Since the establishment of the first national park (Yellowstone National Park in 1872) and the first wildlife refuge (Pelican Island in 1903), dramatic changes have occurred in both ecological and cultural landscapes across the U.S. The ability of these protected areas to maintain current levels of biodiversity depend, at least in part, on the integrity of the surrounding landscape. Our objective was to quantify and compare the extent and pattern of natural land cover, risk of conversion, and relationships with demographic and economic variables in counties near National Park Service units and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service refuges with those counties distant from either type of protected area in the coterminous United States. Our results indicate that landscapes in counties within 10 km of both parks and refuges and those within 10 km of just parks were more natural, more intact, and more protected than those in counties within 10 km of just refuges and counties greater than 10 km from either protected area system. However, they also had greater human population density and change in population, indicating potential conversion risk since the percent of landscape protected averaged < 5% in both groups and human population dynamics are primary drivers of change in many landscapes. Conversion outweighed protection by at least two times (Conservation Risk Index > 2) in 76% of counties near both parks and refuges, 81% of counties near just parks, 91% of counties near just refuges, and 93% of distant counties. Thirteen percent of counties in the coterminous U.S. had moderate to high amounts of natural land cover (> 60%), low protection (< 20%), and the greatest change in population (> 20%). Although these areas are not the most critically endangered, they represent the greatest conservation opportunity, need, and urgency. Our approach is based on national level metrics that are simple, general, informative, and can be understood by broad audiences and by policy makers and managers to assess the health of lands surrounding parks and refuges. Regular monitoring of these metrics with satellite data products in counties surrounding protected areas provides a consistent, national level assessment of management opportunities and potentially adverse changes on adjacent lands.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2008.11.015","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Svancara, L.K., Scott, J.M., Loveland, T.R., and Pidgorna, A., 2009, Assessing the landscape context and conversion risk of protected areas using satellite data products: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 113, no. 7, p. 1357-1369, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2008.11.015.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1357","endPage":"1369","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245605,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217648,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2008.11.015"}],"volume":"113","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edece4b0c8380cd49ae7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Svancara, Leona K.","contributorId":20071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Svancara","given":"Leona","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, J. M.","contributorId":55766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":140256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":457139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pidgorna, Anna","contributorId":171451,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pidgorna","given":"Anna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036586,"text":"70036586 - 2009 - Systemically applied insecticides for treatment of erythrina gall wasp, quadrastichus erythrinae kim hymenoptera: Eulophidae","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:01","indexId":"70036586","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":876,"text":"Arboriculture and Urban Forestry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Systemically applied insecticides for treatment of erythrina gall wasp, quadrastichus erythrinae kim hymenoptera: Eulophidae","docAbstract":"Abstract The erythrina gall wasp (EGW), believed native to Africa, is a recently described species and now serious invasive pest of Erythrina (coral trees) in tropical and subtropical locales. Erythrina are favored ornamental and landscape trees, as well as native members of threatened ecosystems. The EGW is a tiny, highly mobile, highly invasive wasp that deforms (galls) host trees causing severe defoliation and tree death. The first detection of EGW in the United States was in O'ahu, Hawai'i in April 2005. It quickly spread through the Hawai'ian island chain (U.S.) killing ornamental and native Erythrina in as little as two years. At risk are endemic populations of Erythrinaas well as ornamental landscape species in the same genus, the latter of which have already been killed and removed from O'ahu at a cost of more than USD $1 million. Because EGW are so small and spread so quickly, host injury is usually detected before adult wasps are observed, making prophylactic treatments less likely than therapeutic ones. This study evaluates two stem-injected insecticides, imidacloprid (IMA-jet??) and emamectin benzoate, delivered through Arborjet Tree I.V.?? equipment, for their ability to affect E. sandwicensis (wiliwili) canopy demise under severe EGW exposure. IMA-jet, applied at a rate of 0.16 g AI/cm basal diameter (0.4 g AI/in. dia.), was the only effective treatment for maintaining canopy condition of wiliwili trees. Emamectin benzoate, applied at a rate of -0.1 g AI/cm basal diameter (-0.25 g AI/in. dia.), was not effective in this application, although it was intermediate in effect between IMA-jet and untreated trees. The relatively high concentrations of imidacloprid in leaves, and its durability for at least 13 months in native wiliwili growing on a natural, dryland site, suggest that treatment applications against EGW can impact canopy recovery even under suboptimal site and tree conditions. ?? 2009 International Society of Arboriculture.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Arboriculture and Urban Forestry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"02785226","usgsCitation":"Doccola, J., Smith, S., Strom, B., Medeiros, A., and Von Allmen, E., 2009, Systemically applied insecticides for treatment of erythrina gall wasp, quadrastichus erythrinae kim hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Arboriculture and Urban Forestry, v. 35, no. 4, p. 173-181.","startPage":"173","endPage":"181","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245628,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba376e4b08c986b31fcf0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doccola, J.J.","contributorId":72625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doccola","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, S.L.","contributorId":99277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Strom, B.L.","contributorId":68568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strom","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Medeiros, A.C.","contributorId":19703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medeiros","given":"A.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Von Allmen, E.","contributorId":25692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Von Allmen","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036780,"text":"70036780 - 2009 - Changes in vegetation in northern Alaska under scenarios of climate change, 2003-2100: Implications for climate feedbacks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-10T10:24:10","indexId":"70036780","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in vegetation in northern Alaska under scenarios of climate change, 2003-2100: Implications for climate feedbacks","docAbstract":"Aquatic organisms exposed to endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) at early life-stages may have reduced reproductive fitness via disruption of reproductive and non-reproductive behavioral and physiological pathways. Survival to reproductive age relies upon optimal non-reproductive trait expression, such as adequate predator avoidance responses, which may be impacted through EDC exposure. During a predator–prey confrontation, larval fish use an innate C-start escape behavior to rapidly move away from an approaching threat. We tested the hypotheses that (1) larval fathead minnows exposed to estrogens, a primary class of EDCs, singularly or in mixture, suffer a reduced ability to perform an innate C-start behavior when faced with a threat stimulus; (2) additive effects will cause greater reductions in C-start behavior; and (3) effects will differ among developmental stages. In this study, embryos (post-fertilization until hatching) were exposed for 5 days to environmentally relevant concentrations of estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) singularly and in mixture. Exposed embryos were allowed to hatch and grow in control well water until 12 days old. Similarly, post-hatch fathead minnows were exposed for 12 days to these compounds. High-speed (1000 frames/s) video recordings of escape behavior were collected and transferred to National Institutes of Health Image for frame-by-frame analysis of latency period, escape velocity, and total escape response (combination of latency period and escape velocity). When tested 12 days post-hatch, only E1 adversely affected C-start performance of larvae exposed as embryos. Conversely, larvae exposed for 12 days post-hatch did not exhibit altered escape responses when exposed to E1, while adverse responses were seen in E2 and the estrogen mixture. Ethinylestradiol exposure did not elicit changes in escape behaviors at either developmental stage. The direct impact of reduced C-start performance on survival, and ultimately, reproductive fitness provides an avenue to assess the ecological relevance of exposure in an assay of relatively short duration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2008.12.002","issn":"01664","usgsCitation":"McGee, M., Julius, M., Vajda, A., Norris, D., Barber, L.B., and Schoenfuss, H., 2009, Predator avoidance performance of larval fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) following short-term exposure to estrogen mixtures: Aquatic Toxicology, v. 91, no. 4, p. 355-361, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2008.12.002.