J.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":919035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, Jeremy","contributorId":260166,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Jeremy","affiliations":[{"id":52529,"text":"Interra","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fienen, Michael N. 0000-0002-7756-4651","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-4651","contributorId":245632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fienen","given":"Michael N.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":919037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70254765,"text":"70254765 - 2024 - Intestinal lesions and parasites associated with senescence and prespawn mortality in Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-07T16:19:19.170335","indexId":"70254765","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-27T11:14:43","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2286,"text":"Journal of Fish Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Intestinal lesions and parasites associated with senescence and prespawn mortality in Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)","title":"Intestinal lesions and parasites associated with senescence and prespawn mortality in Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)","docAbstract":"Prespawn mortality (PSM) presents a major problem for the recovery of spring Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) populations. In the Willamette River, Oregon, PSM exceeds 90% in some years but factors explaining it are not well understood. We examined intestinal tissue samples using histological slides from over 783 spring Chinook Salmon collected between 2009 and 2021, which included tissues from PSM fish, artificially spawned captive broodstock (BS) and normal river run fish, comprised of trapped (Live) and naturally post-spawned river (RPS) fish collected from the river. We observed degeneration of the intestinal epithelium and loss of villous structure, with concurrent severe enteritis. A natural progression of decline in epithelial integrity (EI) through the summer and fall until spawning and subsequent death was also observed. Live fish exhibited high EI scores (mean = 68%), BS exhibited variable EI scores (35%) and RPS exhibited severe loss of EI (14%). PSM fish exhibited prominent loss of intestinal epithelium with EI scores (13%), very similar to RPS fish, despite having been collected earlier in the year. Hence, we argue that low EI scores are strongly linked with PSM. Ceratonova shasta and Enterocytozoon schreckii were common in all groups, but neither were linked to either PSM or a decline in EI.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jfd.13876","usgsCitation":"Nervino, S., Polley, T., Peterson, J., Schreck, C., Kent, M., and Alexander, J., 2024, Intestinal lesions and parasites associated with senescence and prespawn mortality in Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha): Journal of Fish Diseases, v. 47, no. 2, e13876, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.13876.","productDescription":"e13876, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-154620","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467051,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.13876","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":429655,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nervino, S.","contributorId":337458,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nervino","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Polley, T.","contributorId":337460,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Polley","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schreck, C.B.","contributorId":337463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schreck","given":"C.B.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kent, M.L.","contributorId":337466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kent","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Alexander, J.D.","contributorId":337469,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alexander","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70250286,"text":"70250286 - 2024 - Mountain glaciers influence biogeochemical and ecological characteristics of high-elevation lakes across the northern Rocky Mountains, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-24T17:56:28.082975","indexId":"70250286","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-27T07:20:37","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mountain glaciers influence biogeochemical and ecological characteristics of high-elevation lakes across the northern Rocky Mountains, USA","docAbstract":"Mountain glaciers are retreating rapidly due to climate change, leading to the formation of downstream lakes. However, little is known about the physical and biogeochemical conditions in these lakes across a range of glacial influence. We surveyed alpine lakes fed by both glacial and snowpack meltwaters and those fed by snowpack alone to compare nutrient concentrations, stoichiometry, water clarity, chlorophyll, and zooplankton communities. Total phosphorus (TP) and soluble reactive phosphorus were two times higher in glacial lakes than in non-glacial lakes, while nitrate concentrations were three times higher. However, organic carbon concentrations in glacial lakes were two times lower than in non-glacial lakes. The carbon-to-phosphorus ratio and the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio of lake seston increased with water clarity in glacial lakes, suggesting that turbidity from glacial flour increases light limitation and increases stoichiometric food quality for zooplankton in newly formed lakes. However, chlorophyll a concentrations did not differ between lake types. Through structural equation modeling, we found that glaciers exhibit a bidirectional association with nitrate and TP concentrations, perhaps mediated through landscape vegetation and lake clarity. Zooplankton communities in high-turbidity glacial lakes were largely composed of cyclopoid copepods and rotifers (i.e., non-filter feeders), while non-glacial lakes tended to be dominated by calanoid copepods and cladocerans (i.e., filter feeders). Our results show that glacier-influenced lakes have biogeochemical and ecological characteristics distinct from snow-fed mountain lakes. Sustained studies are needed to assess the dynamics of these unique features as the influence of the alpine cryosphere fades under ongoing climate change.
