{"pageNumber":"2047","pageRowStart":"51150","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68919,"records":[{"id":4338,"text":"cir933 - 1984 - Investigation of ethylene dibromide (EDB) in ground water in Seminole County, Georgia","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":9711,"text":"ofr83258 - 1983 - Floods from small drainage basins in Alaska","indexId":"ofr83258","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"title":"Floods from small drainage basins in Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":4338,"text":"cir933 - 1984 - Investigation of ethylene dibromide (EDB) in ground water in Seminole County, Georgia","indexId":"cir933","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Investigation of ethylene dibromide (EDB) in ground water in Seminole County, Georgia"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-02T11:23:51","indexId":"cir933","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"933","title":"Investigation of ethylene dibromide (EDB) in ground water in Seminole County, Georgia","docAbstract":"An investigation of ground water in Seminole County, Georgia, for ethylene dibromide (EDB) was conducted in August 1983 by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Exposure Assessment Branch of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The purpose of the investigation was to determine whether EDB, which was previously detected in ground-water samples from four neighboring wells, was localized in the vicinity of the wells or was more widespread in the ground-water system. \r\n\r\nEDB was detected in 6 of 19 wells sampled. Concentrations ranged from 0.03 to 11.8 micrograms per liter. Five of the six samples that contained EDB were collected from irrigation wells, and one was collected from a domestic well. Concentrations of 4.5 and 11.8 micrograms per liter were found in two irrigation wells located near Buck Hole, a sinkhole in a swampy depression in central Seminole County. EDB was not detected in samples from the remaining 10 irrigation and 3 domestic wells and the surface-water site (detection level less than 0.01 microgram per liter). \r\n\r\nNine core samples were collected from a borehole near one of the irrigation wells that had high EDB concentrations. EDB was found in a core sample near the surface and in samples from depths of 24 to 25, 34 to 35, and 39 to 40 feet in the residuum. EDB concentrations in the core samples ranged from 0.06 to 2.4 micrograms per kilogram. \r\n\r\nEDB in the aquifer was found in a 4-square-mile area of the county in the vicinity of Buck Hole. EDB application information and the local hydrogeology indicate that EDB contamination in ground water in Seminole County probably is due to soil fumigation with EDB. Apparently, EDB moves downward through the residuum and, through undetermined pathways, enters the aquifer. However, because the high concentration of EDB in the aquifer seems to be localized in the Buck Hole area, the possibility of contamination from an EDB fumigant spill cannot be disregarded at this time.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/cir933","usgsCitation":"McConnell, J.B., Hicks, D., Lowe, L.E., Cohen, S., and Jovanovich, A., 1984, Investigation of ethylene dibromide (EDB) in ground water in Seminole County, Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 933, iv, 20 p. :ill., maps ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir933.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p. :ill., maps ;26 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":117675,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1984/0933/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31448,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1984/0933/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","county":"Seminole County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84.88037109375,\n              30.713503990354965\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.473876953125,\n              30.713503990354965\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.682861328125,\n              30.987027960280326\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.4521484375,\n              31.512995857454676\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.47412109375,\n              31.82156451492074\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.6279296875,\n              32.16631295696736\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.638671875,\n              32.21280106801518\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.8583984375,\n              32.12910537866883\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.05615234375,\n              31.147006308556566\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.88037109375,\n              30.713503990354965\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4779e4b07f02db47f430","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McConnell, James B.","contributorId":28224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McConnell","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hicks, D.W.","contributorId":61795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hicks","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lowe, L. E.","contributorId":97482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowe","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cohen, S.Z.","contributorId":44126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"S.Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jovanovich, A.P.","contributorId":83500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jovanovich","given":"A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":2221,"text":"wsp2197 - 1984 - Ground-water monitoring at Santa Barbara, California: Phase 2 — Effects of pumping on water levels and on water quality in the Santa Barbara ground-water basin","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":10186,"text":"ofr82366 - 1982 - Ground-water monitoring at Santa Barbara, California; Phase 2-effects of pumping on water levels and water quality in the Santa Barbara ground-water basins","indexId":"ofr82366","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water monitoring at Santa Barbara, California; Phase 2-effects of pumping on water levels and water quality in the Santa Barbara ground-water basins"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2221,"text":"wsp2197 - 1984 - Ground-water monitoring at Santa Barbara, California: Phase 2 — Effects of pumping on water levels and on water quality in the Santa Barbara ground-water basin","indexId":"wsp2197","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water monitoring at Santa Barbara, California: Phase 2 — Effects of pumping on water levels and on water quality in the Santa Barbara ground-water basin"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-04T20:05:24.878393","indexId":"wsp2197","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2197","title":"Ground-water monitoring at Santa Barbara, California: Phase 2 — Effects of pumping on water levels and on water quality in the Santa Barbara ground-water basin","docAbstract":"From July 1978 to January 1980, water levels in the southern part of the Santa Barbara ground-water basin declined more than 100 feet. These water-level declines resulted from increases in municipal pumping since July 1978. The increase in municipal pumping was part of a basin-testing program designed to determine the usable quantity of ground water in storage. The pumping, centered in the city less than 1 mile from the coast, has caused water-level declines to altitudes below sea level in the main water-bearing zones. As a result, the ground-water basin would be subject to saltwater intrusion if the study-period pumpage were maintained or increased. \r\n\r\nData indicate that saltwater intrusion has degraded the quality of the water yielded from six coastal wells. During