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"355","endPage":"361","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241421,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213764,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2008.12.002"}],"volume":"91","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a816ce4b0c8380cd7b514","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGee, M.R.","contributorId":82930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGee","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Julius, M.L.","contributorId":11775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Julius","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vajda, A.M.","contributorId":35961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vajda","given":"A.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Norris, D.O.","contributorId":58475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norris","given":"D.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barber, L. B.","contributorId":64602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schoenfuss, H.L.","contributorId":103877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoenfuss","given":"H.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70176797,"text":"70176797 - 2009 - Calling for an ecological approach to studying climate change and infectious diseases","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-27T10:27:04","indexId":"70176797","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Calling for an ecological approach to studying climate change and infectious diseases","docAbstract":"My Concepts and Synthesis paper (Lafferty 2009),which inspired this Forum, echoed the premise that earlyreviews about climate change exaggerated claims thatinfectious diseases will increase in the future (Randolph2009). The paper sparked five well-reasoned commen-taries from ecologists with considerable expertise ininfectious diseases (Dobson 2009, Harvell et al. 2009,Ostfeld 2009, Pascual and Bouma 2009, Randolph2009). These reviews illustrate several examples andcase studies which corr elate i ncreases in infectiousdisease with existing climate variation, though alterna-tive explanations exist for many of these patterns(Dobson 2009, Harvell et al. 2009, Ostfeld 2009, Pascualand Bouma 2009, Randolph 2009). A common messageis that an ecological approach is increasingly relevant tothe challenging topic of infectious disease.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/08-1767.1","usgsCitation":"Lafferty, K.D., 2009, Calling for an ecological approach to studying climate change and infectious diseases: Ecology, v. 90, no. 4, p. 932-933, https://doi.org/10.1890/08-1767.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"932","endPage":"933","ipdsId":"IP-008906","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329362,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7c08ae4b0bc0bec09c7d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":650342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70177590,"text":"70177590 - 2009 - Modeling individual animal histories with multistate capture–recapture models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-27T10:20:35","indexId":"70177590","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5217,"text":"Advances in Ecological Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling individual animal histories with multistate capture–recapture models","docAbstract":"Many fields of science begin with a phase of exploration and description, followed by investigations of the processes that account for observed patterns. The science of ecology is no exception, and recent decades have seen a focus on understanding key processes underlying the dynamics of ecological systems. In population ecology, emphasis has shifted from the state variable of population size to the demographic processes responsible for changes in this state variable: birth, death, immigration, and emigration. In evolutionary ecology, some of these same demographic processes, rates of birth and death, are also the determinants of fitness. In animal population ecology, the estimation of state variables and their associated vital rates is especially problematic because of the difficulties in sampling such populations and detecting individual animals. Indeed, early capture–recapture models were developed for the purpose of estimating population size, given the reality that all animals are not caught or detected at any sampling occasion. More recently, capture–recapture models for open populations were developed to draw inferences about survival in the face of these same sampling problems. The focus of this paper is on multi‐state mark–recapture models (MSMR), which first appeared in the 1970s but have undergone substantial development in the last 15 years. These models were developed to deal explicitly with biological variation, in that animals in different “states” (classes defined by location, physiology, behavior, reproductive status, etc.) may have different probabilities of survival and detection. Animal transitions between states are also stochastic and themselves of interest. These general models have proven to be extremely useful and provide a way of thinking about a remarkably wide range of important ecological processes. These methods are now at a stage of refinement and sophistication where they can readily be used by biologists to tackle a wide range of important issues in ecology. In this paper, we draw together information on the state of the art in multistate mark–recapture methods, explaining the models and illustrating their use. We provide a modeling philosophy and a series of general principles on how to conduct analyses. We cover key issues and features, and we anticipate the ways in which we expect the models to develop in the years ahead.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0065-2504(09)00403-6","usgsCitation":"Lebreton, J., Nichols, J., Barker, R., Pradel, R., and Spendelow, J.A., 2009, Modeling individual animal histories with multistate capture–recapture models: Advances in Ecological Research, v. 41, p. 87-173, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2504(09)00403-6.","productDescription":"87 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"173","ipdsId":"IP-010824","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330073,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5809d7c4e4b0f497e78fca77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lebreton, Jean-Dominique","contributorId":172792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lebreton","given":"Jean-Dominique","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, James D. jnichols@usgs.gov","contributorId":139082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James D.","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":651525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barker, Richard J.","contributorId":6987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barker","given":"Richard J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pradel, Roger","contributorId":176008,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pradel","given":"Roger","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Spendelow, Jeffrey A. 0000-0001-8167-0898 jspendelow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8167-0898","contributorId":4355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spendelow","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jspendelow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70176795,"text":"70176795 - 2009 - Modeling fuel succession","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-27T10:28:09","indexId":"70176795","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1639,"text":"Fire Management Today","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling fuel succession","docAbstract":"Surface fuels data are of critical importance for supporting fire incident management, risk assessment, and fuel management planning, but the development of surface fuels data can be expensive and time consuming. The data development process is extensive, generally beginning with acquisition of remotely sensed spatial data such as aerial photography or satellite imagery (Keane and others 2001). The spatial vegetation data are then crosswalked to a set of fire behavior fuel models that describe the available fuels (the burnable portions of the vegetation) (Anderson 1982, Scott and Burgan 2005). Finally, spatial fuels data are used as input to tools such as FARSITE and FlamMap to model current and potential fire spread and behavior (Finney 1998, Finney 2006).
The capture date of the remotely sensed data defines the period for which the vegetation, and, therefore, fuels, data are most accurate. The more time that passes after the capture date, the less accurate the data become due to vegetation growth and processes such as fire. Subsequently, the results of any fire simulation based on these data become less accurate as the data age. Because of the amount of labor and expense required to develop these data, keeping them updated may prove to be a challenge.