Seasonal migration, driven by shifts in annual climate cycles and resources, is a key part of the life history and ecology of species across taxonomic groups. By influencing the amount of energy needed to move, external forces such as wind and ocean currents are often key drivers of migratory pathways exposing individuals to varying resources, environmental conditions, and competition pressures impacting individual fitness and population dynamics. Although wildlife movements in connection with wind and ocean currents are relatively well understood, movements within sea-ice fields have been much less studied, despite sea ice being an integral part of polar ecology. Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) in the southern Ross Sea, Antarctica, currently exist at the southernmost edge of their range and undergo the longest (~12,000 km) winter migration known for the species. Within and north of the Ross Sea, the Ross Gyre drives ocean circulation and the large-scale movement of sea ice. We used remotely sensed sea-ice movement data together with geolocation-based penguin movement data to test the hypothesis that penguins use gyre-driven sea-ice movement to aid their migration. We found that penguins traveled greater distances when their movement vectors were aligned with those of sea ice (i.e., ice support) and the amount of ice support received depended on which route a penguin took. We also found that birds that took an eastern route traveled significantly further north in two of the 3 years we examined, coinciding with higher velocities of sea ice in those years. We compare our findings to patterns observed in migrating species that utilize air or water currents for their travel and with other studies showing the importance of ocean/sea-ice circulation patterns to wildlife movement and life history patterns within the Ross Sea. Changes in sea ice may have consequences not only for energy expenditure but, by altering migration and movement pathways, to the ecological interactions that exist in this region.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecy.4196","usgsCitation":"Jongsomjit, D., Lescroël, A., Schmidt, A., Lisovski, S., Ainley, D.G., Hines, E., Elrod, M., Dugger, K., and Ballard, G., 2024, Going with the floe: Sea-ice movement affects distance and destination during Adélie penguin winter movements: Ecology, v. 105, e4196, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4196.","productDescription":"e4196, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-150837","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441096,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4196","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":430041,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -179.9,\n -60\n ],\n [\n -179.9,\n -80\n ],\n [\n -140,\n -80\n ],\n [\n -140,\n -60\n ],\n [\n -179.9,\n -60\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 179.9,\n -60\n ],\n [\n 130,\n -60\n ],\n [\n 130,\n -80\n ],\n [\n 179.9,\n -80\n ],\n [\n 179.9,\n -60\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"105","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jongsomjit, Dennis","contributorId":276370,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jongsomjit","given":"Dennis","affiliations":[{"id":48619,"text":"pbcs","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lescroël, Amelie","contributorId":275177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lescroël","given":"Amelie","affiliations":[{"id":17734,"text":"Point Blue Conservation Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmidt, Annie","contributorId":338340,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Annie","affiliations":[{"id":17734,"text":"Point Blue Conservation Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lisovski, Simeon","contributorId":337936,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lisovski","given":"Simeon","affiliations":[{"id":62783,"text":"Alfred Wegener Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ainley, David G.","contributorId":32039,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ainley","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":34154,"text":"Point Reyes Bird Observatory, Stinson Beach, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hines, Ellen","contributorId":111908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"Ellen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":903226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Elrod, Megan","contributorId":197717,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elrod","given":"Megan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":903227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dugger, Katie M. 0000-0002-4148-246X