the study period, the six coastal wells all yielded water with chloride concentrations in excess of 250 milligrams per liter, and four of the wells yielded water with chloride concentrations in excess of 1,000 milligrams per liter. \r\n\r\nPrevious investigators believed that saltwater intrusion was limited to the shallow part of the aquifer, directly adjacent to the coast. The possibility of saltwater intrusion into the deeper water-bearing deposits in the aquifer was thought to be remote because an offshore fault truncates these deeper deposits so that they lie against consolidated rocks on the seaward side of the fault. Results of this study indicate, however, that ocean water has intruded the deeper water-bearing deposits, and to a much greater extent than in the shallow part of the aquifer. Apparently the offshore fault is not an effective barrier to saltwater intrusion. \r\n\r\nNo physical barriers are known to exist between the coast and the municipal well field. Therefore, if the pumping rate maintained during the basin-testing program were continued, the degraded water along the coast could move inland and contaminate the municipal supply wells. The time required for the degraded water to move from the coast to the nearest supply well is estimated, using Darcy's equation, to be about 20 years. \r\n\r\nManagement alternatives for controlling saltwater intrusion in the Santa Barbara area include (1) decreasing municipal pumping, (2) increasing the quantity of water available for recharge by releasing surplus water from surface reservoirs to Mission Creek, (3) artificially recharging the basin using injection wells, and (4) locating municipal supply wells farther from the coast and spacing them farther apart in order to minimize drawdown. Continued monitoring of water levels and water quality would enable assessment of the effectiveness of the control measures employed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp2197","usgsCitation":"Martin, P., 1984, Ground-water monitoring at Santa Barbara, California: Phase 2 — Effects of pumping on water levels and on water quality in the Santa Barbara ground-water basin: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2197, iv, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2197.","productDescription":"iv, 31 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":27970,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2197/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":137671,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2197/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":393873,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25353.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Santa Barbara","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.82376098632814,\n              34.3955786154917\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.52713012695314,\n              34.3955786154917\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.52713012695314,\n              34.513346401475786\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.82376098632814,\n              34.513346401475786\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.82376098632814,\n              34.3955786154917\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db66078d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, Peter pmmartin@usgs.gov","contributorId":799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Peter","email":"pmmartin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":144841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26477,"text":"wri844181 - 1984 - Potential effects of surface coal mining on the hydrology of the Circle West coal tracts, McCone County, eastern Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:34","indexId":"wri844181","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4181","title":"Potential effects of surface coal mining on the hydrology of the Circle West coal tracts, McCone County, eastern Montana","docAbstract":"The Circle West coal tracts in McCone County, Montana, contain about 460 million tons of recoverable coal reserves. Estimates of coal reserves for the tract are based predominantly on the S coal bed, which averages about 16 ft in thickness. About 175 million tons, or 38%, of the recoverable coal is Federally owned and has been identified for potential lease sale. A hydrologic study has been conducted in the potential lease area to describe existing hydrologic systems and to assess potential effects of surface coal mining on local water resources. Geohydrologic data collected from wells and drill holes indicate that shallow aquifers exist in sandstone and coal beds of the Tongue River Member of the Fort Union Formation (Paleocene age). These shallow aquifers generally have small values of hydraulic conductivity (0.1 to 380 ft/day) and typically yield from 2 to 20 gal/min to stock and domestic wells. Where coal is extremely fractured or the thickness of saturated sandstone is large, some wells can yield in excess of 70 gal/min. Chemical analyses indicate that most shallow aquifers contain a sodium sulfate bicarbonate type water. Surface water resources of the area consist of intermittent streamflow in parts of the Nelson and Timber Creek basins plus a large network of reservoirs. The reservoirs provide a large part of the water supply for area livestock and irrigation. Water quality data for Nelson and Timber Creeks indicate that the water generally is a sodium sulfate type and has a large concentration (181 to 6,960 mg/L) of dissolved solids. Mining of the S coal bed in the Circle West coal tracts would permanently remove shallow coal and sandstone aquifers, resulting in the loss of shallow stock wells. Mining would destroy livestock reservoirs, alter runoff characteristics of Nelson Creek, and temporarily lower water levels in shallow aquifers near the mine. Leaching of soluble constituents from mine spoils may cause a long-term degradation of the quality of water in shallow aquifers in and near the coal tracts. Some of the effects on local water supplies could be mitigated by development of alternative water resources in deeper aquifers such as the Tullock aquifer of Paleocene age and the Fox Hills-lower Hell Creek aquifer of Late Cretaceous age. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844181","usgsCitation":"Cannon, M.R., 1984, Potential effects of surface coal mining on the hydrology of the Circle West coal tracts, McCone County, eastern Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4181, iv, 46 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844181.","productDescription":"iv, 46 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123883,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4181/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55298,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4181/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55299,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4181/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a60cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, M. R.","contributorId":99140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27148,"text":"wri844183 - 1984 - Hydrogeologic setting east of a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:25","indexId":"wri844183","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4183","title":"Hydrogeologic setting east of a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois","docAbstract":"Core samples from 45 test wells and 4 borings were used to describe the glacial geology of the area east of the low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Bureau County, Illinois. Previous work has shown that shallow ground water beneath the disposal site flows east through a pebbly-sand unit of the Toulon Member of the Glasford Formation. The pebbly sand was found in core samples from wells in an area extending northeast from the waste-disposal site to a strip-mine lake and east along the south side of the lake. Other stratigraphic units identified in the study area are correlated with units found on the disposal site. The pebbly-sand unit of the Toulon Member grades from a pebbly sand on site into a coarse gravel with sand and pebbles towards the lake. The Hulick Till Member, a key bed, underlies the Toulon Member throughout most of the study area. A narrow channel-like depression in the Hulick Till is filled with coarse gravelly sand of the Toulon Member. The filled depression extends eastward from near the northeast corner of the waste-disposal site to the strip-mine lake. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844183","usgsCitation":"Foster, J., Garklavs, G., and Mackey, G., 1984, Hydrogeologic setting east of a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4183, iv, 20 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844183.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122932,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4183/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56029,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4183/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db6278be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foster, J.B.","contributorId":12040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garklavs, George","contributorId":87139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garklavs","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mackey, G.W.","contributorId":46529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mackey","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":27227,"text":"wri844088 - 1984 - Nitrogen, sulfate, chloride, and manganese in ground water in the alluvial deposits of the South Platte River Valley near Greeley, Weld County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:39","indexId":"wri844088","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4088","title":"Nitrogen, sulfate, chloride, and manganese in ground water in the alluvial deposits of the South Platte River Valley near Greeley, Weld County, Colorado","docAbstract":"Ground water from the valley-fill deposits of the South Platte River Valley and its tributaries is used extensively for agriculture in the study area, about 10 miles east of Greeley and about 50 miles northeast of Denver, Colorado. The valley-fill deposits, which consist of alluvial and terrace deposits, are in a valley system eroded in Laramie Formation bedrock. Water samples collected from 53 wells during 1974 and 1980 were analyzed for nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen, sulfate, chloride, and manganese. Median concentrations changes in these constituents from 1974 to 1980 are as follows: 6.0 to 8.8 milligrams per liter for nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen, 850 to 900 milligrams per liter for sulfate, and 94 to 120 milligrams per liter for chloride. Manganese concentrations were greater than 1,000 micrograms per liter in both 1974 and 1980 in a small area at the mouth of Box Elder Creek. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"The Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844088","usgsCitation":"Gaggiani, N., 1984, Nitrogen, sulfate, chloride, and manganese in ground water in the alluvial deposits of the South Platte River Valley near Greeley, Weld County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4088, 7 maps on 2 sheets :col. ;72 x 89 cm. and 71 x 89 cm., folded in envelope 31 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844088.","productDescription":"7 maps on 2 sheets :col. ;72 x 89 cm. and 71 x 89 cm., folded in envelope 31 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158818,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":56095,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4088/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56096,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4088/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db6971d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gaggiani, N. G.","contributorId":95890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaggiani","given":"N. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":43548,"text":"ofr84181 - 1984 - Land use and land cover and associated maps for Hamilton, Montana; Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:28","indexId":"ofr84181","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-181","title":"Land use and land cover and associated maps for Hamilton, Montana; Idaho","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr84181","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1984, Land use and land cover and associated maps for Hamilton, Montana; Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-181, maps :photocopy ;45 x 65 cm., on sheet 76 x 107 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84181.","productDescription":"maps :photocopy ;45 x 65 cm., on sheet 76 x 107 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":172332,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b1107","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":531233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27259,"text":"wri844317 - 1984 - Preliminary study of the aquifers of the lower Mesilla Valley in Texas and New Mexico by model simulation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-29T20:16:34.84596","indexId":"wri844317","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4317","title":"Preliminary study of the aquifers of the lower Mesilla Valley in Texas and New Mexico by model simulation","docAbstract":"<p>The aquifers in the lower Mesilla Valley of Texas and New Mexico provide water for irrigation, industrial use, and municipal supply. At present (1984), the shallow aquifer is used principally for irrigation. The medium-depth aquifer (the top of which is about 160 to 260 feet below land surface) and deep aquifer (about 460 to 680 feet below land surface) are used almost exclusively by the city of El Paso to provide about 28 percent of the city's ground-water withdrawal of about 82,000 acre-feet in 1980; however, a small percentage of the pumpage is from the shallow aquifer. The potential use of the medium-depth and deep aquifers for irrigation, together with a planned increase in pumping by the city, is causing concern on the part of El Paso water planners over the impact of this development on the limited supply from the two aquifers.</p>\n<p>A three-dimensional digital model of the aquifers was developed to evaluate the responses of water levels to various plans of development, with particular emphasis on the medium-depth and deep aquifers in and near the Canutillo well field. Simulations also were made to show the effect of eliminating seepage from the Rio Grande to the aquifer system.</p>\n<p>The model simulations indicate that if pumpage by the city of El Paso during 1^76-80 increases to 10,000 acre-feet, per year from the medium-depth aquifer and to 20,000 acre-feet per year from the deep aquifer, and elsewhere in the study area pumping was held constant at the 1975 rate, then additional lowering of water levels in representative observation wells would be as much as 24 feet in the medium-depth aquifer and as much as 52 feet in the deep aquifer. The water levels would decline sharply during the first few months, after which the levels would become nearly stable because the leakage between the aquifers probably is enough to balance the increased pumpage. The model also indicated that lining of the channel of the Rio Grande would result in an additional lowering of water levels in representative observation wells by 10 feet in the medium-depth aquifer and 8 feet in the deep aquifer.