In this article, we describe the Sierra Nevada Fuel Succession Model, a modeling tool that can quickly and easily update surface fuel models with a minimum of additional input data. Although it was developed for use by Yosemite, Sequoia, and Kings Canyon National Parks, it is applicable to much of the central and southern Sierra Nevada. Furthermore, the methods used to develop the model have national applicability.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Davis, B., Van Wagtendonk, J.W., Beck, J., and van Wagtendonk, K.A., 2009, Modeling fuel succession: Fire Management Today, v. 69, no. 2, p. 18-21.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"18","endPage":"21","ipdsId":"IP-008445","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329360,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":329359,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.fs.fed.us/rm/pubs_other/rmrs_2009_davis_b001.pdf?"}],"volume":"69","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7c08ae4b0bc0bec09c7db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Brett","contributorId":175173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Brett","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Wagtendonk, Jan W. jan_van_wagtendonk@usgs.gov","contributorId":2648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Wagtendonk","given":"Jan","email":"jan_van_wagtendonk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":650338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beck, Jen","contributorId":175174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beck","given":"Jen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"van Wagtendonk, Kent A.","contributorId":175027,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"van Wagtendonk","given":"Kent","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70176957,"text":"70176957 - 2009 - Book review: Birds of Prey: Health & Disease, Third Edition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:44:05","indexId":"70176957","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Book review: Birds of Prey: Health & Disease, Third Edition","docAbstract":"Even though this book is billed as the third edition it is, in the words of Patrick T. Redig, author of its Foreword, ‘‘a seriously reinvented book.’’ Originally published in 1978 under the title of Veterinary Aspects of Captive Birds of Prey, this new edition, with its new title, could stand alone and not have been tagged with the ‘‘third edition.’’ Much has changed in the world of avian medicine in the 30 yr since the publishing of the original tome, and this new volume brings the latest information on raptor medicine to the reader.
Review info: Birds of Prey: Health & Disease, Third Edition. Edited by John E. Cooper. Blackwell Sciences, Ltd., Oxford, UK. 2002. 345 pp. ISBN 978-0-63205-115-1.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-45.3.888","usgsCitation":"Olsen, G.H., 2009, Book review: Birds of Prey: Health & Disease, Third Edition: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 45, no. 3, p. 888-889, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-45.3.888.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"888","endPage":"889","ipdsId":"IP-012341","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329548,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58009d56e4b0824b2d183b96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olsen, Glenn H. 0000-0002-7188-6203 golsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-6203","contributorId":40918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Glenn","email":"golsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":650878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70176796,"text":"70176796 - 2009 - Acceptance of the 2009 Henry Baldwin Ward Medal: The accidental parasitologist","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-27T10:27:34","indexId":"70176796","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2414,"text":"Journal of Parasitology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Acceptance of the 2009 Henry Baldwin Ward Medal: The accidental parasitologist","docAbstract":"Members of the Society, President Conn, colleagues, friends, and particularly students, the Ward Medal recipient, from Clarke Read onward, traditionally recounts how their career was shaped. A decade ago, in a crumbling Kona hotel, the ASP's own tattooed lady, Janine Caira, opened her Ward Medal address with: “To all future Ward Medalists, many of whom I trust are sitting in the audience out there today, I say: savor the moment! You have no idea how much easier it is to be sitting out there where you are than standing up here where I am” (Caira 1998). I certainly didn't imagine that Janine was delivering her advice to me and it is presumptuous to imagine my story is a template for shaping a career. As the title of my talk indicates, it was an accident.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Parasitologists","doi":"10.1645/GE-2307.1","usgsCitation":"Lafferty, K.D., 2009, Acceptance of the 2009 Henry Baldwin Ward Medal: The accidental parasitologist: Journal of Parasitology, v. 95, no. 6, p. 1267-1271, https://doi.org/10.1645/GE-2307.1.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1267","endPage":"1271","ipdsId":"IP-014891","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329361,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7c08ae4b0bc0bec09c7d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":650341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70193174,"text":"70193174 - 2009 - Food supplies of stream-dwelling salmonids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-26T15:58:11","indexId":"70193174","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Food supplies of stream-dwelling salmonids","docAbstract":"Much is known about the importance of the physical characteristics of salmonid habitat in Alaska and the Pacific Northwest, with far less known about the food sources and trophic processes within these habitats, and the role they play in regulating salmonid productivity. Freshwater food webs supporting salmonids in Alaska rely heavily on nutrient, detritus and prey subsidies from both marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Adult salmon provide a massive input of marine biomass to riverine ecosystems each year when they spawn, die, and decompose, and are a critical food source for young salmon in late summer and fall; riparian forests provide terrestrial invertebrates to streams, which at times comprise over half of the food ingested by stream-resident salmonids; and up-slope, fishless headwater streams are a year-round source of invertebrates and detritus for fish downstream. The quantity of these food resources vary widely depending on source, season, and spatial position within a watershed. Terrestrial invertebrate inputs from riparian habitats are generally the most abundant food source in summer. Juvenile salmonids in streams consume roughly equal amounts of freshwater and terrestrially-derived invertebrates during most of the growing season, but ingest substantial amounts of marine resources (salmon eggs and decomposing salmon tissue) when these food items are present. Quantity, quality, and timing of food resources all appear to be important driving forces in aquatic food web dynamics, community nutrition, and salmonid growth and survival in riverine ecosystems.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Fisheries Society Symposium 70","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","usgsCitation":"Wipfli, M.S., 2009, Food supplies of stream-dwelling salmonids, in American Fisheries Society Symposium 70, 14 p.","productDescription":"14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-007611","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350717,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":347778,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://alaska.portal.gina.alaska.edu/catalogs/9657-food-supplies-of-stream-dwelling-salmonids"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6c4c9ae4b06e28e9cabb28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wipfli, Mark S. 0000-0002-4856-6068 mwipfli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4856-6068","contributorId":1425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wipfli","given":"Mark","email":"mwipfli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70193212,"text":"70193212 - 2009 - Hemlock ecosystem monitoring of New River Gorge National River and Gauley River National Recreation Area vegetation and bird communities: 1998–2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-20T12:43:00","indexId":"70193212","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":53,"text":"Natural Resource Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"NPS/NER/NRR—2009/019","title":"Hemlock ecosystem monitoring of New River Gorge National River and Gauley River National Recreation Area vegetation and bird communities: 1998–2008","docAbstract":"We initiated a long-term hemlock ecosystem monitoring study in 1998 on the New River Gorge National River (NERI) and Gauley River National Recreation Area (GARI), in Nicholas, Fayette, and Raleigh counties, West Virginia, to quantify the effects of hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA) on forest ecosystem dynamics. Hemlock vigor and degree of adelgid infestation were sampled in each fall 1998 through 2007 except 1999 and 2005; vegetation structure and composition were sampled in summer 1999 and 2007; and avian populations were sampled each summer 1999 through 2008. HWA was first detected on sampling plots in 2004 when it was found on eight of 36 plots and reached a high of 22 plots in 2006. Although hemlock crown vigor has declined, limited hemlock mortality has occurred. Consequently, vegetation structure and bird communities have changed little. However, because the literature suggests that tree mortality can occur within four to six years of infestation, we expect hemlock mortality to ensue.