Urban development over the Edwards aquifer in the Austin, Texas, area has caused concerns about the availability and quality of water in the aquifer. The study area, the Edwards aquifer that discharges to Barton Springs, includes parts of Travis and Hays Counties and extends from the city of Kyle to the Colorado River. A large part of the aquifer lies within the Austin metropolitan area one of the fastest growing areas in the Nation. As of 1985, only about 30,000 people used water from the aquifer, however, according to recent official city of Austin population projections, about 86,000 more people will be living in the study area by the year 2000, many of whom will depend upon the aquifer for water. Barton Springs, which discharges from the aquifer, serves as a supplemental source of drinking water for Austin and as a major recreational attraction.
\nThe aquifer is a karst system composed of limestone and dolomite of Cretaceous age. The water occurs in solution channels in the Edwards and Georgetown Limestones. Yields of adjacent wells often differ by as much as four orders of magnitude. Storage within the aquifer is about 306,000 acre-feet, of which about 31,000 acre-feet is within the \"transient\" part of storage the change in volume occurring between high flow and the lowest known flow of Barton Springs. The average specific yield of the aquifer is 0.017.
\nWithin the study area, the Edwards aquifer covers 155 square miles, of which about 151 square miles discharge to Barton Springs, and the remaining 4 square miles discharge to Cold and Deep Eddy Springs. The westernmost 79 percent of the aquifer is under water-table conditions, and the remaining 21 percent is under confined conditions. Three geologic sections are presented in the report, as well as maps showing the altitudes of the base and the top of the Edwards aquifer.
\nRecharge occurs predominantly along faults and fractures crossing six creeks in the recharge area, which covers the westernmost 90 square miles of the aquifer. Leakage probably occurs into the Edwards aquifer from the underlying upper Trinity aquifer. A small amount of subsurface recharge also occurs as \"bad-water\" encroachment during lovnflow periods. Monthly values for water levels, total surface-water recharge, and total discharge (springflow and pumpage) for the aquifer are available for 4 years. Water-budget analyses show that surface recharge and ground-water discharge (springflow and pumpage) are reasonably balanced, suggesting that the ground-water system is in dynamic equilibrium.
\nBased on 65 years of measurements, Barton Springs has a long-term mean discharge of 50 cubic feet per second and a minimum and maximum discharge of 10 and 166 cubic feet per second. As of 1982, the estimated total ground-water pumpage of about 3,800 acre-feet per year represented just over 10 percent of the average annual discharge of 36,000 acre-feet to Barton Springs. Increased pumpage associated with future ground-water development could reduce the discharge at Barton Springs and reduce ground-water availability. Substantial pumpage increases could cause increased subsurface flow into the aquifer in the form of \"bad-water\" encroachment, leakage from underlying aquifers, or both.
\nWater-quality data for 1979-83 are available for each creek that recharges the aquifer, from Barton Springs, and for 38 wells. Water quality from Barton Springs and the wells is better than the creeks providing surface recharge, which have fecal-bacteria values as high as 100,000 colonies per 100 milliliters. Significant densities of fecal bacteria have been found in water from Barton Springs. Significant concentrations of nitrate nitrogen, fecal-group bacteria, and fluoride have been identified in samples from wells. Fluoride originates in the aquifers that underlie the Edwards aquifer. Nitrate nitrogen and fecal-group bacteria originate in residential developments and cattle ranches located in the area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri864036","usgsCitation":"Slade, R.M., Dorsey, M.E., and Stewart, S.L., 1986, Hydrology and water quality of the Edwards Aquifer associated with Barton Springs in the Austin area, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4036, vi, 117 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864036.","productDescription":"vi, 117 p.","numberOfPages":"123","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":58554,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4036/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123788,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4036/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Austin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.74742126464844,\n 30.216948502671475\n ],\n [\n -97.877197265625,\n 29.981107684467244\n ],\n [\n -98.10035705566406,\n 30.073847754270204\n ],\n [\n -97.80921936035155,\n 30.305317637976145\n ],\n [\n -97.72270202636717,\n 30.253729211980726\n ],\n [\n -97.74742126464844,\n 30.216948502671475\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db604c09","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Slade, Raymond M. Jr.","contributorId":46487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slade","given":"Raymond","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dorsey, Michael E.","contributorId":101739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorsey","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stewart, Sheree L.","contributorId":173580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"Sheree","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":28008,"text":"wri844353 - 1986 - Three-dimensional model simulation of steady-state ground-water flow in the Albuquerque-Belen Basin, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:41","indexId":"wri844353","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4353","title":"Three-dimensional model simulation of steady-state ground-water flow in the Albuquerque-Belen Basin, New Mexico","docAbstract":"As part of the Southwest Alluvial Basins study, model was constructed to simulate the alluvial aquifer system underlying the Albuquerque-Belen Basin. The model was used to simulate the steady-state flow condition assumed to have existed prior to 1960. Until this time there apparently were no long-term groundwater level changes of a significant magnitude outside the immediate vicinity of Albuquerque. Therefore, the construction of a steady-state flow model of the aquifer system based on reported hydrologic data predating 1960 was justified. During construction of the steady-state model, simulated hydraulic conductivity values were adjusted, within acceptable physical limits, until a best fit between measured or reported and computed heads at 34 control wells was achieved. The modeled area was divided into six sub-areas, or zones, within each of which hydraulic conductivity was assumed to be uniform. The model consisted of six layers for each of which simulated transmissivity was proportional to the layer thickness. Adjustments to simulated hydraulic conductivity values in the different zones resulted in final values that ranged from a low of 0.25 ft/day in the west to 50 ft/day in the eastern part of the basin. The error of the simulation, defined as the absolute difference between the computed and the measured or reported water level at the corresponding point in the physical system being modeled, ranged from 0.6 ft to 36 ft, with an average of 14.6 ft for the 34 control wells. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844353","usgsCitation":"Kernodle, J.M., and Scott, W.B., 1986, Three-dimensional model simulation of steady-state ground-water flow in the Albuquerque-Belen Basin, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4353, v, 58 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844353.","productDescription":"v, 58 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158694,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4353/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56833,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4353/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a2fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kernodle, J. M.","contributorId":81139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kernodle","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, W. B.","contributorId":87887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":119,"text":"wsp2246 - 1986 - Hydrology of the Price River basin, Utah, with emphasis on selected coal-field areas","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":7250,"text":"ofr83208 - 1983 - Hydrology of the Price River basin, Utah, with emphasis on selected coal-field areas","indexId":"ofr83208","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrology of the Price River basin, Utah, with emphasis on selected coal-field areas"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":119,"text":"wsp2246 - 1986 - Hydrology of the Price River basin, Utah, with emphasis on selected coal-field areas","indexId":"wsp2246","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrology of the Price River basin, Utah, with emphasis on selected coal-field areas"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T16:50:44","indexId":"wsp2246","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2246","title":"Hydrology of the Price River basin, Utah, with emphasis on selected coal-field areas","docAbstract":"Data obtained during a hydrologic study of the Price River basin, Utah, are used to describe seasonal variations off low of springs, relation between ground water and surface water, hydraulic properties of the ground-water reservoir, ground-water recharge and discharge, flood characteristics of streams, mineralogic composition and depositional rates of sediments, nutrient and inorganic loading in streams and Scofield Reservoir, and water budgets for selected basins. Additional study and monitoring are needed to detect possible hydrologic changes caused by coal mining.
Much of the ground-water discharge from the Star Point Sandstone in the Mesaverde Group in the Wasatch Plateau occurs along faults. In the Book Cliffs, where faulting is less extensive, most of the ground-water discharge is from the Flagstaff Limestone. The Flagstaff Limestone is greatly diffusive, has a small storage coefficient, and contains water which is perched.
Springs issuing from the Star Point Sandstone in the Mud Creek drainage (Wasatch Plateau) had recession indexes greater than 365 days per log cycle. Springs issuing at higher altitudes from the Colton Formation and the Flagstaff Limestone in the Soldier Creek area (Book Cliffs) have great seasonal variability, with recession indexes ranging from 24 to 115 days per log cycle. Estimated transmissivities in the Soldier Creek area ranged from 0.003 foot squared per day in the lower part of the Castlegate Sandstone to 0.07 foot squared per day in the Price River Formation.
Seepage from the Star Point Sandstone is the major contributor to base flow of the stream in Eccles Canyon (Wasatch Plateau). Gains of as much as 230 gallons per minute occurred near a fault zone which crosses Eccles Canyon at the junction with South Fork Canyon.
The potentiometric surface of water in the Blackhawk Formation in the Wasatch Plateau (Mud Creek drainage) and the Book Cliffs (Soldier Creek area) generally is above the coal zones, and dewatering will be necessary in most places during mining. The total reported mine discharge during 1980 was about 2,800 acre-feet.
During the 1980 water year, ground-water discharge from the Flagstaff Limestone contributed about 4,400 acre-feet, or 41 percent of the combined streamflow of Coal, Soldier, and Dugout Creeks. Discharge from the Blackhawk and other formations contributed about 2,200 acrefeet, or 21 percent of the streamflow. The recharge to a 4,020-acre outcrop of the Flagstaff Limestone in the Soldier Creek area was determined from measurements of the discharge of springs and seepage gains in streams. The estimated recharge was 2 inches per year, or 12 percent of the April 1 snowpack, or 9 percent of the precipitation during 1980.
Benthic-diversity indexes at streams in the Book Cliffs and Wasatch Plateau are related to the size of the bed material. The Shannon-Weiner diversity index for five sites in the Mud Creek drainage ranged from 1.57 to 4.'20 during four sampling periods in 1979-80. In the Soldier Creek drainage, the diversity index for four sampling sites ranged from 0.8 to 2.3 during three sampling periods in 1979-80.
Sediment deposition in Scofield Reservoir during 1943-79 was estimated to be 3,000 acre-feet but most of the coal deposition in the reservoir occurred prior to about 1950. An anaerobic zone develops in the reservoir during the summer, but water in the reservoir completely mixes during late summer or early fall.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp2246","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Waddell, K., Dodge, J., Darby, D., and Theobald, S., 1986, Hydrology of the Price River basin, Utah, with emphasis on selected coal-field areas: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2246, Report: vi, 51 p.; Plate: 38.00 in x 33.50 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2246.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 51 p.; Plate: 38.00 in x 33.50 in.","numberOfPages":"59","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":136417,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2246/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":24721,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2246/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":24720,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2246/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Price River Basin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdb83","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waddell, K.M.","contributorId":59009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddell","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":141957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dodge, J.E.","contributorId":21133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodge","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":141958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Darby, D.W.","contributorId":49333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darby","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":141959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Theobald, S.M.","contributorId":51270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theobald","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":141960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":60626,"text":"mf1794 - 1986 - Map showing slope movements in the Oak Forest Quadrangle, Greene County, southwestern Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-23T08:56:58","indexId":"mf1794","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1794","title":"Map showing slope movements in the Oak Forest Quadrangle, Greene County, southwestern Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"This map is the first example in the eastern United States of a 1:24,000-scale 7.5– minute quadrangle map that identifies areas with slope—stability problems in detail. Such a map enables the user to make a rapid evaluation of the potential for mass movement. Furthermore, detailed slope movement inventory of this type can serve as a framework for statistical analyses of several factors that cause slope failures, such as the effects of bedrock lithology, soil and slope characteristics, and precipitation. Planners, engineers, soil scientists, geologists, and elected officials should find the map useful in the assessment of slope hazards and planning for future land use. Final evaluation of any site within the quadrangle should be based on an examination by a soils engineer or an engineering geologist.
\nField investigations in the springs of 1981 and 1982 and the fall of 1981 involved nearly 60 days of traverses. The foot traverses were supplemented by the interpretation of the land surface on vertical black-and-white aerial photography flown in January and February of 1973 at a scale of nearly 1:24,000. Earlier aerial photography flown in June and July 1939 at a scale of 1:20,000 and more recent but significantly smaller scale photography (1:80,000) flown in June 1977 supplied additional documentation. More than 1,200 active or recently active and 900 older slope movements were identified.
\nThe geologic map of the Oak Forest quadrangle (Roen, 1972) is one of several geologic maps at a scale of 1:24,000 in eastern and central Greene County. Stone (1932) wrote an earlier report of the geology and mineral resources of Greene County. A series of reconnaissance landslide maps at 1:24,000 scale based mainly on aerial photographic interpretation included Greene and adjacent counties (Hackman and Thomas, 1978).
\nSelection of the Oak Forest quadrangle for a more comprehensive study of the slope movements was based on the existence of a recent geologic map (Roen, 1972), sizeable tracts of both forested and non-forested land, nearby precipitation record stations, a large number of pipelines which could offer pertinent data, and good accessibility of terrain from secondary roads. Finally, Hackman and Thomas (1978) showed that the area was representative of any quadrangle in the northern part of the Dunkard basin in its distribution and density of slope movements.
\nThe quadrangle is located about 65 km southwest of Pittsburgh, Penn. (fig. 1). Three distinct drainage systems (north, east, and south trending) are represented within the quadrangle (fig. 2).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf1794","usgsCitation":"Pomeroy, J.S., 1986, Map showing slope movements in the Oak Forest Quadrangle, Greene County, southwestern Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1794, Plate: 47.33 x 41.52 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1794.","productDescription":"Plate: 47.33 x 41.52 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":326201,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1794.JPG"},{"id":327414,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1794/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"0","country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Greene County","otherGeospatial":"Oak Forest Quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.25,39.75 ], [ -80.25,39.8675 ], [ -80.11749999999999,39.8675 ], [ -80.11749999999999,39.75 ], [ -80.25,39.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a2a7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pomeroy, J. S.","contributorId":16807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pomeroy","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26570,"text":"wri854297 - 1986 - Manual for estimating selected streamflow characteristics of natural-flow streams in the Colorado River basin in Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:28","indexId":"wri854297","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4297","title":"Manual for estimating selected streamflow characteristics of natural-flow streams in the Colorado River basin in Utah","docAbstract":"Methods are presented for estimating 10 streamflow characteristics at three types of sites on natural flow streams in the Colorado River Basin in Utah. The streamflow characteristics include average discharge and annual maximum 1-, 7-, and 15-day mean discharges for recurrence intervals of 10, 50 and 100 years. At or near gaged sites, two methods weight gaging station data with regression equation values to estimate streamflow characteristics. At sites on ungaged streams, a method estimates streamflow characteristics using regression equations. The regression equations relate the streamflow characteristics to the following basin and climatic characteristics: contributing drainage area, mean basin elevation, mean annual precipitation, main channel slope, and forested area. Separate regression equations were developed for four hydrologically distinct regions in the study area. The standard error of estimate for the 10 streamflow characteristics ranges from 13% to 87%. Basin, climatic, and streamflow characteristics, available as of September 30, 1981, are presented for 135 gaging stations in Utah, Arizona, Colorado, and Wyoming. In addition, weighted estimates of the streamflow characteristics based on station data and the regression equation estimates are provided for most gaging stations. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854297","usgsCitation":"Christensen, R., Johnson, E., and Plantz, G., 1986, Manual for estimating selected streamflow characteristics of natural-flow streams in the Colorado River basin in Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4297, vi, 38 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854297.","productDescription":"vi, 38 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":118865,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4297/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55434,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4297/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55435,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4297/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64aec8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christensen, R.C.","contributorId":56670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, E.B.","contributorId":77953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"E.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plantz, G.G.","contributorId":79103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plantz","given":"G.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":13557,"text":"ofr85682 - 1986 - Streamflow and specific-conductance data for Bear Creek, August 13, 1985, the Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-01T15:02:33","indexId":"ofr85682","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-682","title":"Streamflow and specific-conductance data for Bear Creek, August 13, 1985, the Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee","docAbstract":"Discharge and specific conductance were measured August 13, 1985 , during low base flow of Bear Creek in the vicinity of the Y-12 Plant on the Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee. Discharge of Bear Creek and its tributaries measured at specific sites ranged from 0 to 1.0 cubic foot per second. Specific conductance ranged from 225 to 7600 microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius. During the time of instantaneous discharge measurements, flow of Bear Creek at the continuous-record station at Highway 95 near Oak Ridge ranged from 0.59 to 0.63 cubic foot per second.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Knoxville, TN","doi":"10.3133/ofr85682","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S.Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Evaldi, R., 1986, Streamflow and specific-conductance data for Bear Creek, August 13, 1985, the Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-682, iii, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85682.","productDescription":"iii, 8 p.","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146682,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/OFR85682.jpg"},{"id":309456,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0682/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Oak Ridge Reservation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.4690704345703,\n 35.84342129448237\n ],\n [\n -84.4690704345703,\n 36.08795069273044\n ],\n [\n -84.10926818847656,\n 36.08795069273044\n ],\n [\n -84.10926818847656,\n 35.84342129448237\n ],\n [\n -84.4690704345703,\n 35.84342129448237\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4f09","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evaldi, R. D.","contributorId":93909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evaldi","given":"R. D.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":168021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":25616,"text":"wri864329 - 1986 - Investigation of possible effects of surface coal mining on hydrology and landscape stability in part of the Powder River structural basin, northeastern Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:24","indexId":"wri864329","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4329","title":"Investigation of possible effects of surface coal mining on hydrology and landscape stability in part of the Powder River structural basin, northeastern Wyoming","docAbstract":"The effects of surface coal mining on the surface- and groundwater systems in a 5,400 sq mi area in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming, that includes 20 major coal mines were evaluated using three approaches: A surface water model, a landscape-stability analysis, and a groundwater model. A surface water model was developed for the Belle Fourche River basin. The Hydrological Simulation Program-Fortran model was used to simulate changes in streamflow and changes in dissolved-solids and sulfate concentrations. Simulated streamflows resulting from less than average rainfall were small, changes in flow from premining to during-mining and postmining conditions were less than 2.5%, and changes in mean dissolved-solids and sulfate concentrations ranged from 1 to 7%. A landscape-stability analysis resulted in regression relations to aid in the reconstruction of reclaimed drainage networks. Hypsometric analyses indicate the larger basins are relatively stable, and statistical data from these basins may be used to design the placement of material within a mined basin to approximate natural, stable landscapes in the area. The attempt to define and simulate the groundwater system in the area using a groundwater-flow model was unsuccessful. The steady-state groundwater-flow model could not be calibrated. The modeling effort failed principally because of insufficient quantity and quality of data to define the spatial distribution of aquifer properties; the hydraulic-head distribution within and between aquifers; and the rates of groundwater recharge and discharge, especially for steady-state conditions. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864329","usgsCitation":"Bloyd, R., Daddow, P., Jordon, P., and Lowham, H., 1986, Investigation of possible effects of surface coal mining on hydrology and landscape stability in part of the Powder River structural basin, northeastern Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4329, vi, 101 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864329.","productDescription":"vi, 101 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123784,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4329/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54362,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4329/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e479de4b07f02db49212b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bloyd, R. M.","contributorId":34549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bloyd","given":"R. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Daddow, P. B.","contributorId":26700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daddow","given":"P. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jordon, P.R.","contributorId":69605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordon","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lowham, H. W.","contributorId":8111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowham","given":"H. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":13853,"text":"ofr85676 - 1986 - Hydrologic data for urban studies in the Austin metropolitan area, Texas, 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T10:55:01","indexId":"ofr85676","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-676","title":"Hydrologic data for urban studies in the Austin metropolitan area, Texas, 1984","docAbstract":"Hydrologic investigations of urban watersheds in Texas were begun by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1954. Studies are now in progress in Austin, and Houston. Studies have been completed in the Dallas, Fort Worth, and San Antonio areas.