</p>\n<p>The accuracy of water levels simulated by a model is dependent on the accuracy and distribution of input data and how well model boundary conditions approximate actual boundary conditions. Because of a lack of hydro!ogic data (especial ly water-1 evel information) everywhere except the Canutillo wellfield area, because the simulated cone of depression reached two boundaries, and because the model contained an error and several deficiencies as explained in the \"Discussion\" section, the simulated results need to be interpreted carefully. The authors believe that the simulated results could be used best as a preliminary and conceptual evaluation of the pumping effects at the Canutillo well field, not as a quantitative interpretation. Although the patterns of simulated hydrographs of water-level change in observation wells in the Canutillo field generally may be correct, the amount of change simulated probably is not correct.</p>\n<p>Because the salinity of water in all three aquifers south of Canutillo is greater than elsewhere in the study area, there is potential for movement of this water northward toward the Canutillo well field if the cone of depression reaches that part of the aquifer system. This potential should be evaluated in future geohydrologic studies of the lower Mesilla Valley.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri844317","usgsCitation":"Gates, J.S., White, D., and Leggat, E., 1984, Preliminary study of the aquifers of the lower Mesilla Valley in Texas and New Mexico by model simulation: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4317, v, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844317.","productDescription":"v, 21 p.","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":409809,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36158.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":56132,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4317/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158576,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4317/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico, Texas","otherGeospatial":"lower Mesilla Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.583,\n              32\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.633,\n              32\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.633,\n              31.875\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.583,\n              31.875\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.583,\n              32\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa229","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gates, J. 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,{"id":7599,"text":"ofr84239 - 1984 - Water-level data for selected wells on or near the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, 1948 through 1982","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:50","indexId":"ofr84239","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-239","title":"Water-level data for selected wells on or near the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, 1948 through 1982","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr84239","usgsCitation":"Barraclough, J., Bagby, J., White, L., and Jensen, R.G., 1984, Water-level data for selected wells on or near the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, 1948 through 1982: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-239, viii, 343 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84239.","productDescription":"viii, 343 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139952,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0239/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":35095,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0239/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e7670","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barraclough, J.T.","contributorId":16003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barraclough","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bagby, J.C.","contributorId":51288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bagby","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, L.J.","contributorId":67080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jensen, R. G.","contributorId":63799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jensen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":6998,"text":"ofr84276 - 1984 - Analytical results and sample locality map of stream-sediment, panned-concentrate, rock, and water samples from the Narrows, Lime Hills, and Sand Cove Wilderness Study Areas, Mohave County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:54","indexId":"ofr84276","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-276","title":"Analytical results and sample locality map of stream-sediment, panned-concentrate, rock, and water samples from the Narrows, Lime Hills, and Sand Cove Wilderness Study Areas, Mohave County, Arizona","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr84276","usgsCitation":"Hopkins, R., Campbell, W.L., Fox, J.P., and Antweiler, J., 1984, Analytical results and sample locality map of stream-sediment, panned-concentrate, rock, and water samples from the Narrows, Lime Hills, and Sand Cove Wilderness Study Areas, Mohave County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-276, 23 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84276.","productDescription":"23 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139808,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0276/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34287,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0276/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":34288,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0276/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e450","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hopkins, R.T.","contributorId":80264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, W. L.","contributorId":46939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fox, J. P.","contributorId":90299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fox","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Antweiler, J.C.","contributorId":35722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antweiler","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":6999,"text":"ofr84284 - 1984 - Analytical results and sample locality maps of stream-sediment, panned-concentrate, rock, and water samples from the West and East Palisades Roadless Areas, Idaho and Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:54","indexId":"ofr84284","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-284","title":"Analytical results and sample locality maps of stream-sediment, panned-concentrate, rock, and water samples from the West and East Palisades Roadless Areas, Idaho and Wyoming","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr84284","usgsCitation":"Hopkins, R., Antweiler, J., Campbell, W.L., and Fox, J.P., 1984, Analytical results and sample locality maps of stream-sediment, panned-concentrate, rock, and water samples from the West and East Palisades Roadless Areas, Idaho and Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-284, 56 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84284.","productDescription":"56 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139809,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0284/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34289,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0284/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acae4b07f02db67cdc7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hopkins, R.T.","contributorId":80264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Antweiler, J.C.","contributorId":35722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antweiler","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Campbell, W. L.","contributorId":46939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fox, J. P.","contributorId":90299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fox","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":27332,"text":"wri834201 - 1984 - Floods of March 1982, Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-24T09:53:24","indexId":"wri834201","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4201","title":"Floods of March 1982, Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio","docAbstract":"<p>Rapid melting of a snowpack containing 2 to 6 inches of water equivalent coinciding with moderate rainfall caused flooding in March 1982 across northern Indiana, southern Michigan, and northwestern Ohio. Millions of dollars in property damage and the loss of four lives resulted from the flooding. Peak discharges at several gaging stations in each of the following river basins have recurrence intervals of 50 to greater than 100 years: Wabash, St. Joseph, River Raisin, Maumee, and Kankakee. Flooding in the Wabash River basin was confined to major tributaries draining from the north. The St. Joseph River experienced flooding having a recurrence interval of about 50 years. Peak discharges having recurrence intervals of 50 to greater than 100 years were recorded on the River Raisin. Flooding on most large streams in the Maumee River basin was the worst since 1913. The Kankakee River and its major tributary, Yellow River, recorded peak discharges having recurrence intervals greater than 100 years. Hydrologic data have been tabulated for 83 gaging stations and partial-record sites. Maps are presented to emphasize the severity and untimely sequence of meteorological conditions that provided the potential and triggered the floods. Hydrographs are shown for 32 gaging stations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/wri834201","usgsCitation":"Glatfelter, D., Butch, G., and Stewart, J.A., 1984, Floods of March 1982, Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4201, vi, 40 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834201.","productDescription":"vi, 40 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":56197,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4201/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124211,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4201/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana, Michigan, 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A.","contributorId":50158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":27333,"text":"wri844134 - 1984 - Techniques for estimating magnitude and frequency of floods on streams in Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-24T10:06:51","indexId":"wri844134","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4134","title":"Techniques for estimating magnitude and frequency of floods on streams in Indiana","docAbstract":"<p>Equations are presented for estimating the magnitude and frequency of floods at ungaged sites on unregulated and nonurban streams in Indiana. The equations were developed by multiple-regression, analysis of basin characteristics and peak-flow statistical data from 242 gaged locations in Indiana, Ohio, and Illinois. The State of Indiana was divided into seven areas on the basis of the regression analysis. A set of equations for estimating peak discharges with recurrence intervals of 2, IO, 25, 50, and 100 years was developed for each area. Significant basin characteristics in the equations are drainage area, channel length, channel slope, mean annual precipitation, storage, precipitation intensity, and a runoff coefficient. Standard errors of estimate for the equations range from 24 to 45 percent.</p>\n<p>Methods are also presented for estimating flood magnitude and frequency at sites on gaged streams. Flood-frequency data based on observed peaks are given for 270 gaged locations. Twenty of these are on regulated streams, and six are on urban streams. Basin characteristics are also included car 245 of the gaged locations on unregulated and nonurban streams. No techniques are given for estimating flood magnitude and frequency at ungaged sites on regulated or urban streams.</p>\n<p>A rainfall-runoff model was tlsed to synthesize long-term peak data at 11 gaged locations on small streams. Flood-frequency curves developed from the long-term synthetic data were combined with curves based on short-term observed data to provide weighted estimates of flood magnitude and frequency at the rainfall-runoff stations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/wri844134","collaboration":"Indiana Department of Highways, Federal Highway Adminstration","usgsCitation":"Glatfelter, D., 1984, Techniques for estimating magnitude and frequency of floods on streams in Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4134, iv, 110 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844134.","productDescription":"iv, 110 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","startPage":"1","endPage":"110","numberOfPages":"116","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science 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,{"id":17684,"text":"ofr84267 - 1984 - Software listings and major electronic circuits and components of the ocean bottom instrument package (OBIP)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":17684,"text":"ofr84267 - 1984 - Software listings and major electronic circuits and components of the ocean bottom instrument package (OBIP)","indexId":"ofr84267","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Software listings and major electronic circuits and components of the ocean bottom instrument package (OBIP)"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":14978,"text":"ofr89153 - 1989 - A low-power geophysical data-acquisition system; modification II","indexId":"ofr89153","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"A low-power geophysical data-acquisition system; modification II"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":14978,"text":"ofr89153 - 1989 - A low-power geophysical data-acquisition system; modification II","indexId":"ofr89153","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"A low-power geophysical data-acquisition system; modification II"},"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-18T15:05:03","indexId":"ofr84267","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-267","title":"Software listings and major electronic circuits and components of the ocean bottom instrument package (OBIP)","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr84267","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1984, Software listings and major electronic circuits and components of the ocean bottom instrument package (OBIP): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-267, ii, 73 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84267.","productDescription":"ii, 73 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":368421,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0267/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":150004,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0267/report-thumb.jpg.