cdugger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4148-246X","contributorId":4399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dugger","given":"Katie","email":"cdugger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":903228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ballard, Grant","contributorId":276385,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ballard","given":"Grant","affiliations":[{"id":48619,"text":"pbcs","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70250452,"text":"70250452 - 2024 - An agricultural package for MODFLOW 6 using the Application Programming Interface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-07T17:12:47.745412","indexId":"70250452","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-26T08:25:36","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An agricultural package for MODFLOW 6 using the Application Programming Interface","docAbstract":"An agricultural water use package has been developed for MODFLOW 6 using the MODFLOW Application Programming Interface (API). The MODFLOW API Agricultural Water Use Package (API-Ag) was based on the approach to simulate irrigation demand in the MODFLOW-NWT and GSFLOW Agricultural Water Use (AG) Package. The API-Ag Package differs from the previous approach by implementing new features and support for additional irrigation providers. New features include representation of deficit and over-irrigation, Multi-Aquifer Well and Lake Package irrigation providers, and support for structured, vertex, and unstructured grid models. Three example problems are presented that demonstrate how the API-Ag Package improves representation of highly managed systems and are further used to validate the irrigation demand and delivery formulations. Irrigation volumes simulated in the three example problems show excellent agreement with the MODFLOW-NWT AG Package.
Most studies of Lake Michigan lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) have focused on adults, with scant attention to juveniles (<400 mm). We explored the spatial distribution and diet of juvenile lake trout using U.S. Geological Survey September bottom trawl data (2015–2022) and stomach content information opportunistically collected since 2012 by various agencies using multiple gear types. Most juvenile lake trout in the September bottom trawl survey were caught at 37–64 m bottom depths. Length frequency data from the bottom trawl survey identified three size classes likely associated with wild juvenile lake trout age: < 85 mm (∼age-0), 85–170 mm (∼age-1) and > 170 mm (∼age-2+). Largest catches of wild lake trout < 170 mm occurred along a northeastern transect (near Frankfort, Michigan), whereas most > 170 mm were collected along southern transects. Mysis diluviana was the dominant prey for juvenile lake trout < 170 mm, and > 250 mm were primarily piscivorous, while 170–250 mm appeared to be a transitional period of switching from Mysis to fish. Species composition of prey fishes consumed by lake trout varied spatially and we found evidence of seasonal and annual diet variation within Grand Traverse Bay. Diporeia, once an important component of juvenile lake trout diet, appears to no longer be consumed by juvenile lake trout in Lake Michigan to any measurable degree. Continued research on the ecology of juvenile lake trout may provide insight into the effects of a changing ecosystem on juvenile lake trout diet and growth, thereby contributing to the effort to rehabilitate the Lake Michigan lake trout population.
Potential acute and chronic human health effects associated with exposure to cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins, including respiratory symptoms, are an understudied public health concern. We examined the relationship between estimated cyanobacteria biomass and the frequency of respiratory-related hospital visits for residents living near Green Bay, Lake Michigan, Wisconsin during 2017–2019. Remote sensing data from the Cyanobacteria Assessment Network was used to approximate cyanobacteria exposure through creation of a metric for cyanobacteria chlorophyll-a (ChlBS). We obtained counts of hospital visits for asthma, wheezing, and allergic rhinitis from the Wisconsin Hospital Association for ZIP codes within a 3-mile radius of Green Bay. We analyzed weekly counts of hospital visits versus cyanobacteria, which was modelled as a continuous measure (ChlBS) or categorized according to World Health Organization's (WHO) alert levels using Poisson generalized linear models. Our data included 2743 individual hospital visits and 114 weeks of satellite derived cyanobacteria biomass indicator data. Peak values of ChlBS were observed between the months of June and October. Using the WHO alert levels, 60% of weeks were categorized as no risk, 19% as Vigilance Level, 15% as Alert Level 1, and 6% as Alert Level 2. In Poisson regression models adjusted for temperature, dewpoint, season, and year, there was no association between ChlBS and hospital visits (rate ratio [RR] [95% Confidence Interval (CI)] = 0.98 [0.77, 1.24]). There was also no consistent association between WHO alert level and hospital visits when adjusting for covariates (Vigilance Level: RR [95% CI] 0.88 [0.74, 1.05], Alert Level 1: 0.82 [0.67, 0.99], Alert Level 2: 0.98 [0.77, 1.24], compared to the reference no risk category). Our methodology and model provide a template for future studies that assess the association between cyanobacterial blooms and respiratory health.