\nThe Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Texas Department of Water Reources, began hydrologic studies in the Austin urban area in 1954. In cooperation with the city of Austin, the program was expanded in 1975 to include additional streamflow and rainfall gaging stations, and the collection of surface water-quality data. In 1978, the program was expanded to include a ground-water resources study of the South Austin metropolitan area in the Balcones Fault Zone.
\nThe objectives of the Austin urban hydrology study are as follows:
\nThis report presents the basic hydrologic data collected in the Austin urban area for the 1984 water year (Oct. 1, 1983 to Sept. 30, 1984). Additional explanations of terms related to streamflow, water quality, and other hydrologic data used in this report are defined in the U.S. Geological Survey annual report Water Resources Data for Texas, TX-84-3, 1984.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/ofr85676","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Austin","usgsCitation":"Gordon, J., Pate, D., and Dorsey, M., 1986, Hydrologic data for urban studies in the Austin metropolitan area, Texas, 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-676, v, 92 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85676.","productDescription":"v, 92 p.","numberOfPages":"96","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":42458,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0676/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.78 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":144365,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0676/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Austin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.09280395507812,\n 29.991812888666043\n ],\n [\n -97.38006591796874,\n 29.991812888666043\n ],\n [\n -97.38006591796874,\n 30.615459280672667\n ],\n [\n -98.09280395507812,\n 30.615459280672667\n ],\n [\n -98.09280395507812,\n 29.991812888666043\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ce4b07f02db608097","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gordon, J.D.","contributorId":26684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gordon","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pate, D.L.","contributorId":87145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pate","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dorsey, M.E.","contributorId":73997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorsey","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":28550,"text":"wri864196 - 1986 - Directions and rates of ground-water movement in the vicinity of Kesterson Reservoir, San Joaquin Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:46","indexId":"wri864196","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4196","title":"Directions and rates of ground-water movement in the vicinity of Kesterson Reservoir, San Joaquin Valley, California","docAbstract":"A three-dimensional groundwater flow model was used to simulate groundwater flow for a 124 sq mi area in the vicinity of Kesterson Reservoir in the San Joaquin Valley, California. Available data were used to calculate a probable range of groundwater flow rates, but calibration and sensitivity analysis were not done for this model. Flow directions, as inferred from measured groundwater levels and simulated hydraulic heads from all model simulations, indicate that regional groundwater flow is from the south to the north. Kesterson Reservoir acts as a recharge mound superimposed on the regional-flow system. Groundwater moves in the horizontal and vertical direction away from Kesterson Reservoir. Mud and Salt Sloughs act as groundwater discharge areas. Simulated groundwater flow from Kesterson Reservoir did not flow beyond these sloughs. Groundwater from west of Mud Slough seems to flow west toward Los Banos Creek and east toward Mud Slough. Groundwater that travels toward Salt Slough from Kesterson Reservoir probably is lost by evapotranspiration near the surface before reaching Salt Slough. Groundwater between Salt Slough and the San Joaquin River seems to flow north and toward Salt Slough and the San Joaquin River. The canals and duck ponds generally act as sources of groundwater recharge. A method was developed for determining flow directions and distance traveled in three dimensions for discrete time increments using simulated groundwater fluxes. Simulated average horizontal pore velocities away from Kesterson range less than 0.01 to 140 ft/year. The simulated average vertical pore velocities range from 0.01 to 14.7 ft/year. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864196","usgsCitation":"Mandle, R., and Kontis, A., 1986, Directions and rates of ground-water movement in the vicinity of Kesterson Reservoir, San Joaquin Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4196, v, 57 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864196.","productDescription":"v, 57 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124902,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4196/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57380,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4196/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aea1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mandle, R.J.","contributorId":27090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mandle","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kontis, A.L.","contributorId":69542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kontis","given":"A.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":55694,"text":"wdrMI851 - 1986 - Water resources data for Michigan, water year 1985","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-10T14:42:09","indexId":"wdrMI851","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"MI-85-1","title":"Water resources data for Michigan, water year 1985","docAbstract":"Water resources data for the 1985 water year for Michigan consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage and contents of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water temperature of ground water. This report contains discharge records for 135 gaging stations; stage only records for 1 gaging station; stage and contents for 5 lakes and reservoirs; water-quality records for 52 gaging stations; water-level records for 53 observation wells; and water-temperature records for 6 observation wells. Also included are 52 crest-stage partial-record stations and 30 low-flow partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites not involved in the systematic data-collection program. Miscellaneous data were collected at 41 measuring sites and 1 water-quality sampling site. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State, Local, and Federal agencies in Michigan.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrMI851","usgsCitation":"Miller, J.B., Oberg, J., and Failing, J., 1986, Water resources data for Michigan, water year 1985: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report MI-85-1, ix, 297 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrMI851.","productDescription":"ix, 297 p.","numberOfPages":"312","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":181913,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1985/mi-85-1/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":344733,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1985/mi-85-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-85.825955,45.404296],[-85.833516,45.378175],[-85.88301,45.443479],[-85.834891,45.428356],[-85.825955,45.404296]]],[[[-86.093536,45.007838],[-86.133655,44.996874],[-86.154824,45.002394],[-86.156689,45.010535],[-86.141644,45.040251],[-86.117908,45.048478],[-86.079103,45.030795],[-86.100315,45.02624],[-86.093536,45.007838]]],[[[-86.033174,45.15842],[-85.993194,45.152805],[-85.976803,45.138363],[-85.984095,45.087073],[-85.976883,45.06266],[-85.99736,45.055929],[-86.058653,45.100776],[-86.065016,45.140266],[-86.050473,45.158418],[-86.033174,45.15842]]],[[[-88.684434,48.115785],[-88.656915,48.139225],[-88.547033,48.174891],[-88.524753,48.165291],[-88.501088,48.168181],[-88.482039,48.179915],[-88.422601,48.190975],[-88.418244,48.18037],[-88.419875,48.170731],[-88.459697,48.158551],[-88.566938,48.093719],[-88.578053,48.084373],[-88.579784,48.058669],[-88.670073,48.011446],[-88.899184,47.9533],[-88.962664,47.923512],[-88.968903,47.901675],[-88.942387,47.895436],[-88.899698,47.902445],[-88.911665,47.891344],[-89.157738,47.824015],[-89.19017,47.831603],[-89.201812,47.850243],[-89.234533,47.851718],[-89.228507,47.858039],[-89.255202,47.876102],[-89.179154,47.93503],[-88.940886,48.01959],[-88.915032,48.020681],[-88.835714,48.056752],[-88.787556,48.063035],[-88.764256,48.085189],[-88.684434,48.115785]]],[[[-84.612845,45.834528],[-84.650783,45.85921],[-84.646876,45.884642],[-84.622515,45.87753],[-84.578328,45.820092],[-84.432472,45.786732],[-84.421267,45.792694],[-84.42159,45.805651],[-84.403208,45.784394],[-84.35602,45.771895],[-84.372248,45.745784],[-84.405852,45.722417],[-84.484128,45.73071],[-84.612845,45.834528]]],[[[-85.524448,45.829794],[-85.450206,45.796677],[-85.450206,45.776452],[-85.462581,45.765864],[-85.507263,45.778237],[-85.532009,45.798172],[-85.524448,45.829794]]],[[[-85.696872,45.69725],[-85.701809,45.736129],[-85.688849,45.747238],[-85.651866,45.743139],[-85.649353,45.722552],[-85.672187,45.696633],[-85.696872,45.69725]]],[[[-85.360952,45.817554],[-85.351434,45.795663],[-85.359048,45.776627],[-85.377132,45.769013],[-85.394264,45.778531],[-85.377132,45.812795],[-85.360952,45.817554]]],[[[-85.566441,45.760222],[-85.53562,45.750394],[-85.506133,45.754715],[-85.497656,45.746246],[-85.515145,45.749451],[-85.520803,45.737247],[-85.498777,45.726291],[-85.494016,45.698476],[-85.506104,45.681148],[-85.490252,45.652122],[-85.487026,45.621211],[-85.534064,45.578198],[-85.561634,45.572213],[-85.618049,45.582647],[-85.630016,45.598166],[-85.604521,45.639256],[-85.604881,45.681932],[-85.572309,45.711449],[-85.566441,45.760222]]],[[[-86.626187,45.573581],[-86.622023,45.55633],[-86.636895,45.542053],[-86.648792,45.543243],[-86.661284,45.574176],[-86.712328,45.610939],[-86.67727,45.613689],[-86.626187,45.573581]]],[[[-83.880387,41.720089],[-84.806082,41.696089],[-84.805883,41.760216],[-86.823628,41.76024],[-86.717037,41.819349],[-86.619442,41.893827],[-86.582197,41.942241],[-86.485223,42.118239],[-86.356218,42.254166],[-86.297168,42.358207],[-86.261573,42.443894],[-86.226037,42.592811],[-86.22905,42.637693],[-86.206834,42.719424],[-86.210737,42.859128],[-86.232707,43.015762],[-86.280756,43.136015],[-86.407832,43.338436],[-86.479276,43.515335],[-86.529507,43.593462],[-86.540916,43.633158],[-86.529686,43.676849],[-86.463436,43.744687],[-86.43114,43.815569],[-86.462756,43.969655],[-86.508827,44.032755],[-86.514704,44.057672],[-86.421576,44.128962],[-86.362847,44.208113],[-86.343793,44.249608],[-86.26871,44.345324],[-86.248083,44.420946],[-86.248914,44.483004],[-86.220697,44.566742],[-86.22545,44.59459],[-86.259029,44.663654],[-86.256796,44.686769],[-86.232482,44.70605],[-86.09074,44.740544],[-86.074658,44.766792],[-86.065966,44.821522],[-86.072468,44.884788],[-86.066745,44.905685],[-86.038332,44.915696],[-86.021513,44.902774],[-85.992535,44.900026],[-85.9316,44.968788],[-85.897626,44.962014],[-85.869852,44.939031],[-85.807403,44.949814],[-85.780439,44.977932],[-85.771395,45.015181],[-85.746444,45.051229],[-85.695715,45.076461],[-85.656024,45.145788],[-85.618639,45.186771],[-85.606963,45.178477],[-85.585986,45.180381],[-85.551072,45.210742],[-85.540497,45.210169],[-85.526734,45.189316],[-85.531461,45.177247],[-85.564897,45.153962],[-85.599801,45.149286],[-85.614319,45.127562],[-85.583198,45.071304],[-85.566066,45.059201],[-85.56613,45.043633],[-85.597181,45.040547],[-85.599652,45.021749],[-85.621878,45.004529],[-85.602356,44.974272],[-85.602034,44.926743],[-85.621403,44.923123],[-85.645456,44.883645],[-85.652355,44.849092],[-85.637,44.790078],[-85.640781,44.775561],[-85.627982,44.767508],[-85.593833,44.768651],[-85.581717,44.807784],[-85.532931,44.87319],[-85.530729,44.889182],[-85.559524,44.888113],[-85.564509,44.895246],[-85.533553,44.925762],[-85.520034,44.973996],[-85.475204,44.991053],[-85.464944,44.961062],[-85.48574,44.953626],[-85.500872,44.85883],[-85.555894,44.818256],[-85.57517,44.762766],[-85.554774,44.748917],[-85.527216,44.748235],[-85.504775,44.768082],[-85.509251,44.787334],[-85.499591,44.803838],[-85.462943,44.825044],[-85.3958,44.931018],[-85.378286,44.998587],[-85.380659,45.046319],[-85.366412,45.069023],[-85.366908,45.116938],[-85.386726,45.189497],[-85.388593,45.23524],[-85.371593,45.270834],[-85.307646,45.31314],[-85.262996,45.319507],[-85.196704,45.360641],[-85.143651,45.370369],[-85.032813,45.361251],[-84.91585,45.393115],[-84.912956,45.409776],[-84.922006,45.421914],[-84.990041,45.427618],[-84.978373,45.420171],[-85.040272,45.436509],[-85.087756,45.476335],[-85.115479,45.539406],[-85.119026,45.573002],[-85.07491,45.629242],[-85.007026,45.65636],[-84.942636,45.714292],[-84.951745,45.737326],[-85.011433,45.757962],[-85.00741,45.763168],[-84.805114,45.746378],[-84.781995,45.760345],[-84.7798,45.76965],[-84.79229,45.778464],[-84.780313,45.787224],[-84.734065,45.788205],[-84.715996,45.766174],[-84.573631,45.710381],[-84.46168,45.652404],[-84.442348,45.654771],[-84.427495,45.669201],[-84.376403,45.655565],[-84.329537,45.66438],[-84.215268,45.634767],[-84.128867,45.562284],[-84.122309,45.523788],[-84.095905,45.497298],[-84.056138,45.489349],[-84.028813,45.497225],[-83.939261,45.493189],[-83.909472,45.485784],[-83.806622,45.419159],[-83.721815,45.413304],[-83.599273,45.352561],[-83.570361,45.347198],[-83.538306,45.358167],[-83.514717,45.34646],[-83.488826,45.355872],[-83.422486,45.290989],[-83.381743,45.268983],[-83.41241,45.238905],[-83.363678,45.166469],[-83.316118,45.141958],[-83.30788,45.099093],[-83.265896,45.026844],[-83.340257,45.041545],[-83.36747,45.062268],[-83.399255,45.070364],[-83.433798,45.057616],[-83.453363,45.035331],[-83.446342,45.016655],[-83.431254,45.007998],[-83.450013,44.990219],[-83.433032,44.93289],[-83.404596,44.918761],[-83.39396,44.903056],[-83.320503,44.880571],[-83.321241,44.852962],[-83.300648,44