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49efe4b07f02db5edcf2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":65815,"text":"i1491 - 1984 - Shaded relief and surface markings of the Ruwa Patera Region of Io","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:18","indexId":"i1491","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1491","subseriesTitle":"NONE","title":"Shaded relief and surface markings of the Ruwa Patera Region of Io","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i1491","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1984, Shaded relief and surface markings of the Ruwa Patera Region of Io: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 1491, 2 remote-sensing images :1 col. ;61 x 94 cm., on sheets 78 x 103 cm. and 90 x 101 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/i1491.","productDescription":"2 remote-sensing images :1 col. ;61 x 94 cm., on sheets 78 x 103 cm. and 90 x 101 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":189666,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":101166,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1491/plate-1.pdf","size":"8040","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":101167,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1491/plate-2.pdf","size":"12712","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"5000000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f4913","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":41812,"text":"ofr84296 - 1984 - Aeromagnetic map of the Juneau area, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:03","indexId":"ofr84296","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-296","title":"Aeromagnetic map of the Juneau area, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr84296","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1984, Aeromagnetic map of the Juneau area, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-296, 1 map :photocopy ;56 x 48 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84296.","productDescription":"1 map :photocopy ;56 x 48 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":167955,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":79533,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0296/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af4e4b07f02db692005","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":530638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":43149,"text":"ofr84196 - 1984 - Land use and land cover and associated maps for Omaha, Nebraska; Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:29","indexId":"ofr84196","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-196","title":"Land use and land cover and associated maps for Omaha, Nebraska; Iowa","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr84196","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1984, Land use and land cover and associated maps for Omaha, Nebraska; Iowa: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-196, 4 sheets :photocopy ;45 x 67 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84196.","productDescription":"4 sheets :photocopy ;45 x 67 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":172639,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b07a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":530997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1269,"text":"wsp2219 - 1984 - Hydrogeologic setting and the potentiometric surfaces of regional aquifers in the Hollandale Embayment, southeastern Minnesota, 1970-80","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T10:56:32","indexId":"wsp2219","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2219","title":"Hydrogeologic setting and the potentiometric surfaces of regional aquifers in the Hollandale Embayment, southeastern Minnesota, 1970-80","docAbstract":"<p>Sedimentary Paleozoic rocks in the Hollandale embayment in southeastern Minnesota are as thick as 2,000 ft. This sedimentary sequence, together with the Proterozoic Hinckley Sandstone and the Quaternary drift, is divided into six regional aquifers: undifferentiated drift, Upper Carbonate, St. Peter, Prairie du Chien-Jordan, Ironton-Galesville, and Mount Simon-Hinckley.</p>\n<p>Potentiometric-surface maps for each aquifer indicate that movement of ground water is predominantly toward the major rivers. The St. Croix, Minnesota, and Mississippi Rivers constitute regional discharge boundaries for ground-water flow. A major ground-water divide in the St. Peter, Prairie du Chien-Jordan, Ironton-Galesville, and Mount Simon-Hinckley aquifers in the south-central part of the Hollandale embayment separates ground-water flow northward toward the Twin Cities area and southward toward Iowa. The St. Peter and Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifers in the southeastern part of the embayment contain ground-water mounds as high as 90 ft above the regional potentiometric surface. The mounds occur as a result of increased recharge where the Decorah-Platteville-Glenwood confining bed has been removed by erosion and the aquifers subcrop beneath drift that is about 20 ft thick. This head distribution produces a locally complex pattern of flow in which ground water moves southwesterly toward Iowa instead of directly toward the Mississippi River.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp2219","usgsCitation":"Delin, G., and Woodward, D.G., 1984, Hydrogeologic setting and the potentiometric surfaces of regional aquifers in the Hollandale Embayment, southeastern Minnesota, 1970-80: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2219, iv, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2219.","productDescription":"iv, 56 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science 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N.","contributorId":12834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delin","given":"G. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woodward, D. G.","contributorId":106458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":43487,"text":"ofr84317 - 1984 - Land use and land cover and associated maps for Holbrook, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:05","indexId":"ofr84317","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-317","title":"Land use and land cover and associated maps for Holbrook, Arizona","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr84317","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1984, Land use and land cover and associated maps for Holbrook, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-317, 5 maps :photocopy ;45 x 74 cm., on sheets 77 x 107 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84317.","productDescription":"5 maps :photocopy ;45 x 74 cm., on sheets 77 x 107 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169237,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b1085","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":531195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":43493,"text":"ofr84528 - 1984 - Land use and land cover and associated maps for Idaho Falls, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:05","indexId":"ofr84528","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-528","title":"Land use and land cover and associated maps for Idaho Falls, Idaho","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr84528","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1984, Land use and land cover and associated maps for Idaho Falls, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-528, 5 maps :photocopy ;45 x 65 cm., on sheet 76 x 107 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84528.","productDescription":"5 maps :photocopy ;45 x 65 cm., on sheet 76 x 107 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":168370,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b1006","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":531201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1954,"text":"wsp2211 - 1984 - Preliminary evaluation of ground-water contamination by coal-tar derivatives, St. Louis Park area, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T12:13:24","indexId":"wsp2211","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2211","title":"Preliminary evaluation of ground-water contamination by coal-tar derivatives, St. Louis Park area, Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>Operation of a coal-tar distillation and wood-preserving plant from 1918 to 1972 in St. Louis Park, a suburb of Minneapolis, Minn., resulted in ground-water contamination. This preliminary evaluation presents an overview of the problem based on the results of the first year (1979) of an ongoing study.