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Wood, J.M., Wood, P.B., and Perez, J., 2009, Hemlock ecosystem monitoring of New River Gorge National River and Gauley River National Recreation Area vegetation and bird communities: 1998–2008: Natural Resource Report NPS/NER/NRR—2009/019, xiii, 27 p.","productDescription":"xiii, 27 p.","numberOfPages":"46","ipdsId":"IP-011088","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350142,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Gauley River National Recreation Area, New River Gorge National River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.25213623046875,\n 37.5249753680482\n ],\n [\n -80.43914794921875,\n 37.5249753680482\n ],\n [\n -80.43914794921875,\n 38.30718056188316\n ],\n [\n -81.25213623046875,\n 38.30718056188316\n ],\n [\n -81.25213623046875,\n 37.5249753680482\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a610cfde4b06e28e9c25769","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, John M.","contributorId":200456,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, Petra Bohall pbwood@usgs.gov","contributorId":1791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Petra","email":"pbwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Bohall","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":718215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perez, John","contributorId":201437,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perez","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70193194,"text":"70193194 - 2009 - NASA 2008 HyspIRI whitepaper and workshop report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-14T11:26:16","indexId":"70193194","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"NASA 2008 HyspIRI whitepaper and workshop report","docAbstract":"From October 21-23, 2008, NASA held a three-day workshop to consider the Hyperspectral Infrared Imager (HyspIRI) mission recommended for implementation by the 2007 report from the U.S. National Research Council Earth Science and Applications from Space: National Imperatives for the Next Decade and Beyond, also known as the Earth Science Decadal Survey. The open workshop provided a forum to present the initial observational requirements for the mission and assess its anticipated impact on scientific and operational applications as well as obtain feedback from the broader scientific community on the mission concept.
The workshop participants concluded the HyspIRI mission would provide a significant new capability to study ecosystems and natural hazards at spatial scales relevant to human resource use. In addition, participants confirmed that the proposed instrument designs could meet the measurement requirements and be implemented through the use of current technology.
The workshop participants, like the Decadal Survey itself, strongly endorsed the need for the HyspIRI mission and felt the mission, as defined, would accomplish the intended science.
","language":"English","publisher":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","usgsCitation":"HyspIRI Group, and Mars, J.C., 2009, NASA 2008 HyspIRI whitepaper and workshop report, 79 p.","productDescription":"79 p.","ipdsId":"IP-026918","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351598,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":351597,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://hyspiri.jpl.nasa.gov/downloads/2008_Workshop/2008%20HyspIRI%20Whitepaper%20and%20Science%20Workshop%20Report-r2.pdf"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afefaa4e4b0da30c1bfca46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"HyspIRI Group","contributorId":202485,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"HyspIRI Group","id":728551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mars, John C. 0000-0002-0421-1388 jmars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0421-1388","contributorId":178265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mars","given":"John","email":"jmars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70033131,"text":"70033131 - 2009 - Evaluation of trap capture in a geographically closed population of brown treesnakes on Guam","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:39","indexId":"70033131","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of trap capture in a geographically closed population of brown treesnakes on Guam","docAbstract":"1. Open population mark-recapture analysis of unbounded populations accommodates some types of closure violations (e.g. emigration, immigration). In contrast, closed population analysis of such populations readily allows estimation of capture heterogeneity and behavioural response, but requires crucial assumptions about closure (e.g. no permanent emigration) that are suspect and rarely tested empirically. 2. In 2003, we erected a double-sided barrier to prevent movement of snakes in or out of a 5-ha semi-forested study site in northern Guam. This geographically closed population of >100 snakes was monitored using a series of transects for visual searches and a 13 ?? 13 trapping array, with the aim of marking all snakes within the site. Forty-five marked snakes were also supplemented into the resident population to quantify the efficacy of our sampling methods. We used the program mark to analyse trap captures (101 occasions), referenced to census data from visual surveys, and quantified heterogeneity, behavioural response, and size bias in trappability. Analytical inclusion of untrapped individuals greatly improved precision in the estimation of some covariate effects. 3. A novel discovery was that trap captures for individual snakes consisted of asynchronous bouts of high capture probability lasting about 7 days (ephemeral behavioural effect). There was modest behavioural response (trap happiness) and significant latent (unexplained) heterogeneity, with small influences on capture success of date, gender, residency status (translocated or not), and body condition. 4. Trapping was shown to be an effective tool for eradicating large brown treesnakes Boiga irregularis (>900 mm snout-vent length, SVL). 5. Synthesis and applications. Mark-recapture modelling is commonly used by ecological managers to estimate populations. However, existing models involve making assumptions about either closure violations or response to capture. Physical closure of our population on a landscape scale allowed us to determine the relative importance of covariates influencing capture probability (body size, trappability periods, and latent heterogeneity). This information was used to develop models in which different segments of the population could be assigned different probabilities of capture, and suggests that modelling of open populations should incorporate easily measured, but potentially overlooked, parameters such as body size or condition. ?? 2008 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01591.x","issn":"00218","usgsCitation":"Tyrrell, C., Christy, M., Rodda, G., Yackel Adams, A., Ellingson, A., Savidge, J.A., Dean-Bradley, K., and Bischof, R., 2009, Evaluation of trap capture in a geographically closed population of brown treesnakes on Guam: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 46, no. 1, p. 128-135, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01591.x.","startPage":"128","endPage":"135","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213306,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01591.x"},{"id":240918,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0cfee4b0c8380cd52d99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tyrrell, C.L.","contributorId":84551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tyrrell","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Christy, M.T.","contributorId":20968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christy","given":"M.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rodda, G.H.","contributorId":103998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodda","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yackel Adams, A. A. 0000-0002-7044-8447","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7044-8447","contributorId":16792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackel Adams","given":"A. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ellingson, A.R.","contributorId":19514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellingson","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Savidge, J. A.","contributorId":36078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savidge","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dean-Bradley, K.","contributorId":35268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean-Bradley","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bischof, R.","contributorId":84691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischof","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70032851,"text":"70032851 - 2009 - Long-term survival despite low genetic diversity in the critically endangered Madagascar fish-eagle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:33","indexId":"70032851","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term survival despite low genetic diversity in the critically endangered Madagascar fish-eagle","docAbstract":"The critically endangered Madagascar fish-eagle (Haliaeetus vociferoides) is considered to be one of the rarest birds of prey globally and at significant risk of extinction. In the most recent census, only 222 adult individuals were recorded with an estimated total breeding population of no more than 100-120 pairs. Here, levels of Madagascar fish-eagle population genetic diversity based on 47 microsatellite loci were compared with its sister species, the African fish-eagle (Haliaeetus vocifer), and 16 of these loci were also characterized in the white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) and the bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus). Overall, extremely low genetic diversity was observed in the Madagascar fish-eagle compared to other surveyed Haliaeetus species. Determining whether this low diversity is the result of a recent bottleneck or a more historic event has important implications for their conservation. Using a Bayesian coalescent-based method, we show that Madagascar fish-eagles have maintained a small effective population size for hundreds to thousands of years and that its low level of neutral genetic diversity is not the result of a recent bottleneck. Therefore, efforts made to prevent Madagascar fish-eagle extinction should place high priority on maintenance of habitat requirements and reducing direct and indirect human persecution. Given the current rate of deforestation in Madagascar, we further recommend that the population be expanded to occupy a larger geographical distribution. This will help the population persist when exposed to stochastic factors (e.g. climate and disease) that may threaten a species consisting of only 200 adult individuals while inhabiting a rapidly changing landscape. ?? 