.829831],[-83.296265,44.743502],[-83.274674,44.70477],[-83.287802,44.657703],[-83.31445,44.608926],[-83.308471,44.539902],[-83.326824,44.444411],[-83.321553,44.409119],[-83.333757,44.372486],[-83.332533,44.340464],[-83.343738,44.329763],[-83.373607,44.327784],[-83.414301,44.294543],[-83.425762,44.272487],[-83.442731,44.265361],[-83.460958,44.278176],[-83.500392,44.27661],[-83.53771,44.248171],[-83.567744,44.155899],[-83.573071,44.101298],[-83.591361,44.079237],[-83.58409,44.056748],[-83.650116,44.052404],[-83.679654,44.036365],[-83.687892,44.020709],[-83.680108,43.994196],[-83.76283,43.985361],[-83.82808,43.989003],[-83.877047,43.959351],[-83.890912,43.923314],[-83.907388,43.918062],[-83.916815,43.89905],[-83.929375,43.777091],[-83.945426,43.759946],[-83.954792,43.760932],[-83.939297,43.715369],[-83.909479,43.672622],[-83.852076,43.644922],[-83.770693,43.628691],[-83.769886,43.634924],[-83.725793,43.618691],[-83.703446,43.597646],[-83.669795,43.59079],[-83.553707,43.685432],[-83.540187,43.708746],[-83.515853,43.718157],[-83.506657,43.710907],[-83.48007,43.714636],[-83.470053,43.723418],[-83.440171,43.761694],[-83.446752,43.77186],[-83.438311,43.786846],[-83.411453,43.805033],[-83.407647,43.831998],[-83.33227,43.880522],[-83.331788,43.893901],[-83.347365,43.91216],[-83.30569,43.922489],[-83.28231,43.938031],[-83.26185,43.969021],[-83.227093,43.981003],[-83.058741,44.006224],[-83.024604,44.045174],[-82.990728,44.048846],[-82.967439,44.066138],[-82.915976,44.070503],[-82.889831,44.050952],[-82.793205,44.023247],[-82.783198,44.009366],[-82.746255,43.996037],[-82.678642,43.88373],[-82.65545,43.867883],[-82.643166,43.852468],[-82.647784,43.842684],[-82.633641,43.831224],[-82.612224,43.739771],[-82.597911,43.590016],[-82.539517,43.437539],[-82.523086,43.225361],[-82.486684,43.104688],[-82.415937,43.005555],[-82.42455,42.993393],[-82.412965,42.977041],[-82.455027,42.926866],[-82.469912,42.887459],[-82.468961,42.852314],[-82.482045,42.808629],[-82.467483,42.76191],[-82.510533,42.665172],[-82.518782,42.613888],[-82.589779,42.550678],[-82.640916,42.554973],[-82.686417,42.518597],[-82.664335,42.546244],[-82.680758,42.557909],[-82.688061,42.588417],[-82.701152,42.585991],[-82.713042,42.597904],[-82.683482,42.609433],[-82.690124,42.625033],[-82.669103,42.637225],[-82.645715,42.631145],[-82.630922,42.64211],[-82.623043,42.655951],[-82.630851,42.673341],[-82.700964,42.689548],[-82.813518,42.640833],[-82.819017,42.616333],[-82.789017,42.603434],[-82.782414,42.564834],[-82.834216,42.567849],[-82.874416,42.523535],[-82.883915,42.471836],[-82.870572,42.451235],[-82.894013,42.389437],[-82.915114,42.378137],[-82.928815,42.359437],[-82.92397,42.352068],[-83.064121,42.317738],[-83.096521,42.290138],[-83.128022,42.238839],[-83.133923,42.17474],[-83.121323,42.125742],[-83.133511,42.088143],[-83.157624,42.085542],[-83.188598,42.066431],[-83.181475,42.019301],[-83.187246,42.007573],[-83.208647,42.00504],[-83.216835,41.98862],[-83.248741,41.972735],[-83.269521,41.939042],[-83.292761,41.944616],[-83.315859,41.935893],[-83.341557,41.879956],[-83.366187,41.865505],[-83.379705,41.871729],[-83.40822,41.832654],[-83.436298,41.816471],[-83.443364,41.789118],[-83.42418,41.741042],[-83.503433,41.731547],[-83.880387,41.720089]]],[[[-88.116846,45.921703],[-88.189789,45.952208],[-88.209585,45.94428],[-88.239672,45.948982],[-88.249117,45.963663],[-88.292381,45.951115],[-88.316894,45.960969],[-88.326003,45.9553],[-88.334628,45.968808],[-88.380183,45.991654],[-88.414849,45.975483],[-88.458658,45.999391],[-88.492495,45.992157],[-88.509516,46.019169],[-88.565485,46.015708],[-88.589,46.005077],[-88.598093,46.017623],[-88.613063,45.990627],[-88.663697,45.989084],[-88.674606,46.010567],[-88.698716,46.017903],[-88.718397,46.013284],[-88.730675,46.026535],[-88.776187,46.015931],[-88.784411,46.032709],[-88.811948,46.021609],[-88.837991,46.030176],[-89.09163,46.138505],[-90.120489,46.336852],[-90.116844,46.355153],[-90.157851,46.409291],[-90.163422,46.434605],[-90.220532,46.503403],[-90.263018,46.502777],[-90.277131,46.524487],[-90.312581,46.517113],[-90.310329,46.536852],[-90.331887,46.553278],[-90.344338,46.552087],[-90.349462,46.53808],[-90.39332,46.532615],[-90.41562,46.563169],[-90.327626,46.607744],[-90.306609,46.602741],[-90.164026,46.645515],[-90.028392,46.67439],[-89.918466,46.740324],[-89.846962,46.796556],[-89.790663,46.818469],[-89.678469,46.832923],[-89.619329,46.81889],[-89.516895,46.841025],[-89.415154,46.843983],[-89.228362,46.912751],[-89.128698,46.992599],[-89.086742,46.985298],[-89.02893,47.00114],[-88.998907,46.99531],[-88.972802,47.002096],[-88.925586,47.040923],[-88.890708,47.099024],[-88.848176,47.115065],[-88.816684,47.139938],[-88.764351,47.155762],[-88.676624,47.216918],[-88.573997,47.245989],[-88.498756,47.295256],[-88.418841,47.371058],[-88.285635,47.422146],[-88.23944,47.429923],[-88.217822,47.448738],[-88.040291,47.475999],[-87.801184,47.473301],[-87.715942,47.439816],[-87.710471,47.4062],[-87.75138,47.405066],[-87.815371,47.38479],[-87.8567,47.395387],[-87.957058,47.38726],[-87.965598,47.368645],[-87.938787,47.346777],[-87.94336,47.335899],[-88.06009,47.295796],[-88.163059,47.216278],[-88.227552,47.199938],[-88.242109,47.172184],[-88.239487,47.151176],[-88.231797,47.149609],[-88.239895,47.139436],[-88.262537,47.145087],[-88.281652,47.138239],[-88.297547,47.098639],[-88.346501,47.079407],[-88.367624,47.019213],[-88.410157,46.978782],[-88.443901,46.972251],[-88.474217,46.889034],[-88.483748,46.831727],[-88.462349,46.786711],[-88.438427,46.786714],[-88.38141,46.838466],[-88.375577,46.857313],[-88.352145,46.857009],[-88.244437,46.929612],[-88.145561,46.966409],[-88.132957,46.962237],[-88.185964,46.920025],[-88.175197,46.90458],[-88.083937,46.920112],[-88.004298,46.906982],[-87.900695,46.909682],[-87.847037,46.884163],[-87.816794,46.891154],[-87.783216,46.879927],[-87.766243,46.861446],[-87.741857,46.865274],[-87.72588,46.827426],[-87.69459,46.827182],[-87.681561,46.842392],[-87.662261,46.815157],[-87.6333,46.812107],[-87.595307,46.78295],[-87.581674,46.729399],[-87.523308,46.688488],[-87.503238,46.647796],[-87.469023,46.635918],[-87.464108,46.614811],[-87.442612,46.602776],[-87.383961,46.59307],[-87.381649,46.580059],[-87.392974,46.572523],[-87.375613,46.54714],[-87.393985,46.533183],[-87.352448,46.501324],[-87.259116,46.488283],[-87.12744,46.494014],[-87.008724,46.532723],[-86.964534,46.516549],[-86.947077,46.472064],[-86.903742,46.466138],[-86.889094,46.458499],[-86.883919,46.441514],[-86.850111,46.434114],[-86.816026,46.437892],[-86.803557,46.466669],[-86.768516,46.479072],[-86.735929,46.475231],[-86.70323,46.439378],[-86.686412,46.454965],[-86.683819,46.498079],[-86.701929,46.511571],[-86.709325,46.543914],[-86.678182,46.561039],[-86.656479,46.558453],[-86.62738,46.53371],[-86.646393,46.485776],[-86.627441,46.47754],[-86.612173,46.493295],[-86.609039,46.470239],[-86.586168,46.463324],[-86.469306,46.551422],[-86.437167,46.54896],[-86.34989,46.578035],[-86.161681,46.669475],[-86.138295,46.672935],[-86.119862,46.657256],[-86.099843,46.654615],[-85.877908,46.690914],[-85.751345,46.67743],[-85.50951,46.675786],[-85.257999,46.753078],[-85.173042,46.763634],[-85.063556,46.757856],[-84.954009,46.771362],[-85.007616,46.728339],[-85.027513,46.697451],[-85.037056,46.600995],[-85.025491,46.546397],[-85.056133,46.52652],[-85.049847,46.503963],[-85.025598,46.483028],[-84.969464,46.47629],[-84.937145,46.489252],[-84.921931,46.469962],[-84.861448,46.46993],[-84.829491,46.444071],[-84.769151,46.453523],[-84.678423,46.487694],[-84.63102,46.484868],[-84.573522,46.427895],[-84.551496,46.418522],[-84.503719,46.43919],[-84.471848,46.434289],[-84.455527,46.453897],[-84.463322,46.467435],[-84.445149,46.489016],[-84.420274,46.501077],[-84.343599,46.507713],[-84.275814,46.492821],[-84.254434,46.500821],[-84.226131,46.53392],[-84.193729,46.53992],[-84.177428,46.52692],[-84.128925,46.530119],[-84.111225,46.504119],[-84.146172,46.41852],[-84.138906,46.372221],[-84.106247,46.321963],[-84.119629,46.315013],[-84.115563,46.268225],[-84.097766,46.256512],[-84.118175,46.233968],[-84.14595,46.224995],[-84.182732,46.23545],[-84.219494,46.231992],[-84.249164,46.206461],[-84.247687,46.17989],[-84.221001,46.163062],[-84.196669,46.16615],[-84.177298,46.183993],[-84.125022,46.180209],[-84.100126,46.15077],[-84.026536,46.131648],[-84.061329,46.113482],[-84.072398,46.09669],[-84.066257,46.087438],[-83.989526,46.032823],[-83.943933,46.031465],[-83.900535,45.998918],[-83.873147,45.993426],[-83.845399,46.025679],[-83.830146,46.022324],[-83.818202,46.002425],[-83.794055,45.995801],[-83.765277,46.018363],[-83.773785,46.051471],[-83.796555,46.056688],[-83.81252,46.073469],[-83.824036,46.103638],[-83.815826,46.108529],[-83.771821,46.090999],[-83.728165,46.090957],[-83.703861,46.103366],[-83.63498,46.103953],[-83.581315,46.089613],[-83.547202,46.047868],[-83.532913,46.011328],[-83.473946,45.988558],[-83.510623,45.929324],[-83.561838,45.912562],[-83.65766,45.945463],[-83.687695,45.935389],[-83.78611,45.933375],[-83.803332,45.943362],[-83.835505,45.941843],[-83.840869,45.952726],[-83.879616,45.966196],[-83.921257,45.958075],[-83.985141,45.967133],[-84.017565,45.959046],[-84.090391,45.967256],[-84.111174,45.978675],[-84.169368,45.966919],[-84.238174,45.967595],[-84.253993,45.956727],[-84.330346,45.956043],[-84.376429,45.931962],[-84.428239,45.958144],[-84.443086,45.977825],[-84.459956,45.970343],[-84.488536,45.98882],[-84.507201,45.991169],[-84.514071,45.971292],[-84.532392,45.969448],[-84.540995,46.019501],[-84.563891,46.032459],[-84.609063,46.026418],[-84.656567,46.052654],[-84.692735,46.027019],[-84.685254,45.973454],[-84.723039,45.967279],[-84.738849,45.945792],[-84.713614,45.920366],[-84.734002,45.907026],[-84.721277,45.873911],[-84.702122,45.853935],[-84.720609,45.848116],[-84.725734,45.837045],[-84.746985,45.835597],[-84.828996,45.871209],[-84.842147,45.898005],[-84.917288,45.930576],[-84.971232,45.984208],[-85.020951,46.012845],[-85.14516,46.050035],[-85.197523,46.044878],[-85.222416,46.060629],[-85.266385,46.065779],[-85.335466,46.092459],[-85.381263,46.082086],[-85.409463,46.100585],[-85.426916,46.101964],[-85.445835,46.086426],[-85.499422,46.09692],[-85.539479,46.080416],[-85.603785,46.030363],[-85.663966,45.967013],[-85.697203,45.960158],[-85.8092,45.979931],[-85.842404,45.965247],[-85.893196,45.967253],[-85.922737,45.948287],[-85.926017,45.932104],[-85.910264,45.922112],[-85.920581,45.920994],[-85.998868,45.950968],[-86.094753,45.966704],[-86.159415,45.953765],[-86.208255,45.962978],[-86.22906,45.94857],[-86.278007,45.942057],[-86.324232,45.90608],[-86.332625,45.851813],[-86.349134,45.83416],[-86.351658,45.798132],[-86.369918,45.789254],[-86.415971,45.793793],[-86.439661,45.760669],[-86.47905,45.757416],[-86.486028,45.746608],[-86.51457,45.752337],[-86.53328,45.710849],[-86.580936,45.71192],[-86.587528,45.666456],[-86.625132,45.663819],[-86.616893,45.606796],[-86.687208,45.634253],[-86.695275,45.648175],[-86.708038,45.649202],[-86.718191,45.67732],[-86.705184,45.690901],[-86.689102,45.687862],[-86.665677,45.702217],[-86.67148,45.72053],[-86.633138,45.747654],[-86.631018,45.782019],[-86.583391,45.778242],[-86.576858,45.801473],[-86.557215,45.808172],[-86.555186,45.831696],[-86.529208,45.853043],[-86.529573,45.874974],[-86.541464,45.890234],[-86.583304,45.898784],[-86.603293,45.876626],[-86.625736,45.868295],[-86.632478,45.843309],[-86.645998,45.833888],[-86.721113,45.845431],[-86.749638,45.867796],[-86.78208,45.860195],[-86.773279,45.811385],[-86.821523,45.770356],[-86.838658,45.741831],[-86.838746,45.722307],[-86.944158,45.695833],[-86.964275,45.672761],[-86.984588,45.705812],[-86.975224,45.75313],[-86.988438,45.810621],[-87.00508,45.831718],[-87.031435,45.837238],[-87.057439,45.812483],[-87.064302,45.758828],[-87.05555,45.751535],[-87.057444,45.736822],[-87.070442,45.718779],[-87.059953,45.708893],[-87.093365,45.701473],[-87.172241,45.661788],[-87.196852,45.636275],[-87.333407,45.446056],[-87.327749,45.425307],[-87.3925,45.369028],[-87.431684,45.316383],[-87.438908,45.293405],[-87.600796,45.146842],[-87.612019,45.123377],[-87.601086,45.104092],[-87.581969,45.097206],[-87.590208,45.095264],[-87.657135,45.107568],[-87.683902,45.144135],[-87.735135,45.171538],[-87.741805,45.197051],[-87.72796,45.207956],[-87.698248,45.281512],[-87.648126,45.339396],[-87.656624,45.367295],[-87.690281,45.389822],[-87.754104,45.349442],[-87.823028,45.35265],[-87.848368,45.340676],[-87.871204,45.360056],[-87.886949,45.35311],[-87.850969,45.401925],[-87.860432,45.423504],[-87.855298,45.441379],[-87.812976,45.464159],[-87.793447,45.498372],[-87.803364,45.537016],[-87.832296,45.558767],[-87.831689,45.568035],[-87.790874,45.564096],[-87.777671,45.609204],[-87.824676,45.653211],[-87.780808,45.680349],[-87.809075,45.699717],[-87.810144,45.71023],[-87.85548,45.726943],[-87.875813,45.753888],[-87.963452,45.75822],[-87.986429,45.769596],[-87.982617,45.782944],[-87.995876,45.795435],[-88.072091,45.780261],[-88.129461,45.809288],[-88.13611,45.819029],[-88.073134,45.871952],[-88.101814,45.883504],[-88.105677,45.904387],[-88.095354,45.913895],[-88.116846,45.921703]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Michigan\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fcd3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, J. B.","contributorId":70423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oberg, J.L.","contributorId":54669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oberg","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Failing, J.C.","contributorId":76822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Failing","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":254029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":16361,"text":"ofr87309 - 1986 - Vector data structure conversion at the EROS Data Center","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-28T15:04:26","indexId":"ofr87309","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-309","title":"Vector data structure conversion at the EROS Data Center","docAbstract":"With the increasing prevalence of GIS systems and the processing of spatial data, conversion of data from one system to another has become a more serious problem. This report describes the approach taken to arrive at a solution at the EROS Data Center.