The isotope values of fossil snail shells can be important archives of climate. Here, we present the first carbon (δ13C) and oxygen (δ18O) isotope values of snail shells in interior Alaska to explore changes in vegetation and humidity through the late-glacial period. Snail shell δ13C values were relatively consistent through the late glacial. However, late-glacial shell δ13C values are 2.8‰ higher than those of modern shells. This offset is best explained by the Suess effect and changes in the δ13C values of snail diet. Snail shell δ18O values varied through the late glacial, which can be partially explained by changes in relative humidity (RH). RH during the snail growing period was modeled based on a published flux balance model. Results suggest a dry period toward the beginning of the Bølling–Allerød (~14 ka) followed by two distinct stages of the Younger Dryas, a wetter stage in the early Younger Dryas from 12.9 to 12.3 ka, and subsequent drier stage in the late Younger Dryas between 12.3 and 11.7 ka. The results show that land snail isotopes in high-latitude regions may be used as a supplementary paleoclimate proxy to help clarify complex climate histories, such as those of interior Alaska during the Younger Dryas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/qua.2023.54","usgsCitation":"Nield, C.B., Yanes, Y., Reuther, J.D., Muhs, D.R., Pigati, J.S., Miller, J.D., and Druckenmiller, P.S., 2024, Late glacial–Younger Dryas climate in interior Alaska as inferred from the isotope values of land snail shells: Quaternary Research, v. 117, p. 119-134, https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2023.54.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"119","endPage":"134","ipdsId":"IP-154137","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441108,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2023.54","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435095,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P953H59T","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data release for Late glacial-Younger Dryas climate in interior Alaska as inferred from the isotope values of land snail shells"},{"id":421997,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.0371534430809,\n 65.77335808684197\n ],\n [\n -156.0371534430809,\n 63.78566011381855\n ],\n [\n -146.76263627533064,\n 63.78566011381855\n ],\n [\n -146.76263627533064,\n 65.77335808684197\n ],\n [\n -156.0371534430809,\n 65.77335808684197\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"117","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nield, Catherine B.","contributorId":331005,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nield","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":7159,"text":"University of Cincinnati","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yanes, Yurena","contributorId":197219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yanes","given":"Yurena","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":886467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reuther, Joshua D.","contributorId":331006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reuther","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. 0000-0001-7449-251X dmuhs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":1857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pigati, Jeffrey S. 0000-0001-5843-6219 jpigati@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5843-6219","contributorId":201167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pigati","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jpigati@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miller, Joshua D.","contributorId":331008,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7159,"text":"University of Cincinnati","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Druckenmiller, Patrick. S.","contributorId":331009,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Druckenmiller","given":"Patrick.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":886472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70263861,"text":"70263861 - 2024 - Reduction of genetic diversity in ‘Alalā (Hawaiian crow; Corvus hawaiiensis) between the late 1800s and the late 1900s","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-26T21:11:36.27724","indexId":"70263861","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-17T15:09:04","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2333,"text":"Journal of Heredity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Reduction of genetic diversity in ‘Alalā (Hawaiian crow; Corvus hawaiiensis) between the late 1800s and the late 1900s","title":"Reduction of genetic diversity in ‘Alalā (Hawaiian crow; Corvus hawaiiensis) between the late 1800s and the late 1900s","docAbstract":"Genetic and genomic data are increasingly used to aid conservation management of endangered species by providing insights into evolutionary histories, factors associated with extinction risks, and potential for future adaptation. For the ‘Alalā, or Hawaiian crow (Corvus hawaiiensis), genetic concerns include negative correlations between inbreeding and hatching success. However, it is unclear if low genetic diversity and inbreeding depression are consequences of a historical population bottleneck, or if ‘Alalā had historically low genetic diversity that predated human influence, perhaps as a result of earlier declines or founding events. In this study, we applied a hybridization-based sequence capture to generate a genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) dataset for comparing historical specimens collected in the 1890s, when ‘Alalā were more numerous, to samples taken between 1973 and 1998, when ‘Alalā population densities were near the lowest documented levels in the wild, prior to all individuals being collected for captive rearing. We found low genome-wide diversity in both sample groups, however, the modern sample group (1973 to 1998 cohort) exhibited relatively fewer polymorphic alleles, a lower proportion of polymorphic loci, and lower observed heterozygosity, consistent with a population decline and potential bottleneck effects. These results combined with a current low population size highlight the importance of continued efforts by conservation managers to mitigate inbreeding and maintain founder representation to preserve what genetic diversity remains.