2008 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.04012.x","issn":"09621","usgsCitation":"Johnson, J.A., Tingay, R., Culver, M., Hailer, F., Clarke, M., and Mindell, D., 2009, Long-term survival despite low genetic diversity in the critically endangered Madagascar fish-eagle: Molecular Ecology, v. 18, no. 1, p. 54-63, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.04012.x.","startPage":"54","endPage":"63","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241779,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214090,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.04012.x"}],"volume":"18","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a49a9e4b0c8380cd687bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, J. A.","contributorId":88375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tingay, R.E.","contributorId":21765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tingay","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Culver, M.","contributorId":92462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Culver","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hailer, F.","contributorId":49184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hailer","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clarke, M.L.","contributorId":101086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clarke","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mindell, D.P.","contributorId":67187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mindell","given":"D.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70032629,"text":"70032629 - 2009 - Characterization of the interferon genes in homozygous rainbow trout reveals two novel genes, alternate splicing and differential regulation of duplicated genes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-28T12:34:10","indexId":"70032629","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1653,"text":"Fish and Shellfish Immunology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of the interferon genes in homozygous rainbow trout reveals two novel genes, alternate splicing and differential regulation of duplicated genes","docAbstract":"The genes encoding the type I and type II interferons (IFNs) have previously been identified in rainbow trout and their proteins partially characterized. These previous studies reported a single type II IFN (rtIFN-??) and three rainbow trout type I IFN genes that are classified into either group I (rtIFN1, rtIFN2) or group II (rtIFN3). In this present study, we report the identification of a novel IFN-?? gene (rtIFN-??2) and a novel type I group II IFN (rtIFN4) in homozygous rainbow trout and predict that additional IFN genes or pseudogenes exist in the rainbow trout genome. Additionally, we provide evidence that short and long forms of rtIFN1 are actively and differentially transcribed in homozygous trout, and likely arose due to alternate splicing of the first exon. Quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) assays were developed to systematically profile all of the rainbow trout IFN transcripts, with high specificity at an individual gene level, in na??ve fish and after stimulation with virus or viral-related molecules. Cloned PCR products were used to ensure the specificity of the qRT-PCR assays and as absolute standards to assess transcript abundance of each gene. All IFN genes were modulated in response to Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), a DNA vaccine based on the IHNV glycoprotein, and poly I:C. The most inducible of the type I IFN genes, by all stimuli tested, were rtIFN3 and the short transcript form of rtIFN1. Gene expression of rtIFN-??1 and rtIFN-??2 was highly up-regulated by IHNV infection and DNA vaccination but rtIFN-??2 was induced to a greater magnitude. The specificity of the qRT-PCR assays reported here will be useful for future studies aimed at identifying which cells produce IFNs at early time points after infection. ?? 2008 Elsevier Ltd.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier ","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2008.11.012","issn":"10504","usgsCitation":"Purcell, M.K., Laing, K., Woodson, J., Thorgaard, G., and Hansen, J., 2009, Characterization of the interferon genes in homozygous rainbow trout reveals two novel genes, alternate splicing and differential regulation of duplicated genes: Fish and Shellfish Immunology, v. 26, no. 2, p. 293-304, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2008.11.012.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"293","endPage":"304","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":213858,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2008.11.012"},{"id":241523,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4e5e4b0c8380cd4bfaa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Purcell, M. K.","contributorId":78464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purcell","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Laing, K.J.","contributorId":17037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laing","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woodson, J.C.","contributorId":58477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodson","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thorgaard, G.H.","contributorId":76678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorgaard","given":"G.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hansen, J.D.","contributorId":107880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032564,"text":"70032564 - 2009 - Zooplankton assemblages in montane lakes and ponds of Mount Rainier National Park, Washington State, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T15:37:35","indexId":"70032564","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2430,"text":"Journal of Plankton Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Zooplankton assemblages in montane lakes and ponds of Mount Rainier National Park, Washington State, USA","docAbstract":"Water quality and zooplankton samples were collected during the ice-free periods between 1988 and 2005 from 103 oligotrophic montane lakes and ponds located in low forest to alpine vegetation zones in Mount Rainier National Park, Washington State, USA. Collectively, 45 rotifer and 44 crustacean taxa were identified. Most of the numerically dominant taxa appeared to have wide niche breadths. The average number of taxa per lake decreased with elevation and generally increased as maximum lake depths increased (especially for rotifers). With one exception, fish presence/absence did not explain the taxonomic compositions of crustacean zooplankton assemblages. Many rotifer species were common members of zooplankton assemblages in montane lakes and ponds in western North America, whereas the crustacean taxa were common to some areas of the west, but not others. Constraints of the environmental variables did not appear to provide strong gradients to separate the distributions of most zooplankton species. This suggests that interspecific competitive interactions and stochastic processes regulate the taxonomic structures of the zooplankton assemblages at the landscape level. Crustacean species that had broad niche breadths were associated with different rotifer taxa across the environmental gradients. Studies of zooplankton assemblages need to address both crustacean and rotifer taxa, not one or the other.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Plankton Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1093/plankt/fbn125","issn":"01427","usgsCitation":"Larson, G., Hoffman, R., McIntire, C.D., Lienkaemper, G., and Samora, B., 2009, Zooplankton assemblages in montane lakes and ponds of Mount Rainier National Park, Washington State, USA: Journal of Plankton Research, v. 31, no. 3, p. 273-285, https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbn125.","startPage":"273","endPage":"285","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":213916,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbn125"},{"id":241588,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd29de4b08c986b32f909","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, G.L.","contributorId":103021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoffman, R.","contributorId":10205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McIntire, C. D.","contributorId":35274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIntire","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lienkaemper, G.","contributorId":69113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lienkaemper","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Samora, B.","contributorId":10012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samora","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70032491,"text":"70032491 - 2009 - Major- and trace-element characterization, expanded distribution, and a new chronology for the latest Pleistocene Glacier Peak tephras in western North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:21","indexId":"70032491","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Major- and trace-element characterization, expanded distribution, and a new chronology for the latest Pleistocene Glacier Peak tephras in western North America","docAbstract":"The Glacier Peak tephra beds are among the most widespread and arguably some of the most important late Pleistocene chronostratigraphic markers in western North America. These beds represent a series of closely-spaced Plinian and sub-Plinian eruptions from Glacier Peak, Washington. The two most widespread beds, Glacier Peak 'G' and 'B', are reliably distinguished by their glass major and trace element abundances. These beds are also more broadly distributed than previously considered, covering at least 550,000 and 260,000??km2, respectively. A third bed, the Irvine bed, known only from southern Alberta, is similar in its major-element composition to the Glacier Peak G bed, but it shows considerable differences in trace element concentrations. The Irvine bed is likely considerably older than the G and B tephras and probably records an additional Plinian eruption, perhaps also from Glacier Peak but from a different magma than G through B. A review of the published radiocarbon ages, new ages in this study, and consideration in a Bayesian framework suggest that the widespread G and B beds are several hundred years older than widely assumed. Our revised age is about 11,600??14C yr BP or a calibrated age (at 2 sigma) of 13,710-13,410??cal yr BP. ?? 