The report consists of a main section and a number of appendices. The methodology is described in the main section, while the appendices have system specific descriptions. The overall approach is based on a central conversion hub consisting of a relational database manager and associated tools, with a standard data structure for the transfer of spatial data. This approach is the best compromise between the two goals of reducing the overall interfacing effort and producing efficient system interfaces, while the tools can be used to arrive at a progression of interface sophistication ranging from toolbench to smooth flow.
The appendices provide detailed information on a number of spatial data handling systems and data structures and existing interfaces as well as interfaces developed with the described methodology.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr87309","usgsCitation":"van Roessel, J.W., and Doescher, S.W., 1986, Vector data structure conversion at the EROS Data Center: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-309, vii, 134 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr87309.","productDescription":"vii, 134 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":147488,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0309/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":45283,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0309/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db60274f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Roessel, Jan W.","contributorId":35745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Roessel","given":"Jan","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":172724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doescher, S. W.","contributorId":87557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doescher","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":2967,"text":"wsp2276 - 1986 - Techniques for estimating streamflow characteristics in the Eastern and Interior coal provinces of the United States","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":11641,"text":"ofr83948 - 1984 - Techniques for estimating streamflow characteristics in the Eastern and Interior coal provinces of the United States","indexId":"ofr83948","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Techniques for estimating streamflow characteristics in the Eastern and Interior coal provinces of the United States"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2967,"text":"wsp2276 - 1986 - Techniques for estimating streamflow characteristics in the Eastern and Interior coal provinces of the United States","indexId":"wsp2276","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Techniques for estimating streamflow characteristics in the Eastern and Interior coal provinces of the United States"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-17T12:45:07","indexId":"wsp2276","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2276","title":"Techniques for estimating streamflow characteristics in the Eastern and Interior coal provinces of the United States","docAbstract":"Techniques are presented for estimating various streamflow characteristics, such as peak flows, mean monthly and annual flows, flow durations, and flow volumes, at ungaged sites on unregulated streams in the Eastern Coal region. Streamflow data and basin characteristics for 629 gaging stations were used to develop multiple-linear-regression equations. Separate equations were developed for the Eastern and Interior Coal Provinces. \r\n\r\nDrainage area is an independent variable common to all equations. Other variables needed, depending on the streamflow characteristic, are mean annual precipitation, mean basin elevation, main channel length, basin storage, main channel slope, and forest cover. \r\n\r\nA ratio of the observed 50- to 90-percent flow durations was used in the development of relations to estimate low-flow frequencies in the Eastern Coal Province. Relations to estimate low flows in the Interior Coal Province are not presented because the standard errors were greater than 0.7500 log units and were considered to be of poor reliability.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp2276","usgsCitation":"Wetzel, K.L., and Bettandorff, J., 1986, Techniques for estimating streamflow characteristics in the Eastern and Interior coal provinces of the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2276, iii, 80 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 2 plates in pocket, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2276.","productDescription":"iii, 80 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 2 plates in pocket","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":139271,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2276/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":247259,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2276/plate-1.pdf","size":"5722","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247260,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2276/plate-2.pdf","size":"4661","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":29699,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2276/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685c14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wetzel, Kim L.","contributorId":104884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wetzel","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bettandorff, J.M.","contributorId":67499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bettandorff","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":55182,"text":"wdrHI851 - 1986 - Water resources data for Hawaii and other Pacific areas, water year 1985: Volume 1. Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-06T16:27:33.513392","indexId":"wdrHI851","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"HI-85-1","title":"Water resources data for Hawaii and other Pacific areas, water year 1985: Volume 1. Hawaii","docAbstract":"Water resources data for the 1985 water year for Hawaii and other Pacific Areas consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams and springs; and water levels and water quality in wells. This report, volume 1, contains discharge records for 98 gaging stations; water quality for 13 gaging stations, 100 partial-record flow stations, and 154 wells; and water levels for 39 observation wells. Also included are 108 crest-stage partial-record stations and 20 low-flow partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites, not part of the systematic data collection program, are published as miscellaneous measurements. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State, Federal, and other agencies in Hawaii.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrHI851","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Water and Land Development and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1986, Water resources data for Hawaii and other Pacific areas, water year 1985, volume 1, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report HI-85-1, 302 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrHI851.","productDescription":"x, 302 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174384,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1985/hi-85-1/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":500863,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1985/hi-85-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-155.778234,20.245743],[-155.772734,20.245409],[-155.746893,20.232325],[-155.737004,20.222773],[-155.735822,20.212417],[-155.732704,20.205392],[-155.653966,20.16736],[-155.630382,20.146916],[-155.624565,20.145911],[-155.607797,20.137987],[-155.600909,20.126573],[-155.598033,20.124539],[-155.590923,20.122497],[-155.58168,20.123617],[-155.568368,20.130545],[-155.558933,20.13157],[-155.523661,20.120028],[-155.516795,20.11523],[-155.502561,20.114155],[-155.468211,20.104296],[-155.443957,20.095318],[-155.405459,20.078772],[-155.4024,20.075541],[-155.387578,20.067119],[-155.33021,20.038517],[-155.29548,20.024438],[-155.282629,20.021969],[-155.270316,20.014525],[-155.240933,19.990173],[-155.204486,19.969438],[-155.194593,19.958368],[-155.179939,19.949372],[-155.149215,19.922872],[-155.144394,19.920523],[-155.131235,19.906801],[-155.124618,19.897288],[-155.12175,19.886099],[-155.107541,19.872467],[-155.098716,19.867811],[-155.095032,19.867882],[-155.086341,19.855399],[-155.084357,19.849736],[-155.085674,19.838584],[-155.088979,19.826656],[-155.094414,19.81491],[-155.09207,19.799409],[-155.091216,19.776368],[-155.093517,19.771832],[-155.093387,19.737751],[-155.087118,19.728013],[-155.079426,19.726193],[-155.063972,19.728917],[-155.045382,19.739824],[-155.006423,19.739286],[-154.997278,19.72858],[-154.987168,19.708524],[-154.981102,19.690687],[-154.984718,19.672161],[-154.983778,19.641647],[-154.974342,19.633201],[-154.963933,19.627605],[-154.950359,19.626461],[-154.947874,19.62425],[-154.947718,19.621947],[-154.951014,19.613614],[-154.947106,19.604856],[-154.93394,19.597505],[-154.928205,19.592702],[-154.924422,19.586553],[-154.903542,19.570622],[-154.875,19.556797],[-154.852618,19.549172],[-154.837384,19.538354],[-154.826732,19.537626],[-154.814417,19.53009],[-154.809561,19.522377],[-154.809379,19.519086],[-154.822968,19.48129],[-154.838545,19.463642],[-154.86854,19.438126],[-154.887817,19.426425],[-154.928772,19.397646],[-154.944185,19.381852],[-154.964619,19.365646],[-154.980861,19.349291],[-155.020537,19.331317],[-155.061729,19.316636],[-155.113272,19.290613],[-155.1337,19.276099],[-155.159635,19.268375],[-155.172413,19.26906],[-155.187427,19.266156],[-155.19626,19.261295],[-155.205892,19.260907],[-155.243961,19.271313],[-155.264619,19.274213],[-155.296761,19.266289],[-155.303808,19.261835],[-155.31337,19.250698],[-155.341268,19.234039],[-155.349148,19.217756],[-155.360631,19.20893],[-155.378638,19.202435],[-155.390701,19.201171],[-155.417369,19.187858],[-155.427093,19.179546],[-155.432519,19.170623],[-155.453516,19.151952],[-155.465663,19.146964],[-155.505281,19.137908],[-155.51474,19.132501],[-155.51214,19.128174],[-155.512137,19.124296],[-155.519652,19.117025],[-155.526136,19.115889],[-155.528902,19.11371],[-155.544806,19.091059],[-155.551129,19.08878],[-155.557817,19.08213],[-155.555326,19.069377],[-155.555177,19.053932],[-155.557371,19.046565],[-155.566446,19.032531],[-155.576599,19.027412],[-155.581903,19.02224],[-155.596032,18.998833],[-155.596521,18.980654],[-155.601866,18.971572],[-155.613966,18.970399],[-155.625256,18.961951],[-155.625,18.959934],[-155.638054,18.941723],[-155.658486,18.924835],[-155.672005,18.917466],[-155.681825,18.918694],[-155.687716,18.923358],[-155.690171,18.932195],[-155.693117,18.940542],[-155.726043,18.969437],[-155.763598,18.981837],[-155.806109,19.013967],[-155.853943,19.023762],[-155.88155,19.036644],[-155.884077,19.039266],[-155.886278,19.05576],[-155.903693,19.080777],[-155.908355,19.081138],[-155.921389,19.121183],[-155.917292,19.155963],[-155.903339,19.217792],[-155.90491,19.230147],[-155.902565,19.258427],[-155.895435,19.274639],[-155.890842,19.298905],[-155.887356,19.337101],[-155.888701,19.348031],[-155.898792,19.377984],[-155.913849,19.401107],[-155.909087,19.415455],[-155.921707,19.43055],[-155.924269,19.438794],[-155.925166,19.468081],[-155.922609,19.478611],[-155.924124,19.481406],[-155.930523,19.484921],[-155.935641,19.485628],[-155.936403,19.481905],[-155.939145,19.481577],[-155.95149,19.486649],[-155.952897,19.488805],[-155.953663,19.510003],[-155.960457,19.546612],[-155.962264,19.551779],[-155.965211,19.554745],[-155.96935,19.555963],[-155.970969,19.586328],[-155.978206,19.608159],[-155.997728,19.642816],[-156.028982,19.650098],[-156.032928,19.653905],[-156.034994,19.65936],[-156.033326,19.66923],[-156.027427,19.672154],[-156.029281,19.678908],[-156.036079,19.690252],[-156.04796,19.698938],[-156.051652,19.703649],[-156.052485,19.718667],[-156.064364,19.730766],[-156.05722,19.742536],[-156.052315,19.756836],[-156.049651,19.780452],[-156.021732,19.8022],[-156.006267,19.81758],[-155.982821,19.845651],[-155.976651,19.85053],[-155.964817,19.855183],[-155.949251,19.857034],[-155.945297,19.853443],[-155.940311,19.852305],[-155.925843,19.858928],[-155.926938,19.870221],[-155.92549,19.875],[-155.915662,19.887126],[-155.901987,19.912081],[-155.894099,19.923135],[-155.894474,19.926927],[-155.892533,19.932162],[-155.866919,19.954172],[-155.856588,19.968885],[-155.840708,19.976952],[-155.838692,19.975527],[-155.835312,19.976078],[-155.831948,19.982775],[-155.828965,19.995542],[-155.825473,20.025944],[-155.828182,20.035424],[-155.850385,20.062506],[-155.866931,20.078652],[-155.88419,20.10675],[-155.899149,20.145728],[-155.906035,20.205157],[-155.901452,20.235787],[-155.890663,20.25524],[-155.882631,20.263026],[-155.873921,20.267744],[-155.853293,20.271548],[-155.811459,20.26032],[-155.783242,20.246395],[-155.778234,20.245743]]],[[[-157.789581,21.438396],[-157.789734,21.437679],[-157.789276,21.435833],[-157.790543,21.434313],[-157.791718,21.434881],[-157.793045,21.43391],[-157.793167,21.43574],[-157.791565,21.43651],[-157.791779,21.437752],[-157.793289,21.437658],[-157.791779,21.438435],[-157.791092,21.438442],[-157.790741,21.43874],[-157.789581,21.438396]]],[[[-160.125,21.95909],[-160.122262,21.962881],[-160.112746,21.995245],[-160.09645,22.001489],[-160.072123,22.003334],[-160.058543,21.99638],[-160.051992,21.983681],[-160.052729,21.980321],[-160.056336,21.977939],[-160.060549,21.976729],[-160.063349,21.978354],[-160.065811,21.976562],[-160.078393,21.955153],[-160.085787,21.927295],[-160.080012,21.910808],[-160.079065,21.89608],[-160.098897,21.884711],[-160.124283,21.876789],[-160.147609,21.872814],[-160.16162,21.864746],[-160.174796,21.846923],[-160.189782,21.82245],[-160.205211,21.789053],[-160.200427,21.786479],[-160.205851,21.779518],[-160.218044,21.783755],[-160.23478,21.795418],[-160.24961,21.815145],[-160.244943,21.848943],[-160.231028,21.886263],[-160.228965,21.889117],[-160.21383,21.899193],[-160.205528,21.907507],[-160.202716,21.912422],[-160.190158,21.923592],[-160.167471,21.932863],[-160.13705,21.948632],[-160.127302,21.955508],[-160.125,21.95909]]],[[[-159.431707,22.220015],[-159.40732,22.230555],[-159.388119,22.223252],[-159.385977,22.220009],[-159.367563,22.214906],[-159.359842,22.214831],[-159.357227,22.217744],[-159.353795,22.217669],[-159.339964,22.208519],[-159.315613,22.186817],[-159.308855,22.155555],[-159.297808,22.149748],[-159.295875,22.144547],[-159.295271,22.13039],[-159.297143,22.113815],[-159.317451,22.080944],[-159.321667,22.063411],[-159.324775,22.05867],[-159.333267,22.054639],[-159.337996,22.046575],[-159.341401,22.028978],[-159.333224,21.973005],[-159.333109,21.964176],[-159.334714,21.961099],[-159.350828,21.950817],[-159.356613,21.939546],[-159.382349,21.924479],[-159.408284,21.897781],[-159.425862,21.884527],[-159.446599,21.871647],[-159.471962,21.88292],[-159.490914,21.888898],[-159.517973,21.890996],[-159.555415,21.891355],[-159.574991,21.896585],[-159.577784,21.900486],[-159.584272,21.899038],[-159.610241,21.898356],[-159.637849,21.917166],[-159.648132,21.93297],[-159.671872,21.957038],[-159.681493,21.960054],[-159.705255,21.963427],[-159.72014,21.970789],[-159.758218,21.980694],[-159.765735,21.986593],[-159.788139,22.018411],[-159.790932,22.031177],[-159.786543,22.06369],[-159.780096,22.072567],[-159.748159,22.100388],[-159.741223,22.115666],[-159.733457,22.142756],[-159.726043,22.152171],[-159.699978,22.165252],[-159.66984,22.170782],[-159.608794,22.207878],[-159.591596,22.219456],[-159.583965,22.22668],[-159.559643,22.229185],[-159.554166,22.228212],[-159.548594,22.226263],[-159.54115,22.216764],[-159.534594,22.219403],[-159.523769,22.217602],[-159.51941,22.215646],[-159.518348,22.211182],[-159.515574,22.208008],[-159.507811,22.205987],[-159.501055,22.211064],[-159.500821,22.225538],[-159.488558,22.23317],[-159.480158,22.232715],[-159.467007,22.226529],[-159.45619,22.228811],[-159.441809,22.226321],[-159.431707,22.220015]]],[[[-157.014553,21.185503],[-156.999108,21.182221],[-156.991318,21.18551],[-156.987768,21.18935],[-156.982343,21.207798],[-156.984464,21.210063],[-156.984032,21.212198],[-156.974002,21.218503],[-156.969064,21.217018],[-156.962847,21.212131],[-156.951654,21.191662],[-156.950808,21.182636],[-156.946159,21.175963],[-156.918248,21.168279],[-156.903466,21.16421],[-156.898174,21.16594],[-156.89613,21.169561],[-156.896537,21.172208],[-156.867944,21.16452],[-156.841592,21.167926],[-156.821944,21.174693],[-156.771495,21.180053],[-156.742231,21.176214],[-156.738341,21.17202],[-156.736648,21.16188],[-156.719386,21.163911],[-156.712696,21.161547],[-156.714158,21.152238],[-156.726033,21.13236],[-156.748932,21.1086],[-156.775995,21.089751],[-156.790815,21.081686],[-156.794136,21.075796],[-156.835351,21.06336],[-156.865795,21.057801],[-156.877137,21.0493],[-156.891946,21.051831],[-156.89517,21.055771],[-156.953719,21.067761],[-157.00295,21.083282],[-157.02617,21.089015],[-157.032045,21.091094],[-157.037667,21.097864],[-157.079696,21.105835],[-157.095373,21.10636],[-157.125,21.1026],[-157.143483,21.096632],[-157.254061,21.090601],[-157.298054,21.096917],[-157.313343,21.105755],[-157.299187,21.132488],[-157.299471,21.135972],[-157.293774,21.146127],[-157.284346,21.157755],[-157.276474,21.163175],[-157.274504,21.162762],[-157.259911,21.174875],[-157.254709,21.181376],[-157.251007,21.190952],[-157.25026,21.207739],[-157.256935,21.215665],[-157.261457,21.217661],[-157.263163,21.220873],[-157.26069,21.225684],[-157.257085,21.227268],[-157.241534,21.220969],[-157.226445,21.220185],[-157.212082,21.221848],[-157.202125,21.219298],[-157.192439,21.207644],