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esad063","usgsCitation":"Blanchet, G., Bellinger, M.R., Kearns, A., Cortes-Rodriguez, N., Masuda, B., Campana, M.G., Rutz, C., Fleischer, R., and Sutton, J., 2024, Reduction of genetic diversity in ‘Alalā (Hawaiian crow; Corvus hawaiiensis) between the late 1800s and the late 1900s: Journal of Heredity, v. 115, no. 1, p. 32-44, https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esad063.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"32","endPage":"44","ipdsId":"IP-153519","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482510,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Island of Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.66271325336368,\n 18.886427440489825\n ],\n [\n -154.73075561200312,\n 19.494541117345733\n ],\n [\n -155.18826209048927,\n 20.004873708176405\n ],\n [\n -155.86040123789476,\n 20.301808200772868\n ],\n [\n -156.07503390681424,\n 19.718012347687846\n ],\n [\n -155.9394764317072,\n 19.02531729996751\n ],\n [\n -155.66271325336368,\n 18.886427440489825\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"115","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blanchet, Geneviève","contributorId":351501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blanchet","given":"Geneviève","affiliations":[{"id":37485,"text":"University of Hawai‘i - Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":928727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bellinger, Mona Renee 0000-0001-5274-9572","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5274-9572","contributorId":301018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bellinger","given":"Mona","email":"","middleInitial":"Renee","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":928728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kearns, Anna M. 0000-0002-8502-7442","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8502-7442","contributorId":351502,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kearns","given":"Anna M.","affiliations":[{"id":84000,"text":"Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":928729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cortes-Rodriguez, Nandadevi 0000-0002-2922-8012","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2922-8012","contributorId":351503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cortes-Rodriguez","given":"Nandadevi","affiliations":[{"id":84001,"text":"Ithaca College, Ithaca, New York, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":928730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Masuda, Bryce M.","contributorId":351504,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Masuda","given":"Bryce M.","affiliations":[{"id":65735,"text":"San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":928731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Campana, Michael G.","contributorId":258060,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campana","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":52221,"text":"Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":928732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rutz, Christian 0000-0001-5187-7417","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5187-7417","contributorId":351505,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rutz","given":"Christian","affiliations":[{"id":84002,"text":"University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Scotland, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":928733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fleischer, Robert C.","contributorId":258062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fleischer","given":"Robert C.","affiliations":[{"id":52221,"text":"Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":928734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sutton, Jolene T.","contributorId":351506,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sutton","given":"Jolene T.","affiliations":[{"id":37485,"text":"University of Hawai‘i - Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":928735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70256469,"text":"70256469 - 2024 - Using the electron transport system as an indicator of organismal thermal tolerance and respiratory exploitation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-05T21:33:05.332406","indexId":"70256469","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-16T16:29:25","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using the electron transport system as an indicator of organismal thermal tolerance and respiratory exploitation","docAbstract":"Freshwater ecosystems are undergoing rapid thermal shifts, making it increasingly important to understand species-specific responses to these changes. Traditional techniques for determining a species’ thermal tolerance are often lethal and time consuming. Using the enzyme activity associated with the electron transport system (ETS; hereafter referred to as enzyme assay) may provide a non-lethal, rapid, and efficient alternative to traditional techniques for some species. We used largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides (Lacepede, 1802) to test the efficacy of using an enzyme assay to determine thermal tolerance and respiratory exploitation in response to variable acclimation temperatures. Three tissue types were dissected from fish acclimated to 20, 25, or 30 °C and used in ETS assays at temperatures ranging from 7.5 to 40 °C. While there were significant differences among tissue types and acclimation temperatures, maximal enzyme activity occurred from 25.23 to 31.91 °C. Fish lost equilibrium at 39–42 °C in traditional CTmax trials, significantly higher than the upper optimum range determined via enzyme assays. The ratio of enzyme activity to measured whole organism respiration rate decreased with increasing water temperature, with the largest changes occurring at the upper optimum thermal range determined by enzyme assays. Our results indicate that ETS analysis may prove useful for obtaining biologically relevant thermal tolerances.