2008 University of Washington.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.yqres.2008.11.003","issn":"00335","usgsCitation":"Kuehn, S., Froese, D., Carrara, P., Foit, F., Pearce, N., and Rotheisler, P., 2009, Major- and trace-element characterization, expanded distribution, and a new chronology for the latest Pleistocene Glacier Peak tephras in western North America: Quaternary Research, v. 71, no. 2, p. 201-216, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2008.11.003.","startPage":"201","endPage":"216","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213885,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2008.11.003"},{"id":241552,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4c27e4b0c8380cd69a46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuehn, S.C.","contributorId":95701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuehn","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Froese, D.G.","contributorId":41197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Froese","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carrara, P. E.","contributorId":33727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carrara","given":"P. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Foit, F.F. Jr.","contributorId":77749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foit","given":"F.F.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pearce, N.J.G.","contributorId":75763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"N.J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rotheisler, P.","contributorId":13448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rotheisler","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70033834,"text":"70033834 - 2009 - Recent status and trends of the land bird avifauna on Saipan, Mariana Islands, with emphasis on the endangered Nightingale Reed-warbler Acrocephalus luscinia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:31","indexId":"70033834","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1048,"text":"Bird Conservation International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent status and trends of the land bird avifauna on Saipan, Mariana Islands, with emphasis on the endangered Nightingale Reed-warbler Acrocephalus luscinia","docAbstract":"The avifauna of the Mariana Islands, an archipelago in the western Pacific, faces the threats of rapid economic development and the spread of non-native species, particularly a devastating predator, Brown Tree Snake Boiga irregularis. In this paper, we examine the status and trends of the land bird fauna of Saipan Island based on three island-wide surveys conducted in 1982, 1997, and 2007. During this period, the human population on Saipan increased more than four-fold and much of the island has been developed. The surveys employed standard point-transect methods based on Distance Sampling. Remarkably, we found nearly all species of land birds - 11 native species and three introduced species - to be common or abundant. The exception was the Micronesian Megapode Megapodius laperouse, a historically rare species that was not observed on the 2007 survey, although it does persist on Saipan and other Mariana islands. A comparison of species densities among the three surveys showed that seven species, mainly fruit and seed-eaters, had increased and three species of insectivorous birds had decreased - Rufous Fantail Rhipidura rufifrons, Nightingale Reed-warbler Acrocephalus luscinia, and Golden White-eye Cleptornis marchei. Of these three, Nightingale Reed-warbler is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List and as an Endangered Species by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Reed-warbler densities on Saipan decreased by more than half between 1982 and 2007. Although point transect sampling worked well for this species, density estimates and trends assessment could be improved by reallocating sampling stations among habitats and by more frequent sampling. ?? BirdLife International 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bird Conservation International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1017/S0959270909008417","issn":"09592709","usgsCitation":"Camp, R., Pratt, T., Marshall, A., Amidon, F., and Williams, L., 2009, Recent status and trends of the land bird avifauna on Saipan, Mariana Islands, with emphasis on the endangered Nightingale Reed-warbler Acrocephalus luscinia: Bird Conservation International, v. 19, no. 4, p. 323-337, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0959270909008417.","startPage":"323","endPage":"337","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476192,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0959270909008417","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214352,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0959270909008417"},{"id":242072,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a964de4b0c8380cd81ef1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Camp, R.J.","contributorId":89097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Camp","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pratt, T.K.","contributorId":13717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"T.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marshall, A.P.","contributorId":64042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Amidon, F.","contributorId":44368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amidon","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Williams, L.L.","contributorId":30396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70033776,"text":"70033776 - 2009 - Persistence of effects of high sediment loading in a salmon-bearing river, northern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T14:42:01","indexId":"70033776","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Persistence of effects of high sediment loading in a salmon-bearing river, northern California","docAbstract":"Regional high-magnitude rainstorms have produced several large floods in north coastal California during the last century, which resulted in extensive massmovement activity and channel aggradation. Channel monitoring in Redwood Creek, through the use of cross-sectional surveys, thalweg profi les, and pebble counts, has documented the persistence and routing of channel-stored sediment following these large floods in the 1960s and 1970s. Channel response varied on the basis of timing of peak aggradation. Channel-stored sediment was evacuated rapidly from the upstream third of the Redwood Creek channel, and the channel bed stabilized by 1985 as the bed coarsened. Currently only narrow remnants of flood deposits remain and are well vegetated. In the downstream reach, channel aggradation peaked in the 1990s, and the channel is still incising. Channel-bed elevations throughout the watershed showed an approximate exponential decrease with time, but decay rates were highest in areas with the thickest flood deposits. Pool frequencies and depths generally increased from 1977 to 1995, as did median residual water depths, but a 10 yr flood in 1997 resulted in a moderate reversal of this trend. Channel aggradation generated during 25 yr return interval floods has persisted in Redwood Creek for more than 30 yr and has impacted many life cycles of salmon. Watershed restoration work is currently focused on correcting erosion problems on hillslopes to reduce future sediment supply to Redwood Creek instead of attempting in-channel manipulations. ?? 2009 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2009.2451(03)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Madej, M.A., and Ozaki, V., 2009, Persistence of effects of high sediment loading in a salmon-bearing river, northern California: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 451, p. 43-55, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.2451(03).","startPage":"43","endPage":"55","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242099,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214376,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2009.2451(03)"}],"issue":"451","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a76e6e4b0c8380cd7838a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madej, Mary Ann 0000-0003-2831-3773 mary_ann_madej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2831-3773","contributorId":40304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madej","given":"Mary","email":"mary_ann_madej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ozaki, V.","contributorId":8029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ozaki","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70176272,"text":"70176272 - 2009 - Risk assessment of invasive species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-06T16:06:36","indexId":"70176272","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Risk assessment of invasive species","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Invasive species management: A handbook of principles and techniques","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","isbn":"9780199216338","usgsCitation":"Oxford University Press, 2009, Risk assessment of invasive species, chap. of Invasive species management: A handbook of principles and techniques, p. 19-35.