[-157.185553,21.205602],[-157.157103,21.200706],[-157.148125,21.200745],[-157.144627,21.202555],[-157.128207,21.201488],[-157.113438,21.197375],[-157.097971,21.198012],[-157.064264,21.189076],[-157.053053,21.188754],[-157.047757,21.190739],[-157.039987,21.190909],[-157.014553,21.185503]]],[[[-156.544169,20.522802],[-156.550016,20.520273],[-156.559994,20.521892],[-156.586238,20.511711],[-156.603844,20.524372],[-156.631143,20.514943],[-156.642347,20.508285],[-156.647464,20.512017],[-156.668809,20.504738],[-156.682939,20.506775],[-156.703673,20.527237],[-156.702265,20.532451],[-156.696662,20.541646],[-156.6801,20.557021],[-156.651567,20.565574],[-156.614598,20.587109],[-156.610734,20.59377],[-156.576871,20.60657],[-156.56714,20.604895],[-156.553604,20.594729],[-156.543034,20.580115],[-156.542808,20.573674],[-156.548909,20.56859],[-156.556021,20.542657],[-156.553018,20.539382],[-156.540189,20.534741],[-156.539643,20.527644],[-156.544169,20.522802]]],[[[-156.612012,21.02477],[-156.612065,21.027273],[-156.606238,21.034371],[-156.592256,21.03288],[-156.580448,21.020172],[-156.562773,21.016167],[-156.549813,21.004939],[-156.546291,21.005082],[-156.528246,20.967757],[-156.518707,20.954662],[-156.512226,20.95128],[-156.510391,20.940358],[-156.507913,20.937886],[-156.49948,20.934577],[-156.495883,20.928005],[-156.493263,20.916011],[-156.481055,20.898199],[-156.474796,20.894546],[-156.422668,20.911631],[-156.386045,20.919563],[-156.374297,20.927616],[-156.370729,20.932669],[-156.352649,20.941414],[-156.345655,20.941596],[-156.342365,20.938737],[-156.332817,20.94645],[-156.324578,20.950184],[-156.307198,20.942739],[-156.286332,20.947701],[-156.275116,20.937361],[-156.263107,20.940888],[-156.242555,20.937838],[-156.230159,20.931936],[-156.230089,20.917864],[-156.226757,20.916677],[-156.222062,20.918309],[-156.217953,20.916573],[-156.216341,20.907035],[-156.173103,20.876926],[-156.170458,20.874605],[-156.166746,20.865646],[-156.132669,20.861369],[-156.129381,20.847513],[-156.115735,20.827301],[-156.100123,20.828502],[-156.090291,20.831872],[-156.059788,20.81054],[-156.033287,20.808246],[-156.003532,20.795545],[-156.002947,20.789418],[-155.987944,20.776552],[-155.984587,20.767496],[-155.986851,20.758577],[-155.985413,20.744245],[-155.987216,20.722717],[-155.991534,20.713654],[-156.00187,20.698064],[-156.01415,20.685681],[-156.020044,20.686857],[-156.030702,20.682452],[-156.040341,20.672719],[-156.043786,20.664902],[-156.053385,20.65432],[-156.059753,20.652044],[-156.081472,20.654387],[-156.089365,20.648519],[-156.120985,20.633685],[-156.129898,20.627523],[-156.142665,20.623605],[-156.144588,20.624032],[-156.148085,20.629067],[-156.156772,20.629639],[-156.169732,20.627358],[-156.173393,20.6241],[-156.184556,20.629719],[-156.192938,20.631769],[-156.210258,20.628518],[-156.225338,20.62294],[-156.236145,20.61595],[-156.265921,20.601629],[-156.284391,20.596488],[-156.288037,20.59203],[-156.293454,20.588783],[-156.302692,20.586199],[-156.322944,20.588273],[-156.351716,20.58697],[-156.359634,20.581977],[-156.370725,20.57876],[-156.377633,20.578427],[-156.415313,20.586099],[-156.417523,20.589728],[-156.415746,20.594044],[-156.417799,20.598682],[-156.423141,20.602079],[-156.427708,20.598873],[-156.431872,20.598143],[-156.438385,20.601337],[-156.444242,20.607941],[-156.442884,20.613842],[-156.450651,20.642212],[-156.445894,20.64927],[-156.443673,20.656018],[-156.448656,20.704739],[-156.451038,20.725469],[-156.452895,20.731287],[-156.458438,20.736676],[-156.462242,20.753952],[-156.462058,20.772571],[-156.464043,20.781667],[-156.473562,20.790756],[-156.489496,20.798339],[-156.501688,20.799933],[-156.506026,20.799463],[-156.515994,20.794234],[-156.525215,20.780821],[-156.537752,20.778408],[-156.631794,20.82124],[-156.678634,20.870541],[-156.688969,20.888673],[-156.687804,20.89072],[-156.688132,20.906325],[-156.691334,20.91244],[-156.697418,20.916368],[-156.69989,20.920629],[-156.69411,20.952708],[-156.680905,20.980262],[-156.665514,21.007054],[-156.652419,21.008994],[-156.645966,21.014416],[-156.642592,21.019936],[-156.644167,21.022312],[-156.642809,21.027583],[-156.619581,21.027793],[-156.612012,21.02477]]],[[[-157.010001,20.929757],[-156.989813,20.932127],[-156.971604,20.926254],[-156.937529,20.925274],[-156.91845,20.922546],[-156.897169,20.915395],[-156.837047,20.863575],[-156.825237,20.850731],[-156.809576,20.826036],[-156.808469,20.820396],[-156.809463,20.809169],[-156.817427,20.794606],[-156.838321,20.764575],[-156.846413,20.760201],[-156.851481,20.760069],[-156.869753,20.754701],[-156.890295,20.744855],[-156.909081,20.739533],[-156.949009,20.738997],[-156.96789,20.73508],[-156.984747,20.756677],[-156.994001,20.786671],[-156.988933,20.815496],[-156.991834,20.826603],[-157.006243,20.849603],[-157.010911,20.854476],[-157.054552,20.877219],[-157.059663,20.884634],[-157.061128,20.890635],[-157.062511,20.904385],[-157.05913,20.913407],[-157.035789,20.927078],[-157.025626,20.929528],[-157.010001,20.929757]]],[[[-158.044485,21.306011],[-158.0883,21.2988],[-158.1033,21.2979],[-158.1127,21.3019],[-158.1211,21.3169],[-158.1225,21.3224],[-158.111949,21.326622],[-158.114196,21.331123],[-158.119427,21.334594],[-158.125459,21.330264],[-158.13324,21.359207],[-158.1403,21.3738],[-158.149719,21.385208],[-158.161743,21.396282],[-158.1792,21.4043],[-158.181274,21.409626],[-158.181,21.420868],[-158.182648,21.430073],[-158.192352,21.44804],[-158.205383,21.459793],[-158.219446,21.46978],[-158.233,21.4876],[-158.231171,21.523857],[-158.23175,21.533035],[-158.234314,21.540058],[-158.250671,21.557373],[-158.27951,21.575794],[-158.277679,21.578789],[-158.254425,21.582684],[-158.190704,21.585892],[-158.17,21.5823],[-158.12561,21.586739],[-158.10672,21.596577],[-158.106689,21.603024],[-158.1095,21.6057],[-158.108185,21.607487],[-158.079895,21.628101],[-158.0668,21.6437],[-158.066711,21.65234],[-158.0639,21.6584],[-158.0372,21.6843],[-158.018127,21.699955],[-157.9923,21.708],[-157.98703,21.712494],[-157.968628,21.712704],[-157.947174,21.689568],[-157.939,21.669],[-157.9301,21.6552],[-157.924591,21.651183],[-157.9228,21.6361],[-157.9238,21.6293],[-157.910797,21.611183],[-157.900574,21.605885],[-157.87735,21.575277],[-157.878601,21.560181],[-157.872528,21.557568],[-157.8669,21.5637],[-157.85614,21.560661],[-157.85257,21.557514],[-157.836945,21.529945],[-157.837372,21.512085],[-157.849579,21.509598],[-157.852625,21.499971],[-157.84549,21.466747],[-157.84099,21.459483],[-157.82489,21.455379],[-157.8163,21.4502],[-157.8139,21.4403],[-157.8059,21.4301],[-157.786513,21.415633],[-157.779846,21.417309],[-157.774455,21.421352],[-157.772209,21.431236],[-157.774905,21.453698],[-157.772209,21.457741],[-157.764572,21.461335],[-157.754239,21.461335],[-157.737617,21.459089],[-157.731777,21.455944],[-157.731328,21.444713],[-157.73582,21.438424],[-157.740762,21.424048],[-157.741211,21.414614],[-157.7386,21.4043],[-157.730191,21.401871],[-157.728221,21.402104],[-157.726421,21.402845],[-157.724324,21.403311],[-157.723794,21.40329],[-157.723286,21.403227],[-157.722735,21.403121],[-157.722544,21.403036],[-157.721845,21.401596],[-157.721083,21.399541],[-157.7189,21.3961],[-157.7089,21.3833],[-157.7087,21.3793],[-157.7126,21.3689],[-157.7106,21.3585],[-157.7088,21.3534],[-157.6971,21.3364],[-157.6938,21.3329],[-157.6619,21.3131],[-157.6518,21.3139],[-157.652629,21.308709],[-157.6537,21.302],[-157.6946,21.2739],[-157.6944,21.2665],[-157.7001,21.264],[-157.7097,21.2621],[-157.7139,21.2638],[-157.7142,21.2665],[-157.7114,21.272],[-157.7122,21.2814],[-157.7143,21.2845],[-157.7213,21.2869],[-157.7572,21.278],[-157.765,21.2789],[-157.7782,21.2735],[-157.7931,21.2604],[-157.8096,21.2577],[-157.8211,21.2606],[-157.8241,21.2646],[-157.8253,21.2714],[-157.8319,21.2795],[-157.8457,21.29],[-157.89,21.3065],[-157.894518,21.319632],[-157.898969,21.327391],[-157.90482,21.329172],[-157.918939,21.318615],[-157.917921,21.313781],[-157.913469,21.310983],[-157.910925,21.305768],[-157.952263,21.306531],[-157.950736,21.312509],[-157.951881,21.318742],[-157.967971,21.327986],[-157.973334,21.327426],[-157.989424,21.317984],[-158.0245,21.3093],[-158.044485,21.306011]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Hawaii\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fee4b07f02db5f6f84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":532285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chinn, Salwyn S.W.","contributorId":91082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chinn","given":"Salwyn","email":"","middleInitial":"S.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":956476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tateishi, Grace A.","contributorId":362753,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tateishi","given":"Grace","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":956477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yee, Johnson J.S.","contributorId":54232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yee","given":"Johnson","email":"","middleInitial":"J.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":956478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":57445,"text":"wdrMS841 - 1986 - Water resources data for Mississippi, water year 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-28T13:43:22.200534","indexId":"wdrMS841","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"MS-84-1","title":"Water resources data for Mississippi, water year 1984","docAbstract":"Water resources data for the 1987 water year for Mississippi consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of ground-water wells. This report contains records of water discharge at 78 gaging stations; stage records for 18 of these gaging stations; stage only at 5 gaging stations; water quality for 11 stations, 3 precipitation quality stations, and 120 wells; and water levels for 498 observation wells. Also included are peak-discharge data for 56 crest-stage partial record stations, discharge data at 263 low-flow partial-record stations, and water quality data at 2 partial-record or miscellaneous sites. Locations of these sites are shown on Figures 4-6. Additional water data were collected at various sites, not part of the systematic data collection program, and are published as miscellaneous measurements. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Mississippi.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrMS841","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Mississippi and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Tharpe, E., Morris, F., and Oakley, W.T., 1986, Water resources data for Mississippi, water year 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report MS-84-1, vii, 340 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrMS841.","productDescription":"vii, 340 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":494989,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1984/ms-84-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":174618,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1984/ms-84-1/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-89.095623,30.231767],[-89.077259,30.23168],[-89.067128,30.250199],[-89.063989,30.246299],[-89.073538,30.223318],[-89.091469,30.202305],[-89.118222,30.223343],[-89.156738,30.230699],[-89.095623,30.231767]]],[[[-88.90037,30.224576],[-88.945498,30.209646],[-88.974672,30.207391],[-88.984249,30.21032],[-88.920511,30.220578],[-88.889797,30.239665],[-88.87366,30.241748],[-88.90037,30.224576]]],[[[-88.710719,30.250799],[-88.656804,30.233956],[-88.573044,30.22264],[-88.562067,30.227476],[-88.569138,30.221357],[-88.587424,30.219154],[-88.665857,30.228847],[-88.71183,30.242662],[-88.752782,30.238803],[-88.771991,30.245523],[-88.73255,30.246322],[-88.718104,30.252931],[-88.710719,30.250799]]],[[[-88.506999,30.214348],[-88.453444,30.201236],[-88.430332,30.208548],[-88.401466,30.210172],[-88.428301,30.198511],[-88.453654,30.196584],[-88.493523,30.205945],[-88.506999,30.214348]]],[[[-90.309297,34.995694],[-88.200064,34.995634],[-88.176106,34.962519],[-88.154617,34.922392],[-88.136692,34.907592],[-88.097888,34.892202],[-88.243025,33.79568],[-88.473227,31.893856],[-88.41863,30.866528],[-88.395023,30.369425],[-88.399062,30.360744],[-88.39398,30.349307],[-88.401181,30.344382],[-88.409927,30.342115],[-88.418811,30.353911],[-88.433891,30.354652],[-88.446495,30.347753],[-88.446625,30.337671],[-88.45381,30.329626],[-88.480117,30.318345],[-88.504802,30.321472],[-88.506334,30.327398],[-88.522494,30.340092],[-88.579483,30.34419],[-88.599249,30.358933],[-88.613745,30.353108],[-88.624523,30.358713],[-88.66382,30.362099],[-88.700587,30.343689],[-88.728893,30.342671],[-88.746945,30.347622],[-88.771742,30.365403],[-88.811615,30.384907],[-88.810227,30.394698],[-88.841328,30.409598],[-88.857828,30.392898],[-88.851442,30.375355],[-88.89393,30.393398],[-88.971233,30.390798],[-89.016334,30.383898],[-89.083237,30.368097],[-89.18684,30.331197],[-89.285744,30.303097],[-89.294444,30.307596],[-89.291844,30.328096],[-89.287844,30.333196],[-89.281564,30.33198],[-89.279818,30.34979],[-89.292499,30.365635],[-89.315067,30.375408],[-89.335942,30.374016],[-89.353248,30.368795],[-89.366116,30.352169],[-89.332546,30.337895],[-89.322545,30.314896],[-89.329946,30.302896],[-89.365747,30.284896],[-89.379547,30.270396],[-89.419348,30.25432],[-89.430428,30.223218],[-89.447465,30.205098],[-89.44791,30.185352],[-89.461275,30.174745],[-89.469792,30.176278],[-89.480214,30.193751],[-89.503231,30.183051],[-89.524504,30.180753],[-89.530452,30.192197],[-89.538652,30.195797],[-89.570154,30.180297],[-89.585754,30.192096],[-89.596655,30.211796],[-89.615856,30.223195],[-89.614156,30.244595],[-89.631789,30.256924],[-89.631411,30.279662],[-89.64344,30.287682],[-89.640401,30.306755],[-89.626221,30.314255],[-89.629727,30.339287],[-89.657191,30.356515],[-89.683686,30.405873],[-89.684118,30.412646],[-89.678514,30.414012],[-89.684816,30.439511],[-89.68341,30.451793],[-89.701799,30.465115],[-89.709551,30.477853],[-89.715886,30.477797],[-89.724614,30.491902],[-89.758133,30.505404],[-89.76057,30.515761],[-89.768133,30.51502],[-89.779565,30.544345],[-89.793818,30.545935],[-89.794532,30.556554],[-89.803887,30.560581],[-89.790078,30.565333],[-89.794495,30.569653],[-89.808027,30.567998],[-89.807118,30.587337],[-89.819838,30.59534],[-89.814563,30.606152],[-89.821286,30.60713],[-89.823261,30.622803],[-89.818081,30.634019],[-89.821868,30.644024],[-89.833261,30.657516],[-89.851889,30.661199],[-89.85055,30.664781],[-89.843355,30.663699],[-89.837894,30.672514],[-89.847201,30.670038],[-89.835848,30.699555],[-89.845801,30.707314],[-89.836257,30.716185],[-89.831961,30.715384],[-89.828061,30.725018],[-89.836331,30.727197],[-89.83687,30.734661],[-89.816764,30.740076],[-89.826053,30.742322],[-89.831537,30.76761],[-89.819164,30.795229],[-89.81261,30.789876],[-89.804696,30.791624],[-89.810863,30.797379],[-89.800422,30.810425],[-89.800049,30.819078],[-89.782404,30.817975],[-89.783985,30.827385],[-89.790432,30.830985],[-89.790121,30.837983],[-89.780947,30.848542],[-89.784073,30.85527],[-89.771722,30.854677],[-89.767955,30.863858],[-89.778005,30.873411],[-89.778583,30.878903],[-89.770027,30.882254],[-89.773553,30.896862],[-89.757024,30.898947],[-89.764202,30.911906],[-89.759403,30.915134],[-89.750073,30.91293],[-89.744789,30.918933],[-89.756333,30.943498],[-89.735686,30.966573],[-89.728041,30.966518],[-89.727086,30.969707],[-89.736883,30.977122],[-89.732168,30.978088],[-89.727698,30.993329],[-89.73554,30.999715],[-89.728145,31.0023],[-89.732504,31.004831],[-89.751481,30.99969],[-91.636942,30.999416],[-91.578413,31.02403],[-91.564397,31.038965],[-91.559907,31.054119],[-91.567648,31.070186],[-91.61857,31.107328],[-91.625994,31.116896],[-91.625118,31.131879],[-91.597062,31.163492],[-91.589046,31.178586],[-91.588939,31.188959],[-91.601616,31.208573],[-91.625119,31.226071],[-91.644356,31.234414],[-91.652019,31.242691],[-91.654027,31.255753],[-91.637672,31.26768],[-91.564192,31.261633],[-91.537734,31.267369],[-91.515614,31.27821],[-91.508858,31.291644],[-91.507977,31.312943],[-91.548967,31.347255],[-91.551002,31.363645],[-91.546607,31.381198],[-91.55568,31.386413],[-91.568953,31.377629],[-91.578334,31.399067],[-91.576265,31.410498],[-91.565179,31.423447],[-91.548465,31.432668],[-91.541626,31.431706],[-91.532336,31.390275],[-91.521836,31.37517],[-91.504163,31.36495],[-91.47887,31.364955],[-91.471098,31.376917],[-91.472065,31.395925],[-91.500046,31.42052],[-91.513366,31.444396],[-91.518148,31.483483],[-91.514917,31.510113],[-91.520579,31.513207],[-91.522536,31.522078],[-91.511217,31.532612],[-91.489618,31.534266],[-91.481318,31.530666],[-91.443916,31.542466],[-91.414915,31.562166],[-91.405415,31.576466],[-91.403915,31.589766],[-91.422716,31.597065],[-91.466317,31.586066],[-91.488618,31.587466],[-91.502783,31.595727],[-91.516567,31.611818],[-91.515462,31.630372],[-91.494478,31.645013],[-91.474318,31.625365],[-91.436716,31.612665],[-91.421116,31.611565],[-91.401015,31.620365],[-91.395715,31.644165],[-91.400115,31.688164],[-91.397915,31.709364],[-91.371804,31.742948],[-91.365034,31.748184],[-91.338663,31.750005],[-91.275545,31.745515],[-91.263406,31.754468],[-91.259611,31.76129],[-91.263043,31.766995],[-91.286045,31.772062],[-91.325973,31.76151],[-91.355214,31.758063],[-91.365529,31.761628],[-91.359514,31.799362],[-91.345714,31.842861],[-91.333814,31.853261],[-91.294713,31.86046],[-91.289312,31.846861],[-91.289412,31.828661],[-91.282212,31.814762],[-91.269212,31.809162],[-91.255611,31.812662],[-91.245047,31.831447],[-91.266612,31.851161],[-91.267712,31.86266],[-91.234899,31.876863],[-91.20281,31.907959],[-91.18061,31.917959],[-91.18491,31.923759],[-91.18371,31.933158],[-91.19111,31.934158],[-91.18481,31.965557],[-91.16441,31.982557],[-91.104108,31.990357