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjz-2023-0027","collaboration":"U.S. Army Coops of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Stell, E.G., Brewer, S.K., Horne, L.M., Wright, R.A., and DeVries, D.R., 2024, Using the electron transport system as an indicator of organismal thermal tolerance and respiratory exploitation: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 102, no. 2, p. 155-165, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2023-0027.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"165","ipdsId":"IP-149644","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500991,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1807/129595","text":"External Repository"},{"id":432215,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"102","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stell, Ehlana G.","contributorId":340747,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stell","given":"Ehlana","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":13360,"text":"Auburn University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brewer, Shannon K. 0000-0002-1537-3921 skbrewer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-3921","contributorId":2252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"Shannon","email":"skbrewer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":907510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Horne, Lindsay M.","contributorId":340749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horne","given":"Lindsay","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":81658,"text":"Lincoln Memorial University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wright, Russell A.","contributorId":340750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wright","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13360,"text":"Auburn University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"DeVries, Dennis R.","contributorId":340751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeVries","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13360,"text":"Auburn University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70250323,"text":"70250323 - 2024 - Target and suspect per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in fish from an AFFF-impacted waterway","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-04T16:10:14.574234","indexId":"70250323","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-16T09:45:38","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Target and suspect per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in fish from an AFFF-impacted waterway","title":"Target and suspect per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in fish from an AFFF-impacted waterway","docAbstract":"A major source of toxic per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is aqueous film-forming foams (AFFF) used in firefighting and training at airports and military installations, however, PFAS have many additional sources in consumer products and industrial processes. A field study was conducted on fish tissues from three reaches of the Columbia Slough, located near Portland International Airport, OR, that are affected by AFFF and other PFAS sources. Fishes including largescale sucker (Catostomus macrocheilus), goldfish (Carassius auratus), and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) were collected in 2019 and 2020. Fish blood, liver, and fillet (muscle) were analyzed for target and suspect PFAS by liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Data were analyzed for patterns by fish species, tissue type, and river reach. Thirty-three out of 50 target PFAS and additional suspect compounds were detected at least once during the study, at concentrations up to 856 ng/g. Seven carboxylic acids (PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFUdA, PFDoA, PFTrDA, PFTeDA), three sulfonates (PFHxS, PFOS, PFDS), three electrofluorination-based compounds (FBSA, FHxSA, FOSA), and two fluorotelomer-based compounds (8:2 FTS, 10:2 FTS) were the most frequently detected compounds in all tissue types. The C6 (PFHxS) to C10 (PFDS) homologs were detected with PFOS and FHxSA at concentrations 1–3 orders of magnitude greater than the other PFAS detected. This is the first report of Cl-PFOS, FPeSA, and FHpSA detected in fish tissue. In all fish samples, fillet concentrations of PFAS were the lowest, followed by liver, and blood concentrations of PFAS were the highest. Differences in PFAS concentrations were driven primarily by tissue types and to a lesser extent fish species, but weakly by river reach. The Oregon Health Authority modified an existing fish consumption advisory on the Columbia Slough to recommend no whole-body consumption of most fish to avoid elevated levels of PFOS in fish liver. Measured PFAS concentrations in fish tissues indicate the potential for adverse ecological effects.