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"35","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328287,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":328286,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://global.oup.com/academic/product/invasive-species-management-9780199216338?cc=us&lang=en&#"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57cfe8bce4b04836416a0e14"} ,{"id":70032494,"text":"70032494 - 2009 - Effects of spatial heterogeneity on butterfly species richness in Rocky Mountain National Park, CO, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:21","indexId":"70032494","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1006,"text":"Biodiversity and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of spatial heterogeneity on butterfly species richness in Rocky Mountain National Park, CO, USA","docAbstract":"We investigated butterfly responses to plot-level characteristics (plant species richness, vegetation height, and range in NDVI [normalized difference vegetation index]) and spatial heterogeneity in topography and landscape patterns (composition and configuration) at multiple spatial scales. Stratified random sampling was used to collect data on butterfly species richness from seventy-six 20 ?? 50 m plots. The plant species richness and average vegetation height data were collected from 76 modified-Whittaker plots overlaid on 76 butterfly plots. Spatial heterogeneity around sample plots was quantified by measuring topographic variables and landscape metrics at eight spatial extents (radii of 300, 600 to 2,400 m). The number of butterfly species recorded was strongly positively correlated with plant species richness, proportion of shrubland and mean patch size of shrubland. Patterns in butterfly species richness were negatively correlated with other variables including mean patch size, average vegetation height, elevation, and range in NDVI. The best predictive model selected using Akaike's Information Criterion corrected for small sample size (AICc), explained 62% of the variation in butterfly species richness at the 2,100 m spatial extent. Average vegetation height and mean patch size were among the best predictors of butterfly species richness. The models that included plot-level information and topographic variables explained relatively less variation in butterfly species richness, and were improved significantly after including landscape metrics. Our results suggest that spatial heterogeneity greatly influences patterns in butterfly species richness, and that it should be explicitly considered in conservation and management actions. ?? 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biodiversity and Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10531-008-9536-8","issn":"09603","usgsCitation":"Kumar, S., Simonson, S., and Stohlgren, T., 2009, Effects of spatial heterogeneity on butterfly species richness in Rocky Mountain National Park, CO, USA: Biodiversity and Conservation, v. 18, no. 3, p. 739-763, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-008-9536-8.","startPage":"739","endPage":"763","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213942,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-008-9536-8"},{"id":241618,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a07d5e4b0c8380cd51872","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kumar, S.","contributorId":89843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kumar","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simonson, S.E.","contributorId":78695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simonson","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stohlgren, T.J.","contributorId":7217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70032655,"text":"70032655 - 2009 - Seasonal stability of Cladophora-associated Salmonella in Lake Michigan watersheds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:23","indexId":"70032655","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3716,"text":"Water Research","onlineIssn":"1879-2448","printIssn":"0043-1354","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal stability of Cladophora-associated Salmonella in Lake Michigan watersheds","docAbstract":"The bacterial pathogens Shigella, Salmonella, Campylobacter, and shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) were recently found to be associated with Cladophora growing in southern Lake Michigan. Preliminary results indicated that the Salmonella strains associated with Cladophora were genetically identical to each other. However, because of the small sample size (n = 37 isolates) and a lack of information on spatial-temporal relationships, the nature of the association between Cladophora and Salmonella remained speculative. In this study, we investigated the population structure and genetic relatedness of a large number of Cladophora-borne Salmonella isolates from Lake Michigan (n = 133), as well as those isolated from stream and lake water (n = 31), aquatic plants (n = 8), and beach sands and sediments (n = 8) from adjacent watersheds. Salmonella isolates were collected during 2005-2007 between May and August from Lake Michigan beachsheds in Wisconsin, Illinois, and Indiana. The genetic relatedness of Salmonella isolates was examined by using the horizontal, fluorophore-enhanced rep-PCR (HFERP) DNA fingerprinting technique. While the Salmonella isolates associated with Cladophora exhibited a high degree of genetic relatedness (???92% similarity), the isolates were not all genetically identical. Spatial and temporal relationships were evident in the populations examined, with tight clustering of the isolates both by year and location. These findings suggest that the relationship between Salmonella and Cladophora is likely casual and is related to input sources (e.g. wastewater, runoff, birds) and the predominant Salmonella genotype surviving in the environment during a given season. Our studies indicate that Cladophora is likely an important reservoir for Salmonella and other enteric bacterial pathogens in Lake Michigan beachsheds, which in turn may influence nearshore water quality. ?? 2008 Elsevier Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2008.11.012","issn":"00431","usgsCitation":"Byappanahalli, M., Sawdey, R., Ishii, S., Shively, D., Ferguson, J., Whitman, R., and Sadowsky, M., 2009, Seasonal stability of Cladophora-associated Salmonella in Lake Michigan watersheds: Water Research, v. 43, no. 3, p. 806-814, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2008.11.012.","startPage":"806","endPage":"814","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241456,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213797,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2008.11.012"}],"volume":"43","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b88d9e4b08c986b316bd6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Byappanahalli, M.N.","contributorId":11384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byappanahalli","given":"M.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sawdey, R.","contributorId":35962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sawdey","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ishii, S.","contributorId":59613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ishii","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shively, D.A.","contributorId":78123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shively","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ferguson, J.A.","contributorId":100621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferguson","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Whitman, R.L.","contributorId":69750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitman","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sadowsky, M.J.","contributorId":19337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sadowsky","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70033777,"text":"70033777 - 2009 - Allogenic sedimentary components of Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:30","indexId":"70033777","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Allogenic sedimentary components of Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho","docAbstract":"Bear Lake is a long-lived lake filling a tectonic depression between the Bear River Range to the west and the Bear River Plateau to the east, and straddling the border between Utah and Idaho. Mineralogy, elemental geochemistry, and magnetic properties provide information about variations in provenance of allogenic lithic material in last-glacial-age, quartz-rich sediment in Bear Lake. Grain-size data from the siliciclastic fraction of late-glacial to Holocene carbonate-rich sediments provide information about variations in lake level. For the quartz-rich lower unit, which was deposited while the Bear River fl owed into and out of the lake, four source areas are recognized on the basis of modern fluvial samples with contrasting properties that reflect differences in bedrock geology and in magnetite content from dust. One of these areas is underlain by hematite-rich Uinta Mountain Group rocks in the headwaters of the Bear River. Although Uinta Mountain Group rocks make up a small fraction of the catchment, hematite-rich material from this area is an important component of the lower unit. This material is interpreted to be glacial fl our. Variations in the input of glacial flour are interpreted as having caused quasi-cyclical variations in mineralogical and elemental concentrations, and in magnetic properties within the lower unit. The carbonate-rich younger unit was deposited under conditions similar to those of the modern lake, with the Bear River largely bypassing the lake. For two cores taken in more than 30 m of water, median grain sizes in this unit range from ???6 ??m to more than 30 ??m, with the coarsest grain sizes associated with beach or shallow-water deposits. Similar grain-size variations are observed as a function of water depth in the modern lake and provide the basis for interpreting the core grain-size data in terms of lake level. Copyright ?? 