],[-91.075908,32.016828],[-91.088108,32.034455],[-91.15141,32.049255],[-91.16131,32.059755],[-91.16031,32.070354],[-91.14881,32.080154],[-91.139309,32.081754],[-91.128609,32.076554],[-91.103708,32.050255],[-91.082308,32.047555],[-91.079108,32.050255],[-91.080008,32.079154],[-91.034707,32.101053],[-91.030507,32.108153],[-91.030907,32.120552],[-91.017606,32.125153],[-91.004106,32.146152],[-91.00619,32.156957],[-91.025007,32.162552],[-91.050207,32.178451],[-91.057647,32.177354],[-91.058907,32.171251],[-91.048507,32.150152],[-91.053175,32.124237],[-91.08163,32.133992],[-91.101181,32.131136],[-91.111294,32.125036],[-91.162822,32.132694],[-91.174552,32.154978],[-91.164171,32.196888],[-91.133587,32.213432],[-91.11727,32.206668],[-91.108509,32.20815],[-91.100409,32.21785],[-91.083708,32.22645],[-91.071108,32.22605],[-91.061408,32.21865],[-91.050307,32.237949],[-91.039007,32.242349],[-91.021507,32.236149],[-91.006106,32.22405],[-91.002469,32.215812],[-90.988672,32.215812],[-90.983434,32.221305],[-90.98029,32.243601],[-90.970016,32.25168],[-90.982985,32.270294],[-90.980747,32.29141],[-90.976199,32.29645],[-90.964149,32.296872],[-90.953008,32.284043],[-90.947834,32.283486],[-90.922231,32.298639],[-90.902558,32.319587],[-90.90072,32.330379],[-90.875631,32.372434],[-90.89206,32.370579],[-90.897762,32.35436],[-90.912363,32.339454],[-90.993625,32.354047],[-91.004506,32.364744],[-90.99408,32.403862],[-90.967767,32.418279],[-90.96856,32.438084],[-90.978547,32.447032],[-90.993863,32.45085],[-91.029606,32.433542],[-91.052907,32.438442],[-91.095308,32.458741],[-91.116008,32.48314],[-91.116708,32.500139],[-91.101304,32.525599],[-91.093741,32.549128],[-91.074817,32.533467],[-91.050907,32.500139],[-91.038106,32.49044],[-91.004206,32.48214],[-90.990703,32.487749],[-90.987831,32.49419],[-90.994481,32.506331],[-91.005468,32.513842],[-91.061685,32.536448],[-91.075373,32.546718],[-91.080398,32.556442],[-91.03617,32.579556],[-91.010228,32.601927],[-91.002962,32.622555],[-91.014286,32.640482],[-91.025769,32.646573],[-91.038415,32.636443],[-91.049796,32.607188],[-91.112764,32.590186],[-91.118641,32.585139],[-91.127912,32.586493],[-91.144074,32.600613],[-91.153556,32.626181],[-91.152699,32.640757],[-91.138712,32.649774],[-91.127723,32.665343],[-91.104443,32.682434],[-91.076061,32.693751],[-91.063946,32.702926],[-91.054749,32.719229],[-91.056999,32.72558],[-91.077176,32.732534],[-91.123152,32.742798],[-91.154461,32.742339],[-91.165328,32.751301],[-91.156918,32.780343],[-91.164397,32.785821],[-91.161669,32.812465],[-91.145002,32.84287],[-91.127886,32.855059],[-91.105631,32.858396],[-91.070602,32.888659],[-91.064449,32.901064],[-91.064804,32.926464],[-91.083084,32.947909],[-91.080355,32.962794],[-91.086802,32.976266],[-91.09693,32.986412],[-91.106581,32.988938],[-91.134414,32.980533],[-91.138585,32.971352],[-91.131243,32.960928],[-91.137863,32.952756],[-91.132115,32.923122],[-91.15169,32.901935],[-91.170235,32.899391],[-91.196785,32.906784],[-91.208263,32.915354],[-91.213972,32.927198],[-91.210705,32.939845],[-91.199415,32.952314],[-91.201842,32.961212],[-91.168973,32.992132],[-91.162363,33.019684],[-91.129088,33.033554],[-91.120379,33.05453],[-91.124639,33.064127],[-91.149823,33.081603],[-91.171514,33.087818],[-91.180836,33.098364],[-91.200167,33.10693],[-91.20178,33.125121],[-91.193174,33.136734],[-91.183662,33.141691],[-91.161651,33.141781],[-91.151853,33.131802],[-91.131659,33.129101],[-91.104317,33.131598],[-91.089862,33.139655],[-91.084366,33.180856],[-91.091711,33.220813],[-91.070697,33.227302],[-91.050407,33.251202],[-91.045191,33.265404],[-91.043624,33.274636],[-91.04815,33.282796],[-91.072567,33.285885],[-91.083694,33.278557],[-91.099093,33.238173],[-91.106142,33.241799],[-91.117223,33.260685],[-91.128078,33.268502],[-91.125539,33.280255],[-91.141615,33.299539],[-91.143667,33.328398],[-91.142219,33.348989],[-91.120409,33.363809],[-91.101456,33.38719],[-91.075293,33.405966],[-91.058152,33.428705],[-91.057621,33.445341],[-91.067623,33.455104],[-91.086498,33.451576],[-91.096723,33.437603],[-91.095211,33.417488],[-91.10717,33.399078],[-91.123623,33.387526],[-91.154017,33.378914],[-91.171968,33.38103],[-91.191127,33.389634],[-91.20922,33.40629],[-91.199354,33.418321],[-91.17628,33.416979],[-91.131885,33.430063],[-91.118495,33.449116],[-91.125109,33.472842],[-91.167403,33.498304],[-91.177148,33.48617],[-91.16936,33.452629],[-91.177293,33.443638],[-91.206807,33.433846],[-91.235181,33.438972],[-91.231661,33.4571],[-91.208535,33.468606],[-91.182901,33.502379],[-91.187367,33.510552],[-91.219297,33.532364],[-91.229834,33.547047],[-91.231418,33.560593],[-91.224121,33.567369],[-91.198285,33.572061],[-91.17822,33.582607],[-91.152148,33.582721],[-91.134043,33.594489],[-91.130445,33.606034],[-91.139209,33.625658],[-91.171168,33.647766],[-91.219048,33.661503],[-91.228228,33.671326],[-91.227857,33.683073],[-91.22057,33.692923],[-91.205377,33.700819],[-91.162464,33.70684],[-91.13045,33.674522],[-91.09404,33.658351],[-91.078507,33.658283],[-91.034565,33.673018],[-91.030402,33.687766],[-91.03612,33.689113],[-91.046778,33.706313],[-91.059891,33.714816],[-91.06829,33.716477],[-91.101101,33.705007],[-91.117733,33.705342],[-91.132338,33.714246],[-91.146618,33.732456],[-91.140756,33.759735],[-91.145112,33.76734],[-91.133854,33.782814],[-91.123466,33.782106],[-91.107318,33.770619],[-91.053886,33.778701],[-91.023285,33.762991],[-91.000106,33.769165],[-90.988466,33.78453],[-91.000107,33.799549],[-91.046849,33.815365],[-91.067511,33.840443],[-91.073011,33.857449],[-91.070883,33.866714],[-91.026382,33.90798],[-91.010318,33.929352],[-91.035961,33.943758],[-91.084095,33.956179],[-91.089787,33.966004],[-91.087921,33.975335],[-91.075378,33.983586],[-91.042751,33.986811],[-91.01889,34.003151],[-91.000108,33.966428],[-90.983359,33.960186],[-90.967632,33.963324],[-90.961548,33.979945],[-90.979945,34.000106],[-90.987948,34.019038],[-90.970726,34.02162],[-90.942662,34.01805],[-90.89242,34.02686],[-90.887413,34.032505],[-90.887837,34.055403],[-90.870528,34.080516],[-90.882628,34.096615],[-90.918395,34.093054],[-90.946323,34.109374],[-90.958467,34.125105],[-90.9543,34.138498],[-90.91001,34.165508],[-90.894385,34.160953],[-90.86458,34.140555],[-90.847168,34.136884],[-90.825708,34.142011],[-90.810884,34.155903],[-90.808685,34.175878],[-90.816572,34.183023],[-90.8556,34.18688],[-90.887884,34.18198],[-90.916048,34.196916],[-90.93522,34.21905],[-90.937152,34.23411],[-90.929015,34.244541],[-90.907082,34.244492],[-90.89456,34.22438],[-90.87912,34.21545],[-90.847808,34.20653],[-90.840009,34.223077],[-90.836972,34.250104],[-90.828267,34.27365],[-90.802928,34.282465],[-90.765165,34.280524],[-90.743082,34.302257],[-90.74061,34.313469],[-90.744713,34.324872],[-90.767108,34.345264],[-90.767061,34.360271],[-90.762085,34.364754],[-90.750107,34.367919],[-90.712088,34.363805],[-90.683222,34.368817],[-90.68162,34.35291],[-90.691551,34.338618],[-90.693129,34.32257],[-90.686003,34.315771],[-90.669343,34.31302],[-90.661395,34.315398],[-90.657488,34.322231],[-90.666862,34.348569],[-90.666788,34.35582],[-90.655346,34.371846],[-90.658542,34.375705],[-90.613944,34.390723],[-90.571145,34.420319],[-90.566505,34.429528],[-90.56733,34.440383],[-90.585477,34.461247],[-90.588942,34.491097],[-90.578493,34.516296],[-90.545728,34.53775],[-90.540736,34.548085],[-90.545891,34.563257],[-90.570133,34.587457],[-90.587224,34.615732],[-90.58344,34.641389],[-90.588536,34.668646],[-90.567334,34.693371],[-90.552317,34.697087],[-90.540074,34.684981],[-90.538061,34.673232],[-90.552642,34.659707],[-90.554129,34.640871],[-90.543696,34.629559],[-90.524481,34.628504],[-90.479718,34.659934],[-90.466041,34.674312],[-90.462552,34.687576],[-90.475194,34.700826],[-90.538974,34.698783],[-90.565646,34.721053],[-90.565437,34.736536],[-90.547606,34.744367],[-90.542695,34.752626],[-90.547612,34.784589],[-90.53651,34.798572],[-90.514706,34.801768],[-90.500994,34.771187],[-90.520556,34.753388],[-90.521004,34.738612],[-90.514735,34.729656],[-90.488865,34.723731],[-90.469897,34.72703],[-90.454968,34.735557],[-90.453038,34.753352],[-90.47459,34.7932],[-90.456935,34.823383],[-90.481955,34.857805],[-90.485038,34.869252],[-90.479872,34.883264],[-90.466154,34.890989],[-90.453916,34.891122],[-90.438313,34.884581],[-90.42898,34.867168],[-90.431741,34.855051],[-90.428754,34.8414],[-90.423879,34.834606],[-90.414864,34.831846],[-90.34038,34.860357],[-90.323067,34.846391],[-90.307384,34.846195],[-90.303698,34.859704],[-90.313476,34.871698],[-90.250095,34.90732],[-90.244725,34.921031],[-90.244476,34.937596],[-90.253969,34.954988],[-90.296422,34.976346],[-90.309297,34.995694]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Mississippi\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fcc94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tharpe, E.J.","contributorId":57534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tharpe","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morris, F.","contributorId":17299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oakley, W. T.","contributorId":76331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oakley","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1712,"text":"wsp2269 - 1986 - Traveltime and longitudinal dispersion in Illinois streams","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":9201,"text":"ofr84468 - 1984 - Traveltime and longitudinal dispersion in Illinois streams","indexId":"ofr84468","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Traveltime and longitudinal dispersion in Illinois streams"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1712,"text":"wsp2269 - 1986 - Traveltime and longitudinal dispersion in Illinois streams","indexId":"wsp2269","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Traveltime and longitudinal dispersion in Illinois streams"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-19T18:32:36.31144","indexId":"wsp2269","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2269","title":"Traveltime and longitudinal dispersion in Illinois streams","docAbstract":"Twenty-seven measurements of traveltime and longitudinal dispersion in 10 Illinois streams made from 1975 to 1982 provide data needed for estimating traveltime of peak concentration of a conservative solute, traveltime of the leading edge of a solute cloud, peak concentration resulting from injection of a given quantity of solute, and passage time of solute past a given point on a stream. These four variables can be estimated graphically for each stream from distance of travel and either discharge at the downstream end of the reach or flow-duration frequency. From equations developed from field measurements, the traveltime and dispersion characteristics also can be estimated for other unregulated streams in Illinois that have drainage areas less than about 1,500 square miles. For unmeasured streams, traveltime of peak concentration and of the leading edge of the cloud are related to discharge at the downstream end of the reach and to distance of travel. For both measured and unmeasured streams, peak concentration and passage time are best estimated from the relation of each to traveltime. In measured streams, dispersion efficiency is greater than that predicted by Fickian diffusion theory. The rate of decrease in peak concentration with traveltime is about equal to the rate of increase in passage time. Average velocity in a stream reach, given by the velocity of the center of solute mass in that reach, can be estimated from an equation developed from measured values. The equation relates average reach velocity to discharge at the downstream end of the reach. Average reach velocities computed for 9 of the 10 streams from available equations that are based on hydraulic-geometry relations are high relative to measured values. The estimating equation developed from measured velocities provides estimates of average reach velocity that are closer to measured velocities than are those computed using equations developed from hydraulic-geometry relations.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp2269","usgsCitation":"Graf, J.B., 1986, Traveltime and longitudinal dispersion in Illinois streams: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2269, vi, 65 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2269.","productDescription":"vi, 65 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":406991,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25457.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":26788,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2269/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":137198,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2269/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-89.366031,42.500274],[-88.786681,42.491983],[-88.115285,42.496219],[-87.800561,42.49192],[-87.79823,42.473054],[-87.80537,42.384721],[-87.820858,42.361584],[-87.834769,42.301522],[-87.828569,42.269922],[-87.800066,42.208024],[-87.741662,42.128227],[-87.712206,42.096455],[-87.682359,42.075729],[-87.671462,42.058334],[-87.668982,42.029142],[-87.630953,41.933132],[-87.624052,41.904232],[-87.611659,41.892216],[-87.616537,41.882396],[-87.616251,41.868933],[-87.60945,41.845233],[-87.600549,41.826833],[-87.580948,41.804334],[-87.576347,41.786034],[-87.560646,41.766034],[-87.542845,41.752135],[-87.530745,41.748235],[-87.524141,41.72399],[-87.526376,40.491574],[-87.533227,39.883127],[-87.531646,39.347888],[-87.544013,39.352907],[-87.5544,39.340488],[-87.578331,39.340343],[-87.589084,39.333831],[-87.600397,39.312904],[-87.597545,39.296388],[-87.61005,39.282232],[-87.605543,39.261122],[-87.593486,39.247452],[-87.583535,39.243579],[-87.574558,39.218404],[-87.588614,39.197824],[-87.620796,39.17479],[-87.640435,39.166727],[-87.64599,39.1449],[-87.643145,39.128562],[-87.632245,39.118702],[-87.630376,39.104305],[-87.619134,39.100557],[-87.613513,39.085568],[-87.596373,39.079639],[-87.572588,39.057286],[-87.575027,39.034062],[-87.569696,39.019413],[-87.579117,39.001607],[-87.578319,38.988786],[-87.529496,38.971925],[-87.512187,38.954417],[-87.518826,38.923205],[-87.527645,38.907688],[-87.544089,38.895093],[-87.553384,38.863344],[-87.525893,38.848795],[-87.521681,38.826576],[-87.527342,38.818121],[-87.496537,38.778571],[-87.496494,38.742728],[-87.516707,38.716333],[-87.519609,38.697198],[-87.531231,38.684036],[-87.593678,38.667402],[-87.62012,38.639489],[-87.627348,38.60544],[-87.62389,38.593984],[-87.637752,38.588512],[-87.651529,38.568166],[-87.650704,38.55624],[-87.660732,38.541092],[-87.653802,38.517382],[-87.657084,38.507169],[-87.714047,38.47988],[-87.739522,38.475069],[-87.74317,38.459019],[-87.730134,38.446518],[-87.74104,38.435576],[-87.745254,38.408996],[-87.779996,38.370842],[-87.806075,38.363143],[-87.822721,38.346912],[-87.832723,38.324853],[-87.831972,38.307241],[-87.838243,38.29375],[-87.853046,38.289264],[-87.875476,38.301376],[-87.88041,38.299581],[-87.887849,38.285299],[-87.908223,38.274012],[-87.92168,38.289712],[-87.928858,38.292404],[-87.938727,38.289264],[-87.952125,38.273763],[-87.945904,38.256966],[-87.950838,38.247097],[-87.960225,38.237118],[-87.975511,38.232742],[-87.982688,38.221527],[-87.984234,38.20996],[-87.975819,38.197834],[-87.9595,38.184376],[-87.928858,38.168594],[-87.922577,38.160071],[-87.92168,38.148407],[-87.945472,38.126616],[-87.974272,38.121981],[-87.999734,38.100857],[-87.998389,38.090091],[-87.984931,38.069008],[-87.990314,38.056447],[-88.020369,38.046578],[-88.02979,38.025046],[-88.012574,37.977062],[-88.012929,37.966544],[-88.036124,37.942746],[-88.044145,37.926805],[-88.031584,37.901685],[-88.033378,37.894059],[-88.054462,37.877461],[-88.058499,37.865349],[-88.053116,37.847854],[-88.043247,37.836639],[-88.051771,37.813761],[-88.045939,37.807481],[-88.029382,37.803601],[-88.02803,37.799224],[-88.035827,37.791917],[-88.042602,37.76712],[-88.059588,37.742608],[-88.122412,37.709685],[-88.151646,37.675098],[-88.160187,37.657592],[-88.156827,37.632801],[-88.142225,37.603737],[-88.139973,37.586451],[-88.13341,37.574273],[-88.105585,37.55618],[-88.088049,37.535124],[-88.069018,37.525297],[-88.061342,37.505327],[-88.064234,37.484548],[-88.072386,37.483563],[-88.087664,37.471059],[-88.132628,37.471555],[-88.281667,37.452596],[-88.312585,37.440591],[-88.333183,37.42721],[-88.348405,37.410726],[-88.365471,37.401663],[-88.408808,37.425216],[-88.450127,37.411717],[-88.470224,37.396255],[-88.476592,37.386875],[-88.484462,37.345609],[-88.515939,37.284043],[-88.506942,37.266656],[-88.509328,37.26213],[-88.487277,37.244077],[-88.471753,37.220155],[-88.447764,37.203527],[-88.431488,37.160298],[-88.424403,37.152428],[-88.444605,37.098601],[-88.458948,37.073796],[-88.504437,37.065265],[-88.545403,37.070003],[-88.576718,37.085852],[-88.589207,37.099655],[-88.625889,37.119458],[-88.693983,37.141155],[-88.732105,37.143956],[-88.80572,37.188595],[-88.916934,37.224291],[-88.942111,37.228811],[-88.98326,37.228685],[-89.029981,37.211144],[-89.076221,37.175125],[-89.092934,37.156439],[-89.111189,37.119052],[-89.134931,37.103278],[-89.14132,37.093865],[-89.154504,37.088907],[-89.168087,37.074218],[-89.181369,37.046305],[-89.178975,37.020928],[-89.166447,37.003337],[-89.132685,36.9822],[-89.170008,36.970298],[-89.185491,36.973518],[-89.192097,36.979995],[-89.200793,37.016164],[-89.234053,37.037277],[-89.25493,37.072014],[-89.259936,37.064071],[-89.307726,37.069654],[-89.310819,37.057897],[-89.304752,37.047565],[-89.277715,37.03614],[-89.260003,37.023288],[-89.257608,37.015496],[-89.263527,37.00005],[-89.278628,36.98867],[-89.29213,36.992189],[-89.322982,37.01609],[-89.378277,37.039605],[-89.385434,37.05513],[-89.375712,37.080505],[-89.37871,37.094586],[-89.38805,37.107481],[-89.41173,37.122507],[-89.42558,37.138235],[-89.461862,37.199