</p>\n<p>By 1932, water in the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer, the region's major source of ground water, was contaminated 3,500 feet from the plant. It seems that this early contamination of the aquifer resulted in part from the introduction of coal tar directly into a multiaquifer well on the plant site. The Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer underlies the area at depths of 250 to 500 feet and is overlain by two bedrock aquifers (Platteville and St. Peter), two confining beds (Glenwood and the basal part of St. Peter), and 70 to 100 feet of drift.</p>\n<p>The upper part of the aquifer (the Prairie du Chien Group) is carbonate rock having fracture and solution-channel permeability and low effective porosity. Contaminants in the Prairie du Chien Group can move more rapidly than those in drift and sandstone aquifers having intergranular permeability. The aquifer characteristics, the long contamination history, and seasonal potentiometric-surface fluctuations owing to heavy municipal and industrial withdrawals combine to create a complex distribution of coal-tar derivatives in the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer.</p>\n<p>In addition, at least 25 ungrouted or partly cased wells in the area may permit contaminated water from near-surface aquifers to flow downward into deeper bedrock aquifers along or through the well bores. Where possible, such wells have been geophysically logged and inspected by downhole television. Flow rates of 20 to 150 gallons per minute from the Platteville and St. Peter aquifers to the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer were observed in five of nine wells. The water was contaminated in four of the five wells.</p>\n<p>Drift materials on and south of the site have been contaminated by surface spills and by infiltration of contaminated process water. Near the contamination source, a hydrocarbon fluid phase is moving vertically downward relative to movement of the aqueous phase. Fluid pumped from an observation well in this area contained 6,000 milligrams per liter total organic carbon. Dissolved coal-tar constituents in the drift and the uppermost bedrock unit over most of the area, the Platteville aquifer, have moved at least 4,000 feet downgradient to a drift-filled bedrock valley. At the valley, it seems that the Platteville aquifer and the Glenwood confining bed have been removed by erosion and that contaminants with a concentration of approximately 2 milligrams per liter dissolved organic carbon are entering the underlying St. Peter aquifer. Chemical analyses of fluid pumped from observation wells suggest that soluble, low-molecular-weight compounds are moving preferentially through the drift and the Platteville aquifer.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp2211","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Department of Health","usgsCitation":"Hult, M.F., and Schoenberg, M.E., 1984, Preliminary evaluation of ground-water contamination by coal-tar derivatives, St. Louis Park area, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2211, Document: iv, 53 p.; 6 Plates: 30.00 x 26.38 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2211.","productDescription":"Document: iv, 53 p.; 6 Plates: 30.00 x 26.38 inches or smaller","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":27294,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2211/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":27295,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2211/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":27296,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2211/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":27297,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2211/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":27298,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2211/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":27299,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2211/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":27300,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2211/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":138544,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2211/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"St. Louis Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.48472595214844,\n              44.87509228356425\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.48472595214844,\n              45.011661359224064\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.24783325195311,\n              45.011661359224064\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.24783325195311,\n              44.87509228356425\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.48472595214844,\n              44.87509228356425\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db668582","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hult, Marc F.","contributorId":18344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hult","given":"Marc","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoenberg, Michael E.","contributorId":87528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoenberg","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":41218,"text":"ofr84813 - 1984 - Potentiometric surface of the upper Floridan aquifer in central Sumter County, Florida, September 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:54","indexId":"ofr84813","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-813","title":"Potentiometric surface of the upper Floridan aquifer in central Sumter County, Florida, September 1984","docAbstract":"This map presents the potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer in central Sumter County, Florida, for September 1984. The Floridan aquifer system is the principal source of potable water in the area. The focus of the map is the potentiometric surface in the Jumper Creek Canal area. Water-level measurements were made on approximately 60 wells. The potentiometric surface ranged in altitude from more than 90 feet in the southeastern part of the county to less than 40 feet northwest of Lake Panasoffkee in the west-central area. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr84813","usgsCitation":"Bradner, L.A., 1984, Potentiometric surface of the upper Floridan aquifer in central Sumter County, Florida, September 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-813, 1 map :photocopy ;52 x 73 cm., on sheet 76 x 87 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84813.","productDescription":"1 map :photocopy ;52 x 73 cm., on sheet 76 x 87 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170721,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":79027,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0813/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db682b49","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradner, L. A.","contributorId":21925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradner","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":224669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":19060,"text":"ofr83945 - 1984 - Water Resources Division training catalog","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:24","indexId":"ofr83945","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-945","title":"Water Resources Division training catalog","docAbstract":"The National Training Center provides technical and management sessions nesessary for the conductance of the U.S. Geological Survey 's training programs. This catalog describes the facilities and staff at the Lakewood Training Center and describes Water Resources Division training courses available through the center. In addition, the catalog describes the procedures for gaining admission, formulas for calculating fees, and discussion of course evaluations. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr83945","usgsCitation":"Hotchkiss, W.R., and Foxhoven, L., 1984, Water Resources Division training catalog: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 83-945, iii, 152 p. :ill., map ;30 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr83945.","productDescription":"iii, 152 p. :ill., map ;30 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151049,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0945/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48502,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0945/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d4e4b07f02db5dd72d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hotchkiss, W. R.","contributorId":61820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hotchkiss","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foxhoven, L.A.","contributorId":28980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foxhoven","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":9617,"text":"ofr84867 - 1984 - Assessment of ground-water contamination by coal-tar derivatives, St. Louis Park area, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T12:06:21","indexId":"ofr84867","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-867","title":"Assessment of ground-water contamination by coal-tar derivatives, St. Louis Park area, Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>Operation of a coal-tar distillation and wood-preserving facility in St. Louis Park, Minnesota, during 1918-72 contaminated ground water with coal-tar derivatives and inorganic chemicals. Coal-tar derivatives entered the groundwater system through three major paths: (1) Spills and drippings that percolated to the water table, (2) surface runoff and plant process water that was discharged to wetlands south of the former plant site, and (3) movement of coal tar directly into bedrock aquifers through a multiaquifer well on the site.</p>\n<p>In the drift, Platteville, and St. Peter aquifers, ground water flows laterally from west to east and vertically downward. Near the former plant site, creosote-like organic fluids have migrated vertically downward through the drift and are being partially dissolved by ground water. Ground water has preferentially mobilized low-molecular-weight compounds such as phenolic compounds, alkyl-benzenes, and naphthalene, although polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons as heavy as benzo(a)pyrene have been mobilized at low concentrations. Sorption of high-molecular-weight compounds has retarded their migration down the hydraulic gradient compared to low-molecular-weight compounds in the plume. Some simple phenolic compounds are being degraded to methane and carbon dioxide by bacteria under anaerobic conditions in the drift-PlattevilleSt. Peter aquifer system. Other low-molecular-weight aromatic compounds are apparently being degraded by aerobic bacteria at the periphery of the plume where oxygen is available. Intermediate degradation products such as volatile fatty acids are likely present, but complete conversion of the organic contaminants to innocuous inorganic substances has not been demonstrated. Near and south of 36th and Wooddale Avenues, contaminants enter the St. Peter aquifer where the Glenwood confining unit has been eroded in a buried bedrock valley. Contaminants previously entered the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer through at least one multiaquif er well (W38). Other sources of contaminants and the low concentrations of contaminants hamper delineation of the maximum areal extent of contaminants that are resistant to biologic degradation. These biorefractory compounds will probably continue to migrate down the hydraulic gradients in the drift and Platteville and St. Peter aquifers.</p>\n<p>Of particular concern with respect to the health risk to humans are the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, which are a major constituent of coal tar and are found in municipal wells near the site that are completed in the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer. The Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer lies 250 to 500 feet below land surface and is relatively well protected from nearsurface sources of contamination by overlying rocks. However, the aquifer has been contaminated since at least 1932 because coal-tar derivatives have entered the aquifer through multiaquifer wells. The most significant single source of contamination in the aquifer is a well drilled on the site in 1917 (well W23) that has contained liquid coal-tar since at least 1958. The introduction, dissolution, and movement of this coal-tar in ground water has contaminated nearby municipal wells. The composition of the tar in well W23, and the ratio of concentrations of individual compounds in water from well W23 to those in municipal well SLP15, are consistent with known hydrologic, chemical, and biologic processes, and the conclusion that contaminants in well SLP15 are due primarily to contaminants introduced at well W23. Most of the major polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in the tar, although slightly soluble in water and strongly sorbed by aquifer materials, have moved greater distances at higher concentrations than have the lower-molecular-weight, more soluble compounds such as phenolic compounds and naphthalene. The latter are apparently being degraded by bacteria.</p>\n<p>The direction and rate of contaminant movement within the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer changes with time because the ground-water-flow system continually adjusts to hydraulic stresses caused by ground-water withdrawals and flow through multiaquifer wells. Contaminants can move rapidly through the Prairie du Chien-Jordan because the upper part of the aquifer is a carbonate rock having fracture and solution-channel permeability, low effective porosity, and relatively small surface area for sorption. Consequently, the concentration and composition of contaminants in water pumped from individual industrial and municipal wells completed in the aquifer fluctuate with time. Although contaminants have been in the aquifer for at least 50 years and their spatial distribution is complex, concentrations remain highest near their points of introduction through multiaquifer wells near and on the site of the former plant.</p>\n<p>Contaminants reached the Ironton-Galesville aquifer through at least two deep multiaquifer wells (W23 and W38), but the extent of contamination in this aquifer, and in the underlying Mount Simon-Hinckley aquifer, is not known.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/ofr84867","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Department of Health, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, City of St. Louis Park, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Hult, M.F., 1984, Assessment of ground-water contamination by coal-tar derivatives, St. Louis Park area, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-867, v, 57 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84867.","productDescription":"v, 57 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":37343,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0867/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":141739,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0867/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"St. Louis Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.40164184570312,\n              44.918382411519346\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.40164184570312,\n              44.966012492248325\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.3024215698242,\n              44.966012492248325\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.3024215698242,\n              44.918382411519346\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.40164184570312,\n              44.918382411519346\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671fa2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hult, M. 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