2009 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2009.2450(06)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Rosenbaum, J.G., Dean, W., Reynolds, R.L., and Reheis, M., 2009, Allogenic sedimentary components of Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 450, p. 145-168, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.2450(06).","startPage":"145","endPage":"168","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242132,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214409,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2009.2450(06)"}],"issue":"450","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e96de4b0c8380cd4829a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenbaum, J. G.","contributorId":96685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenbaum","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dean, W.E.","contributorId":97099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reynolds, R. L. 0000-0002-4572-2942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-2942","contributorId":79885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"R.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reheis, M.C. 0000-0002-8359-323X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8359-323X","contributorId":36128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reheis","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70176163,"text":"70176163 - 2009 - Using a coupled groundwater/surfacewater model to predict climate-change impacts to lakes in the Trout Lake watershed, Northern Wisconsin","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70176163,"text":"70176163 - 2009 - Using a coupled groundwater/surfacewater model to predict climate-change impacts to lakes in the Trout Lake watershed, Northern Wisconsin","indexId":"70176163","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"title":"Using a coupled groundwater/surfacewater model to predict climate-change impacts to lakes in the Trout Lake watershed, Northern Wisconsin"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":97928,"text":"sir20095049 - 2009 - Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation","indexId":"sir20095049","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"title":"Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":97928,"text":"sir20095049 - 2009 - Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation","indexId":"sir20095049","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"title":"Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation"},"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-30T15:24:37","indexId":"70176163","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Using a coupled groundwater/surfacewater model to predict climate-change impacts to lakes in the Trout Lake watershed, Northern Wisconsin","docAbstract":"A major focus of the U.S. Geological Survey’s Trout Lake Water, Energy, and Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB) project is the development of a watershed model to allow predictions of hydrologic response to future conditions including land-use and climate change. The coupled groundwater/surface-water model GSFLOW was chosen for this purpose because it could easily incorporate an existing groundwater flow model and it provides for simulation of surface-water processes. The Trout Lake watershed in northern Wisconsin is underlain by a highly conductive outwash sand aquifer. In this area, streamflow is dominated by groundwater contributions; however, surface runoff occurs during intense rainfall periods and spring snowmelt. Surface runoff also occurs locally near stream/lake areas where the unsaturated zone is thin. A diverse data set, collected from 1992 to 2007 for the Trout Lake WEBB project and the co-located and NSF-funded North Temperate Lakes LTER project, includes snowpack, solar radiation, potential evapotranspiration, lake levels, groundwater levels, and streamflow. The timeseries processing software TSPROC (Doherty 2003) was used to distill the large time series data set to a smaller set of observations and summary statistics that captured the salient hydrologic information. The timeseries processing reduced hundreds of thousands of observations to less than 5,000. Model calibration included specific predictions for several lakes in the study area using the PEST parameter estimation suite of software (Doherty 2007). The calibrated model was used to simulate the hydrologic response in the study lakes to a variety of climate change scenarios culled from the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Solomon et al. 2007). Results from the simulations indicate climate change could result in substantial changes to the lake levels and components of the hydrologic budget of a seepage lake in the flow system. For a drainage lake lower in the flow system, the impacts of climate change are diminished.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation (SIR2009-5049)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"conferenceTitle":"Third interagency conference on research in the watersheds","conferenceDate":"September 8-11, 2008","conferenceLocation":"Estes Park, CO","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Walker, J.F., Hunt, R.J., Markstrom, S., Hay, L.E., and Doherty, J., 2009, Using a coupled groundwater/surfacewater model to predict climate-change impacts to lakes in the Trout Lake watershed, Northern Wisconsin, in Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation (SIR2009-5049), Estes Park, CO, September 8-11, 2008, p. 155-161.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"161","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":328067,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":328066,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5049/pdf/Walker.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c6b1b6e4b0f2f0cebe73c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walker, John F. jfwalker@usgs.gov","contributorId":1081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"John","email":"jfwalker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":1129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Markstrom, Steven L. 0000-0001-7630-9547 markstro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7630-9547","contributorId":1986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markstrom","given":"Steven L.","email":"markstro@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":647524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hay, Lauren E. 0000-0003-3763-4595 lhay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3763-4595","contributorId":1287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"Lauren","email":"lhay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Doherty, John","contributorId":43843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doherty","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70033209,"text":"70033209 - 2009 - Persistence of organochlorine chemical residues in fish from the Tombigbee River (Alabama, USA): Continuing risk to wildlife from a former DDT manufacturing facility","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:38","indexId":"70033209","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Persistence of organochlorine chemical residues in fish from the Tombigbee River (Alabama, USA): Continuing risk to wildlife from a former DDT manufacturing facility","docAbstract":"Organochlorine pesticide and total polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations were measured in largemouth bass from the Tombigbee River near a former DDT manufacturing facility at McIntosh, Alabama. Evaluation of mean p,p???- and o,p???-DDT isomer concentrations and o,p???- versus p,p???-isomer proportions in McIntosh bass indicated that DDT is moving off site from the facility and into the Tombigbee River. Concentrations of p,p???-DDT isomers in McIntosh bass remained unchanged from 1974 to 2004 and were four times greater than contemporary concentrations from a national program. Total DDT in McIntosh bass exceeded dietary effect concentrations developed for bald eagle and osprey. Hexachlorobenzene, PCBs, and toxaphene concentrations in bass from McIntosh also exceeded thresholds to protect fish and piscivorous wildlife. Whereas concentrations of DDT and most other organochlorine chemicals in fish have generally declined in the U.S. since their ban, concentrations of DDT in fish from McIntosh remain elevated and represent a threat to wildlife.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2008.08.021","issn":"02697","usgsCitation":"Hinck, J., Norstrom, R.J., Orazio, C., Schmitt, C., and Tillitt, D.E., 2009, Persistence of organochlorine chemical residues in fish from the Tombigbee River (Alabama, USA): Continuing risk to wildlife from a former DDT manufacturing facility: Environmental Pollution, v. 157, no. 2, p. 582-591, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2008.08.021.","startPage":"582","endPage":"591","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213497,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2008.08.021"},{"id":241126,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"157","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a76ebe4b0c8380cd78396","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hinck, J.E.","contributorId":47560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinck","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Norstrom, R. J.","contributorId":69936,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Norstrom","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orazio, C.E.","contributorId":68440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orazio","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmitt, C. J. 0000-0001-6804-2360","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6804-2360","contributorId":56339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"C. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tillitt, D. E.","contributorId":83462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}