517],[-89.4675,37.221844],[-89.458246,37.247066],[-89.470525,37.253357],[-89.488728,37.251507],[-89.517032,37.28192],[-89.511842,37.310825],[-89.489005,37.333368],[-89.447556,37.340475],[-89.432836,37.347056],[-89.421054,37.387668],[-89.439769,37.4372],[-89.475525,37.471388],[-89.516447,37.535558],[-89.521925,37.560735],[-89.519808,37.582748],[-89.486062,37.580853],[-89.477548,37.585885],[-89.475932,37.592998],[-89.517718,37.641217],[-89.51204,37.680985],[-89.516685,37.692762],[-89.531427,37.700334],[-89.583316,37.713261],[-89.596566,37.732886],[-89.615586,37.74235],[-89.615933,37.748184],[-89.64953,37.745498],[-89.663352,37.750052],[-89.667993,37.759484],[-89.66038,37.786296],[-89.669644,37.799922],[-89.71748,37.825724],[-89.739873,37.84693],[-89.754104,37.846358],[-89.779828,37.853896],[-89.786369,37.851734],[-89.80036,37.868625],[-89.798041,37.879655],[-89.842649,37.905196],[-89.862949,37.896906],[-89.881475,37.879591],[-89.901832,37.869822],[-89.923185,37.870672],[-89.950594,37.881526],[-89.973642,37.917661],[-89.974918,37.926719],[-89.959646,37.940196],[-89.947429,37.940336],[-89.932467,37.947497],[-89.925085,37.960021],[-89.933797,37.959143],[-89.942099,37.970121],[-89.997103,37.963225],[-90.03241,37.995258],[-90.051357,38.003584],[-90.057269,38.014362],[-90.08826,38.015772],[-90.11052,38.026547],[-90.126194,38.040702],[-90.126396,38.054897],[-90.130788,38.062341],[-90.158533,38.074735],[-90.17222,38.069636],[-90.218708,38.094365],[-90.243116,38.112669],[-90.274928,38.157615],[-90.290765,38.170453],[-90.331554,38.18758],[-90.356176,38.217501],[-90.373929,38.281853],[-90.370819,38.333554],[-90.349743,38.377609],[-90.295316,38.426753],[-90.285215,38.443453],[-90.260314,38.528352],[-90.224212,38.575051],[-90.196011,38.594451],[-90.18451,38.611551],[-90.17801,38.63375],[-90.18111,38.65955],[-90.18641,38.67475],[-90.20921,38.70275],[-90.21141,38.72135],[-90.20521,38.73215],[-90.176309,38.754449],[-90.166409,38.772649],[-90.123107,38.798048],[-90.109107,38.837448],[-90.113327,38.849306],[-90.19521,38.886748],[-90.223041,38.907389],[-90.250248,38.919344],[-90.309454,38.92412],[-90.395816,38.960037],[-90.440078,38.967364],[-90.450792,38.967764],[-90.472122,38.958838],[-90.482419,38.94446],[-90.486974,38.925982],[-90.500117,38.910408],[-90.54403,38.87505],[-90.583388,38.86903],[-90.628485,38.891617],[-90.639917,38.908272],[-90.663372,38.928042],[-90.675949,38.96214],[-90.678193,38.991851],[-90.713629,39.053977],[-90.682744,39.088348],[-90.681086,39.10059],[-90.686051,39.117785],[-90.707902,39.15086],[-90.717113,39.213912],[-90.72996,39.255894],[-90.751599,39.265432],[-90.793461,39.309498],[-90.816851,39.320496],[-90.8475,39.345272],[-90.893777,39.367343],[-90.904862,39.379403],[-90.928745,39.387544],[-90.940766,39.403984],[-90.993789,39.422959],[-91.03827,39.448436],[-91.059439,39.46886],[-91.064305,39.494643],[-91.079769,39.507728],[-91.100307,39.538695],[-91.153628,39.548248],[-91.168419,39.564928],[-91.174232,39.591975],[-91.181936,39.602677],[-91.229317,39.620853],[-91.27614,39.665759],[-91.302485,39.679631],[-91.367753,39.729029],[-91.369953,39.745042],[-91.365125,39.758723],[-91.363444,39.792804],[-91.377971,39.811273],[-91.432919,39.840554],[-91.446385,39.870394],[-91.443513,39.893583],[-91.420878,39.914865],[-91.41936,39.927717],[-91.463683,39.981845],[-91.494878,40.036453],[-91.489606,40.057435],[-91.509245,40.121876],[-91.511749,40.147091],[-91.508324,40.156326],[-91.513079,40.178537],[-91.504477,40.198262],[-91.505828,40.238839],[-91.490524,40.259498],[-91.492727,40.278217],[-91.46214,40.342414],[-91.439342,40.366569],[-91.415695,40.381381],[-91.381958,40.387632],[-91.372921,40.399108],[-91.373721,40.417891],[-91.381769,40.442555],[-91.364915,40.484168],[-91.364211,40.500043],[-91.384531,40.530948],[-91.404125,40.539127],[-91.405241,40.554641],[-91.379752,40.57445],[-91.359873,40.601805],[-91.339719,40.613488],[-91.306524,40.626231],[-91.253074,40.637962],[-91.18698,40.637297],[-91.123928,40.669152],[-91.110927,40.703262],[-91.115735,40.725168],[-91.110424,40.745528],[-91.091703,40.779708],[-91.097649,40.805575],[-91.092993,40.821079],[-91.05643,40.848387],[-91.044653,40.868356],[-91.021562,40.884021],[-91.009536,40.900565],[-90.962916,40.924957],[-90.952233,40.954047],[-90.958142,40.979767],[-90.945949,41.006495],[-90.942253,41.034702],[-90.94899,41.07025],[-90.946259,41.094734],[-90.99496,41.160624],[-91.007586,41.166183],[-91.027214,41.163373],[-91.041536,41.166138],[-91.07298,41.207151],[-91.112333,41.239003],[-91.114186,41.250029],[-91.08688,41.294371],[-91.074841,41.305578],[-91.06652,41.365246],[-91.05158,41.385283],[-91.04589,41.414085],[-91.027787,41.423603],[-90.979815,41.434321],[-90.930016,41.421404],[-90.846558,41.455141],[-90.750142,41.449632],[-90.655839,41.462132],[-90.605937,41.494232],[-90.602137,41.506032],[-90.595237,41.511032],[-90.567236,41.517532],[-90.556235,41.524232],[-90.540935,41.526133],[-90.500633,41.518033],[-90.461432,41.523533],[-90.41283,41.565333],[-90.343228,41.587833],[-90.339528,41.598633],[-90.343452,41.646959],[-90.334525,41.679559],[-90.313435,41.698082],[-90.317668,41.72269],[-90.310708,41.742214],[-90.278633,41.767358],[-90.181973,41.80707],[-90.181901,41.843216],[-90.153584,41.906614],[-90.152659,41.933058],[-90.163847,41.944934],[-90.164135,41.956178],[-90.146225,41.981329],[-90.140061,42.003252],[-90.150916,42.02944],[-90.163446,42.040407],[-90.168358,42.075779],[-90.161504,42.098912],[-90.162895,42.116718],[-90.17097,42.125198],[-90.190452,42.125779],[-90.201404,42.130937],[-90.207421,42.149109],[-90.216107,42.15673],[-90.250129,42.171469],[-90.282173,42.178846],[-90.328273,42.201047],[-90.356964,42.205445],[-90.391108,42.225473],[-90.400653,42.239293],[-90.419326,42.254467],[-90.430884,42.27823],[-90.415937,42.322699],[-90.419027,42.328505],[-90.477279,42.383794],[-90.555018,42.416138],[-90.560439,42.432897],[-90.567968,42.440389],[-90.606328,42.451505],[-90.646727,42.471904],[-90.654027,42.478503],[-90.656527,42.489203],[-90.640927,42.508302],[-90.07367,42.508275],[-89.366031,42.500274]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Illinois\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5f082d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graf, Julia B.","contributorId":59005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graf","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29705,"text":"wri854072 - 1986 - Cost effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:54","indexId":"wri854072","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4072","title":"Cost effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in Ohio","docAbstract":"This report documents the results of the cost effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in Ohio. Data uses and funding sources were identified for 107 continuous stream gages currently being operated by the U.S. Geological Survey in Ohio with a budget of $682,000; this budget includes field work for other projects and excludes stations jointly operated with the Miami Conservancy District. No stream gage were identified as having insufficient reason to continue their operation; nor were any station identified as having uses specifically only for short-term studies. All 107 station should be maintained in the program for the foreseeable future.\r\n\r\nThe average standard error of estimation of stream flow records is 29.2 percent at its present level of funding. A minimum budget of $679,000 is required to operate the 107-gage program; a budget less than this does no permit proper service and maintenance of the gages and recorders. At the minimum budget, the average standard error is 31.1 percent The maximum budget analyzed was $1,282,000, which resulted in an average standard error of 11.1 percent.\r\n\r\nA need for additional gages has been identified by the other agencies that cooperate in the program. It is suggested that these gage be installed as funds can be made available.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/wri854072","usgsCitation":"Shindel, H., and Bartlett, W., 1986, Cost effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4072, v, 109 :ill.,maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854072.","productDescription":"v, 109 :ill.,maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119452,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4072/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58523,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4072/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db683f7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shindel, H.L.","contributorId":17652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shindel","given":"H.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bartlett, W.P.","contributorId":76780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartlett","given":"W.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":15708,"text":"ofr85691 - 1986 - Operating manual for the digital data-collection system for flow-control structures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:07","indexId":"ofr85691","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-691","title":"Operating manual for the digital data-collection system for flow-control structures","docAbstract":"This manual was written to help the user operate and maintain the digital data collection system for flow control structures. The system is used to measure daily discharge through river control dams. These dams commonly have tainter gates which are raised and lowered to keep the upper pool level relatively constant as the river flow changes. In order to measure the flow through such a structure, the positions of the tainter gates and the headwater and tailwater elevations must be known. From these data, the flow through the structure can be calculated. A typical digital data collection system is shown. Digitizing devices are mounted on the hoisting mechanism of each gate, as well as at the headwater and tailwater gages. Data from these digitizers are then routed by electrical cables to a central console where they are displayed and recorded on paper tape. If the dam has locks, a pressure-sensitive switch located in the lock activates a counter in the console which keeps track of the number of times the lock is drained and filled. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85691","usgsCitation":"Rorabaugh, J., and Rapp, W., 1986, Operating manual for the digital data-collection system for flow-control structures: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-691, iv, 39 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85691.","productDescription":"iv, 39 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148439,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0691/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":44702,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0691/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af2e4b07f02db6918e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rorabaugh, J.I.","contributorId":36574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rorabaugh","given":"J.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":171582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rapp, W.L.","contributorId":107708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rapp","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":171583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":25758,"text":"wri864157 - 1986 - Review of the hydrologic data-collection network in the St. Joseph River basin, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-07T22:56:10.887176","indexId":"wri864157","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4157","title":"Review of the hydrologic data-collection network in the St. Joseph River basin, Indiana","docAbstract":"The St. Joseph River Basin data-collection network in the St. Joseph River for streamflow, lake, ground water, and climatic stations was reviewed. The network review included only the 1700 sq mi part of the basin in Indiana. The streamflow network includes 11 continuous-record gaging stations and one partial-record station. Based on areal distribution, lake effect , contributing drainage area, and flow-record ratio, six of these stations can be used to describe regional hydrology. Gaging stations on lakes are used to collect long-term lake-level data on which to base legal lake levels, and to monitor lake-level fluctuations after legal levels are established. More hydrogeologic data are needed for determining the degree to which grouhd water affects lake levels. The current groundwater network comprises 15 observation wells and has four purposes: (1) to determine the interaction between groundwater and lakes; (2) to measure changes in groundwater levels near irrigation wells; (3) to measure water levels in wells at special purpose sites; and (4) to measure long-term changes in water levels in areas not affected by pumping. Seven wells near three lakes have provided sufficient information for correlating water levels in wells and lakes but are not adequate to quantify the effect of groundwater on lake levels. Water levels in five observation wells located in the vicinity of intensive irrigation are not noticeably affected by seasonal withdrawals. The National Weather Sevice operates eight climatic stations in the basin primarily to characterize regional climatic conditions and to aid in flood forecasting. The network meets network-density guidelines established by the World Meterological Organization for collection of precipitation and evaporation data but not guidelines suggested by the National Weather Service for density of precipitation gages in areas of significant convective rainfalls. (Author 's abstract)
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/wri864157","collaboration":"Indiana Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Crompton, E., Peters, J.G., Miller, R.L., Stewart, J.A., Banaszak, K., and Shedlock, R.J., 1986, Review of the hydrologic data-collection network in the St. Joseph River basin, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4157, v, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864157.","productDescription":"v, 51 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395582,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36583.htm"},{"id":54519,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4157/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4157/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","otherGeospatial":"St. Joseph River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.98748779296875,\n 41.76106872528616\n ],\n [\n -86.2646484375,\n 41.76106872528616\n ],\n [\n -86.25091552734375,\n 41.6257084937525\n ],\n [\n -86.1328125,\n 41.64418347939748\n ],\n [\n -86.17675781249999,\n 41.6010669423553\n ],\n [\n -86.209716796875,\n 41.566141964768384\n ],\n [\n -86.1273193359375,\n 41.541477666790286\n ],\n [\n -86.0504150390625,\n 41.56408696606436\n ],\n [\n -85.9515380859375,\n 41.56408696606436\n ],\n [\n -85.8966064453125,\n 41.55381099217959\n ],\n [\n -85.8526611328125,\n 41.44272637767212\n ],\n [\n -85.86639404296875,\n 41.422134246213616\n ],\n [\n -85.836181640625,\n 41.37474755643594\n ],\n [\n -85.78125,\n 41.35825713137813\n ],\n [\n -85.78674316406249,\n 41.321138395239565\n ],\n [\n -85.63842773437499,\n 41.31494988250963\n ],\n [\n -85.43792724609375,\n 41.38299120166604\n ],\n [\n -85.35003662109374,\n 41.44478523154319\n ],\n [\n -85.26214599609375,\n 41.44684402008925\n ],\n [\n -85.21820068359375,\n 41.48594858993134\n ],\n [\n -85.1934814453125,\n 41.51886045990478\n ],\n [\n -85.18798828125,\n 41.57025176609894\n ],\n [\n -85.18524169921875,\n 41.60722821271717\n ],\n [\n -85.0726318359375,\n 41.60928183876483\n ],\n [\n -84.990234375,\n 41.63186741069748\n ],\n [\n -84.98748779296875,\n 41.76106872528616\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cd5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crompton, E. J.","contributorId":70412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crompton","given":"E. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peters, J. G.","contributorId":56216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, R. L.","contributorId":54178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stewart, J. A.","contributorId":50158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Banaszak, K. J.","contributorId":34935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banaszak","given":"K. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shedlock, R. J.","contributorId":91510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shedlock","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":14748,"text":"ofr85496 - 1986 - A preliminary evaluation of the geohydrology and water quality of the Greenacres Landfill area, Spokane County, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:06","indexId":"ofr85496","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-496","title":"A preliminary evaluation of the geohydrology and water quality of the Greenacres Landfill area, Spokane County, Washington","docAbstract":"The Greenacres Landfill, located about 11 mi east of the city of Spokane, Washington, was used for the disposal of waste from 1951 to 1972. Materials in the landfill include household and industrial waste materials, and various hazardous wastes. In 1983 the landfill was designated by the U.S. EPA as a ' Superfund ' site. The purposes of this investigation were to gather, describe, and interpret all the existing data concerning the hydrology and groundwater quality of the area surrounding the landfill, and to identify any additional data needed to describe the hydrology of the area. The quantity of water flow through the landfill as a result of precipitation on the landfill and in the drainage basin above the landfill probably ranges from 21,000 to 85,000 gal/day. This water movement may be creating a leachate and transporting some of the wastes out of the landfill. The plume would encompass an area where groundwater provides most of the water used for municipal, industrial, irrigation, and domestic purposes. Water quality analyses of water from numerous wells in the area which are open to the Spokane aquifer are available, but well 25/45-16K1 is the only well where groundwater contamination was consistently apparent. This well is only 500 ft from the landfill. Contamination of water in this well was indicated by high concentrations of dissolved mineral constituents and several organic compounds, including trans-dichloroethene (115 to 392 micrograms/L). Available data are insufficient to completely interpret the groundwater flow system near this well and the source of the contamination cannot be determined conclusively. While the existing data are adequate to provide background information, more data are needed to: (1) determine the source of contamination in well 25/45-16K1; (2) determine groundwater flow in the Spokane aquifer near well 25/45-16K1; and (3) determine the extent of contamination in the Spokane aquifer. The degree of the influence of the landfill on the Spokane aquifer cannot be determined with existing data. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85496","usgsCitation":"Lum, W.E., Turney, G.L., and Alvord, R.C., 1986, A preliminary evaluation of the geohydrology and water quality of the Greenacres Landfill area, Spokane County, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-496, v, 41 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85496.","productDescription":"v, 41 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148676,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0496/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":43519,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0496/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1fe4b07f02db6aabe6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lum, W. E. II","contributorId":81504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lum","given":"W.","suffix":"II","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turney, G. L.","contributorId":95070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turney","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alvord, R. C.","contributorId":65866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvord","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":27174,"text":"wri854344 - 1986 - Assessment of low-flow water quality in the Du Page River, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:26","indexId":"wri854344","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4344","title":"Assessment of low-flow water quality in the Du Page River, Illinois","docAbstract":"The relations of several stream processes to concentrations of dissolved oxygen and other constituents during low-flow periods were evaluated for a 70.3-mile reach of the Du Page River in northeastern Illinois, using measured data and computer simulations. Reaeration rates and traveltimes were measured at various flow rates using a steady-state gas-tracer technique. Stream discharge, stage, temperature, and chemical constituent concentrations were measured during two 24-hour periods in July and August 1983. These data were used to describe water quality and to calibrate and verify the QUAL-II one dimensional, steady-state, water quality model. Dissolved oxygen concentrations did not meet the State water quality standards in several subreaches of the Du Page River. Concentrations were consistently below the State minimum dissolved oxygen standard in the downstream 8 miles of the East Branch Du Page River. Model simulations indicate that although ammonia oxidation played a role in the dissolved oxygen depletion, the primary factor was sediment oxygen demand. Other measured chemical constituents that did not comply with the State water quality standards in several subreaches of the river included ammonia, iron, fluoride, and total dissolved solids. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854344","usgsCitation":"Freeman, W., Schmidt, A., and Stamer, J., 1986, Assessment of low-flow water quality in the Du Page River, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4344, viii, 98 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854344.","productDescription":"viii, 98 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124150,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4344/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56049,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4344/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db6683fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freeman, W.O.","contributorId":30238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"W.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmidt, A.R.","contributorId":79898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stamer, J. K.","contributorId":47753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stamer","given":"J. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":11969,"text":"ofr85631 - 1986 - Channel geometry and hydrologic data for six eruption-affected tributaries of the Lewis River, Mount St. Helens, Washington, water years 1983-84","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:31","indexId":"ofr85631","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-631","title":"Channel geometry and hydrologic data for six eruption-affected tributaries of the Lewis River, Mount St. Helens, Washington, water years 1983-84","docAbstract":"The May 18, 1980, eruption of Mount St. Helens generated a lateral blast, lahars, and tephra deposits that altered stream channels in the Lewis River drainage basin. In order to assess potential flood hazards, monitor channel adjustments, and construct a sediment budget for disturbed drainages on the east and southeast flanks of the volcano, channel cross sections were monumented and surveyed on Pine Creek, Muddy River, and Smith Creek during September and October of 1980. Additional cross sections were monumented and surveyed on Swift Creek, Bean Creek , and Clearwater Creek during 1981. This network of channel cross sections has been resurveyed annually. Selected cross sections have been surveyed more frequently, following periods of higher flow. Longitudinal stream profiles of the low-water thalweg and (or) water surfaces were surveyed periodically for selected short reaches of channel. Corresponding map views for these reaches were constructed using the survey data and aerial photographs. This report presents plots of channel cross-section profiles, longitudinal stream profiles, and channel maps constructed from survey data collected during water years 1983-84. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85631","usgsCitation":"Martinson, H.A., Hammond, H., Mast, W., and Mango, P., 1986, Channel geometry and hydrologic data for six eruption-affected tributaries of the Lewis River, Mount St. Helens, Washington, water years 1983-84: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-631, v, 161 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85631.","productDescription":"v, 161 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":143714,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0631/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39963,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0631/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e4e4b07f02db5e62ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martinson, H. A.","contributorId":16834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martinson","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hammond, H.E.","contributorId":69988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammond","given":"H.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mast, W.W.","contributorId":74381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mast","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mango, P.D.","contributorId":63397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mango","given":"P.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":30085,"text":"wri844146 - 1986 - Selected drill-stem test data for the Upper Colorado River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:08","indexId":"wri844146","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4146","title":"Selected drill-stem test data for the Upper Colorado River basin","docAbstract":"Permeability data from aquifers and confining layers may be available from drill-stem tests made during the course of petroleum exploration. During the drill-stem test, the stratigraphic interval of interest is isolated in the hole by the use of packers attached to the drill string. Fluid flows into the drilling pipe under the influence of the formation head. Pressure measurements and other data collected during the course of the test are used to gain information on undisturbed formation head, permeability, hydraulic conductivity, and fluid temperature. Drill-stem test data for individual formation in the Upper Colorado River Basin presented in tables in this report are arranged in groups of 10 hydrogeologic units that were classified on the basis of geologic age, location, depositional environment and lithology. Maps indicating the locations of test sites and areal distribution of test data within the 10 units are provided at the beginning of each table. Stratigraphic columns also are provided to identify the relative ages of the formation tested and to correlate regional hydrogeologic units. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844146","usgsCitation":"Teller, R., and Chafin, D.T., 1986, Selected drill-stem test data for the Upper Colorado River basin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4146, iv, 112 p. :ill. (1 col.), maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844146.","productDescription":"iv, 112 p. :ill. (1 col.), maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160690,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4146/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58898,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4146/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58899,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4146/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4c38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Teller, R.W.","contributorId":16021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teller","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chafin, D. T.","contributorId":57893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chafin","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29367,"text":"wri854253 - 1986 - Analysis of fixed-station water-quality data in the Umpqua River basin, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T08:04:51","indexId":"wri854253","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4253","title":"Analysis of fixed-station water-quality data in the Umpqua River basin, Oregon","docAbstract":"An appraisal of surface water quality in the Umpqua River basin was made using existing monthly data collected by the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality and the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Douglas County Water Resources Survey. This appraisal was limited to interpretation of instantaneous monthly water quality data collected in the Umpqua River basin from water years 1974 to 1983. These data were used to compare water quality conditions throughout the basin and to determine if data collected from the NASQAN (National Stream Quality Accounting network) station are representative of upstream basin conditions. In general, data collected at the NASQAN station represent a composite of water quality from the North and South Umpqua Rivers. These river basins account for 82 % of the NASQAN station drainage. Water quality concentrations, loads, yields, and trends were statistically described and related to point source effluent loads and basin characteristics including geohydrology, hydrology, population, land use, and water use. Available point-and nonpoint-source data provided minimal information for determining cause-effect relations and for explaining observed trends in water quality; however, the data did indicate that the largest effluent discharges are located in the South Umpqua River basin in the Roseburg-Winston area. Instantaneous and annual flow weighted levels of specific conductance, phosphorus, organic plus ammonia nitrogen, nitrite plus nitrate, and fecal coliform bacteria are generally highest in the South Umpqua River near Roseburg. These high levels generally occur during the summer months when river flow is extremely low relative to flow in the North Umpqua River. The North Umpqua River has among the lowest constituent concentrations observed in the basin. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854253","usgsCitation":"Rinella, J.F., 1986, Analysis of fixed-station water-quality data in the Umpqua River basin, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4253, vii, 96 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854253.","productDescription":"vii, 96 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":58215,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4253/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123330,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4253/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de4b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rinella, J. F.","contributorId":86777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rinella","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":47701,"text":"wri854242 - 1986 - Hydrology of Hunters Lake, Hernando County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:23","indexId":"wri854242","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4242","title":"Hydrology of Hunters Lake, Hernando County, Florida","docAbstract":"The size and shape of Hunters Lake, Florida has been significantly altered by development of the surrounding Spring Hill residential community. The lake is the largest in Hernando County, enlarged by lakeshore excavation and connection to nearby ponds to an area of 360 acres at an average stage of 17.2 ft above sea level. Hunters Lake is naturally a closed lake, but development of Spring Hill has resulted in a surface water outflow from the lake in its southwest corner. Inflow to the lake could occur on the east side during extreme high-water periods. The karst terrain of the Hunters Lake area is internally drained through permeable soils, depressions, and sinkholes, and natural surface drainage is absent. The underlying Floridan aquifer system is unconfined except locally near coastal springs. Flow in the groundwater system is to the west regionally and to the southwest in the immediate area of Hunters Lake. Water level gradients in the groundwater system increase from 1.4 ft/mi east of the lake to about 8 ft/mi southwest of the lake. Hunters Lake is hydraulically connected to the groundwater system, receiving groundwater on the northeast side and losing water to the groundwater system on the southwest side. This close relationship with the groundwater system is demonstrated by graphical and numerical comparison of Hunters Lake stage with water levels in nearby groundwater sites. During 1965-84, the stage of Hunters Lake fluctuated between 12.48 and 20.7 ft above sea level. Because area lakes are all directly affected by groundwater levels, they also show a close relationship with water levels in Hunters Lake. Analysis of water quality data for Hunters Lake indicates that the water of the lake is a soft calcium bicarbonate type with ionic concentrations higher than in water from nearby shallow wells and lower than in water from the Upper Floridan aquifer. Samples collected in 1981-1983 indicate slightly higher levels of ionic concentration than in 1965-66. Distribution of specific conductance readings throughout the lake and water samples and specific conductance from upgradient sites indicates an inflow of more mineralized water into the northern part of the lake. Concentrations of nutrients, carbon, and phytoplankton in Hunters Lake are typical of lakes in this area of west-central Florida. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri854242","usgsCitation":"Henderson, S., 1986, Hydrology of Hunters Lake, Hernando County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4242, 1 map : col. ; 34 x 59 cm., on sheet 79 x 118 cm., folded in envelope 31 x 23 cm. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854242.","productDescription":"1 map : col. ; 34 x 59 cm., on sheet 79 x 118 cm., folded in envelope 31 x 23 cm. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":260400,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4242/report.pdf"},{"id":260401,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4242/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":258734,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4242/plate-1.pdf","size":"15172","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db604985","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henderson, S.E.","contributorId":70806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}