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167798","usgsCitation":"Nilsen, E., Muensterman, D.J., Carini, L., Waite, I.R., Payne, S.E., Field, J., Peterson, J.L., Hafley, D., Farrer, D., and Jones, G.D., 2024, Target and suspect per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in fish from an AFFF-impacted waterway: Science of the Total Environment, v. 906, 167798, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167798.","productDescription":"167798, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-134199","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441111,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167798","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":423178,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Columbia Slough","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.77377259108432,\n 45.6551878154539\n ],\n [\n -122.77377259108432,\n 45.38008686160234\n ],\n [\n -122.35368994878024,\n 45.38008686160234\n ],\n [\n -122.35368994878024,\n 45.6551878154539\n ],\n [\n -122.77377259108432,\n 45.6551878154539\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"906","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nilsen, Elena 0000-0002-0104-6321","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0104-6321","contributorId":212096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nilsen","given":"Elena","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muensterman, Derek J. 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To maintain ecosystem function and conserve Cutthroat Trout, a Lake Trout gill netting suppression program was established in 1995, decreasing Lake Trout abundance and biomass. Yet, the response of Cutthroat Trout to varying Lake Trout suppression levels, collectively with the influence of disease and climate, is unknown. We developed an ecosystem model (calibrated to historical data) to forecast (2020–2050) whether Cutthroat Trout would achieve recovery benchmarks given disease, varying suppression effort, and climate change. Lake Trout suppression influenced Cutthroat Trout recovery; current suppression effort levels resulted in Cutthroat Trout recovering from historical lows in the early 2000s. However, Cutthroat Trout did not achieve conservation benchmarks when incorporating the influence of disease and climate. Therefore, the National Park Service intends to incorporate age-specific abundance, spawner biomass, or both in conservation benchmarks to provide better indication of how management actions and environmental conditions influence Cutthroat Trout. Our results illustrate how complex interactions within an ecosystem must be simultaneously considered to establish and achieve realistic benchmarks for species of conservation concern.
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2024 - Warming experiments test the temperature sensitivity of an endangered butterfly across life history stages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-10T14:38:37.679784","indexId":"70250003","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-16T07:24:22","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2356,"text":"Journal of Insect Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Warming experiments test the temperature sensitivity of an endangered butterfly across life history stages","docAbstract":"The Karner blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) (hereafter Karner blue) is a federally listed endangered species occurring in disjunct locations within the Midwest and Eastern United States. As a hostplant specialist and an ectotherm, the Karner blue is likely to be susceptible to effects of climate change. We undertook warming experiments to explore the temperature sensitivity of various Karner blue life history stages and traits. Over a two-year period, we exposed all Karner blue life stages to temperature increases of + 2, + 4, and + 6 °C above 1952–1999 mean temperatures. We analyzed the effect of these treatments on life history parameters likely related to fitness and population size, including development time, voltinism, degree-day accumulation, body weight, and morphology. Warming treatments resulted in earlier emergence and accelerated development, leading to additional generations. Warming also increased the number of degree-days accumulated during pre-adult development (i.e., egg hatch to eclosion). Results suggest that Karner blues developed in fewer days, in part, by putting on less mass as temperatures increased. As treatment temperature increased, adult body mass, length, and area decreased and voltinism increased. Females with lower adult mass and smaller body size produced fewer eggs. These results suggest a trade-off between accelerated development and decreased body size with decrease in adult mass and abdominal area being associated with reduced fecundity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10841-023-00518-3","usgsCitation":"Bristow, L., Grundel, R., Dzurisin, J., Li, Y., Hildreth, A., and Hellmann, J., 2024, Warming experiments test the temperature sensitivity of an endangered butterfly across life history stages: Journal of Insect Conservation, v. 28, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10841-023-00518-3.","productDescription":"13 p.; Data Release","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","ipdsId":"IP-135632","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441869,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10841-023-00518-3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435148,"rank":1,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P967LATZ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Effects of warming on development rates on Karner Blue Butterfly laboratory data (2011-2012)"},{"id":422517,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bristow, Lainey","contributorId":331510,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bristow","given":"Lainey","affiliations":[{"id":39516,"text":"University of Notre Dame","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grundel, Ralph 0000-0002-2949-7087 rgrundel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2949-7087","contributorId":2444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grundel","given":"Ralph","email":"rgrundel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":887941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dzurisin, Jason","contributorId":331511,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dzurisin","given":"Jason","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Li, Yudi","contributorId":331512,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Yudi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hildreth, Andrew","contributorId":331513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hildreth","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13399,"text":"UCLA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hellmann, Jessica","contributorId":331514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hellmann","given":"Jessica","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70254770,"text":"70254770 - 2024 - Genomic insights into isolation of the threatened Florida crested caracara (Caracara plancus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-07T11:51:38.687513","indexId":"70254770","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-14T06:47:40","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2333,"text":"Journal of Heredity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genomic insights into isolation of the threatened Florida crested caracara (Caracara plancus)","docAbstract":"We conducted a population genomic study of the crested caracara (Caracara plancus) using samples (n = 290) collected from individuals in Florida, Texas, and Arizona, United States. Crested caracaras are non-migratory raptors ranging from the southern tip of South America to the southern United States, including a federally protected relict population in Florida long thought to have been isolated since the last ice age. Our objectives were to evaluate genetic diversity and population structure of Florida’s apparently isolated population and to evaluate taxonomic relationships of crested caracaras at the northern edge of their range. Using DNA purified from blood samples, we conducted double-digest restriction site associated DNA sequencing and sequenced the mitochondrial ND2 gene. Analyses of population structure using over 9,000 SNPs suggest that two major clusters are best supported, one cluster including only Florida individuals and the other cluster including Arizona and Texas individuals. Both SNPs and mitochondrial haplotypes reveal the Florida population to be highly differentiated genetically from Arizona and Texas populations, whereas, Arizona and Texas populations are moderately differentiated from each other. The Florida population’s mitochondrial haplotypes form a separate monophyletic group, while Arizona and Texas populations share mitochondrial haplotypes. Results of this study provide substantial genetic evidence that Florida’s crested caracaras have experienced long-term isolation from caracaras in Arizona and Texas and thus, represent a distinct evolutionary lineage possibly warranting distinction as an Evolutionarily Significant Unit (ESU) or subspecies. This study will inform conservation strategies focused on long-term survival of Florida’s distinct, panmictic population.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esad057","usgsCitation":"Payne, N., Erwin, J.A., Morrison, J.L., Dwyer, J.F., and Culver, M., 2024, Genomic insights into isolation of the threatened Florida crested caracara (Caracara plancus): Journal of Heredity, v. 115, no. 1, p. 45-56, https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esad057.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"56","ipdsId":"IP-157635","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498479,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/671235","text":"External Repository"},{"id":429624,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"115","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-10-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Payne, Natalie","contributorId":287191,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Payne","given":"Natalie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40855,"text":"UA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Erwin, John A.","contributorId":275259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Erwin","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":40855,"text":"UA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morrison, Joan L.","contributorId":169993,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morrison","given":"Joan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":902559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dwyer, James F.","contributorId":169992,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dwyer","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":902560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Culver, Melanie 0000-0001-5380-3059 mculver@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5380-3059","contributorId":197693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Culver","given":"Melanie","email":"mculver@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}